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Abdella FI, Toumi A, Boudriga S, Alanazi TY, Alshamari AK, Alrashdi AA, Hamden K. Antiobesity and antidiabetes effects of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes presenting protein tyrosine phosphatase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, metabolic enzymes, stress oxidant and inflammation inhibitory potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27598. [PMID: 38486768 PMCID: PMC10937842 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a significant global health concern that increases the vulnerability to various chronic illnesses. In view of this issue, the current research aimed to examine the effects of administering an extract derived from the tubers of Cyperus rotundus L (CrE) on obesity, type 1 diabetes, and liver-kidney toxicity. Through the utilization of HPLC-DAD analysis, it was discovered that the extract contained several components, including quercetin (47.8%), luteolin glucoside (17%), luteolin (7.56%), apigenin-7-glucoside (6.29%), naringinin (4.52%), and seven others. In vitro experiments they have demonstrated that CrE effectively inhibited key digestive enzymes associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, such as DPP-4, PTP1B, lipase, and α-amylase, as evidenced by their respective IC50 values are about 23, 51,83, and 67 μg/ml respectively. Furthermore, when diabetic rats were administered CrE, the activity of pancreatic enzymes linked to inflammation, namely 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), hyaluronidase (HAase), and myeloperoxidase (MPO), was significantly suppressed by 48, 41, 75, and 47%, respectively. Moreover, CrE exhibited protective effects on pancreatic β-cells by inhibiting the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) by 65% and the induction of superoxide Dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities by 62, 108, and 112% respectively as compared to diabetic untreated rat. Additionally, CrE significantly inhibited the activities of intestinal, pancreatic, and serum lipase and α-amylase activities. In diabetic rats, CrE administration suppressed glycogen phosphorylase (GP) stimulated glycogen synthase (GS) activities by 45 and 30%; and this increased liver glycogen content by 45%. Furthermore, CrE modulated key hepatic enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, including hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P), and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP). Notably, the average food and water intake (AFI and AWI) of diabetic rats treated with CrE was reduced by 15 and 16% respectively as compared to those without any treatment. Therefore, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of Cyperus rotundus tubers in preventing and treating obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza I.A. Abdella
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha'il University, Ha'il, 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Toumi
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5019, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Boudriga
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5019, Tunisia
| | - Tahani Y.A. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha'il University, Ha'il, 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma K. Alshamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha'il University, Ha'il, 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaled Hamden
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
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Yao MS, Chae A, MacLean MT, Verma A, Duda J, Gee JC, Torigian DA, Rader D, Kahn CE, Witschey WR, Sagreiya H. SynthA1c: Towards Clinically Interpretable Patient Representations for Diabetes Risk Stratification. PREDICTIVE INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE. PRIME (WORKSHOP) 2023; 14277:46-57. [PMID: 38957550 PMCID: PMC11217801 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-46005-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is crucial to enable timely therapeutic interventions and lifestyle modifications. As the time available for clinical office visits shortens and medical imaging data become more widely available, patient image data could be used to opportunistically identify patients for additional T2DM diagnostic workup by physicians. We investigated whether image-derived phenotypic data could be leveraged in tabular learning classifier models to predict T2DM risk in an automated fashion to flag high-risk patients without the need for additional blood laboratory measurements. In contrast to traditional binary classifiers, we leverage neural networks and decision tree models to represent patient data as 'SynthA1c' latent variables, which mimic blood hemoglobin A1c empirical lab measurements, that achieve sensitivities as high as 87.6%. To evaluate how SynthA1c models may generalize to other patient populations, we introduce a novel generalizable metric that uses vanilla data augmentation techniques to predict model performance on input out-of-domain covariates. We show that image-derived phenotypes and physical examination data together can accurately predict diabetes risk as a means of opportunistic risk stratification enabled by artificial intelligence and medical imaging. Our code is available at https://github.com/allisonjchae/DMT2RiskAssessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Yao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
| | - Allison Chae
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
| | - Matthew T MacLean
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anurag Verma
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey Duda
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James C Gee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Drew A Torigian
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Rader
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charles E Kahn
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Walter R Witschey
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hersh Sagreiya
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Alwadeai KS, Alhammad SA. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and related factors among the general adult population in Saudi Arabia between 2016-2022: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the cross-sectional studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34021. [PMID: 37327272 PMCID: PMC10270537 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health officials need current knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related risk factors to prioritize prevention and control measures due to lifestyle changes, population structure, and the high incidence of diabetes in Saudi Arabia. The present systematic review aims to estimate the current pooled prevalence of T2DM and related risk factors among the general adult population in Saudi Arabia between 2016 and 2022. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for cross-sectional studies that reported T2DM among adults in Saudi Arabia and were published between December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2022. The PRISMA guidelines and the AXIS tool were employed to report and evaluate study quality and bias risk. RESULTS The meta-analysis with a fixed effect model included 10 studies comprising 8457 general men and women adults aged 18 or older. The prevalence of T2DM was 28% (95% CI = 27-28, P < .001), and risks of T2DM in persons over 40 were nearly twice as high (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.34-2.27) than in age under 40 among general adult population in Saudi Arabia between 2016-2022. This difference was statistically significant (P < .0001). CONCLUSION The evidence from this review provided alarming and highlighted points about the prevalence of T2DM between 2016 and 2022, but there was high heterogeneity between the studies. Individuals aged 40 or older had a high risk of T2DM among the general adult population in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid S. Alwadeai
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad A. Alhammad
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Jarrar M, Abusalah MAH, Albaker W, Al-Bsheish M, Alsyouf A, Al-Mugheed K, Issa MR, Alumran A. Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the General Population of Saudi Arabia, 2000-2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 11:1-10. [PMID: 36909010 PMCID: PMC9997860 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_394_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Objective To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020. Methods Observational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000-2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM. Results Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6-17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I2 = 99.31%, P < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46-5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53-97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. Conclusions This is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu'taman Jarrar
- Vice Deanship for Development and Community Partnership, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Education, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Abdel Haleem Abusalah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Medical Allied Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Waleed Albaker
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al-Bsheish
- Department of Health Management, Batterjee Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Al-Nadeem Governmental Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Adi Alsyouf
- Department of Managing Health Services and Hospitals, Faculty of Business Rabigh, College of Business, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Al-Mugheed
- Nursing Department, Health Faculty, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Rasmi Issa
- Skills Development Training Center, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Alumran
- Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Pai LW, Chiu SC, Liu HL, Chen LL, Peng T. Effects of a health education technology program on long-term glycemic control and self-management ability of adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 175:108785. [PMID: 33781794 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the effects of a health technology education program on long-term glycemic control and the self-management ability of adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS The study was a randomized controlled trial with repeated measures design. The experimental group (n = 53) received a novel health technologies education program plus focus groups and routine shared care, the control group (n = 55) received routine shared care. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and self-management ability were the primary and secondary outcomes. Subject self-management ability was evaluated using the Chinese version of Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale (PDSMS). A linear mixed-effect model for repeated measures was used to analyze changes in HbA1c level and self-management ability after controlling for pretest effects. RESULTS The mean HbA1c levels in the experimental group decreased by 0.692% (7.564 mmol/mol) and 0.671% (7.332 mmol/mol) at 3 and 6 months after the intervention (p < 0.05) while the mean increase in the PDSMS scores at 3 and 6 months after the intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The health technology education program was more effective than routine shared care alone in lowering HbA1c and increasing self-management ability in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Wen Pai
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ching Chiu
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Li Liu
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Li Chen
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Tien Peng
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Babaniamansour S, Aliniagerdroudbari E, Niroomand M. Glycemic control and associated factors among Iranian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:933-940. [PMID: 33520813 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Detection and modification of various factors such as life style, smoking and so on can significantly improve the glycemic control status. This study aimed to investigate glycemic control status and its relevant factors among patients with Type 2 DM. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the glycemic control status of patients with type 2 DM was investigated. In addition, relevant risk factors including demographic, clinical characteristics, self-care management behavior, medication adherence and laboratory data and their relationship with glycemic control status were assessed. Glycemic control status was defined as very good (HbA1c < 7%), good (HbA1c = 7-7.9%), poor (HbA1c = 8-9.9%) or extremely bad (HbA1c ≥ 10%). Results The present study included 562 patients (64.4% female). Most of the patients (37%) had poor glycemic control status. Microvascular complications especially diabetic neuropathy were the most common complications in our study. Glycemic control had significant relationship with level of education (p < .01) and occupation (p = .04). Among laboratory parameters, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in patients with desirable glycemic control (p < .05). The linear regression test showed that HbA1c had significant relationship with FPG (p < .01) and increasing one standard deviation in FPG can increase the level of HbA1c 0.014. Conclusion Glycemic control status in our study was very low and FPG was the strongest predictor of glycemic control status. Some other factors were also associated such as education level, occupation, type of treatment, diastolic blood pressure, the lipid profile and aspartate transaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Babaniamansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tehran Faculty of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Aliniagerdroudbari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Niroomand
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, 7th Floor, Bldg. No. 2, Tehran, Iran
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