1
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Shmuel S, Monette S, Ibrahim D, Pereira PMR. PDX Models in Theranostic Applications: Generation and Screening for B Cell Lymphoma of Human Origin. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:569-576. [PMID: 38649626 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This MIB guide briefly summarizes the generation of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and highlights the importance of validating PDX models for the presence of B cell lymphoma of human origin before their use in radiotheranostic applications. The use of this protocol will allow researchers to learn different methods for screening PDX models for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected B cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayla Shmuel
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dina Ibrahim
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Patrícia M R Pereira
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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2
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Cigliano A, Liao W, Deiana GA, Rizzo D, Chen X, Calvisi DF. Preclinical Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Utility, Limitations, and Challenges. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1624. [PMID: 39062197 PMCID: PMC11274649 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant primary liver tumor, remains one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, despite the advances in therapy in recent years. In addition to the traditional chemically and dietary-induced HCC models, a broad spectrum of novel preclinical tools have been generated following the advent of transgenic, transposon, organoid, and in silico technologies to overcome this gloomy scenario. These models have become rapidly robust preclinical instruments to unravel the molecular pathogenesis of liver cancer and establish new therapeutic approaches against this deadly disease. The present review article aims to summarize and discuss the commonly used preclinical models for HCC, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cigliano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Weiting Liao
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (W.L.); (X.C.)
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Giovanni A. Deiana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (W.L.); (X.C.)
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
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3
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Li H, Li Y, Zhang L, Wang N, Lu D, Tang D, Lv Y, Zhang J, Yan H, Gong H, Zhang M, Nie K, Hou Y, Yu Y, Xiao H, Liu C. Prodrug-inspired adenosine triphosphate-activatable celastrol-Fe(III) chelate for cancer therapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn0960. [PMID: 38996025 PMCID: PMC11244545 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn0960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Celastrol (CEL), an active compound isolated from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii, exhibits broad anticancer activities. However, its poor stability, narrow therapeutic window and numerous adverse effects limit its applications in vivo. In this study, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activatable CEL-Fe(III) chelate was designed, synthesized, and then encapsulated with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive polymer to obtain CEL-Fe nanoparticles (CEL-Fe NPs). In normal tissues, CEL-Fe NPs maintain structural stability and exhibit reduced systemic toxicity, while at the tumor site, an ATP-ROS-rich tumor microenvironment, drug release is triggered by ROS, and antitumor potency is restored by competitive binding of ATP. This intelligent CEL delivery system improves the biosafety and bioavailability of CEL for cancer therapy. Such a CEL-metal chelate strategy not only mitigates the challenges associated with CEL but also opens avenues for the generation of CEL derivatives, thereby expanding the therapeutic potential of CEL in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanrong Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yifan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lingpu Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physical and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong Lu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongsheng Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physical and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yitong Lv
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Heben Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - He Gong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206,China
| | - Kaili Nie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi Hou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yingjie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physical and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaoyong Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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4
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Cheng C, Hsu SK, Chen YC, Liu W, Shu ED, Chien CM, Chiu CC, Chang WT. Burning down the house: Pyroptosis in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2024; 347:122627. [PMID: 38614301 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A high mortality rate makes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) a difficult cancer to treat. When surgery is not possible, liver cancer patients are treated with chemotherapy. However, HCC management and treatment are difficult. Sorafenib, which is a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, initially slows disease progression. However, sorafenib resistance limits patient survival. Recent studies have linked HCC to programmed cell death, which has increased researcher interest in therapies targeting cell death. Pyroptosis, which is an inflammatory mode of programmed cell death, may be targeted to treat HCC. Pyroptosis pathways, executors, and effects are examined in this paper. This review summarizes how pyroptosis affects the tumor microenvironment (TME) in HCC, including the role of cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 in regulating immune responses. The use of chemotherapies and their ability to induce cancer cell pyroptosis as alternative treatments and combining them with other drugs to reduce side effects is also discussed. In conclusion, we highlight the potential of inducing pyroptosis to treat HCC and suggest ways to improve patient outcomes. Studies on cancer cell pyroptosis may lead to new HCC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cheng
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wangta Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - En-De Shu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ming Chien
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; The Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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5
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Chen Q, Sun X, Li Y, Yang X, Yang X, Xu H, Cai H, Hu J. The potential of organoids in renal cell carcinoma research. BMC Urol 2024; 24:120. [PMID: 38858665 PMCID: PMC11165752 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma, a leading cause of death in urological malignancies, arises from the nephron. Its characteristics include diversity in disease biology, varied clinical behaviors, different prognoses, and diverse responses to systemic therapies. The term 'organoids' is used to describe structures resembling tissues created through the three-dimensional cultivation of stem cells in vitro. These organoids, when derived from tumor tissues, can retain the diversity of the primary tumor, mirror its spatial tissue structure, and replicate similar organ-like functions. In contrast to conventional two-dimensional cell cultures and the transplantation of tumor tissues into other organisms, organoids derived from tumors maintain the complexity and microenvironment of the original tumor tissue. This fidelity makes them a more reliable model for the development of cancer drugs, potentially accelerating the translation of these drugs to clinical use and facilitating personalized treatment options for patients. This review aims to summarize the recent advancements in the use of organoids for studying renal cell carcinoma, focusing on their cultivation, potential applications, and inherent limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yubei Li
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejian Yang
- Department of Urology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Haifei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Hongzhou Cai
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China.
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Liu YY, Wu DK, Chen JB, Tang YM, Jiang F. Advances in the study of gastric organoids as disease models. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1725-1736. [PMID: 38764838 PMCID: PMC11099456 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric organoids are models created in the laboratory using stem cells and sophisticated three-dimensional cell culture techniques. These models have shown great promise in providing valuable insights into gastric physiology and advanced disease research. This review comprehensively summarizes and analyzes the research advances in culture methods and techniques for adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids, and patient-derived organoids. The potential value of gastric organoids in studying the pathogenesis of stomach-related diseases and facilitating drug screening is initially discussed. The construction of gastric organoids involves several key steps, including cell extraction and culture, three-dimensional structure formation, and functional expression. Simulating the structure and function of the human stomach by disease modeling with gastric organoids provides a platform to study the mechanism of gastric cancer induction by Helicobacter pylori. In addition, in drug screening and development, gastric organoids can be used as a key tool to evaluate drug efficacy and toxicity in preclinical trials. They can also be used for precision medicine according to the specific conditions of patients with gastric cancer, to assess drug resistance, and to predict the possibility of adverse reactions. However, despite the impressive progress in the field of gastric organoids, there are still many unknowns that need to be addressed, especially in the field of regenerative medicine. Meanwhile, the reproducibility and consistency of organoid cultures are major challenges that must be overcome. These challenges have had a significant impact on the development of gastric organoids. Nonetheless, as technology continues to advance, we can foresee more comprehensive research in the construction of gastric organoids. Such research will provide better solutions for the treatment of stomach-related diseases and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Liu
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - De-Kun Wu
- Teaching Experiment and Training Center, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ji-Bing Chen
- Central Laboratory, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - You-Ming Tang
- Department of Digestive Disease, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- AIDS Research Center, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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7
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Peralta S, Katt W, Balkman C, Butler S, Carney P, Todd-Donato A, Drozd M, Duhamel G, Fiani N, Ford J, Grenier J, Hayward J, Heikinheimo K, Hume K, Moore E, Puri R, Sylvester S, Warshaw S, Webb S, White A, Wright A, Cerione R. Opportunities for targeted therapies: trametinib as a therapeutic approach to canine oral squamous cell carcinomas. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4289451. [PMID: 38746473 PMCID: PMC11092801 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4289451/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Oral tumors are relatively common in dogs, and canine oral squamous cell carcinoma (COSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignancy of epithelial origin. COSCC is locally aggressive with up to 20% of patients showing regional or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The treatment of choice most typically involves wide surgical excision. Although long-term remission is possible, treatments are associated with significant morbidity and can negatively impact functionality and quality of life. OSCCs have significant upregulation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling axis, and we had previously hypothesized that small-molecule inhibitors that target RAS signaling might effectively inhibit tumor growth and progression. Here, we demonstrate that the MEK inhibitor trametinib, an FDA-approved drug for human cancers, significantly blocks the growth of several COSCC cell lines established from current patient tumor samples. We further show clinical evidence that the drug is able to cause significant tumor regression in some patients with spontaneously occurring COSCC. Given the limited treatment options available and the high rate of owner rejection of these offered options, these findings provide new hope that more acceptable treatment options may soon enter the veterinary clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Grenier
- RNA Sequencing Core and Center for Reproductive Genomics. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Soufizadeh P, Mansouri V, Ahmadbeigi N. A review of animal models utilized in preclinical studies of approved gene therapy products: trends and insights. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:17. [PMID: 38649954 PMCID: PMC11034049 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific progress heavily relies on rigorous research, adherence to scientific standards, and transparent reporting. Animal models play a crucial role in advancing biomedical research, especially in the field of gene therapy. Animal models are vital tools in preclinical research, allowing scientists to predict outcomes and understand complex biological processes. The selection of appropriate animal models is critical, considering factors such as physiological and pathophysiological similarities, availability, and ethical considerations. Animal models continue to be indispensable tools in preclinical gene therapy research. Advancements in genetic engineering and model selection have improved the fidelity and relevance of these models. As gene therapy research progresses, careful consideration of animal models and transparent reporting will contribute to the development of effective therapies for various genetic disorders and diseases. This comprehensive review explores the use of animal models in preclinical gene therapy studies for approved products up to September 2023. The study encompasses 47 approved gene therapy products, with a focus on preclinical trials. This comprehensive analysis serves as a valuable reference for researchers in the gene therapy field, aiding in the selection of suitable animal models for their preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Soufizadeh
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Mansouri
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Ahmadbeigi
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Fűr GM, Nemes K, Magó É, Benő AÁ, Topolcsányi P, Moldvay J, Pongor LS. Applied models and molecular characteristics of small cell lung cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611743. [PMID: 38711976 PMCID: PMC11070512 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive type of cancer frequently diagnosed with metastatic spread, rendering it surgically unresectable for the majority of patients. Although initial responses to platinum-based therapies are often observed, SCLC invariably relapses within months, frequently developing drug-resistance ultimately contributing to short overall survival rates. Recently, SCLC research aimed to elucidate the dynamic changes in the genetic and epigenetic landscape. These have revealed distinct subtypes of SCLC, each characterized by unique molecular signatures. The recent understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of SCLC has opened up potential avenues for precision medicine, enabling the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. In this review, we delve into the applied models and computational approaches that have been instrumental in the identification of promising drug candidates. We also explore the emerging molecular diagnostic tools that hold the potential to transform clinical practice and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Mihalekné Fűr
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kolos Nemes
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Magó
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Á. Benő
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petronella Topolcsányi
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Moldvay
- Department of Pulmonology, Szeged University Szent-Gyorgyi Albert Medical School, Szeged, Hungary
- 1st Department of Pulmonology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lőrinc S. Pongor
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
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10
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Sousa ACDS, Fernandes BLNC, da Silva JPA, Stevanato Filho PR, Coimbra LBDCT, de Oliveira Beserra A, Alvarenga AL, Maida G, Guimaraes CT, Nakamuta IM, Marchi FA, Alves C, Lichtenfels M, de Farias CB, Kupper BEC, Costa FD, de Mello CAL, Carraro DM, Torrezan GT, Lopes A, dos Santos TG. A Case Study of a Rare Undifferentiated Spindle Cell Sarcoma of the Penis: Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Models. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:424. [PMID: 38674359 PMCID: PMC11049969 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rare sarcomas present significant treatment challenges compared to more prevalent soft tissue sarcomas due to limited treatment options and a poor understanding of their biology. This study investigates a unique case of penile sarcoma, providing a comprehensive morphological and molecular analysis. Through the creation of experimental patient-derived models-including patient-derived xenograft (PDX), 3D, and monolayer primary cultures-we successfully replicated crucial molecular traits observed in the patient's tumor, such as smooth muscle actin and CD99 expression, along with specific mutations in genes like TSC2 and FGFR4. These models are helpful in assessing the potential for an in-depth exploration of this tumor's biology. This comprehensive approach holds promise in identifying potential therapeutic avenues for managing this exceedingly rare soft tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Cavalcante dos Santos Sousa
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
- Graduate Program of A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-020, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Paulo Roberto Stevanato Filho
- Reference Center in Sarcoma, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (P.R.S.F.); (B.E.C.K.); (F.D.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Luiza Bitencourt de Carvalho Terci Coimbra
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Adriano de Oliveira Beserra
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
- Graduate Program of A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-020, Brazil;
| | - Ana Luiza Alvarenga
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Maida
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Camila Tokumoto Guimaraes
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Martinez Nakamuta
- Graduate Program of A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-020, Brazil;
- Heart Institute of School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Fabio Albuquerque Marchi
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of Sao Paulo (ICESP), Clinical Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo Medical School (HCFMUSP), Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
| | - Camila Alves
- Ziel Biosciences, Department of Translational Research, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil; (C.A.); (M.L.); (C.B.d.F.)
| | - Martina Lichtenfels
- Ziel Biosciences, Department of Translational Research, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil; (C.A.); (M.L.); (C.B.d.F.)
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Ziel Biosciences, Department of Translational Research, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil; (C.A.); (M.L.); (C.B.d.F.)
| | - Bruna Elisa Catin Kupper
- Reference Center in Sarcoma, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (P.R.S.F.); (B.E.C.K.); (F.D.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Felipe D’Almeida Costa
- Reference Center in Sarcoma, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (P.R.S.F.); (B.E.C.K.); (F.D.C.); (A.L.)
- Anatomic Pathology Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Abdon Lopes de Mello
- Reference Center in Sarcoma, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (P.R.S.F.); (B.E.C.K.); (F.D.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Giovana Tardin Torrezan
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Ademar Lopes
- Reference Center in Sarcoma, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (P.R.S.F.); (B.E.C.K.); (F.D.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Tiago Goss dos Santos
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (L.B.d.C.T.C.); (A.d.O.B.); (A.L.A.); (G.M.); (C.T.G.); (D.M.C.); (G.T.T.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
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11
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Zacharias NM, Segarra L, Akagi K, Fowlkes NW, Chen H, Alaniz A, de la Cerda C, Pesquera P, Xi Y, Wang J, Chahoud J, Lu X, Rao P, Martinez-Ferrer M, Pettaway CA. Transcriptomic, Proteomic, and Genomic Mutational Fraction Differences Based on HPV Status Observed in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1066. [PMID: 38473423 PMCID: PMC10930474 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) has only a 50% response rate to first-line combination chemotherapies and there are currently no targeted-therapy approaches. Therefore, we have an urgent need in advanced-PSCC treatment to find novel therapies. Approximately half of all PSCC cases are positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Our objective was to generate HPV-positive (HPV+) and HPV-negative (HPV-) patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and to determine the biological differences between HPV+ and HPV- disease. We generated four HPV+ and three HPV- PSCC PDX animal models by directly implanting resected patient tumor tissue into immunocompromised mice. PDX tumor tissue was found to be similar to patient tumor tissue (donor tissue) by histology and short tandem repeat fingerprinting. DNA mutations were mostly preserved in PDX tissues and similar APOBEC (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide) mutational fractions in donor tissue and PDX tissues were noted. A higher APOBEC mutational fraction was found in HPV+ versus HPV- PDX tissues (p = 0.044), and significant transcriptomic and proteomic expression differences based on HPV status included p16 (CDKN2A), RRM2, and CDC25C. These models will allow for the direct testing of targeted therapies in PSCC and determine their response in correlation to HPV status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki M. Zacharias
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.); (P.P.)
- MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Luis Segarra
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.); (P.P.)
- MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keiko Akagi
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Natalie Wall Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Huiqin Chen
- Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Angelita Alaniz
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Carolyn de la Cerda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Pedro Pesquera
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Jad Chahoud
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Norte Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Priya Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Magaly Martinez-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus & Cancer Biology, UPR Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR 00936, USA;
| | - Curtis A. Pettaway
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.); (P.P.)
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12
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Choi D, Gonzalez‐Suarez AM, Dumbrava MG, Medlyn M, de Hoyos‐Vega JM, Cichocki F, Miller JS, Ding L, Zhu M, Stybayeva G, Gaspar‐Maia A, Billadeau DD, Ma WW, Revzin A. Microfluidic Organoid Cultures Derived from Pancreatic Cancer Biopsies for Personalized Testing of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303088. [PMID: 38018486 PMCID: PMC10837378 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Patient-derived cancer organoids (PDOs) hold considerable promise for personalizing therapy selection and improving patient outcomes. However, it is challenging to generate PDOs in sufficient numbers to test therapies in standard culture platforms. This challenge is particularly acute for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) where most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage with non-resectable tumors and where patient tissue is in the form of needle biopsies. Here the development and characterization of microfluidic devices for testing therapies using a limited amount of tissue or PDOs available from PDAC biopsies is described. It is demonstrated that microfluidic PDOs are phenotypically and genotypically similar to the gold-standard Matrigel organoids with the advantages of 1) spheroid uniformity, 2) minimal cell number requirement, and 3) not relying on Matrigel. The utility of microfluidic PDOs is proven by testing PDO responses to several chemotherapies, including an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase (GSKI). In addition, microfluidic organoid cultures are used to test effectiveness of immunotherapy comprised of NK cells in combination with a novel biologic. In summary, our microfluidic device offers considerable benefits for personalizing oncology based on cancer biopsies and may, in the future, be developed into a companion diagnostic for chemotherapy or immunotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daheui Choi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | | | - Mihai G. Dumbrava
- Division of Experimental PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
- Center for Individualized MedicineEpigenomics programMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Michael Medlyn
- Division of Oncology ResearchCollege of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | | | - Frank Cichocki
- Department of MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
| | | | - Li Ding
- Division of Oncology ResearchCollege of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Mojun Zhu
- Division of Medical OncologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Alexandre Gaspar‐Maia
- Division of Experimental PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
- Center for Individualized MedicineEpigenomics programMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Daniel D. Billadeau
- Division of Oncology ResearchCollege of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Wen Wee Ma
- Division of Medical OncologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
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13
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Trucillo P. Biomaterials for Drug Delivery and Human Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:456. [PMID: 38255624 PMCID: PMC10817481 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials embody a groundbreaking paradigm shift in the field of drug delivery and human applications. Their versatility and adaptability have not only enriched therapeutic outcomes but also significantly reduced the burden of adverse effects. This work serves as a comprehensive overview of biomaterials, with a particular emphasis on their pivotal role in drug delivery, classifying them in terms of their biobased, biodegradable, and biocompatible nature, and highlighting their characteristics and advantages. The examination also delves into the extensive array of applications for biomaterials in drug delivery, encompassing diverse medical fields such as cancer therapy, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and vaccination. This work also explores the actual challenges within this domain, including potential toxicity and the complexity of manufacturing processes. These challenges emphasize the necessity for thorough research and the continuous development of regulatory frameworks. The second aim of this review is to navigate through the compelling terrain of recent advances and prospects in biomaterials, envisioning a healthcare landscape where they empower precise, targeted, and personalized drug delivery. The potential for biomaterials to transform healthcare is staggering, as they promise treatments tailored to individual patient needs, offering hope for improved therapeutic efficacy, fewer side effects, and a brighter future for medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Trucillo
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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14
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Wang L, Yan J, XinyuWang, Xu Y, Pan D, Chen C, Shao Y, Song X, Qi K, Yang M, Tu J. Evaluation of chicken chorioallantoic membrane model for tumor imaging and drug development: Promising findings. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38230452 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model is a potential alternative to the mouse model based on the 3R principles. However, its value for determination of the in vivo behaviors of radiolabeled peptides through positron emission tomography (PET) imaging needed investigation. Herein, the chicken CAM tumor models were established, and their feasibility was evaluated for evaluating the imaging properties of radiolabeled peptides using a 68 Ga-labeled HER2 affibody. METHODS Two human breast cancer cell lines were inoculated into chicken CAM and mice, respectively. The tumor-targeting potential and pharmacokinetic profile of a 68 Ga-labeled affibody, 68 Ga-MZHER, in both tumor models were also determined. RESULTS The tumor-formation time in chicken CAM model was shorter than that of mouse model. The uptake values of human epithelial growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive Bcap37 tumors in chicken CAM and mouse models were 5.36 ± 0.26% ID/g and 5.26 ± 0.43% ID/g at 30 min postinjection of 68 Ga-MZHER, respectively. At the same time points, the uptake values of HER2-negative MDA-MB-231 tumors in the chicken CAM models and mouse models were 1.57 ± 0.15% ID/g and 1.67 ± 0.25% ID/g, respectively. Ex vivo biodistribution confirmed that more radioactivity accumulated in Bcap37 tumors than in MDA-MD-231 tumors in both CAM and mouse models. CONCLUSION In this study, the CAM tumor model was successfully prepared. The chicken CAM model is a novel tool for quickly determining the in vivo properties of radiolabeled peptides targeting biomarkers. It may be beneficial for early monitoring of the therapeutic effect of a new drug through PET imaging with specific peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - XinyuWang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Chongyang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangjun Song
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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15
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Savel H, Meyer-Losic F, Proust-Lima C, Richert L. Statistical classification of treatment responses in mouse clinical trials for stratified medicine in oncology drug discovery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:934. [PMID: 38195626 PMCID: PMC10776864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Translational oncology research strives to explore a new aspect: identifying subgroups that exhibit treatment response even during pre-clinical phases. In this study, we focus on PDX models and their implementation in mouse clinical trials (MCT). Our primary objective was to identify subgroups with different treatment responses using Latent Class Mixed Model (LCMM).We used a public dataset and focused on one treatment, encorafenib, and two indications, melanoma and colorectal cancer, for which efficacy depends on a specific mutation BRAF V600E. One LCMM per indication was implemented to classify treatment responses at the PDX level, analyzing the growth kinetics of treated tumors and matched controls within the PDX models. A simulation study was carried out to explore the performance of LCMM in this context. For both applications, LCMM identified classes for which the higher the proportion of mutated BRAF V600E PDX models the greater the treatment effect, which is aligned with encorafenib use recommendations. The simulation study showed that LCMM could identify classes with large differences in treatment effects. LCMM is a suitable tool for MCT to explore treatment response subgroups of PDX. Once these subgroups are defined, characterization of their phenotypes/genotypes could be performed to explore treatment response predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Savel
- U1219, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Université de Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Ipsen Innovation, 5 Avenue du Canada, 91940, Les Ulis, France
- Inria, SISTM, 33400, Talence, France
| | | | - Cécile Proust-Lima
- U1219, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Université de Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Institut Bergonié, CHU de Bordeaux, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, CIC-EC 1401, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laura Richert
- U1219, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Université de Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, CHU de Bordeaux, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, CIC-EC 1401, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
- Inria, SISTM, 33400, Talence, France.
- Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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16
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Xiu Z, Yang Q, Xie F, Han F, He W, Liao W. Revolutionizing digestive system tumor organoids research: Exploring the potential of tumor organoids. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241255470. [PMID: 38808253 PMCID: PMC11131411 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241255470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive system tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite ongoing research, our understanding of their mechanisms and treatment remain inadequate. One promising tool for clinical applications is the use of gastrointestinal tract tumor organoids, which serve as an important in vitro model. Tumor organoids exhibit a genotype similar to the patient's tumor and effectively mimic various biological processes, including tissue renewal, stem cell, and ecological niche functions, and tissue response to drugs, mutations, or injury. As such, they are valuable for drug screening, developing novel drugs, assessing patient outcomes, and supporting immunotherapy. In addition, innovative materials and techniques can be used to optimize tumor organoid culture systems. Several applications of digestive system tumor organoids have been described and have shown promising results in related aspects. In this review, we discuss the current progress, limitations, and prospects of this model for digestive system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Xiu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fusheng Xie
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weifang Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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17
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Rossi Herling B, Chen MZ, McLeod VM. Assessing Protein Expression in Patient-Derived Xenografts Using Western Blotting. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2806:209-218. [PMID: 38676805 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3858-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The use of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in cancer research is increasing due to their ability to closely mimic the features of patient tumors. The ability to quickly and robustly measure protein expression levels in these tissues is a key methodology required in a broad range of experimental designs. Western blotting (WB) is a cost effective and simple tool that is highly specific and sensitive for detecting and quantifying individual proteins, posttranslational modifications and aberrant signaling pathways. Here, we described a method to assess protein expression in PDX tissues using WB to detect proteins involved in cell growth signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Rossi Herling
- Drug Delivery Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Moore Zhe Chen
- Drug Delivery Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Victoria M McLeod
- Drug Delivery Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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18
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Ba D, Li H, Liu R, Zhang P, Tang Y. Exploratory study on the efficacy of bortezomib combining mitoxantrone or CD22-CAR T therapy targeting CD19-negative relapse after CD19-CAR T cell therapy with a simpler cell-line-based model. Apoptosis 2023; 28:1534-1545. [PMID: 37243774 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Target-negative relapse after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor engineered (CAR) T cell therapy for patients with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) presents limited treatment options with dismal outcomes. Although CD22-CAR T cells mediate similarly potent antineoplastic effects in patients with CD19dim or even CD19-negative relapse following CD19-directed immunotherapy, a high rate of relapse associated with diminished CD22 cell surface expression has also been observed. Therefore, it is unclear whether any other therapeutic options are available. Mitoxantrone has shown significant antineoplastic activity in patients with relapsed or refractory leukemia over the past decades, and in some cases, the addition of bortezomib to conventional chemotherapeutic agents has demonstrated improved response rates. However, whether this mitoxantrone and bortezomib combination therapy is effective for those patients who have relapsed B-ALL after receiving CD19-CAR T cell therapy remains to be elucidated. In this study, we established a cellular model system using a CD19-positive B-ALL cell line Nalm-6 to investigate the treatment options for CD19-negative relapsed B-ALL after CD19-CAR T cell therapy. In addition to CD22-CAR T therapy, we observed that the combination of bortezomib and mitoxantrone exhibited effective anti-leukemia activity in the CD19-negative Nalm-6 cell line by downregulating p-AKT and p-mTOR. These results suggest that this combination therapy is a possible option for target-negative refractory leukemia cells after CAR-T cell treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandian Ba
- Department/Center of Hematology-oncology, Pediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, #57 Zhuganxiang Road, Yan-an Street, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department/Center of Hematology-oncology, Pediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, #57 Zhuganxiang Road, Yan-an Street, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department/Center of Hematology-oncology, Pediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, #57 Zhuganxiang Road, Yan-an Street, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department/Center of Hematology-oncology, Pediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, #57 Zhuganxiang Road, Yan-an Street, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Yongmin Tang
- Department/Center of Hematology-oncology, Pediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, #57 Zhuganxiang Road, Yan-an Street, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
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19
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Lee EJ, Noh SJ, Choi H, Kim MW, Kim SJ, Seo YA, Jeong JE, Shin I, Kim JS, Choi JK, Cho DY, Chang S. Comparative RNA-Seq Analysis Revealed Tissue-Specific Splicing Variations during the Generation of the PDX Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17001. [PMID: 38069324 PMCID: PMC10707456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific gene expression generates fundamental differences in the function of each tissue and affects the characteristics of the tumors that are created as a result. However, it is unclear how much the tissue specificity is conserved during grafting of the primary tumor into an immune-compromised mouse model. Here, we performed a comparative RNA-seq analysis of four different primary-patient derived xenograft (PDX) tumors. The analysis revealed a conserved RNA biotype distribution of primary-PDX pairs, as revealed by previous works. Interestingly, we detected significant changes in the splicing pattern of PDX, which was mainly comprised of skipped exons. This was confirmed by splicing variant-specific RT-PCR analysis. On the other hand, the correlation analysis for the tissue-specific genes indicated overall strong positive correlations between the primary and PDX tumor pairs, with the exception of gastric cancer cases, which showed an inverse correlation. These data propose a tissue-specific change in splicing events during PDX formation as a variable factor that affects primary-PDX integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.J.L.); (M.W.K.); (S.J.K.); (Y.A.S.); (J.E.J.)
| | - Seung-Jae Noh
- PentaMedix Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13449, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.N.); (H.C.); (D.-Y.C.)
| | - Huiseon Choi
- PentaMedix Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13449, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.N.); (H.C.); (D.-Y.C.)
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.J.L.); (M.W.K.); (S.J.K.); (Y.A.S.); (J.E.J.)
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.J.L.); (M.W.K.); (S.J.K.); (Y.A.S.); (J.E.J.)
| | - Yeon Ah Seo
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.J.L.); (M.W.K.); (S.J.K.); (Y.A.S.); (J.E.J.)
| | - Ji Eun Jeong
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.J.L.); (M.W.K.); (S.J.K.); (Y.A.S.); (J.E.J.)
| | - Inkyung Shin
- PentaMedix Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13449, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.N.); (H.C.); (D.-Y.C.)
| | - Jong-Seok Kim
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.K.); (J.-K.C.)
| | - Jong-Kwon Choi
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.K.); (J.-K.C.)
| | - Dae-Yeon Cho
- PentaMedix Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13449, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.N.); (H.C.); (D.-Y.C.)
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.J.L.); (M.W.K.); (S.J.K.); (Y.A.S.); (J.E.J.)
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Hernández Guerrero T, Baños N, del Puerto Nevado L, Mahillo-Fernandez I, Doger De-Speville B, Calvo E, Wick M, García-Foncillas J, Moreno V. Patient Characteristics Associated with Growth of Patient-Derived Tumor Implants in Mice (Patient-Derived Xenografts). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5402. [PMID: 38001663 PMCID: PMC10670531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have defined the field of translational cancer research in recent years, becoming one of the most-used tools in early drug development. The process of establishing cancer models in mice has turned out to be challenging, since little research focuses on evaluating which factors impact engraftment success. We sought to determine the clinical, pathological, or molecular factors which may predict better engraftment rates in PDXs. Methods: between March 2017 and January 2021, tumor samples obtained from patients with primary or metastatic cancer were implanted into athymic nude mice. A full comprehensive evaluation of baseline factors associated with the patients and patients' tumors was performed, with the goal of potentially identifying predictive markers of engraftment. We focused on clinical (patient factors) pathological (patients' tumor samples) and molecular (patients' tumor samples) characteristics, analyzed either by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or next-generation sequencing (NGS), which were associated with the likelihood of final engraftment, as well as with tumor growth rates in xenografts. Results: a total of 585 tumor samples were collected and implanted. Twenty-one failed to engraft, due to lack of malignant cells. Of 564 tumor-positive samples, 187 (33.2%) grew at time of analysis. The study was able to find correlation and predictive value for engraftment for the following: the use of systemic antibiotics by the patient within 2 weeks of sampling (38.1% (72/189) antibiotics- group vs. 30.7% (115/375) no-antibiotics) (p = 0.048), and the administration of systemic steroids to the patients within 2 weeks of sampling (41.5% (34/48) steroids vs. 31.7% (153/329), no-steroids) (p = 0.049). Regarding patient's baseline tests, we found certain markers could help predict final engraftment success: for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, 34.1% (140/411) of tumors derived from patients with baseline blood LDH levels above the upper limit of normality (ULN) achieved growth, against 30.7% (47/153) with normal LDH (p = 0.047). Histological tumor characteristics, such as grade of differentiation, were also correlated. Grade 1: 25.4% (47/187), grade 2: 34.8% (65/187) and grade 3: 40.1% (75/187) tumors achieved successful growth (p = 0.043), suggesting the higher the grade, the higher the likelihood of success. Similarly, higher ki67 levels were also correlated with better engraftment rates: low (Ki67 < 15%): 8.9% (9/45) achieved growth vs. high (Ki67 ≥ 15%): 31% (35/113) (p: 0.002). Other markers of aggressiveness such as the presence of lymphovascular invasion in tumor sample of origin was also predictive: 42.2% (97/230) with lymphovascular vs. 26.9% (90/334) of samples with no invasion (p = 0.0001). From the molecular standpoint, mismatch-repair-deficient (MMRd) tumors showed better engraftment rates: 62.1% (18/29) achieved growth vs. 40.8% (75/184) of proficient tumors (p = 0.026). A total of 84 PDX were breast models, among which 57.9% (11/19) ER-negative models grew, vs. 15.4% (10/65) of ER-positive models (p = 0.0001), also consonant with ER-negative tumors being more aggressive. BRAFmut cancers are more likely to achieve engraftment during the development of PDX models. Lastly, tumor growth rates during first passages can help establish a cutoff point for the decision-making process during PDX development, since the higher the tumor grades, the higher the likelihood of success. Conclusions: tumors with higher grade and Ki67 protein expression, lymphovascular and/or perineural invasion, with dMMR and are negative for ER expression have a higher probability of achieving growth in the process of PDX development. The use of steroids and/or antibiotics in the patient prior to sampling can also impact the likelihood of success in PDX development. Lastly, establishing a cutoff point for tumor growth rates could guide the decision-making process during PDX development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Baños
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
| | | | - Ignacio Mahillo-Fernandez
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
- Translational Oncology Division, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Bernard Doger De-Speville
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
| | - Emiliano Calvo
- START Madrid—CIOCC HM Sanchinarro, C. de Oña, 10, 28050 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Michael Wick
- XENOStart START San Antonio, 4383 Medical Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
- Translational Oncology Division, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Victor Moreno
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
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Courcier J, Leguerney I, Benatsou B, Pochon S, Tardy I, Albiges L, Cournède PH, De La Taille A, Lassau N, Ingels A. BR55 Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Reflects Tumor Vascular Expression of VEGFR-2 in a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16211. [PMID: 38003400 PMCID: PMC10671137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard imaging cannot reliably predict the nature of renal tumors. Among malignant renal tumors, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histological subtype, in which the vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR-2) is highly expressed in the vascular endothelium. BR55, a contrast agent for ultrasound imaging, consists of gas-core lipid microbubbles that specifically target and bind to the extracellular portion of the VEGFR-2. The specific information provided by ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) using BR55 was compared with the vascular tumor expression of the VEGFR-2 by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in a preclinical model of ccRCC. Patients' ccRCCs were orthotopically grafted onto Nod-Scid-Gamma (NSG) mice to generate patient-derived xenografts (PdX). Mice were divided into four groups to receive either vehicle or axitinib an amount of 2, 7.5 or 15 mg/kg twice daily. Perfusion parameters and the BR55 ultrasound contrast signal on PdX renal tumors were analyzed at D0, D1, D3, D7 and D11, and compared with IHC staining for the VEGFR-2 and CD34. Significant Pearson correlation coefficients were observed between the area under the curve (AUC) and the CD34 (0.84, p < 10-4), and between the VEGFR-2-specific signal obtained by USMI and IHC (0.72, p < 10-4). USMI with BR55 could provide instant, quantitative information on tumor VEGFR-2 expression to characterize renal masses non-invasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Courcier
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Ingrid Leguerney
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Baya Benatsou
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Albiges
- Department of Urological Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Paul-Henry Cournède
- Laboratory of Mathematics and Computer Science (MICS), CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexandre De La Taille
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Nathalie Lassau
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Ingels
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
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22
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Iqbal W, Wang Y, Sun P, Zhou X. Modeling Liver Development and Disease in a Dish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15921. [PMID: 37958904 PMCID: PMC10650907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, biological research has relied primarily on animal models. While this led to the understanding of numerous human biological processes, inherent species-specific differences make it difficult to answer certain liver-related developmental and disease-specific questions. The advent of 3D organoid models that are either derived from pluripotent stem cells or generated from healthy or diseased tissue-derived stem cells have made it possible to recapitulate the biological aspects of human organs. Organoid technology has been instrumental in understanding the disease mechanism and complements animal models. This review underscores the advances in organoid technology and specifically how liver organoids are used to better understand human-specific biological processes in development and disease. We also discuss advances made in the application of organoid models in drug screening and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Iqbal
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.I.); (Y.W.); (P.S.)
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.I.); (Y.W.); (P.S.)
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Pingnan Sun
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.I.); (Y.W.); (P.S.)
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.I.); (Y.W.); (P.S.)
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Liang F, Xu H, Cheng H, Zhao Y, Zhang J. Patient-derived tumor models: a suitable tool for preclinical studies on esophageal cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1443-1455. [PMID: 37537209 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide and has high morbidity and mortality. Its main subtypes include esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, which are usually diagnosed during their advanced stages. The biological defects and inability of preclinical models to summarize completely the etiology of multiple factors, the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, and the genetic heterogeneity of tumors severely limit the clinical treatment of EC. Patient-derived models of EC not only retain the tissue structure, cell morphology, and differentiation characteristics of the original tumor, they also retain tumor heterogeneity. Therefore, compared with other preclinical models, they can better predict the efficacy of candidate drugs, explore novel biomarkers, combine with clinical trials, and effectively improve patient prognosis. This review discusses the methods and animals used to establish patient-derived models and genetically engineered mouse models, especially patient-derived xenograft models. It also discusses their advantages, applications, and limitations as preclinical experimental research tools to provide an important reference for the precise personalized treatment of EC and improve the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Hongyan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yabo Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Junhe Zhang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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24
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Martinez-Ruiz L, López-Rodríguez A, Florido J, Rodríguez-Santana C, Rodríguez Ferrer JM, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Escames G. Patient-derived tumor models in cancer research: Evaluation of the oncostatic effects of melatonin. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115581. [PMID: 37748411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new anticancer therapies tends to be very slow. Although their impact on potential candidates is confirmed in preclinical studies, ∼95 % of these new therapies are not approved when tested in clinical trials. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of accurate preclinical models. In this context, there are different patient-derived models, which have emerged as a powerful oncological tool: patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and patient-derived cells (PDCs). Although all these models are widely applied, PDXs, which are created by engraftment of patient tumor tissues into mice, is considered more reliable. In fundamental research, the PDX model is used to evaluate drug-sensitive markers and, in clinical practice, to select a personalized therapeutic strategy. Melatonin is of particular importance in the development of innovative cancer treatments due to its oncostatic impact and lack of adverse effects. However, the literature regarding the oncostatic effect of melatonin in patient-derived tumor models is scant. This review aims to describe the important role of patient-derived models in the development of anticancer treatments, focusing, in particular, on PDX models, as well as their use in cancer research. This review also summarizes the existing literature on the anti-tumoral effect of melatonin in patient-derived models in order to propose future anti-neoplastic clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martinez-Ruiz
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs), Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alba López-Rodríguez
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs), Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Florido
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs), Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cesar Rodríguez-Santana
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs), Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Rodríguez Ferrer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs), Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs), Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Wu Q, Yu Y, Yu X, Du Q, Gou L, Tan L, Fu C, Ren X, Ren J, Xiao K, Meng X. Engineering liquid metal-based nanozyme for enhancing microwave dynamic therapy in breast cancer PDX model. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:399. [PMID: 37904235 PMCID: PMC10617232 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The novel concept of microwave dynamic therapy (MDT) solves the problem of incomplete tumor eradication caused by non-selective heating and uneven temperature distribution of microwave thermal therapy (MWTT) in clinic, but the poor delivery of microwave sensitizer and the obstacle of tumor hypoxic microenvironment limit the effectiveness of MDT. RESULTS Herein, we engineer a liquid metal-based nanozyme LM@ZIF@HA (LZH) with eutectic Gallium Indium (EGaIn) as the core, which is coated with CoNi-bimetallic zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF) and hyaluronic acid (HA). The flexibility of the liquid metal and the targeting of HA enable the nanozyme to be effectively endocytosed by tumor cells, solving the problem of poor delivery of microwave sensitizers. Due to the catalase-like activity, the nanozyme catalyze excess H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment to generate O2, alleviating the restriction of the tumor hypoxic microenvironment and promoting the production of ROS under microwave irradiation. In vitro cell experiments, the nanozyme has remarkable targeting effect, oxygen production capacity, and microwave dynamic effect, which effectively solves the defects of MDT. In the constructed patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, the nanozyme achieves excellent MDT effect, despite the heterogeneity and complexity of the tumor model that is similar to the histological and pathological features of the patient. The tumor volume in the LZH + MW group is only about 1/20 of that in the control group, and the tumor inhibition rate is as high as 95%. CONCLUSION The synthesized nanozyme effectively solves the defects of MDT, improves the targeted delivery of microwave sensitizers while regulating the hypoxic microenvironment of tumors, and achieves excellent MDT effect in the constructed PDX model, providing a new strategy for clinical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yongnian Yu
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaorui Yu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qijun Du
- Sichuan Kangcheng Biotechnology Co., LTD, No.28 Gaopeng Avenue, High-tech Zone, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center & Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Gou
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Longfei Tan
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Changhui Fu
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiangling Ren
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Precision Medicine Research Center & Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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Daneshdoust D, Luo M, Li Z, Mo X, Alothman S, Kallakury B, Schlegel R, Zhang J, Guo D, Furth PA, Liu X, Li J. Unlocking Translational Potential: Conditionally Reprogrammed Cells in Advancing Breast Cancer Research. Cells 2023; 12:2388. [PMID: 37830602 PMCID: PMC10572051 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical in vitro models play an important role in studying cancer cell biology and facilitating translational research, especially in the identification of drug targets and drug discovery studies. This is particularly relevant in breast cancer, where the global burden of disease is quite high based on prevalence and a relatively high rate of lethality. Predictive tools to select patients who will be responsive to invasive or morbid therapies (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and/or surgery) are relatively lacking. To be clinically relevant, a model must accurately replicate the biology and cellular heterogeneity of the primary tumor. Addressing these requirements and overcoming the limitations of most existing cancer cell lines, which are typically derived from a single clone, we have recently developed conditional reprogramming (CR) technology. The CR technology refers to a co-culture system of primary human normal or tumor cells with irradiated murine fibroblasts in the presence of a Rho-associated kinase inhibitor to allow the primary cells to acquire stem cell properties and the ability to proliferate indefinitely in vitro without any exogenous gene or viral transfection. This innovative approach fulfills many of these needs and offers an alternative that surpasses the deficiencies associated with traditional cancer cell lines. These CR cells (CRCs) can be reprogrammed to maintain a highly proliferative state and reproduce the genomic and histological characteristics of the parental tissue. Therefore, CR technology may be a clinically relevant model to test and predict drug sensitivity, conduct gene profile analysis and xenograft research, and undertake personalized medicine. This review discusses studies that have applied CR technology to conduct breast cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyal Daneshdoust
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mingjue Luo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zaibo Li
- Departments of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biostatics and Bioinformatics, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sahar Alothman
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Departments of Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Richard Schlegel
- Departments of Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Junran Zhang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Deliang Guo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Priscilla A. Furth
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jenny Li
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Lang Y, Lyu Y, Tan Y, Hu Z. Progress in construction of mouse models to investigate the pathogenesis and immune therapy of human hematological malignancy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1195194. [PMID: 37646021 PMCID: PMC10461088 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancy is a disease arisen by complicate reasons that seriously endangers human health. The research on its pathogenesis and therapies depends on the usage of animal models. Conventional animal model cannot faithfully mirror some characteristics of human features due to the evolutionary divergence, whereas the mouse models hosting human hematological malignancy are more and more applied in basic as well as translational investigations in recent years. According to the construction methods, they can be divided into different types (e.g. cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft model (PDX) model) that have diverse characteristics and application values. In addition, a variety of strategies have been developed to improve human hematological malignant cell engraftment and differentiation in vivo. Moreover, the humanized mouse model with both functional human immune system and autologous human hematological malignancy provides a unique tool for the evaluation of the efficacy of novel immunotherapeutic drugs/approaches. Herein, we first review the evolution of the mouse model of human hematological malignancy; Then, we analyze the characteristics of different types of models and summarize the ways to improve the models; Finally, the way and value of humanized mouse model of human immune system in the immunotherapy of human hematological malignancy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanan Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yehui Tan
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Kayser C, Brauer A, Susanne S, Wandmacher AM. The challenge of making the right choice: patient avatars in the era of cancer immunotherapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1237565. [PMID: 37638045 PMCID: PMC10449253 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies are a key therapeutic strategy to fight cancer. Diverse approaches are used to activate tumor-directed immunity and to overcome tumor immune escape. The dynamic interplay between tumor cells and their tumor(immune)microenvironment (T(I)ME) poses a major challenge to create appropriate model systems. However, those model systems are needed to gain novel insights into tumor (immune) biology and a prerequisite to accurately develop and test immunotherapeutic approaches which can be successfully translated into clinical application. Several model systems have been established and advanced into so-called patient avatars to mimic the patient´s tumor biology. All models have their advantages but also disadvantages underscoring the necessity to pay attention in defining the rationale and requirements for which the patient avatar will be used. Here, we briefly outline the current state of tumor model systems used for tumor (immune)biological analysis as well as evaluation of immunotherapeutic agents. Finally, we provide a recommendation for further development to make patient avatars a complementary tool for testing and predicting immunotherapeutic strategies for personalization of tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Kayser
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Annika Brauer
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebens Susanne
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Maxi Wandmacher
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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29
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Sen C, Koloff CR, Kundu S, Wilkinson DC, Yang JM, Shia DW, Meneses LK, Rickabaugh TM, Gomperts BN. Development of a small cell lung cancer organoid model to study cellular interactions and survival after chemotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1211026. [PMID: 37608896 PMCID: PMC10441219 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1211026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Small-cell-lung-cancer (SCLC) has the worst prognosis of all lung cancers because of a high incidence of relapse after therapy. While lung cancer is the second most common malignancy in the US, only about 10% of cases of lung cancer are SCLC, therefore, it is categorized as a rare and recalcitrant disease. Therapeutic discovery for SCLC has been challenging and the existing pre-clinical models often fail to recapitulate actual tumor pathophysiology. To address this, we developed a bioengineered 3-dimensional (3D) SCLC co-culture organoid model as a phenotypic tool to study SCLC tumor kinetics and SCLC-fibroblast interactions after chemotherapy. Method: We used functionalized alginate microbeads as a scaffold to mimic lung alveolar architecture and co-cultured SCLC cell lines with primary adult lung fibroblasts (ALF). We found that SCLCs in the model proliferated extensively, invaded the microbead scaffold and formed tumors within just 7 days. We compared the bioengineered tumors with patient tumors and found them to recapitulate the pathology and immunophenotyping of the patient tumors. When treated with standard chemotherapy drugs, etoposide and cisplatin, we observed that some of the cells survived the chemotherapy and reformed the tumor in the organoid model. Result and Discussion: Co-culture of the SCLC cells with ALFs revealed that the fibroblasts play a key role in inducing faster and more robust SCLC cell regrowth in the model. This is likely due to a paracrine effect, as conditioned media from the same fibroblasts could also support this accelerated regrowth. This model can be used to study cell-cell interactions and the response to chemotherapy in SCLC and is also scalable and amenable to high throughput phenotypic or targeted drug screening to find new therapeutics for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandani Sen
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Caroline R. Koloff
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Dan C. Wilkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juliette M. Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David W. Shia
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Luisa K. Meneses
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tammy M. Rickabaugh
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brigitte N. Gomperts
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Lee H, Jung S, Gong G, Lim B, Lee HJ. Association of cyclooxygenase-2 expression with endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in triple-negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289627. [PMID: 37540709 PMCID: PMC10403079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a role in oncogenesis and its overexpression is associated with triple-negative breast cancer. However, the mechanisms whereby cyclooxygenase-2 contribute to breast cancer are complex and not well understood. Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression causes hypoxia, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlations among cyclooxygenase-2 expression, endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated molecules, and autophagy-associated molecules in triple-negative breast cancer. Surgical specimens from two cohorts of triple-negative breast cancer patients without neoadjuvant systemic therapy were analyzed: cohorts 1 and 2 consisted of 218 cases from 2004 to 2006 and 221 cases from 2007 to 2009, respectively. Specimens were evaluated by immunohistochemical examination of cyclooxygenase-2, endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and autophagy markers expression using tissue microarrays. Cyclooxygenase-2 was overexpressed in 29.8% and 23.9% of cases in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively; and it was positively correlated with two out of three endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated molecules (XBP1, p = 0.025 and p = 0.003 in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively; PERK, p < 0.001 in both cohorts). Cyclooxygenase-2 was also positively correlated with two out of three autophagy markers (p62, p = 0.002 and p = 0.003 in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively; beclin1, p < 0.001 in both cohorts). Although cyclooxygenase-2 was not an independent prognostic factor for distant metastasis free survival and overall survival, its expression was associated with the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy molecules in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haechan Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SungWook Jung
- Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungyub Gong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bora Lim
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Hee Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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He Y, Mei J, Hao H, Liu F, Yi Y, Hu C, Zou F, Lu X. Selinexor demonstrates anti-tumor efficacy in paired patient-derived xenograft models and hydrogel-embedded histoculture drug sensitivity test of penile cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6931-6941. [PMID: 36840755 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penile cancer is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis, even with various treatment options. Considering the little progress in the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of penile cancer because of the lack of models that mimic the biological properties of the tumor, we have developed a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model and paired hydrogel-embedded histoculture drug sensitivity test (HDST) to screen for drugs that can inhibit tumors. The increased expression of XPO1, as a key nuclear export protein involved in the transport of various tumor suppressors and cell cycle regulatory proteins, is associated with the prognosis of a variety of tumors [World J Uroly 27(2):141-150, 2009]. Selinexor is an inhibitor of XPO1, which can treat cancers, such as multiple myeloma, gastric cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, and non-small cell carcinoma [Transl Androl Urol 6(5):785-790, 2017; OncoTargets Therapy 13:6405-6416, 2020]. However, whether XPO1 inhibition has a role in penile cancer remains unknown. Therefore, this article used the PDX and HDST models to investigate whether the inhibition of XPO1 has an effect on penile cancer and its underlying mechanism. METHODS We used penile cancer tumor tissues to construct a PDX model of penile cancer and paired PDXE model and confirmed the consistency of PDX tumor tissues in source patients. Then, we assessed the ability of Selinexor to inhibit penile cancer tissues in vivo using a PDX model and in vitro by HDST. We also examined the potential mechanism of XPO1 action on penile cancer by IHC and TUNEL. Finally, we assessed the safety of the drug treatment by H&E and biochemical blood analysis. RESULTS Result showed that the penile cancer PDX model and patient penile cancer tissues were clinically consistent in morphological characteristics and protein expression. In addition, Selinexor could inhibit tumor growth in PDX models and HDST. We found that P53, P21 expression was upregulated; Cyclin D1 expression was downregulated, and apoptosis of tumor cells was increased in the Selinexor-treated PDX model. Moreover, it had no significant effect on liver, kidney, and cardiac function. CONCLUSION The PDX model of penile cancer was a powerful tool for penile cancer research and new drug development. It showed that Selinexor can effectively inhibit penile cancer in vitro and in vivo. In addition, XPO1 may affect P53, P21, and Cyclin D1 expression to regulate the growth and apoptosis of penile carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiao He
- Center of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Nanchang Royo Biotechnology, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jiaqi Mei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Hua Hao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Fanrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Yun Yi
- Center of Biobank, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Fangxing Zou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xiongbing Lu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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Zeng M, Ruan Z, Tang J, Liu M, Hu C, Fan P, Dai X. Generation, evolution, interfering factors, applications, and challenges of patient-derived xenograft models in immunodeficient mice. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:120. [PMID: 37344821 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing appropriate preclinical models is essential for cancer research. Evidence suggests that cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. This follows the growing use of cancer models in cancer research to avoid these differences between xenograft tumor models and patient tumors. In recent years, a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor model has been actively generated and applied, which preserves both cell-cell interactions and the microenvironment of tumors by directly transplanting cancer tissue from tumors into immunodeficient mice. In addition to this, the advent of alternative hosts, such as zebrafish hosts, or in vitro models (organoids and microfluidics), has also facilitated the advancement of cancer research. However, they still have a long way to go before they become reliable models. The development of immunodeficient mice has enabled PDX to become more mature and radiate new vitality. As one of the most reliable and standard preclinical models, the PDX model in immunodeficient mice (PDX-IM) exerts important effects in drug screening, biomarker development, personalized medicine, co-clinical trials, and immunotherapy. Here, we focus on the development procedures and application of PDX-IM in detail, summarize the implications that the evolution of immunodeficient mice has brought to PDX-IM, and cover the key issues in developing PDX-IM in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zijing Ruan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiaxi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Maozhu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chengji Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Imai T, Yoshida H, Machida Y, Kuramochi M, Ichikawa H, Kubo T, Takahashi M, Kato T. Alteration in molecular properties during establishment and passaging of endometrial carcinoma patient-derived xenografts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8511. [PMID: 37231035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models are known to maintain the genomic and phenotypic profiles, including the histopathological structures, of the parental tumors. On the other hand, unique enrichment of single-nucleotide variants or copy number aberrations has been reported in several types of tumors. However, an understanding of endometrial carcinoma PDXs is limited. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the presence or absence of the molecular properties of endometrial carcinomas in PDXs passaged up to eight times. Established PDXs of endometrioid carcinomas maintained their histopathological characteristics, but those of carcinosarcomas predominantly consisted of sarcomatous components when compared to the parental tumors. Alterations in the proportion of cells with positive/negative immunohistochemical staining for estrogen receptor, PTEN, PAX8, and PAX2 were observed, whereas the proportions of cells with AE1/AE3, TP53, ARID1A, PMS2, and MSH6 staining were unchanged. Variants of cancer-associated genes were compared between PDXs and parental tumors. Mutations in POLE and a frameshift deletion in BRCA1 were observed in the parental tumor tissue in each of the six cases, and additional genomic alterations, which were not apparently related to histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations, were found in the PDXs of these cases. The genomic and phenotypic alterations observed between endometrial carcinoma PDXs and parental tumors were partly associated with endometrial cancer-specific characteristics related to cellular differentiation and gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Imai
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukino Machida
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kuramochi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kato
- Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Li Z, Wang J, Wang Z, Xu Y. Towards an optimal model for gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis: current challenges and future directions. EBioMedicine 2023; 92:104601. [PMID: 37182268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis is a challenging aspect of clinical practice for gastric cancer. Animal models are crucial in understanding molecular mechanisms, assessing drug efficacy, and conducting clinical intervention studies, including those related to gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis. Unlike other xenograft models, peritoneal metastasis models should not only present tumor growth at the transplant site, but also recapitulate tumor cell metastasis in the abdominal cavity. Developing a reliable model of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis involves several technical aspects, such as the selection of model animals, source of xenograft tumors, technology of transplantation, and dynamic monitoring of the tumor progression. To date, challenges remain in developing a reliable model that can completely recapitulate peritoneal metastasis. Thus, this review aims to summarize the techniques and strategies used to establish animal models of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis, providing a reference for future model establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of E.N.T., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110003, PR China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China.
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Ritter AC, Ricart Arbona RJ, Livingston RS, Monette S, Lipman NS. Effects of Mouse Kidney Parvovirus on Pharmacokinetics of Chemotherapeutics and the Adenine Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Comp Med 2023; 73:153-172. [PMID: 36973002 PMCID: PMC10162380 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-22-000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Mouse kidney parvovirus (MKPV) causes inclusion body nephropathy in severely immunocompromised mice and renal interstitial inflammation in immunocompetent mice. Here we sought to determine the effects of MKPV on pre-clinical murine models that depend on renal function. To assess the effects of MKPV infection on the pharmacokinetics of 2 renally excreted chemotherapeutic agents, methotrexate and lenalidomide, we measured drug concentrations in the blood and urine of MKPV-infected or uninfected immunodeficient NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) and immunocompetent C57BL/6NCrl (B6) female mice. No differences in plasma pharmacokinetics were observed for lenalidomide. However, the AUC of methotrexate was 1.5-fold higher in uninfected NSG mice compared with infected NSG mice, 1.9-fold higher in infected B6 mice compared with uninfected B6 mice, and 4.3-fold higher in uninfected NSG mice compared with uninfected B6 mice. MKPV infection did not significantly affect the renal clearance of either drug. To assess effects of MKPV infection on the adenine diet model of chronic kidney disease, MKPV-infected and uninfected B6 female mice were fed a 0.2% adenine diet, and clinical and histopathologic features of disease were assessed over 8 wk. MKPV infection did not significantly alter urine chemistry results, hemogram findings, or serum concentrations of BUN, creatinine, or symmetric dimethylarginine. However, infection did influence histologic outcomes. As compared with uninfected mice, MKPV-infected mice had more interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates after 4 and 8 wk of diet consumption and less interstitial fibrosis at week 8. Macrophage infiltrates and renal tubular injury were similar between in infected and uninfected mice. These findings indicate that MKPV infection had minimal effects on the renal excretion of 2 chemotherapeutics and on serum biomarkers of renal function. However, infection significantly influenced two histologic features of the adenine diet model of chronic renal disease. MKPV-free mice are critically important in studies evaluating renal histology as an experimental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Ritter
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | | | - Sébastien Monette
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - Neil S Lipman
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
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Zhou Y, Xia J, Xu S, She T, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Wen M, Jiang T, Xiong Y, Lei J. Experimental mouse models for translational human cancer research. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095388. [PMID: 36969176 PMCID: PMC10036357 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and growth of tumors remains an important and ongoing threat to human life around the world. While advanced therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint therapy and CAR-T have achieved astonishing progress in the treatment of both solid and hematological malignancies, the malignant initiation and progression of cancer remains a controversial issue, and further research is urgently required. The experimental animal model not only has great advantages in simulating the occurrence, development, and malignant transformation mechanisms of tumors, but also can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a diverse array of clinical interventions, gradually becoming an indispensable method for cancer research. In this paper, we have reviewed recent research progress in relation to mouse and rat models, focusing on spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable tumor models, to help guide the future study of malignant mechanisms and tumor prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Jiang
- *Correspondence: Jie Lei, ; Yanlu Xiong, ; Tao Jiang,
| | - Yanlu Xiong
- *Correspondence: Jie Lei, ; Yanlu Xiong, ; Tao Jiang,
| | - Jie Lei
- *Correspondence: Jie Lei, ; Yanlu Xiong, ; Tao Jiang,
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Farzaneh M, Nasrolahi A, Ghaedrahmati F, Masoodi T, Najafi S, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Dari MAG, Radoszkiewicz K, Uddin S, Azizidoost S, Khoshnam SE. Potential roles of lncRNA-XIST/miRNAs/mRNAs in human cancer cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03110-y. [PMID: 36853400 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that contain more than 200 nucleotides but do not code for proteins. In tumorigenesis, lncRNAs can have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties. X inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is a known lncRNA that has been implicated in X chromosome silencing in female cells. Dysregulation of XIST is associated with an increased risk of various cancers. Therefore, XIST can be a beneficial prognostic biomarker for human malignancies. In this review, we attempt to summarize the emerging roles of XIST in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahrokh Abouali Gale Dari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Wang HM, Zhang CY, Peng KC, Chen ZX, Su JW, Li YF, Li WF, Gao QY, Zhang SL, Chen YQ, Zhou Q, Xu C, Xu CR, Wang Z, Su J, Yan HH, Zhang XC, Chen HJ, Wu YL, Yang JJ. Using patient-derived organoids to predict locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer tumor response: A real-world study. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100911. [PMID: 36657446 PMCID: PMC9975107 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the clinical response to chemotherapeutic or targeted treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer requires an accurate and affordable tool. Tumor organoids are a potential approach in precision medicine for predicting the clinical response to treatment. However, their clinical application in lung cancer has rarely been reported because of the difficulty in generating pure tumor organoids. In this study, we have generated 214 cancer organoids from 107 patients, of which 212 are lung cancer organoids (LCOs), primarily derived from malignant serous effusions. LCO-based drug sensitivity tests (LCO-DSTs) for chemotherapy and targeted therapy have been performed in a real-world study to predict the clinical response to the respective treatment. LCO-DSTs accurately predict the clinical response to treatment in this cohort of patients with advanced lung cancer. In conclusion, LCO-DST is a promising precision medicine tool in treating of advanced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Min Wang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chan-Yuan Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kai-Cheng Peng
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ze-Xin Chen
- Guangdong Research Center of Organoid Engineering and Technology, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jun-Wei Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu-Fa Li
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wen-Feng Li
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing-Yun Gao
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shi-Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Guangdong Research Center of Organoid Engineering and Technology, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Chong-Rui Xu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hong-Hong Yan
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hua-Jun Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jin-Ji Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zan L, Wang J, Yan L, Zhao L, Chen L, Xi Y, Bai W, Yang X. Preparation and application of patient-derived xenograft mice model of colorectal cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:248-254. [PMID: 36742145 PMCID: PMC9869887 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.67445.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model becomes a more and more important tool for tumor research. This study aimed to establish a colorectal cancer PDX model and verify its applicability. Materials and Methods Fresh human colorectal cancer tissue was surgically removed and subcutaneously inoculated into immunodeficient mice to establish the PDX model. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate the model. The successful PDX model was selected to study the efficacy of capecitabine in treating colorectal cancer. Results HE staining showed that the PDX mice model of colorectal cancer could preserve the histological characteristics of the primary tumor. Immunohistochemistry staining showed α-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and E-cadherin were strongly positively expressed in primary human and PDX tumor tissues, with a high degree of similarity. Capecitabine significantly inhibited PDX tumor growth and reduced the expression of AFP and CEA proteins in the tumor tissues (all P s<0.05). Conclusion We successfully established a colorectal cancer PDX model, and the PDX model could retain the histological and biological characteristics of the primary tumor. Using this PDX model, we revealed that capecitabine at a dose of 300-400 mg/kg can effectively treat colorectal cancer, and no significant difference in toxicity was found among different dose groups. The current work provides a feasible framework for establishing and validating the PDX tumor model to better facilitate the evaluation of drug efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Yongming Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Likun Zan
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,Corresponding authors: Yanfeng Xi. Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. ; Wenqi Bai. Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. ; Xihua Yang. Laboratory Animal Cente, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. Tel: 86+13403419805;
| | - Wenqi Bai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,Corresponding authors: Yanfeng Xi. Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. ; Wenqi Bai. Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. ; Xihua Yang. Laboratory Animal Cente, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. Tel: 86+13403419805;
| | - Xihua Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,Corresponding authors: Yanfeng Xi. Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. ; Wenqi Bai. Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. ; Xihua Yang. Laboratory Animal Cente, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 030013, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. Tel: 86+13403419805;
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Yao QY, Zhou J, Yao Y, Xue JS, Guo YC, Jian WZ, Zhang RW, Qiu XY, Zhou TY. An integrated PK/PD model investigating the impact of tumor size and systemic safety on animal survival in SW1990 pancreatic cancer xenograft. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:465-474. [PMID: 35953645 PMCID: PMC9889390 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Survival is one of the most important endpoints in cancer therapy, and parametric survival analysis could comprehensively reveal the overall result of disease progression, drug efficacy, toxicity as well as their interactions. In this study we investigated the efficacy and toxicity of dexamethasone (DEX) combined with gemcitabine (GEM) in pancreatic cancer xenograft. Nude mice bearing SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells derived tumor were treated with DEX (4 mg/kg, i.g.) and GEM (15 mg/kg, i.v.) alone or in combination repeatedly (QD, Q3D, Q7D) until the death of animal or the end of study. Tumor volumes and net body weight (NBW) were assessed every other day. Taking NBW as a systemic safety indicator, an integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model was developed to quantitatively describe the impact of tumor size and systemic safety on animal survival. The PK/PD models with time course data for tumor size and NBW were established, respectively, in a sequential manner; a parametric time-to-event (TTE) model was also developed based on the longitudinal PK/PD models to describe the survival results of the SW1990 tumor-bearing mice. These models were evaluated and externally validated. Only the mice with good tumor growth inhibition and relatively stable NBW had an improved survival result after DEX and GEM combination therapy, and the simulations based on the parametric TTE model showed that NBW played more important role in animals' survival compared with tumor size. The established model in this study demonstrates that tumor size was not always the most important reason for cancer-related death, and parametric survival analysis together with safety issues was also important in the evaluation of oncology therapies in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Ye Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Chen Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Zhe Jian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ren-Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Tian-Yan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Liu X, Xin Z, Wang K. Patient-derived xenograft model in colorectal cancer basic and translational research. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:26-40. [PMID: 36543756 PMCID: PMC9986239 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most popular malignancies globally, with 930 000 deaths in 2020. The evaluation of CRC-related pathogenesis and the discovery of potential therapeutic targets will be meaningful and helpful for improving CRC treatment. With huge efforts made in past decades, the systematic treatment regimens have been applied to improve the prognosis of CRC patients. However, the sensitivity of CRC to chemotherapy and targeted therapy is different from person to person, which is an important cause of treatment failure. The emergence of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models shows great potential to alleviate the straits. PDX models possess similar genetic and pathological characteristics as the features of primary tumors. Moreover, PDX has the ability to mimic the tumor microenvironment of the original tumor. Thus, the PDX model is an important tool to screen precise drugs for individualized treatment, seek predictive biomarkers for prognosis supervision, and evaluate the unknown mechanism in basic research. This paper reviews the recent advances in constructed methods and applications of the CRC PDX model, aiming to provide new knowledge for CRC basic research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zechang Xin
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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Goncharova AS, Kolesnikov EN, Egorov GY, Maksimov AY, Shevchenko AN, Nepomnyashchaya EM, Gvaldin DY, Kurbanova LZ, Khodakova DV, Kit SO, Kaymakchi OY, Snezhko AV. Development and characterization of patient-derived xenograft models of colorectal cancer for testing new pharmacological substances. BULLETIN OF SIBERIAN MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2022-4-37-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to create a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of human colorectal cancer and to determine its histologic and molecular characteristics, such as the status of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes and the presence of microsatellite instability.Materials and methods. First generation xenograft models in vivo were created using tumors from patients with colorectal cancer (n = 4) and immunodeficient Balb/c Nude mice (n = 20); second, third, and fourth generation models were created in the same mouse line (n = 3 for each generation). A caliper was used to measure subcutaneous xenografts; their size was calculated by the ellipsoid formula. Cryopreservation involved immersing the samples in a freezing medium (80% RPMI 1640, 10% fetal bovine serum, 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) and storing them at –80 °C. The histologic analysis was performed according to the standard technique (preparation of paraffin blocks and staining of microsections with hematoxylin and eosin). Mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes were determined by direct Sanger sequencing; microsatellite instability was determined by the fragment analysis at five loci: Bat-25, Bat-26, NR21, NR24, and NR27.Results. Stable, transplantable xenografts of colorectal cancer were obtained from two out of four patients. The average waiting time from the implantation to the growth of the first generation xenograft was 28 days. The latency phase after cryopreservation was comparable to that at the creation of the first generation PDX model. The model reproduced the histotype, grade and mutational status of the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes, as well as microsatellite instability of the donor tumor.Conclusion. The developed model of human colorectal cancer was characterized in terms of growth dynamics, cryopreservation tolerance, and histologic and molecular genetic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S. O. Kit
- National Medical Research Center for Oncology
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Sen C, Koloff C, Kundu S, Wilkinson DC, Yang J, Shia DW, Meneses LK, Rickabaugh TM, Gomperts BN. Small cell lung cancer co-culture organoids provide insights into cancer cell survival after chemotherapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.03.522668. [PMID: 36711908 PMCID: PMC9881945 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.03.522668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Small-cell-lung-cancer (SCLC) has the worst prognosis of all lung cancers because of a high incidence of relapse after therapy. We developed a bioengineered 3-dimensional (3D) SCLC co-culture organoid as a phenotypic tool to study SCLC tumor kinetics and SCLC-fibroblast interactions during relapse. We used functionalized alginate microbeads as a scaffold to mimic lung alveolar architecture and co-cultured SCLC cell lines with primary adult lung fibroblasts (ALF). We found that SCLCs in the model proliferated extensively, invaded the microbead scaffold and formed tumors within just 7 days. We compared the bioengineered tumors with patient tumors and found them to recapitulate the pathology and immunophenotyping of the patient tumors better than the PDX model developed from the same SCLC cell line. When treated with standard chemotherapy drugs, etoposide and cisplatin, the organoid recapitulated relapse after chemotherapy. Co-culture of the SCLC cells with ALFs revealed that the fibroblasts play a key role in inducing faster and more robust SCLC cell regrowth in the model. This was a paracrine effect as conditioned medium from the same fibroblasts was responsible for this accelerated cell regrowth. This model is also amenable to high throughput phenotypic or targeted drug screening to find new therapeutics for SCLC.
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Spotlight on P2X7 Receptor PET Imaging: A Bright Target or a Failing Star? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021374. [PMID: 36674884 PMCID: PMC9861945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The homotrimeric P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is expressed by virtually all cells of the innate and adaptive immune system and plays a crucial role in various pathophysiological processes such as autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, neuropathic pain and cancer. Consequently, the P2X7R is considered a promising target for therapy and diagnosis. As the development of tracers comes hand-in-hand with the development of potent and selective receptor ligands, there is a rising number of PET tracers available in preclinical and clinical studies. This review analyzes the development of P2X7R positron emission tomography (PET) tracers and their potential in various PET imaging applications.
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Zheng X, Li F, Zhao H, Tang Y, Xue K, Zhang X, Liang W, Zhao R, Lv X, Song X, Zhang C, Xu Y, Zhang Y. A novel method to identify and characterize personalized functional driver lncRNAs in cancer samples. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2471-2482. [PMID: 37077174 PMCID: PMC10106482 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, and different individuals of the same cancer type can display different therapeutic effects and prognosis. Genetic variation of long non-coding RNA is the key factor driving tumor development, and plays an important role in genetic and biological heterogeneity. Therefore, it is of great significance to identify lncRNA as a driving factor in the non-coding region and explain its function in tumors for revealing the pathogenesis of cancer. In this study, we developed an integrated method to identify Personalized Functional Driver lncRNAs (PFD-lncRNAs) by integrating the DNA copy number data, gene expression data, and the biological subpathways information. Then, we applied the method to identify 2695 PFD-lncRNAs in 5334 samples across 19 cancer types. We performed an analysis of the association between PFD-lncRNAs and drug sensitivity, which provides medication guidance in disease therapy and drug discovery in the individual. Our research is of great significance for elucidating the biological roles of lncRNA genetic variation in cancer, revealing the related mechanism of cancer, and providing novel insights for individualized medicine.
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Pandya PH, Jannu AJ, Bijangi-Vishehsaraei K, Dobrota E, Bailey BJ, Barghi F, Shannon HE, Riyahi N, Damayanti NP, Young C, Malko R, Justice R, Albright E, Sandusky GE, Wurtz LD, Collier CD, Marshall MS, Gallagher RI, Wulfkuhle JD, Petricoin EF, Coy K, Trowbridge M, Sinn AL, Renbarger JL, Ferguson MJ, Huang K, Zhang J, Saadatzadeh MR, Pollok KE. Integrative Multi-OMICs Identifies Therapeutic Response Biomarkers and Confirms Fidelity of Clinically Annotated, Serially Passaged Patient-Derived Xenografts Established from Primary and Metastatic Pediatric and AYA Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:259. [PMID: 36612255 PMCID: PMC9818438 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishment of clinically annotated, molecularly characterized, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) from treatment-naïve and pretreated patients provides a platform to test precision genomics-guided therapies. An integrated multi-OMICS pipeline was developed to identify cancer-associated pathways and evaluate stability of molecular signatures in a panel of pediatric and AYA PDXs following serial passaging in mice. Original solid tumor samples and their corresponding PDXs were evaluated by whole-genome sequencing, RNA-seq, immunoblotting, pathway enrichment analyses, and the drug−gene interaction database to identify as well as cross-validate actionable targets in patients with sarcomas or Wilms tumors. While some divergence between original tumor and the respective PDX was evident, majority of alterations were not functionally impactful, and oncogenic pathway activation was maintained following serial passaging. CDK4/6 and BETs were prioritized as biomarkers of therapeutic response in osteosarcoma PDXs with pertinent molecular signatures. Inhibition of CDK4/6 or BETs decreased osteosarcoma PDX growth (two-way ANOVA, p < 0.05) confirming mechanistic involvement in growth. Linking patient treatment history with molecular and efficacy data in PDX will provide a strong rationale for targeted therapy and improve our understanding of which therapy is most beneficial in patients at diagnosis and in those already exposed to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankita H. Pandya
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Asha Jacob Jannu
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science Indiana, University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Khadijeh Bijangi-Vishehsaraei
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Erika Dobrota
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Barbara J. Bailey
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Farinaz Barghi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Harlan E. Shannon
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Niknam Riyahi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nur P. Damayanti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Courtney Young
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rada Malko
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ryli Justice
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Eric Albright
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - George E. Sandusky
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - L. Daniel Wurtz
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Christopher D. Collier
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark S. Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rosa I. Gallagher
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Innovation, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Julia D. Wulfkuhle
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Innovation, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Emanuel F. Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Innovation, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Kathy Coy
- Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Melissa Trowbridge
- Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Anthony L. Sinn
- Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jamie L. Renbarger
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science Indiana, University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - M. Reza Saadatzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Karen E. Pollok
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Li S, Lee W, Heo W, Son HY, Her Y, Kim JI, Moon HG. AKR1C2 Promotes Metastasis and Regulates the Molecular Features of Luminal Androgen Receptor Subtype in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. J Breast Cancer 2022; 26:60-76. [PMID: 36762781 PMCID: PMC9981988 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2023.26.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have an increased risk of distant metastasis compared to those with other subtypes. In this study, we aimed to identify the genes associated with distant metastasis in TNBC and their underlying mechanisms. METHODS We established patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using surgically resected breast cancer tissues from 31 patients with TNBC. Among these, 15 patients subsequently developed distant metastases. Candidate metastasis-associated genes were identified using RNA sequencing. In vitro wound healing, proliferation, migration, and invasion assays and in vivo tumor xenograft and metastasis assays were performed to determine the functional importance of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2). Additionally, we used the METABRIC dataset to investigate the potential role of AKR1C2 in regulating TNBC subtypes and their downstream signaling activities. RESULTS RNA sequencing of primary and PDX tumors showed that genes involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis, including AKR1C2, were significantly upregulated in patients who subsequently developed metastasis. In vitro and in vivo assays showed that silencing of AKR1C2 resulted in reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth, and incidence of lung metastasis. AKR1C2 was upregulated in the luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype of TNBC in the METABRIC dataset, and AKR1C2 silencing resulted in the downregulation of LAR classifier genes in TNBC cell lines. The androgen receptor (AR) gene was a downstream mediator of AKR1C2-associated phenotypes in TNBC cells. AKR1C2 expression was associated with gene expression pathways that regulate AR expression, including JAK-STAT signaling or interleukin 6 (IL-6). The levels of phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription and IL-6, along with secreted IL-6, were significantly downregulated in AKR1C2-silenced TNBC cells. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that AKR1C2 is an important regulator of cancer growth and metastasis in TNBC and may be a critical determinant of LAR subtype features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbin Li
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woochan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woohang Heo
- Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Youn Son
- Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yujeong Her
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Gon Moon
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Bouchalova P, Bouchal P. Current methods for studying metastatic potential of tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:394. [PMID: 36494720 PMCID: PMC9733110 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration and invasiveness significantly contribute to desirable physiological processes, such as wound healing or embryogenesis, as well as to serious pathological processes such as the spread of cancer cells to form tumor metastasis. The availability of appropriate methods for studying these processes is essential for understanding the molecular basis of cancer metastasis and for identifying suitable therapeutic targets for anti-metastatic treatment. This review summarizes the current status of these methods: In vitro methods for studying cell migration involve two-dimensional (2D) assays (wound-healing/scratch assay), and methods based on chemotaxis (the Dunn chamber). The analysis of both cell migration and invasiveness in vitro require more complex systems based on the Boyden chamber principle (Transwell migration/invasive test, xCELLigence system), or microfluidic devices with three-dimensional (3D) microscopy visualization. 3D culture techniques are rapidly becoming routine and involve multicellular spheroid invasion assays or array chip-based, spherical approaches, multi-layer/multi-zone culture, or organoid non-spherical models, including multi-organ microfluidic chips. The in vivo methods are mostly based on mice, allowing genetically engineered mice models and transplant models (syngeneic mice, cell line-derived xenografts and patient-derived xenografts including humanized mice models). These methods currently represent a solid basis for the state-of-the art research that is focused on understanding metastatic fundamentals as well as the development of targeted anti-metastatic therapies, and stratified treatment in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Bouchalova
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bouchal
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, are a major threat to health in the modern world, but efforts to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop rational treatments are limited by the lack of appropriate human model systems. Notably, advances in stem cell and organoid technology allow the generation of cellular models that replicate the histological, molecular and physiological properties of human organs. Combined with marked improvements in gene editing tools, human stem cells and organoids provide unprecedented systems for studying mechanisms of metabolic diseases. Here, we review progress made over the past decade in the generation and use of stem cell-derived metabolic cell types and organoids in metabolic disease research, especially obesity and liver diseases. In particular, we discuss the limitations of animal models and the advantages of stem cells and organoids, including their application to metabolic diseases. We also discuss mechanisms of drug action, understanding the efficacy and toxicity of existing therapies, screening for new treatments and pursuing personalized therapies. We highlight the potential of combining stem cell-derived organoids with gene editing and functional genomics to revolutionize the approach to finding treatments for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Hu
- Department of Basic Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangdong, China.
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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50
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Voulgarelis D, Bulusu KC, Yates JWT. Comparison of classical tumour growth models for patient derived and cell-line derived xenografts using the nonlinear mixed-effects framework. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 2022; 16:160-185. [PMID: 35404766 DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2022.2061615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study we compare seven mathematical models of tumour growth using nonlinear mixed-effects which allows for a simultaneous fitting of multiple data and an estimation of both mean behaviour and variability. This is performed for two large datasets, a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) dataset consisting of 220 PDXs spanning six different tumour types and a cell-line derived xenograft (CDX) dataset consisting of 25 cell lines spanning eight tumour types. Comparison of the models is performed by means of visual predictive checks (VPCs) as well as the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Additionally, we fit the models to 500 bootstrap samples drawn from the datasets to expand the comparison of the models under dataset perturbations and understand the growth kinetics that are best fitted by each model. Through qualitative and quantitative metrics the best models are identified the effectiveness and practicality of simpler models is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Voulgarelis
- DMPK Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Early Computational Oncology, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- AstraZeneca Postdoc Programme, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krishna C Bulusu
- Early Computational Oncology, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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