1
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Hadzimustafic N, D’Elia A, Shamoun V, Haykal S. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1863. [PMID: 38339142 PMCID: PMC10855589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of plastic and reconstructive surgery is restoring form and function. Historically, tissue procured from healthy portions of a patient's body has been used to fill defects, but this is limited by tissue availability. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are stem cells derived from the de-differentiation of mature somatic cells. hiPSCs are of particular interest in plastic surgery as they have the capacity to be re-differentiated into more mature cells, and cultured to grow tissues. This review aims to evaluate the applications of hiPSCs in the plastic surgery context, with a focus on recent advances and limitations. The use of hiPSCs and non-human iPSCs has been researched in the context of skin, nerve, vasculature, skeletal muscle, cartilage, and bone regeneration. hiPSCs offer a future for regenerated autologous skin grafts, flaps comprised of various tissue types, and whole functional units such as the face and limbs. Also, they can be used to model diseases affecting tissues of interest in plastic surgery, such as skin cancers, epidermolysis bullosa, and scleroderma. Tumorigenicity, immunogenicity and pragmatism still pose significant limitations. Further research is required to identify appropriate somatic origin and induction techniques to harness the epigenetic memory of hiPSCs or identify methods to manipulate epigenetic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hadzimustafic
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (N.H.); (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Andrew D’Elia
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (N.H.); (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Valentina Shamoun
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (N.H.); (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Siba Haykal
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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2
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Barbachowska A, Korzeniowski T, Surowiecka A, Strużyna J. Alloplastic Epidermal Skin Substitute in the Treatment of Burns. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:43. [PMID: 38255658 PMCID: PMC10821452 DOI: 10.3390/life14010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The goal of burn wound treatment is to ensure rapid epithelialization in superficial burns and the process of rebuilding the lost skin in deep burns. Topical treatment plays an important role. One of the innovations in the field of synthetic materials dedicated to the treatment of burns is epidermal skin substitutes. Since the introduction of Suprathel®, the alloplastic epidermal substitute, many research results have been published in which the authors investigated the properties and use of this substitute in the treatment of wounds of various origins, including burn wounds. Burn wounds cause both physical and psychological discomfort, which is why ensuring comfort during treatment is extremely important. Alloplastic epidermal substitute, due to its biodegradability, plasticity, no need to remove the dressing until healing, and the associated reduction in pain, is an alternative for treating burns, especially in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Barbachowska
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, 21-010 Lęczna, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.); (J.S.)
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Burn Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Korzeniowski
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, 21-010 Lęczna, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.); (J.S.)
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Burn Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Surowiecka
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, 21-010 Lęczna, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.); (J.S.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Microsurgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Strużyna
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, 21-010 Lęczna, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.); (J.S.)
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Burn Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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3
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Aronowitz JA, Oheb D, Cai N, Pekcan A, Winterhalter B, Clayton J. Esthetic Surgery Applications for Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-75517-1_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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4
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Surowiecka A, Chrapusta A, Klimeczek-Chrapusta M, Korzeniowski T, Drukała J, Strużyna J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Burn Wound Management. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315339. [PMID: 36499664 PMCID: PMC9737138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have a known regenerative potential and are used in many indications. They secrete many growth factors, including for fibroblasts (FGF), endothelium (VEGF), as well as 14 anti-inflammatory cytokines, and they stimulate tissue regeneration, promoting the secretion of proteins and glycosaminoglycans of extracellular matrices, such as collagen I, II, III, and V, elastin, and also metalloproteinases. They secrete exosomes that contain proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and enzymes. In addition, they show the activity of inactivating free radicals. The aim of this study was an attempt to collect the existing literature on the use of stem cells in the treatment of a burn wound. There were 81 studies included in the analysis. The studies differed in terms of the design, burn wound model, source of stem cells, and methods of cellular therapy application. No major side effects were reported, and cellular therapy reduced the healing time of the burn wound. Few case reports on human models did not report any serious adverse events. However, due to the heterogeneity of the evidence, cellular therapy in burn wound treatment remains an experimental method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Surowiecka
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 21-010 Leczna, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Chrapusta
- Malopolska Burn and Plastic Surgery Center, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital in Krakow, 31-826 Cracow, Poland
| | - Maria Klimeczek-Chrapusta
- Malopolska Burn and Plastic Surgery Center, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital in Krakow, 31-826 Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Korzeniowski
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 21-010 Leczna, Poland
- Chair and Department of Didactics and Medical Simulation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Drukała
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 31-826 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Strużyna
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 21-010 Leczna, Poland
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery and Burn Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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5
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Ebrahimi A, Ahmadi H, Ghasrodashti ZP, Tanideh N, Shahriarirad R, Erfani A, Ranjbar K, Ashkani-Esfahani S. Therapeutic effects of stem cells in different body systems, a novel method that is yet to gain trust: A comprehensive review. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2021; 21:672-701. [PMID: 34255619 PMCID: PMC8554700 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2021.5508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been used to treat several types of diseases, and it is expected that its therapeutic uses shall increase as novel lines of evidence begin to appear. Furthermore, stem cells have the potential to make new tissues and organs. Thus, some scientists propose that organ transplantation will significantly rely on stem cell technology and organogenesis in the future. Stem cells and its robust potential to differentiate into specific types of cells and regenerate tissues and body organs, have been investigated by numerous clinician scientists and researchers for their therapeutic effects. Degenerative diseases in different organs have been the main target of stem cell therapy. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis, congenital cardiovascular diseases, and blood cell diseases such as leukemia are among the health conditions that have benefited from stem cell therapy advancements. One of the most challenging parts of the process of incorporating stem cells into clinical practice is controlling their division and differentiation potentials. Sometimes, their potential for uncontrolled growth will make these cells tumorigenic. Another caveat in this process is the ability to control the differentiation process. While stem cells can easily differentiate into a wide variety of cells, a paracrine effect controlled activity, being in an appropriate medium will cause abnormal differentiation leading to treatment failure. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the therapeutic effects of stem cells in diseases of various organ systems. In order to advance this new treatment to its full potential, researchers should focus on establishing methods to control the differentiation process, while policymakers should take an active role in providing adequate facilities and equipment for these projects. Large population clinical trials are a necessary tool that will help build trust in this method. Moreover, improving social awareness about the advantages and adverse effects of stem cell therapy is required to develop a rational demand in the society, and consequently, healthcare systems should consider established stem cell-based therapeutic methods in their treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hanie Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Pourfraidon Ghasrodashti
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Shahriarirad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Erfani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Keivan Ranjbar
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Abdul Kareem N, Aijaz A, Jeschke MG. Stem Cell Therapy for Burns: Story so Far. Biologics 2021; 15:379-397. [PMID: 34511880 PMCID: PMC8418374 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s259124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Burn injuries affect approximately 11 million people annually, with fatalities amounting up to 180,000. Burn injuries constitute a global health issue associated with high morbidity and mortality. Recent years have seen advancements in regenerative medicine for burn wound healing encompassing stem cells and stem cell-derived products such as exosomes and conditioned media with promising results compared to current treatment approaches. Sources of stem cells used for treatment vary ranging from hair follicle stem cells, embryonic stem cells, umbilical cord stem cells, to mesenchymal stem cells, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and even stem cells harvested from discarded burn tissue. Stem cells utilize various pathways for wound healing, such as PI3/AKT pathway, WNT-β catenin pathway, TGF-β pathway, Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathway. Due to the paracrine signaling mechanism of stem cells, exosomes and conditioned media derived from stem cells have also been utilized in burn wound therapy. As exosomes and conditioned media are cell-free therapy and contain various biomolecules that facilitate wound healing, they are gaining popularity as an alternative treatment strategy with significant improvement in outcomes. The treatment is provided either as direct injections or embedded in a natural/artificial scaffold. This paper reviews in detail the different sources of stem cells, stem cell-derived products, their efficacy in burn wound repair, associated signaling pathways and modes of delivery for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayesha Aijaz
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marc G Jeschke
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Wu Z, Zhu M, Mou XX, Ye L. Overexpressing of caveolin-1 in mesenchymal stem cells promotes deep second-degree burn wound healing. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 131:341-347. [PMID: 33423964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Burn injury is one of the most common physical injuries in clinic. It is a big challenge to find an ideal treatment for burn injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as a promising candidate for wound healing. However, it is critical to improve the therapeutic efficiency of MSCs for treatment of burn injury. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of caveolin-1, the main component of the caveolae plasma membranes, promoted the proliferation of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, transplantation of MSCs overexpressing caveolin-1 facilitated the expression of various growth factors and immunoregulatory cytokines and accelerated deep second-degree burn wound healing in a rat model of burn injury. Our results suggest that overexpression of caveolin-1 can improve the therapeutic efficiency of MSCs, which may be a promising strategy for the treatment of deep second-degree burn injury in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou 317000, China; Department of Burn, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Burn, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Mou
- Department of Burn, First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Liyue Ye
- Department of Burn, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, China.
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8
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Saldanha-Araujo F, Melgaço Garcez E, Silva-Carvalho AE, Carvalho JL. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Piece in the Puzzle of COVID-19 Treatment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1563. [PMID: 32719683 PMCID: PMC7347794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a disease characterized by a strong inflammatory response in severe cases, which fails to respond to corticosteroid therapy. In the context of the current COVID-19 outbreak and the critical information gaps regarding the disease, several different therapeutic strategies are under investigation, including the use of stem cells. In the present manuscript, we provide an analysis of the rationale underlying the application of stem cells to manage COVID-19, and also a comprehensive compendium of the 69 clinical trials underway worldwide aiming to investigate the application of stem cells to treat COVID-19. Even though data are still scarce, it is already possible to observe the protagonism of China in testing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for COVID-19. Furthermore, it is possible to determine that current efforts focus on the use of multiple infusions of high numbers of stem cells and derived products, as well as to acknowledge the positive results obtained by independent groups who publicized the therapeutic benefits provided by such therapies in 51 COVID-19 patients. In such a rapid-paced field, up-to-date systematic studies and meta-analysis will aid the scientific community to separate hype from hope and offer an unbiased position to the society and governments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Hematology and Stem Cells Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Emãnuella Melgaço Garcez
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
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9
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Alatyyat SM, Alasmari HM, Aleid OA, Abdel-Maksoud MS, Elsherbiny N. Umbilical cord stem cells: Background, processing and applications. Tissue Cell 2020; 65:101351. [PMID: 32746993 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have currently gained attention in the field of medicine not only due to their ability to repair dysfunctional or damaged cells, but also they could be used as drug delivery system after being engineered to do so. Human umbilical cord is attractive source for autologous and allogenic stem cells that are currently amenable to treatment of various diseases. Human umbilical cord stem cells are -in contrast to embryonic and fetal stem cells- ethically noncontroversial, inexpensive and readily available source of cells. Umbilical cord, umbilical cord vein, amnion/placenta and Wharton's jelly are all rich of many types of multipotent stem cell populations capable of forming many different cell types. This review will focus on umbilical cord stem cells processing and current application in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumukh M Alatyyat
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houton M Alasmari
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omamah A Aleid
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehal Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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10
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Curtis BJ, Shults JA, Boe DM, Ramirez L, Kovacs EJ. Mesenchymal stem cell treatment attenuates liver and lung inflammation after ethanol intoxication and burn injury. Alcohol 2019; 80:139-148. [PMID: 30217504 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous burn injury is one of the most devastating injuries one can obtain, with tissue damage extending beyond the skin wound to distal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and lungs. Multiple organ failure is a leading cause of death after burn injury, resulting in excessive systemic and localized inflammation directly contributing to end organ damage. We postulated that the gut-liver-lung inflammatory axis underscores multiple organ failure in the context of burn injury and is hyper-activated when ethanol intoxication precedes burn. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regenerative and anti-inflammatory, and MSC treatment has been shown to be beneficial in several immune disorders and injury models. Our objective was to determine whether intravenous infusion of exogenous bone marrow-derived MSCs could reduce post-burn and intoxication pulmonary, hepatic, and systemic inflammation. Vehicle- or ethanol- (1.6 g/kg) treated mice were subjected to sham or 15% total body surface area scald burn. One hour post-injury, mice were given 5 × 105 CFSE-labeled MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline intravenously (i.v.) and were euthanized 24 h later. We assessed circulating biomarkers of inflammation and liver damage, measured cytokine and chemokine production, and quantified apoptosis in lung and liver tissue. Compared to intoxicated and burned mice, those treated with MSCs had less cellularity, limited apoptosis, and a slight reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the neutrophil chemokine, KC (CXCL1) in lung tissue. Mice with MSCs treatment had more dramatic anti-inflammatory effects on systemic and hepatic inflammation, as serum IL-6 levels were diminished by 43%, and il6 and kc expression in liver tissue were markedly reduced, as were biomarkers of liver damage, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (AST), compared with intoxicated and burned mice. Taken together, our results suggest intravenous MSCs treatment can diminish systemic inflammation, lessen hepatic damage, and decrease liver and lung apoptosis and inflammation, indicating MSCs as a novel therapy for restoring homeostasis of multiple organ systems in intoxicated burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Curtis
- Burn Research and Alcohol Research Programs, Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jill A Shults
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Campus, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Devin M Boe
- Burn Research and Alcohol Research Programs, Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Luis Ramirez
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Campus, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Burn Research and Alcohol Research Programs, Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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11
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Nazempour M, Mehrabani D, Mehdinavaz-Aghdam R, Hashemi SS, Derakhshanfar A, Zare S, Zardosht M, Moayedi J, Vahedi M. The effect of allogenic human Wharton's jelly stem cells seeded onto acellular dermal matrix in healing of rat burn wounds. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:995-1001. [PMID: 31556227 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various methods were introduced to overcome the autograft shortage in burn wound care, including cell transplantation and tissue engineering. AIMS To evaluate the healing effect of allogenic human Wharton's jelly stem cells (hWJSCs) seeded onto acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in rat burn injuries. PATIENTS AND METHODS Human Wharton's jelly stem cells provided from umbilical cord tissue were characterized before transplantation, and the growth kinetic was determined. Skin samples from cosmetic surgeries were used for preparation of ADM. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups. Third-degree burn was induced for all animals by exposing to hot water using a 2 cm ring for 10 seconds. Group 1 was burned rats that did not receive any treatment. After burn injury, the second group received silver sulfadiazine (SSD), the third group was treated just by using ADM, and the fourth group received 2 × 106 hWJSCs seeded onto ADM. The animals were euthanized for histologic evaluation after 7, 14, and 21 days. RESULTS Human Wharton's jelly stem cells were characterized to be spindle shape and positive for osteogenic and adipogenic induction and for mesenchymal markers but lacked hematopoietic markers. Population doubling time (PDT) was 40.1 hours with an increasing growth trend until day 6th. Macro- and microscopically, the healing was mild in ADM group and moderate in ADM + hWJSCs group after 21 days. CONCLUSION Allogenic hWJSCs seeded onto ADM improved the healing process in burn wounds denoting to their therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects in burn wounds that can be added to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehra Nazempour
- Department of Biomedical and Tissue Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Derakhshanfar
- Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Zardosht
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Javad Moayedi
- Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahjoob Vahedi
- Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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12
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Influence of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells on the Burn Wound Healing Process. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2340725. [PMID: 30886634 PMCID: PMC6388323 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2340725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns are lesions in which the thermal energy of the causative agent transfers heat to the surface of the body, causing superficial or deep damage to the skin with protein denaturation in cells and biochemical maladjustments, which delay and disrupt the cicatricial process, increasing the chances of functional and aesthetic sequelae. This study evaluates the influence of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on burn healing in terms of the size of the cicatricial space and quantified measures of collagen deposition, inflammatory infiltrate, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. Initially, intra-abdominal adipose tissue was resected from a single donor Wistar rat that was not part of any of the subsequent groups to obtain ADSCs by isolation and cell culture. Burns were made in the left lateral abdominal region of Wistar rats by contact with a square ceramic paper with a 484 mm2 area heated to 100°C for 30 seconds. Intradermal ADSC transplantation was performed in two stages. The first was on the same day of the burn, when 3.2 × 106 ADSCs were transplanted shortly after the burned region cooled, while the second stage occurred four days later with the same number of ADSCs. The progress was evaluated by immunohistochemical methods and H&E, Masson's trichrome, Picrosirius red, and Lyve-1 immunofluorescence staining. Despite the quantitative similarity of blood vessels and the inflammatory infiltrate observed by H&E, there were statistically significant differences between the groups on the fourteenth day of evolution. The group that received ADSCs showed a reduction in the scar tissue area, increased collagen type III deposition, and a quantifiable reduction in lymphatic vessels, so we conclude that ADSCs influence the healing of total thickness burns in rats.
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13
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Alapure BV, Lu Y, He M, Chu CC, Peng H, Muhale F, Brewerton YL, Bunnell B, Hong S. Accelerate Healing of Severe Burn Wounds by Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Seeded Biodegradable Hydrogel Scaffold Synthesized from Arginine-Based Poly(ester amide) and Chitosan. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1605-1620. [PMID: 30215325 PMCID: PMC6276600 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe burns are some of the most challenging problems in clinics and still lack ideal modalities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) incorporated with biomaterial coverage of burn wounds may offer a viable solution. In this report, we seeded MSCs to a biodegradable hybrid hydrogel, namely ACgel, that was synthesized from unsaturated arginine-based poly(ester amide) (UArg-PEA) and chitosan derivative. MSC adhered to ACgels. ACgels maintained a high viability of MSCs in culture for 6 days. MSC seeded to ACgels presented well in third-degree burn wounds of mice at 8 days postburn (dpb) after the necrotic full-thickness skin of burn wounds was debrided and filled and covered by MSC-carrying ACgels. MSC-seeded ACgels promoted the closure, reepithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization of the burn wounds. ACgels alone can also promote vascularization but less effectively compared with MSC-seeded ACgels. The actions of MSC-seeded ACgels or ACgels alone involve the induction of reparative, anti-inflammatory interleukin-10, and M2-like macrophages, as well as the reduction of inflammatory cytokine TNFα and M1-like macrophages at the late inflammatory phase of burn wound healing, which provided the mechanistic insights associated with inflammation and macrophages in burn wounds. For the studied regimens of these treatments, no toxicity was identified to MSCs or mice. Our results indicate that MSC-seeded ACgels have potential use as a novel adjuvant therapy for severe burns to complement commonly used skin grafting and, thus, minimize the downsides of grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwat V. Alapure
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yan Lu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Mingyu He
- Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Chih-Chang Chu
- Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Hongying Peng
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Filipe Muhale
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Bruce Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Song Hong
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Ahmadi AR, Chicco M, Huang J, Qi L, Burdick J, Williams GM, Cameron AM, Sun Z. Stem cells in burn wound healing: A systematic review of the literature. Burns 2018; 45:1014-1023. [PMID: 30497816 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe burns are often associated with high morbidity and unsatisfactory functional and esthetic outcomes. Over the last two decades, stem cells have generated great hopes for the treatment of numerous conditions including burns. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the role of stem cell therapy as a means to promote burn wound healing. METHODS Comprehensive searches in major databases were carried out in March 2017 for articles on stem cell therapy in burn wound healing. In total 2103 articles were identified and screened on the basis of pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Fifteen experimental and two clinical studies were included in the review. The majority of studies reported significant improvement in macroscopic burn wound appearance as well as a trend toward improved microscopic appearance, after stem cell therapy. Other parameters evaluated, such as re-vascularization, collagen formation, level of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, apoptosis and cellular infiltrates, yielded heterogeneous results across studies. CONCLUSION Stem cell therapy appears to exert a positive effect in burn wound healing. There is, therefore, justification for continued efforts to evaluate the use of stem cells as an adjunct to first-line therapies in burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali R Ahmadi
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Maria Chicco
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jinny Huang
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Le Qi
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James Burdick
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - George M Williams
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew M Cameron
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Ude CC, Miskon A, Idrus RBH, Abu Bakar MB. Application of stem cells in tissue engineering for defense medicine. Mil Med Res 2018; 5:7. [PMID: 29502528 PMCID: PMC6389246 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-018-0154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of modern warfare, including threats and injuries faced by soldiers, necessitates the development of countermeasures that address a wide variety of injuries. Tissue engineering has emerged as a field with the potential to provide contemporary solutions. In this review, discussions focus on the applications of stem cells in tissue engineering to address health risks frequently faced by combatants at war. Human development depends intimately on stem cells, the mysterious precursor to every kind of cell in the body that, with proper instruction, can grow and differentiate into any new tissue or organ. Recent reports have suggested the greater therapeutic effects of the anti-inflammatory, trophic, paracrine and immune-modulatory functions associated with these cells, which induce them to restore normal healing and tissue regeneration by modulating immune reactions, regulating inflammation, and suppressing fibrosis. Therefore, the use of stem cells holds significant promise for the treatment of many battlefield injuries and their complications. These applications include the treatment of injuries to the skin, sensory organs, nervous system tissues, the musculoskeletal system, circulatory/pulmonary tissues and genitals/testicles and of acute radiation syndrome and the development of novel biosensors. The new research developments in these areas suggest that solutions are being developed to reduce critical consequences of wounds and exposures suffered in warfare. Current military applications of stem cell-based therapies are already saving the lives of soldiers who would have died in previous conflicts. Injuries that would have resulted in deaths previously now result in wounds today; similarly, today's permanent wounds may be reduced to tomorrow's bad memories with further advances in stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinedu Cletus Ude
- Bio-artifical Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizi Miskon
- Bio-artifical Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Department of Physiology, Pre-clinical Block, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Bin Abu Bakar
- Bio-artifical Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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The use of stem cells in aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery procedures. A compact review of experimental and clinical applications. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2017; 34:526-534. [PMID: 29422816 PMCID: PMC5799755 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2017.72456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to collect currently available data related to the use of stem cells in aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery based on a systemic review of experimental and clinical applications. We found that the use of stem cells is very promising but the current state of art is still not effective. This situation is connected with not fully known mechanisms of cell interactions, possible risks and side effects. We think that there is a big need to create and conduct different studies which could resolve problems of stem cells use for implementation into aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery.
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17
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Abd El-Haleem MR, Selim AO, Attia GM. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate parotid injury in ovariectomized rats. Cytotherapy 2017; 20:204-217. [PMID: 29254763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Parotid hypofunction causes life-disrupting effects, and there are no effective medications for xerostomia. We hypothesized that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have repairing effects on parotid glands of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. METHODS Forty-five adult female rats were divided into three equal groups: group I (Control group), group II (OVX-group) and group III (OVX rats that received MSCs at 4 and 8 weeks post-ovariectomy). At 12 weeks post-ovariectomy, histological (Masson's trichrome and periodic acid-Schiff with alcian blue stains), immunohistochemical (caspase-3 and CD44) and morphometric studies and salivary flow rate and saliva pH determination were carried out. RESULTS Histologically, the OVX group displayed numerous irregular vacuolated acini, thickened septa with marked cellular infiltration and vascular congestion. Degenerated organelles and few or irregular secretory granules with a different density were observed. Caspase-3-positive cells were highly expressed. MSC-treated glands exhibited a considerable degree of preservation of glandular architecture with numerous CD44-expressing and few caspase-3-expressing cells. Significant decrease of the salivary flow rate in the OVX group was detected, which reverted to normal levels in group III. CONCLUSIONS MSCs ameliorated the damaging effects of ovariectomy on the parotid glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal R Abd El-Haleem
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Assmaa O Selim
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Ghalia M Attia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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18
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Saleh R, Reza HM. Short review on human umbilical cord lining epithelial cells and their potential clinical applications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:222. [PMID: 29017529 PMCID: PMC5634865 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human umbilical cord has been studied extensively in the past two decades. It is free of ethical dilemmas, non-tumorigenic, and less immunogenic and thus provides a significant advantage over other stem cell sources. The cord lining yields both mesenchymal and epithelial stem cells. The mesenchymal cells have been appraised at length by many researchers, which led to the current review focusing on the cord lining epithelial cells (CLECs). These cells have high proliferative capacity and their superior harvest and multiplication, using the revolutionary CellOptimaTM technology, makes them better candidates in comparison to contemporary adult stem cells. Following 30 replication cycles these cells have been observed to retain their stemness, with their phenotype and karyotype intact. However, their remarkable immunosuppressant properties, protecting self as well as co-transplanted allografts from rejection, are what truly define their transplantation potential. They have been successfully applied to many chronic conditions, using animal models, including type 1 diabetes, limbal stem cell deficiency, burn injuries, and wound healing, etc. with encouraging results. CONCLUSIONS This review first discusses some of the advantages afforded by CLECs over other stem cell lines and then delineates their potential use in various clinical applications. Clinical trials using CLECs are currently underway in the US in collaboration with CellResearch Corp. and their potential positive findings will help garner an FDA approval, likely leading to the eventual commercialization of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razwa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
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19
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Abo-Elkheir W, Hamza F, Elmofty AM, Emam A, Abdl-Moktader M, Elsherefy S, Gabr H. Role of cord blood and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in recent deep burn: a case-control prospective study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2017; 6:23-35. [PMID: 29142785 PMCID: PMC5675835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Burn injuries represent one of the major worldwide public health problems causing more severe physiological stress than other traumas. Effective treatment of burn injuries is mandatory to prevent the numerous life-threatening complications and possible disabilities. Stem cells, a population of multipotent cells retaining the properties of self-renewal and differentiation, are the main player in tissue regeneration after major trauma. Thus, they are thought to play a key role in wound healing inducing efficient and physiological skin regeneration. Stem cell-based regeneration is quickly gaining scientific grounds. OBJECTIVE This study was designed as a comparative prospective study to evaluate and compare the regenerative effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) compared to conventional early excision and graft (EE&G) in recent thermal full thickness burned patients. SUBJECT & METHODS Recruited burned patients were randomly divided into three groups (20 patients on each group) having recent thermal full thickness percentage ranging from 10% to 25% total body surface area (TBSA). After receiving allocated treatment, they were assessed as regards: rate of burn healing, presence of post-burn complications both early (such as loss of graft and infections) and late (as hypertrophic scars, keloid, hypo- or hyperpigmentation or contracture of the wound), hospitalization time and cost. RESULTS This study showed significantly improved rate of healing in both BM-MSC and UC-MSC groups as compared to EE&G group with no significant difference between bone marrow and umbilical cord groups. Comparing the incidence of early complications, partial and total loss of graft occurred in 50% patients in (EE&G) group, while infection complication appeared in 25% of patients of (BM-MSCs) group and in 70% of patients in (UC-MSCS) group. The late complications (hypertrophic scars) were observed in 40% of (EE&G) patients group, in 15% of (BM-MSCs) treated patients group and 20% of (UC-MSCS) patients group. Contractured scars were present in 15% in (EE&G) group, 10% in (BM-MSCs) group, 10% in (UC-MSCS) group. Hypopigmentation occurred in 20% of patients in (EE&G) group, 20% in (BM-MSCs) group and 10% in (UC-MSCS) group. Hyperpigmentation was present in 20% of patient in (EE&G) group, 30% in (UC-MSCS) group but no hyperpigmentation occurred in (BM-MSCs) group. There was no late complication in 5% of patient in (EE&G) group, 55% in (BM-MSCs) group and 30% in (UC-MSCS) group. The results of this study revealed that the hospitalization period was significantly reduced in both (BM-MSCs) group and (UC-MSCS) group as compared to (EE&G) group. CONCLUSION this study proves that mesenchymal stem cells, both from bone marrow and cord blood origin, can effectively improve healing of burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fawzy Hamza
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Al-Azhar UniversityCairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elmofty
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Al-Azhar UniversityCairo, Egypt
| | - Atef Emam
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Medical Military AcademyCairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy Abdl-Moktader
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Al-Azhar UniversityCairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Elsherefy
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Medical Military AcademyCairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Gabr
- Department of Clinical Pathoogy, Cairo UniversityCairo, Egypt
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20
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Abstract
The abstract book contains the abstracts of keynote lectures, focus sessions, symposia, workshops, AIUC annual meeting, AISLEC annual meeting, EPUAP annual meeting, ETRS special session, sponsor symposia, oral presentations, poster presentations and the subject index.
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21
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Thurairajah K, Broadhead ML, Balogh ZJ. Trauma and Stem Cells: Biology and Potential Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030577. [PMID: 28272352 PMCID: PMC5372593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trauma may cause irreversible tissue damage and loss of function despite current best practice. Healing is dependent both on the nature of the injury and the intrinsic biological capacity of those tissues for healing. Preclinical research has highlighted stem cell therapy as a potential avenue for improving outcomes for injuries with poor healing capacity. Additionally, trauma activates the immune system and alters stem cell behaviour. This paper reviews the current literature on stem cells and its relevance to trauma care. Emphasis is placed on understanding how stem cells respond to trauma and pertinent mechanisms that can be utilised to promote tissue healing. Research involving notable difficulties in trauma care such as fracture non-union, cartilage damage and trauma induced inflammation is discussed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabilan Thurairajah
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
| | - Matthew L Broadhead
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
| | - Zsolt J Balogh
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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22
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Oryan A, Alemzadeh E, Moshiri A. Burn wound healing: present concepts, treatment strategies and future directions. J Wound Care 2017; 26:5-19. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Oryan
- Professor, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran
| | - E. Alemzadeh
- PhD student, Department of Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran
| | - A. Moshiri
- Assistant Professor, Division of Regenerative Pharmacology, RAZI Drug Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; and Division of Surgery and Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran
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23
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LoGuidice A, Houlihan A, Deans R. Multipotent adult progenitor cells on an allograft scaffold facilitate the bone repair process. J Tissue Eng 2016; 7:2041731416656148. [PMID: 27493716 PMCID: PMC4959303 DOI: 10.1177/2041731416656148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent adult progenitor cells are a recently described population of stem cells derived from the bone marrow stroma. Research has demonstrated the potential of multipotent adult progenitor cells for treating ischemic injury and cardiovascular repair; however, understanding of multipotent adult progenitor cells in orthopedic applications remains limited. In this study, we evaluate the osteogenic and angiogenic capacity of multipotent adult progenitor cells, both in vitro and loaded onto demineralized bone matrix in vivo, with comparison to mesenchymal stem cells, as the current standard. When compared to mesenchymal stem cells, multipotent adult progenitor cells exhibited a more robust angiogenic protein release profile in vitro and developed more extensive vasculature within 2 weeks in vivo. The establishment of this vascular network is critical to the ossification process, as it allows nutrient exchange and provides an influx of osteoprogenitor cells to the wound site. In vitro assays confirmed the multipotency of multipotent adult progenitor cells along mesodermal lineages and demonstrated the enhanced expression of alkaline phosphatase and production of calcium-containing mineral deposits by multipotent adult progenitor cells, necessary precursors for osteogenesis. In combination with a demineralized bone matrix scaffold, multipotent adult progenitor cells demonstrated enhanced revascularization and new bone formation in vivo in an orthotopic defect model when compared to mesenchymal stem cells on demineralized bone matrix or demineralized bone matrix–only control groups. The potent combination of angiogenic and osteogenic properties provided by multipotent adult progenitor cells appears to create a synergistic amplification of the bone healing process. Our results indicate that multipotent adult progenitor cells have the potential to better promote tissue regeneration and healing and to be a functional cell source for use in orthopedic applications.
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24
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Abstract
The quest for skin expansion is not restricted to cover a large area alone, but to produce acceptable uniform surfaces, robust engraftment to withstand mechanical shear and infection, with a minimal donor morbidity. Ease of the technique, shorter healing period and reproducible results are essential parameters to adopt novel techniques. Significant advances seen in four fronts of autologous grafting are: (1) Dermal-epidermal graft expansion techniques, (2) epidermal graft harvests technique, (3) melanocyte-rich basal cell therapy for vitiligo and (4) robust and faster autologous cell cultures. Meek's original concept that the sum of perimeter of smaller grafts is larger than the harvested graft, and smaller the graft size, the greater is the potential for regeneration is witnessed in newer modification. Further, as graft size becomes smaller or minced, these micrografts can survive on the wound bed exudate irrespective of their dermal orientation. Expansion produced by 4 mm × 4 mm sized Meek micrografts is 10-folds, similarly 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm size micrografts produce 100-fold expansion, which becomes 700-fold with pixel grafts of 0.3 mm × 0.3 mm size. Fractional skin harvest is another new technique with 700 μ size full thickness graft. These provide instant autologous non-cultured graft to cover extensive areas with similar quality of engraftment surface as split skin grafts. Newer tools for epidermal blister graft harvest quickly, with uniform size to produce 7-fold expansions with reproducible results. In addition, donor area heals faster with minimal scar. Melanocyte-rich cell suspension is utilised in vitiligo surgery tapping the potential of hair root melanocytes. Further advances in the cell culture to reduce the cultivation time and provide stronger epidermal sheets with dermal carrier are seen in trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kadam
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences and A.J. Hospital and Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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25
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Rose LF, Chan RK. The Burn Wound Microenvironment. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5:106-118. [PMID: 26989577 PMCID: PMC4779284 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2014.0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: While the survival rate of the severely burned patient has improved significantly, relatively little progress has been made in treatment or prevention of burn-induced long-term sequelae, such as contraction and fibrosis. Recent Advances: Our knowledge of the molecular pathways involved in burn wounds has increased dramatically, and technological advances now allow large-scale genomic studies, providing a global view of wound healing processes. Critical Issues: Translating findings from a large number of in vitro and preclinical animal studies into clinical practice represents a gap in our understanding, and the failures of a number of clinical trials suggest that targeting single pathways or cytokines may not be the best approach. Significant opportunities for improvement exist. Future Directions: Study of the underlying molecular influences of burn wound healing progression will undoubtedly continue as an active research focus. Increasing our knowledge of these processes will identify additional therapeutic targets, supporting informed clinical studies that translate into clinical relevance and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd F. Rose
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brook Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Ft. Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Rodney K. Chan
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brook Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Ft. Sam Houston, Texas
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Abstract
With the growing demand for the specialized care of wounds, there is an ever expanding abundance of wound care modalities available. It is difficult to identify which products or devices enhance wound healing, and thus, a critical and continual look at new advances is necessary. The goal of any wound regimen should be to optimize wound healing by combining basic wound care modalities including debridement, off-loading, and infection control with the addition of advanced therapies when necessary. This review takes a closer look at current uses of negative pressure wound therapy, bioengineered alternative tissues, and amniotic membrane products. While robust literature may be lacking, current wound care advances are showing great promise in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin S Garwood
- Diabetic Limb Salvage Fellow, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John S Steinberg
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, USA
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center Podiatric Residency, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, USA
- Center for Wound Healing and Hyperbaric Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, USA
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27
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Wu Q, Dai M, Xu P, Hou M, Teng Y, Feng J. In vivo effects of human adipose-derived stem cells reseeding on acellular bovine pericardium in nude mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 241:31-9. [PMID: 26253192 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215597193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered biologic products may be a viable option in the reconstruction of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). This study was based on the hypothesis that human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) are viable in acellular bovine pericardium (ABP), when reseeded by two different techniques, and thus, aid in the reconstruction. To investigate the reseeding of hASCs on ABP grafts by using non-invasive bioluminescence imaging (BLI), and to identify the effective hASCs-scaffold combinations that enabled regeneration. Thirty female athymic nude mice were randomly divided into three groups: In the VIVO group, ABPs were implanted in the subcutaneous pockets and enhanced green fluorescent protein luciferase (eGFP·Luc)-hASCs (1 × 10(6) cells/50 µL) were injected on the ABP at the same time. In the VITRO group, the mice were implanted with grafts that ABP were co-cultured with eGFP·Luc-hASCs in vitro. The BLANK group mice were implanted with ABP only. The eGFP·Luc-hASCs reseeded on ABP were analyzed by BLI, histology, and immunohistochemistry. The eGFP·Luc-hASCs reseeded on ABP could be visualized at 12 weeks in vivo. Histology revealed that the VIVO group displayed the highest cell ingrowths, small vessels, and percent of collagen content per unit area. Desmin and α-smooth muscle actin were positive at the same site in the VIVO group cells. However, few smooth muscles were observed in the VITRO and BLANK groups. These results suggest that hASCs reseeded on ABP in vivo during surgery may further enhance the properties of ABP and may promote regeneration at the recipient site, resulting in a promising treatment option for POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkai Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Peirong Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Min Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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Rapid creation of skin substitutes from human skin cells and biomimetic nanofibers for acute full-thickness wound repair. Burns 2015; 41:1764-1774. [PMID: 26187057 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Creation of functional skin substitutes within a clinically acceptable time window is essential for timely repair and management of large wounds such as extensive burns. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of fabricating skin substitutes via a bottom-up nanofiber-enabled cell assembly approach and using such substitutes for full-thickness wound repair in nude mice. Following a layer-by-layer (L-b-L) manner, human primary skin cells (fibroblasts and keratinocytes) were rapidly assembled together with electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/collagen (3:1, w/w; 8%, w/v) nanofibers into 3D constructs, in which fibroblasts and keratinocytes were located in the bottom and upper portion respectively. Following culture, the constructs developed into a skin-like structure with expression of basal keratinocyte markers and deposition of new matrix while exhibiting good mechanical strength (as high as 4.0 MPa by 14 days). Treatment of the full-thickness wounds created on the back of nude mice with various grafts (acellular nanofiber meshes, dermal substitutes, skin substitutes and autografts) revealed that 14-day-cultured skin substitutes facilitated a rapid wound closure with complete epithelialization comparable to autografts. Taken together, skin-like substitutes can be formed by L-b-L assembling human skin cells and biomimetic nanofibers and they are effective to heal acute full-thickness wounds in nude mice.
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Lin Q, Wesson RN, Maeda H, Wang Y, Cui Z, Liu JO, Cameron AM, Gao B, Montgomery RA, Williams GM, Sun Z. Pharmacological mobilization of endogenous stem cells significantly promotes skin regeneration after full-thickness excision: the synergistic activity of AMD3100 and tacrolimus. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:2458-2468. [PMID: 24682043 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has shown promise in treating a variety of pathologies including skin wounds, but practical applications remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that endogenous stem cell mobilization produced by AMD3100 and low-dose tacrolimus is able to reduce by 25% the time of complete healing of full-thickness wounds created by surgical excision. Equally important, healing was accompanied by reduced scar formation and regeneration of hair follicles. Searching for mechanisms, we found that AMD3100 combined with low-dose tacrolimus mobilized increased number of lineage-negative c-Kit+, CD34+, and CD133+ stem cells. Low-dose tacrolimus also increased the number of SDF-1-bearing macrophages in the wound sites amplifying the "pull" of mobilized stem cells into the wound. Lineage tracing demonstrated the critical role of CD133 stem cells in enhanced capillary and hair follicle neogenesis, contributing to more rapid and perfect healing. Our findings offer a significant therapeutic approach to wound healing and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Russell N Wesson
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hiromichi Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhu Cui
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew M Cameron
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert A Montgomery
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - George M Williams
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Hamouda H, Ullah M, Berger M, Sittinger M, Tauber R, Ringe J, Blanchard V. N-glycosylation profile of undifferentiated and adipogenically differentiated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: towards a next generation of stem cell markers. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:3100-13. [PMID: 23829188 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that are easy to isolate and expand, develop into several tissues, including fat, migrate to diseased organs, have immunosuppressive properties and secrete regenerative factors. This makes MSCs ideal for regenerative medicine. For application and regulatory purposes, knowledge of (bio)markers characterizing MSCs and their development stages is of paramount importance. The cell surface is coated with glycans that possess lineage-specific nature, which makes glycans to be promising candidate markers. In the context of soft tissue generation, we aimed to identify glycans that could be markers for MSCs and their adipogenically differentiated progeny. MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow, adipogenically stimulated for 15 days and adipogenesis was verified by staining the lipid droplets and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction of the marker genes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4). Using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry combined with exoglycosidase digestions, we report for the first time the N-glycome of MSCs during adipogenic differentiation. We were able to detect more than 100 different N-glycans, including high-mannose, hybrid, and complex N-glycans, as well as poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains. Adipogenesis was accompanied by an increased amount of biantennary fucosylated structures, decreased amount of fucosylated, afucosylated tri- and tetraantennary structures and increased sialylation. N-glycans H6N5F1 and H7N6F1 were significantly overexpressed in undifferentiated MSCs while H3N4F1 and H5N4F3 were upregulated in adipogenically differentiated MSCs. These glycan structures are promising candidate markers to detect and distinguish MSCs and their adipogenic progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Hamouda
- 1 Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany
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Farina JA, Rosique MJ, Rosique RG. Curbing inflammation in burn patients. Int J Inflam 2013; 2013:715645. [PMID: 23762773 PMCID: PMC3671671 DOI: 10.1155/2013/715645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients who suffer from severe burns develop metabolic imbalances and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) which can result in multiple organ failure and death. Research aimed at reducing the inflammatory process has yielded new insight into burn injury therapies. In this review, we discuss strategies used to curb inflammation in burn injuries and note that further studies with high quality evidence are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayme A. Farina
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-SP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 9.°andar, 14048-900 Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Junqueira Rosique
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-SP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 9.°andar, 14048-900 Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo G. Rosique
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-SP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 9.°andar, 14048-900 Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
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