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Adegbola PI, Adetutu A. Genetic and epigenetic modulations in toxicity: The two-sided roles of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:502-519. [PMID: 38774476 PMCID: PMC11106787 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study emphasizes the importance of considering the metabolic and toxicity mechanisms of environmental concern chemicals in real-life exposure scenarios. Furthermore, environmental chemicals may require metabolic activation to become toxic, and competition for binding sites on receptors can affect the severity of toxicity. The multicomplex process of chemical toxicity is reflected in the activation of multiple pathways during toxicity of which AhR activation is major. Real-life exposure to a mixture of concern chemicals is common, and the composition of these chemicals determines the severity of toxicity. Nutritional essential elements can mitigate the toxicity of toxic heavy metals, while the types and ratio of composition of PAH can either increase or decrease toxicity. The epigenetic mechanisms of heavy metals and PAH toxicity involves either down-regulation or up-regulation of some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) whereas specific small RNAs (sRNAs) may have dual role depending on the tissue and circumstance of expression. Similarly, decrease DNA methylation and histone modification are major players in heavy metals and PAH mediated toxicity and FLT1 hypermethylation is a major process in PAH induced carcinogenesis. Overall, this review provides the understanding of the metabolism of environmental concern chemicals, emphasizing the importance of considering mixed compositions and real-life exposure scenarios in assessing their potential effects on human health and diseases development as well as the dual mechanism of toxicity via genetic or epigenetic axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adewale Adetutu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
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2
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Chen S, Srinivasan G, Jaiswal A, Williamson EA, Li L, Arris D, Zhou D, Xu M, Hromas R. MiR-223-3p promotes genomic stability of hematopoietic progenitors after radiation. Exp Hematol 2024; 129:104123. [PMID: 37875176 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
When hematopoietic cells are overwhelmed with ionizing radiation (IR) DNA damage, the alternative non-homologous end-joining (aNHEJ) repair pathway is activated to repair stressed replication forks. While aNHEJ can rescue cells overwhelmed with DNA damage, it can also mediate chromosomal deletions and fusions, which can cause mis-segregation in mitosis and resultant aneuploidy. We previously reported that a hematopoietic microRNA, miR-223-3p, normally represses aNHEJ. We found that miR-223-/- mice have increased survival of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) after sublethal IR. However, this came at the cost of significantly more genomic aberrancies, with miR-223-/- hematopoietic progenitors having increased metaphase aberrancies, including chromothripsis, and increased sequence abnormalities, especially deletions, which is consistent with aNHEJ. These data imply that when an HSPC is faced with substantial DNA damage, it may trade genomic damage for its own survival by choosing the aNHEJ repair pathway, and this choice is regulated in part by miR-223-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gayathri Srinivasan
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Aruna Jaiswal
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Williamson
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lingxiao Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Dominic Arris
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Robert Hromas
- Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Yadav A, Biswas T, Praveen A, Ganguly P, Bhattacharyya A, Verma A, Datta D, Ateeq B. Targeting MALAT1 Augments Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition by Impairing Homologous Recombination in Prostate Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2044-2061. [PMID: 37812088 PMCID: PMC10561629 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic intervention for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the clinical utility of PARPi is limited to a subset of patients who harbor aberrations in the genes associated with the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Here, we report that targeting metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), contrives a BRCAness-like phenotype, and augments sensitivity to PARPi. Mechanistically, we show that MALAT1 silencing reprograms the homologous recombination (HR) transcriptome and makes prostate cancer cells more vulnerable to PARPi. Particularly, coinhibition of MALAT1 and PARP1 exhibits a decline in clonogenic survival, delays resolution of γH2AX foci, and reduces tumor burden in mice xenograft model. Moreover, we show that miR-421, a tumor suppressor miRNA, negatively regulates the expression of HR genes, while in aggressive prostate cancer cases, miR-421 is sequestered by MALAT1, leading to increased expression of HR genes. Conclusively, our findings suggest that MALAT1 ablation confers sensitivity to PARPi, thus highlighting an alternative therapeutic strategy for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), irrespective of the alterations in HR genes. SIGNIFICANCE PARPi are clinically approved for patients with metastatic CRPC carrying mutations in HR genes, but are ineffective for HR-proficient prostate cancer. Herein, we show that oncogenic lncRNA, MALAT1 is frequently overexpressed in advanced stage prostate cancer and plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity. Importantly, we propose a novel therapeutic strategy that emphasizes MALAT1 inhibition, leading to HR dysfunction in both HR-deficient and -proficient prostate cancer, consequently augmenting their susceptibility to PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tanay Biswas
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ayush Praveen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Promit Ganguly
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankita Bhattacharyya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ayushi Verma
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bushra Ateeq
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre of Excellence for Cancer - Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Martello S, Bylicky MA, Shankavaram U, May JM, Chopra S, Sproull M, Scott KMK, Aryankalayil MJ, Coleman CN. Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression after Whole-Body Irradiation Across Three Strains of Mice. Radiat Res 2023; 200:266-280. [PMID: 37527359 PMCID: PMC10635637 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00007.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Whole- or partial-body exposure to ionizing radiation damages major organ systems, leading to dysfunction on both acute and chronic timescales. Radiation medical countermeasures can mitigate acute damages and may delay chronic effects when delivered within days after exposure. However, in the event of widespread radiation exposure, there will inevitably be scarce resources with limited countermeasures to distribute among the affected population. Radiation biodosimetry is necessary to separate exposed from unexposed victims and determine those who requires the most urgent care. Blood-based, microRNA signatures have great potential for biodosimetry, but the affected population in such a situation will be genetically heterogeneous and have varying miRNA responses to radiation. Thus, there is a need to understand differences in radiation-induced miRNA expression across different genetic backgrounds to develop a robust signature. We used inbred mouse strains C3H/HeJ and BALB/c mice to determine how accurate miRNA in blood would be in developing markers for radiation vs. no radiation, low dose (1 Gy, 2 Gy) vs. high dose (4 Gy, 8 Gy), and high risk (8 Gy) vs. low risk (1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy). Mice were exposed to whole-body doses of 0 Gy, 1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy, or 8 Gy of X rays. MiRNA expression changes were identified using NanoString nCounter panels on blood RNA collected 1, 2, 3 or 7 days postirradiation. Overall, C3H/HeJ mice had more differentially expressed miRNAs across all doses and timepoints than BALB/c mice. The highest amount of differential expression occurred at days 2 and 3 postirradiation for both strains. Comparison of C3H/HeJ and BALB/c expression profiles to those previously identified in C57BL/6 mice revealed 12 miRNAs that were commonly expressed across all three strains, only one of which, miR-340-5p, displayed a consistent regulation pattern in all three miRNA data. Notably multiple Let-7 family members predicted high-dose and high-risk radiation exposure (Let-7a, Let-7f, Let-7e, Let-7g, and Let-7d). KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated involvement of these predicted miRNAs in pathways related to: Fatty acid metabolism, Lysine degradation and FoxO signaling. These findings indicate differences in the miRNA response to radiation across various genetic backgrounds, and highlights key similarities, which we exploited to discover miRNAs that predict radiation exposure. Our study demonstrates the need and the utility of including multiple animal strains in developing and validating biodosimetry diagnostic signatures. From this data, we developed highly accurate miRNA signatures capable of predicting exposed and unexposed subjects within a genetically heterogeneous population as quickly as 24 h of exposure to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Martello
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Michelle A. Bylicky
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Jared M. May
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Sunita Chopra
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Mary Sproull
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Kevin MK Scott
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Molykutty J. Aryankalayil
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - C. Norman Coleman
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
- Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
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Kuthethur R, Jerome MS, Subbannayya Y, Chakrabarty S. An integrated analysis of microRNAs regulating DNA damage response in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:832-844. [PMID: 37344703 PMCID: PMC10404216 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a clinical challenge due to its aggressive phenotype and limited treatment options for the patients. Many TNBC patients show an inherent defect in the DNA repair capacity primarily by acquiring germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes leading to Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD). Epigenetic modifications such as BRCA1 promoter methylation and miRNA expression targeting DNA repair pathway genes have contributed to the HRD phenotype in TNBC. Hence, we aimed to identify microRNAs that are associated with HRD status in the TCGA-BRCA project. MATERIALS AND METHODS We implemented a miRNA prediction strategy for identifying miRNAs targeting HR pathway genes using an in silico predicted and experimentally validated list from published literature for their association with genomic instability and factors affecting HRD. In silico analysis was performed to study miRNA expression patterns regulated by DNA methylation and TMB status in the TNBC patients from TCGA-BRCA project. Finally, we analysed selected miRNA expression with immune cell infiltration pattern in the TNBC patient cohort. RESULTS Our study identified miRNAs associated with HRD, tumour mutation burden (TMB), and immune cell infiltration. Identified miRNA signatures were associated with the miR-17 ~ 92 cluster, miR-106b ~ 25 cluster, and miR-200b ~ 429 cluster. Pathway analysis of selected miRNAs suggested their association with altered immune cell infiltration in TNBC. CONCLUSION Our study identified 6 'HRD associated miRNAs' such as miR-106b, miR-93, miR-17, miR-20a, miR-200b, and miR-429 as novel miRNA-based signatures associated with HR deficiency in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Maria Sona Jerome
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Quercetin and Isorhamnetin Reduce Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Genotoxicity by Inducing RAD51 Expression through Downregulation of miR-34a. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113125. [PMID: 36361910 PMCID: PMC9653982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is metabolized in the liver into highly reactive mutagenic and genotoxic metabolites, which induce carcinogenesis. The mutagenic factors, including B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) and reactive oxygen species, generated during B[a]P metabolism can cause DNA damage, such as BPDE-DNA adducts, 8-oxo-dG, and double-strand breaks (DSBs). In this study, we mechanistically investigated the effects of quercetin and its major metabolite isorhamnetin on the repair of B[a]P-induced DNA DSBs. Whole-transcriptome analysis showed that quercetin and isorhamnetin each modulate the expression levels of genes involved in DNA repair, especially those in homologous recombination. RAD51 was identified as a key gene whose expression level was decreased in B[a]P-treated cells and increased by quercetin or isorhamnetin treatment. Furthermore, the number of γH2AX foci induced by B[a]P was significantly decreased by quercetin or isorhamnetin, whereas RAD51 mRNA and protein levels were increased. Additionally, among the five microRNAs (miRs) known to downregulate RAD51, miR-34a level was significantly downregulated by quercetin or isorhamnetin. The protective effect of quercetin or isorhamnetin was lower in cells transfected with a miR-34a mimic than in non-transfected cells, and the B[a]P-induced DNA DSBs remained unrepaired. Our results show that quercetin and isorhamnetin each upregulates RAD51 by downregulating miR-34a and thereby suppresses B[a]P-induced DNA damage.
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Darbeheshti F, Kadkhoda S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Razi S, Bahramy A, Mansoori Y, Rezaei N. Investigation of BRCAness associated miRNA-gene axes in breast cancer: cell-free miR-182-5p as a potential expression signature of BRCAness. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:668. [PMID: 35715772 PMCID: PMC9206264 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of the ‘BRCAness’ phenotype implies the properties that some sporadic breast cancers (BC) share with BRCA1/2-mutation carriers with hereditary BC. Breast tumors with BRCAness have deficiencies in homologous recombination repair (HRR), like BRCA1/2-mutation carriers, and consequently could benefit from poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) show a higher frequency of BRCAness than the other BC subtypes. Therefore, looking for BRCAness-related biomarkers could improve personalized management of TNBC patients. microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in onco-transcriptomic profiles of tumor cells besides their suitable features as molecular biomarkers. The current study aims to evaluate the expression level of some critical miRNAs-mRNA axes in HRR pathway in tumors and plasma samples from BC patients. The expression levels of three multi-target miRNAs, including miR-182-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-498, as well as six downstream HRR-related protein-coding genes, have been investigated in the breast tumors and paired adjacent normal tissues by Real-time PCR. In the next step, based on the results derived from the previous step, we examined the level of cell-free miR-182-5p in the blood plasma samples from the patients. Our results highlight the difference between TNBC and non-TNBC tumor subgroups regarding the dysregulation of the key miRNA/mRNA axes involved in the HRR pathway. Also, for the first time, we show that the level of cell-free miR-182-5p in plasma samples from BC patients could be a clue for screening BC patients eligible for receiving PARP inhibitors through a personalized manner. Altogether, some sporadic BC patients, especially sporadic TNBC, have epigenetically dysregulated HRR pathway that could be identified and benefit from BRCAness-specific therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Darbeheshti
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Kadkhoda
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Bahramy
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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DICER1 mutations in primary central nervous system tumors: new insights into histologies, mutations, and prognosis. J Neurooncol 2022; 157:499-510. [PMID: 35384518 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-03994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to characterize clinical outcomes for adult and pediatric patients with primary CNS tumors harboring DICER1 mutations or loss of DICER1. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 98 patients who were treated between 1995 and 2020 for primary CNS tumors containing DICER1 mutations or loss of DICER1 on chromosome 14q, identified by targeted next generation sequencing. Kaplan-Meier plots and log rank tests were used to analyze survival. Cox proportional-hazards model was used for univariate and multivariable analyses for all-cause mortality (ACM). RESULTS Within our cohort, the most common malignancies were grade 3/4 glioma (61%), grade 1/2 glioma (17%), and CNS sarcoma (6%). Sarcoma and non-glioma histologies, and tumors with biallelic DICER1 mutations or deletions were common in the pediatric population. Mutations occurred throughout DICER1, including missense mutations in the DexD/H-box helicase, DUF283, RNaseIIIa, and RNaseIIIb domains. For patients with grade 3/4 glioma, MGMT methylation (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.35, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.16-0.73, p = 0.005), IDH1 R132 mutation (HR 0.11, 95% CI 0.03-0.41, p = 0.001), and missense mutation in the DexD/H-box helicase domain (HR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.38, p = 0.003) were independently associated with longer time to ACM on multivariable analyses. CONCLUSION DICER1 mutations or loss of DICER1 occur in diverse primary CNS tumors, including previously unrecognized grade 3/4 gliomas as the most common histology. While prior studies have described RNaseIIIb hotspot mutations, we document novel mutations in additional DICER1 functional domains. Within the grade 3/4 glioma cohort, missense mutation in the DexD/H-box helicase domain was associated with prolonged survival.
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Gupta S, Panda PK, Hashimoto RF, Samal SK, Mishra S, Verma SK, Mishra YK, Ahuja R. Dynamical modeling of miR-34a, miR-449a, and miR-16 reveals numerous DDR signaling pathways regulating senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4911. [PMID: 35318393 PMCID: PMC8941124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection of tumor suppressor miRNAs such as miR-34a, miR-449a, and miR-16 with DNA damage can regulate apoptosis and senescence in cancer cells. miR-16 has been shown to influence autophagy in cervical cancer. However, the function of miR-34a and miR-449a in autophagy remains unknown. The functional and persistent G1/S checkpoint signaling pathways in HeLa cells via these three miRNAs, either synergistically or separately, remain a mystery. As a result, we present a synthetic Boolean network of the functional G1/S checkpoint regulation, illustrating the regulatory effects of these three miRNAs. To our knowledge, this is the first synthetic Boolean network that demonstrates the advanced role of these miRNAs in cervical cancer signaling pathways reliant on or independent of p53, such as MAPK or AMPK. We compared our estimated probability to the experimental data and found reasonable agreement. Our findings indicate that miR-34a or miR-16 may control senescence, autophagy, apoptosis, and the functional G1/S checkpoint. Additionally, miR-449a can regulate just senescence and apoptosis on an individual basis. MiR-449a can coordinate autophagy in HeLa cells in a synergistic manner with miR-16 and/or miR-34a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Gupta
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Pritam Kumar Panda
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ronaldo F Hashimoto
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Shailesh Kumar Samal
- Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suman Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Suresh Kr Verma
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
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10
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Nwokwu CD, Xiao AY, Harrison L, Nestorova GG. Identification of microRNA-mRNA regulatory network associated with oxidative DNA damage in human astrocytes. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221101704. [PMID: 35570825 PMCID: PMC9118907 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high lipid content of the brain, coupled with its heavy oxygen dependence and relatively weak antioxidant system, makes it highly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage that contributes to neurodegeneration. This study is aimed at identifying specific ROS-responsive miRNAs that modulate the expression and activity of the DNA repair proteins in human astrocytes, which could serve as potential biomarkers and lead to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases. Oxidative DNA damage was established after treatment of human astrocytes with 10μM sodium dichromate for 16 h. Comet assay analysis indicated a significant increase in oxidized guanine lesions. RT-qPCR and ELISA assays confirmed that sodium dichromate reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of the human base-excision repair enzyme, 8-deoxyguanosine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1). Small RNAseq data were generated on an Ion Torrent™ system and the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using Partek Flow® software. The biologically significant miRNAs were selected using miRNet 2.0. Oxidative-stress-induced DNA damage was associated with a significant decrease in miRNA expression: 231 downregulated miRNAs and 2 upregulated miRNAs (p < 0.05; >2-fold). In addition to identifying multiple miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in DNA repair processes, this study uncovered a novel miRNA-mRNA pair interaction: miR-1248:OGG1. Inhibition of miR-1248 via the transfection of its inhibitor restored the expression levels of hOGG1. Therefore, targeting the identified microRNA candidates could ameliorate the nuclear DNA damage caused by the brain's exposure to mutagens, reduce the incidence and improve the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Y. Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Lynn Harrison
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Mahmoudi R, Saidijam M, Nikzad S, Tapak L, Alvandi M, Afshar S. Human exposure to low dose ionizing radiation affects miR-21 and miR-625 expression levels. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1321-1327. [PMID: 34797493 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently exposure to ionizing radiation driven by artificial radiation sources such as Medical X-rays and Nuclear medicine has increased hastily. Ionizing radiation-induced the DNA damage and activate the DNA damage response signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of miR-21 and miR-625 in response to low-dose ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the blood sample of 38 volunteer patients who underwent Cardiac scans before and after 99mTc-MIBI injection were used. The WBC of patients was used for RNA extraction and after cDNA synthesis by the poly-A method the expression level of miR-21 and miR-625 was evaluated by real-time PCR method. RESULTS The results of this study indicated that miR-21 and miR- 625 were significantly upregulated under exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation. The expression level of these miRNAs was not significantly correlated with the age and BMI of patients. More ever the bioinformatics analysis indicated that SP1 was a common target of both miRNAs and had the highest degree between hub genes. CONCLUSION In summary miR-21 and miR-625 can contribute to the response to acute low dose ionizing radiation by targeting the SP1. However further studies should be carried out on the molecular mechanism of effects of miR-21 and miR-625 in response to low dose ionizing radiation by targeting the SP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Safoora Nikzad
- Department of Medical Physics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Alvandi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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12
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Visser H, Thomas AD. MicroRNAs and the DNA damage response: How is cell fate determined? DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 108:103245. [PMID: 34773895 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming clear that the DNA damage response orchestrates an appropriate response to a given level of DNA damage, whether that is cell cycle arrest and repair, senescence or apoptosis. It is plausible that the alternative regulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) plays a role in deciding cell fate following damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with the transcriptional regulation of many cellular processes. They have diverse functions, affecting, presumably, all aspects of cell biology. Many have been shown to be DNA damage inducible and it is conceivable that miRNA species play a role in deciding cell fate following DNA damage by regulating the expression and activation of key DDR proteins. From a clinical perspective, miRNAs are attractive targets to improve cancer patient outcomes to DNA-damaging chemotherapy. However, cancer tissue is known to be, or to become, well adapted to DNA damage as a means of inducing chemoresistance. This frequently results from an altered DDR, possibly owing to miRNA dysregulation. Though many studies provide an overview of miRNAs that are dysregulated within cancerous tissues, a tangible, functional association is often lacking. While miRNAs are well-documented in 'ectopic biology', the physiological significance of endogenous miRNAs in the context of the DDR requires clarification. This review discusses miRNAs of biological relevance and their role in DNA damage response by potentially 'fine-tuning' the DDR towards a particular cell fate in response to DNA damage. MiRNAs are thus potential therapeutic targets/strategies to limit chemoresistance, or improve chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartwig Visser
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D Thomas
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom.
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13
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Ferragut Cardoso AP, Banerjee M, Nail AN, Lykoudi A, States JC. miRNA dysregulation is an emerging modulator of genomic instability. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:120-131. [PMID: 33979676 PMCID: PMC8576067 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genomic instability consists of a range of genetic alterations within the genome that contributes to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. It is a well-established characteristic of most cancer cells. Genome instability induction results from defects in DNA damage surveillance mechanisms, mitotic checkpoints and DNA repair machinery. Accumulation of genetic alterations ultimately sets cells towards malignant transformation. Recent studies suggest that miRNAs are key players in mediating genome instability. miRNAs are a class of small RNAs expressed in most somatic tissues and are part of the epigenome. Importantly, in many cancers, miRNA expression is dysregulated. Consequently, this review examines the role of miRNA dysregulation as a causal step for induction of genome instability and subsequent carcinogenesis. We focus specifically on mechanistic studies assessing miRNA(s) and specific subtypes of genome instability or known modes of genome instability. In addition, we provide insight on the existing knowledge gaps within the field and possible ways to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Ferragut Cardoso
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Mayukh Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Alexandra N Nail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Angeliki Lykoudi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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14
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Evans B, Furlong HA, de Lencastre A. Parkinson's disease and microRNAs - Lessons from model organisms and human studies. Exp Gerontol 2021; 155:111585. [PMID: 34634413 PMCID: PMC8596463 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, age-associated neurodegenerative disorder that affects an estimated 10 million people worldwide. PD is characterized by proteinaceous, cytoplasmic inclusions containing α-synuclein, called Lewy Bodies, which form in dopaminergic neurons in an age-dependent manner, and are associated with the emergence of characteristic PD symptoms such as resting tremor, rigidity, slow movements and postural instability. Although considerable progress has been made in recent years in identifying genetic and environmental factors that are associated with PD, early diagnosis and therapeutic options remain severely lacking. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as novel therapeutic targets in various diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. MiRNAs have been shown to play roles in various aging and neurodegenerative disease models across phyla. More recently, studies have identified specific roles for miRNAs and their targets in the pathogenesis and progression of PD in several model organisms. Here, we discuss the evolving field of miRNAs, their association with PD, and the outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Evans
- Department of Biological Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT 06518, USA
| | - Howard A Furlong
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT 06473, USA
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15
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Cargill M, Venkataraman R, Lee S. DEAD-Box RNA Helicases and Genome Stability. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1471. [PMID: 34680866 PMCID: PMC8535883 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DEAD-box RNA helicases are important regulators of RNA metabolism and have been implicated in the development of cancer. Interestingly, these helicases constitute a major recurring family of RNA-binding proteins important for protecting the genome. Current studies have provided insight into the connection between genomic stability and several DEAD-box RNA helicase family proteins including DDX1, DDX3X, DDX5, DDX19, DDX21, DDX39B, and DDX41. For each helicase, we have reviewed evidence supporting their role in protecting the genome and their suggested mechanisms. Such helicases regulate the expression of factors promoting genomic stability, prevent DNA damage, and can participate directly in the response and repair of DNA damage. Finally, we summarized the pathological and therapeutic relationship between DEAD-box RNA helicases and cancer with respect to their novel role in genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cargill
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
| | - Rasika Venkataraman
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stanley Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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16
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Torki Z, Ghavi D, Hashemi S, Rahmati Y, Rahmanpour D, Pornour M, Alivand MR. The related miRNAs involved in doxorubicin resistance or sensitivity of various cancers: an update. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:771-793. [PMID: 34510251 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective chemotherapy agent against a wide variety of tumors. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance diminishes the sensitivity of cancer cells to DOX, which leads to a cancer relapse and treatment failure. Resolutions to this challenge includes identification of the molecular pathways underlying DOX sensitivity/resistance and the development of innovative techniques to boost DOX sensitivity. DOX is classified as a Topoisomerase II poison, which is cytotoxic to rapidly dividing tumor cells. Molecular mechanisms responsible for DOX resistance include effective DNA repair and resumption of cell proliferation, deregulated development of cancer stem cell and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and modulation of programmed cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to potentiate the reversal of DOX resistance as they have gene-specific regulatory functions in DOX-responsive molecular pathways. Identifying the dysregulation patterns of miRNAs for specific tumors following treatment with DOX facilitates the development of novel combination therapies, such as nanoparticles harboring miRNA or miRNA inhibitors to eventually prevent DOX-induced chemoresistance. In this article, we summarize recent findings on the role of miRNAs underlying DOX sensitivity/resistance molecular pathways. Also, we provide latest strategies for utilizing deregulated miRNA patterns as biomarkers or miRNAs as tools to overcome chemoresistance and enhance patient's response to DOX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Torki
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davood Ghavi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Hashemi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yazdan Rahmati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dara Rahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Photo Healing and Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Peraza-Vega RI, Valverde M, Rojas E. miR-27b-3p a Negative Regulator of DSB-DNA Repair. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1333. [PMID: 34573315 PMCID: PMC8471791 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regulation of DNA repair mechanisms is of utmost importance to identify altered cellular processes that lead to diseases such as cancer through genomic instability. In this sense, miRNAs have shown a crucial role. Specifically, miR-27b-3 biogenesis has been shown to be induced in response to DNA damage, suggesting that this microRNA has a role in DNA repair. In this work, we show that the overexpression of miR-27b-3p reduces the ability of cells to repair DNA lesions, mainly double-stranded breaks (DSB), and causes the deregulation of genes involved in homologous recombination repair (HRR), base excision repair (BER), and the cell cycle. DNA damage was induced in BALB/c-3T3 cells, which overexpress miR-27b-3p, using xenobiotic agents with specific mechanisms of action that challenge different repair mechanisms to determine their reparative capacity. In addition, we evaluated the expression of 84 DNA damage signaling and repair genes and performed pathway enrichment analysis to identify altered cellular processes. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-27b-3p acts as a negative regulator of DNA repair when overexpressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emilio Rojas
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.I.P.-V.); (M.V.)
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18
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The Role of Oxidative Stress and the Importance of miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in the Development of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of blindness in developed countries. With the progressive aging of the population, AMD is a significant ophthalmological problem in the population over 50 years of age. The etiology of AMD is known to be based on various biochemical, immunological and molecular pathways and to be influenced by a range of genetic and environmental elements. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiological role of oxidative stress and free radicals in the retina with a special focus on the DNA repair efficiency and enzymatic antioxidant defense. It also presents a correlation between miRNA profile and AMD, and indicates their involvement in inflammation, angiogenesis, increased oxidation of cellular components, enzymatic antioxidant capacity and DNA repair efficiency, which play particularly important roles in AMD pathogenesis. Gene silencing by miRNAs can induce changes in antioxidant enzymes, leading to a complex interplay between redox imbalance by free radicals and miRNAs in modulating cellular redox homeostasis.
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19
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Non-canonical function of DGCR8 in DNA double-strand break repair signaling and tumor radioresistance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4033. [PMID: 34188037 PMCID: PMC8242032 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), repair proteins are recruited to the damaged sites. Ubiquitin signaling plays a critical role in coordinating protein recruitment during the DNA damage response. Here, we find that the microRNA biogenesis factor DGCR8 promotes tumor resistance to X-ray radiation independently of its Drosha-binding ability. Upon radiation, the kinase ATM and the deubiquitinase USP51 mediate the activation and stabilization of DGCR8 through phosphorylation and deubiquitination. Specifically, radiation-induced ATM-dependent phosphorylation of DGCR8 at serine 677 facilitates USP51 to bind, deubiquitinate, and stabilize DGCR8, which leads to the recruitment of DGCR8 and DGCR8’s binding partner RNF168 to MDC1 and RNF8 at DSBs. This, in turn, promotes ubiquitination of histone H2A, repair of DSBs, and radioresistance. Altogether, these findings reveal the non-canonical function of DGCR8 in DSB repair and suggest that radiation treatment may result in therapy-induced tumor radioresistance through ATM- and USP51-mediated activation and upregulation of DGCR8. The molecular mechanisms underlying cancer cell radioresistance need to be elucidated. In this study, the authors show that the microRNA biogenesis factor DGCR8 is stabilized by USP51 and ATM upon irradiation and by consequence it promotes the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and radioresistance by recruiting RNF168 to sites of damage.
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20
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Hemmings KE, Riches-Suman K, Bailey MA, O’Regan DJ, Turner NA, Porter KE. Role of MicroRNA-145 in DNA Damage Signalling and Senescence in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040919. [PMID: 33923614 PMCID: PMC8073820 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a significant clinical problem. Despite advancements in achieving good glycaemic control, this patient population remains susceptible to macrovascular complications. We previously discovered that vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) cultured from T2DM patients exhibit persistent phenotypic aberrancies distinct from those of individuals without a diagnosis of T2DM. Notably, persistently elevated expression levels of microRNA-145 co-exist with characteristics consistent with aging, DNA damage and senescence. We hypothesised that increased expression of microRNA-145 plays a functional role in DNA damage signalling and subsequent cellular senescence specifically in SMC cultured from the vasculature of T2DM patients. In this study, markers of DNA damage and senescence were unambiguously and permanently elevated in native T2DM versus non-diabetic (ND)-SMC. Exposure of ND cells to the DNA-damaging agent etoposide inflicted a senescent phenotype, increased expression of apical kinases of the DNA damage pathway and elevated expression levels of microRNA-145. Overexpression of microRNA-145 in ND-SMC revealed evidence of functional links between them; notably increased secretion of senescence-associated cytokines and chronic activation of stress-activated intracellular signalling pathways, particularly the mitogen-activated protein kinase, p38α. Exposure to conditioned media from microRNA-145 overexpressing cells resulted in chronic p38α signalling in naïve cells, evidencing a paracrine induction and reinforcement of cell senescence. We conclude that targeting of microRNA-145 may provide a route to novel interventions to eliminate DNA-damaged and senescent cells in the vasculature and to this end further detailed studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E. Hemmings
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.E.H.); (K.R.-S.); (M.A.B.); (N.A.T.)
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Kirsten Riches-Suman
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.E.H.); (K.R.-S.); (M.A.B.); (N.A.T.)
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Marc A. Bailey
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.E.H.); (K.R.-S.); (M.A.B.); (N.A.T.)
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - David J. O’Regan
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Yorkshire Heart Centre, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.E.H.); (K.R.-S.); (M.A.B.); (N.A.T.)
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Karen E. Porter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.E.H.); (K.R.-S.); (M.A.B.); (N.A.T.)
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Correspondence:
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21
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Murashko MM, Stasevich EM, Schwartz AM, Kuprash DV, Uvarova AN, Demin DE. The Role of RNA in DNA Breaks, Repair and Chromosomal Rearrangements. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040550. [PMID: 33918762 PMCID: PMC8069526 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorrect reparation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) leading to chromosomal rearrangements is one of oncogenesis's primary causes. Recently published data elucidate the key role of various types of RNA in DSB formation, recognition and repair. With growing interest in RNA biology, increasing RNAs are classified as crucial at the different stages of the main pathways of DSB repair in eukaryotic cells: nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology-directed repair (HDR). Gene mutations or variation in expression levels of such RNAs can lead to local DNA repair defects, increasing the chromosome aberration frequency. Moreover, it was demonstrated that some RNAs could stimulate long-range chromosomal rearrangements. In this review, we discuss recent evidence demonstrating the role of various RNAs in DSB formation and repair. We also consider how RNA may mediate certain chromosomal rearrangements in a sequence-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matvey Mikhailovich Murashko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Ekaterina Mikhailovna Stasevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Anton Markovich Schwartz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Department of Molecular and Biological Physics, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Vladimirovich Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Aksinya Nicolaevna Uvarova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Denis Eriksonovich Demin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Jin XH, Lu S, Wang AF. Expression and clinical significance of miR-4516 and miR-21-5p in serum of patients with colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:241. [PMID: 32293319 PMCID: PMC7087363 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to detect the expression and clinical significance of miR-4516 and miR-21-5p in serum of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the expression patterns of miR-4516 and miR-21-5p in colorectal cancer. A total of 80 patients with colorectal cancer, 65 patients with benign colorectal tumors and 50 healthy persons were selected. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression levels of serum miR-4516 and miR-21-5p before and after operation or postoperative recurrence. The correlation of miR-4516 and miR-21-5p expression levels with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of colorectal cancer was analyzed, and that with the patient’s survival was further examined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results MiR-4516 was poorly expressed in colorectal cancer in the preoperative group, and miR-21-5p was highly expressed. While in the postoperative group, miR-4516 was up-regulated, and miR-21-5p was down-regulated. The low expression of miR-4516 was shown to be related to TNM staging, invasion degree, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of the patients. Whereas the high expression of miR-21-5p was proved to be correlated with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high expression of miR-4516 or low expression of miR-21-5p could contribute to better overall survival. Conclusion Low miR-4516 or high miR-21-5p could be used as an independent risk factor for prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Han Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, China
| | - Sen Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ai-Fen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Nanhu District, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
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23
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Murphy MR, Kleiman FE. Connections between 3' end processing and DNA damage response: Ten years later. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2020; 11:e1571. [PMID: 31657151 PMCID: PMC7295566 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ten years ago we reviewed how the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is controlled by changes in the functional and structural properties of nuclear proteins, resulting in a timely coordinated control of gene expression that allows DNA repair. Expression of genes that play a role in DDR is regulated not only at transcriptional level during mRNA biosynthesis but also by changing steady-state levels due to turnover of the transcripts. The 3' end processing machinery, which is important in the regulation of mRNA stability, is involved in these gene-specific responses to DNA damage. Here, we review the latest mechanistic connections described between 3' end processing and DDR, with a special emphasis on alternative polyadenylation, microRNA and RNA binding proteins-mediated deadenylation, and discuss the implications of deregulation of these steps in DDR and human disease. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA-Based Catalysis > Miscellaneous RNA-Catalyzed Reactions RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Robert Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Biochemistry Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Frida Esther Kleiman
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Biochemistry Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
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Maidarti M, Anderson RA, Telfer EE. Crosstalk between PTEN/PI3K/Akt Signalling and DNA Damage in the Oocyte: Implications for Primordial Follicle Activation, Oocyte Quality and Ageing. Cells 2020; 9:E200. [PMID: 31947601 PMCID: PMC7016612 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of genome integrity in the mammalian female germline from primordial follicle arrest to activation of growth to oocyte maturation is fundamental to ensure reproductive success. As oocytes are formed before birth and may remain dormant for many years, it is essential that defence mechanisms are monitored and well maintained. The phosphatase and tensin homolog of chromosome 10 (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) is a major signalling pathway governing primordial follicle recruitment and growth. This pathway also contributes to cell growth, survival and metabolism, and to the maintenance of genomic integrity. Accelerated primordial follicle activation through this pathway may result in a compromised DNA damage response (DDR). Additionally, the distinct DDR mechanisms in oocytes may become less efficient with ageing. This review considers DNA damage surveillance mechanisms and their links to the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, impacting on the DDR during growth activation of primordial follicles, and in ovarian ageing. Targeting DDR mechanisms within oocytes may be of value in developing techniques to protect ovaries against chemotherapy and in advancing clinical approaches to regulate primordial follicle activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Maidarti
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.M.); (R.A.A.)
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Richard A. Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.M.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Evelyn E. Telfer
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
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25
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Tsegay PS, Lai Y, Liu Y. Replication Stress and Consequential Instability of the Genome and Epigenome. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213870. [PMID: 31717862 PMCID: PMC6864812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells must faithfully duplicate their DNA in the genome to pass their genetic information to the daughter cells. To maintain genomic stability and integrity, double-strand DNA has to be replicated in a strictly regulated manner, ensuring the accuracy of its copy number, integrity and epigenetic modifications. However, DNA is constantly under the attack of DNA damage, among which oxidative DNA damage is the one that most frequently occurs, and can alter the accuracy of DNA replication, integrity and epigenetic features, resulting in DNA replication stress and subsequent genome and epigenome instability. In this review, we summarize DNA damage-induced replication stress, the formation of DNA secondary structures, peculiar epigenetic modifications and cellular responses to the stress and their impact on the instability of the genome and epigenome mainly in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawlos S. Tsegay
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
| | - Yanhao Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Correspondence:
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Durut N, Mittelsten Scheid O. The Role of Noncoding RNAs in Double-Strand Break Repair. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1155. [PMID: 31611891 PMCID: PMC6776598 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Genome stability is constantly threatened by DNA lesions generated by different environmental factors as well as endogenous processes. If not properly and timely repaired, damaged DNA can lead to mutations or chromosomal rearrangements, well-known reasons for genetic diseases or cancer in mammals, or growth abnormalities and/or sterility in plants. To prevent deleterious consequences of DNA damage, a sophisticated system termed DNA damage response (DDR) detects DNA lesions and initiates DNA repair processes. In addition to many well-studied canonical proteins involved in this process, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules have recently been discovered as important regulators of the DDR pathway, extending the broad functional repertoire of ncRNAs to the maintenance of genome stability. These ncRNAs are mainly connected with double-strand breaks (DSBs), the most dangerous type of DNA lesions. The possibility to intentionally generate site-specific DSBs in the genome with endonucleases constitutes a powerful tool to study, in vivo, how DSBs are processed and how ncRNAs participate in this crucial event. In this review, we will summarize studies reporting the different roles of ncRNAs in DSB repair and discuss how genome editing approaches, especially CRISPR/Cas systems, can assist DNA repair studies. We will summarize knowledge concerning the functional significance of ncRNAs in DNA repair and their contribution to genome stability and integrity, with a focus on plants.
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27
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MicroRNA profiling and identification of let-7a as a target to prevent chemotherapy-induced primordial follicles apoptosis in mouse ovaries. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9636. [PMID: 31270341 PMCID: PMC6610114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatments as cyclophosphamide and its active metabolites are highly gonadotoxic leading to follicle apoptosis and depletion. Considering the risk of subsequent infertility, fertility preservation is recommended. Beside the germ cells and gametes cryopreservation options, ovarian pharmacological protection during treatment appears to be very attractive. Meanwhile, the advances in the field of oncology have brought microRNAs into spotlight as a potential feature of cancer treatment. Herein, we investigated miRNAs expressions in response to chemotherapy using postnatal-day-3 (PND3) mouse ovaries. Our results revealed that several miRNAs are differently expressed during chemotherapy exposure. Amongst them, let-7a was the most profoundly downregulated and targets genes involved in crucial cellular processes including apoptosis. Thus we developed a liposome-based system to deliver the let-7a mimic in whole PND3 ovaries in vitro. We showed that let-7a mimic prevented the upregulation of genes involved in cell death and reduced the chemotherapy-induced ovarian apoptosis, suggesting that it can be an interesting target to preserve ovarian function. However, its impact on subsequent follicular development has to be further elucidated in vivo using an appropriate delivery system. In this study, we demonstrated that miRNA replacement approaches can be a useful tool to reduce chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage in the future.
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28
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Wang T, Hao D, Yang S, Ma J, Yang W, Zhu Y, Weng M, An X, Wang X, Li Y, Wu D, Tang J, Yang C, He Y, Zhang L, Jin X, Wang G, Li Z, Zheng T, Meng H, Feng Y, Li X. miR-211 facilitates platinum chemosensitivity by blocking the DNA damage response (DDR) in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:495. [PMID: 31235732 PMCID: PMC6591289 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is one of the most important mechanisms of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. Some miRNAs have been identified to be involved in the regulatory network of DDR, thus the abnormal expression of miRNAs might affect platinum chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer. In this study, by assessing miRNAs simultaneously targeting a set of DDR genes that exhibited response to platinum, we found that miR-211 inhibited most of those genes, and proposed that miR-211 might affect the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to platinum by targeting multiple DDR genes and thereby determine the prognosis of ovarian cancer. To verify the hypothesis, we analyzed the association between miR-211 level and clinical prognosis, assessed the effect of miR-211 on DDR and platinum chemosensitivity, and explored the possible molecular mechanism. We revealed that miR-211 enhanced platinum chemosensitivity and was positively correlated with favorable outcomes in ovarian cancer patients. Many DDR genes including TDP1 were identified as targets of miR-211. In contrast, TDP1 suppressed DNA damage and platinum chemosensitivity. Moreover, the miR-211 level in tissues was shown to be associated with the good outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and negatively correlated with the expression of TDP1. Conclusively, we demonstrated that miR-211 improves the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients by enhancing the chemosensitivity of cancer cells to platinum via inhibiting DDR gene expression, which provides an essential basis to identify novel treatment targets to block DDR effectively and improve chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dapeng Hao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shucai Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jianhui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mingjiao Weng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiang An
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tongsen Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongxue Meng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University & Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Cancer Prevention and Control, School of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China.
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. .,North China Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center (NTMRC), Harbin, 150081, China.
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29
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Manoel-Caetano FS, Rossi AFT, Calvet de Morais G, Severino FE, Silva AE. Upregulation of the APE1 and H2AX genes and miRNAs involved in DNA damage response and repair in gastric cancer. Genes Dis 2019; 6:176-184. [PMID: 31194025 PMCID: PMC6545450 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, and most of the cases are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. This bacterium promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause DNA damage in gastric epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression of important genes involved in the recognition of DNA damage (ATM, ATR, and H2AX) and ROS-induced damage repair (APE1) and the expression of some miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-21, miR-24, miR-421 and miR-605) that target genes involved in the DNA damage response (DDR) in 31 fresh tissues of gastric cancer. Cytoscape v3.1.1 was used to construct the postulated miRNA:mRNA interaction network. Analysis performed by real-time quantitative PCR exhibited significantly increased levels of the APE1 (RQ = 2.55, p < 0.0001) and H2AX (RQ = 2.88, p = 0.0002) genes beyond the miR-421 and miR-605 in the gastric cancer samples. In addition, significantly elevated levels of miR-21, miR-24 and miR-421 were observed in diffuse-type gastric cancer. Correlation analysis reinforced some of the gene:gene (ATM/ATR/H2AX) and miRNA:mRNA relationships obtained also with the interaction network. Thus, our findings show that tumor cells from gastric cancer presents deregulation of genes and miRNAs that participate in the recognition and repair of DNA damage, which could confer an advantage to cell survival and proliferation in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Manoel-Caetano
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia T Rossi
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Calvet de Morais
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Eduardo Severino
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of Botucatu, Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, 18.618-687, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Elizabete Silva
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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30
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Sarkar SN, Russell AE, Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Porter KN, Simpkins JW. MicroRNAs and the Genetic Nexus of Brain Aging, Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Brain Trauma. Aging Dis 2019; 10:329-352. [PMID: 31011481 PMCID: PMC6457055 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and integrated gradual deterioration of cellular activities in specific organs of the body, which is associated with increased mortality. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, neurovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. There are nine tentative hallmarks of aging. In addition, several of these hallmarks are increasingly being associated with acute brain injury conditions. In this review, we consider the genes and their functional pathways involved in brain aging as a means of developing new strategies for therapies targeted to the neuropathological processes themselves, but also as targets for many age-related brain diseases. A single microRNA (miR), which is a short, non-coding RNA species, has the potential for targeting many genes simultaneously and, like practically all other cellular processes, genes associated with many features of brain aging and injury are regulated by miRs. We highlight how certain miRs can mediate deregulation of genes involved in neuroinflammation, acute neuronal injury and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we review the recent progress in the development of effective strategies to block specific miR functions and discuss future approaches with the prediction that anti-miR drugs may soon be used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumyendra N Sarkar
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Ashley E Russell
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Engler-Chiurazzi
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Keyana N Porter
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - James W Simpkins
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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31
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Jiang YJ, Zhong JH, Zhou ZH, Qiu MQ, Zhou XG, Liu YC, Huo RR, Liang XM, Chen Z, Lin QL, Yu XY, Yu HP. Association between polymorphisms in MicroRNA target sites of RAD51D genes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2545-2552. [PMID: 30883040 PMCID: PMC6536933 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RAD51D (RAD51L3) is a member of the RAD51 gene family which plays important roles in maintaining genomic stability and preventing DNA damage. This study is aimed to investigate the associations between RAD51D polymorphisms and the hereditary susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study we conducted a hospital–based case‐control study including 805 cases (HCC patients) and 846 controls (nontumor patients) in Guangxi, China. A total of two Single–nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12947947 and rs28363292 of RAD51D were selected and genotyped. Although we did not find two SNPs individually that had any significant main effect on risk of HCC, We found that the combined genotypes with 1‐2 risk genotypes were associated with significantly increased overall risk of HCC (OR = 1.462, 95% CI = 1.050‐2.036). According to the results of further stratification analysis, GT/GG genotype of rs28363292 increased HCC risk in zhuang people (OR = 3.913, 95% CI = 1.873‐8.175) and nonhepatitis B virus (HBV) infection population (OR = 1.774, 95% CI = 1.060‐2.969), the combined 1‐2 risk genotypes increased the risk of HCC in zhuang people (OR = 2.817, 95% CI = 1.532‐5.182) and non‐HBV infected population (OR = 1.567, 95% CI = 1.042‐2.358). Our results suggest that rs12947947 and rs28363292 polymorphisms may jointly contribute to the risk of HCC. Further large studies and functional studies are required to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ji Jiang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhong
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhou
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Mo-Qin Qiu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Guo Zhou
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying-Chun Liu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong-Rui Huo
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Liang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Lin
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang-Yuan Yu
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong-Ping Yu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
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32
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Krishnaraj J, Baba AB, Viswanathan P, Veeravarmal V, Balasubramanian V, Nagini S. Impact of stainless-steel welding fumes on proteins and non-coding RNAs regulating DNA damage response in the respiratory tract of Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:1231-1245. [PMID: 30507362 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1550027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence has established the negative impact of inhalation exposure to welding fumes on respiratory functions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of welding fume inhalation on expression of molecules that function as sensors, transducers and effectors of DNA damage response (DDR) in the respiratory tract of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were exposed to 50 mg/m3 stainless steel welding fumes for 1 h/d for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. Histological examination demonstrated preneoplastic changes in trachea and bronchi with focal atelectasis and accumulation of chromium (Cr) in the lungs. This was associated with elevated levels of DNA damage markers (8-oxodG, γH2AX), ATM phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, activation of homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), and Nrf2 signaling, as well as altered expression of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). However, after 12 weeks of exposure, DDR was compromised as reflected by resumption of the cell cycle, repair inhibition, and failure of apoptosis. Data demonstrate that exposure to welding fumes influences two crucial layers of DDR regulation, phosphorylation of key proteins in NHEJ and HR, as well as the ncRNAs that epigenetically modulate DDR. Evidence indicates that marked DNA damage coupled with non-productive DNA repair and apoptosis avoidance may be involved in neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Krishnaraj
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science , Annamalai University , Annamalainagar , TN , India
| | - Abdul Basit Baba
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science , Annamalai University , Annamalainagar , TN , India
| | - Periasamy Viswanathan
- b Division of Pathology, Rajah Muthiah Medical College & Hospital , Annamalai University , Annamalinagar , TN , India
| | - Veeran Veeravarmal
- c Division of Oral Pathology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College & Hospital , Annamalai University , Annamalinagar , TN , India
| | - Viswalingam Balasubramanian
- d Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Annamalai University , Annamalainagar , TN , India
| | - Siddavaram Nagini
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science , Annamalai University , Annamalainagar , TN , India
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33
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Wang D, Ling L, Zhang W, Bai Y, Shu Y, Guo C. Uncovering key small RNAs associated with gametocidal action in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4739-4756. [PMID: 29757397 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes can kill gametes that lack them by causing chromosomal breakage to ensure their preferential transmission, and they have been exploited in genetic breeding. The present study investigated the possible roles of small RNAs (sRNAs) in Gc action. By sequencing two small RNA libraries from the anthers of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) and the Chinese Spring-Gc 3C chromosome monosomic addition line (CS-3C), we identified 239 conserved and 72 putative novel miRNAs, including 135 differentially expressed miRNAs. These miRNAs were predicted to target multiple genes with various molecular functions relevant to the features of Gc action, including sterility and genome instability. The transgenic overexpression of miRNA, which was up-regulated in CS-3C, reduced rice fertility. The CS-3C line exhibited a genome-wide reduction in 24 nt siRNAs compared with that of the CS line, particularly in transposable element (TE) and repetitive DNA sequences. Corresponding to this reduction, the bisulfite sequencing analysis of four retro-TE sequences showed a decrease in CHH methylation, typical of RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). These results demonstrate that both miRNA-directed regulation of gene expression and siRNA-directed DNA methylation of target TE loci could play a role in Gc action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Ling
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
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Plantamura I, Cosentino G, Cataldo A. MicroRNAs and DNA-Damaging Drugs in Breast Cancer: Strength in Numbers. Front Oncol 2018; 8:352. [PMID: 30234015 PMCID: PMC6129576 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs playing key roles in cancer. Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy worldwide and is categorized into four molecular subtypes: luminal A and B, HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Despite the development of multiple targeted therapies for luminal and HER2+ breast tumors, TNBC lacks specific therapeutic approaches, thus they are treated mainly with radio- and chemotherapy. The effectiveness of these therapeutic regimens is based on their ability to induce DNA damage, which is differentially resolved and repaired by normal vs. cancer cells. Recently, drugs directly targeting DNA repair mechanisms, such as PARP inhibitors, have emerged as attractive candidates for the future molecular targeted-therapy in breast cancer. These compounds prevent cancer cells to appropriate repair DNA double strand breaks and induce a phenomenon called synthetic lethality, that results from the concurrent inhibition of PARP and the absence of functional BRCA genes which prompt cell death. MicroRNAs are relevant players in most of the biological processes including DNA damage repair mechanisms. Consistently, the downregulation of DNA repair genes by miRNAs have been probe to improve the therapeutic effect of genotoxic drugs. In this review, we discuss how microRNAs can sensitize cancer cells to DNA-damaging drugs, through the regulation of DNA repair genes, and examine the most recent findings on their possible use as a therapeutic tools of treatment response in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Plantamura
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Research Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Cosentino
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Research Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cataldo
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Research Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Differential miRNA expression profiling reveals miR-205-3p to be a potential radiosensitizer for low- dose ionizing radiation in DLD-1 cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26387-26405. [PMID: 29899866 PMCID: PMC5995186 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced radiosensitivity at low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) (0.2 to 0.6 Gy) has been reported in several cell lines. This phenomenon, known as low doses hyper-radiosensitivity (LDHRS), appears as an opportunity to decrease toxicity of radiotherapy and to enhance the effects of chemotherapy. However, the effect of low single doses IR on cell death is subtle and the mechanism underlying LDHRS has not been clearly explained, limiting the utility of LDHRS for clinical applications. To understand the mechanisms responsible for cell death induced by low-dose IR, LDHRS was evaluated in DLD-1 human colorectal cancer cells and the expression of 80 microRNAs (miRNAs) was assessed by qPCR array. Our results show that DLD-1 cells display an early DNA damage response and apoptotic cell death when exposed to 0.6 Gy. miRNA expression profiling identified 3 over-expressed (miR-205-3p, miR-1 and miR-133b) and 2 down-regulated miRNAs (miR-122-5p, and miR-134-5p) upon exposure to 0.6 Gy. This miRNA profile differed from the one in cells exposed to high-dose IR (12 Gy), supporting a distinct low-dose radiation-induced cell death mechanism. Expression of a mimetic miR-205-3p, the most overexpressed miRNA in cells exposed to 0.6 Gy, induced apoptotic cell death and, more importantly, increased LDHRS in DLD-1 cells. Thus, we propose miR-205-3p as a potential radiosensitizer to low-dose IR.
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Calses PC, Dhillon KK, Tucker N, Chi Y, Huang JW, Kawasumi M, Nghiem P, Wang Y, Clurman BE, Jacquemont C, Gafken PR, Sugasawa K, Saijo M, Taniguchi T. DGCR8 Mediates Repair of UV-Induced DNA Damage Independently of RNA Processing. Cell Rep 2017; 19:162-174. [PMID: 28380355 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a carcinogen that generates DNA lesions. Here, we demonstrate an unexpected role for DGCR8, an RNA binding protein that canonically functions with Drosha to mediate microRNA processing, in the repair of UV-induced DNA lesions. Treatment with UV induced phosphorylation on serine 153 (S153) of DGCR8 in both human and murine cells. S153 phosphorylation was critical for cellular resistance to UV, the removal of UV-induced DNA lesions, and the recovery of RNA synthesis after UV exposure but not for microRNA expression. The RNA-binding and Drosha-binding activities of DGCR8 were not critical for UV resistance. DGCR8 depletion was epistatic to defects in XPA, CSA, and CSB for UV sensitivity. DGCR8 physically interacted with CSB and RNA polymerase II. JNKs were involved in the UV-induced S153 phosphorylation. These findings suggest that UV-induced S153 phosphorylation mediates transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair of UV-induced DNA lesions in a manner independent of microRNA processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philamer C Calses
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific, HSB T-466, Seattle, WA 98195-7275, USA
| | - Kiranjit K Dhillon
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Nyka Tucker
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Yong Chi
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Jen-Wei Huang
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific, HSB T-466, Seattle, WA 98195-7275, USA
| | - Masaoki Kawasumi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109-4714, USA
| | - Paul Nghiem
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109-4714, USA
| | - Yemin Wang
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Bruce E Clurman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Celine Jacquemont
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Philip R Gafken
- Proteomics Core Facility, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., DE-352, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Kaoru Sugasawa
- Biosignal Research Center, Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masafumi Saijo
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 1-3, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Taniguchi
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA; Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
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miR-30e controls DNA damage-induced stress responses by modulating expression of the CDK inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 and caspase-3. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15915-29. [PMID: 26895377 PMCID: PMC4941286 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that usually cause gene silencing by translational repression or degradation of mRNAs, are implicated in DNA damage-induced stress responses. To identify senescence-associated miRNAs, we performed microarray analyses using wild-type and p53-deficient HCT116 colon carcinoma cells that following gamma-irradiation (γIR) are driven into senescence and apoptosis, respectively. Several miRNAs including miR-30e were found upregulated in a p53-dependent manner specifically in senescent cells, but not in apoptotic cells. Overexpression of miR-30e in HCT116 cells not only inhibited γIR-, etoposide- or miR-34a-induced caspase-3-like DEVDase activities and cell death, but greatly accelerated and augmented their senescent phenotype. Consistently, procaspase-3 protein, but not mRNA decreased in the presence of miR-30e, whereas expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 increased both at the mRNA and protein level. Performing luciferase reporter gene assays, we identified the 3′-UTR of the caspase-3 mRNA as a direct miR-30e target. In contrast, although miR-30e was unable to bind to the p21 mRNA, it increased expression of a luciferase construct containing the p21 promoter, suggesting that the miR-30e-mediated upregulation of p21 occurs indirectly at the transcriptional level. Interestingly, despite suppressing procaspase-3 expression, miR-30e was unable to protect RKO colon carcinoma cells from DNA damage-induced death or to induce senescence, as miR-30e completely fails to upregulate p21 in these cells. These data suggest that miR-30e functions in a cell type-dependent manner as an important molecular switch for DNA damage-induced stress responses and may thus represent a target of therapeutic value.
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The expression of miRNAs is associated with tumour genome instability and predicts the outcome of ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum agents. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14736. [PMID: 29116111 PMCID: PMC5677022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs, a class of short but stable noncoding RNA molecules, have been revealed to play important roles in the DNA damage response (DDR). However, their functions in cancer genome instability and the consequent clinical effect as the response to chemotherapy have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we utilized multidimensional TCGA data and the known miRNAs involved in DDR to identify a miRNA-regulatory network that responds to DNA damage. Additionally, based on the expression of ten miRNAs in this network, we developed a 10-miRNA-score that predicts defects in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway and genome instability in ovarian cancer. Importantly, consistent with the association between HR defects and improved response to chemotherapeutic agents, the 10-miRNA-score predicts the outcome of ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum agents, with a surprisingly better performance than the indexes of DNA damage. Therefore, our study demonstrates the implication of miRNA expression on cancer genome instability and provides an alternative method to identify DDR defects in patients who show the best effect with platinum drug treatment.
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Hong SY. DNA damage response is hijacked by human papillomaviruses to complete their life cycle. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:215-232. [PMID: 28271657 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is activated when DNA is altered by intrinsic or extrinsic agents. This pathway is a complex signaling network and plays important roles in genome stability, tumor transformation, and cell cycle regulation. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the main etiological agents of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most common cancer among women and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Over 200 types of HPVs have been identified and about one third of these infect the genital tract. The HPV life cycle is associated with epithelial differentiation. Recent studies have shown that HPVs deregulate the DDR to achieve a productive life cycle. In this review, I summarize current findings about how HPVs mediate the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) and the ATM-and RAD3-related kinase (ATR) DDRs, and focus on the roles that ATM and ATR signalings play in HPV viral replication. In addition, I demonstrate that the signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (STAT)-5, an important immune regulator, can promote ATM and ATR activations through different mechanisms. These findings may provide novel opportunities for development of new therapeutic targets for HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Hong
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Abstract
In modern molecular biology, RNA has emerged as a versatile macromolecule capable of mediating an astonishing number of biological functions beyond its role as a transient messenger of genetic information. The recent discovery and functional analyses of new classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have revealed their widespread use in many pathways, including several in the nucleus. This Review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear ncRNAs directly contribute to the maintenance of genome stability. We discuss how ncRNAs inhibit spurious recombination among repetitive DNA elements, repress mobilization of transposable elements (TEs), template or bridge DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during repair, and direct developmentally regulated genome rearrangements in some ciliates. These studies reveal an unexpected repertoire of mechanisms by which ncRNAs contribute to genome stability and even potentially fuel evolution by acting as templates for genome modification.
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Antoniali G, Malfatti MC, Tell G. Unveiling the non-repair face of the Base Excision Repair pathway in RNA processing: A missing link between DNA repair and gene expression? DNA Repair (Amst) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhu L, Sturgis EM, Lu Z, Zhang H, Wei P, Wei Q, Li G. Association between miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in double-strand break repair genes and risk of recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the non-oropharynx. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:432-438. [PMID: 28334093 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms at miRNA-binding sites may affect miRNA-mediated gene regulation. Thus, miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in double-strand break (DSB) repair genes may affect DNA repair capacity, which in turn could affect cancer prognosis. To determine whether miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in DSB repair genes are associated with the risk of recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the non-oropharynx (SCCNOP), we used a log-rank test and multivariable Cox models to evaluate the associations between miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in DSB repair genes and SCCNOP recurrence. Compared with patients without common homozygous genotypes, patients with the variant genotypes of ATM rs227091, LIG3 rs4796030, and RAD51 rs7180135 had significantly better disease-free survival (DFS) (log-rank P = 0.046, 0.002, and 0.041, respectively) and lower risk of disease recurrence [HR (95% CI) = 0.7 (0.6-0.9), 0.6 (0.5-0.9), and 0.7 (0.6-0.9), respectively]. Furthermore, patients with the variant genotypes of these 3 polymorphisms had significantly lower recurrence risk than those without common homozygous genotypes did [HR = 0.3 (95% CI = 0.2-0.7)]. Among patients who received chemoradiation, those with the individual or combined variant genotypes of the three polymorphisms had a significantly lower risk of disease recurrence than those with the individual or combined common homozygous genotypes did. The individual or combined variant genotypes of the ATM rs227091, LIG3 rs4796030, and RAD51 rs7180135 polymorphisms significantly modify the risk of SCCNOP recurrence, particularly for patients treated with chemoradiation. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings to enable more effective personalized treatment for SCCNOP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Lu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, FCT4.6044, Houston, TX 77030, USA and
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Sha HH, Wang DD, Chen D, Liu SW, Wang Z, Yan DL, Dong SC, Feng JF. MiR-138: A promising therapeutic target for cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317697575. [PMID: 28378633 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317697575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expressions at post-transcriptional level by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNAs. Growing evidences highlight their pivotal roles in various biological processes of human cancers. Among them, miR-138, generating from two primary transcripts, pri-miR-138-1 and pri-miR-138-2, expresses aberrantly in different cancers and is extensively studied in cancer network. Importantly, studies have shown that miR-138 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting many target genes, which are related to proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Additionally, some researches also discover that miR-138 can sensitize tumors to chemotherapies. In this review, we summarize the expression of miR-138 on regulatory mechanisms and tumor biological processes, which will establish molecular basis on the usage of miR-138 in clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Sha
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- 2 The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- 3 Research Center of Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Wen Liu
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- 2 The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Li Yan
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Chen Dong
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji-Feng Feng
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Novel Implications in Molecular Diagnosis of Lynch Syndrome. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:2595098. [PMID: 28250766 PMCID: PMC5303590 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2595098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
About 10% of total colorectal cancers are associated with known Mendelian inheritance, as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and Lynch syndrome (LS). In these cancer types the clinical manifestations of disease are due to mutations in high-risk alleles, with a penetrance at least of 70%. The LS is associated with germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. However, the mutation detection analysis of these genes does not always provide informative results for genetic counseling of LS patients. Very often, the molecular analysis reveals the presence of variants of unknown significance (VUSs) whose interpretation is not easy and requires the combination of different analytical strategies to get a proper assessment of their pathogenicity. In some cases, these VUSs may make a more substantial overall contribution to cancer risk than the well-assessed severe Mendelian variants. Moreover, it could also be possible that the simultaneous presence of these genetic variants in several MMR genes that behave as low risk alleles might contribute in a cooperative manner to increase the risk of hereditary cancer. In this paper, through a review of the recent literature, we have speculated a novel inheritance model in the Lynch syndrome; this could pave the way toward new diagnostic perspectives.
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Fang Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Li Y, Huang C, Lu X. MicroRNAs in DNA Damage Response, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 333:1-49. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Krause CJ, Popp O, Thirunarayanan N, Dittmar G, Lipp M, Müller G. MicroRNA-34a promotes genomic instability by a broad suppression of genome maintenance mechanisms downstream of the oncogene KSHV-vGPCR. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10414-32. [PMID: 26871287 PMCID: PMC4891129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded chemokine receptor vGPCR acts as an oncogene in Kaposi's sarcomagenesis. Until now, the molecular mechanisms by which the vGPCR contributes to tumor development remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that the KSHV-vGPCR contributes to tumor progression through microRNA (miR)-34a-mediated induction of genomic instability. Large-scale analyses on the DNA, gene and protein level of cell lines derived from a mouse model of vGPCR-driven tumorigenesis revealed that a vGPCR–induced upregulation of miR-34a resulted in a broad suppression of genome maintenance genes. A knockdown of either the vGPCR or miR-34a largely restored the expression of these genes and confirmed miR-34a as a downstream effector of the KSHV-vGPCR that compromises genome maintenance mechanisms. This novel, protumorigenic role of miR-34a questions the use of miR-34a mimetics in cancer therapy as they could impair genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia J Krause
- Molecular Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Oliver Popp
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nanthakumar Thirunarayanan
- Molecular Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lipp
- Molecular Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Müller
- Molecular Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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47
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Majidinia M, Yousefi B. DNA damage response regulation by microRNAs as a therapeutic target in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 47:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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48
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MiR-10b decreases sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiation by targeting AKT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:14. [PMID: 27347488 PMCID: PMC4921021 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-016-0051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioblastomas are the most aggressive brain tumors with extremely poor prognosis despite advances in treatment techniques. MiR-10b is highly expressed in glioblastoma and regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Here, we examined the role of MiR-10b on radiotherapy of glioblastomas. Methods MiR-10b mimic or anti-MiR-10b inhibitor was transfected in glioblastoma cells. WST-1 assay was used to examine the effect of MiR-10b on proliferation of transfected glioblastoma cells after radiation treatment. Apoptosis was examined by caspase 3/7 activity and TUNEL assay. The western blot was used to evaluate protein expression. Results Altered expression of MiR-10b changed the radiation-induced inhibitory effect on proliferation of glioblastoma cells with dose-dependent manner. MiR-10b decreased radiation-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by activation of caspase 3/7 and inhibition Bcl-2 expression. MiR-10b enhances migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells in presence of radiation. In addition, MiR-10b decreased the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiotherapy by activation of p-AKT expression. Conclusions MiR-10b might be a potential biomarker to predict radiotherapy response and prognosis in glioblastomas.
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49
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Datta J, Islam M, Dutta S, Roy S, Pan Q, Teknos TN. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid inhibits growth of head and neck cancer cell lines by reactivation of tumor suppressor microRNAs. Oral Oncol 2016; 56:32-9. [PMID: 27086484 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND microRNAs negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Mounting evidence shows that miR expression is deregulated in human cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor miRs may be re-expressed upon treatment with histone deacetylases inhibitors. Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that is currently being investigated in clinical trials for HNSCC. We hypothesized that SAHA will re-express a set of tumor suppressor miRs and enhance the efficacy of cisplatin and radiation in HNSCC. RESULTS In this study, miR expression profile was utilized to identify the tumor suppressor miRs that are re-expressed following SAHA treatment in HNSCC. Our data demonstrated that two tumor suppressor miRs, miR-107 and miR-138, were significantly up-regulated in CAL27 and SCC25 cell lines, following SAHA treatment. In addition to this, treatment with SAHA in a dose dependent manner significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, cell migration, and anchorage dependent clonogenic survival in CAL27 and SCC25 cell lines, respectively. Further, the expression of several oncogenes, PKCε, HIF1β, CDK6, and RhoC were down regulated in response to SAHA treatment. Additionally, we demonstrated that the combination treatment with SAHA and a chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin caused a significant reduction of cell growth compared to the single agent treatment. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that SAHA treatment results in reactivation of the silenced tumor suppressor miRs. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the usefulness of this drug as a novel combination therapy for HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jharna Datta
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Mozaffarul Islam
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Samidha Dutta
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sounak Roy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Quintin Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Theodoros N Teknos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Giono LE, Nieto Moreno N, Cambindo Botto AE, Dujardin G, Muñoz MJ, Kornblihtt AR. The RNA Response to DNA Damage. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:2636-2651. [PMID: 26979557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms must ensure genome integrity to prevent accumulation of mutations, cell death, and cancer. The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex network that senses, signals, and executes multiple programs including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. This entails regulation of a variety of cellular processes: DNA replication and transcription, RNA processing, mRNA translation and turnover, and post-translational modification, degradation, and relocalization of proteins. Accumulated evidence over the past decades has shown that RNAs and RNA metabolism are both regulators and regulated actors of the DDR. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the many interactions between the DNA damage and RNA fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana E Giono
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Nieto Moreno
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián E Cambindo Botto
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gwendal Dujardin
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centre for Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel J Muñoz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto R Kornblihtt
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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