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Komisarek O, Malak R, Śledzińska A, Śledzińska P, Mojs E, Matthews-Kozanecka M, Samborski W. The use of botulinum toxin for grinding in patients with Rett syndrome-Case report. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:737-742. [PMID: 37608434 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. It is characterized by profound and severe motor disability. Patients with RTT grind their teeth, causing damage to their permanent teeth. This article aims to describe the case of an 8-year-old child with RTT and the methods of botulinum toxin-based treatment for teeth grinding. METHODS AND RESULTS Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to monitor the effects of treatment. The masseter and temporal muscles, responsible for the elevation of the mandible, were injected with botulinum toxin. The results of the sEMG examination performed 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after toxin administration were compared to the sEMG conducted before treatment. The research demonstrates a significant reduction in both grinding frequency and tension of the masseter and temporal muscles. CONCLUSION Possible adverse effects after chronic use of botulinum toxin were discussed. The article also emphasizes the need for masticatory muscle rehabilitation during botulinum toxin therapy. However, it is necessary to repeat this procedure on a larger group of children with RTT to establish our efforts' efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Komisarek
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Roksana Malak
- Department and Clinic of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Ewa Mojs
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maja Matthews-Kozanecka
- Department of Social Sciences and the Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Samborski
- Department and Clinic of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Zhang AB, Zhang JY, Zhou X, Sun LS, Li TJ. Can botulinum toxin injection alleviate the pain of bruxism? A Bayesian network analysis and a single-arm analysis. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:885-893. [PMID: 38618107 PMCID: PMC11010618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose There is inconsistent evidence regarding whether the botulinum toxin A (BTA) injection can relieve pain caused by bruxism. This study aimed to estimate the efficiency of BTA injection in relieving pain caused by bruxism at different follow-up periods. Materials and methods Five electronic databases were searched from 2005 to 2022 using search terms related to botulinum toxin and bruxism. Only controlled clinical trials were included. Two investigators reviewed each article and discussed any disagreements until a consensus was reached. Pain outcomes as evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS) were subjected to single-arm and Bayesian network meta-analyses. Pooling data were measured by a random-effects model. Results Eleven studies with a total of 365 bruxism patients were included. According to the single-arm analyses of the pooled data, the reduction in bruxism-related pain after BTA injection measured 4.06 points (95% CI = 3.37 to 4.75) on the VAS, and the pain relief was significant in the first 6 months after treatment (P < 0.01). According to the Bayesian analysis, BTA also resulted in significantly greater pain relief than oral splinting (mean difference (MD), -1.5; 95% credible interval (CrI) = -2.7 to -0.19) or saline injection (MD, -3.3; 95% CrI = -6.2 to -0.32). Conclusion BTA significantly relieves the pain of bruxism for 6 months after injection, and its therapeutic efficacy was higher than that of oral splinting. Nevertheless, further long-term follow-up randomized controlled trials comparing BTA with other management or drugs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-bo Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, China
| | - Jian-yun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li-sha Sun
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tie-jun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, China
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Wang C, Verma AK, Guragain B, Xiong X, Liu C. Classification of bruxism based on time-frequency and nonlinear features of single channel EEG. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:81. [PMID: 38221633 PMCID: PMC10787956 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the classification of bruxism patients based on electroencephalogram (EEG), feature extraction is essential. The method of using multi-channel EEG fusing electrocardiogram (ECG) and Electromyography (EMG) signal features has been proved to have good performance in bruxism classification, but the classification performance based on single channel EEG signal is still understudied. We investigate the efficacy of single EEG channel in bruxism classification. METHODS We have extracted time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear features from single EEG channel to classify bruxism. Five common bipolar EEG recordings from 2 bruxism patients and 4 healthy controls during REM sleep were analyzed. The time domain (mean, standard deviation, root mean squared value), frequency domain (absolute, relative and ratios power spectral density (PSD)), and non-linear features (sample entropy) of different EEG frequency bands were analyzed from five EEG channels of each participant. Fine tree algorithm was trained and tested for classifying sleep bruxism with healthy controls using five-fold cross-validation. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that the C4P4 EEG channel was most effective for classification of sleep bruxism that yielded 95.59% sensitivity, 98.44% specificity, 97.84% accuracy, and 94.20% positive predictive value (PPV). CONCLUSIONS Our results illustrate the feasibility of sleep bruxism classification using single EEG channel and provides an experimental foundation for the development of a future portable automatic sleep bruxism detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwu Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, 521041, China
| | - Ajay K Verma
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Bijay Guragain
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Xin Xiong
- School of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Chunling Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, 521041, China.
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Polat Balkan E, Paksoy CS, Bağış N. Fractal analysis of the effects on mandibular bone of botulinum toxin therapy of the masseter muscle in patients with bruxism. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:83-88. [PMID: 37805341 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined changes in the mandibular angle, ramus, and condylar neck of patients with bruxism after botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injection into the masseter muscle as calculated with fractal analysis (FA) on panoramic radiographs (PRs). METHODS We examined the PRs of 3 groups of 22 patients each (n = 66) obtained upon presentation and 6 months later. One group included healthy controls without bruxism, one group included patients with untreated bruxism, and one group included patients with bruxism who had undergone BTX-A injection into the masseter muscle. We performed FA of the bilateral angle, ramus, and condylar neck of the PRs to calculate fractal dimension (FD). RESULTS The FD values of the angle on the second PRs of the untreated bruxism group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P = .026), specifically when compared to the BTX-A injection group (P = .017). The FD values in the angle and ramus of the bruxism group were significantly higher on the second PRs (P ≤..005)) Conversely, the FD values in the angle of the BTX-A injection group were significantly lower on the second PR (P = .039). CONCLUSIONS Masseter muscle hyperactivity due to bruxism increases bone density in masseter muscle attachment regions. BTX-A injection restricts muscle activity, thereby chnging bone structure and decreasing FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Polat Balkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Candan S Paksoy
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilsun Bağış
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara, Turkey
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Bargellini A, Castroflorio T, Graziano V, Cugliari G, Deregibus A. Effects on Sleep Bruxism Activity of Three Different Oral Appliances: One Year Longitudinal Cohort Study. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:1151-1159. [PMID: 35598244 DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666220519123754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different oral appliances (OAs) have been proposed to control sleep bruxism (SB) detrimental effects on the stomatognathic system. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different OAs on SB activity and masticatory muscle activity (sMMA) measured by EMG. METHODS This longitudinal cohort study was conducted on 51 patients (21 M, 30 F, mean age 26,5 ± 3,5) suffering from SB diagnosed with a validated portable EMG-ECG holter and wearing different OAs: occlusal splints, functional appliance with metallic bites and clear aligners followed after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months from delivery. A control group of 16 non-treated SB patients (6 M, 10 F mean age 27,1 ± 1,4) was used as a reference. A multiple regression analysis was performed to estimate the differences between groups. The level of significance was set as P value <0,05. RESULTS Occlusal splint reduced sleep bruxism index after 1 week, 3, 6 and 12 months from delivery while functional appliance only after 12 months. Occlusal splints reduced general phasic contractions only in the first week and sleep bruxism-related phasic contractions at 1 week, 3 and 6 months after delivery with no significant reductions after 12 months. Patients wearing clear aligners showed a reduction in general tonic contractions after 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSION Resin and metal bites can reduce sleep bruxism index, while resin bites can reduce sleep bruxism-related phasic contractions. Clear aligners do not influence sleep bruxism index but can reduce tonic contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bargellini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Specialization School of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Gnathology Unit, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Tommaso Castroflorio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Specialization School of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Gnathology Unit, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Vanessa Graziano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Deregibus
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Specialization School of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Gnathology Unit, Dental School, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Arslan ZB, Yaşar F. Evaluation of the thickness and internal structure of the masseter muscle with ultrasonography in female bruxism patients. Oral Radiol 2023; 39:708-714. [PMID: 37217757 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-023-00688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in the thickness and internal structure of the masseter muscle in individuals with and without bruxism by ultrasonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 female patients with and without bruxism whose ages were ranging between 20 and 35 were included in the study. The masseter muscle thickness was measured during rest and maximum bite position. Ultrasonographic internal structure of the masseter muscle is classified according to the visibility of echogenic bands. In addition, the echogenic internal structure of the masseter muscle was evaluated with quantitative muscle ultrasound. RESULTS The masseter muscle thickness was significantly higher in both positions in patients with bruxism (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups in the evaluation of echogenicity (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonography is a useful and important diagnostic method for evaluating masseter muscle without using radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Betül Arslan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Füsun Yaşar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye
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Mortazavi N, Tabatabaei AH, Mohammadi M, Rajabi A. Is bruxism associated with temporomandibular joint disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2023; 24:144. [PMID: 37474733 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review is to examine and quantify the association between bruxism and temporomandibular joint disorders in a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Electronic searches were performed in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Wiley, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for articles published up to March 2022. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for each study. RESULTS The search retrieved 1651 studies, and 20 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between bruxism and TMD, with the presence of bruxism increasing the odds of TMD by 2.25 times (OR = 2.25, 95% CI (1.94-2.56)). Based on the type of bruxism, awake bruxism was found to increase the odds of TMD by 2.51 times (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: (2.02-2.99)), while sleep bruxism increased the odds of TMD by 2.06 times (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: (1.82-2.30)). Analysis of the results from studies that reported both types of bruxism showed that bruxism increases the odds of TMD by 2.17 times (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: (2.30-3.05)). CONCLUSION The available data demonstrate a positive relationship between bruxism and TMD, with the presence of bruxism increasing the likelihood of developing TMD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Mortazavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Abdolhalim Rajabi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Mihaiu J, Debucean D, Mihancea P, Maghiar AM, Marcu OA. Primary headache management in a multidisciplinary team - a pilot study. J Med Life 2023; 16:1127-1135. [PMID: 37900070 PMCID: PMC10600663 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tension-type headaches and migraines are bidirectionally related to dysfunctions of the cervical and masticatory muscles and some psychosocial factors. Our pilot study aimed to investigate the connections between primary headaches, bruxism, and psychosocial issues. In addition, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach in decreasing the intensity and frequency of headache episodes and bruxism. Sixty-seven patients previously diagnosed with primary headache and bruxism were divided into two similar groups. One group benefited from manual therapy alone, while the other received manual therapy and counseling sessions for three months. Statistical data analysis was conducted using SPSS, Version 24, using the paired Student's t-tests and McNemar's tests. After the three-month intervention period, we observed substantial improvements across various parameters. Some demonstrated statistically significant differences, while others did not reach statistical significance. When comparing the outcomes, the combined therapy proved more effective than manual therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Mihaiu
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Daiana Debucean
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Petru Mihancea
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Toyama N, Ekuni D, Fukuhara D, Sawada N, Yamashita M, Komiyama M, Nagahama T, Morita M. Nutrients Associated with Sleep Bruxism. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072623. [PMID: 37048706 PMCID: PMC10095372 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the present research was to identify nutrients related to sleep bruxism and to establish a hypothesis regarding the relationship between sleep bruxism and nutrients. Methods: We recruited 143 Japanese university students in 2021 and assigned them to sleep bruxism (n = 58) and non-sleep bruxism groups (n = 85), using an identical single-channel wearable electromyography device. To investigate nutrient intakes, participants answered a food frequency questionnaire based on food groups. We assessed differences in nutrient intakes between the sleep bruxism and non-sleep bruxism groups. Results: Logistic regression modeling showed that sleep bruxism tended to be associated with dietary fiber (odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.83–1.00; p = 0.059). In addition, a subgroup analysis selecting students in the top and bottom quartiles of dietary fiber intake showed that students with sleep bruxism had a significantly lower dietary fiber intake (10.4 ± 4.6 g) than those without sleep bruxism (13.4 ± 6.1 g; p = 0.022). Conclusion: The present research showed that dietary fiber intake may be related to sleep bruxism. Therefore, we hypothesized that dietary fiber would improve sleep bruxism in young adults.
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Mehdipour A, Aghaali M, Janatifar Z, Saleh A. Prevalence of Oral Parafunctional Habits in Children and Related Factors: An Observational Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:308-311. [PMID: 37519957 PMCID: PMC10373780 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Parafunctional habits cause movements indicating their effect as functional and structural disorders such as malocclusion and temporomandibular joint changes in the oral and dental organs. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with parafunctional habits in 6-12-year-old children in Qom, Iran. Materials and methods This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 403 6-12-year-old schoolchildren of Qom, Iran. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and a checklist prepared along with a clinical examination. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), with chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. Results The mean age of children was 8.9 ± 2.03 years. Bruxism was more common than other parafunctional habits (22.6%). There was a significant relationship between oral habits with children's gender and age (p <0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between oral habits and other variables such as underlying disease, economic status and parent's smoking (p >0.05). Conclusions Given the relatively high prevalence of parafunctional habits in children, it seems that children should be investigated for the presence of such habits in order to provide the necessary education to parents and perform dental interventions to prevent complications from oral habits. Dental interventions at a younger age are easier to conduct and have a more effective preventive role. How to cite this article Mehdipour A, Aghaali M, Janatifar Z, et al. Prevalence of Oral Parafunctional Habits in Children and Related Factors: an Observational Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):308-311.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Mehdipour
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghaali
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zeinab Janatifar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saleh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
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Li D, Kuang B, Lobbezoo F, de Vries N, Hilgevoord A, Aarab G. Sleep bruxism is highly prevalent in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a large-scale polysomnographic study. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:443-451. [PMID: 36448332 PMCID: PMC9978428 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism (SB) and to investigate the relationships between SB episodes, arousals, and respiratory events in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS This prospective study included 914 adults with OSA (305 females, 609 males; age = 53 years [interquartile range = 17]; apnea-hypopnea index = 13.9 events/h [interquartile range = 21]). The diagnosis of SB was made when the rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) index was at least 2 episodes/h of sleep based on a full polysomnographic recording. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for SB. Network analysis was performed to determine the relations between RMMA, respiratory event, sleep arousal, and other factors. Further, the percentage of RMMA time-related to arousal was calculated. RESULTS The prevalence of SB in adults with OSA was 49.7%. Male sex, lower body mass index, and higher percentage of N1 sleep increased the odds of having SB (odds ratios = 1.425, 0.951, and 1.032, respectively; all P < .05). Network analysis showed that there were no direct associations between RMMA and apnea-hypopnea index, nor between RMMA and arousal, although 85.7% of RMMA was time-related to arousals. CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of adults with OSA have comorbid SB. Male sex, lower body mass index, and a higher percentage of light sleep increase the risk of having SB. Although RMMAs do not directly correlate with respiratory events and arousals, most RMMAs are time-related to arousals in adults with OSA. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: Netherlands Trial Register; Name: A Large Sample Polysomnographic Study on Sleep Bruxism; URL: https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NL8516; Identifier: NL8516. CITATION Li D, Kuang B, Lobbezoo F, de Vries N, Hilgevoord A, Aarab G. Sleep bruxism is highly prevalent in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a large-scale polysomnographic study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(3):443-451.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshui Li
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Boyuan Kuang
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Taikang Bybo Dental, Shanghai, China
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nico de Vries
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Antonius Hilgevoord
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ghizlane Aarab
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Liatis T, Madden M, Marioni‐Henry K. Bruxism in awake dogs as a clinical sign of forebrain disease: 4 cases. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 36:2132-2141. [DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theofanis Liatis
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College University of London Hatfield UK
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK
| | - Megan Madden
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK
| | - Katia Marioni‐Henry
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK
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Lee YH. Relationship Analogy between Sleep Bruxism and Temporomandibular Disorders in Children: A Narrative Review. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9101466. [PMID: 36291402 PMCID: PMC9600472 DOI: 10.3390/children9101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleep bruxism (SB) is a condition characterized by repetitive clenching or grinding teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible during sleep. Although SB is not considered a disorder in children, SB can be a potential physical and psychological hazard or consequence, and this study examines whether SB is a risk factor for TMD as it is in adults. A narrative review on the topic of inferring the relationship between sleep bruxism and TMD in children was performed based on a search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published between 1999 and 2022. A total of 76 articles were included in this review. SB is very common in children, may be related to psychological distress or sleep breathing disorder, with a prevalence of up to 49%, and mainly occurs in the non-rapid eye movement stage in the sleep structure. SB may be one cause of TMD. The prevalence of TMD in children is 16–33%. Compared to the female-dominant TMD prevalence in adults, the sex-differences in TMD prevalence in children are less pronounced. However, TMD-related pain is more prevalent in girls than in boys. Given the complex etiology of each of SB and TMD in children, it can be inferred that the explanation of the relationship between the two conditions is very challenging. Ultimately, their relationship should be understood in the individual biopsychosocial model in the process of special physical growth and mental development of children. Moreover, appropriate clinical guidelines for a definitive diagnosis of SB and TMD in children and more research with a high scientific evidence level, which is comprehensive, considering physical, psychological, genetic, and social cultural factors, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #613 Hoegi-Dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
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14
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Kobayashi FY, Castelo PM, Politti F, Rocha MM, Beltramin RZ, Salgueiro MDCC, Gonçalves MLL, Nammour S, Brugnera Júnior A, Sfalcin RA, Bussadori SK. Immediate Evaluation of the Effect of Infrared LED Photobiomodulation on Childhood Sleep Bruxism: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12070964. [PMID: 35888053 PMCID: PMC9323984 DOI: 10.3390/life12070964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The gold standard for the management of sleep bruxism (SB) is the use of a rigid occlusal splint; however, there are limitations for its use in children and alternatives to the management of SB are needed. Photobiomodulation therapy has been used with positive results in temporomandibular disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy with infrared LED in children with SB. Thirty children were divided into three groups: Group 1: control/absence of bruxism (n = 10); Group 2: SB treated with infrared LED (n = 10); Group 3: SB treated with occlusal splint (n = 10). Electromyographic evaluation of masseter, anterior temporalis, and upper trapezius, and salivary dopamine levels were assessed before and after treatments. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way mixed model ANOVA. An increase in the temporalis and right masseter EMG activity at rest was observed in Group 3, with large effect size (p < 0.05). Left masseter and temporalis EMG activity did not differ over time in the LED group, similar to the control group. Moreover, the EMG activity of masticatory muscles during chewing and upper trapezius muscle did not differ over time in all groups. The results also pointed to a difference in the levels of dopamine between children with and without SB, with Group 3 showing higher levels in the pre-treatment time compared to controls (p < 0.025). In conclusion, an increase in the masticatory muscles activity at rest was observed in children undergoing splint therapy. Moreover, a difference in the levels of salivary dopamine was found between children with and without SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Yukie Kobayashi
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.Y.K.); (R.A.S.)
| | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema 04021-001, Brazil;
| | - Fabiano Politti
- Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.P.); (M.M.R.); (R.Z.B.); (M.D.C.C.S.)
| | - Monise Mendes Rocha
- Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.P.); (M.M.R.); (R.Z.B.); (M.D.C.C.S.)
| | - Rafael Zaratin Beltramin
- Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.P.); (M.M.R.); (R.Z.B.); (M.D.C.C.S.)
| | - Mônica Da Consolação Canuto Salgueiro
- Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.P.); (M.M.R.); (R.Z.B.); (M.D.C.C.S.)
| | - Marcela Leticia Leal Gonçalves
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos 11045-002, Brazil;
| | - Samir Nammour
- Director of the Post-Graduate: Laser Application in Dental Medicine, Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Aldo Brugnera Júnior
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT “Basic Optics Applied to Life Sciences”, IFSC, USP, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil;
| | - Ravana Angelini Sfalcin
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.Y.K.); (R.A.S.)
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (F.Y.K.); (R.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(11)-3385-9222
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15
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Oral and Dental Considerations of Combat-Induced Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)-A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113249. [PMID: 35683634 PMCID: PMC9181801 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study compared dental, periodontal, oral, and joint/muscle tenderness among Israeli combat-induced post-traumatic stress disorder (Ci-PTSD) war veterans to non-PTSD patients. Study design: This retrospective three-arm study compared oral and facial manifestations between 100 Israeli veterans with Ci- PTSD (study group) and 103 non-PTSD periodontal patients (Control group). The study group was further divided into two subgroups of individuals who received psychiatric medications (40 patients) or did not (60 patients). All patients underwent complete dental, oral, and periodontal examinations, including assessing signs of parafunction. Results: All PTSD patients had poor oral hygiene. The plaque index (PI) was higher in the PTSD group compared to the control group (0.72 ± 0.28 vs. 0.45 ± 0.29, respectively, p < 0.001). The decayed, missing, and filled teeth score (DMFt) was higher in the PTSD population than in the controls (19.97 ± 8.07 vs. 13.05 ± 6.23 p < 0.05). Severe periodontal disease was more common among the PTSD subgroup taking medications (med -group) (62.5%) compared to the nonmedicated group (non-med group) (30.0%) and the controls (27.2%) (p = 0.001). Heavy smoking was more prevalent in the medicated PTSD patients than in other groups. Conclusions: The present study shows higher morbidities in combat-induced PTSD patients, including oral, dental, and periodontal manifestations, especially in medicated patients.
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Are periodontitis, dental caries and xerostomia more frequently present in recreational ecstasy users? Br Dent J 2022; 232:389-395. [PMID: 35338292 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-4040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether there is a difference in oral health between recreational ecstasy users and non-recreational drug users.Study design In a cross-sectional study, dental records of 149 individuals visiting an academic dental clinic in Amsterdam who reported recreational ecstasy use, defined as no more than twice a week, were systematically analysed and compared to a group of age- and sex-matched non-drug users randomly selected from this institute. The parameters retrieved from the dental records were decayed, missed and filled teeth index (DMFT), number of endodontically treated teeth, presence of active caries lesions, periodontitis, tooth wear, xerostomia and self-reported use of oral hygiene devices.Results Periodontitis, active caries lesions and xerostomia were statistically significantly more present in ecstasy users. Ecstasy users brush their teeth significant less frequently per day than non-recreational drug users. There were no significant differences in DMFT and in the devices used for brushing/interdental cleaning and frequency of use of these interdental devices between both groups.Conclusion Periodontitis, active caries lesions and xerostomia are more frequently present in recreational ecstasy users compared to age- and sex-matched non-users.
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17
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Rossow I. Illicit drug use and oral health. Addiction 2021; 116:3235-3242. [PMID: 33247857 DOI: 10.1111/add.15360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
People with drug use disorders (PWDUD) have elevated prevalence of oral diseases, in particular dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal (gum) disease and xerostomia (dry mouth). When left untreated, these oral health conditions may progress and lead to tooth ache, abscesses and tooth loss, and in turn, to poor chewing functioning and digestion, dental aesthetic problems and reduced wellbeing. Illicit drug use may, per se, cause xerostomia, which in turn increases vulnerability for dental caries. However, the other main drivers of oral diseases and their progression-poor oral hygiene, frequent sugar intake and infrequent dental visits-can mainly be ascribed to the irregular lifestyle, poor economy and mental health problems that often accompany illicit drug use. Establishment of good oral health habits is essential in the dental care for PWDUD. Dental treatment is often comprehensive and challenging; because the patients may have extensive treatment needs but also difficulties adhering to preventive measures and dental appointments. An integrated care approach for PWDUD would likely benefit both their oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Rossow
- Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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18
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Dumitrescu C, Costea IM, Cormos AC, Semenescu A. Automatic Detection of K-Complexes Using the Cohen Class Recursiveness and Reallocation Method and Deep Neural Networks with EEG Signals. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217230. [PMID: 34770537 PMCID: PMC8587652 DOI: 10.3390/s21217230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evoked and spontaneous K-complexes are thought to be involved in sleep protection, but their role as biomarkers is still under debate. K-complexes have two major functions: first, they suppress cortical arousal in response to stimuli that the sleeping brain evaluates to avoid signaling danger; and second, they help strengthen memory. K-complexes also play an important role in the analysis of sleep quality, in the detection of diseases associated with sleep disorders, and as biomarkers for the detection of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Detecting K-complexes is relatively difficult, as reliable methods of identifying this complex cannot be found in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new method for the automatic detection of K-complexes combining the method of recursion and reallocation of the Cohen class and the deep neural networks, obtaining a recursive strategy aimed at increasing the percentage of classification and reducing the computation time required to detect K-complexes by applying the proposed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin Dumitrescu
- Department Telematics and Electronics for Transports, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (A.-C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilona-Madalina Costea
- Department Telematics and Electronics for Transports, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Angel-Ciprian Cormos
- Department Telematics and Electronics for Transports, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Augustin Semenescu
- Department Engineering and Management for Transports, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
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19
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Golanska P, Saczuk K, Domarecka M, Kuć J, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Temporomandibular Myofascial Pain Syndrome-Aetiology and Biopsychosocial Modulation. A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7807. [PMID: 34360099 PMCID: PMC8345811 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review elaborates on the aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of temporomandibular (TMD) myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) regulated by psychosocial factors. MPS impairs functioning in society due to the accompanying pain. Directed and self-directed biopsychosocial profile modulation may be beneficial in the treatment of MPS. Moreover, nutrition is also a considerable part of musculoskeletal system health. A fruit and vegetable diet contributes to a reduction in chronic pain intensity because of its anti-inflammatory influence. Cannabidiol (CBD) oils may also be used in the treatment as they reduce stress and anxiety. A promising alternative treatment may be craniosacral therapy which uses gentle fascia palpation techniques to decrease sympathetic arousal by regulating body rhythms and release fascial restrictions between the cranium and sacrum. MPS is affected by the combined action of the limbic, autonomic, endocrine, somatic, nociceptive, and immune systems. Therefore, the treatment of MPS should be deliberated holistically as it is a complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Golanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Klara Saczuk
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Monika Domarecka
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Joanna Kuć
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Bialystok, 24 A M. Sklodowskiej-Curie St., 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.S.); (M.D.)
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20
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Ellement JK, Virues-Ortega J, Boris A. Electromyography of diurnal bruxism during assessment and treatment. J Appl Behav Anal 2021; 54:1652-1666. [PMID: 34260743 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diurnal bruxism among individuals with intellectual disabilities is often measured on the basis of its auditory products, thereby precluding the contingent presentation of stimuli during silent bruxism events. Electromyography (EMG) offers a technological solution to the identification of all bruxism events. EMG has not been previously evaluated in nonvocal clients with intellectual disabilities in the context of functional analysis and treatment. In the current series of analyses, we suggest a set of methods to implement EMG technology with this population. In Analysis 1, we propose a strategy for systematically identifying bruxism events. In Analysis 2 we evaluate an EMG staff-training package with naïve interventionists without past experience with EMG technology. Finally, Analysis 3 presents a practical example of this method during the functional analysis and treatment of a client with frequent diurnal bruxism.
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21
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Analysis of the Statistical Comparability of the Hardness and Wear of Polymeric Materials for Orthodontic Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112925. [PMID: 34071606 PMCID: PMC8197806 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Clinical success depends on the contact strength and wear resistance of medical devices made of polymer materials. The scientific goal resulted from the problem of using different methods of surface evaluation of materials used in the production of orthodontic appliances. The purpose of the work was an experimental comparative assessment of indentation hardness and scratch hardness and the sliding wear of four selected polymeric materials used in the manufacture of orthodontic appliances. Methods: Four commercial materials were compared. Shore hardness tests and a scratch test with a Rockwell indenter were performed. A sliding wear test was performed using the ball-on-disc method. Statistical PCA and correlation analyses were performed. Results: The results of scratch hardness measurements using a contact profilometer correlated with the Shore hardness to a greater extent than measurements made using an optical microscope. PCA showed that Shore hardness explains 45% of the total variance in all the results across the materials. Conclusions: The scratch hardness method allows for a more explicit ranking of orthodontic polymeric materials when measurements are made with a profilometer. The ranking of sliding wear resistance should be made separately.
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22
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Kef K. Application of Botulinum Toxin in Patients with Secondary Otalgia Caused by Bruxism. J Pain Res 2021; 14:1051-1059. [PMID: 33907453 PMCID: PMC8064681 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s292550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of botulinum toxin administration in patients who consulted the otolaryngology clinic with secondary otalgia caused by bruxism. Introduction Botulinum toxin can be applied to the hypertrophic muscles in patients who suffer from facial asymmetry even though they do not experience pain. Injection intervals and the condition of the muscles should be monitored as botulinum toxin applications to the muscles may result in decreased muscle strength and chewing difficulties. Methods This prospective study was conducted with bruxism patients at Private Kesan Hospital otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic between August 2019 and December 2019. The diagnosis was based on the anamnesis and physical examination of the patient. The Visual Analogue Scale was used to evaluate patients' pain levels throughout the treatment. Results A total of 37 patients, between 19 and 51 years old, 22 (59.46%) females and 15 (40.54%) males, who consulted to the otolaryngology clinic in Private Kesan Hospital between August 2019 and December 2019 with a diagnosis of otalgia caused by bruxism were included in the study. Nine patients (24.3%) had facial asymmetry due to masseter muscle hypertrophy. The average age of the participants was 34.00 ± 9.13 years old. Two weeks after the application of botulinum toxin, patients' complaints subsided. In patients with facial asymmetry, it was observed that asymmetry decreased after the 2nd month and noticeably improved after the 4th month. Discussion Bruxism should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with ear pain. Botulinum toxin can be applied in patients who do not respond adequately to classical treatments such as medical treatments, chewing training, neck and facial muscle relaxation techniques, psychological support, and dental splint applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Kef
- Private Kesan Hospital, Department of ENT, Edirne, Turkey
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23
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Sharma M, Tiwari J, Acharya UR. Automatic Sleep-Stage Scoring in Healthy and Sleep Disorder Patients Using Optimal Wavelet Filter Bank Technique with EEG Signals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3087. [PMID: 33802799 PMCID: PMC8002569 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sleep stage classification plays a pivotal role in effective diagnosis and treatment of sleep related disorders. Traditionally, sleep scoring is done manually by trained sleep scorers. The analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals recorded during sleep by clinicians is tedious, time-consuming and prone to human errors. Therefore, it is clinically important to score sleep stages using machine learning techniques to get accurate diagnosis. Several studies have been proposed for automated detection of sleep stages. However, these studies have employed only healthy normal subjects (good sleepers). The proposed study focuses on the automated sleep-stage scoring of subjects suffering from seven different kind of sleep disorders such as insomnia, bruxism, narcolepsy, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE), periodic leg movement (PLM), rapid eye movement (REM) behavioural disorder and sleep-disordered breathing as well as normal subjects. The open source physionet's cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) sleep database is used for this study. The EEG epochs are decomposed into sub-bands using a new class of optimized wavelet filters. Two EEG channels, namely F4-C4 and C4-A1, combined are used for this work as they can provide more insights into the changes in EEG signals during sleep. The norm features are computed from six sub-bands coefficients of optimal wavelet filter bank and fed to various supervised machine learning classifiers. We have obtained the highest classification performance using an ensemble of bagged tree (EBT) classifier with 10-fold cross validation. The CAP database comprising of 80 subjects is divided into ten different subsets and then ten different sleep-stage scoring tasks are performed. Since, the CAP database is unbalanced with different duration of sleep stages, the balanced dataset also has been created using over-sampling and under-sampling techniques. The highest average accuracy of 85.3% and Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.786 and accuracy of 92.8% and Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.915 are obtained for unbalanced and balanced databases, respectively. The proposed method can reliably classify the sleep stages using single or dual channel EEG epochs of 30 s duration instead of using multimodal polysomnography (PSG) which are generally used for sleep-stage scoring. Our developed automated system is ready to be tested with more sleep EEG data and can be employed in various sleep laboratories to evaluate the quality of sleep in various sleep disorder patients and normal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Sharma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Infrastructure, Technology, Research and Management (IITRAM), Ahmedabad 380026, India;
| | - Jainendra Tiwari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Infrastructure, Technology, Research and Management (IITRAM), Ahmedabad 380026, India;
| | - U. Rajendra Acharya
- School of Engineering, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore 599489, Singapore;
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- School of Management and Enterprise, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield 4300, Australia
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24
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Carter K, McKenzie CT. Bruxism and Stress Among Veterans With Gulf War Illness. Mil Med 2021; 186:e179-e185. [PMID: 33128554 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usaa374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction
This study explores perceived stress and experience with bruxism among veterans with Gulf War Illness (GWI). Stress may manifest physically as bruxism, a parafunctional oral activity that consists of teeth grinding and/or clenching.
Materials and Methods
An online survey of GWI veterans (n = 28, 27.7% response rate) assessed perceived general stress and self-reported behaviors, symptoms, and outcomes associated with bruxism. Survey questions also collected basic demographic data and past military experience. The appropriate Institutional Review Board approved this study (IRB-300001376). Statistical analyses utilized both analysis of variance and linear regression techniques in addition to descriptive statistics.
Results
This sample of GWI veterans reported higher levels of perceived stress (M = 20.2, SD = 7.0) than general population males (M = 12.1, SD = 5.9). A majority of GWI veterans reported both grinding (77.8%) and clenching (85.2%) teeth on a weekly or daily basis. Grinding frequency did not predict perceived stress scale values (F = 2.38, P = .11). Clenching frequency did significantly predict perceived stress scale values (F = 4.07, P = .03). Those who reported daily clenching had significantly higher perceived stress scores (M = 22.17, SD = 5.87) than did those who reported never clenching (M = 12.00, SD = 5.35). Length of military service did not significantly predict perceived stress or bruxism experience.
Conclusions
GWI veterans reported higher levels of perceived stress in comparison with that of general population males. Both the high frequency of teeth grinding and clenching in these patients is a potential physical manifestation of the high perceived stress levels reported. It is imperative that both military and civilian dentists and physicians are aware of the potential for increased stress and consequently bruxism in this patient population as it can have negative impacts on oral and mental health. Treatment of these patients can include but is not limited to behavior modification, stress reduction training, and the fabrication of mouth guards. The dental and medical implications of bruxism and stress in veterans with GWI should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandis Carter
- Lieutenant, Dental Corps, U.S. Navy Advanced Education in General Dentistry Fisher Dental Clinic, Bldg. 237 NMRTC Great Lakes 2410 Sampson St., Great Lakes, IL 60088, USA
| | - Carly T McKenzie
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
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25
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Dimova-Gabrovska MI, Maksimovskaya LN, Dimitrova DG. [Changes in the oral mucosa in patients with bruxism]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2021; 100:48-52. [PMID: 35081701 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202110006248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine changes in the oral mucosa in patients with bruxism using the method of autofluorescence stomatoscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS 50 patients with bruxism aged 35-65 years were examined at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria. Using the digital diagnostic system OccluSense (Bausch, Germany), deviations in static and dynamic occlusion were determined. For the diagnosis of precancerous diseases and early stages of malignant neoplasms of the oral mucosa, we used the method of autofluorescent stomatoscopy using a LED stomatoscope «AFS» made in Russia with radiation in the spectral range of 400 nm. RESULTS The normal mucous membrane of the mouth at this frequency of the spectrum has a green glow. Metabolic and/or structural changes occurring at the cellular and/or tissue level of the oral mucosa lead to a change in its optical properties.Analysis of occlusion in 50 patients with bruxism showed uneven distribution of the chewing load. In 60% of patients, the presence of supercontacts was revealed, and in 76% of cases, occlusion disorders were detected, in 88% of patients, hyperkeratosis of the buccal mucosa was noted, and in 77.3% they were localized along the line of closing of the teeth. CONCLUSION Examination of the oral mucosa using the autofluorescent stomatoscopy method allows visualizing and, accordingly, objectifying the presence of hyperkeratotic changes in the buccal mucosa in patients with bruxism. The APS apparatus allows for a reliable and effective assessment of non-inflammatory and inflammatory changes, precancerous and cancerous lesions, which makes it indispensable for the manifestation of oncological alertness in the daily clinical practice of dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L N Maksimovskaya
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moskow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
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Heyat MBB, Lai D, Akhtar F, Hayat MAB, Azad S, Azad S, Azad S. Bruxism Detection Using Single‐Channel C4‐A1 on Human Sleep S2 Stage Recording. INTELL DATA ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119544487.ch17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Actinomycosis as a Rare Local Manifestation of Severe Periodontitis. Case Rep Dent 2020; 2020:5961452. [PMID: 32089900 PMCID: PMC7021467 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5961452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection primarily caused by anaerobic gram-positive filamentous bacteria, primarily of the genus Actinomyces. Oral-cervicofacial actinomycosis is the localization found most often, presenting as a soft tissue swelling, an abscess, a mass lesion, or sometimes an ulcerative lesion. Periodontitis-like lesions, however, are rare findings. This report describes the case of a 41-year-old healthy female patient (nonsmoker), who was referred to the clinic with dull and throbbing pain in the second quadrant. Tooth 25 showed increased mobility and probing pocket depths up to 10 mm, with profuse bleeding upon probing. Radiographically, considerable interproximal horizontal bone loss was found, and the diagnosis of periodontitis stage 3, grade C was made. The situation was initially stabilized with adhesive splinting and local anti-infective therapy. Two weeks later, the bone defect was treated with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using a xenogenic filler material (BioOss Collagen) and a resorbable membrane (Bio-Gide). Due to a suspicious appearance of the excised granulation tissue, the collected fragments were sent for histopathological evaluation. This evaluation revealed a chronic granulomatous inflammation with the presence of filamentous bacterial colonies, consistent with Actinomyces. The patient was successfully treated. While there are only few reports in the literature, actinomycotic lesions represent a rare but possible finding in cases with localized periodontal destruction. In conclusion, systematic biopsy of the infrabony tissue in localized periodontal lesions may help to provide a more accurate counting of Actinomyces-associated lesions, thereby improving diagnosis, therapy, and prevention.
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Association of oral parafunctional habits with anxiety and the Big-Five Personality Traits in the Saudi adult population. Saudi Dent J 2020; 33:90-98. [PMID: 33551622 PMCID: PMC7848802 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral parafunctional habits are related to any abnormal hyperactivity of the oromandibular system. They are prevalent in all societies in varying intensity and have potential physical and psychological implications. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to determine the prevalence of various types of oral parafunctional habits in the Saudi adult population, and (2) to examine their association with and the level of anxiety and personality factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with an electronic data collection form distributed to the public through social media. The questionnaire comprised of the following: (a) demographic information, (b) the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), (c) the Ten-Item of Big-Five Personality Traits, (d) a list of oral parafunctional habits. Data were analysed using a Pearson’s Chi square and binary logistic regression. Results The participants reported several parafunctional habits including daily gum chewing (86%), lip/object biting (59%), clenching (45%), nail biting (36%) and grinding (32%). Males were 3 [2.3–3.7] times and younger age groups were 1.5 [1.1–2.0] times more likely to be associated with nail biting compared to their counter groups (adj.P < 0.001 and adj.P = 0.007). Lip/object biting was significantly 1.3 [1.1–1.7] times more prevalent in males (adj.P = 0.015). Participants who reported being extroverts were more likely to be associated with clenching (46.4%) (P = 0.024). An emotionally stable person was significantly less likely to be associated with nail biting (28.4%), grinding (24.9%), clenching (35.8%), and lip/object biting (48.4%) (P < 0.001each). Participants who reported conscientiousness and emotional stability were significantly less associated with TMD (P = 0.007, P < 0.001). Conclusion Oral parafunctional habits are highly prevalent in the Saudi adult population in varying degrees. Possible risk factors include males, younger age groups, single people, and being financially constrained.
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The Relationship between Sleep Bruxism Intensity and Renalase Concentration-An Enzyme Involved in Hypertension Development. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010016. [PMID: 31861602 PMCID: PMC7019696 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Renalase, a novel amine oxidase, is involved in the development of hypertension. Sleep bruxism (SB) is a sleep-related behavior characterized by rhythmic or non-rhythmic activity of the masticatory muscles, which leads to the mechanical wear of teeth, pain in the masticatory muscles, and disturbed sleep. Recent studies indicate that SB plays a role in increased blood pressure. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep bruxism intensity and renalase concentration, which may help in the future to elucidate the pathogenesis of hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. Material and methods: SB was evaluated in 87 adult patients using single-night diagnostic polysomnography with video and audio recordings, and the episodes of bruxism were scored according to the standards of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The levels of serum renalase were measured in the patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: SB (Bruxism Episode Index (BEI) ≥2) was diagnosed in 54% (n = 47) of the studied population, and the mean concentration of renalase was found to be decreased in the hypertensive group compared with the normotensive group (133.33 ± 160.71 vs 219.23 ± 220.58, p = 0.047). In addition, a linear negative correlation was observed between the renalase concentration and the body mass index (BMI) in the SB group (r = 0.38, p < 0.05) but not in controls. Thus, higher BEI and higher BMI were identified as factors independently associated with the lower concentration of renalase, but only in the group of patients which had a blood renalase concentration of >212.5 ng/mL. Conclusion: There exists an association between renalase concentration and SB intensity, and further studies are needed to clarify the role of renalase in the pathogenesis of hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders.
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Przystańska A, Jasielska A, Ziarko M, Pobudek-Radzikowska M, Maciejewska-Szaniec Z, Prylińska-Czyżewska A, Wierzbik-Strońska M, Gorajska M, Czajka-Jakubowska A. Psychosocial Predictors of Bruxism. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2069716. [PMID: 31737656 PMCID: PMC6815662 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2069716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate the psychosocial predictors of bruxism. The association of various psychosocial factors such as alexithymia, emotional processing, state and trait anxiety, and stress with awake bruxism was analysed. METHODS The study involved 52 volunteers diagnosed with awake bruxism. The toolkit that was used included the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Emotional Processing Scale (EPS), the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the State- and Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI), with independent individual psychological diagnoses being made for every patient. The results were statistically analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24. RESULTS The obtained data clearly show that psychological traits-both permanent dispositions (e.g., state anxiety and alexithymia) and temporary states (e.g., trait anxiety, emotional processing deficits, and psychological stress)-are significant determinants of awake bruxism. The percentage of explained variance indicates the presence of other factors as well. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial factors such as state anxiety and trait anxiety, alexithymia, and perceived stress are as important as somatic causes in the occurrence and maintenance of awake bruxism. The profile of the obtained data suggests the possibility of preventing or minimizing the symptoms of awake bruxism through properly constructed psychoprophylactic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Przystańska
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Division of Prosthodontics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Michał Ziarko
- Institute of Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pobudek-Radzikowska
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Division of Prosthodontics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zofia Maciejewska-Szaniec
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Division of Prosthodontics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Prylińska-Czyżewska
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Division of Prosthodontics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Gorajska
- Institute of Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Czajka-Jakubowska
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Division of Prosthodontics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Lan TH, Pan CY, Liu PH, Chou MMC. Fracture Resistance of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns in Implant Prostheses in Patients with Bruxism. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12101623. [PMID: 31108872 PMCID: PMC6567035 DOI: 10.3390/ma12101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the minimum required thickness of a monolithic zirconia crown in the mandibular posterior area for patients with bruxism. Forty-nine full zirconia crowns, with seven different occlusal thicknesses of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 mm, were made by using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system (CAD/CAM). Seven crowns in each group were subjected to cyclic loading at 800 N and 5 Hz in a servohydraulic testing machine until fracture or completion of 100,000 cycles. Seven finite element models comprising seven different occlusal thicknesses of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 mm were simulated using three different loads of vertical 800 N, oblique 10 degrees 800 N, and vertical 800 N + x N torque (x = 10, 50, and 100). The results of cyclic loading tests showed that the fracture resistance of the crown was positively associated with thickness. Specimen breakage differed significantly according to the different thicknesses of the prostheses (p < 0.01). Lowest von Mises stress values were determined for prostheses with a minimal thickness of 1.0 mm in different loading directions and with different forces. Zirconia specimens of 1.0 mm thickness had the lowest stress values and high fracture resistance and under 800 N of loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsun Lan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Yun Pan
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Pao-Hsin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82442, Taiwan.
| | - Mitch M C Chou
- Department of Materials & Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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Martynowicz H, Smardz J, Michalek-Zrabkowska M, Gac P, Poreba R, Wojakowska A, Mazur G, Wieckiewicz M. Evaluation of Relationship Between Sleep Bruxism and Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) Scores: A Polysomnographic Study. Front Neurol 2019; 10:487. [PMID: 31139138 PMCID: PMC6527752 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep bruxism (SB) is a masticatory muscle activity during sleep characterized by teeth clenching or grinding and/or bracing or thrusting of the mandible. Morning headache is considered as a common symptom of SB; however, the relationship between SB and headache and its impact on patient's life is not clear. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between SB using polysomnography with video/audio recording and Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) scores. SB was evaluated in respondents by single-night diagnostic polysomnography with video/audio recording. The study found that Bruxism Episode Index was similar in the group with significant impact of headache on patient's life (HIT-6 score ≥ 50) and in group with little or no impact (HIT-6 score < 50). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between bruxism associated with arousal and HIT-6 score (r = 0.51, p < 0.05) and between mixed bruxism and HIT-6 score (r = 0.58, p < 0.05) in the subgroup with phasic bruxism. The results indicated the relationship between SB and impact of severity of headache on the patient's life measured by HIT-6 is only modest. It was also found that the impact of severity of headache measured by HIT-6 is altered only in those with phasic bruxism and is associated with arousal. Further research should elucidate the factors influencing the relationship between SB and headache. Trial Registration: Clinical Trials NCT03083405, WMU1/2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03083405
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Smardz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Gac
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Poreba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wojakowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Demjaha G, Kapusevska B, Pejkovska-Shahpaska B. Bruxism Unconscious Oral Habit in Everyday Life. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:876-881. [PMID: 30962854 PMCID: PMC6447347 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bruxism is defined as an unconscious oral habit of rhythmical, unfunctional clenching, grinding and making chewy sounds with the teeth while making movements that are not part of the masticatory function and that lead to occlusal trauma. AIM The purpose of this article is to show the habit bruxism, in everyday life, reviewing literature data. METHODS Data was researched by using information on the internet on Researchgate, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, by analysing written articles and books and student books. From 200 articles that were analysed, 45 articles and two textbooks were involved in writing of this review article. RESULTS Results derived from the analyzed literature, classify the main consequences of bruxism, from fatigue, pain, wasting of the incisal edges and occlusal surfaces of the teeth to loss of teeth, dental implants, headaches, periodontal lesions and TMD (dysfunctions of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ)) in severe cases. All these problems negatively affect the quality of everyday life of the patient. CONCLUSION Bruxism as a parafunctional habit is present in everyday life needing a multidisciplinary approach for prevention of the teeth, bone and prosthetic restorations. The prevalence of bruxism is growing related to stress, drugs, changes in lifestyle, bad nutrition and sleep problems. The therapist should follow signs and symptoms to ensure the best treatment plan of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biljana Kapusevska
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Budima Pejkovska-Shahpaska
- University Dental Clinic St. Pantelejmon, Departement for Removable Prosthetics, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Toyama N, Ekuni D, Taniguchi-Tabata A, Kataoka K, Yamane-Takeuchi M, Fujimori K, Kobayashi T, Fukuhara D, Irie K, Azuma T, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. Awareness of Clenching and Underweight are Risk Factors for Onset of Crowding in Young Adults: A Prospective 3-Year Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050690. [PMID: 30813621 PMCID: PMC6427134 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bruxism is a parafunctional activity that can seriously affect quality of life. Although bruxism induces many problems in the oral and maxillofacial area, whether it contributes to the onset of malocclusion remains unclear. The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the association between the onset of malocclusion and awareness of clenching during the daytime in young adults. Among 1,092 Okayama University students who underwent normal occlusion at baseline, we analysed 238 who had undergone a dental examination and had complete data after 3 years (2013–2016). We also performed subgroup analysis to focus on the association between awake bruxism and the onset of crowding (n = 216). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analyses. The incidences of malocclusion and crowding were 53.8% and 44.5%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, awareness of clenching was a risk factor for crowding (OR: 3.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–12.17). Moreover, underweight (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2) was related to the onset of malocclusion (OR: 2.34; 95%CI: 1.11–4.92) and crowding (OR: 2.52, 95%CI: 1.25–5.76). These results suggest that awareness of clenching during the daytime and underweight are risk factors for the onset of crowding in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Toyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Kota Kataoka
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Mayu Yamane-Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Kohei Fujimori
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Terumasa Kobayashi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Daiki Fukuhara
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Irie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 West 168 Street 141 Black Building, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- Health Service Center, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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Sai Moulika J, Aparna Reddy S, Krishna Mohan VS, Manthri R, Kalawat TC. Hyperphysiological F-18 Fludeoxyglucose Uptake of Masticator Muscles in a Case of Awake Bruxism. Indian J Nucl Med 2018; 33:342-344. [PMID: 30386059 PMCID: PMC6194769 DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_71_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
F-18 FDG is a tracer of glucose metabolism, which is commonly used in PET/CT for oncological diagnosis and staging. F-18 FDG uptake represents the glycolytic activity in the cell. Physiological FDG concentration may be noted often in the muscles of head and neck, tongue, muscles on mastication, extra ocular muscles due to eye movements, cricopharyngeus and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles on phonation, etc. Here we report a case of Awake Bruxism, who came for F-18 FDG PET/CT for evaluation of Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO), showing intense F-18 FDG uptake symmetrically in masticator muscles. Bruxism is a habit of involuntary spasmodic grinding or clenching of teeth. Many factors like psychosocial, genetic, certain medications and sleep disorders are known to be associated with bruxism. Therefore knowledge of physiological F-18 FDG uptake as well as artifactual uptake is essential for nuclear medicine physicians, to avoid ambiguity in diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sai Moulika
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Aparna Reddy
- Department of Rheumatology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - V S Krishna Mohan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ranadheer Manthri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T C Kalawat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Padmaja Satheeswarakumar L, Elenjickal TJ, Ram SKM, Thangasamy K. Assessment of Mandibular Surface Area Changes in Bruxers Versus Controls on Panoramic Radiographic Images: A Case Control Study. Open Dent J 2018; 12:753-761. [PMID: 30369985 PMCID: PMC6182875 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bruxism is the commonest of the many parafunctional activities of the masticatory system. Opinions on the causes of bruxism were numerous and widely varying. It can occur during sleep as well as wakefulness. Bruxism was for long considered a major cause of tooth wear. Other effects of bruxism may include tooth movement and tooth mobility, as well as changes in oral soft tissues and jaw bone. Since the exact etiology and manifestations are unclear, it was difficult to diagnose Bruxism. In this study, we evaluated the area change as measured from digital panoramic radiographs that can occur in the lower jaw bone in those with Bruxism and compared the results with non-bruxers. Aims and Objective: To determine the surface area changes of the mandible, condylar and coronoid processes in Bruxers from Panoramic radiographs and to compare and contrast the changes with age and gender matched controls. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. The total sample size was 40. The sample was divided into two groups, Bruxers and non-bruxers with 20 subjects in each group. Healthy volunteers aged between 20- 30 years diagnosed with Bruxism and Healthy volunteers aged between 20- 30 years diagnosed without Bruxism were included in group II (Non-Bruxers). Bruxchecker was made use of in confirming the Bruxism in Group I. The Panoramic radiograph was used as the imaging modality for the study. The measurements were made with the help of software, Image J. All the measurements were tabulated and statistical analysis was made using ANOVA (Post hoc) followed by Dunnett’s test and unpaired t test. Results: A comparison of the mandibular surface area as a whole and also condylar and coronoid processes individually were carried out. Significant results were obtained in case of condylar and coronoid processes between the two groups. The surface area of condylar process of Group I was found to be lower than that of Group II. The surface area of the right coronoid process of group I was found to be less when compared to that of group II but the values of the left coronoid process of group I was found to be more when compared with group II. The surface area of the mandible showed no significant difference between the groups. There was significant difference between the genders in case of mandible, condyle and coronoid. The surface area of mandible and condylar process was found to be lower in female when compared to male. The surface area of coronoid process was found to be more in case of females when compared to that of males in Group I. The results of our study show that while the overall surface area of bruxers remain unaffected when compared to controls, the condylar and coronoid process show significant change. The hitherto belief that the primary brunt of bruxism is borne by the masseter would require a revisit since alteration in tonicity of the masseter would reflect in surface area change of the mandible as a whole. An increase in the surface area of the coronoid process in bruxers was observed in our study which could be attributed to altered activity of the temporalis, a muscle largely responsible for the posture of the mandible. This could imply that bruxers show alteration in temporalis activity which would explain several clinical manifestations such as headache, neck pain, shoulder pain and altered posture and so on which we have observed in the clinical practice of neuromuscular dentistry. Further studies examining the activity of the temporalis and masseter would further corroborate our findings and form the basis for future research in this arena. Conclusion: This original research was carried out to assess the surface area changes in mandible and condylar and coronoid processes of Bruxers and non-bruxers. The results showed significant changes in the surface area of condylar and coronoid process in Bruxers when compared to the controls. This is an area of study with paucity of available literature. This study would be a stepping stone for future studies in this arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Padmaja Satheeswarakumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanya Kumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tatu Joy Elenjickal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanya Kumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shashi Kiran Mohan Ram
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanya Kumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kartheesan Thangasamy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanya Kumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
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Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Korporowicz E, Gozdowski D, Lecka-Ambroziak A, Szalecki M. Oral findings in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1331-1339. [PMID: 30006686 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the significance of changes in the saliva in the etiology of gingivitis and tooth wear in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 80 (2.8-18 years old; 39 girls and 41 boys): 40 in PWS group (mean age 8.0 ± 4.24 years) and 40 in control group (mean age 7.9 ± 4.12 years). General condition, oral para-functional habits, tooth wear (modified TWI), oral hygiene and gingival status (Plaque Index (PLI) and Gingival Index (GI)), localization of gingivitis, and salivary characteristics were assessed. The chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's rank correlation, and odds ratio based on logistic regression in a statistical analysis were applied. RESULTS Chances of gingivitis were increased by low PLI (odds ratio (OR) = 32.53), low resting salivary flow (OR = 3.96), increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 3.54), and mouth breathing (OR = 8.17). For gingivitis in anterior regions, low PLI (OR = 107.67), low resting (OR = 5.73) and stimulated (OR = 1.86) salivary flow, increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 5.87), mouth breathing (OR = 10.00), and low stimulated salivary flow (OR = 3.18) were observed. Tooth wear rates were increased by teeth grinding (OR = 16.20), mouth breathing (OR = 4.33), increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 11.67) and low resting (OR = 6.07), and stimulated (OR = 4.22) salivary flow. CONCLUSIONS In PWS, reduced salivary secretion, increased viscosity, of saliva and mouth breathing increase the risk of plaque-induced gingivitis and tooth wear. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The prevention and treatment of tooth wear and gingivitis in PWS patients is necessary not only to treat bruxism and mouth breathing but also to limit the influence of negative changes of saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Miodowa 18, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Emil Korporowicz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Miodowa 18, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Gozdowski
- Department of Experimental Statistics and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lecka-Ambroziak
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Dzieci Polskich 20, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Szalecki
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Dzieci Polskich 20, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UJK, Kielce, Poland
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Alharby A, Alzayer H, Almahlawi A, Alrashidi Y, Azhar S, Sheikho M, Alandijani A, Aljohani A, Obied M. Parafunctional Behaviors and Its Effect on Dental Bridges. J Clin Med Res 2017; 10:73-76. [PMID: 29317951 PMCID: PMC5755645 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3304w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parafunctional behaviors, especially bruxism, are not uncommon among patient visiting dentists’ clinics daily and they constitute a major dental issue for almost all dentists. Many researchers have focused on the definition, pathophysiology, and treatment of these behaviors. These parafunctional behaviors have a considerable negative impact on teeth and dental prothesis. In this review, we focused on the impact of parafunctional behaviors on dental bridges. We summarized the definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and consequences of parafunctional behaviors. In addition, we reviewed previous dental literature studies that demonstrated the effect of bruxism or other parafunctional behaviors on dental bridges and dental prothesis. In conclusion, parafunctional behaviors are common involuntary movements involving the masticatory system. They are more prevalent among children. These behaviors have deleterious effects on dental structures. Causes of parafunctional behaviors include anxiety, depression, smoking, caffeine intake, sleep disorders, or central neurotransmitter dysfunction. Bruxism and other similar masticatory system activity cause dental fracture, loss, and weardown of enamel or teeth. They can also affect different types of dental protheses both fixed and removable types. Parafunctional behaviors shorten the life expectancy of these protheses, and damage residual dentition and denture-bearing tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Alharby
- Department of Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Alzayer
- Department of Dentistry, Primary Health Care, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Almahlawi
- Department of Dentistry, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeed Alrashidi
- Department of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samaa Azhar
- Department of Dentistry, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maan Sheikho
- Department of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alandijani
- Department of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Aljohani
- Department of Dentistry, Buraydah Colleges, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Obied
- Department of Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Aguilera SB, Brown L, Perico VA. Aesthetic Treatment of Bruxism. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2017; 10:49-55. [PMID: 28670358 PMCID: PMC5479477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bruxism is a diurnal or nocturnal parafunctional activity that includes unconscious clenching, grinding, or bracing of the teeth. An extensive medical history should be taken in these patients so proper diagnosis can be made. Habits such as biting the tongue, cheeks or lips, chewing gum or eating seeds for many hours per day, biting nails, and/or biting hard objects, will cause and/or exacerbate pre-existing bruxism. The etiology of bruxism is uncertain, but it is hypothesized to be associated with genetic, structural, and psychosocial factors. Over time, chronic clenching of the jaw leads to hypertrophy of masseters and temporalis musculature causing the face to take on a masculine and square appearance. Patients commonly present to dermatology cosmetic practices wishing to have a more slim, softer appearing face. This review is the first paper to discuss aesthetic treatment options for complications of bruxism including masseter and temporalis hypertrophy and the associated accelerated aging of the lower face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Bay Aguilera
- Volunteer Professor, Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Liza Brown
- Dermatology Resident—PGY3, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, Florida
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Enguelberg-Gabbay JV, Schapir L, Israeli Y, Hermesh H, Weizman A, Winocur E. Methadone treatment, bruxism, and temporomandibular disorders among male prisoners. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 124:266-71. [PMID: 27041534 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is little information on bruxism related to illicit drug use. Prolonged drug use may damage the stomatognathic system via oral motor overactivity. The aim of the present study was to compare the rates of bruxism and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) between prisoners with and without drug-use disorders, to evaluate the association between methadone treatment and bruxism and to assess the possible relationship between bruxism and pain. The sample included 152 male prisoners, 69 of whom were drug users maintained on methadone. All prisoners were examined by an experienced dentist and completed a questionnaire on their oral habits, with the aim of detecting signs or symptoms of TMD and/or bruxism. Additional data were collected from medical files. The prevalence of sleep bruxism and awake bruxism, but not of TMDs, was significantly higher among drug-user than non-drug user prisoners (52.2% vs. 34.9% for sleep bruxism, 59.7% vs. 30.1% for awake bruxism, and 46.3% vs. 25.6% for TMDs, respectively). Participants with awake bruxism were statistically more sensitive to muscle palpation compared with participants with sleep bruxism [rating scores (mean ± SD): 0.32 ± 0.21 vs. 0.19 ± 0.28, respectively]. An association was found between sleep bruxism and awake bruxism. It seems that there is a direct or an indirect association between methadone maintenance treatment and sleep bruxism or awake bruxism in male prisoners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lior Schapir
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yair Israeli
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Haggai Hermesh
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Campus, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ephraim Winocur
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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