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Das A, Kunwar A. Septins: Structural Insights, Functional Dynamics, and Implications in Health and Disease. J Cell Biochem 2024:e30660. [PMID: 39324363 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Septins are a class of proteins with diverse and vital roles in cell biology. Structurally, they form hetero-oligomeric complexes and assemble into filaments, contributing to the organization of cells. These filaments act as scaffolds, aiding in processes like membrane remodeling, cytokinesis, and cell motility. Functionally, septins are essential to cell division, playing essential roles in cytokinetic furrow formation and maintaining the structural integrity of the contractile ring. They also regulate membrane trafficking and help organize intracellular organelles. In terms of physiology, septins facilitate cell migration, phagocytosis, and immune responses by maintaining membrane integrity and influencing cytoskeletal dynamics. Septin dysfunction is associated with pathophysiological conditions. Mutations in septin genes have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as hereditary spastic paraplegias, underscoring their significance in neuronal function. Septins also play a role in cancer and infectious diseases, making them potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Septins serve as pivotal components of intracellular signaling networks, engaging with diverse proteins like kinases and phosphatases. By modulating the activity of these molecules, septins regulate vital cellular pathways. This integral role in signaling makes septins central to orchestrating cellular responses to environmental stimuli. This review mainly focuses on the human septins, their structural composition, regulatory functions, and implication in pathophysiological conditions underscores their importance in fundamental cellular biology. Moreover, their potential as therapeutic targets across various diseases further emphasizes their significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurosikha Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ambarish Kunwar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Li W, Zhang J, Yu X, Meng F, Huang J, Zhang L, Wang S. Aristolochic acid I exposure decreases oocyte quality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:838992. [PMID: 36036003 PMCID: PMC9402977 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.838992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte quality is a determinant of a successful pregnancy. The final step of oocyte development is oocyte maturation, which is susceptible to environmental exposures. Aristolochic acids (AAs), widely existing in Aristolochia and Asarum plants that have been used in traditional medicine, can result in a smaller ovary and fewer superovulated oocytes after in vivo exposure to mice. However, whether AAs affect oocyte maturation and the underlying mechanism(s) are unclear. In this study, we focused on the effect of Aristolochic acid I (AAI), a major compound of AAs, on the maturation of in vitro cultured mouse oocytes. We showed that AAI exposure significantly decreased oocyte quality, including elevated aneuploidy, accompanied by aberrant chiasma patterns and spindle organization, and decreased first polar body extrusion and fertilization capability. Moreover, embryo development potential was also dramatically decreased. Further analyses revealed that AAI exposure significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP synthesis and increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), implying impaired mitochondrial function. Insufficient ATP supply can cause aberrant spindle assembly and excessive ROS can cause premature loss of sister chromatid cohesion and thus alterations in chiasma patterns. Both aberrant spindles and changed chiasma patterns can contribute to chromosome misalignment and thus aneuploidy. Therefore, AAI exposure decreases oocyte quality probably via impairing mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Meng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liangran Zhang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shunxin Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Shunxin Wang,
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Sinha N, Lydia Walker G, Sen A. Looking at the Future Through the Mother's Womb: Gestational Diabetes and Offspring Fertility. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6379047. [PMID: 34597389 PMCID: PMC8520322 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Altered nutrition or intrauterine exposure to various adverse conditions during fetal development or earlier in a mother's life can lead to epigenetic changes in fetal tissues, predisposing those tissues to diseases that manifest when offspring become adults. An example is a maternal obesity associated with gestational diabetes (GDM), where fetal exposure to a hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic, and/or hyperlipidemic gestational environment can provoke epigenetic changes that predispose offspring to various diseased conditions later in life. While it is now well established that offspring exposed to GDM have an increased risk of developing obesity, metabolic disorders, and/or cardiovascular disease in adult life, there are limited studies assessing the reproductive health of these offspring. This mini-review discusses the long-term effect of in utero exposure to GDM-associated adverse prenatal environment on the reproductive health of the offspring. Moreover, using evidence from various animal models and human epidemiological studies, this review offers molecular insight and understanding of how epigenetic reprogramming of genes culminates in reproductive dysfunction and the development of subfertility or infertility later in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Sinha
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Gretchen Lydia Walker
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Aritro Sen
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Correspondence: Aritro Sen, PhD, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, 3013 Interdisciplinary Science & Technology Building, Michigan State University, 766 Service Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Abstract
Septins are an integral component of the cytoskeleton, assembling into higher-order oligomers and filamentous polymers that associate with actin filaments, microtubules and membranes. Here, we review septin interactions with actin and microtubules, and septin-mediated regulation of the organization and dynamics of these cytoskeletal networks, which is critical for cellular morphogenesis. We discuss how actomyosin-associated septins function in cytokinesis, cell migration and host defense against pathogens. We highlight newly emerged roles of septins at the interface of microtubules and membranes with molecular motors, which point to a 'septin code' for the regulation of membrane traffic. Additionally, we revisit the functions of microtubule-associated septins in mitosis and meiosis. In sum, septins comprise a unique module of cytoskeletal regulators that are spatially and functionally specialized and have properties of bona fide actin-binding and microtubule-associated proteins. With many questions still outstanding, the study of septins will continue to provide new insights into fundamental problems of cytoskeletal organization and function.
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Xu Y, Xu CL, Xu ZF, Wang XJ, Liang HS, Zeng ZC, Zeng LX, Wei KN, Deng SZ, Xie SJ, Jiang J, Liu YX, Cao YK, Wang HL. Fbf1 regulates mouse oocyte meiosis by influencing Plk1. Theriogenology 2021; 164:74-83. [PMID: 33561696 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Fas binding factor 1 (Fbf1) is one of the distal appendage proteins in the centriole, located at its distal and proximal ends. It influences the duplication and separation of centrosomes, thereby affecting the progression of the cell cycle during mitosis. However, the function of Fbf1 in meiosis has remained unclear. To explore the role of Fbf1 in the in vitro maturation of mouse oocyte, immunofluorescence staining was used to examine the Fbf1 location in the oocyte and their phenotype after protein deletion. Western blot was used to examine the protein abundance. This study showed that mouse oocytes express Fbf1 which locates at the spindle poles and around the microtubules. Through taxol and nocodazole treatment, and microinjection of siRNA, it was demonstrated that Fbf1 had an important role in the spindle assembly and chromosome separation during mouse oocyte meiosis In particular, microinjection of Fbf1-siRNA resulted in severe abnormalities in the spindle and chromosome arrangement, decreased aggregation of microtubules, disrupted the first oocyte meiosis, and the extrusion of the first polar body. Furthermore, in the Fbf1-siRNA group, there was reduced expression of Plk1 and its agglutination at the spindle poles, along with retarded chromosome segregation due to the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) component BubR1. These results indicate that Fbf1 may function in microtubule depolymerization and agglutination, control the microtubule dynamics, spindle assembly and chromosome arrangement and, thus, influence the mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chang-Long Xu
- The Reproductive Medical Center of Nanning Second People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530031, China
| | - Zhong-Feng Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xin-Jie Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Hui-Sheng Liang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Zhong-Shan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361004, China
| | - Zhao-Cheng Zeng
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Li-Xin Zeng
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Kang-Na Wei
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Shu-Zi Deng
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; College of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, China
| | - Shu-Juan Xie
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Dongfang Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yun-Kao Cao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
| | - Hai-Long Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
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Protein Kinase A-Mediated Septin7 Phosphorylation Disrupts Septin Filaments and Ciliogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020361. [PMID: 33572403 PMCID: PMC7916176 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Septins are GTP-binding proteins that form heteromeric filaments for proper cell growth and migration. Among the septins, septin7 (SEPT7) is an important component of all septin filaments. Here we show that protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates SEPT7 at Thr197, thus disrupting septin filament dynamics and ciliogenesis. The Thr197 residue of SEPT7, a PKA phosphorylating site, was conserved among different species. Treatment with cAMP or overexpression of PKA catalytic subunit (PKACA2) induced SEPT7 phosphorylation, followed by disruption of septin filament formation. Constitutive phosphorylation of SEPT7 at Thr197 reduced SEPT7‒SEPT7 interaction, but did not affect SEPT7‒SEPT6‒SEPT2 or SEPT4 interaction. Moreover, we noted that SEPT7 interacted with PKACA2 via its GTP-binding domain. Furthermore, PKA-mediated SEPT7 phosphorylation disrupted primary cilia formation. Thus, our data uncover the novel biological function of SEPT7 phosphorylation in septin filament polymerization and primary cilia formation.
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Clark KL, Talton OO, Ganesan S, Schulz LC, Keating AF. Developmental origins of ovarian disorder: impact of maternal lean gestational diabetes on the offspring ovarian proteome in mice†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:771-781. [PMID: 31290541 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an obstetric disorder affecting approximately 10% of pregnancies. The four high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) mouse model emulates GDM in lean women. Dams are fed a HFHS diet 1 week prior to mating and throughout gestation resulting in inadequate insulin response to glucose in mid-late pregnancy. The offspring of HFHS dams have increased adiposity, thus, we hypothesized that maternal metabolic alterations during lean GDM would compromise ovarian function in offspring both basally and in response to a control or HFHS diet in adulthood. Briefly, DLPL were lean dams and control diet pups; DLPH were lean dams and HFHS pups; DHPL were HFHS dams and control diet pups; and DHPH were HFHS dams and HFHS pups. A HFHS challenge in the absence of maternal GDM (DLPL vs. DLPH) increased 3 and decreased 30 ovarian proteins. Maternal GDM in the absence of a dietary stress (DLPL vs. DHPL) increased abundance of 4 proteins and decreased abundance of 85 proteins in the offspring ovary. Finally, 87 proteins increased, and 4 proteins decreased in offspring ovaries due to dietary challenge and exposure to maternal GDM in utero (DLPL vs. DHPH). Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2, deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1, septin 7, and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 were altered across multiple offspring groups. Together, these findings suggest a possible impact on fertility and oocyte quality in relation to GDM exposure in utero as well as in response to a western diet in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L Clark
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Omonseigho O Talton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Shanthi Ganesan
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Laura C Schulz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Aileen F Keating
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Ge SQ, Wu YL, Zhu JL, Tian Y, Wang SS, Gao ZQ. Preliminary investigation of the effects of an FCF inhibitor interference with Septin in the early stage embryos in mice. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4401-4406. [PMID: 30896847 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of for chlorfenuron (FCF) interference with the septin protein on early stage embryos in mice. The 1‑cell embryos were collected and divided into an FCF interference group and a control group. The FCF interference group was cultured in FCF media and the control group was cultured in dimethyl sulphoxide media at 37˚C with 5% CO2 until the desired phase was achieved. Septin2 protein expression was detected using immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. Blastocyst α‑tubulin was stained by immunofluorescence to observe the alterations in spindles and microtubules. The rate of early embryo development into blastocysts was significantly reduced following FCF treatment (P<0.05). In the control group, septin2 was observed with a confocal microscope; septin2 was expressed in embryos at all stages and mainly in the blastomeres from the 2‑cell stage onwards, with the expression concentrated in the nuclei of the blastomeres as identified by strong fluorescence. In the FCF interference group, septin2 was weakly expressed in the nuclei of blastomeres at the 2‑ and 4‑cell stages, and in the granulated blastomeres at the 4‑ and 8‑cell stages. Expression was barely observed in and following the morula. Granulation was observed starting from the 4‑ and 8‑cell stages. Compared with the control group, the FCF interference group exhibited irregular microtubules, abnormal spindle morphology and disordered chromosome arrangement in the blastocysts. The septin2 protein was expressed throughout the early stage embryo from the 2‑cell stage to the blastocyst and localized in the nuclei of blastomeres. When the septin protein experienced interference by the FCF inhibitor, septin2 protein expression was reduced, which simultaneously resulted in abnormal embryonic development, uneven cytoplasmic division, various sizes and a reduced number of blastomeres, granulation in the blastomeres, disordered blastocyst microtubule distribution, spindle shape alterations and an abnormality of chromosome arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qin Ge
- The Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei University Health Science Centre, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Ling Wu
- The Medical Comprehensive Laboratory Center of Hebei University Health Science Centre, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Liang Zhu
- The Centre for Reproductive Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Tian
- The Medical Comprehensive Laboratory Center of Hebei University Health Science Centre, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Family Planning and Healthy Birth, National Health and Family Planning Commission Hebei Research Institute for Family Planning, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, P.R. China
| | - Zhang-Quan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Family Planning and Healthy Birth, National Health and Family Planning Commission Hebei Research Institute for Family Planning, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, P.R. China
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Sharma A, Tiwari M, Gupta A, Pandey AN, Yadav PK, Chaube SK. Journey of oocyte from metaphase-I to metaphase-II stage in mammals. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5530-5536. [PMID: 29331044 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, journey from metaphase-I (M-I) to metaphase-II (M-II) is important since oocyte extrude first polar body (PB-I) and gets converted into haploid gamete. The molecular and cellular changes associated with meiotic cell cycle progression from M-I to M-II stage and extrusion of PB-I remain ill understood. Several factors drive oocyte meiosis from M-I to M-II stage. The mitogen-activated protein kinase3/1 (MAPK3/1), signal molecules and Rho family GTPases act through various pathways to drive cell cycle progression from M-I to M-II stage. The down regulation of MOS/MEK/MAPK3/1 pathway results in the activation of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). The active APC/C destabilizes maturation promoting factor (MPF) and induces meiotic resumption. Several signal molecules such as, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK2), SENP3, mitotic kinesin-like protein 2 (MKlp2), regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS2), Epsin2, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) are directly or indirectly involved in chromosomal segregation. Rho family GTPase is another enzyme that along with cell division cycle (Cdc42) to form actomyosin contractile ring required for chromosomal segregation. In the presence of origin recognition complex (ORC4), eccentrically localized haploid set of chromosomes trigger cortex differentiation and determine the division site for polar body formation. The actomyosin contractile activity at the site of division plane helps to form cytokinetic furrow that results in the formation and extrusion of PB-I. Indeed, oocyte journey from M-I to M-II stage is coordinated by several factors and pathways that enable oocyte to extrude PB-I. Quality of oocyte directly impact fertilization rate, early embryonic development, and reproductive outcome in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Sharma
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Meenakshi Tiwari
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anumegha Gupta
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashutosh N Pandey
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Pramod K Yadav
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shail K Chaube
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Shi Y, Liu W, He M. Proteome and Transcriptome Analysis of Ovary, Intersex Gonads, and Testis Reveals Potential Key Sex Reversal/Differentiation Genes and Mechanism in Scallop Chlamys nobilis. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:220-245. [PMID: 29546597 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9800-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bivalve mollusks exhibit hermaphroditism and sex reversal/differentiation. Studies generally focus on transcriptional profiling and specific genes related to sex determination and differentiation. Few studies on sex reversal/differentiation have been reported. A combination analysis of gonad proteomics and transcriptomics was conducted on Chlamys nobilis to provide a systematic understanding of sex reversal/differentiation in bivalves. We obtained 4258 unique peptides and 93,731 unigenes with good correlation between messenger RNA and protein levels. Candidate genes in sex reversal/differentiation were found: 15 genes differentially expressed between sexes were identified and 12 had obvious sexual functions. Three novel genes (foxl2, β-catenin, and sry) were expressed highly in intersex individuals and were likely involved in the control of gonadal sex in C. nobilis. High expression of foxl2 or β-catenin may inhibit sry and activate 5-HT receptor and vitellogenin to maintain female development. High expression of sry may inhibit foxl2 and β-catenin and activate dmrt2, fem-1, sfp2, sa6, Amy-1, APCP4, and PLK to maintain male function. High expression of sry, foxl2, and β-catenin in C. nobilis may be involved in promoting and maintaining sex reversal/differentiation. The downstream regulator may not be dimorphic expressed genes, but genes expressed in intersex individuals, males and females. Different expression patterns of sex-related genes and gonadal histological characteristics suggested that C. nobilis may change its sex from male to female. These findings suggest highly conserved sex reversal/differentiation with diverged regulatory pathways during C. nobilis evolution. This study provides valuable genetic resources for understanding sex reversal/differentiation (intersex) mechanisms and pathways underlying bivalve reproductive regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Maoxian He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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11
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Danchin A, Sekowska A, Noria S. Functional Requirements in the Program and the Cell Chassis for Next-Generation Synthetic Biology. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527688104.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Danchin
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital Paris 75013 France
| | - Agnieszka Sekowska
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital Paris 75013 France
| | - Stanislas Noria
- Fondation Fourmentin-Guilbert; 2 avenue du Pavé Neuf Noisy le Grand 93160 France
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12
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Wang X, Fei F, Qu J, Li C, Li Y, Zhang S. The role of septin 7 in physiology and pathological disease: A systematic review of current status. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3298-3307. [PMID: 29602250 PMCID: PMC6010854 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are a conserved family of cytoskeletal GTPases present in different organisms, including yeast, drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans and humans. In humans, septins are involved in various cellular processes, including exocytosis, apoptosis, leukemogenesis, carcinogenesis and neurodegeneration. Septin 7 is unique out of 13 human septins. Mammalian septin 6, septin 7, septin 2 and septin 9 coisolate together in complexes to form the core unit for the generation of the septin filaments. Physiological septin filaments are hetero‐oligomeric complexes consisting of core septin hexamers and octamers. Furthermore, septin 7 plays a crucial role in cytokinesis and mitosis. Septin 7 is localized to the filopodia and branches of developing hippocampal neurons, and is the most abundant septin in the adult rat forebrain as well as a structural component of the human and mouse sperm annuli. Septin 7 is crucial to the spine morphogenesis and dendrite growth in neurons, and is also a structural constituent of the annulus in human and mouse sperm. It can suppress growth of some tumours such as glioma and papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms of involvement of septin 7 in human disease, especially in the development of cancer, remain unclear. This review focuses on the structure, function and mechanism of septin 7 in vivo, and summarizes the role of septin 7 in cell proliferation, cytokinesis, nervous and reproductive systems, as well as the underlying molecular events linking septin 7 to various diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, tumour and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Qu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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13
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Dash SN, Narumanchi S, Paavola J, Perttunen S, Wang H, Lakkisto P, Tikkanen I, Lehtonen S. Sept7b is required for the subcellular organization of cardiomyocytes and cardiac function in zebrafish. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H1085-H1095. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00394.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myofibrils made up of actin, myosin, and associated proteins generate the contractile force in muscle, and, consequently, mutations in these proteins may lead to heart failure. Septins are a conserved family of small GTPases that associate with actin filaments, microtubules, and cellular membranes. Despite the importance of septins in cytoskeleton organization, their role in cardiomyocyte organization and function is poorly characterized. Here, we show that septin 7 is expressed in both embryonic and adult zebrafish hearts and elucidate the physiological significance of sept7b, the zebrafish ortholog of human septin 7, in the heart in embryonic and larval zebrafish. Knockdown of sept7b reduced F-actin and α-cardiac actin expression in the heart and caused disorganization of actin filaments. Electron microscopy of sept7b-depleted larvae showed disorganization of heart myofibrils and partial detachment from Z-disks. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of sept7b leads to reduced ventricular dimensions, contractility, and cardiac output. Furthermore, we found that depletion of sept7b diminished the expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, which catalyzes the synthesis of retinoic acid necessary for heart morphogenesis. We further observed that the sept7b and retinoic acid signaling pathways converge to regulate cardiac function. Together, these results specify an essential role for sept7b in the contractile function of the heart. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Knockdown of the zebrafish ortholog of human septin 7 ( sept7b) destabilizes cardiac actin and reduces ventricular dimensions, contractility, and cardiac output in larval zebrafish, indicating that sept7b is essential for cardiac function. We further found that sept7b and retinoic acid signaling pathways converge to regulate cardiac function. These data prompt further studies defining the role of sept7b in cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suneeta Narumanchi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jere Paavola
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Internal Medicine, Jorvi Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sanni Perttunen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; and
| | - Ilkka Tikkanen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Shi J, Wang D, Zhou Y, Gu Y, Wu D, Wang J, Hong Y. Comparative proteomics analysis of spermary and ovary in Hyriopsis schlegelii. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:491-499. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1259553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We provide the first large-scale quantitative proteomics analysis in Hyriopsis schlegelii. To investigate the proteins expressed in the gonads, a quantitative proteomics approach has been utilized to analyze differentially expressed proteins between the spermary and ovary. In this study, we identified and quantified 2416 proteins in the gonads of Hyriopsis schlegelii. Of these, 559 proteins showed significantly different expression between the spermary and ovary. Some specific proteins expressed in either the spermary or ovary were identified in Hyriopsis schlegelii. In addition, a series of proteins related to gametogenesis were also identified. Compared with previous reports, many proteins in Hyriopsis schlegelii identified here have different expression patterns between the spermary and ovary. The special hermaphroditism in Hyriopsis schlegelii may contribute to these inconsistent results. The provided proteomics data could be considered as a starting point for subsequent studies focusing on the proteins involved in sexual gland development and maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dexia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiran Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junhua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yijiang Hong
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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15
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Yang Y, Zhou C, Wang Y, Liu W, Liu C, Wang L, Liu Y, Shang Y, Li M, Zhou S, Wang Y, Zeng W, Zhou J, Huo R, Li W. The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF114 and TAB1 degradation are required for maternal-to-zygotic transition. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:205-216. [PMID: 28073917 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201642573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway during maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) remains to be elucidated. Here we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Rnf114, is highly expressed in mouse oocytes and that knockdown of Rnf114 inhibits development beyond the two-cell stage. To study the underlying mechanism, we identify its candidate substrates using a 9,000-protein microarray and validate them using an in vitro ubiquitination system. We show that five substrates could be degraded by RNF114-mediated ubiquitination, including TAB1. Furthermore, the degradation of TAB1 in mouse early embryos is required for MZT, most likely because it activates the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, our study uncovers that RNF114-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of TAB1 activate the NF-κB pathway during MZT, and thus directly link maternal clearance to early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yongliang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Zeng
- Animal Core Facility, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianli Zhou
- Animal Core Facility, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
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16
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Schatten H, Sun QY. Cytoskeletal Functions, Defects, and Dysfunctions Affecting Human Fertilization and Embryo Development. Hum Reprod 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118849613.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
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17
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Dash SN, Hakonen E, Ustinov J, Otonkoski T, Andersson O, Lehtonen S. sept7b is required for the differentiation of pancreatic endocrine progenitors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24992. [PMID: 27114183 PMCID: PMC4845001 DOI: 10.1038/srep24992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection or restoration of pancreatic β-cell mass as a therapeutic treatment for type 1 diabetes requires understanding of the mechanisms that drive the specification and development of pancreatic endocrine cells. Septins are filamentous small GTPases that function in the regulation of cell division, cytoskeletal organization and membrane remodeling, and are involved in various tissue-specific developmental processes. However, their role in pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation remains unknown. Here we show by functional manipulation techniques in transgenic zebrafish lines that suppression of sept7b, the zebrafish ortholog of human SEPT7, profoundly increases the number of endocrine progenitors but limits their differentiation, leading to reduction in β- and α-cell mass. Furthermore, we discovered that shh (sonic hedgehog) expression in the endoderm, essential for the development of pancreatic progenitors of the dorsal pancreatic bud, is absent in larvae depleted of sept7b. We also discovered that sept7b is important for the differentiation of ventral pancreatic bud-derived cells: sept7b-depleted larvae exhibit downregulation of Notch receptors notch1a and notch1b and show precocious differentiation of NeuroD-positive endocrine cells in the intrapancreatic duct and gut epithelium. Collectively, this study provides a novel insight into the development of pancreatic endocrine progenitors, revealing an essential role for sept7b in endocrine progenitor differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elina Hakonen
- Research Program for Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarkko Ustinov
- Research Program for Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Research Program for Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olov Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Wang HH, Cui Q, Zhang T, Wang ZB, Ouyang YC, Shen W, Ma JY, Schatten H, Sun QY. Rab3A, Rab27A, and Rab35 regulate different events during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and activation. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 145:647-57. [PMID: 26791531 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rab family members play important roles in membrane trafficking, cell growth, and differentiation. Almost all components of the cell endomembrane system, the nucleus, and the plasma membrane are closely related to RAB proteins. In this study, we investigated the distribution and functions of three members of the Rab family, Rab3A, Rab27A, and Rab35, in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and activation. The three Rab family members showed different localization patterns in oocytes. Microinjection of siRNA, antibody injection, or inhibitor treatment showed that (1) Rab3A regulates peripheral spindle and cortical granule (CG) migration, polarity establishment, and asymmetric division; (2) Rab27A regulates CG exocytosis following MII-stage oocyte activation; and (3) Rab35 plays an important role in spindle organization and morphology maintenance, and thus meiotic nuclear maturation. These results show that Rab proteins play important roles in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and activation and that different members exert different distinct functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Q Cui
- Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - T Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Z B Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Y C Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - W Shen
- Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - J Y Ma
- Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - H Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Q Y Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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19
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Ben-Eliezer I, Pomerantz Y, Galiani D, Nevo N, Dekel N. Appropriate expression of Ube2C and Ube2S controls the progression of the first meiotic division. FASEB J 2015. [PMID: 26207029 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-274522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Timely degradation of protein regulators of the cell cycle is essential for the completion of cell division. This degradation is promoted by the E3 anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and mediated by the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ube2s). Unlike the ample information gathered regarding the meiotic E3 APC/C, the E2s participating in this cell division have never been studied. We identified Ube2C, -S, and -D3 as the E2 enzymes that regulate APC/C activity during meiosis of mouse oocytes. Their depletion reduces the levels of the first meiotic cytokinesis by 50%, and their overexpression doubles and accelerates its completion (50% as compared with 4% at 11 h). We also demonstrated that these E2s take part in ensuring appropriate spindle formation. It is noteworthy that high levels of Ube2C bring about the resumption of the first meiotic division, regardless of the formation of the spindle, overriding the spindle assembly checkpoint. Thus, alongside their canonical function in protein degradation, Ube2C and -S also control the extrusion of the first polar body. Overall, our study characterizes new regulators and unveils the novel roles they play during the meiotic division. These findings shed light on faithful chromosome segregation in oocytes and may contribute to better understanding of aneuploidy and its consequent genetic malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Ben-Eliezer
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dalia Galiani
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nava Nevo
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nava Dekel
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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20
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Zhuang XJ, Shi YQ, Xu B, Chen L, Tang WH, Huang J, Lian Y, Liu P, Qiao J. SLX2 interacting with BLOS2 is differentially expressed during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:2231-7. [PMID: 24870619 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gametogenesis is a complex biological process of producing cells for sexual reproduction. Xlr super family members containing a conserved COR1 domain play essential roles in gametogenesis. In the present study, we identified that Slx2, a novel member of Xlr super family, is specifically expressed in the meiotic oocytes, which is demonstrated by western blotting and immunohistochemistry studies. In the first meiotic prophase, SLX2 is unevenly distributed in the nuclei of oocytes, during which phase SLX2 is partly co-localized with SYCP3 in synaptonemal complex and γH2AX in the nucleus of oocytes. Interestingly, the localization of SLX2 was found to be switched into the cytoplasm of oocytes after prometaphase I during oocyte maturation. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that SLX2 interacts with BLOS2, which is a novel centrosome-associated protein, and co-localized with γ-Tubulin, which is a protein marker of chromosome segregation in meiosis. These results indicated that SLX2 might get involved in chromosomes segregation during meiosis by interaction with BLOS2. In conclusion, SLX2 might be a novel gametogenesis-related protein that could play multiple roles in regulation of meiotic processes including synaptonemal complex assembly and chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jie Zhuang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction; Ministry of Education; Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu-Qiang Shi
- College of Bio-Engineering; Weifang University; Weifang, PR China
| | - Bo Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University; Hefei, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Reproductive Medical Centre; First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Wen-Hao Tang
- Department of Urology; the Third Hospital of Peking University; Beijing, PR China
| | - Jin Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction; Ministry of Education; Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, PR China
| | - Ying Lian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction; Ministry of Education; Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction; Ministry of Education; Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, PR China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction; Ministry of Education; Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, PR China
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21
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Degroote RL, Hauck SM, Amann B, Hirmer S, Ueffing M, Deeg CA. Unraveling the equine lymphocyte proteome: differential septin 7 expression associates with immune cells in equine recurrent uveitis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91684. [PMID: 24614191 PMCID: PMC3951111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine recurrent uveitis is a spontaneous, lymphocyte-driven autoimmune disease. It affects horses worldwide and presents with painful remitting-relapsing inflammatory attacks of inner eye structures eventually leading to blindness. Since lymphocytes are the key players in equine recurrent uveitis, we were interested in potential changes of their protein repertoire which may be involved in disease pathogenesis. To create a reference for differential proteome analysis, we first unraveled the equine lymphocyte proteome by two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subsequently identified 352 protein spots. Next, we compared lymphocytes from ERU cases and healthy horses with a two-dimensional fluorescence difference in gel electrophoresis approach. With this technique, we identified seven differentially expressed proteins between conditions. One of the significantly lower expressed candidates, septin 7, plays a role in regulation of cell shape, motility and migration. Further analyses revealed T cells as the main cell type with decreased septin 7 abundance in equine recurrent uveitis. These findings point to a possible pathogenetic role of septin 7 in this sight-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane L. Degroote
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Sciences, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Amann
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sieglinde Hirmer
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Research Unit Protein Sciences, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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22
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Liu Z, Vong QP, Liu C, Zheng Y. Borg5 is required for angiogenesis by regulating persistent directional migration of the cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:841-51. [PMID: 24451259 PMCID: PMC3952853 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-09-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using mouse knockout strategy, the authors uncovered a role for Borg5 in microvascular angiogenesis. In primary mouse cardiac endothelial cells, Borg5 interacts with septin cytoskeleton and colocalizes with perinuclear actomyosin fibers. The data presented suggest that Borg5 and septin regulate the actomyosin activity critical for persistent directional migration. The microvasculature is important for vertebrate organ development and homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanism of microvascular angiogenesis remains incompletely understood. Through studying Borg5 (Binder of the Rho GTPase 5), which belongs to a family of poorly understood effector proteins of the Cdc42 GTPase, we uncover a role for Borg5 in microvascular angiogenesis. Deletion of Borg5 in mice results in defects in retinal and cardiac microvasculature as well as heart development. Borg5 promotes angiogenesis by regulating persistent directional migration of the endothelial cells (ECs). In primary mouse cardiac ECs (MCECs), Borg5 associates with septins in the perinuclear region and colocalizes with actomyosin fibers. Both Borg5 deletion and septin 7 knockdown lead to a disruption of the perinuclear actomyosin and persistent directional migration. Our findings suggest that Borg5 and septin cytoskeleton spatially control actomyosin activity to ensure persistent directional migration of MCECs and efficient microvascular angiogenesis. Our studies reported here should offer a new avenue to further investigate the functions of Borg5, septin, and actomyosin in the microvasculature in the context of development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21218 iPSC and Genome Engineering Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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23
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Schatten H, Sun QY. Posttranslationally modified tubulins and other cytoskeletal proteins: their role in gametogenesis, oocyte maturation, fertilization and Pre-implantation embryo development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 759:57-87. [PMID: 25030760 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0817-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton, mainly consisting of microtubules, intermediate filaments and microfilaments, along with cytoskeleton associated and interconnecting proteins as well as the centrosome, plays enormously important roles in all stages of embryogenesis and undergoes significant changes to accommodate a diversity of cellular functions during gametogenesis, oocyte maturation, fertilization and pre-implantation embryo development. The varied functions of the cytoskeleton can be accomplished on many different levels, among which are a diversity of different posttranslational modifications (PTMs), chemical modifications that regulate activity, localization and interactions with other cellular molecules. PTMs of the cytoskeleton, including phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, detyrosination/tyrosination, (poly)glutamylation and (poly)glycylation, acetylation, sumoylation, and palmitoylation, will be addressed in this chapter. Focus will be on (1) Microtubules, microtubule organizing centers (centrosomes), intermediate filaments, microfilaments and their PTMs; (2) Cytoskeletal functions and cytoskeletal PTMs during gametogenesis and oocyte maturation; and (3) Cytoskeletal functions and cytoskeletal PTMs during fertilization and pre-implantation embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, 1600 E Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA,
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24
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The human septin7 and the yeast CDC10 septin prevent Bax and copper mediated cell death in yeast. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:3186-3194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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25
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Groh KJ, Schönenberger R, Eggen RIL, Segner H, Suter MJF. Analysis of protein expression in zebrafish during gonad differentiation by targeted proteomics. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 193:210-20. [PMID: 23968773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms governing sex determination and differentiation in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) are not fully understood. To gain more insights into the function of specific genes in these complex processes, the expression of multiple candidates needs to be assessed, preferably on the protein level. Here, we developed a targeted proteomics method based on selected reaction monitoring (SRM) to study the candidate sex-related proteins in zebrafish which were selected based on a global proteomics analysis of adult gonads and representational difference analysis of male and female DNA, as well as on published information on zebrafish and other vertebrates. We employed the developed SRM protocols to acquire time-resolved protein expression profiles during the gonad differentiation period in vas::EGFP transgenic zebrafish. Evidence on protein expression was obtained for the first time for several candidate genes previously studied only on the mRNA level or suggested by bioinformatic predictions. Tuba1b (tubulin alpha 1b), initially included in the study as one of the potential housekeeping proteins, was found to be preferentially expressed in the adult testis with nearly absent expression in the ovary. The revealed changes in protein expression patterns associated with gonad differentiation suggest that several of the examined proteins, especially Ilf2 and Ilf3 (interleukin enhancer-binding factors 2 and 3), Raldh3 (retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 3), Zgc:195027 (low density lipoprotein-related receptor protein 3) and Sept5a (septin 5a), may play a specific role in the sexual differentiation in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia J Groh
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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