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Kurokawa M, Kurokawa R, Baba A, Gomi T, Cho S, Yoshioka K, Harada T, Kim J, Emile P, Abe O, Moritani T. Neuroimaging Features of Cytokine-related Diseases. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230069. [PMID: 38696321 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines are small secreted proteins that have specific effects on cellular interactions and are crucial for functioning of the immune system. Cytokines are involved in almost all diseases, but as microscopic chemical compounds they cannot be visualized at imaging for obvious reasons. Several imaging manifestations have been well recognized owing to the development of cytokine therapies such as those with bevacizumab (antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and the establishment of new disease concepts such as interferonopathy and cytokine release syndrome. For example, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity is the second most common form of toxicity after CAR T-cell therapy toxicity, and imaging is recommended to evaluate the severity. The emergence of COVID-19, which causes a cytokine storm, has profoundly impacted neuroimaging. The central nervous system is one of the systems that is most susceptible to cytokine storms, which are induced by the positive feedback of inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine storms cause several neurologic complications, including acute infarction, acute leukoencephalopathy, and catastrophic hemorrhage, leading to devastating neurologic outcomes. Imaging can be used to detect these abnormalities and describe their severity, and it may help distinguish mimics such as metabolic encephalopathy and cerebrovascular disease. Familiarity with the neuroimaging abnormalities caused by cytokine storms is beneficial for diagnosing such diseases and subsequently planning and initiating early treatment strategies. The authors outline the neuroimaging features of cytokine-related diseases, focusing on cytokine storms, neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, cytokine-related tumors, and cytokine-related therapies, and describe an approach to diagnosing cytokine-related disease processes and their differentials. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kurokawa
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Akira Baba
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Taku Gomi
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Shinichi Cho
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Kyohei Yoshioka
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Taisuke Harada
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - John Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Pinarbasi Emile
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Osamu Abe
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Toshio Moritani
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
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Das A, Ding S, Liu R, Huang C. Quantifying the Growth of Glioblastoma Tumors Using Multimodal MRI Brain Images. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3614. [PMID: 37509277 PMCID: PMC10377296 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting the eventual volume of tumor cells, that might proliferate from a given tumor, can help in cancer early detection and medical procedure planning to prevent their migration to other organs. In this work, a new statistical framework is proposed using Bayesian techniques for detecting the eventual volume of cells expected to proliferate from a glioblastoma (GBM) tumor. Specifically, the tumor region was first extracted using a parallel image segmentation algorithm. Once the tumor region was determined, we were interested in the number of cells that could proliferate from this tumor until its survival time. For this, we constructed the posterior distribution of the tumor cell numbers based on the proposed likelihood function and a certain prior volume. Furthermore, we extended the detection model and conducted a Bayesian regression analysis by incorporating radiomic features to discover those non-tumor cells that remained undetected. The main focus of the study was to develop a time-independent prediction model that could reliably predict the ultimate volume a malignant tumor of the fourth-grade severity could attain and which could also determine if the incorporation of the radiomic properties of the tumor enhanced the chances of no malignant cells remaining undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Das
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Shengxian Ding
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Rongjie Liu
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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Li L, Hou M, Fang S. Application of colony-stimulating factor 3 in determining the prognosis of high-grade gliomas based on magnetic resonance imaging radiomics. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15325. [PMID: 37095939 PMCID: PMC10122032 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objectives Radiomics is a promising, non-invasive method for determining the prognosis of high-grade glioma (HGG). The connection between radiomics and the HGG prognostic biomarker is still insufficient. Materials and methods In this study, we collected the pathological, clinical, RNA-sequencing, and enhanced MRI data of HGG from TCIA and TCGA databases. We characterized the prognostic value of CSF3. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression, subgroup analysis, Spearman analysis, and gene set variation analysis enrichment were used to elucidate the prognostic value of the CSF3 gene and the correlation between CSF3 and tumor features. We used CIBERSORT to analyze the correlation between CSF3 and cancer immune infiltrates. Logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine methods (SVM) were used to build the radiomics models for the prognosis prediction of HGG based on the expression of CSF3. Results Based on the radiomics score calculated from LR model, 182 patients with HGG from TCGA database were divided into radiomics score (RS) high and low groups. CSF3 expression varied between tumor and normal group tissues. CSF3 expression was found to be a significant risk factor for survival outcomes. A positive association was found between CSF3 expression and immune infiltration. The radiomics model based on both LR and SVM methods showed high clinical practicability. Conclusion The results showed that CSF3 has a prognostic value in HGG. The developed radiomics models can predict the expression of CSF3, and further validate the predictions of the radiomics models for HGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leina Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Laboratory Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Meidan Hou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shaobo Fang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Park SD, Saunders AS, Reidy MA, Bender DE, Clifton S, Morris KT. A review of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor signaling and regulation with implications for cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:932608. [PMID: 36033452 PMCID: PMC9402976 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.932608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (GCSFR) is a critical regulator of granulopoiesis. Studies have shown significant upregulation of GCSFR in a variety of cancers and cell types and have recognized GCSFR as a cytokine receptor capable of influencing both myeloid and non-myeloid immune cells, supporting pro-tumoral actions. This systematic review aims to summarize the available literature examining the mechanisms that control GCSFR signaling, regulation, and surface expression with emphasis on how these mechanisms may be dysregulated in cancer. Experiments with different cancer cell lines from breast cancer, bladder cancer, glioma, and neuroblastoma are used to review the biological function and underlying mechanisms of increased GCSFR expression with emphasis on actions related to tumor proliferation, migration, and metastasis, primarily acting through the JAK/STAT pathway. Evidence is also presented that demonstrates a differential physiological response to aberrant GCSFR signal transduction in different organs. The lifecycle of the receptor is also reviewed to support future work defining how this signaling axis becomes dysregulated in malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin David Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Apryl S. Saunders
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Megan A. Reidy
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Dawn E. Bender
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Shari Clifton
- Department of Information Management, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Katherine T. Morris
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Katherine T. Morris,
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Wang Y, Fang C, Chen R, Yuan S, Chen L, Qiu X, Qian X, Zhang X, Xiao Z, Wang Q, Fu B, Song X, Li Y. rhG-CSF is associated with an increased risk of metastasis in NSCLC patients following postoperative chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:741. [PMID: 35799161 PMCID: PMC9261064 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) reduces neutropenia events and is widely used in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. However, the effects of rhG-CSF on distant organ metastasis (DOM) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients following postoperative chemotherapy are not clear. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed on NSCLC patients who underwent complete surgical resection and postoperative systemic chemotherapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017. The effect of rhG-CSF on DOM was assessed with other confounding factors using Cox regression analyses. Results We identified 307 NSCLC patients who received postoperative systemic chemotherapy (n = 246 in the rhG-CSF group, n = 61 in the No rhG-CSF group). The incidence of DOM in postoperative NSCLC patients with rhG-CSF treatment was observably higher than in patients without rhG-CSF treatment (48.3% vs. 27.9%, p < 0.05). Univariate regression analysis revealed that rhG-CSF and pathological stage were independent risk factors for metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p < 0.05). RhG-CSF users had a higher risk of DOM (adjusted HR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.31–4.15) than nonusers of rhG-CSF. The association between rhG-CSF and the risk of DOM was significant only in patients presenting with myelosuppression (HR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.86–6.02) and not in patients without myelosuppression (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.17–2.94, Interaction p-value< 0.01). The risk increased with higher dose density of rhG-CSF compared to rhG-CSF versus no users (p for trend< 0.001). Conclusion These analyses indicate that rhG-CSF use is related to DOM following postoperative chemotherapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.,Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Chen Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.,Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Renfang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.,Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Shangkun Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.,Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Internal Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MingDe Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xiaotong Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xiaoying Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.,Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Zhehao Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Biqi Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Department of Medical Record Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China. .,Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Zheng Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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He K, Liu X, Hoffman RD, Shi RZ, Lv GY, Gao JL. G-CSF/GM-CSF-induced hematopoietic dysregulation in the progression of solid tumors. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1268-1285. [PMID: 35612789 PMCID: PMC9249339 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There are two types of abnormal hematopoiesis in solid tumor occurrence and treatment: pathological hematopoiesis, and myelosuppression induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this review, we primarily focus on the abnormal pathological hematopoietic differentiation in cancer induced by tumor-released granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). As key factors in hematopoietic development, G-CSF/GM-CSF are well-known facilitators of myelopoiesis and mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In addition, these two cytokines can also promote or inhibit tumors, dependent on tumor type. In multiple cancer types, hematopoiesis is greatly enhanced and abnormal lineage differentiation is induced by these two cytokines. Here, dysregulated hematopoiesis induced by G-CSF/GM-CSF in solid tumors and its mechanism are summarized, and the prognostic value of G-CSF/GM-CSF-associated dysregulated hematopoiesis for tumor metastasis is also briefly highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Robert D Hoffman
- Yo San University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90066, USA
| | - Rong-Zhen Shi
- Tangqi Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311106, China
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Jian-Li Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
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Van Nevel S, Declercq J, Holtappels G, Lambrecht BN, Bachert C. Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor: Missing Link for Stratification of Type 2-high and Type 2-low Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:1655-1665.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Maeda M, Fukuda T, Miyake M, Takahashi H, Ikegami M. Extracranial metastatic solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma expressing G-CSF and its receptor. Neuropathology 2021; 41:288-292. [PMID: 34137078 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although extracranial metastases are a relatively common phenomenon in patients with solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas (SFTs/HPCs), factors involved in the mechanism underlying tumor growth and metastasis have not been identified. We report a case of extracranial metastatic SFT/HPC synthesizing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR). A 39-year-old man underwent a gross total resection of a well-circumscribed, dura-based, extracerebral primary tumor at the right frontal convexity. Neuropathologic evaluation of the tumor revealed an SFT/HPC characterized by staghorn vessels and a patternless architecture of hypercellular tumor cells, which had the eosinophilic cytoplasm and the nucleus immunoreactive for signal transducer and activator of transcription 6. He was treated with postoperative radiotherapy. He complained of fever and abdominal pain with systemic multiple metastatic tumors 10 years after the operation. The leukocyte count was 70,500/μL with 90.7% neutrophils (compared to 7400/μL at 39 years of age), and the serum G-CSF level was 283.0 pg/mL. Pathological examination of biopsy specimens of the liver and kidney tumors revealed the metastatic SFT/HPC. Immunohistochemically, G-CSF was localized in both the primary and metastatic SFT/HPC cells, whereas G-CSFR was localized only in the metastatic SFT/HPC cells. The tumors seemed to have the ability to produce G-CSF, even when G-CSF production is not clinically evident, suggesting that G-CSFR acquisition contributes to tumor growth, malignancy, and metastasis. In addition, there have been no reports showing G-CSF production in SFT/HPC cases. The influence of G-CSF is expected to be one of the factors related to SFT/HPC malignancy. Inhibitors of G-CSF could be a therapeutic agent for tumors that co-express both G-CSF and G-CSFR in an autocrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miku Maeda
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misayo Miyake
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ikegami
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Manini I, Caponnetto F, Dalla E, Ius T, Pepa GMD, Pegolo E, Bartolini A, Rocca GL, Menna G, Loreto CD, Olivi A, Skrap M, Sabatino G, Cesselli D. Heterogeneity Matters: Different Regions of Glioblastoma Are Characterized by Distinctive Tumor-Supporting Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102960. [PMID: 33066172 PMCID: PMC7601979 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary 5-ALA Fluorescence Guided Surgery aims at extending the boundaries of glioblastoma (GBM) resection. It is based on the use of a fluorescent dye, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Depending on the fluorescence levels, it is possible to distinguish the core of the tumor, the infiltrating borders and the healthy tissue. Since GBM progression is supported by tumor cells and their interaction with the surrounding microenvironment, we hypothesized that 5-ALA intensity could identify microenvironments with different tumor supporting properties. Taking advantage of glioma-associated stem cells; a human in vitro model of the glioma microenvironment, we demonstrate that all regions of the tumor support the tumor growth, but through different pathways. This study highlights the importance of understanding the TME to obtain key information on GBM biology and develop new therapeutic approaches. Abstract The glioblastoma microenvironment plays a substantial role in glioma biology. However, few studies have investigated its spatial heterogeneity. Exploiting 5-ALA Fluorescence Guided Surgery (FGS), we were able to distinguish between the tumor core (ALA+), infiltrating area (ALA-PALE) and healthy tissue (ALA−) of the glioblastoma, based on the level of accumulated fluorescence. The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of the microenvironments associated with these regions. For this purpose, we isolated glioma-associated stem cells (GASC), resident in the glioma microenvironment, from ALA+, ALA-PALE and ALA− samples and compared them in terms of growth kinetic, phenotype and for the expression of 84 genes associated with cancer inflammation and immunity. Differentially expressed genes were correlated with transcriptomic datasets from TCGA/GTEX. Our results show that GASC derived from the three distinct regions, despite a similar phenotype, were characterized by different transcriptomic profiles. Moreover, we identified a GASC-based genetic signature predictive of overall survival and disease-free survival. This signature, highly expressed in ALA+ GASC, was also well represented in ALA PALE GASC. 5-ALA FGS allowed to underline the heterogeneity of the glioma microenvironments. Deepening knowledge of these differences can contribute to develop new adjuvant therapies targeting the crosstalk between tumor and its supporting microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Manini
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.D.L.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Caponnetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (F.C.); (E.D.)
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (F.C.); (E.D.)
| | - Tamara Ius
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (T.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Maria Della Pepa
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.D.P.); (G.L.R.); (G.M.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Enrico Pegolo
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.D.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Anna Bartolini
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.D.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Giuseppe La Rocca
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.D.P.); (G.L.R.); (G.M.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy
| | - Grazia Menna
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.D.P.); (G.L.R.); (G.M.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Carla Di Loreto
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.D.L.); (D.C.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (F.C.); (E.D.)
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.D.P.); (G.L.R.); (G.M.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Miran Skrap
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (T.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Giovanni Sabatino
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.D.P.); (G.L.R.); (G.M.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy
| | - Daniela Cesselli
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.D.L.); (D.C.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (F.C.); (E.D.)
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10
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Karagiannidis I, Jerman SJ, Jacenik D, Phinney BB, Yao R, Prossnitz ER, Beswick EJ. G-CSF and G-CSFR Modulate CD4 and CD8 T Cell Responses to Promote Colon Tumor Growth and Are Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1885. [PMID: 33042110 PMCID: PMC7522314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are known to shape the tumor microenvironment and although progress has been made in understanding their role in carcinogenesis, much remains to learn regarding their role in tumor growth and progression. We have identified granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as one such cytokine, showing that G-CSF is linked with metastasis in human gastrointestinal tumors and neutralizing G-CSF in a mouse model of colitis-associated cancer is protective. Here, we set out to identify the role of G-CSF and its receptor, G-CSFR, in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in the tumor microenvironment. MC38 colon cancer cells were injected into WT, G-CSFR-/- mice, or Rag2-/- mice. Flow cytometry, Real Time PCR and Multiplex cytokine array analysis were used for in vitro T cell phenotype analysis. Adoptive transfer of WT or G-CSFR-/- CD4+ of CD8+ T cells were performed. Mouse tumor size, cytokine expression, T cell phenotype, and cytotoxic activity were analyzed. We established that in G-CSFR-/- mice, tumor growth of MC38 colon cancer cells is significantly decreased. T cell phenotype and cytokine production were also altered, as both in vitro and in vivo approaches revealed that the G-CSF/G-CSFR stimulate IL-10-producing, FoxP3-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, whereas G-CSFR-/- T cells exhibit increased IFNγ and IL-17A production, leading to increased cytotoxic activity in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, peritumoral injection of recombinant IFNγ or IL-17A inhibited colon and pancreas tumor growth compared to controls. Taken together, our data reveal an unknown mechanism by which G-CSF, through its receptor G-CSFR, promotes an inhibitory Treg phenotype that limits tumor immune responses and furthermore suggest that targeting this cytokine/receptor axis could represent a novel therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal, and likely other tumors with high expression of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Karagiannidis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Jerman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Brandon B. Phinney
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ruoxin Yao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Eric R. Prossnitz
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ellen J. Beswick
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States,*Correspondence: Ellen J. Beswick
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11
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Zheng S, Li Z. Identification of a cullin5-RING E3 ligase transcriptome signature in glioblastoma multiforme. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17380-17392. [PMID: 32931454 PMCID: PMC7521521 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest type of brain tumor. The median survival time for patients with GBM is only 15 months, even following maximal surgical resection and chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A genetic biomarker could enable a paradigm shift in precise diagnosis, personalized therapeutics and prognosis. In this study, we employed the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, The Cancer Genome Atlas, and the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project databases for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and clinicopathological studies. We demonstrated that elevated expression of the RNF7, TCEB1, SOCS1 and SOCS3 genes, which encode components of cullin5-RING E3 ligase (CRL5), predict unfavorable GBM prognoses. In GBM and glioma cases carrying IDH1 mutations, SOCS1 and SOCS3 methylation was increased and their expression was downregulated. This study has thus identified a simple transcriptome signature for GBM prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Zheng
- Nova Southeastern University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33134, USA
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Province 310027, PR China,Zhejiang Key Agricultural Enterprise Institute of Shouxiangu Rare Herb Product, Zhejiang Province 310027, PR China
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12
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Dumbuya JS, Chen L, Shu SY, Ma L, Luo W, Li F, Wu JY, Wang B. G-CSF attenuates neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis via the mTOR/p70SK6 signaling pathway in neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia rat model. Brain Res 2020; 1739:146817. [PMID: 32246916 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of permanent damage to the central nervous system, associated with long-lasting neurological disabilities and neurodevelopmental impairment in neonates. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown to have neuroprotective activity in a variety of experimental brain injury models and G-CSF is a standard treatment in chemotherapeutic-induced neutropenia. The underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway is a master regulator of cell growth and proliferation in the nervous system. However, the effects of G-CSF treatment on the mTOR signaling pathway have not been elucidated in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. Our study investigated the neuroprotective effect of G-CSF on neonates with hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury and the possible mechanism involving the mTOR/p70S6K pathway. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rat pups at postnatal day 7 (P7) were subjected to right unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxic (8% oxygen and balanced nitrogen) exposure for 2.5 h or sham surgery. Pups received normal saline, G-CSF, G-CSF combined with rapamycin or ethanol (vehicle for rapamycin) intraperitoneally. On postnatal day 9 (P9), TTC staining for infarct volume, and Nissl and TUNEL staining for neuronal cell injury were conducted. Activation of mTOR/p70S6K pathway, cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), Bax and Bcl-2 and cytokine expression levels were determined by western blotting. RESULTS The G-CSF treated group was associated with significantly reduced infarction volume and decreased TUNEL positive neuronal cells compared to the HI group treated with saline. The expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1ß were significantly decreased in the G-CSF treated group, while IL-10 expression level was increased. The relative immunoreactivity of p-mTOR and p-p70S6K was significantly reduced in the HI group compared to sham. The HI group treated with G-CSF showed significant upregulated protein expression for p-mTOR and p-p70S6K levels compared to the HI group treated with saline. Furthermore, G-CSF treatment increased Bcl-2 expression levels and decreased CC3 and Bax expression levels in the ipsilateral hemispheres of the HI brain. The effects induced by G-CSF were all reversed by rapamycin. CONCLUSION Treatment with G-CSF decreases inflammatory mediators and apoptotic factors, attenuating neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis via the mTOR/p70S6K signalling pathway, which represents a potential target for treating HI induced brain damage in neonatal HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sieh Dumbuya
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 PR China
| | - Si Yun Shu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 PR China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853 PR China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 PR China
| | - Jang-Yen Wu
- Department of Biochemical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 PR China.
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13
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Sher AA, Gao A, Coombs KM. Autophagy Modulators Profoundly Alter the Astrocyte Cellular Proteome. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040805. [PMID: 32225060 PMCID: PMC7226796 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a key cellular process that involves constituent degradation and recycling during cellular development and homeostasis. Autophagy also plays key roles in antimicrobial host defense and numerous pathogenic organisms have developed strategies to take advantage of and/or modulate cellular autophagy. Several pharmacologic compounds, such as BafilomycinA1, an autophagy inducer, and Rapamycin, an autophagy inhibitor, have been used to modulate autophagy, and their effects upon notable autophagy markers, such as LC3 protein lipidation and Sequestosome-1/p62 alterations are well defined. We sought to understand whether such autophagy modulators have a more global effect upon host cells and used a recently developed aptamer-based proteomic platform (SOMAscan®) to examine 1305 U-251 astrocytic cell proteins after the cells were treated with each compound. These analyses, and complementary cytokine array analyses of culture supernatants after drug treatment, revealed substantial perturbations in the U-251 astrocyte cellular proteome. Several proteins, including cathepsins, which have a role in autophagy, were differentially dysregulated by the two drugs as might be expected. Many proteins, not previously known to be involved in autophagy, were significantly dysregulated by the compounds, and several, including lactadherin and granulins, were up-regulated by both drugs. These data indicate that these two compounds, routinely used to help dissect cellular autophagy, have much more profound effects upon cellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Affan Ali Sher
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
| | - Ang Gao
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics & Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
| | - Kevin M. Coombs
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics & Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-204-789-3976
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14
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Efficiency of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor immobilized on magnetic microparticles on proliferation of NFS-60 cells. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Cheng Y, Yin B, Hou T, Chen T, Ping J. The overexpression of GRASP might inhibit cell proliferation and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16215-16225. [PMID: 30779348 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the methylation of key genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screened by bioinformatics analysis and explore whether they affected HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, HCC-related differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were screened, genes corresponding to DMPs were selected, and prognosis-related genes were identified. A representative DMP was used to divide the DMPs into hyper- and hypomethylated groups. Expression of key genes in cell lines was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. After treatment of HepG2 cells with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-DC), gene expression was observed. Bisulfite sequencing PCR assay was used to detect methylation frequency. Overexpressed GRASP lentiviral vectors were constructed to analyze their influence on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion using cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays. Forty-three HCC prognosis-related genes were screened using the TCGA database. cg00249511 (SCT) was used to divide the DMPs into hyper- and hypomethylated groups, distinguishing between high- and low-risk samples. The prognosis survival model constructed using 12 genes revealed the prognosis type. GRASP messenger RNA was downregulated in HepG2 and upregulated after 5-Aza-DC treatment. In HCC tissues, methylation frequency of GRASP was upregulated. GRASP overexpression inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation, invasion, and G-CSFR expression. Thus, GRASP might be a prognosis-related gene controlled by methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cheng
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baobing Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlu Hou
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Ping
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Chen JC, Lee IN, Huang C, Wu YP, Chung CY, Lee MH, Lin MHC, Yang JT. Valproic acid-induced amphiregulin secretion confers resistance to temozolomide treatment in human glioma cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:756. [PMID: 31370819 PMCID: PMC6670223 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most severe type of primary brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Although extensive treatments for GBM, including resection, irradiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, have been tried, the prognosis is still poor. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is a front-line chemotherapeutic drug for the clinical treatment of GBM; however, its effects are very limited because of the chemoresistance. Valproic acid (VPA), an antiepileptic agent with histone deacetylase inhibitor activity, has been shown to have synergistic effects with TMZ against GBM. The mechanism of action of VPA on TMZ combination therapy is still unclear. Accumulating evidence has shown that secreted proteins are responsible for the cross talking among cells in the tumor microenvironment, which may play a critical role in the regulation of drug responses. METHODS To understand the effect of VPA on secreted proteins in GBM cells, we first used the antibody array to analyze the cell culture supernatant from VPA-treated and untreated GBM cells. The results were further confirmed by lentivirus-mediated knockdown and exogenous recombinant administration. RESULTS Our results showed that amphiregulin (AR) was highly secreted in VPA-treated cells. Knockdown of AR can sensitize GBM cells to TMZ. Furthermore, pretreatment of exogenous recombinant AR significantly increased EGFR activation and conferred resistance to TMZ. To further verify the effect of AR on TMZ resistance, cells pre-treated with AR neutralizing antibody markedly increased sensitivity to TMZ. In addition, we also observed that the expression of AR was positively correlated with the resistance of TMZ in different GBM cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The present study aimed to identify the secreted proteins that contribute to the modulation of drug response. Understanding the full set of secreted proteins present in glial cells might help reveal potential therapeutic opportunities. The results indicated that AR may potentially serve as biomarker and therapeutic approach for chemotherapy regimens in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 60004 Taiwan
| | - I-Neng Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Yen Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsueh Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Martin Hsiu-Chu Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Jen-Tsung Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 33302 Taiwan
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Park SR, Cho A, Kim JW, Lee HY, Hong IS. A Novel Endogenous Damage Signal, CSF-2, Activates Multiple Beneficial Functions of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Ther 2019; 27:1087-1100. [PMID: 30962162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The major challenges of current mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapeutics are their low differentiation potential into specialized cell types and their homing ability to sites of injury. Therefore, many researchers have directed their efforts toward finding a novel stimulatory factor that can significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of MSCs. Colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF-2) is previously known as a hematopoietic growth factor involved in the differentiation of various myeloid cells from hematopoietic progenitor cells. In addition to this canonical hematopoietic function, we identified for the first time that CSF-2 is actively secreted by stem cells, in response to various types of injuries, as an endogenous damage signal that promotes the therapeutic effects of MSCs by enhancing their multi-lineage differentiation and migratory capacities, possibly through its receptor CD116. Our results also revealed that CSF-2 exerts its stimulatory effects on MSCs via PI3K/Akt- and/or FAK/ERK1/2-signaling pathways. More importantly, we also found that MSCs stimulated with CSF-2 show markedly enhanced differentiation and migratory capacities and subsequent in vivo therapeutic effects in an endometrial ablation animal model. Collectively, our findings provide compelling evidence for a novel non-hematopoietic function of CSF-2 in promoting multiple beneficial functions of MSCs via a non-canonical mechanism as an endogenous damage signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Ra Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wan Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Yong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Jungwon University, 85 Goesan-eup, Munmu-ro, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 367-700, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea.
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Pretreatment with G-CSF Could Enhance the Antifibrotic Effect of BM-MSCs on Pulmonary Fibrosis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:1726743. [PMID: 30719047 PMCID: PMC6335774 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1726743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can promote the repair of a variety of damaged tissues, but the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) play an important role in the repair of damaged tissue. The aim of this study was to explore whether pretreating BM-MSCs with G-CSF can promote their ability of homing to the lung after in vitro transplantation via upregulating the CXCR4 expression, potentially markedly increasing the antifibrotic effect of BM-MSCs. The BM-MSCs pretreated with G-CSF were transplanted into a mouse on day 14 after bleomycin injection. The antifibrotic effects of BM-MSCs in mice were tested on day 21 by using pathological examination and collagen content assay. Pretreatment of BM-MSCs with G-CSF significantly promoted their ability of homing to the lung and enhanced their antifibrotic effects. However, knocking down the CXCR4 expression in BM-MSCs significantly inhibited the ability of G-CSF to promote the migration and homing of BM-MSCs to the lung and the resulting antifibrotic effects. We also found that G-CSF significantly increased the CXCR4 expression and AKT phosphorylation in BM-MSCs, and the AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002 significantly diminished the ability of G-CSF to upregulate the CXCR4 expression in BM-MSCs. Pretreatment of BM-MSCs with G-CSF promotes the homing of BM-MSCs to the lung via upregulating the CXCR4 expression, leading to a marked increase in the antifibrotic effects of BM-MSCs. This study provides new avenues for the application of BM-MSCs in the repair of different tissues.
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Yeo B, Redfern AD, Mouchemore KA, Hamilton JA, Anderson RL. The dark side of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor: a supportive therapy with potential to promote tumour progression. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:255-267. [PMID: 29968171 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is one of several cytokines that can expand and mobilize haematopoietic precursor cells from bone marrow. In particular, G-CSF mobilizes neutrophils when the host is challenged by infection or tissue damage. Severe neutropenia, or febrile neutropenia is a life-threatening event that can be mitigated by administration of G-CSF. Consequently, G-CSF has been used to support patients undergoing chemotherapy who would otherwise require dose reduction due to neutropenia. Over the past 10-15 years it has become increasingly apparent, in preclinical tumour growth and metastasis models, that G-CSF can support tumour progression by mobilization of tumour-associated neutrophils which consequently promote tumour dissemination and metastasis. With the increasing use of G-CSF in the clinic, it is pertinent to ask if there is any evidence of a similar promotion of tumour progression in patients. Here, we have reviewed the preclinical and clinical data on the potential contribution of G-CSF to tumour progression. We conclude that, whilst the evidence for a promotion of metastasis is strong in preclinical models and that limited data indicate that high serum G-CSF levels in patients are associated with poorer prognosis, no studies published so far have revealed evidence of increased tumour progression associated with supportive G-CSF use during chemotherapy in patients. Analysis of G-CSF receptor positive cohorts within supportive trials, as well as studies of the role of G-CSF blockade in appropriate tumours in the absence of chemotherapy could yield clinically translatable findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Yeo
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.,Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | | | - Kellie A Mouchemore
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - John A Hamilton
- Arthritis and Inflammation Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin L Anderson
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.
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20
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Macrophage Cytokines Enhance Cell Proliferation of Normal Prostate Epithelial Cells through Activation of ERK and Akt. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7718. [PMID: 29769604 PMCID: PMC5955920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage infiltrations (inflammation) are associated with prostate disorders such as prostatitis, prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. All prostate disorders have elevated cell proliferation, and are initiated from normal prostate epithelial cells. To date, the mechanism of how macrophages regulate normal prostate epithelial cell proliferation remains largely unknown. Using a 3D co-culture system, we here show that Raw 264.7 macrophages increased cell proliferation of normal prostate epithelial PZ-HPV-7 cells. In addition, these Raw 264.7 macrophages expressed higher levels of Ym1 and CD206. We further identify macrophage-secreted cytokines including CCL3, IL-1ra, osteopontin, M-CSF1 and GDNF as mediators for potentiating PZ-HPV-7 cell proliferation in 3D. All these cytokines differentially activated ERK and Akt. Blockade of both kinases through their inhibitors hindered macrophage-induced cell proliferation of PZ-HPV-7 cells. Hence, our data provide mechanistic insight of how inflammation may contribute to development of prostatic diseases at a very early stage through augment of cell proliferation of normal prostate epithelial cells.
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21
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Fan Z, Li Y, Zhao Q, Fan L, Tan B, Zuo J, Hua K, Ji Q. Highly Expressed Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor (G-CSFR) in Human Gastric Cancer Leads to Poor Survival. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:1701-1711. [PMID: 29567938 PMCID: PMC5880331 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients has been the mainstay of therapy for many years. Although adding anti-angiogenic drugs to chemotherapy improves patient survival slightly, identifying anti-angiogenic therapy-sensitive patients remains challenging for oncologists. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis, which can be minimized with the anti-G-CSF antibody. Thus, G-CSF might be a potential tumor marker. However, the effects of G-CSF and G-CSFR expression on GC patient survival remain unclear. Material/Methods Seventy GC tissue samples were collected for G-CSF and G-CSFR detection by immunohistochemistry. A total of 40 paired GC tissues and matched adjacent mucosa were used to measure the G-CSF and G-CSFR levels by ELISA. Correlations between G-CSF/G-CSFR and clinical characteristics, VEGF-A levels and overall survival were analyzed. Biological function and underlying mechanistic investigations were carried out using SGC7901 cell lines, and the effects of G-CSF on tumor proliferation, migration, and tube formation were examined. Results The levels of G-CSFR were upregulated in GC tissues compared to normal mucosa tissues. Higher G-CSF expression was associated with later tumor stages and higher tumor VEGF-A and serum CA724 levels, whereas higher G-CSFR expression was associated with lymph node metastasis. Patients with higher G-CSF expression had shorter overall survival times. In vitro, G-CSF stimulated SGC7901 proliferation and migration through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and accelerated HUVEC tube formation. Conclusions These data suggest that increased G-CSF and G-CSFR in tumors leads to unfavorable outcomes for GC patients by stimulating tumor proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, indicating that these factors are potential tumor targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisong Fan
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Li
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Qun Zhao
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Liqiao Fan
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Bibo Tan
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Zuo
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Kelei Hua
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Ji
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
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22
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Bertaut A, Truntzer C, Madkouri R, Kaderbhai CG, Derangère V, Vincent J, Chauffert B, Aubriot-Lorton MH, Farah W, Mourier KL, Boidot R, Ghiringhelli F. Blood baseline neutrophil count predicts bevacizumab efficacy in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70948-70958. [PMID: 27487142 PMCID: PMC5342600 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab is used to treat glioblastoma; however, no current biomarker predicts its efficacy. We used an exploratory cohort of patients treated with the radiochemotherapy then bevacizumab or chemotherapy at recurrence (N = 265). Bevacizumab use increased median overall survival (OS) 18.7 vs 11.3 months, p = 0.0014). In multivariate analysis, age, initial surgery, neutrophil count, Karnofsky status >70% and bevacizumab administration were independent prognostic factors of survival. We found an interaction between bevacizumab use and baseline neutrophil count. The cut-off value for the neutrophil count was set at 6000/mm3. Only patients with a high neutrophil count benefited from the bevacizumab treatment (17.3 vs 8.8 months p < 0.0001). We validated this result using data from the TEMAVIR trial, which tested the efficacy of neoadjuvant bevacizumab plus irinotecan versus radiochemotherapy in the first-line treatment of glioblastoma. Transcriptomic data from TCGA underlined that CSF3 expression, the gene encoding G-CSF, the growth factor for neutrophils, correlated with VEGF-A-dependent angiogenesis. In another independent cohort (BELOB trial), which compared lomustine versus lomustine plus bevacizumab at recurrence, bevacizumab only benefited patients with high CSF3 expression in the tumor. These data suggest that only patients with a high peripheral neutrophil count before bevacizumab treatment benefited from this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bertaut
- Biostatistics unit Georges Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Valentin Derangère
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology Genetic and histology, Georges Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Vincent
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Chauffert
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Amiens, Amiens, France
| | | | | | | | - Romain Boidot
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology Genetic and histology, Georges Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,INSERM U866, Dijon, France
| | - Francois Ghiringhelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology Genetic and histology, Georges Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,INSERM U866, Dijon, France.,University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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23
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Marron TU, Hammerich L, Brody J. Local Immunotherapies of Cancer. Oncoimmunology 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62431-0_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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24
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Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Its Potential Application for Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7517350. [PMID: 29362521 PMCID: PMC5738577 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7517350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was originally discovered in the context of hematopoiesis. However, the identification of the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) being expressed outside the hematopoietic system has revealed wider roles for G-CSF, particularly in tissue repair and regeneration. Skeletal muscle damage, including that following strenuous exercise, induces an elevation in plasma G-CSF, implicating it as a potential mediator of skeletal muscle repair. This has been supported by preclinical studies and clinical trials investigating G-CSF as a potential therapeutic agent in relevant disease states. This review focuses on the growing literature associated with G-CSF and G-CSFR in skeletal muscle under healthy and disease conditions and highlights the current controversies.
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25
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Mouchemore KA, Anderson RL, Hamilton JA. Neutrophils, G-CSF and their contribution to breast cancer metastasis. FEBS J 2017; 285:665-679. [PMID: 28834401 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is mounting for a role for neutrophils in breast cancer progression to metastasis. However, the role of G-CSF in neutrophil biology in a cancer setting remains to be defined. Herein we discuss the most recent clinical and experimental evidence for neutrophils and G-CSF in the promotion of metastasis, demonstrating a potential mechanistic link between them. Understanding this link is imperative both for the development of diagnostic tests and for therapies targeting neutrophils to improve the treatment of breast cancer patients with or at risk of developing metastatic disease. As a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients predicts poor outcome, while mild neutropenia predicts an improved outcome, we urge caution in the use of G-CSF in neutrophil recovery following chemotherapy as there is increasing evidence in preclinical models that G-CSF can promote metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie A Mouchemore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin L Anderson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - John A Hamilton
- Arthritis and Inflammation Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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26
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López SN, Rodríguez-Valentín M, Rivera M, Rodríguez M, Babu M, Cubano LA, Xiong H, Wang G, Kucheryavykh L, Boukli NM. HIV-1 Gp120 clade B/C induces a GRP78 driven cytoprotective mechanism in astrocytoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68415-68438. [PMID: 28978127 PMCID: PMC5620267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 clades are known to be one of the key factors implicated in modulating HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. HIV-1 B and C clades account for the majority of HIV-1 infections, clade B being the most neuropathogenic. The mechanisms behind HIV-mediated neuropathogenesis remain the subject of active research. We hypothesized that HIV-1 gp120 clade B and C proteins may exert differential proliferation, cell survival and NeuroAIDS effects in human astrocytoma cells via the Unfolded Protein Response, an endoplasmic reticulum- based cytoprotective mechanism. The differential effect of gp120 clade B and C was evaluated using for the first time a Tandem Mass Tag isobaric labeling quantitative proteomic approach. Flow cytometry analyses were performed for cell cycle and cell death identification. Among the proteins differentiated by HIV-1 gp120 proteins figure cytoskeleton, oxidative stress, UPR markers and numerous glycolytic metabolism enzymes. Our results demonstrate that HIV-1 gp120 B induced migration, proliferative and protective responses granted by the expression of GRP78, while HIV-1 gp120 C induced the expression of key inflammatory and pro-apoptotic markers. These novel findings put forward the first evidence that GRP78 is a key player in HIV-1 clade B and C neuropathogenic discrepancies and can be used as a novel target for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila N López
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
| | - Madeline Rodríguez-Valentín
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
| | - Mariela Rivera
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
| | - Maridaliz Rodríguez
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Center, University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Luis A Cubano
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
| | - Huangui Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lilia Kucheryavykh
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
| | - Nawal M Boukli
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR, USA
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27
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Kast RE, Hill QA, Wion D, Mellstedt H, Focosi D, Karpel-Massler G, Heiland T, Halatsch ME. Glioblastoma-synthesized G-CSF and GM-CSF contribute to growth and immunosuppression: Potential therapeutic benefit from dapsone, fenofibrate, and ribavirin. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317699797. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317699797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased ratio of circulating neutrophils to lymphocytes is a common finding in glioblastoma and other cancers. Data reviewed establish that any damage to brain tissue tends to cause an increase in G-CSF and/or GM-CSF (G(M)-CSF) synthesized by the brain. Glioblastoma cells themselves also synthesize G(M)-CSF. G(M)-CSF synthesized by brain due to damage by a growing tumor and by the tumor itself stimulates bone marrow to shift hematopoiesis toward granulocytic lineages away from lymphocytic lineages. This shift is immunosuppressive and generates the relative lymphopenia characteristic of glioblastoma. Any trauma to brain—be it blunt, sharp, ischemic, infectious, cytotoxic, tumor encroachment, or radiation—increases brain synthesis of G(M)-CSF. G(M)-CSF are growth and motility enhancing factors for glioblastomas. High levels of G(M)-CSF contribute to the characteristic neutrophilia and lymphopenia of glioblastoma. Hematopoietic bone marrow becomes entrained with, directed by, and contributes to glioblastoma pathology. The antibiotic dapsone, the lipid-lowering agent fenofibrate, and the antiviral drug ribavirin are Food and Drug Administration– and European Medicines Agency–approved medicines that have potential to lower synthesis or effects of G(M)-CSF and thus deprive a glioblastoma of some of the growth promoting contributions of bone marrow and G(M)-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quentin A Hill
- Department of Haematology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
| | - Didier Wion
- INSERM U1205, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Edmond J. Safra, Grenoble, France
| | - Håkan Mellstedt
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Tim Heiland
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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28
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Zhang X, Ma X, An H, Xu C, Cao W, Yuan W, Ma J. Upregulation of microRNA-125b by G-CSF promotes metastasis in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50642-50654. [PMID: 28881590 PMCID: PMC5584181 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are reports of miR-125b being dysregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated with CRC progression, little is known about its intrinsic regulatory mechanisms. Here we detected the expression of miR-125b in CRC tissues, subsequently investigated the effect of miR-125b on the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and metastasis on CRC cells. Our results showed that the expression of miR-125b was significantly decreased in CRC tissues comparing to adjacent tissues. However, with the stimulation of Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which was highly expressed in CRC tissues, the expression of miR-125b could be improved. Analysis of patient samples revealed that miR-125b presented a clear association with poor differentiation, positive lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage. Overexpression of miR-125b inhibited cell proliferation, triggered G2/M cell cycle arrest, induced subsequent apoptosis, and promoted cell migration and invasion. Moreover, luciferase reporter assays and western blot clarified that the myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) was a direct target of miR-125b. Thus overexpression of MCL1 attenuated the pro-metastasis function of miR-125b in CRC cell lines. In addition, the protein expression level of MCL1 was decreased in CRC tissues from patients with positive lymph node metastasis, which had high miR-125b expression. Collectively, our study suggested that miR-125b induced by G-CSF plays a promoting role in the metastasis of CRC by targeting MCL1, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huaying An
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjo Cao
- Department of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.,Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
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29
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Hong IS. Stimulatory versus suppressive effects of GM-CSF on tumor progression in multiple cancer types. Exp Mol Med 2016; 48:e242. [PMID: 27364892 PMCID: PMC4973317 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2016.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, also called CSF-2) is best known for its critical role in immune modulation and hematopoiesis. A large body of experimental evidence indicates that GM-CSF, which is frequently upregulated in multiple types of human cancers, effectively marks cancer cells with a ‘danger flag' for the immune system. In this context, most studies have focused on its function as an immunomodulator, namely its ability to stimulate dendritic cell (DC) maturation and monocyte/macrophage activity. However, recent studies have suggested that GM-CSF also promotes immune-independent tumor progression by supporting tumor microenvironments and stimulating tumor growth and metastasis. Although some studies have suggested that GM-CSF has inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis, an even greater number of studies show that GM-CSF exerts stimulatory effects on tumor progression. In this review, we summarize a number of findings to provide the currently available information regarding the anticancer immune response of GM-CSG. We then discuss the potential roles of GM-CSF in the progression of multiple types of cancer to provide insights into some of the complexities of its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Sun Hong
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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30
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) upregulates β1 integrin and increases migration of human trophoblast Swan 71 cells via PI3K and MAPK activation. Exp Cell Res 2016; 342:125-34. [PMID: 26992288 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple cytokines and growth factors expressed at the fetal-maternal interface are involved in the regulation of trophoblast functions and placental growth, but the role of G-CSF has not been completely established. Based on our previous study showing that G-CSF increases the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and the release of vascular endothelial growth factor in Swan 71 human trophoblast cells, in this work we explore the possible contribution of G-CSF to cell migration and the G-CSF-triggered signaling pathway. We found that G-CSF induced morphological changes on actin cytoskeleton consistent with a migratory cell phenotype. G-CSF also up-regulated the expression levels of β1 integrin and promoted Swan 71 cell migration. By using selective pharmacological inhibitors and dominant negative mutants we showed that PI3K, Erk 1/2 and p38 pathways are required for promoting Swan 71 cell motility. It was also demonstrated that PI3K behaved as an upstream regulator of Erk 1/2 and p38 MAPK. In addition, the increase of β1 integrin expression was dependent on PI3K activation. In conclusion, our results indicate that G-CSF stimulates β1 integrin expression and Swan 71 cell migration by activating PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting that G-CSF should be considered as an additional regulatory factor that contributes to a successful embryo implantation and to the placenta development.
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31
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Furmento V, Marino J, Blank V, Roguin L. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) upregulates metalloproteinase-2 and VEGF through PI3K/Akt and Erk1/2 activation in human trophoblast Swan 71 cells. Placenta 2014; 35:937-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Glioblastoma multiforme - an overview. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2014; 18:307-12. [PMID: 25477751 PMCID: PMC4248049 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2014.40559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a central nervous system tumor of grade IV histological malignancy according to the WHO classification. Over 90% of diagnosed glioblastomas multiforme cases are primary gliomas, arising from normal glial cells through multistep oncogenesis. The remaining 10% are secondary gliomas originating from tumors of lower grade. These tumors expand distinctly more slowly. Although genetic alterations and deregulations of molecular pathways leading to both primary and secondary glioblastomas formation differ, morphologically they do not reveal any significant differences. Glioblastoma is a neoplasm that occurs spontaneously, although familial gliomas have also been noted. Caucasians, especially those living in industrial areas, have a higher incidence of glioblastoma. Cases of glioblastoma in infants and children are also reported. The participation of sex hormones and viruses in its oncogenesis was also suggested. Progression of glioblastoma multiforme is associated with deregulation of checkpoint G1/S of a cell cycle and occurrence of multiple genetic abnormalities of tumor cells. Metastases of glioblastoma multiforme are rarely described. Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme includes tumor resection, as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Drugs inhibiting integrin signaling pathways and immunotherapy are also employed. Treatment modalities and prognosis depend on the tumor localization, degree of its malignancy, genetic profile, proliferation activity, patient's age and the Karnofsky performance scale score. Although the biology of glioblastoma multiforme has recently been widely investigated, the studies summarizing the knowledge of its development and treatment are still not sufficient in terms of comprehensive brain tumor analysis.
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33
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Dobrenis K, Gauthier LR, Barroca V, Magnon C. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor off-target effect on nerve outgrowth promotes prostate cancer development. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:982-8. [PMID: 24975135 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic growth factor granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has a role in proliferation, differentiation and migration of the myeloid lineage and in mobilizing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into the bloodstream. However, G-CSF has been newly characterized as a neurotrophic factor in the brain. We recently uncovered that autonomic nerve development in the tumor microenvironment participates actively in prostate tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here, we found that G-CSF constrains cancer to grow and progress by, respectively, supporting the survival of sympathetic nerve fibers in 6-hydroxydopamine-sympathectomized mice and also, promoting the aberrant outgrowth of parasympathetic nerves in transgenic or xenogeneic prostate tumor models. This provides insight into how neurotrophic growth factors may control tumor neurogenesis and may lead to new antineurogenic therapies for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostantin Dobrenis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Yoon JH, Kim J, Kim KL, Kim DH, Jung SJ, Lee H, Ghim J, Kim D, Park JB, Ryu SH, Lee TG. Proteomic analysis of hypoxia-induced U373MG glioma secretome reveals novel hypoxia-dependent migration factors. Proteomics 2014; 14:1494-502. [PMID: 24729417 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are one of the most common brain tumors and notorious for poor prognosis due to their malignant nature. Gliomas have an extensive area of hypoxia, which is critical for glioma progression by inducing aggressiveness and activating the angiogenesis process in the tumor microenvironment. To resolve the factors responsible for the highly malignant nature of gliomas, we comprehensively profiled the U373MG glioma cell secretome-exosome and soluble fraction under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. A total of 239 proteins were identified from the exosome and soluble fractions. Vascular endothelial growth factor, stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) and stanniocalcin 2, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 and 6, enriched in the soluble fraction, and lysyl oxidase homolog 2 enriched in the exosomal fraction were identified as upregulated proteins by hypoxia based on a label-free quantitative analysis. STCs and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, which were identified as secretory proteins under hypoxic conditions, were highly correlated with glioma grade in human patients by microarray analysis. An in vitro scratch wound assay revealed that STC1 and 2 have important functions in the induction of cell migration in a hypoxia-dependent manner, suggesting that they are hypoxia-dependent migration factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Yoon
- NovaCell technology, Inc, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Aliper AM, Frieden-Korovkina VP, Buzdin A, Roumiantsev SA, Zhavoronkov A. A role for G-CSF and GM-CSF in nonmyeloid cancers. Cancer Med 2014; 3:737-46. [PMID: 24692240 PMCID: PMC4303143 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) modulate progression of certain solid tumors. The G-CSF- or GM-CSF-secreting cancers, albeit not very common are, however, among the most rapidly advancing ones due to a cytokine-mediated immune suppression and angiogenesis. Similarly, de novo angiogenesis and vasculogenesis may complicate adjuvant use of recombinant G-CSF or GM-CSF thus possibly contributing to a cancer relapse. Rapid diagnostic tools to differentiate G-CSF- or GM-CSF-secreting cancers are not well developed therefore hindering efforts to individualize treatments for these patients. Given an increasing utilization of adjuvant G-/GM-CSF in cancer therapy, we aimed to summarize recent studies exploring their roles in pathophysiology of solid tumors and to provide insights into some complexities of their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Aliper
- Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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Li XQ, Ouyang ZG, Zhang SH, Liu H, Shang Y, Li Y, Zhen YS. Synergistic inhibition of angiogenesis and glioma cell-induced angiogenesis by the combination of temozolomide and enediyne antibiotic lidamycin. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:398-408. [PMID: 24424202 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.27626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Present work mainly evaluated the inhibitory effects of lidamycin (LDM), an enediyne antibiotic, on angiogenesis or glioma-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, especially its synergistic anti-angiogenesis with temozolomide (TMZ). LDM alone efficiently inhibited proliferations and induced apoptosis of rat brain microvessel endothelial cells (rBMEC). LDM also interrupted the tube formation of rat brain microvessel endothelial cells (rBMEC) and rat aortic ring spreading. The blockade of rBMEC invasion and C6 cell-induced rBMEC migration by LDM was associated with decrease of VEGF secretion in a co-culture system. TMZ dramatically potentiated the effects of LDM on anti-proliferation, apoptosis induction, and synergistically inhibited angiogenesis events. As determined by western blot and ELISA, the interaction of tumor cells and the rBMEC was markedly interrupted by LDM plus TMZ with synergistic regulations of VEGF induced angiogenesis signal pathway, tumor cell invasion/migration, and apoptosis signal pathway. Immunofluorohistochemistry of CD31 and VEGF showed that LDM plus TMZ resulted in synergistic decrease of microvessel density (MVD) and VEGF expression in human glioma U87 cell subcutaneous xenograft. This study indicates that the high efficacy of LDM and the synergistic effects of LDM plus TMZ against glioma are mediated, at least in part, by the potentiated anti-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Qi Li
- College of Life Science & Technology; Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University; Daqing, PR China; Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ouyang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
| | - Sheng-Hua Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
| | - Yue Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
| | - Yong-Su Zhen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, PR China
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Circulating galectins -2, -4 and -8 in cancer patients make important contributions to the increased circulation of several cytokines and chemokines that promote angiogenesis and metastasis. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:741-52. [PMID: 24384681 PMCID: PMC3915140 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circulating concentrations of the cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and chemokines monocyte chemotatic protein 1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 and growth-regulator oncogene α (GROα)/chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 are commonly increased in cancer patients and they are increasingly recognised as important promoters, via divergent mechanisms, of cancer progression and metastasis. Methods: The effect of galectins-2, -4 and -8, whose circulating levels are highly increased in cancer patients, on endothelial secretion of cytokines was assessed in vitro by cytokine array and in mice. The relationship between serum levels of galectins and cytokines was analysed in colon and breast cancer patients. Results: Galectins-2, -4 and -8 at pathological concentrations induce secretion of G-CSF, IL-6, MCP-1 and GROα from the blood vascular endothelial cells in vitro and in mice. Multiple regression analysis indicates that increased circulation of these galectins accounts for 41∼83% of the variance of these cytokines in the sera of colon and breast cancer patients. The galectin-induced secretion of these cytokines/chemokines is shown to enhance the expression of endothelial cell surface adhesion molecules, causing increased cancer-endothelial adhesion and increased endothelial tubule formation. Conclusion: The increased circulation of galectins -2, -4 and -8 in cancer patients contributes substantially to the increased circulation of G-CSF, IL-6 and MCP-1 by interaction with the blood vascular endothelium. These cytokines and chemokines in turn enhance endothelial cell activities in angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Schuster A, Klotz M, Schwab T, Lilischkis R, Schneider A, Schäfer KH. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor: a new player for the enteric nervous system. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 355:35-48. [PMID: 24253464 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1744-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) controls and modulates gut motility and responds to food intake and to internal and external stimuli such as toxins or inflammation. Its plasticity is maintained throughout life by neural progenitor cells within the enteric stem cell niche. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is known to act not only on cells of the immune system but also on neurons and neural progenitors in the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that G-CSF receptor is present on enteric neurons and progenitors and that G-CSF plays a role in the expansion and differentiation of enteric neural progenitor cells. Cultured mouse ENS-neurospheres show increased expansion with increased G-CSF concentrations, in contrast to CNS-derived spheres. In cultures from differentiated ENS- and CNS-neurospheres, neurite outgrowth density is enhanced depending on the amount of G-CSF in the culture. G-CSF might be an important factor in the regeneration and differentiation of the ENS and might be a useful tool for the investigation and treatment of ENS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schuster
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastraße 1, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
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Abstract
A major problem in the treatment of cancer and prolongation of patient survival is the dissemination of cells from a defined tumor site into a loco-regional disease and ultimately to full metastatic spread into distant organs. In the manuscript by Ierano et al. multiple chemically diverse histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) in tumor cell types of many diverse origins were shown to increase expression of the receptor CXCR4; a receptor whose expression promotes metastatic spread of tumor cells and that is correlated with a stage independent poor prognosis.1,2 The ligand of CXCR4, CXCL12, also called stromal cell-derived factor (SDF1), stimulates signaling through multiple pathways downstream of the CXCR4 receptor including SRC kinases, ERK1/2, and STAT3. Inhibition of SRC, ERK, or STAT3 can all suppress tumor cell migration and reduce the threshold at which tumor cells undergo apoptosis.3-8 The authors noted that despite increased CXCR4 expression following HDACI treatment, exogenous CXCL12 ligand had a reduced ability to stimulate cell signaling processes, with the phosphorylation of both SRC and STAT3 at activating sites declining. This resulted in less induced migration of HDACI-treated tumor cells. No studies were undertaken to determine whether HDACI-treated cells transduced to express activated forms of SRC or STAT3 or retained their invasive phenotype; however a loss of SRC and STAT3 signaling would predict for a less invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dent
- Department of Neurosurgery; Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond, VA USA
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Zgheib A, Pelletier-Bonnier É, Levros LC, Annabi B. Selective JAK/STAT3 signalling regulates transcription of colony stimulating factor-2 and -3 in Concanavalin-A-activated mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytokine 2013; 63:187-93. [PMID: 23688618 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kanno H, Nishihara H, Wang L, Yuzawa S, Kobayashi H, Tsuda M, Kimura T, Tanino M, Terasaka S, Tanaka S. Expression of CD163 prevents apoptosis through the production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in meningioma. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:853-64. [PMID: 23539121 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD163 is a 130-kDa transmembrane protein expressed in human monocytes and macrophages, and the aberrant expression of CD163 in breast and colorectal cancer associated with patients' poor prognosis was reported. Here, we analyzed the expression of CD163 in meningioma, a common intracranial tumor, and its molecular mechanism in association with meningioma progression. METHODS First, we performed immunohistochemical analysis using 50 human meningioma specimens. Next, we established CD163-overexpressing human meningioma cell lines and investigated its roles in tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Immunohistochemically, 26 of 50 human meningioma specimens (52.0%) were positive for CD163 in tumor cells, including benign grade I (48.5%) and grade II (71.4%) cases. Furthermore, CD163 expression was correlated with histological atypical parameters that directly predict the prognosis of meningioma. CD163-overexpressing meningioma cells showed significant suppression of apoptosis and accelerated tumor growth in nude mice. In addition, unexpected splenomegaly affiliated with the xenograft predicted tumor-derived granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) production, which was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first report that demonstrates CD163 expression in meningioma not only by immunohistochemistry but also by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, using primary culture cells, and provides the novel molecular function of CD163 to prevent apoptosis through the production of G-CSF in meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kanno
- Laboratory of Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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