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Amit M, Anastasaki C, Dantzer R, Demir IE, Deneen B, Dixon KO, Egeblad M, Gibson EM, Hervey-Jumper SL, Hondermarck H, Magnon C, Monje M, Na'ara S, Pan Y, Repasky EA, Scheff NN, Sloan EK, Talbot S, Tracey KJ, Trotman LC, Valiente M, Van Aelst L, Venkataramani V, Venkatesh HS, Vermeer PD, Winkler F, Wong RJ, Gutmann DH, Borniger JC. Next Directions in the Neuroscience of Cancers Arising outside the CNS. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:669-673. [PMID: 38571430 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
SUMMARY The field of cancer neuroscience has begun to define the contributions of nerves to cancer initiation and progression; here, we highlight the future directions of basic and translational cancer neuroscience for malignancies arising outside of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Amit
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Neural Influences in Cancer (NIC) International Research Consortium, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience and Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Karen O Dixon
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Departments of Cell Biology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erin M Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Shawn L Hervey-Jumper
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Weill Neuroscience Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- Cancer Neuroscience Laboratory, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Claire Magnon
- Laboratory of Cancer and Microenvironment-National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Institute of Biology François Jacob-Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), University of Paris Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Shorook Na'ara
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Pan
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Nicole N Scheff
- Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erica K Sloan
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | | | - Manuel Valiente
- Brain Metastasis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Humsa S Venkatesh
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paola D Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard J Wong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
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2
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Ferro A, Arshad A, Boyd L, Stanley T, Berisha A, Vrudhula U, Gomez AM, Borniger JC, Cheadle L. The cytokine receptor Fn14 is a molecular brake on neuronal activity that mediates circadian function in vivo. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.02.587786. [PMID: 38617238 PMCID: PMC11014623 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To survive, organisms must adapt to a staggering diversity of environmental signals, ranging from sensory information to pathogenic infection, across the lifespan. At the same time, organisms intrinsically generate biological oscillations, such as circadian rhythms, without input from the environment. While the nervous system is well-suited to integrate extrinsic and intrinsic cues, how the brain balances these influences to shape biological function system-wide is not well understood at the molecular level. Here, we demonstrate that the cytokine receptor Fn14, previously identified as a mediator of sensory experience-dependent synaptic refinement during brain development, regulates neuronal activity and function in adult mice in a time-of-day-dependent manner. We show that a subset of excitatory pyramidal (PYR) neurons in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus increase Fn14 expression when neuronal activity is heightened. Once expressed, Fn14 constrains the activity of these same PYR neurons, suggesting that Fn14 operates as a molecular brake on neuronal activity. Strikingly, differences in PYR neuron activity between mice lacking or expressing Fn14 were most robust at daily transitions between light and dark, and genetic ablation of Fn14 caused aberrations in circadian rhythms, sleep-wake states, and sensory-cued and spatial memory. At the cellular level, microglia contacted fewer, but larger, excitatory synapses in CA1 in the absence of Fn14, suggesting that these brain-resident immune cells may dampen neuronal activity by modifying synaptic inputs onto PYR neurons. Finally, mice lacking Fn14 exhibited heightened susceptibility to chemically induced seizures, implicating Fn14 in disorders characterized by hyperexcitation, such as epilepsy. Altogether, these findings reveal that cytokine receptors that mediates inflammation in the periphery, such as Fn14, can also play major roles in healthy neurological function in the adult brain downstream of both extrinsic and intrinsic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Ferro
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Anosha Arshad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Leah Boyd
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Tess Stanley
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Adrian Berisha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Uma Vrudhula
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Adrian M. Gomez
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | | | - Lucas Cheadle
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11740, USA
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3
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Abstract
Neuropeptides are small regulatory molecules found throughout the body, most notably in the nervous, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems. They serve as neurotransmitters or hormones in the regulation of diverse physiological processes. Cancer cells escape normal growth control mechanisms by altering their expression of growth factors, receptors, or intracellular signals, and neuropeptides have recently been recognized as mitogens in cancer growth and development. Many neuropeptides and their receptors exist in multiple subtypes, coupling with different downstream signaling pathways and playing distinct roles in cancer progression. The consideration of neuropeptide/receptor systems as anticancer targets is already leading to new biological and diagnostic knowledge that has the potential to enhance the understanding and treatment of cancer. In this review, recent discoveries regarding neuropeptides in a wide range of cancers, emphasizing their mechanisms of action, signaling cascades, regulation, and therapeutic potential, are discussed. Current technologies used to manipulate and analyze neuropeptides/receptors are described. Applications of neuropeptide analogs and their receptor inhibitors in translational studies and radio-oncology are rapidly increasing, and the possibility for their integration into therapeutic trials and clinical treatment appears promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Adrian Berisha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
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4
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Berisha A, Shutkind K, Borniger JC. Sleep Disruption and Cancer: Chicken or the Egg? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:856235. [PMID: 35663547 PMCID: PMC9160986 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.856235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a nearly ubiquitous phenomenon across the phylogenetic tree, highlighting its essential role in ensuring fitness across evolutionary time. Consequently, chronic disruption of the duration, timing, or structure of sleep can cause widespread problems in multiple physiological systems, including those that regulate energy balance, immune function, and cognitive capacity, among others. Many, if not all these systems, become altered throughout the course of cancer initiation, growth, metastatic spread, treatment, and recurrence. Recent work has demonstrated how changes in sleep influence the development of chronic diseases, including cancer, in both humans and animal models. A common finding is that for some cancers (e.g., breast), chronic disruption of sleep/wake states prior to disease onset is associated with an increased risk for cancer development. Additionally, sleep disruption after cancer initiation is often associated with worse outcomes. Recently, evidence suggesting that cancer itself can affect neuronal circuits controlling sleep and wakefulness has accumulated. Patients with cancer often report difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and severe fatigue, during and even years after treatment. In addition to the psychological stress associated with cancer, cancer itself may alter sleep homeostasis through changes to host physiology and via currently undefined mechanisms. Moreover, cancer treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation, hormonal, and surgical) may further worsen sleep problems through complex biological processes yet to be fully understood. This results in a “chicken or the egg” phenomenon, where it is unclear whether sleep disruption promotes cancer or cancer reciprocally disrupts sleep. This review will discuss existing evidence for both hypotheses and present a framework through which the interactions between sleep and cancer can be dissociated and causally investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Berisha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Kyle Shutkind
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Jeremy C. Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeremy C. Borniger,
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5
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Abstract
Cancer represents a novel homeostatic challenge to the host system. How the brain senses and responds to changes in peripheral physiology elicited by tumor growth is a largely untapped area of research. This is especially relevant given the widespread prevalence of systemic problems that people with various types of cancer experience. These include disruptions in sleep/wake cycles, cognitive function, depression, and changes in appetite/food intake, among others. Critically, many of these problems are evident prior to diagnosis, indicating that their etiology is potentially distinct from the effects of cancer treatment or the stress of a cancer diagnosis. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is well equipped to tackle these types of problems, as it uses approaches from multiple disciplines to understand how specific stimuli (endogenous and environmental) are transduced into neural, endocrine, and immune signals that ultimately regulate health and behavior. In this article, I first provide a brief historical perspective of cancer and PNI, introduce the idea of cancer as a systemic homeostatic challenge, and provide examples from preclinical literature supporting this hypothesis. Given the rise of advanced tools in neuroscience (e.g., calcium imaging), we can now monitor and manipulate genetically defined neural circuits over the extended time scales necessary to disentangle distal communication between peripheral tumors and the brain.
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Francis N, Borniger JC. Cancer as a homeostatic challenge: the role of the hypothalamus. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:903-914. [PMID: 34561122 PMCID: PMC9901368 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The initiation, progression, and metastatic spread of cancer elicits diverse changes in systemic physiology. In this way, cancer represents a novel homeostatic challenge to the host system. Here, we discuss how the hypothalamus, a critical brain region involved in homeostasis senses, integrates and responds to cancer-induced changes in physiology. Through this lens, cancer-associated changes in behavior (e.g., sleep disruption) and physiology (e.g., glucocorticoid dysregulation) can be viewed as the result of an inability to re-establish homeostasis. We provide examples at each level (receptor sensing, integration of systemic signals, and efferent regulatory pathways) of how homeostatic organization becomes disrupted across different cancers. Finally, we lay out predictions of this hypothesis and highlight outstanding questions that aim to guide further work in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Francis
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd., Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd., Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724,Correspondence:
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7
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Borniger JC, de Lecea L. Peripheral Lipopolyssacharide Rapidly Silences REM-Active LH GABA Neurons. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:649428. [PMID: 33716686 PMCID: PMC7946974 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.649428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune factors (e.g., cytokines, chemokines) can alter the activity of neuronal circuits to promote "sickness behavior," a suite of adaptive actions that organisms exhibit in response to infection/injury in order to maximize their chances of recovery (i.e., return to homeostasis). This includes drastic alterations in sleep/wake states, locomotor activity, and food intake, among other behaviors. Despite the ample evidence highlighting interactions between the brain and systemic immunity, studies on how immune challenges alter the activity of genetically defined cell populations controlling arousal states are scarce. As the lateral hypothalamus (LH) serves a major integrative function in behavioral arousal, food intake, and monitoring and responding to changes in systemic physiology, we investigated how GABAergic neurons within this brain region alter their activity across normal sleep/wake states and in response to a peripheral immune challenge with bacterial endotoxin [lipopolysaccharides (LPS)]. Using fiber photometry (GCaMP6s Ca2+ signal) in tandem with electroencephalogram (EEG)/EMG recordings to determine arousal states, we observed that population activity of GABAergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LHGABA) is highest during rapid-eye-movement sleep (REM), and this activity changes drastically across spontaneous arousal state transitions, with the lowest activity observed during non-REM sleep. Upon intraperitoneal LPS challenge, LHGABA neurons rapidly decrease their activity in tandem with elimination of REM sleep behavior (characteristic of cytokine-induced sickness). Together, these data suggest that peripheral immune challenges can rapidly (in < 40 min) alter subcortical neuronal circuits controlling arousal states. Additionally, we demonstrate that fiber photometry offers a sensitive and cell-type specific tool that can be applied to study the neuronal substrates of sickness behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C. Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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8
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Silva TM, Borniger JC, Alves MJ, Alzate Correa D, Zhao J, Fadda P, Toland AE, Takakura AC, Moreira TS, Czeisler CM, Otero JJ. Machine learning approaches reveal subtle differences in breathing and sleep fragmentation in Phox2b-derived astrocytes ablated mice. J Neurophysiol 2021; 125:1164-1179. [PMID: 33502943 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00155.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern neurophysiology research requires the interrogation of high-dimensionality data sets. Machine learning and artificial intelligence (ML/AI) workflows have permeated into nearly all aspects of daily life in the developed world but have not been implemented routinely in neurophysiological analyses. The power of these workflows includes the speed at which they can be deployed, their availability of open-source programming languages, and the objectivity permitted in their data analysis. We used classification-based algorithms, including random forest, gradient boosted machines, support vector machines, and neural networks, to test the hypothesis that the animal genotypes could be separated into their genotype based on interpretation of neurophysiological recordings. We then interrogate the models to identify what were the major features utilized by the algorithms to designate genotype classification. By using raw EEG and respiratory plethysmography data, we were able to predict which recordings came from genotype class with accuracies that were significantly improved relative to the no information rate, although EEG analyses showed more overlap between groups than respiratory plethysmography. In comparison, conventional methods where single features between animal classes were analyzed, differences between the genotypes tested using baseline neurophysiology measurements showed no statistical difference. However, ML/AI workflows successfully were capable of providing successful classification, indicating that interactions between features were different in these genotypes. ML/AI workflows provide new methodologies to interrogate neurophysiology data. However, their implementation must be done with care so as to provide high rigor and reproducibility between laboratories. We provide a series of recommendations on how to report the utilization of ML/AI workflows for the neurophysiology community.NEW & NOTEWORTHY ML/AI classification workflows are capable of providing insight into differences between genotypes for neurophysiology research. Analytical techniques utilized in the neurophysiology community can be augmented by implementing ML/AI workflows. Random forest is a robust classification algorithm for respiratory plethysmography data. Utilization of ML/AI workflows in neurophysiology research requires heightened transparency and improved community research standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita M Silva
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo
| | | | - Michele Joana Alves
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
| | - Diego Alzate Correa
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Genomics Shared Resource-Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Genomics Shared Resource-Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
| | - Ana C Takakura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo
| | - Thiago S Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo
| | - Catherine M Czeisler
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
| | - José Javier Otero
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
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9
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Li SB, Borniger JC, Yamaguchi H, Hédou J, Gaudilliere B, de Lecea L. Hypothalamic circuitry underlying stress-induced insomnia and peripheral immunosuppression. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/37/eabc2590. [PMID: 32917689 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The neural substrates of insomnia/hyperarousal induced by stress remain unknown. Here, we show that restraint stress leads to hyperarousal associated with strong activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (CRHPVN) and hypocretin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (HcrtLH). CRHPVN neurons directly innervate HcrtLH neurons, and optogenetic stimulation of LH-projecting CRHPVN neurons elicits hyperarousal. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockdown of the crh gene in CRHPVN neurons abolishes hyperarousal induced by stimulating LH-projecting CRHPVN neurons. Genetic ablation of Hcrt neurons or crh gene knockdown significantly counteracts restraint stress-induced hyperarousal. Single-cell mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) revealed extensive changes to immune cell distribution and functional responses in peripheral blood during hyperarousal upon optogenetic stimulation of CRHPVN neurons simulating stress-induced insomnia. Our findings suggest both central and peripheral systems are synergistically engaged in the response to stress via CRHPVN circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bin Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julien Hédou
- Department of Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brice Gaudilliere
- Department of Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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10
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Abstract
A hallmark of cancer is the disruption of cellular metabolism during the course of malignant growth. Major focus is now on how these cell-autonomous processes propagate to the tumor microenvironment and, more generally, to the entire host system. This chain of events can have major consequences for a patient's health and wellbeing. For example, metabolic "waste" produced by cancer cells activates systemic inflammatory responses, which can interfere with hepatic insulin receptor signaling and glucose homeostasis. Research is just now beginning to understand how these processes occur, and how they contribute to systemic symptoms prevalent across cancers, including hyperglycemia, fatigue, pain, and sleep disruption. Indeed, it is only recently that we have begun to appreciate that the brain does not play a passive role in responding to cancer-induced changes in physiology. In this review, we provide a brief discussion of how oncogene-directed metabolic reprogramming disrupts host metabolism, with a specific emphasis on cancer-induced hyperglycemia. We further discuss how the brain senses circulating glucose concentrations and how this process goes awry as a response to distant neoplastic growth. Finally, as glucose-sensing neurons control diverse aspects of physiology and behavior, we link cancer-induced changes in energy balance to neuroendocrine and behavioral consequences for the host organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan H Vasquez
- Department of Biology, University of Texas – San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Correspondence: Jeremy C. Borniger, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724. E-mail:
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11
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Walker WH, Borniger JC, Gaudier-Diaz MM, Meléndez-Fernández OH, Pascoe JL, DeVries AC, Nelson RJ. Acute exposure to low-level light at night is sufficient to induce neurological changes and depressive-like behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1080-1093. [PMID: 31138889 PMCID: PMC6881534 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The advent and wide-spread adoption of electric lighting over the past century has profoundly affected the circadian organization of physiology and behavior for many individuals in industrialized nations; electric lighting in homes, work environments, and public areas have extended daytime activities into the evening, thus, increasing night-time exposure to light. Although initially assumed to be innocuous, chronic exposure to light at night (LAN) is now associated with increased incidence of cancer, metabolic disorders, and affective problems in humans. However, little is known about potential acute effects of LAN. To determine whether acute exposure to low-level LAN alters brain function, adult male, and female mice were housed in either light days and dark nights (LD; 14 h of 150 lux:10 h of 0 lux) or light days and low level light at night (LAN; 14 h of 150 lux:10 h of 5 lux). Mice exposed to LAN on three consecutive nights increased depressive-like responses compared to mice housed in dark nights. In addition, female mice exposed to LAN increased central tendency in the open field. LAN was associated with reduced hippocampal vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in both male and female mice, as well as increased VEGFR1 and interleukin-1β mRNA expression in females, and reduced brain derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in males. Further, LAN significantly altered circadian rhythms (activity and temperature) and circadian gene expression in female and male mice, respectively. Altogether, this study demonstrates that acute exposure to LAN alters brain physiology and can be detrimental to well-being in otherwise healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Walker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Corresponding Author:, 108 Biomedical Road, BMRC Room 370, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Jeremy C. Borniger
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Monica M. Gaudier-Diaz
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - O. Hecmarie Meléndez-Fernández
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506
| | - Jordan L. Pascoe
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506
| | - A. Courtney DeVries
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506
| | - Randy J. Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506,Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506
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12
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Monje M, Borniger JC, D'Silva NJ, Deneen B, Dirks PB, Fattahi F, Frenette PS, Garzia L, Gutmann DH, Hanahan D, Hervey-Jumper SL, Hondermarck H, Hurov JB, Kepecs A, Knox SM, Lloyd AC, Magnon C, Saloman JL, Segal RA, Sloan EK, Sun X, Taylor MD, Tracey KJ, Trotman LC, Tuveson DA, Wang TC, White RA, Winkler F. Roadmap for the Emerging Field of Cancer Neuroscience. Cell 2020; 181:219-222. [PMID: 32302564 PMCID: PMC7286095 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that the nervous system plays a central role in cancer pathogenesis. In turn, cancers and cancer therapies can alter nervous system form and function. This Commentary seeks to describe the burgeoning field of "cancer neuroscience" and encourage multidisciplinary collaboration for the study of cancer-nervous system interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Monje
- Departments of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Pediatrics, Pathology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | | | - Nisha J D'Silva
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Division of Neurosurgery, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Departments of Surgery and Molecular Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Faranak Fattahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Livia Garzia
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center and Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Douglas Hanahan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shawn L Hervey-Jumper
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | | | - Adam Kepecs
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sarah M Knox
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alison C Lloyd
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Claire Magnon
- UMR1274 (Equipe Cancer et Microenvironnement-INSERM-CEA), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Paris, France
| | - Jami L Saloman
- Departments of Medicine and Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Rosalind A Segal
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erica K Sloan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Xin Sun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Division of Neurosurgery, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Departments of Surgery, Laboratory Medicine & Pathology and Medical Biophysics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Lloyd C Trotman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ruth A White
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, DKTK & Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Eban-Rothschild A, Borniger JC, Rothschild G, Giardino WJ, Morrow JG, de Lecea L. Arousal State-Dependent Alterations in VTA-GABAergic Neuronal Activity. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0356-19.2020. [PMID: 32054621 PMCID: PMC7218005 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0356-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have implicated the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in motivation, learning and reward processing. We and others recently demonstrated that it also serves as an important node in sleep/wake regulation. Specifically, VTA-dopaminergic neuron activation is sufficient to drive wakefulness and necessary for the maintenance of wakefulness. However, the role of VTA-GABAergic neurons in arousal regulation is not fully understood. It is still unclear whether VTA-GABAergic neurons predictably alter their activity across arousal states, what is the nature of interactions between VTA-GABAergic activity and cortical oscillations, and how activity in VTA-GABAergic neurons relates to VTA-dopaminergic neurons in the context of sleep/wake regulation. To address these, we simultaneously recorded population activity from VTA subpopulations and electroencephalography/electromyography (EEG/EMG) signals during spontaneous sleep/wake states and in the presence of salient stimuli in freely-behaving mice. We found that VTA-GABAergic neurons exhibit robust arousal-state-dependent alterations in population activity, with high activity and transients during wakefulness and REM sleep. During wakefulness, population activity of VTA-GABAergic neurons, but not VTA-dopaminergic neurons, was positively correlated with EEG γ power and negatively correlated with θ power. During NREM sleep, population activity in both VTA-GABAergic and VTA-dopaminergic neurons negatively correlated with δ, θ, and σ power bands. Salient stimuli, with both positive and negative valence, activated VTA-GABAergic neurons. Together, our data indicate that VTA-GABAergic neurons, like their dopaminergic counterparts, drastically alter their activity across sleep-wake states. Changes in their activity predicts cortical oscillatory patterns reflected in the EEG, which are distinct from EEG spectra associated with dopaminergic neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Eban-Rothschild
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Gideon Rothschild
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - William J Giardino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Joshua G Morrow
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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14
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Yin W, Borniger JC, Wang X, Maguire SM, Munselle ML, Bezner KS, Tesfamariam HM, Garcia AN, Hofmann HA, Nelson RJ, Gore AC. Estradiol treatment improves biological rhythms in a preclinical rat model of menopause. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 83:1-10. [PMID: 31585360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The perimenopausal transition at middle age is often associated with hot flashes and sleep disruptions, metabolic changes, and other symptoms. Whereas the mechanisms for these processes are incompletely understood, both aging (AG) and a loss of ovarian estrogens play contributing roles. Furthermore, the timing of when estradiol (E) treatment should commence and for how long are key clinical questions in the management of symptoms. Using a rat model of surgical menopause, we determined the effects of regimens of E treatment with differing time at onset and duration of treatment on diurnal rhythms of activity and core temperature and on food intake and body weight. Reproductively mature (MAT, ∼4 months) or AG (∼11 months) female rats were ovariectomized, implanted intraperitoneally with a telemetry device, and given either a vehicle (V) or E subcutaneous capsule implantation. Rats were remotely recorded for 10 days per month for 3 (MAT) or 6 (AG) months. To ascertain whether delayed onset of treatment affected rhythms, a subset of AG-V rats had their capsules switched to E at the end of 3 months. Another set of AG-E rats had their capsules removed at 3 months to determine whether beneficial effects of E would persist. Overall, activity and temperature mesor, robustness, and amplitude declined with AG. Compared to V treatment, E-treated rats showed (1) better maintenance of body weight and food intake; (2) higher, more consolidated activity and temperature rhythms; and (3) higher activity and temperature robustness and amplitude. In the AG arm of the study, switching treatment from V to E or E to V quickly reversed these patterns. Thus, the presence of E was the dominant factor in determining stability and amplitude of locomotor activity and temperature rhythms. As a whole, the results show benefits of E treatment, even with a delay, on biological rhythms and physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Yin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xutong Wang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sean M Maguire
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mercedes L Munselle
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kelsey S Bezner
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Haben M Tesfamariam
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra N Garcia
- Psychology Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Hans A Hofmann
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Psychology Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Sleep is essential for health. Indeed, poor sleep is consistently linked to the development of systemic disease, including depression, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive impairments. Further evidence has accumulated suggesting the role of sleep in cancer initiation and progression (primarily breast cancer). Indeed, patients with cancer and cancer survivors frequently experience poor sleep, manifesting as insomnia, circadian misalignment, hypersomnia, somnolence syndrome, hot flushes, and nightmares. These problems are associated with a reduction in the patients' quality of life and increased mortality. Due to the heterogeneity among cancers, treatment regimens, patient populations and lifestyle factors, the etiology of cancer-induced sleep disruption is largely unknown. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the pathways linking cancer and the brain and how this leads to altered sleep patterns. We describe a conceptual framework where tumors disrupt normal homeostatic processes, resulting in aberrant changes in physiology and behavior that are detrimental to health. Finally, we discuss how this knowledge can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic approaches for cancer-associated sleep disruption, with special emphasis on host-tumor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Walker
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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16
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Czeisler CM, Silva TM, Fair SR, Liu J, Tupal S, Kaya B, Cowgill A, Mahajan S, Silva PE, Wang Y, Blissett AR, Göksel M, Borniger JC, Zhang N, Fernandes‐Junior SA, Catacutan F, Alves MJ, Nelson RJ, Sundaresean V, Rekling J, Takakura AC, Moreira TS, Otero JJ. The role of PHOX2B-derived astrocytes in chemosensory control of breathing and sleep homeostasis. J Physiol 2019; 597:2225-2251. [PMID: 30707772 PMCID: PMC6462490 DOI: 10.1113/jp277082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The embryonic PHOX2B-progenitor domain generates neuronal and glial cells which together are involved in chemosensory control of breathing and sleep homeostasis. Ablating PHOX2B-derived astrocytes significantly contributes to secondary hypoxic respiratory depression as well as abnormalities in sleep homeostasis. PHOX2B-derived astrocyte ablation results in axonal pathologies in the retrotrapezoid nucleus. ABSTRACT We identify in mice a population of ∼800 retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) astrocytes derived from PHOX2B-positive, OLIG3-negative progenitor cells, that interact with PHOX2B-expressing RTN chemosensory neurons. PHOX2B-derived astrocyte ablation during early life results in adult-onset O2 chemoreflex deficiency. These animals also display changes in sleep homeostasis, including fragmented sleep and disturbances in delta power after sleep deprivation, all without observable changes in anxiety or social behaviours. Ultrastructural evaluation of the RTN demonstrates that PHOX2B-derived astrocyte ablation results in features characteristic of degenerative neuro-axonal dystrophy, including abnormally dilated axon terminals and increased amounts of synapses containing autophagic vacuoles/phagosomes. We conclude that PHOX2B-derived astrocytes are necessary for maintaining a functional O2 chemosensory reflex in the adult, modulate sleep homeostasis, and are key regulators of synaptic integrity in the RTN region, which is necessary for the chemosensory control of breathing. These data also highlight how defects in embryonic development may manifest as neurodegenerative pathology in an adult.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Talita M. Silva
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsInstitute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Summer R. Fair
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jillian Liu
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Srinivasan Tupal
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Behiye Kaya
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Aaron Cowgill
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Salil Mahajan
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Phelipe E. Silva
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsInstitute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
- The Ohio State University Mathematical Biosciences InstituteColumbusOHUSA
| | - Angela R. Blissett
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringThe Ohio State University College of EngineeringColumbusOHUSA
| | - Mustafa Göksel
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jeremy C. Borniger
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of NeuroscienceWest Virginia UniversityWVUSA
| | - Silvio A. Fernandes‐Junior
- The Ohio State University Campus Microscopy and Imaging FacilityColumbusOHUSA
- Department of PharmacologyInstitute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of São PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Fay Catacutan
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Michele J. Alves
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | | | - Vishnu Sundaresean
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jens Rekling
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ana C. Takakura
- Department of PharmacologyInstitute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of São PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Thiago S. Moreira
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsInstitute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - José J. Otero
- Department of PathologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
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17
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Abstract
Cancer is a systemic disease. In order to fully understand it, we must take a holistic view on how cancer interacts with its host. The brain monitors and responds to natural and aberrant signals arriving from the periphery, particularly those of metabolic or immune origin. As has been well described, a hallmark of cancer is marked disruption of metabolic and inflammatory processes. Depending on the salience and timing of these inputs, the brain responds via neural and humoral routes to alter whole-body physiology. These responses have consequences for tumor growth and metastasis, directly influencing patient quality of life and subsequent mortality. Additionally, environmental inputs such as light, diet, and stress, can promote inappropriate neural activity that benefits cancer. Here, I discuss evidence for brain-tumor interactions, with special emphasis on subcortical neuromodulator neural populations, and potential ways of harnessing this cross-talk as a novel approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, P154 MSLS Building, 1201 Welch Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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18
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Abstract
Immune signaling is known to regulate sleep. miR-155 is a microRNA that regulates immune responses. We hypothesized that miR-155 would alter sleep regulation. Thus, we investigated the potential effects of miR-155 deletion on sleep-wake behavior in adult female homozygous miR-155 knockout (miR-155KO) mice and littermate controls (WT). Mice were implanted with biotelemetry units and EEG/EMG biopotentials were recorded continuously for three baseline days. miR-155KO mice had decreased bouts of NREM and REM sleep compared with WT mice, but no differences were observed in the length of sleep bouts or total time spent in sleep-wake states. Locomotor activity and subcutaneous temperature did not differ between WT and miR-155KO mice. Following baseline recordings, mice were sleep-deprived during the first six hours of the rest phase (light phase; ZT 0-6) followed by an 18 h recovery period. There were no differences between groups in sleep rebound (% sleep and NREM δ power) after sleep deprivation. Following recovery from sleep deprivation, mice were challenged with a somnogen (viz., lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) one hour prior to the initiation of the dark (active) phase. Biopotentials were continuously recorded for the following 24 h, and miR-155KO mice displayed increased wakefulness and decreased NREM sleep during the dark phase following LPS injection. Additionally, miR-155KO mice had reduced EEG slow-wave responses (0.5-4 Hz) compared to WT mice. Together, our findings indicate that miR-155 deletion attenuates the somnogenic and EEG delta-enhancing effects of LPS. Abbreviations: ANOVA: analysis of variance; EEG: electroencephalogram; EMG: electromyogram; h: hour; IL-1: interleukin-1; IL-6: interleukin-6; IP: intra-peritoneal; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; miR/miRNA: microRNA; miR-155KO: miR-155 knockout; NREM: non-rapid eye movement; REM: rapid eye movement; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; SWS: slow-wave sleep; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi
- a Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- a Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA
| | - Kathryn L G Russart
- a Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- a Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA
| | - Ulysses J Magalang
- a Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA.,b Department of Medicine , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- a Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH USA
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19
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Borniger JC, Walker Ii WH, Surbhi, Emmer KM, Zhang N, Zalenski AA, Muscarella SL, Fitzgerald JA, Smith AN, Braam CJ, TinKai T, Magalang UJ, Lustberg MB, Nelson RJ, DeVries AC. A Role for Hypocretin/Orexin in Metabolic and Sleep Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Non-metastatic Breast Cancer. Cell Metab 2018; 28:118-129.e5. [PMID: 29805100 PMCID: PMC6031468 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated relationships among immune, metabolic, and sleep abnormalities in mice with non-metastatic mammary cancer. Tumor-bearing mice displayed interleukin-6 (IL-6)-mediated peripheral inflammation, coincident with altered hepatic glucose processing and sleep. Tumor-bearing mice were hyperphagic, had reduced serum leptin concentrations, and enhanced sensitivity to exogenous ghrelin. We tested whether these phenotypes were driven by inflammation using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against IL-6; despite the reduction in IL-6 signaling, metabolic and sleep abnormalities persisted. We next investigated neural populations coupling metabolism and sleep, and observed altered activity within lateral-hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin (HO) neurons. We used a dual HO-receptor antagonist to test whether increased HO signaling was causing metabolic abnormalities. This approach rescued metabolic abnormalities and enhanced sleep quality in tumor-bearing mice. Peripheral sympathetic denervation prevented tumor-induced increases in serum glucose. Our results link metabolic and sleep abnormalities via the HO system, and provide evidence that central neuromodulators contribute to tumor-induced changes in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - William H Walker Ii
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Surbhi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kathryn M Emmer
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventative Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Abigail A Zalenski
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stevie L Muscarella
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Julie A Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Alexandra N Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Cornelius J Braam
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tial TinKai
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ulysses J Magalang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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20
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Abstract
The lateral hypothalamus is comprised of a heterogeneous mix of neurons that serve to integrate and regulate sleep, feeding, stress, energy balance, reward, and motivated behavior. Within these populations, the hypocretin/orexin neurons are among the most well studied. Here, we provide an overview on how these neurons act as a central hub integrating sensory and physiological information to tune arousal and motivated behavior accordingly. We give special attention to their role in sleep-wake states and conditions of hyper-arousal, as is the case with stress-induced anxiety. We further discuss their roles in feeding, drug-seeking, and sexual behavior, which are all dependent on the motivational state of the animal. We further emphasize the application of powerful techniques, such as optogenetics, chemogenetics, and fiber photometry, to delineate the role these neurons play in lateral hypothalamic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Tyree
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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21
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Jarczok MN, Aguilar-Raab C, Koenig J, Kaess M, Borniger JC, Nelson RJ, Hall M, Ditzen B, Thayer JF, Fischer JE. The Heart´s rhythm 'n' blues: Sex differences in circadian variation patterns of vagal activity vary by depressive symptoms in predominantly healthy employees. Chronobiol Int 2018. [PMID: 29543518 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1439499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Successful regulation of emotional states is positively associated to mental health, while difficulties in regulating emotions are negatively associated to overall mental health and in particular associated with anxiety or depression symptoms. A key structure associated to socio-emotional regulatory processes is the central autonomic network. Activity in this structure is associated to vagal activity can be indexed noninvasively and simply by measures of peripheral cardiac autonomic modulations such as heart rate variability. Vagal activity exhibits a circadian variation pattern, with a maximum during nighttime. Depression is known to affect chronobiology. Also, depressive symptoms are known to be associated with decreased resting state vagal activity, but studies investigating the association between circadian variation pattern of vagal activity and depressive symptoms are scarce. We aim to examine these patterns in association to symptom severity of depression using chronobiologic methods. METHODS Data from the Manheim Industrial Cohort Studies (MICS) were used. A total of 3,030 predominantly healthy working adults underwent, among others, ambulatory 24-h hear rate-recordings, detailed health examination and online questionnaires and were available for this analysis. The root mean sum of successive differences (RMSSD) was used as an indicator of vagally mediated heart rate variability. Three individual-level cosine function parameters (MESOR, amplitude, acrophase) were estimated to quantify circadian variation pattern. Multivariate linear regression models including important covariates such as age, sex, and lifestyle factors as well as an interaction effect of sex with depressive symptoms were used to estimate the association of circadian variation pattern of vagal activity with depressive symptoms simultaneously. RESULTS The analysis sample consisted of 20.2% females and an average age 41 with standard deviation of 11 years. Nonparametric bivariate analysis revealed significant MESOR and amplitude differences between the 90th percentile split, but not on acrophase. Multivariate linear regression models estimated depressive symptoms to be negatively associated with the 24h mean (MESOR) and oscillation amplitude in men but positively associated in women. This pattern of findings indicates a blunted day-night rhythm of vagal activity in men with greater depressive symptoms as well as a moderation effect of sex in the association of CVP and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study investigating circadian variation pattern by mild depressive symptoms in a large, rather healthy occupational sample. Depressive symptoms were associated with decreased circadian variation pattern of vagal activity in men but with increased circadian variation pattern in women. The possible underlying mechanism(s) are discussed using the neurovisceral integration model. These findings may have implications for the knowledge on etiology, diagnosis, course, and treatment of depressive symptoms and thus may be of significant public health relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc N Jarczok
- a Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany.,b Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy , Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm , Germany
| | - Corina Aguilar-Raab
- a Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Julian Koenig
- c Section for Translational Psychobiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany.,d University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Michael Kaess
- c Section for Translational Psychobiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany.,d University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- e Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , Stanford University School of Medicine , CA , USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- f Department of Neuroscience , The Ohio State University Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Martica Hall
- g Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Beate Ditzen
- a Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Julian F Thayer
- h Department of Psychology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Joachim E Fischer
- i Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical School Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Germany
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Borniger JC, Ungerleider K, Zhang N, Karelina K, Magalang UJ, Weil ZM. Repetitive Brain Injury of Juvenile Mice Impairs Environmental Enrichment-Induced Modulation of REM Sleep in Adulthood. Neuroscience 2018; 375:74-83. [PMID: 29432885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a common and costly ongoing public health concern. Injuries that occur during childhood development can have particularly profound and long-lasting effects. One common consequence and potential mediator of negative outcomes of TBI is sleep disruption which occurs in a substantial proportion of TBI patients. These individuals report greater incidences of insomnia and sleep fragmentation combined with a greater overall sleep requirement meaning that many patients are chronically sleep-deprived. We sought to develop an animal model of developmental TBI-induced sleep dysfunction. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that early (postnatal day 21), repeated closed head injuries in Swiss-Webster mice, would impair basal and homeostatic sleep responses in adulthood. Further, we asked whether environmental enrichment (EE), a manipulation that improves functional recovery following TBI and has been shown to alter sleep physiology, would prevent TBI-induced sleep dysfunction and alter sleep-modulatory peptide expression. In contrast to our hypothesis, the mild, repeated head injury that we used did not significantly alter basal or homeostatic sleep responses in mice housed in standard laboratory conditions. Sham-injured mice housed in enriched environments exhibited enhanced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and expression of the REM-promoting peptide pro-melanin-concentrating hormone, an effect that was not apparent in TBI mice housed in enriched environments. Thus, TBI blocked the REM-enhancing effects of EE. This work has important implications for the management and rehabilitation of the TBI patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kyra Ungerleider
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kate Karelina
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ulysses J Magalang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zachary M Weil
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Cissé YM, Borniger JC, Lemanski E, Walker WH, Nelson RJ. Time-Restricted Feeding Alters the Innate Immune Response to Bacterial Endotoxin. J Immunol 2017; 200:681-687. [PMID: 29203514 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An important entraining signal for the endogenous circadian clock, independent of light, is food intake. The circadian and immune systems are linked; forced desynchrony of the circadian clock via nighttime light exposure or genetic ablation of core clock components impairs immune function. The timing of food intake affects various aspects of the circadian clock, but its effects on immune function are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that temporal desynchrony of food intake alters innate immune responses. Adult male Swiss Webster mice were provided with food during the night, the day, or ad libitum for 4 wk, followed by administration of LPS prior to the onset of either the active phase (zeitgeber time [ZT]12: Experiment 1) or the inactive phase (ZT0: Experiment 2). Three hours after LPS administration, blood was collected, and serum was tested for bacteria-killing capacity against Escherichia coli, as a functional assay of immune function. Additionally, cytokine expression was examined in the serum (protein), spleen, and hypothalamus (mRNA). Day-fed mice suppressed bacteria-killing capacity and serum cytokine responses to LPS during the active phase (ZT12). Night-fed mice increased bactericidal capacity, as well as serum and hypothalamic mRNA responses of certain proinflammatory cytokines during the active phase. Only day-fed mice enhanced serum cytokine responses when LPS challenge occurred during the inactive phase (ZT0); this did not result in enhanced bactericidal capacity. These data suggest that mistimed feeding has functional relevance for immune function and provide further evidence for the integration of the circadian, metabolic, and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine M Cissé
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Elise Lemanski
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - William H Walker
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Walker Ii WH, Borniger JC, Surbhi, Zalenski AA, Muscarella SL, Fitzgerald JA, Zhang N, Gaudier-Diaz MM, DeVries AC. Mammary Tumors Induce Central Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Expression, but Not Behavioral Deficits in Balb/C Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8152. [PMID: 28811490 PMCID: PMC5557981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer survivors are more likely to develop mood disorders and cognitive deficits than women in the general population. Previous studies suggest that peripheral tumors elicit central pro-inflammatory cytokine production, in turn leading to depression and cognitive deficits. In the current study, two cohorts of female Balb/C mice received bilateral orthotopic injections of syngeneic 67NR, 4T07, or 4T1cells (1 × 105 cells per injection) to induce mammary tumors. Approximately three weeks later, learned fear (via fear conditioning) or depressive-like behavior (via tail suspension and forced swim test) was assessed. Proinflammatory cytokine levels were increased in the serum (IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ) and livers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα) of mice with 4T07 or 4T1 tumors compared to 67NR tumors and the vehicle control. IL-1β was increased in both the hippocampus and cortex of mice injected with 4T07 or 4T1 cell lines relative to the other treatment groups. However, mammary tumors had no effect on hippocampal doublecortin + and did not alter depressive-like behavior or learned fear. These data demonstrate that similarly sized tumors can produce differential immune responses and that tumor-induced central pro-inflammatory cytokine production can exist in the absence of depressive-like behavior or cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Walker Ii
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Surbhi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Abigail A Zalenski
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Stevie L Muscarella
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Julie A Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Monica M Gaudier-Diaz
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Abstract
The long-term consequences of early life nicotine exposure are poorly defined. Approximately 8-10% of women report smoking during pregnancy, and this may promote aberrant development in the offspring. To this end, we investigated potential enduring effects of perinatal nicotine exposure on murine sleep and affective behaviors in adulthood (~13-15 wk of age) in C57Bl6j mice. Mothers received a water bottle containing 200 µg/ml nicotine bitartrate dihydrate in 2% wt/vol saccharin or pH-matched 2% saccharin with 0.2% (vol/vol) tartaric acid throughout pregnancy and before weaning. Upon reaching adulthood, offspring were tested in the open field and elevated plus maze, as well as the forced swim and sucrose anhedonia tests. Nicotine-exposed male (but not female) mice had reduced mobility in the open field, but no differences were observed in anxiety-like or depressive-like responses. Upon observing this male-specific phenotype, we further assessed sleep-wake states via wireless EEG/EMG telemetry. Following baseline recording, we assessed whether mice exposed to nicotine altered their homeostatic response to 5 h of total sleep deprivation and whether nicotine influenced responses to a powerful somnogen [i.e., lipopolysaccharides (LPS)]. Males exposed to perinatal nicotine decreased the percent time spent awake and increased time in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, without changes to REM sleep. Nicotine-exposed males also displayed exaggerated responses (increased time asleep and NREM spectral power) to sleep deprivation. Nicotine-exposed animals additionally had blunted EEG slow-wave responses to LPS administration. Together, our data suggest that perinatal nicotine exposure has long-lasting effects on normal sleep and homeostatic sleep processes into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Reuben F Don
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - R Thomas Boyd
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Borniger JC, Cisse YM, Surbhi, Nelson RJ. Reciprocal Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Immune Function. Curr Sleep Medicine Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
The increasing use of electric lights has modified the natural light environment dramatically, posing novel challenges to both humans and wildlife. Indeed, several biomedical studies have linked artificial light at night to the disruption of circadian rhythms, with important consequences for human health, such as the increasing occurrence of metabolic syndromes, cancer and reduced immunity. In wild animals, light pollution is associated with changes in circadian behaviour, reproduction and predator-prey interactions, but we know little about the underlying physiological mechanisms and whether wild species suffer the same health problems as humans. In order to fill this gap, we advocate the need for integrating ecological studies in the field, with chronobiological approaches to identify and characterize pathways that may link temporal disruption caused by light at night and potential health and fitness consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide M Dominoni
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Borniger JC, Cissé YM, Gaudier-Diaz MM, Walker II WH. Commentary: Anxiety- and Depression-like States Lead to Pronounced Olfactory Deficits and Impaired Adult Neurogenesis in Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:130. [PMID: 27445039 PMCID: PMC4919325 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Borniger JC, Nelson RJ. Photoperiodic regulation of behavior: Peromyscus as a model system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 61:82-91. [PMID: 27346738 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Winter and summer present vastly different challenges to animals living outside of the tropics. To survive and reproduce, individuals must anticipate seasonal environmental changes and adjust physiology and behavior accordingly. Photoperiod (day length) offers a relatively 'noise free' environmental signal that non-tropical animals use to tell the time of year, and whether winter is approaching or receding. In some cases, photoperiodic signals may be fine-tuned by other proximate cues such as food availability or temperature. The pineal hormone, melatonin, is a primary physiological transducer of the photoperiodic signal. It tracks night length and provokes changes in physiology and behavior at appropriate times of the year. Because of their wide latitudinal distribution, Peromyscus has been well studied in the context of photoperiodic regulation of physiology and behavior. Here, we discuss how photoperiodic signals are transduced by pineal melatonin, how melatonin acts on target tissues, and subsequent consequences for behavior. Using a life-history paradigm involving trade-offs between the immune and reproductive systems, specific emphasis is placed on aggression, metabolism, and cognition. We discuss future directions including examining the effects of light pollution on photoperiodism, genetic manipulations to test the role of specific genes in the photoperiodic response, and using Peromyscus to test evolutionary theories of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, and Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, and Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Borniger JC, Cissé YM, Cantemir-Stone CZ, Bolon B, Nelson RJ, Marsh CB. Corrigendum to “Behavioral abnormalities in mice lacking mesenchyme-specific Pten” [Behav. Brain Res. 304 (2016) 80–85]. Behav Brain Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Borniger JC, Cissé YM, Cantemir-Stone CZ, Bolon B, Nelson RJ, Marsh CB. Behavioral abnormalities in mice lacking mesenchyme-specific Pten. Behav Brain Res 2016; 304:80-5. [PMID: 26876012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) is a negative regulator of cell proliferation and growth. Using a Cre-recombinase approach with Lox sequences flanking the fibroblast-specific protein 1 (Fsp1 aka S100A4; a mesenchymal marker), we probed sites of expression using a β-galactosidase Rosa26(LoxP) reporter allele; the transgene driving deletion of Pten (exons 4-5) was found throughout the brain parenchyma and pituitary, suggesting that deletion of Pten in Fsp1-positive cells may influence behavior. Because CNS-specific deletion of Pten influences social and anxiety-like behaviors and S100A4 is expressed in astrocytes, we predicted that loss of Pten in Fsp1-expressing cells would result in deficits in social interaction and increased anxiety. We further predicted that environmental enrichment would compensate for genetic deficits in these behaviors. We conducted a battery of behavioral assays on Fsp1-Cre;Pten(LoxP/LoxP) male and female homozygous knockouts (Pten(-/-)) and compared their behavior to Pten(LoxP/LoxP) (Pten(+/+)) conspecifics. Despite extensive physical differences (including reduced hippocampal size) and deficits in sensorimotor function, Pten(-/-) mice behaved remarkably similar to control mice on nearly all behavioral tasks. These results suggest that the social and anxiety-like phenotypes observed in CNS-specific Pten(-/-) mice may depend on neuronal Pten, as lack of Pten in Fsp1-expressing cells of the CNS had little effect on these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience and the Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Yasmine M Cissé
- Department of Neuroscience and the Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Carmen Z Cantemir-Stone
- Department of Neuroscience and the Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brad Bolon
- Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource. Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience and the Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Clay B Marsh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Jeremy C. Borniger is a Ph.D. candidate in the neuroscience program at Ohio State University, Columbus. Send your story to
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Borniger JC, Gaudier-Diaz MM, Zhang N, Nelson RJ, DeVries AC. Cytotoxic chemotherapy increases sleep and sleep fragmentation in non-tumor-bearing mice. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 47:218-27. [PMID: 25449581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disruption ranks among the most common complaints of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Because of the complex interactions among cancer, treatment regimens, and life-history traits, studies to establish a causal link between chemotherapy and sleep disruption are uncommon. To investigate how chemotherapy acutely influences sleep, adult female c57bl/6 mice were ovariectomized and implanted with wireless biotelemetry units. EEG/EMG biopotentials were collected over the course of 3days pre- and post-injection of 13.5mg/kg doxorubicin and 135mg/kg cyclophosphamide or the vehicle. We predicted that cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin would disrupt sleep and increase central proinflammatory cytokine expression in brain areas that govern vigilance states (i.e., hypothalamus and brainstem). The results largely support these predictions; a single chemotherapy injection increased NREM and REM sleep during subsequent active (dark) phases; this induced sleep was fragmented and of low quality. Mice displayed marked increases in low theta (5-7Hz) to high theta (7-10Hz) ratios following chemotherapy treatment, indicating elevated sleep propensity. The effect was strongest during the first dark phase following injection, but mice displayed disrupted sleep for the entire 3-day duration of post-injection sleep recording. Vigilance state timing was not influenced by treatment, suggesting that acute chemotherapy administration alters sleep homeostasis without altering sleep timing. qPCR analysis revealed that disrupted sleep was accompanied by increased IL-6 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Together, these data implicate neuroinflammation as a potential contributor to sleep disruption after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Monica M Gaudier-Diaz
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Weil ZM, Borniger JC, Cisse YM, Abi Salloum BA, Nelson RJ. Neuroendocrine control of photoperiodic changes in immune function. Front Neuroendocrinol 2015; 37:108-18. [PMID: 25456047 PMCID: PMC4402123 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal variation in immune function putatively maximizes survival and reproductive success. Day length (photoperiod) is the most potent signal for time of year. Animals typically organize breeding, growth, and behavior to adapt to spatial and temporal niches. Outside the tropics individuals monitor photoperiod to support adaptations favoring survival and reproductive success. Changes in day length allow anticipation of seasonal changes in temperature and food availability that are critical for reproductive success. Immune function is typically bolstered during winter, whereas reproduction and growth are favored during summer. We provide an overview of how photoperiod influences neuronal function and melatonin secretion, how melatonin acts directly and indirectly to govern seasonal changes in immune function, and the manner by which other neuroendocrine effectors such as glucocorticoids, prolactin, thyroid, and sex steroid hormones modulate seasonal variations in immune function. Potential future research avenues include commensal gut microbiota and light pollution influences on photoperiodic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Weil
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yasmine M Cisse
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bachir A Abi Salloum
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Borniger JC, Maurya SK, Periasamy M, Nelson RJ. Acute dim light at night increases body mass, alters metabolism, and shifts core body temperature circadian rhythms. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:917-25. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.926911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Artificial nighttime illumination has recently become commonplace throughout the world; however, in common with other animals, humans have not evolved in the ecological context of chronic light at night. With prevailing evidence linking the circadian, endocrine, immune, and metabolic systems, understanding these relationships is important to understanding the etiology and progression of several diseases. To eliminate the covariate of sleep disruption in light at night studies, researchers often use nocturnal animals. However, the assumption that light at night does not affect sleep in nocturnal animals remains unspecified. To test the effects of light at night on sleep, we maintained Swiss-Webster mice in standard light/dark (LD) or dim light at night (DLAN) conditions for 8-10 wks and then measured electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) biopotentials via wireless telemetry over the course of two consecutive days to determine differences in sleep timing and homeostasis. Results show no statistical differences in total percent time, number of episodes, maximum or average episode durations in wake, slow-wave sleep (SWS), or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. No differences were evident in SWS delta power, an index of sleep drive, between groups. Mice kept in DLAN conditions showed a relative increase in REM sleep during the first few hours after the dark/light transition. Both groups displayed normal 24-h circadian rhythms as measured by voluntary running wheel activity. Groups did not differ in body mass, but a marked negative correlation of body mass with percent time spent awake and a positive correlation of body mass with time spent in SWS was evident. Elevated body mass was also associated with shorter maximum wake episode durations, indicating heavier animals had more trouble remaining in the wake vigilance state for extended periods of time. Body mass did not correlate with activity levels, nor did activity levels correlate with time spent in different sleep states. These data indicate that heavier animals tend to sleep more, potentially contributing to further weight gain. We conclude that chronic DLAN exposure does not significantly affect sleep timing or homeostasis in mice, supporting the use of dim light with nocturnal rodents in chronobiology research to eliminate the possible covariate of sleep disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Borniger
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Borniger JC, Chaudhry A, Muehlenbein MP. Relationships among musical aptitude, digit ratio and testosterone in men and women. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57637. [PMID: 23520475 PMCID: PMC3592910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating adult testosterone levels, digit ratio (length of the second finger relative to the fourth finger), and directional asymmetry in digit ratio are considered sexually dimorphic traits in humans. These have been related to spatial abilities in men and women, and because similar brain structures appear to be involved in both spatial and musical abilities, neuroendocrine function may be related to musical as well as spatial cognition. To evaluate relationships among testosterone and musical ability in men and women, saliva samples were collected, testosterone concentrations assessed, and digit ratios calculated using standardized protocols in a sample of university students (N = 61), including both music and non-music majors. Results of Spearman correlations suggest that digit ratio and testosterone levels are statistically related to musical aptitude and performance only within the female sample: A) those females with greater self-reported history of exposure to music (p = 0.016) and instrument proficiency (p = 0.040) scored higher on the Advanced Measures of Music Audiation test, B) those females with higher left hand digit ratio (and perhaps lower fetal testosterone levels) were more highly ranked (p = 0.007) in the orchestra, C) female music students exhibited a trend (p = 0.082) towards higher testosterone levels compared to female non-music students, and D) female music students with higher rank in the orchestra/band had higher testosterone levels (p = 0.003) than lower ranked students. None of these relationships were significant in the male sample, although a lack of statistical power may be one cause. The effects of testosterone are likely a small part of a poorly understood system of biological and environmental stimuli that contribute to musical aptitude. Hormones may play some role in modulating the phenotype of musical ability, and this may be the case for females more so than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C. Borniger
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Adeel Chaudhry
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Muehlenbein
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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