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Ajayi AF, Ogundipe OO, Hamed MA, Oluwole DT. Skoochies and its component substances induced testicular damage and impaired sperm function via increased generation of reactive oxygen species and impairment of the glutathione system in rats. F&S SCIENCE 2024:S2666-335X(24)00040-5. [PMID: 39004305 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of skoochies, an illicit cocktail drink, on testicular and sperm function in male rats. DESIGN Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were assigned randomly into five groups (n = 5) as follows: normal saline; skoochies; Cannabis sativa; codeine; and tramadol. The cocktail (skoochies) used in this study was formulated with the following composition: codeine (5 mg/kg); tramadol (20 mg/kg); and cannabis extract (2 mg/kg). These doses are as previously reported. Administration was performed once daily for 28 days. SETTING University. ANIMAL(S) Twenty-five (25) male Wistar rats. INTERVENTION(S) Skoochies, tramadol, Codeiene, Cannabis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Skoochies and its components induced testicular and sperm damage via increased generation of reactive oxygen species and impairment of glutathione system in rats. RESULT(S) Skoochies increased reactive oxygen species generation and impaired the antioxidant system resulting in inflammation that eventually damaged the testicular tissue. Skoochies caused oxidoinflammatory injury to this tissue, leading to impaired testicular function. This was evident by the distorted cytoarchitecture, reduced sperm count and motility, and impaired testicular deoxyribonucleic acid integrity. CONCLUSION(S) Thus, our results infer that skoochies impaired the testicular and sperm function through the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and impairment of the glutathione system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Adeleke University, Ede, Oyo State, Nigeria; Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Moses Agbomhere Hamed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria; Research Unit, The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - David Tolulope Oluwole
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Crescent University, Abeokuta, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Cheng LG, Miller D, Pelzman D, Wecht A, Hwang K. High rate of isolated teratospermia in a population of fertile men and the questionable clinical utility of sperm morphology. F S Rep 2024; 5:140-144. [PMID: 38983740 PMCID: PMC11228780 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To better understand the impact of sperm morphology on fertility by assessing sperm morphology in a population of known fertile men. Design A prospective cohort study. Setting Fertility center associated with the university. Patients Healthy men >18 years of age were recruited to provide one semen sample before a vasectomy appointment scheduled between March 2020 and November 2022. Patients were included in the study when they had at least one biologic child and no history of difficulty achieving pregnancy or fertility procedures. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measures Sperm morphology. Results A total of 68 patients (mean age 36.7 years) were included. Thirty-eight (55.9%) patients had 3% or lower normal sperm morphology, including two patients who had 0 normal morphology. The most common morphologic abnormalities were head-shaped defects (n = 59, 84.3%), followed by coiled tails (n = 14, 20.3%). Count, concentration, motility, and progressive motility were normal in >90% of patients. Conclusions More than half (55.9%) of fertile male patients had lower than normal sperm morphology in our study. The results of our study further question the clinical relevance of sperm morphology on fertility outcomes and when the current approach in assessing morphology is too strict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille G Cheng
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David Miller
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel Pelzman
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna Wecht
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathleen Hwang
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Barakat R, Lin PCP, Bunnell M, Oh JE, Rattan S, Arnieri C, Flaws JA, Ko CJ. Prenatal exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and high-fat diet synergistically disrupts gonadal function in male mice†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:1025-1037. [PMID: 38381622 PMCID: PMC11094389 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) impairs the reproductive system and causes fertility defects in male offspring. Additionally, high-fat (HF) diet is a risk factor for reproductive disorders in males. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to a physiologically relevant dose of DEHP in conjunction with HF diet synergistically impacts reproductive function and fertility in male offspring. Female mice were fed a control or HF diet 7 days prior to mating and until their litters were weaned on postnatal day 21. Pregnant dams were exposed to DEHP or vehicle from gestational day 10.5 until birth. The male offspring's gross phenotype, sperm quality, serum hormonal levels, testicular histopathology, and testicular gene expression pattern were analyzed. Male mice born to dams exposed to DEHP + HF had smaller testes, epididymides, and shorter anogenital distance compared with those exposed to HF or DEHP alone. DEHP + HF mice had lower sperm concentration and motility compared with DEHP mice. Moreover, DEHP + HF mice had more apoptotic germ cells, fewer Leydig cells, and lower serum testosterone levels than DEHP mice. Furthermore, testicular mRNA expression of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a was two to eight-fold higher than in DEHP mice by qPCR, suggesting that maternal HF diet and prenatal DEHP exposure additively impact gonadal function by altering the degree of DNA methylation in the testis. These results suggest that the combined exposure to DEHP and high-fat synergistically impairs reproductive function in male offspring, greater than exposure to DEHP or HF diet alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Barakat
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mary Bunnell
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ji-Eun Oh
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Saniya Rattan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Cyrus Arnieri
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - CheMyong J Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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Saad EA, Hassan HA, Ghoneum MH, Alaa El-Dein M. Edible wild plants, chicory and purslane, alleviated diabetic testicular dysfunction, and insulin resistance via suppression 8OHdg and oxidative stress in rats. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301454. [PMID: 38603728 PMCID: PMC11008903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular dysfunction is a prevalent health problem frequently reported in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Oxidative-inflammatory reactions, hormonal and spermatic abnormalities often accompany this illness. Herbal remedies "particularly wild plants" including chicory (Chicorium Intybus) and purslane (Portulaca Oleracea) are emerging as popular agents for people dealing with these issues due to their ability to act as antioxidants, reduce inflammation, and exhibit antidiabetic effects. According to the collected data, the daily administration of chicory (Ch) seed-extract (250 mg/kg) or purslane (Pu) seed-extract (200 mg/kg) to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (50 mg/kg) for 30 days resulted in the normalization of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum fructosamine, insulin levels, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), as well as reducing lipid peroxidation end-product malondialdehyde (MDA) level, aldehyde oxidase (AO) and xanthene oxidase (XO) activities. While caused a considerable improvement in glutathione (GSH) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) when compared to diabetic rats. Ch and Pu extracts had a substantial impact on testicular parameters including sperm characterization, testosterone level, vimentin expression along with improvements in body and testis weight. They also mitigated hyperlipidemia by reducing total lipids (TL), total cholesterol (TC) levels, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Furthermore, oral administration of either Ch or Pu notably attuned the elevated proinflammatory cytokines as tumor necrotic factor (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) together with reducing apoptosis and DNA damage. This was achieved through the suppression of DNA-fragmentation marker 8OHdG, triggering of caspase-3 immuno-expression, and elevation of Bcl-2 protein. The histological studies provided evidence supporting the preventive effects of Ch and Pu against DM-induced testicular dysfunction. In conclusion, Ch and Pu seed-extracts mitigate testicular impairment during DM due to their antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas A. Saad
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A. Hassan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mamdooh H. Ghoneum
- Department of Surgery, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Mai Alaa El-Dein
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Huang IS, Fantus RJ, Halpern JA, Wren J, Bennett NE, Pham MN, Stanisic A, Huang WJ, Brannigan RE. Association of the minimal cyclophosphamide equivalent dose and outcome of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with persistent azoospermia after chemotherapy. F S Rep 2024; 5:95-101. [PMID: 38524218 PMCID: PMC10958686 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether the minimal cyclophosphamide equivalent dose (mCED), a novel approach for estimating alkylating agent exposure, is associated with the sperm retrieval rates by microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) in azoospermic postchemotherapy cancer survivors. Design A retrospective cohort study conducted between 2002 and 2017. Setting An academic medical center. Patients A total of 28 azoospermic postchemotherapy cancer survivors who underwent mTESE. Interventions Chemotherapy exposure and mCED calculation. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome was the association between the mCED and sperm retrieval rate using mTESE. The mCED value for each patient's regimen received was estimated using the lowest recommended dosing regimen from the range of recommended doses at the time of administration. Results Spermatozoa were successfully retrieved in 11 (39.3%) of the patients. Age at the time of receiving chemotherapy and mCED were significant factors associated with sperm retrieval. An mCED of <4,000 mg/m2 had a higher sperm retrieval rate (10/14, 71.4%) than an mCED of >4,000 mg/m2 (0/8, 0). The hormone levels were not significantly different when comparing patients with and without successful sperm retrieval. Seminoma, nonseminomatous germ cell tumor, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia had favorable sperm retrieval rates-100% (2/2), 66.7% (2/3), and 66.7% (2/3), respectively-although the numbers of patients in each group were small. Conclusion Among this cohort of patients with cancer who required chemotherapy regimens, successful sperm retrieval by mTESE was only noted among cancer survivors receiving an mCED of <4,000 mg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Shen Huang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University. Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, and Shu-Tien Urological Science Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Richard J. Fantus
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Joshua A. Halpern
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James Wren
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nelson E. Bennett
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Minh Nguyen Pham
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alexander Stanisic
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William J. Huang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University. Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, and Shu-Tien Urological Science Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Robert E. Brannigan
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Panner Selvam MK, Moharana AK, Baskaran S, Finelli R, Hudnall MC, Sikka SC. Current Updates on Involvement of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Semen Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:279. [PMID: 38399566 PMCID: PMC10890589 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Infertility rates and the number of couples undergoing reproductive care have both increased substantially during the last few decades. Semen analysis is a crucial step in both the diagnosis and the treatment of male infertility. The accuracy of semen analysis results remains quite poor despite years of practice and advancements. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, which can analyze and synthesize large amounts of data, can address the unique challenges involved in semen analysis due to the high objectivity of current methodologies. This review addresses recent AI advancements in semen analysis. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed database. Non-English articles and studies not related to humans were excluded. We extracted data related to AI algorithms or models used to evaluate semen parameters from the original studies, excluding abstracts, case reports, and meeting reports. Results: Of the 306 articles identified, 225 articles were rejected in the preliminary screening. The evaluation of the full texts of the remaining 81 publications resulted in the exclusion of another 48 articles, with a final inclusion of 33 original articles in this review. Conclusions: AI and machine learning are becoming increasingly popular in biomedical applications. The examination and selection of sperm by andrologists and embryologists may benefit greatly from using these algorithms. Furthermore, when bigger and more reliable datasets become accessible for training, these algorithms may improve over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Ajaya Kumar Moharana
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
| | | | | | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
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Bragina E, Sorokina T, Chogovadze A, Shevchenko Y, Chernykh V, Barkhatova O, Rakovskaya I. Detection and evaluation of different morphological forms of Mycoplasma hominis in human semen. Asian J Androl 2024; 26:71-76. [PMID: 37738137 PMCID: PMC10846820 DOI: 10.4103/aja202333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently discovered microcolonial forms of Mycoplasma hominis ( M. hominis ) and their impact on human spermatogenesis are studied. The spermatozoa of 125 fertile men (sperm donors; from Reprobank [Reproductive Tissue Bank, Moscow, Russia]) and of 93 patients with fertility problems (from the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Centre for Medical Genetics [RCMG]", Moscow, Russia) were used. Classical colonies of M. hominis and microcolonies were detected by molecular biological methods, culture of bacteria, and transmission electron microscopy. The unique structure of microcolonial cells, in which the cytoplasmic cylinder is surrounded by concentric electron-dense and electron-light layers with a periodicity of 12-14 nm, and the ability of microcolonial cells to attach to spermatozoa are shown. In patients with lower sperm quality, microcolonies of M. hominis were detected 2.5 times more frequently than classical colonies. The detection of microcolonies in the ejaculate and the frequent isolation of microcolonies from sperm samples of patients with fertility problems suggest that microcolonial cells may be one cause of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Bragina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Vyacheslav Chernykh
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Olga Barkhatova
- Federal Government Budgetary Institution “National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation”, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Irina Rakovskaya
- Federal Government Budgetary Institution “National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation”, Moscow 123098, Russia
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Panner Selvam MK, Kapoor A, Baskaran S, Moharana AK, Sikka SC. A Scientometric Evaluation of COVID-19 and Male Reproductive Research. Clin Pract 2023; 13:1319-1330. [PMID: 37987419 PMCID: PMC10660474 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus showed acute and prolonged effects on human health. In addition, over the past four years, there has been a tremendous surge in COVID-19-related scientific publications, as shown by bibliometric and scientometric studies. However, such analysis of the scientific literature is lacking in the area of male reproduction. The current scientometric study analyzes publication characteristics of articles related to male reproduction and COVID-19 infection. We used the Scopus database to analyze scientometric data (the number of publications, journals, countries, type of documents, and subject area) related to COVID-19 and male reproductive research. Our literature search identified 345 articles related to COVID-19 and male reproductive research. Most of the articles were published in the USA (n = 72), Italy (n = 55), and China (n = 51). Such research was mainly focused around medicine (57.1%), followed by biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (25.7%). Also, in the area of male reproduction, only 37.1% (n = 128) of the articles contributed towards original research, whereas 52.8% (n = 182) were review articles and editorials focusing more on sexual dysfunction than infertility. Such a small number of studies published on COVID-19-related effects on male reproduction warrants a significant increase in research, which is required to decipher the mechanism(s) underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated impairment of male reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
| | | | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Ajaya Kumar Moharana
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
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Hamed MA, Akhigbe TM, Adeogun AE, Adesoye OB, Akhigbe RE. Impact of organophosphate pesticides exposure on human semen parameters and testosterone: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1227836. [PMID: 37964951 PMCID: PMC10641273 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1227836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Organophosphate (OP) pesticides have been associated with a decline in semen quality, although there are still considerable arguments about the magnitude of the association. Objective This study provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the impacts of OP pesticides on semen quality and male reproductive hormones. Methods This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols. Strategic search was conducted using combined text words as search terms. The eligibility criteria were developed based on Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome, and Study designs (PECOS) framework. Relevant data were extracted, risk of bias was evaluated by The Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) tool, and certainty of evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group guidelines. Quantitative meta-analysis was performed by using Review Manager. Results A total of 766 male subjects (349 exposed to OP pesticides and 417 unexposed controls) were included in the meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in the ejaculate volume, seminal fluid volume, sperm multiple anomaly index, sperm, and leukocytes levels of the OP-exposed subjects compared to the control. In addition, OP pesticides exposure did not significantly affect serum concentrations of FSH, LH, and testosterone in subjects who were exposed to OP pesticides compared to their unexposed counterparts. However, we found a significant reduction in the sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, total sperm motility, and normal sperm morphology of OP pesticides-exposed subjects compared to the unexposed subjects. However, after subtype and sensitivity analyses, exposure to OP pesticides did not reduce sperm count. Also, after sensitivity analysis, OP pesticides exposure did not alter progressive sperm motility. Conclusion This study demonstrates that OP pesticides exposure reduced sperm count, concentration, total and progressive motility, and normal sperm morphology, possibly via a testosterone-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses A. Hamed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Tunmise M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Agronomy, Osun State Univeristy, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Adetomiwa E. Adeogun
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin B. Adesoye
- SickleLive Foundationo, Osogb, Nigeria
- SickleLive Foundation Research Laboratory, Osogbo, Nigeria
- State Specialist Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Roland E. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Akhigbe RE, Afolabi OA, Ajayi AF. L-Arginine abrogates maternal and pre-pubertal codeine exposure-induced impaired spermatogenesis and sperm quality by modulating the levels of mRNA encoding spermatogenic genes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1180085. [PMID: 37529606 PMCID: PMC10390314 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1180085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although, codeine has been demonstrated to lower sperm quality; the effects of maternal and prepubertal codeine exposure on male offspring is yet to be reported. In addition, the effect of arginine on codeine-induced decline in sperm quality has not been explored. This study investigated the impact of maternal and prepubertal codeine exposure on spermatogenesis and sperm quality in F1 male Wistar rats to study the effect that codeine may have during recreational use in humans. Also, the effect of arginine supplementation on codeine-induced alteration in spermatogenesis and sperm quality was evaluated. Methods Female rats were treated with either 0.5 ml distilled water or codeine orally for eight weeks, and then mated with male rats (female:male, 2:1). The F1 male offsprings of both cohorts were weaned at 3 weeks old and administered distilled water, codeine, arginine, or codeine with arginine orally for eight weeks. Results Prepubertal codeine exposure in rats whose dams (female parents) were exposed to codeine delayed puberty and reduced the weight at puberty. Prepubertal codeine exposure exacerbated maternal codeine exposure-induced reduced total and daily spermatid production, sperm count, sperm motility, and normal sperm form, as well as impaired sperm plasma membrane integrity and increased not intact acrosome and damaged sperm DNA integrity. These perturbations were accompanied by a decrease in mRNA levels encoding spermatogenic genes, testicular testosterone and androgen receptor (AR) concentrations, and upregulation of sperm 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Prepubertal arginine supplementation mitigated codeine-induced alterations. Discussion This study provides novel experimental evidence that maternal and prepubertal codeine exposure reprogramed spermatogenesis and sperm quality of male FI generation by decreasing mRNA levels encoding spermatogenic genes and AR via oxidative stress-mediated signaling, which was abrogated by prepubertal arginine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Oladele A. Afolabi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Folorusho Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Zuvela E, Matson P. Analytical variability and interpretation of results of a 3-category sperm motility assessment: 5 years' of an Australian external quality assurance programme. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 47:111-119. [PMID: 37068979 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION How do laboratories perform when assessing sperm motility with a 3-category system and interpreting results as per the fifth edition of the World Health Organization manual (WHO5), and will the use of a 4-category system as per the sixth edition of the WHO manual improve their performance? DESIGN Eighty video recordings of sperm samples were sent to over 200 laboratories spanning a 5-year period for the assessment of progressive motility. The results were reviewed relative to the all-laboratory trimmed mean (ALTM) in terms of the minimum and maximum values reported, the coefficient of variation and the proportion of laboratories indicating an abnormal result. A further 20 video recordings were sent over 1 year, with 6-11 laboratories per distribution adjusting to reporting rapid progressive motility using the 4-category system. RESULTS For the 3-category system, the videos covered a mean assessed progressive motility range of 12.0-81.1%. The mean difference between the minimum and maximum values per sample was 50.3% and the coefficients of variation were negatively correlated with the ALTM (r = -0.87, P < 0.00001). Progressive motility abnormality reporting formed a sigmoid curve, and the inflection point (50% of laboratories identifying an abnormality) gave an ALTM value of 32.01%. Preliminary results for laboratories using the 4-category system showed no performance improvement but the number of laboratories was small. CONCLUSIONS Analytical variation can result in laboratories crossing the clinical cut-off of the lower reference limit for samples whose motility is close to the WHO5 lower reference limit, but is less important for samples with extreme values. The benefits of a 4-category motility system are yet to be shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Zuvela
- External Quality Assurance Schemes for Reproductive Medicine, Northlands, Western Australia, Australia; City Fertility Perth (formerly Fertility Specialists of WA), Claremont and Applecross, Perth, Western Australia.
| | - Phillip Matson
- External Quality Assurance Schemes for Reproductive Medicine, Northlands, Western Australia, Australia
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12
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Electrophysiology and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Approaches for Evaluating Gamete and Embryo Functionality in Animals and Humans. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111685. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12111685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review has examined two of the techniques most used by our research group for evaluating gamete and embryo functionality in animal species, ranging from marine invertebrates to humans. Electrophysiology has given access to fundamental information on some mechanisms underpinning the biology of reproduction. This technique demonstrates the involvement of ion channels in multiple physiological mechanisms, the achievement of homeostasis conditions, and the triggering of profound metabolic modifications, often functioning as amplification signals of cellular communication. Fluorescence spectrometry using fluorescent probes to mark specific cell structures allows detailed information to be obtained on the functional characteristics of the cell populations examined. The simple and rapid execution of this methodology allowed us to establish a panel helpful in elucidating functional features in living cells in a simultaneous and multi-parameter way in order to acquire overall drafting of gamete and embryo functionality.
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Akhigbe RE, Hamed MA, Dutta S, Sengupta P. Influence of ejaculatory abstinence period on semen quality of 5165 normozoospermic and oligozoospermic Nigerian men: A retrospective study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e722. [PMID: 36032514 PMCID: PMC9405489 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Several studies have shown that the length of ejaculatory abstinence alters sperm quality. However, the available data are conflicting and none seems to exist in a Nigerian population. The present study aims to compare the semen quality in normozoospermic and oligozoospermic semen samples of a homogenous Nigerian population, following varying ejaculatory abstinence days (EAD); less than 2, 2–3, and 3–7 days. Methods The present retrospective study included 5165 semen samples collected over 5 years, from April 2015 to April 2020. Results In normozoospermic samples, sperm count and total sperm count were significantly higher in prolonged EAD. In oligozoospermic patients, semen volume significantly increased with prolonged EAD, while sperm count, total sperm count, and progressive motility were significantly reduced with prolonged EAD. In addition, EAD and sperm volume positively correlated in oligozoospermic patients. Conclusion Our findings indicate that EAD affects sperm quality in both normozoospermic and oligozoospermic men with varying impacts. Prolonged EAD increased sperm count and total sperm count in normozoospermic patients, while EAD increased semen volume but reduced sperm count, total sperm count, and progressive motility in oligozoospermic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Oyo State Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratories Oasis of Grace Hospital Osogbo Osun State Nigeria
| | - Moses A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratories Oasis of Grace Hospital Osogbo Osun State Nigeria
- Brainwill Laboratories Osogbo Osun State Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Helath Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry MAHSA University Jenjarom Selangor Malaysia
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicin, Bioscience and Nursing MAHSA University Jenjarom Selangor Malaysia
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14
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Hellstrom WJG, Dolhain RJEM, Ritter TE, Watkins TR, Arterburn SJ, Dekkers G, Gillen A, Tonussi C, Gilles L, Oortwijn A, Van Beneden K, de Vries DE, Sikka SC, Vanderschueren D, Reinisch W. MANTA and MANTA-RAy: Rationale and Design of Trials Evaluating Effects of Filgotinib on Semen Parameters in Patients with Inflammatory Diseases. Adv Ther 2022; 39:3403-3422. [PMID: 35614292 PMCID: PMC9239965 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The phase 2 MANTA and MANTA-RAy studies were developed in consultation with global regulatory authorities to investigate potential impacts of filgotinib, a Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor, on semen parameters in men with active inflammatory diseases. Here we describe the methods and rationale for these studies. Methods and Rationale The MANTA and MANTA-RAy studies included men (aged 21–65 years) with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and rheumatic diseases, respectively. Participants had no history of reproductive health issues, and the following semen parameter values (≥ 5th percentile of World Health Organization reference values) at baseline: semen volume ≥ 1.5 mL, total sperm/ejaculate ≥ 39 million, sperm concentration ≥ 15 million/mL, sperm total motility ≥ 40% and normal sperm morphology ≥ 30%. Each trial included a 13-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled period (filgotinib 200 mg vs placebo, up to N = 125 per arm), for pooled analysis of the week-13 primary endpoint (proportion of participants with ≥ 50% decrease from baseline in sperm concentration). All semen assessments were based on two samples (≤ 14 days apart) to minimize effects of physiological variation; stringent standardization processes were applied across assessment sites. From week 13, MANTA and MANTA-RAy study designs deviated owing to disease-specific considerations. All subjects with a ≥ 50% decrease in sperm parameters continued the study in the monitoring phase until reversibility, or up to a maximum of 52 weeks, with standard of care as treatment. Overall conclusions from MANTA and MANTA-RAy will be based on the totality of the data, including secondary/exploratory measures (e.g. sperm motility/morphology, sex hormones, reversibility of any effects on semen parameters). Conclusions Despite the complexities, the MANTA and MANTA-RAy studies form a robust trial programme that is the first large-scale, placebo-controlled evaluation of potential impacts of an advanced IBD and rheumatic disease therapy on semen parameters. Trial Registration EudraCT numbers 2017-000402-38 and 2018-003933-14; ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT03201445 and NCT03926195. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-022-02168-4. Filgotinib is a treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis, and is being studied in other inflammatory diseases. Filgotinib works by blocking Janus kinase 1, an intracellular protein involved in inflammatory signalling processes. We designed the MANTA and MANTA-RAy trials with global health agencies to find out if filgotinib decreases the quality of semen in men with active inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease) (MANTA) or rheumatic disease (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis or non-radiographic axial spondylitis) (MANTA-RAy). This paper describes the design of the two trials. Patients had normal sperm measurements and could not have had previous reproductive health issues. Nearly 250 patients were included in each trial. In both MANTA and MANTA-RAy, half of the patients were treated with 200 mg of filgotinib once a day for 13 weeks, and the other half with placebo. We determined if any patients had a decrease in number of sperm cells per millilitre (sperm concentration) by at least half after 13 weeks of treatment. We then monitored any patients who had such a decrease in sperm concentration for up to 52 weeks (while they received standard of care treatment) or until the decrease was reversed. The conclusions from the trials will be in a different paper and will be based on all the final data, including changes in sex hormones. This is the first large-scale clinical trial programme to measure the effect of a treatment on sperm in men with inflammatory bowel disease or rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Suresh C Sikka
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Dirk Vanderschueren
- Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Casale M, Baldini MI, Del Monte P, Gigante A, Grandone A, Origa R, Poggi M, Gadda F, Lai R, Marchetti M, Forni GL. Good Clinical Practice of the Italian Society of Thalassemia and Haemoglobinopathies (SITE) for the Management of Endocrine Complications in Patients with Haemoglobinopathies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071826. [PMID: 35407442 PMCID: PMC8999784 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The treatment of endocrinopathies in haemoglobinopathies is a continually expanding research area; therefore, recommendations supporting the appropriateness of treatments are a pressing need for the medical community. Methods: The Management Committee of SITE selected and gathered a multidisciplinary and multi-professional team, including experts in haemoglobinopathies and experts in endocrinopathies, who have been flanked by experts with methodological and organizational expertise, in order to formulate recommendations based on the available scientific evidence integrated by personal clinical experience. The project followed the systematic approach for the production of clinical practice guidelines according to the methodology suggested by the National Center for Clinical Excellence, Quality and Safety of Care (CNEC). Results: Out of 14 topics, 100 clinical questions were addressed, and 206 recommendations were elaborated on. The strength of recommendations, panel agreement, a short general description of the topic, and the interpretation of evidence were reported. Conclusions: Good Practice Recommendations are the final outcome of translational research and allow one to transfer to the daily clinical practice of endocrine complications in haemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Casale
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-566-5432
| | - Marina Itala Baldini
- Centro Malattie Rare, UOC Medicina Interna, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.I.B.); (F.G.)
| | | | - Antonia Gigante
- Società Italiana Talassemie d Emoglobinopatie (SITE), Fondazione per la Ricerca sulle Anemie ed Emoglobinopatie in Italia—For Anemia, 16124 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Anna Grandone
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Origa
- SSD Talassemia, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico Cao, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (R.O.); (R.L.)
| | - Maurizio Poggi
- UOC Endocrinologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant’Andrea, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Franco Gadda
- Centro Malattie Rare, UOC Medicina Interna, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.I.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Rosalba Lai
- SSD Talassemia, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico Cao, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (R.O.); (R.L.)
| | - Monia Marchetti
- Day Service Ematologia, SOC Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Gian Luca Forni
- Centro Emoglobinopatie e Anemie Congenite, Ospedali Galliera, 16128 Genoa, Italy;
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Kamieniczna M, Stachowska E, Augustynowicz A, Woźniak T, Kurpisz MK. Human live spermatozoa morphology assessment using digital holographic microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4846. [PMID: 35318373 PMCID: PMC8940907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) was applied for the morphological assessment of live intact spermatozoa from fertile and infertile men directly after semen liquefaction. This method allowed us to study the sperm population directly from the sample droplet and not only from the focal plane of the microscope as in classical optical microscopy. The newly implemented 3-dimensional sperm morphological parameters (head height, acrosome/nucleus height, head/midpiece height) were included in morphological assessment of semen samples from fertile and infertile individuals. The values of the 3D parameters were less variable in fertile men than for infertile ones. DHM was also used to compare the morphological profiles of spermatozoa after applying the “swim-up” and gradient centrifugation techniques. During selection, the most statistically significant differences were observed after separation with a Percoll gradient of 90% and a 60-min “swim-up” procedure versus ‘native’ unfractionated samples. This shows that the developed methodology can be efficiently used for the selection of morphologically sound spermatozoa. The motility type for each spermatozoon was also assessed. The results indicate that the extension of the number of morphological parameters with new 3D parameters and the simultaneous assessment of sperm motility may be valuable addition to sperm examination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Metrology and Measurement Systems, Institute of Mechanical Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Augustynowicz
- Department of Metrology and Measurement Systems, Institute of Mechanical Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Woźniak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej K Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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17
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Catford SR, Halliday J, Lewis S, O'Bryan MK, Handelsman DJ, Hart RJ, McBain J, Rombauts L, Amor DJ, Saffery R, McLachlan RI. Reproductive function in men conceived with in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil Steril 2022; 117:727-737. [PMID: 35120745 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the semen quality and reproductive hormones of men conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) compared with men conceived without assisted reproductive technology (ART). DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING IVF centers in Victoria and the Western Australian Raine Study. PATIENT(S) Men conceived with IVF/ICSI and men conceived without ART aged 18-25 years. INTERVENTION(S) Clinical review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The primary outcome was the prevalence of severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration, <5 million/mL). The secondary outcomes were total sperm count, total and progressive motility, total motile count, normal morphology, and serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). RESULTS There was no difference in the prevalence of severe oligozoospermia between 120 men conceived with IVF/ICSI and 356 men conceived without ART (9% vs. 5.3%). Men conceived with IVF/ICSI had similar sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile count but lower mean total (55.3% vs. 60.6%) and progressive (44.7% vs. 53.9%) sperm motility with higher mean normal morphology (8.5% vs. 5.4%). Differences in progressive motility (ß, -9.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], -16.7 - -3.0), normal morphology (ß, 4.3; 95% CI, 3.0-5.7), and proportion with abnormal morphology (adjusted odds ratios, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.04-0.5) remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Men conceived with IVF/ICSI had lower mean FSH (3.3 IU/L) and LH (3.9 IU/L) levels and higher mean testosterone levels (19.1 nmol/L) than controls (4.2 IU/L, 11.0 IU/L, and 16.8 nmol/L). CONCLUSION This study of men conceived with IVF/ICSI found similar sperm output to men conceived without ART. Overall, the results are reassuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jane Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- The School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Department of Andrology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - John McBain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luk Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
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18
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Kamel S, Tag HM, Ebeid H, Khaled HE, Almallah AA, El-Naggar MS. Adverse effect of rheumatoid arthritis on male Wistar rat's fertility: protective role of Costus extract. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:4193-4205. [PMID: 34403061 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune complaint. Advanced treatments resort to the traditional herbal therapy. The aim of this study is to assess the protective effect of Costus extract on the fertility of male rats with Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis. Thirty male adult Wistar rats (190-200 g) were divided into six groups. They were subdivided into three groups; group I was the control group that received distilled water, and groups II and III received two various doses of Costus extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively) for 60 days. Another three groups were subjected to RA induction via Freund's adjuvant. Rats were injected a dose of 0.1 ml of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in the planter area of the left hind paw and then subdivided into 3 groups. Group I of RA-induced rats were given distilled water. The other two groups were given orally (200 and 400 mg/kg dosage of extract, respectively) from the 2nd day of RA induction for 60 days. Sex organ relative weight, sperm concentration assay, testicular histopathology and immunohistochemistry of androgen receptors, TNF α, and BAX protein were determined. The results showed that RA caused a significant decrease in the relative weight of sex organs and sperm count, which were relatively improved by doses of Costus (200, 400 mg/kg). RA induction caused testicular degeneration which markedly enhanced with Costus treatment as shown in histopathological sections. RA caused a reduction in %IHC of androgen receptors and increased expression level of both TNF α and BAX protein. Using IHC, it was revealed that RA caused a reduction in the expression level of androgen receptors and an increase in the expression of both TNF α and BAX protein. We can conclude that Costus speciosus had a potentially valuable role in improving fertility disorders caused by RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Kamel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Hend M Tag
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hala Ebeid
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Howayda E Khaled
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Amani A Almallah
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S El-Naggar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Ogundola AF, Akhigbe RE, Saka WA, Adeniyi AO, Adeshina OS, Babalola DO, Akhigbe TM. Contraceptive potential of Andrographis paniculata is via androgen suppression and not induction of oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101632. [PMID: 34479074 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata has been shown to be associated with male reproductive dysfunction, although the available data are scarce and inconsistent, and the associated mechanisms are elusive. Hormonal mechanism via hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, and non-hormonal mechanism primarily through oxidative stress, are involved in the modulation of male reproductive function. We therefore, hypothesized that suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis and/or oxidative stress is involved in Andrographis paniculata-induced reproductive dysfunction. Male Wistar rats received either vehicle or Andrographis paniculata in varying doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight daily for 8 weeks. Treatment with Andrographis paniculata led to reduced sperm count, motility, and viability. Andrographis paniculata treatment also resulted in distorted spermatogenesis and reduced serum testosterone. On the other hand, Andrographis paniculata led to reduction in the testicular content of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6, and testicular activities of xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase, but raised testicular levels of reduced glutathione content and enhanced activity of super oxide dismutase. However, body weight gain, and absolute and relative reproductive organ weights were similar across all the groups. These findings demonstrate that Andrographis paniculata induces reproductive toxicity via suppression of testosterone and not induction of oxidative stress. Therefore, Andrographis paniculata could be a potential and safe male contraceptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Ogundola
- Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - R E Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Sciences, Kings University, Odeomu, Osun, Nigeria
| | - W A Saka
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - A O Adeniyi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - O S Adeshina
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - D O Babalola
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - T M Akhigbe
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agricultural Sciences, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria
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Ayad BM, Oyeyipo IP, Van der Horst G, Du Plessis SS. Cementing the relationship between conventional and advanced semen parameters. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-021-00086-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Affordable conventional semen analysis remains a fundamental procedure to be performed routinely during the diagnosis of male infertility. Advanced semen analyses provide valuable clinical insights in treatment-related decision-making, but these are highly expensive and lack universal standardization. This study aimed at determining the relationship between conventional semen parameters, measured with assistance of computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA), and a set of advanced semen tests. Basic semen analysis (n = 124) was performed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Sperm DNA fragmentation and intracellular superoxide (O2−•) levels were assessed by flow cytometry. Seminal plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were measured by spectrophotometry. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results
Semen pH correlated negatively with TBARS (p < 0.01). The proportions of total and progressively motile as well as rapid spermatozoa correlated positively with CAT activity (p < 0.05). Sperm viability correlated negatively with both O2−• (p < 0.05) and DNA fragmentation (p = 0.01), while normal morphology correlated negatively with O2−• levels (p < 0.05) and positively with CAT activity (p < 0.05). Straight-line velocity (VCL) and average-path velocity (VAP) correlated negatively with both O2−• (p < 0.01) and TBARS (p < 0.01). Amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) correlated negatively with O2−• (p < 0.01) and DNA fragmentation (p < 0.01), while its correlation with SOD activity was positive (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The results obtained from this study support the validity of some CASA parameters as sensitive indicators of changes in sperm oxidative status and DNA integrity. Predicting advanced from conventional parameters through the building of linear regression models should be considered for future studies.
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Agarwal A, Finelli R, Durairajanayagam D, Leisegang K, Sharma R, Gupta S, Singh N, Belo A, Darbandi M, Madani S, Covarrubias S, Darbandi S, Sadeghi R, Pompeu C, Boitrelle F, Kandil H, Saleh R, Arafa M, Vogiatzi P, Maldonado Rosas I, Anagnostopoulou C, Chockalingam A, Wirka KA, Sallam HN, Shah R, Henkel R. A Web-Based Global Educational Model for Training in Semen Analysis during the COVID-19 Pandemic. World J Mens Health 2021; 39:804-817. [PMID: 34169688 PMCID: PMC8443981 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the American Center for Reproductive Medicine (ACRM) transitioned its annual training in assisted reproductive technology (ART) from a hands-on, laboratory-based training course to a fully online training endorsed by the American College of Embryology. Here we describe our experience and assess the quality of an online training format based on participant outcomes for the first three modules of a planned series of online ART training. MATERIALS AND METHODS These modules included manual semen analysis, sperm morphology and ancillary semen tests (testing for leukocytospermia, sperm vitality, and anti-sperm antibody screening). The virtual format consisted of lecture presentations featuring laboratory protocols with corresponding video demonstrations of routine techniques and best practices. Practical scenarios, troubleshooting, and clinical interpretation of laboratory results were also discussed. At the end of each module, an optional multiple choice question test was held as a prerequisite to obtain certification on the topics presented. Course quality was assessed using participant responses collected via online surveys. RESULTS The digital delivery methods used were found to have largely or completely met the participants' expectations for all questions (>85%). The majority (>87%) of the participants either strongly agreed or agreed that the course content was well-structured with appropriate depth, and that their overall expectations of the course had been met. CONCLUSIONS This training format appears to be a realistic teaching option to freely share highly specialized expertise and technical knowledge with participants from anywhere in the world with varying levels of competency or experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Kristian Leisegang
- Department of Physiology, School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sajal Gupta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Andrea Belo
- Huntington Centro de Medicina Reproditiva S/A, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mahsa Darbandi
- Fetal Health Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Madani
- Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technnology, Houari Boumedien, Algiers, Algeria
| | | | - Sara Darbandi
- Fetal Health Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raha Sadeghi
- University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Florence Boitrelle
- Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Ramadan Saleh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paraskevi Vogiatzi
- Andromed Health & Reproduction, Fertility Diagnostics Laboratory, Maroussi, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Hassan N Sallam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- LogixX Pharma, Theale, Reading, Berkshire, UK
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Ajayi AF, Akhigbe RE. Codeine-induced sperm DNA damage is mediated predominantly by oxidative stress rather than apoptosis. Redox Rep 2021; 25:33-40. [PMID: 32290793 PMCID: PMC7189206 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2020.1752003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTBackground: Opioids have been implicated to induce infertility. Although codeine remains the most used opioid for recreational purpose, no study has documented its effect on sperm quality. Elucidating the effect of codeine on sperm cells and the associated mechanisms may provide an insight into preventing drug-induced sperm damage. Twenty-one New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into three groups; control and codeine-treated. The codeine-treated groups received either 4 or 10mg/kg b.w of codeine for six weeks.Results: Codeine treatment led to significant decrease in sperm count, motility, viability, normal morphology, and sperm membrane integrity. This was associated with significant rise in sperm DNA fragmentation, oxidative damage, and caspase 3 activity. The percentage of sperm DNA fragmentation correlates positively with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, and caspase 3 activity, a biomarker of apoptosis. The observed correlation was stronger between sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative DNA damage than sperm DNA fragmentation and caspase 3 activity.Conclusion: This study revealed that chronic codeine exposure causes sperm DNA fragmentation and poor sperm quality primarily via oxidative stress rather than activation of caspase 3-dependent apoptosis. Findings of the present study may explain drug-induced male factor infertility, particularly, those associated with opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Folorunso Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
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23
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Espey BT, Kielwein K, van der Ven H, Steger K, Allam JP, Paradowska-Dogan A, van der Ven K. Effects of Pulsed-Wave Photobiomodulation Therapy on Human Spermatozoa. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 54:540-553. [PMID: 33792933 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Previous studies reported that photobiomodulation (PBM) positively affects the mitochondrial respiratory chain in sperm, resulting in improved motility and velocity. As laser settings are not yet fully established, the present study aimed at optimizing PBM on human sperm. In addition, possible side-effects of PBM on sperm DNA fragmentation level and acrosomal integrity have been analyzed. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A pulsed laser-probe (wavelength 655 nm, output power 25 mW/cm², impulse duration 200 nanoseconds) was used. Native fresh liquefied semen samples underwent radiation with energy doses of 0 (control), 4, 6, and 10 J/cm². Sperm parameters were assessed at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after radiation using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. Motility and velocity of sperm from asthenozoospermic patients (n = 42) and normozoospermic controls (n = 22) were measured. The amount of DNA strand breaks was analyzed using ligation-mediated quantitative polymerase chain reaction in patients with asthenozoospermia (n = 18) and normozoospermia (n = 13). Post-irradiance acrosomal integrity was investigated using flow cytometry based on CD46 protein expression (n = 7). RESULTS Exposure to laser energy-doses of 4 and 6 J/cm² improved sperm motility and velocity in asthenozoospermic patients. PBM exhibited no significant effect on DNA fragmentation level and expression of CD46 serving as a biomarker for acrosome integrity. CONCLUSION PBM improves sperm motility parameters by maintaining DNA and acrosome integrity and, therefore, represents a promising new tool for assisted reproductive therapy. In particular, improving sperm motility in asthenozoospermic patients by PBM in future may contribute to increasing the chance for successful intrauterine insemination. The present trial has no clinical registration number, as only in vitro studies were performed. The study was approved by the local ethics committee and performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard T Espey
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, St. Joseph Hospital, University Clinic of Bochum, Bochum, 44791, Germany
| | - Karin Kielwein
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Hans van der Ven
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Klaus Steger
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Molecular Andrology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Allam
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.,TFP VivaNeo Sperm Bank GmbH, Düsseldorf, 440219, Germany
| | - Katrin van der Ven
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.,Medical Care Centre for Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine (MVZ für Frauenheilkunde und IvF-Medizin Bonn GbR), Bonn, 53175, Germany
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24
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Ferrigno A, Ruvolo G, Capra G, Serra N, Bosco L. Correlation between the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and sperm morphology of infertile patients. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:979-986. [PMID: 33532883 PMCID: PMC8079535 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02080-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the correlation between the DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) and sperm morphology in patients undergoing ICSI, as a predictive parameter in reproductive outcomes. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 125 infertile patients enrolled in a fertility clinic. Seminal characteristics were measured following the WHO guidelines (2010) for the examination of the seminal fluid. After collecting motile sperm population by pellet swim up, DFI was calculated and simultaneously associated with sperm morphology using in situ TUNEL assay and an image analyzer software in at least 250 spermatozoa for each patient. Results All subjects were divided into two groups according to a cutoff established, by choice, of the sperm DFI (15%): group A (< 15%) consisting of 65 patients and group B (≥ 15%) of 60 patients. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods. The results demonstrate that there is no statistical difference between the two groups in seminal characteristics. The collective data show a high significant correlation, suggesting that spermatozoa with abnormal morphology are the best candidates to contain DNA damage (p < 0.001). Also, when group A is compared with group B, an increased percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was observed in patients, with DFI values ≥ 15% (p < 0.001). Conclusion These results are aimed at providing an exact value of DFI in morphologically normal spermatozoa, which will be helpful to the embryologist in evaluating the risk of transferring, during the ICSI procedure, a spermatozoon whit normal morphology but fragmented DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ferrigno
- Department of Sciences for Department of Biological, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed.16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ruvolo
- Centro di Biologia della Riproduzione, Via Villareale 54, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Capra
- Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care 'G. D'Alessandro' (PROSAMI), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Serra
- Biostatistics Unit - Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, via S. Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Liana Bosco
- Department of Sciences for Department of Biological, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed.16, 90128, Palermo, Italy. .,Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy.
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25
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Karabulut S, Korkmaz O, Yılmaz E, Keskin I. Seminal oxidation-reduction potential as a possible indicator of impaired sperm parameters in Turkish population. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13956. [PMID: 33381879 DOI: 10.1111/and.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has been shown to have a key role in male infertility. Recently, a new measurement method has been developed to measure the overall oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in a semen sample known as the MiOXSYS system. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of sperm parameters with oxidative stress levels determined by ORP and to evaluate whether the current limit is able to distinguish abnormal sperm parameters from normal ones in Turkish population. Semen samples of 121 patients who applied for infertility investigation were divided into two groups as (OS +; n:39) and (OS -; n:82). Semen parameters were compared between groups. Sperm concentration, total motility and progressive motility were found to be significantly lower in OS (+) patients compared to those OS (-), while immotile sperm count was significantly higher in OS (+) patients. Oxidative stress determined by MiOXSYS system was found to be related to reduced sperm parameters in Turkish population, which may be used as an indicator of poor sperm parameters and a support to routine semen analysis. In addition, recommended reference value was found to be reliable in distinguishing normal from impaired semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Karabulut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Korkmaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Yılmaz
- Medistate Hospital, IVF Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Keskin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Clinical Evaluation of a Custom Gene Panel as a Tool for Precision Male Infertility Diagnosis by Next-Generation Sequencing. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10100242. [PMID: 33076341 PMCID: PMC7602585 DOI: 10.3390/life10100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 15% of couples are infertile and male factor infertility accounts for approximately 50% of these cases. Male infertility is a multifactorial pathological condition. The genetic of male infertility is very complex and at least 2000 genes are involved in its etiology. Genetic testing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies can be relevant for its diagnostic value in male infertile patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to implement the diagnostic offer with the use of an NGS panel for the identification of genetic variants. METHODS We developed an NGS gene panel that we used in 22 male infertile patients. The panel consisted of 110 genes exploring the genetic causes of male infertility; namely spermatogenesis failure due to single-gene mutations, central hypogonadism, androgen insensitivity syndrome, congenital hypopituitarism, and primary ciliary dyskinesia. RESULTS NGS and a subsequent sequencing of the positive pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, 5 patients (23%) were found to have a molecular defect. In particular, pathogenic variants were identified in TEX11, CCDC39, CHD7, and NR5A1 genes. Moreover, 14 variants of unknown significance and 7 novel variants were found that require further functional studies and family segregation. CONCLUSION This extended NGS-based diagnostic approach may represent a useful tool for the diagnosis of male infertility. The development of a custom-made gene panel by NGS seems capable of reducing the proportion of male idiopathic infertility.
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27
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Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Arafa M, Okada H, Homa S, Killeen A, Balaban B, Saleh R, Armagan A, Roychoudhury S, Sikka S. Multi-center evaluation of oxidation-reduction potential by the MiOXSYS in males with abnormal semen. Asian J Androl 2020; 21:565-569. [PMID: 31006711 PMCID: PMC6859659 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), oxidative stress (OS) is a significant contributor to male infertility. Seminal OS can be measured by a number of assays, all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume and complex instrumentation. One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) with the MiOXSYS. In this international multi-center study, we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semen samples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not. Semen samples were collected from 2092 patients in 9 countries; ORP was normalized to sperm concentration (mV/106 sperm/ml). Only those samples with a concentration >1 × 106 sperm ml–1 were included. The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO normal reference range while the remaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria. ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters (P < 0.01) except volume. The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765. The ORP cut-off value (1.34 mV/106 sperm/ml) was able to differentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1% sensitivity, 40.6% specificity, 94.7% positive predictive value (PPV) and 66.6% negative predictive value (NPV). When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis, ORP levels may help identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners of couples suffering recurrent pregnancy loss, and thereby directing these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Okada
- Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya 343-0845, Japan
| | | | | | - Basak Balaban
- American Hospital of Istanbul, Nisantasi 34365, Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Xu HY, Jiang H, Feng GS, Feng Y, Han Y, Tang WH, Zhang HX, Chen FH, Zhang HX, Liu DF, Li R, Qiao J. Establishing the lower limits of total serum testosterone among Chinese proven fertile men who received treatment of assisted reproductive technology. Asian J Androl 2020; 22:396-400. [PMID: 31571639 PMCID: PMC7406106 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_100_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone (T) plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis because extremely low levels of intratesticular T lead to correspondingly low serum levels of total T (tT), severe disorders of spermatogenesis, and male sterility. However, there is little consensus on the lower limits of serum tT in proven fertile men undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatments in Chinese or other Asian populations. We aimed to establish the reference range of serum tT based on a population of 868 fertile Chinese men undergoing in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) treatments. We defined a fertile man as having had a live baby with his partner as recorded in our IVF registration system. The lower limits of serum tT were established using a Siemens IMMULITE 2000 chemiluminescent system. The 1st, 2.5th, and 5th percentiles and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 3.6 (95% CI: 2.7-4.1) nmol l-1, 4.3 (95% CI: 4.1-5.0) nmol l-1, and 5.6 (95% CI: 4.8-5.8) nmol l-1, respectively. Using the linear correlation of serum tT between the Siemens platform and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry platform, the calculated lower limits of serum tT were also established for fertile Chinese men undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET treatments, which will benefit the clinical diagnosis and treatment of male infertility during such procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guo-Shuang Feng
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong Han
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wen-Hao Tang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong-Xian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng-Hua Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-Feng Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
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Barakat R, Lin PC, Park CJ, Zeineldin M, Zhou S, Rattan S, Brehm E, Flaws JA, Ko CJ. Germline-dependent transmission of male reproductive traits induced by an endocrine disruptor, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, in future generations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5705. [PMID: 32235866 PMCID: PMC7109079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62584-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In males, defective reproductive traits induced by an exposure to an endocrine disruptor are transmitted to future generations via epigenetic modification of the germ cells. Interestingly, the impacted future generations display a wide range of heterogeneity in their reproductive traits. In this study, the role that the Y chromosome plays in creating such heterogeneity is explored by testing the hypothesis that the Y chromosome serves as a carrier of the exposure impact to future generations. This hypothesis implies that a male who has a Y chromosome that is from a male that was exposed to an endocrine disruptor will display a more severe reproductive phenotype than a male whose Y chromosome is from an unexposed male. To test this hypothesis, we used a mouse model in which F1 generation animals were exposed prenatally to an endocrine disruptor, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and the severity of impacted reproductive traits was compared between the F3 generation males that were descendants of F1 males (paternal lineage) and those from F1 females (maternal lineage). Pregnant dams (F0 generation) were exposed to the vehicle or 20 or 200 μg/kg/day of DEHP from gestation day 11 until birth. Paternal lineage F3 DEHP males exhibited decreased fertility, testicular steroidogenic capacity, and spermatogenesis that were more severely impaired than those of maternal lineage males. Indeed, testicular transcriptome analysis found that a number of Y chromosomal genes had altered expression patterns in the paternal lineage males. This transgenerational difference in the DEHP impact can be attributed specifically to the Y chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Barakat
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Po-Ching Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Chan Jin Park
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Mohamed Zeineldin
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sherry Zhou
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Saniya Rattan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - CheMyong J Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
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30
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Césaire Momo Tetsatsi A, Alumeti Munyali D, Romeo Bonsou Fozin G, Ngadjui E, Wankeu-Nya M, Watcho P. Semen quality among men attending urology services in the Dschang Health District, west Cameroon: A retrospective study on 379 cases. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:121-128. [PMID: 32259006 PMCID: PMC7097172 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v18i2.6419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infertility is a common condition affecting at least 15% of couples worldwide, and male factors are involved in about half of this prevalence rate. In Cameroon, about 20%-40% of couples are the victims. However, the sperm characteristics of infertile men are yet to be described in the health districts in Cameroon for better management of male infertility. Objective The present study was designed to assess the sperm profile and related sociodemographic factors of men attending the urology services at the Dschang Health District. Materials and Methods It consisted of a 10 yr retrospective study carried out in the Dschang Health District. The results of patients' semen analysis (SA) were computed using Epi Info software and expressed as qualitative and quantitative spermogram state as described by the clinician and sociodemographic features of those patients. Results Out of the 379 patients studied, 83.91% had abnormal spermogram. Patients older than 50 yr were the most affected when grouped into age categories. With regard to patient's profession, 52.51% had specified their profession and from that group, although farmers (9.31%) represented the lowest size category, they were the most affected with 94.74% having abnormal spermogram. Conclusion This study indicates that the sperm damage is the major cause of male infertility in the Dschang Health District. It also shows that farmers are the most affected category and it could be linked to the long-term exposure to pesticides. These results call for the assessment of the reproductive toxicity of locally used pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Désiré Alumeti Munyali
- Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang-Cameroon, Dschang
| | | | - Esther Ngadjui
- Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang-Cameroon, Dschang
| | - Modeste Wankeu-Nya
- Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang-Cameroon, Dschang.,Department of Animal Organisms Biology, University of Douala-Cameroon, Dschang
| | - Pierre Watcho
- Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang-Cameroon, Dschang
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31
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Yılmaz F. Sperm function tests from past to present. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.660649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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32
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Sapozhkova ZY, Eremin KI. [Updates in protocol for human semen examination.]. Klin Lab Diagn 2020; 65:106-110. [PMID: 32159308 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-2-106-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen (5th edition, 2010) provides updated, standardized, evidence-based procedures and recommendations for laboratory managers, scientists and technicians to follow in examining human semen in a clinical or research setting. Despite the fact, there are several gaps and limitations in the interpretation of this compendium. Mostly, the WHO-protocol of estimation of peroxidase-positive cells and spermatozoa, as well as evaluation of their viability and morphology are not so affordable and applicable in Russia due to peculiarities of laboratory market. Furthermore, most of Russian manuscripts do not reflect a unified approach to the analytical stage of semen analyses. In order to standardize the protocol for human semen examination which adopted to Russian lab it was developed packing of reagents (GEMSTANDART-SEMEN ANALYSES, LLC 'GEMSTANDART', Saint Petersburg, Russia) allowing to obtain an accuracy and completeness of the examination. In summary, this approach is a necessary step in male fertility evaluation. Together with a clinical information, it is indispensable for planning the appropriate clinical management and tacking care in male health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Sapozhkova
- International Cytology School, Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Centre of Laboratory Diagnostics in Podolsk, Russia
| | - K I Eremin
- International Cytology School, Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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33
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Douglas C, Parekh N, Kahn LG, Henkel R, Agarwal A. A Novel Approach to Improving the Reliability of Manual Semen Analysis: A Paradigm Shift in the Workup of Infertile Men. World J Mens Health 2019; 39:172-185. [PMID: 31749341 PMCID: PMC7994658 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional semen analysis (SA) is an essential component of the male infertility workup, but requires laboratories to rigorously train and monitor technicians as well as regularly perform quality assurance assessments. Without such measures there is room for error and, consequently, unreliable results. Furthermore, clinicians often rely heavily on SA results when making diagnostic and treatment decisions, however conventional SA is only a surrogate marker of male fecundity and does not guarantee fertility. Considering these challenges, the last several decades have seen the development of many advances in SA methodology, including tests for sperm DNA fragmentation, acrosome reaction, and capacitation. While these new diagnostic tests have improved the scope of information available to clinicians, they are expensive, time-consuming, and require specialized training. The latest advance in laboratory diagnostics is the measurement of seminal oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). The measurement of ORP in an easy, reproducible manner using a new tool called the Male Infertility Oxidative Stress System (MiOXSYS) has demonstrated ORP's potential as a feasible adjunct test to conventional SA. Additionally, the measurement of ORP by this device has been shown to be predictive of both poor semen quality and male infertility. Assessing ORP is a novel approach to both validating manual SA results and identifying patients who may benefit from treatment of male oxidative stress infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Douglas
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.,Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Neel Parekh
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.,Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Linda G Kahn
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.
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34
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Girndt A, Cockburn G, Sánchez-Tójar A, Hertel M, Burke T, Schroeder J. Male age and its association with reproductive traits in captive and wild house sparrows. J Evol Biol 2019; 32:1432-1443. [PMID: 31529748 PMCID: PMC8653889 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Evolutionary theory predicts that females seek extra‐pair fertilizations from high‐quality males. In socially monogamous bird species, it is often old males that are most successful in extra‐pair fertilizations. Adaptive models of female extra‐pair mate choice suggest that old males may produce offspring of higher genetic quality than young males because they have proven their survivability. However, old males are also more likely to show signs of reproductive senescence, such as reduced sperm quality. To better understand why old males account for a disproportionally large number of extra‐pair offspring and what the consequences of mating with old males are, we compared several sperm traits of both captive and wild house sparrows, Passer domesticus. Sperm morphological traits and cloacal protuberance volume (a proxy for sperm load) of old and young males did not differ substantially. However, old males delivered almost three times more sperm to the female's egg than young males. We discuss the possibility of a post‐copulatory advantage for old over young males and the consequences for females mated with old males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Girndt
- Research Group Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, UK.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Glenn Cockburn
- Research Group Evolution of Sensory Systems, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Alfredo Sánchez-Tójar
- Research Group Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Moritz Hertel
- Department of Behavioural Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Terry Burke
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julia Schroeder
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, UK
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35
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Ahadi M, Aliakbari F, Latifi S, Hosseini SJ, Gharib A, Movafagh A, Abdolalian Z, Dehghan A, Moradi A, Kazeminejad B, Rakhshan A, Jamali E, Allameh F, Moradi A. Evaluation of the Standardization in Semen Analysis Performance According to the WHO Protocols Among Laboratories in Tehran, Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 14:142-147. [PMID: 31528171 PMCID: PMC6679670 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.14.2.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Infertility refers to the failure in achieving pregnancy of a couple after one year of regular sexual intercourse without using a protection method. The purpose of this research work was to evaluate the current status of the test and quality control performance in semen analysis in selected laboratories. Material and Methods: The semen analysis was performed in the Laboratory of Andrology in terms of macroscopic examination which include volume, color, viscosity, pH and acidity, and in terms of microscopy: the rate of sperm movement, the exact number of sperms per ml of semen, the percentage of sperm viability and movement, the presence of germ cells and white blood cells. Several questions for each part of the test were selected and answered by the director of the laboratories or andrology section supervisor. Results: There was a wide range in the performance of selected medical laboratories in Tehran regarding the standards of semen analysis according to the World Health Organization (WHO) Laboratory Manual for the examination and processing of human semen, fifth edition in 2010. They followed the instructions related to the sample collection in about 70% of the evaluated parameters, initial macroscopic examination in about 87% of the selected subjects, and the microscopic evaluation of sperm in about 65% of the test parameters. Conclusion: some laboratories do not follow the instructions of the WHO in performing semen analysis, and most of them do not follow the suggested methods in all parts of the test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masha Ahadi
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshte Aliakbari
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Latifi
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalil Hosseini
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atossa Gharib
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdolalian
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Dehghan
- Department of Pathology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Arsham Moradi
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrang Kazeminejad
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Rakhshan
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Jamali
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Allameh
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Moradi
- Infertility & Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Taherian S, Khayamabed R, Tavalaee M, Nasr‐Esfahani MH. Alpha‐lipoic acid minimises reactive oxygen species‐induced damages during sperm processing. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13314. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samira‐sadat Taherian
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology ACECR Isfahan Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Khayamabed
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology ACECR Isfahan Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology ACECR Isfahan Iran
| | - Mohammad H. Nasr‐Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology ACECR Isfahan Iran
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center Isfahan Iran
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37
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Lou H, Le F, Hu M, Yang X, Li L, Wang L, Wang N, Gao H, Jin F. Aberrant DNA Methylation of IGF2-H19 Locus in Human Fetus and in Spermatozoa From Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:997-1004. [PMID: 30270743 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118802052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Given the higher risk of developing imprinting disorders in assisted reproductive technology (ART)-conceived children, we hypothesized that ART may affect DNA methylation of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), H19, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN) differentially methylated regions (DMRs) at the fetal stage, which in turn may be associated with sperm abnormalities. A total of 4 patient groups were recruited, namely, multifetal reduction following in vitro fertilization (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI; n = 56), multifetal reduction following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH; n = 42), male patients with normal semen parameters denoted as normozoospermia group (NZ) for IVF (n = 36), and male patients presenting with asthenozoospermia (OAZ) for ICSI (n = 38). The expression levels and the DNA methylation status of IGF2-H19 and SNRPN DMRs in the fetuses and the semen samples were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. In our results, the expression levels of H19 were significantly higher, whereas the methylation rates were lower in IVF-conceived fetuses compared to the control group (P < .05). Furthermore, higher methylation rates of IGF2 DMR2 and SNRPN DMR were detected both in IVF- and ICSI-conceived fetuses (P < .05). The data further indicated that the patients who presented with the majority of the CpG sites in the H19 DMR region that were lower methylated were those in the OAZ group. The results demonstrated that the epigenetic dysregulations of IGF2-H19 and SNRPN DMRs that were caused by ART were noted in the fetuses. Moreover, the present study suggested that epigenetic perturbations of the H19 DMR might be a key biomarker for spermatogenesis defects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangying Lou
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Le
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minhao Hu
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyun Yang
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lejun Li
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liya Wang
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Gao
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Jin
- 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
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38
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Xie M, Utzinger KS, Blickenstorfer K, Leeners B. Diurnal and seasonal changes in semen quality of men in subfertile partnerships. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:1375-1384. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1483942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Kerstin Blickenstorfer
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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39
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Lin HL, Liaw RB, Chen YH, Kang TC, Lin DY, Chen LR, Wu MC. Evaluation of cockerel spermatozoa viability and motility by a novel enzyme based cell viability assay. Br Poult Sci 2018; 60:467-471. [PMID: 29355473 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1426832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. The results of spermatozoa assessment by the WST-8 (2-[2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl]-3-[4-nitrophenyl]-5-[2,4-disulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt) assay, flow cytometry (FC) or computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) were compared. 2. Different live/killed ratios of cockerel semen were serially diluted to 120, 60, and 30 × 106 cells/ml, and each sample was analysed by (1) WST-8 assay at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min, (2) viability with FC, and (3) motility with CASA. 3. The WST-8 reduction rate was closely correlated with spermatozoa viability and motility. The optimal semen concentration for the WST-8 assay was 120 × 106 cells/ml, and the standard curves for spermatozoa viability and motility predictions, respectively, were yviability60 = 162.8x + 104.96 (R2 = 0.9594) after 60 min of incubation and ymotility40 = 225.09x + 96.299 (R2 = 0.8475) after 40 min of incubation. 4. It was concluded that the WST-8 assay is useful for the practical evaluation of cockerel spermatozoa viability and motility. Compared to FC and CASA, the WST-8 assay does not require expensive and complex instrumentation in the lab. Furthermore, one well of the WST-8 reaction can be used to predict spermatozoa viability and motility at the same time, which all lead it to be efficient and economical for semen quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Lin
- a Breeding and Genetic Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - R B Liaw
- a Breeding and Genetic Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y H Chen
- b Physiology Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - T C Kang
- b Physiology Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - D Y Lin
- a Breeding and Genetic Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - L R Chen
- b Physiology Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan.,c Institute of Biotechnology , National Chung Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - M C Wu
- a Breeding and Genetic Division , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan, Taiwan
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Agarwal A, Arafa M, Chandrakumar R, Majzoub A, AlSaid S, Elbardisi H. A multicenter study to evaluate oxidative stress by oxidation-reduction potential, a reliable and reproducible method. Andrology 2017; 5:939-945. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Urology; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
| | - M. Arafa
- Department of Andrology; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
- Department of Urology; Hamad Medical Corporation; Doha Qatar
| | - R. Chandrakumar
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Urology; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
| | - A. Majzoub
- Department of Urology; Hamad Medical Corporation; Doha Qatar
| | - S. AlSaid
- Department of Urology; Hamad Medical Corporation; Doha Qatar
| | - H. Elbardisi
- Department of Urology; Hamad Medical Corporation; Doha Qatar
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41
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Omo-Aghoja LO, Ngwu M, Adeyinka AT. HORMONAL PARAMETERS AND SEMEN MICROBIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF INFERTILE MALES: A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN BENIN CITY, SOUTH SOUTH NIGERIA. JOURNAL OF THE WEST AFRICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 2017; 7:73-93. [PMID: 30525004 PMCID: PMC6237412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many Nigerian studies, male factors were responsible for up to 50 to 70% of infertility. AIM To evaluate the contribution of endocrinopathy and bacteriospermia to male infertility in Benin. STUDY DESIGN A comparative cross-sectional study. SETTING Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Central Hospital, Benin City. METHODOLOGY Male partners of 355 couples who presented with infertility over 8 months were studied. The data collected included socio-demographics, clinical features, hormonal assays, semen analysis, and semen culture. These were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0, employing both univariate and bivariate analyses, and multivariate logistic regression to identify independent determinants of abnormal semen analysis. RESULTS The mean age of the subjects was 34.98±4.67 years and mean duration of infertility was 4.5±2.17 years. A total of 59.7% patients were of low socioeconomic status. The participants had at least a primary school education, and 81.7% dwelt in the urban areas of the state. Secondary infertility was the commonest (82.3%); while 56.6% of the subjects were overweight and 14.9% obese. 66.5% of participants had abnormal semen parameters. Oligospermia was the commonest (22.8%) abnormality. The commonest hormonal disorders were abnormality of luteinizing hormone (79.1%) and follicle stimulating hormones (26.8%). There was positive semen culture in 162(43.6%) of participants, of which 135(83.3%) had abnormal semen analysis (p=0.000). Men with positive semen culture had more than four-fold odds of having abnormal semen analysis (OR=4.554; 95%CI=2.761-7.513). CONCLUSION This study has shown that male endocrinopathy and bacteriospermia contributed significantly to male infertility in our environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L O Omo-Aghoja
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - M Ngwu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - A T Adeyinka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Nigeria
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42
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Wang MZ, Qiu ZL, Cai XS, Li JJ, She MQ, Xu YF, Wu YS. Secretory expression of a novel human spermatozoa antigen in E. coli and its application to a protein chip. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1529-1535. [PMID: 28600648 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To produce a recombinant spermatozoa antigen peptide using the E. coli: PhoA system on a protein chip for screening anti-sperm antibodies (ASA). RESULTS The purity of the recombinant spermatozoa antigen exceeded 95% after two-step purification, as assessed using SDS-PAGE and HPLC. The diagnostic performance of a protein chip coated with the recombinant antigen peptide was evaluated by examining ASA in 51 infertile patients in comparison with a commercial ELISA kit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.944, which indicated that the protein chip coated with recombinant spermatozoa antigen peptide was consistent with ELISA for ASA detection. CONCLUSION A recombinant spermatozoa antigen was expressed in the E. coli PhoA secretory expression system and its potential application for clinical ASA detection was validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Wang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medical and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Lin Qiu
- Reproductive center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Sheng Cai
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medical and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medical and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Qin She
- Guangzhou Kangsui Biotechnology Inc., Guangzhou, 510663, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Feng Xu
- Guangzhou Kangsui Biotechnology Inc., Guangzhou, 510663, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Song Wu
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medical and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Clinical Relevance of Oxidation-Reduction Potential in the Evaluation of Male Infertility. Urology 2017; 104:84-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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44
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Cao X, Cui Y, Zhang X, Lou J, Zhou J, Wei R. The correlation of sperm morphology with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:55646-55656. [PMID: 28903451 PMCID: PMC5589690 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm morphology displays a potential impact on sperm function and may ultimately impact reproductive function. Current studies have investigated the correlation between sperm morphology with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) but have shown inconsistent results. Hence, we systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI databases, as well as the Cochrane Library for studies that examined the association between sperm morphology and unexplained RSA. Fifteen studies were identified, including 883 cases and 530 controls. Our meta-analysis results indicated that the percentage of normal sperm morphology from men with RSA partners was significantly lower than those from normal controls(SMD [95% CI]: - 0.60 [-0.81, -0.40]; P<0.00001) and the percentage of sperm morphologic alterations was significantly higher in patients with RSA compared with the control group (SMD [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.42, 1.43]; P=0.0004). The present study suggested that the percentage of normal sperm morphology may indeed decrease in men from RSA group compared with controls. However, there were some limitations in the study such as the differences in stain techniques and classification criteria. Further evidences are needed to better elucidate the relationship between sperm morphology and unexplained RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Yun Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Jiangtao Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Renxiong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
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The control of male fertility by spermatid-specific factors: searching for contraceptive targets from spermatozoon's head to tail. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2472. [PMID: 27831554 PMCID: PMC5260884 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Male infertility due to abnormal spermatozoa has been reported in both animals and humans, but its pathogenic causes, including genetic abnormalities, remain largely unknown. On the other hand, contraceptive options for men are limited, and a specific, reversible and safe method of male contraception has been a long-standing quest in medicine. Some progress has recently been made in exploring the effects of spermatid-specifical genetic factors in controlling male fertility. A comprehensive search of PubMed for articles and reviews published in English before July 2016 was carried out using the search terms 'spermiogenesis failure', 'globozoospermia', 'spermatid-specific', 'acrosome', 'infertile', 'manchette', 'sperm connecting piece', 'sperm annulus', 'sperm ADAMs', 'flagellar abnormalities', 'sperm motility loss', 'sperm ion exchanger' and 'contraceptive targets'. Importantly, we have opted to focus on articles regarding spermatid-specific factors. Genetic studies to define the structure and physiology of sperm have shown that spermatozoa appear to be one of the most promising contraceptive targets. Here we summarize how these spermatid-specific factors regulate spermiogenesis and categorize them according to their localization and function from spermatid head to tail (e.g., acrosome, manchette, head-tail conjunction, annulus, principal piece of tail). In addition, we emphatically introduce small-molecule contraceptives, such as BRDT and PPP3CC/PPP3R2, which are currently being developed to target spermatogenic-specific proteins. We suggest that blocking the differentiation of haploid germ cells, which rarely affects early spermatogenic cell types and the testicular microenvironment, is a better choice than spermatogenic-specific proteins. The studies described here provide valuable information regarding the genetic and molecular defects causing male mouse infertility to improve our understanding of the importance of spermatid-specific factors in controlling fertility. Although a male contraceptive 'pill' is still many years away, research into the production of new small-molecule contraceptives targeting spermatid-specific proteins is the right avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Kovac
- Men's Health Center, 8240 Naab Road, Suite 220, Indianapolis, Indiana 46260, USA
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