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Asamoah-Boaheng M, Grunau B, Karim ME, Kayda I, Yap J, Bessai K, Goldfarb DM. Investigating the Antibody Imprinting Hypothesis among Canadian Paramedics after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Circulation. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:193-197. [PMID: 38386593 PMCID: PMC10916361 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research has highlighted the Omicron variant's capacity to evade immune protection conferred by wild-type (WT) mRNA vaccines. Despite this observation, the potential involvement of antigenic sin phenomena remains unclear. Our hypothesis posited that a greater number of prior WT vaccine doses might lead to reduced anti-Omicron neutralization Abs following Omicron infection. To investigate this, we analyzed blood samples from human participants in the COVID-19 Occupational Risk, Seroprevalence, and Immunity among Paramedics (CORSIP) study who had received at least one WT mRNA vaccine before contracting Omicron. The exposure variable was the number of WT mRNA vaccines administered, and the outcome was the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) percent inhibition specific to the BA.4/BA.5 Omicron Ag. Contrary to expectations, our findings revealed that more WT-based vaccines were associated with an enhanced Omicron-specific immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Asamoah-Boaheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian Grunau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ehsanul Karim
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Iryna Kayda
- Experimental Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Justin Yap
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Bessai
- British Columbia Emergency Health Services, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David M. Goldfarb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Kan AKC, Li PH. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines: potential concerns of antibody-dependent enhancement and original antigenic sin. Immunol Lett 2023; 259:21-23. [PMID: 37230399 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inactivated vaccine is one of the platforms employed in COVID-19 vaccines. Inactivated vaccines have been associated with concerns of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) and original antigenic sin (OAS), which are related to non-neutralising or poorly neutralising antibodies against the pathogen. Since inactivated COVID-19 vaccines use whole-SARS-CoV-2 virus as the immunogen, they are expected to generate antibodies against non-spike structural proteins, which are highly conservative across variants of SARS-CoV-2. These antibodies against non-spike structural proteins have found to be largely non-neutralising or poorly neutralising in nature. Hence, inactivated COVID-19 vaccines could possibly be associated with ADE and OAS, especially as novel variants emerge. This article explores the potential concern of ADE and OAS in the context of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, and outlines the future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Ka Chun Kan
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Hei Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Petráš M, Králová Lesná I. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the context of original antigenic sin. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:1949953. [PMID: 34242123 PMCID: PMC8290366 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1949953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunological memory is the ability of the adaptive immune system to ensure a persistent protective effect after immunization. However, it can also be a limitation to building a sufficient level of protective antibodies specific to new mutations of the virus. It is imperative to bear this phenomenon (called "original antigenic sin") in mind and make every effort to overcome its inherent pitfalls when updating current and designing new vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Petráš
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Charles University Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Králová Lesná
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Military Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. "Original Antigenic Sin" in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Followed by Infection. Cureus 2022; 14:e32548. [PMID: 36540317 PMCID: PMC9756105 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the "original antigenic sin" (OAS) effects have been predicted against new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), only a few pieces of evidence are available regarding its impact on the safety and effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. This article aims to provide an immunological explanation for the delayed side effects of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine during an episode of natural infection. We reported a case of a 39-year-old male healthcare worker who complained about pruritus and discomfort around the injection site of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administrated 18, 17, and 13 months earlier. Those symptoms resembled the side effects previously experienced with one of the booster doses, and a sole erythematous papule was also documented. The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 one or two days after noticing these local signs and symptoms, and high serum titers of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were found five weeks after the onset, along with SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Therefore, the OAS might be a plausible phenomenon to consider in individuals immunized with inactivated vaccines and exposed secondarily to a wild virus with antigenic variations.
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Capão A, Aguiar-Oliveira ML, Caetano BC, Neves TK, Resende PC, Almeida WAF, Miranda MD, Martins-Filho OA, Brown D, Siqueira MM, Garcia CC. Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:1692. [PMID: 36016313 PMCID: PMC9413331 DOI: 10.3390/v14081692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Annual vaccination against influenza is the best tool to prevent deaths and hospitalizations. Regular updates of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) are necessary due to high mutation rates in influenza viruses. TIV effectiveness is affected by antigenic mismatches, age, previous immunity, and other host factors. Studying TIV effectiveness annually in different populations is critical. The serological responses to Southern-Hemisphere TIV and circulating influenza strains were evaluated in 2018−2020 among Brazilian volunteers, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Post-vaccination titers were corrected to account for pre-vaccination titers. Our population achieved >83% post-vaccination seroprotection levels, whereas seroconversion rates ranged from 10% to 46%. TIV significantly enhanced antibody titers and seroprotection against all prior and contemporary vaccine and circulating strains tested. Strong cross-reactive responses were detected, especially between H1N1 subtypes. A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016, included in the 2018 TIV, induced the poorest response. Significant titer and seroprotection reductions were observed 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Age had a slight effect on TIV response, whereas previous vaccination was associated with lower seroconversion rates and titers. Despite this, TIV induced high seroprotection for all strains, in all groups. Regular TIV evaluations, based on regional influenza strain circulation, should be conducted and the factors affecting response studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Capão
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Maria L. Aguiar-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Braulia C. Caetano
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Thayssa K. Neves
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Paola C. Resende
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Walquiria A. F. Almeida
- Secretariat of Surveillance in Health (SVS), Ministry of Health (MoH), Brasília-Federal District, Rio de Janeiro 70723-040, Brazil;
| | - Milene D. Miranda
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Olindo A.ssis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, René Rachou Institute, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil;
| | - David Brown
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
- UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Marilda M. Siqueira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Cristiana C. Garcia
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
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Bae JY, Kim JI, Park MS, Lee GE, Park H, Song KJ, Park MS. The Immune Correlates of Orthohantavirus Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050518. [PMID: 34069997 PMCID: PMC8157935 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic transmission of orthohantaviruses from rodent reservoirs to humans has been the cause of severe fatalities. Human infections are reported worldwide, but vaccines have been approved only in China and Korea. Orthohantavirus vaccine development has been pursued with no sense of urgency due to the relative paucity of cases in countries outside China and Korea. However, the orthohantaviruses continuously evolve in hosts and thus the current vaccine may not work as well against some variants. Therefore, a more effective vaccine should be prepared against the orthohantaviruses. In this review, we discuss the issues caused by the orthohantavirus vaccine. Given the pros and cons of the orthohantavirus vaccine, we suggest strategies for the development of better vaccines in terms of pandemic preparedness.
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Flanagan KL, Best E, Crawford NW, Giles M, Koirala A, Macartney K, Russell F, Teh BW, Wen SCH. Progress and Pitfalls in the Quest for Effective SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccines. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579250. [PMID: 33123165 PMCID: PMC7566192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently around 200 SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccines in preclinical and clinical trials throughout the world. The various candidates employ a range of vaccine strategies including some novel approaches. Currently, the goal is to prove that they are safe and immunogenic in humans (phase 1/2 studies) with several now advancing into phase 2 and 3 trials to demonstrate efficacy and gather comprehensive data on safety. It is highly likely that many vaccines will be shown to stimulate antibody and T cell responses in healthy individuals and have an acceptable safety profile, but the key will be to confirm that they protect against COVID-19. There is much hope that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines will be rolled out to the entire world to contain the pandemic and avert its most damaging impacts. However, in all likelihood this will initially require a targeted approach toward key vulnerable groups. Collaborative efforts are underway to ensure manufacturing can occur at the unprecedented scale and speed required to immunize billions of people. Ensuring deployment also occurs equitably across the globe will be critical. Careful evaluation and ongoing surveillance for safety will be required to address theoretical concerns regarding immune enhancement seen in previous contexts. Herein, we review the current knowledge about the immune response to this novel virus as it pertains to the design of effective and safe SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the range of novel and established approaches to vaccine development being taken. We provide details of some of the frontrunner vaccines and discuss potential issues including adverse effects, scale-up and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L. Flanagan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Best
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel W. Crawford
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Immunisation Service, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Giles
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Archana Koirala
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- National Centre for Immunisation Research & Surveillance (NCIRS), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristine Macartney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- National Centre for Immunisation Research & Surveillance (NCIRS), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Russell
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Immunisation Service, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin W. Teh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie CH Wen
- Infection Management Prevention Services, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Nguyen A, David JK, Maden SK, Wood MA, Weeder BR, Nellore A, Thompson RF. Human Leukocyte Antigen Susceptibility Map for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. J Virol 2020; 94:e00510-20. [PMID: 32303592 PMCID: PMC7307149 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00510-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variability across the three major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes (human leukocyte antigen A [HLA-A], -B, and -C genes) may affect susceptibility to and severity of the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We performed a comprehensive in silico analysis of viral peptide-MHC class I binding affinity across 145 HLA-A, -B, and -C genotypes for all SARS-CoV-2 peptides. We further explored the potential for cross-protective immunity conferred by prior exposure to four common human coronaviruses. The SARS-CoV-2 proteome was successfully sampled and was represented by a diversity of HLA alleles. However, we found that HLA-B*46:01 had the fewest predicted binding peptides for SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that individuals with this allele may be particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, as they were previously shown to be for SARS (M. Lin, H.-T. Tseng, J. A. Trejaut, H.-L. Lee, et al., BMC Med Genet 4:9, 2003, https://bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2350-4-9). Conversely, we found that HLA-B*15:03 showed the greatest capacity to present highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 peptides that are shared among common human coronaviruses, suggesting that it could enable cross-protective T-cell-based immunity. Finally, we reported global distributions of HLA types with potential epidemiological ramifications in the setting of the current pandemic.IMPORTANCE Individual genetic variation may help to explain different immune responses to a virus across a population. In particular, understanding how variation in HLA may affect the course of COVID-19 could help identify individuals at higher risk from the disease. HLA typing can be fast and inexpensive. Pairing HLA typing with COVID-19 testing where feasible could improve assessment of severity of viral disease in the population. Following the development of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, individuals with high-risk HLA types could be prioritized for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Nguyen
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Julianne K David
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sean K Maden
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Mary A Wood
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Portland VA Research Foundation, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Benjamin R Weeder
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Abhinav Nellore
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Reid F Thompson
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Division of Hospital and Specialty Medicine, VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Abd Raman HS, Tan S, August JT, Khan AM. Dynamics of Influenza A (H5N1) virus protein sequence diversity. PeerJ 2020; 7:e7954. [PMID: 32518710 PMCID: PMC7261124 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza A (H5N1) virus is a global concern with potential as a pandemic threat. High sequence variability of influenza A viruses is a major challenge for effective vaccine design. A continuing goal towards this is a greater understanding of influenza A (H5N1) proteome sequence diversity in the context of the immune system (antigenic diversity), the dynamics of mutation, and effective strategies to overcome the diversity for vaccine design. Methods Herein, we report a comprehensive study of the dynamics of H5N1 mutations by analysis of the aligned overlapping nonamer positions (1–9, 2–10, etc.) of more than 13,000 protein sequences of avian and human influenza A (H5N1) viruses, reported over at least 50 years. Entropy calculations were performed on 9,408 overlapping nonamer position of the proteome to study the diversity in the context of immune system. The nonamers represent the predominant length of the binding cores for peptides recognized by the cellular immune system. To further dissect the sequence diversity, each overlapping nonamer position was quantitatively analyzed for four patterns of sequence diversity motifs: index, major, minor and unique. Results Almost all of the aligned overlapping nonamer positions of each viral proteome exhibited variants (major, minor, and unique) to the predominant index sequence. Each variant motif displayed a characteristic pattern of incidence change in relation to increased total variants. The major variant exhibited a restrictive pyramidal incidence pattern, with peak incidence at 50% total variants. Post this peak incidence, the minor variants became the predominant motif for majority of the positions. Unique variants, each sequence observed only once, were present at nearly all of the nonamer positions. The diversity motifs (index and variants) demonstrated complex inter-relationships, with motif switching being a common phenomenon. Additionally, 25 highly conserved sequences were identified to be shared across viruses of both hosts, with half conserved to several other influenza A subtypes. Discussion The presence of distinct sequences (nonatypes) at nearly all nonamer positions represents a large repertoire of reported viral variants in the proteome, which influence the variability dynamics of the viral population. This work elucidated and provided important insights on the components that make up the viral diversity, delineating inherent patterns in the organization of sequence changes that function in the viral fitness-selection. Additionally, it provides a catalogue of all the mutational changes involved in the dynamics of H5N1 viral diversity for both avian and human host populations. This work provides data relevant for the design of prophylactics and therapeutics that overcome the diversity of the virus, and can aid in the surveillance of existing and future strains of influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swan Tan
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Joseph Thomas August
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Asif M Khan
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.,Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Lyashchenko KP, Vordermeier HM, Waters WR. Memory B cells and tuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 221:110016. [PMID: 32050091 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Immunological memory is a central feature of adaptive immunity. Memory B cells are generated upon stimulation with antigen presented by follicular dendritic cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. This process typically involves class-switch recombination and somatic hypermutation and it can be dependent or independent on germinal centers or T cell help. The mature B cell memory pool is generally characterized by remarkable heterogeneity of functionally and phenotypically distinct sub-populations supporting multi-layer immune plasticity. Memory B cells found in human patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis include IgD+ CD27+ and IgM+ CD27+ subsets. In addition, expansion of atypical memory B cells characterized by the lack of CD27 expression and by inability to respond to antigen-induced re-activation is documented in human tuberculosis. These functionally impaired memory B cells are believed to have adverse effects on host immunity. Human and animal studies demonstrate recruitment of antigen-activated B cells to the infection sites and their presence in lung granulomas where proliferating B cells are organized into discrete clusters resembling germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. Cattle studies show development of IgM+, IgG+, and IgA+ memory B cells in M. bovis infection with the ability to rapidly differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells upon antigen re-exposure. This review discusses recent advances in research on generation, re-activation, heterogeneity, and immunobiological functions of memory B cells in tuberculosis. The role of memory B cells in post-skin test recall antibody responses in bovine tuberculosis and implications for development of improved immunodiagnostics are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Martin Vordermeier
- Tuberculosis Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom; Institute for Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - W Ray Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA
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11
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Bradt V, Malafa S, von Braun A, Jarmer J, Tsouchnikas G, Medits I, Wanke K, Karrer U, Stiasny K, Heinz FX. Pre-existing yellow fever immunity impairs and modulates the antibody response to tick-borne encephalitis vaccination. NPJ Vaccines 2019; 4:38. [PMID: 31508246 PMCID: PMC6731309 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-019-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses have an increasing global impact as arthropod-transmitted human pathogens, exemplified by Zika, dengue, yellow fever (YF), West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) viruses. Since all flaviviruses are antigenically related, they are prone to phenomena of immunological memory ('original antigenic sin'), which can modulate immune responses in the course of sequential infections and/or vaccinations. In our study, we analyzed the influence of pre-existing YF vaccine-derived immunity on the antibody response to TBE vaccination. By comparing samples from YF pre-vaccinated and flavivirus-naive individuals, we show that YF immunity not only caused a significant impairment of the neutralizing antibody response to TBE vaccination but also a reduction of the specific TBE virus neutralizing activities (NT/ELISA-titer ratios). Our results point to a possible negative effect of pre-existing cross-reactive immunity on the outcome of flavivirus vaccination that may also pertain to other combinations of sequential flavivirus infections and/or vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bradt
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Malafa
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amrei von Braun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Present Address: Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanna Jarmer
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Present Address: Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georgios Tsouchnikas
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Present Address: Hookipa Pharma, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iris Medits
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kerstin Wanke
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Present Address: Novartis, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - Urs Karrer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Present Address: Department of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz X. Heinz
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Nienen M, Stervbo U, Mölder F, Kaliszczyk S, Kuchenbecker L, Gayova L, Schweiger B, Jürchott K, Hecht J, Neumann AU, Rahmann S, Westhoff T, Reinke P, Thiel A, Babel N. The Role of Pre-existing Cross-Reactive Central Memory CD4 T-Cells in Vaccination With Previously Unseen Influenza Strains. Front Immunol 2019; 10:593. [PMID: 31019503 PMCID: PMC6458262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza vaccination is a common approach to prevent seasonal and pandemic influenza. Pre-existing antibodies against close viral strains might impair antibody formation against previously unseen strains-a process called original antigenic sin. The role of this pre-existing cellular immunity in this process is, despite some hints from animal models, not clear. Here, we analyzed cellular and humoral immunity in healthy individuals before and after vaccination with seasonal influenza vaccine. Based on influenza-specific hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) titers, vaccinees were grouped into HI-negative and -positive cohorts followed by in-depth cytometric and TCR repertoire analysis. Both serological groups revealed cross-reactive T-cell memory to the vaccine strains at baseline that gave rise to the majority of vaccine-specific T-cells post vaccination. On the contrary, very limited number of vaccine-specific T-cell clones was recruited from the naive pool. Furthermore, baseline quantity of vaccine-specific central memory helper T-cells and clonotype richness of this population directly correlated with the vaccination efficacy. Our findings suggest that the deliberate recruitment of pre-existing cross-reactive cellular memory might help to improve vaccination outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikalai Nienen
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrik Stervbo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Immunology and Transplantation, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Felix Mölder
- Genome Informatics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sviatlana Kaliszczyk
- Center for Translational Medicine, Immunology and Transplantation, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Karsten Jürchott
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Hecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Avidan U Neumann
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sven Rahmann
- Genome Informatics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Timm Westhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Thiel
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Babel
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Translational Medicine, Immunology and Transplantation, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Congenital cytomegalovirus infection via a re-infected mother with original antigenic sin: A case report. Int J Infect Dis 2018; 77:87-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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14
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Park MS, Kim JI, Lee I, Park S, Bae JY, Park MS. Towards the Application of Human Defensins as Antivirals. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:242-254. [PMID: 29310427 PMCID: PMC5933891 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Defensins are antimicrobial peptides that participate in the innate immunity of hosts. Humans constitutively and/or inducibly express α- and β-defensins, which are known for their antiviral and antibacterial activities. This review describes the application of human defensins. We discuss the extant experimental results, limited though they are, to consider the potential applicability of human defensins as antiviral agents. Given their antiviral effects, we propose that basic research be conducted on human defensins that focuses on RNA viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and dengue virus (DENV), which are considered serious human pathogens but have posed huge challenges for vaccine development for different reasons. Concerning the prophylactic and therapeutic applications of defensins, we then discuss the applicability of human defensins as antivirals that has been demonstrated in reports using animal models. Finally, we discuss the potential adjuvant-like activity of human defensins and propose an exploration of the ‘defensin vaccine’ concept to prime the body with a controlled supply of human defensins. In sum, we suggest a conceptual framework to achieve the practical application of human defensins to combat viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Sook Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilseob Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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15
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Kumar A, Smith CEP, Giorgi EE, Eudailey J, Martinez DR, Yusim K, Douglas AO, Stamper L, McGuire E, LaBranche CC, Montefiori DC, Fouda GG, Gao F, Permar SR. Infant transmitted/founder HIV-1 viruses from peripartum transmission are neutralization resistant to paired maternal plasma. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006944. [PMID: 29672607 PMCID: PMC5908066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive genetic diversity of HIV-1 in chronic infection, a single or few maternal virus variants become the founders of an infant’s infection. These transmitted/founder (T/F) variants are of particular interest, as a maternal or infant HIV vaccine should raise envelope (Env) specific IgG responses capable of blocking this group of viruses. However, the maternal or infant factors that contribute to selection of infant T/F viruses are not well understood. In this study, we amplified HIV-1 env genes by single genome amplification from 16 mother-infant transmitting pairs from the U.S. pre-antiretroviral era Women Infant Transmission Study (WITS). Infant T/F and representative maternal non-transmitted Env variants from plasma were identified and used to generate pseudoviruses for paired maternal plasma neutralization sensitivity analysis. Eighteen out of 21 (85%) infant T/F Env pseudoviruses were neutralization resistant to paired maternal plasma. Yet, all infant T/F viruses were neutralization sensitive to a panel of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies and variably sensitive to heterologous plasma neutralizing antibodies. Also, these infant T/F pseudoviruses were overall more neutralization resistant to paired maternal plasma in comparison to pseudoviruses from maternal non-transmitted variants (p = 0.012). Altogether, our findings suggest that autologous neutralization of circulating viruses by maternal plasma antibodies select for neutralization-resistant viruses that initiate peripartum transmission, raising the speculation that enhancement of this response at the end of pregnancy could further reduce infant HIV-1 infection risk. Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 can occur during pregnancy (in utero), at the time of delivery (peripartum) or by breastfeeding (postpartum). With the availability of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), rate of MTCT of HIV-1 have been significantly lowered. However, significant implementation challenges remain in resource-poor areas, making it difficult to eliminate pediatric HIV. An improved understanding of the viral population (escape variants from autologous neutralizing antibodies) that lead to infection of infants at time of transmission will help in designing immune interventions to reduce perinatal HIV-1 transmission. Here, we selected 16 HIV-1-infected mother-infant pairs from WITS cohort (from pre anti-retroviral era), where infants became infected peripartum. HIV-1 env gene sequences were obtained by the single genome amplification (SGA) method. The sensitivity of these infant Env pseudoviruses against paired maternal plasma and a panel of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs) was analyzed. We demonstrated that the infant T/F viruses were more resistant against maternal plasma than non-transmitted maternal variants, but sensitive to most (bNAbs). Signature sequence analysis of infant T/F and non-transmitted maternal variants revealed the potential importance of V3 and MPER region for resistance against paired maternal plasma. These findings provide insights for the design of maternal immunization strategies to enhance neutralizing antibodies that target V3 region of autologous virus populations, which could work synergistically with maternal ARVs to further reduce the rate of peripartum HIV-1 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Claire E. P. Smith
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Elena E. Giorgi
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Joshua Eudailey
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David R. Martinez
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Karina Yusim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Ayooluwa O. Douglas
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lisa Stamper
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erin McGuire
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Celia C. LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Genevieve G. Fouda
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Sallie R. Permar
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Wang J, Hilchey SP, DeDiego M, Perry S, Hyrien O, Nogales A, Garigen J, Amanat F, Huertas N, Krammer F, Martinez-Sobrido L, Topham DJ, Treanor JJ, Sangster MY, Zand MS. Broad cross-reactive IgG responses elicited by adjuvanted vaccination with recombinant influenza hemagglutinin (rHA) in ferrets and mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193680. [PMID: 29641537 PMCID: PMC5894995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Annual immunization against influenza virus is a large international public health effort. Accumulating evidence suggests that antibody mediated cross-reactive immunity against influenza hemagglutinin (HA) strongly correlates with long-lasting cross-protection against influenza virus strains that differ from the primary infection or vaccination strain. However, the optimal strategies for achieving highly cross-reactive antibodies to the influenza virus HA have not yet to be defined. In the current study, using Luminex-based mPlex-Flu assay, developed by our laboratory, to quantitatively measure influenza specific IgG antibody mediated cross-reactivity, we found that prime-boost-boost vaccination of ferrets with rHA proteins admixed with adjuvant elicited higher magnitude and broader cross-reactive antibody responses than that induced by actual influenza viral infection, and this cross-reactive response likely correlated with increased anti-stalk reactive antibodies. We observed a similar phenomenon in mice receiving three sequential vaccinations with rHA proteins from either A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) or A/Hong Kong/1/1968 (H3N2) viruses admixed with Addavax, an MF59-like adjuvant. Using this same mouse vaccination model, we determined that Addavax plays a more significant role in the initial priming event than in subsequent boosts. We also characterized the generation of cross-reactive antibody secreting cells (ASCs) and memory B cells (MBCs) when comparing vaccination to viral infection. We have also found that adjuvant plays a critical role in the generation of long-lived ASCs and MBCs cross-reactive to influenza viruses as a result of vaccination with rHA of influenza virus, and the observed increase in stalk-reactive antibodies likely contributes to this IgG mediated broad cross-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Shannon P. Hilchey
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Marta DeDiego
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sheldon Perry
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Ollivier Hyrien
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jessica Garigen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Nelson Huertas
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David J. Topham
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - John J. Treanor
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark Y. Sangster
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Martin S. Zand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Rochester Center for Health Informatics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Lustig Y, Cotar AI, Ceianu CS, Castilletti C, Zelena H, Burdino E, van Tienen C, Avsic T, Aarons E, Reusken C. Lack of Zika virus antibody response in confirmed patients in non-endemic countries. J Clin Virol 2017; 99-100:31-34. [PMID: 29289815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Lustig
- National Center for Zoonotic Viruses Laboratory, Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
| | - Ani Ioana Cotar
- Cantacuzino National Institute for Research, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Hana Zelena
- Institute of Public Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic; University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Elisa Burdino
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Carla van Tienen
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tatjana Avsic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emma Aarons
- Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory, Public Health England Porton, Salisbury, UK
| | - Chantal Reusken
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Mameli C, D’auria E, Erba P, Nannini P, Zuccotti GV. Influenza vaccine response: future perspectives. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 18:1-5. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1391786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Enza D’auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Erba
- Department of Pediatrics, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pilar Nannini
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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19
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Vatti A, Monsalve DM, Pacheco Y, Chang C, Anaya JM, Gershwin ME. Original antigenic sin: A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun 2017; 83:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Krammer F. Strategies to induce broadly protective antibody responses to viral glycoproteins. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 16:503-513. [PMID: 28277797 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1299576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, several universal/broadly protective influenza virus vaccine candidates are under development. Many of these vaccines are based on strategies to induce protective antibody responses against the surface glycoproteins of antigenically and genetically diverse influenza viruses. These strategies might also be applicable to surface glycoproteins of a broad range of other important viral pathogens. Areas covered: Common strategies include sequential vaccination with divergent antigens, multivalent approaches, vaccination with glycan-modified antigens, vaccination with minimal antigens and vaccination with antigens that have centralized/optimized sequences. Here we review these strategies and the underlying concepts. Furthermore, challenges, feasibility and applicability to other viral pathogens are discussed. Expert commentary: Several broadly protective/universal influenza virus vaccine strategies will be tested in humans in the coming years. If successful in terms of safety and immunological readouts, they will move forward into efficacy trials. In the meantime, successful vaccine strategies might also be applied to other antigenically diverse viruses of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Krammer
- a Department of Microbiology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
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