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Zhang C, Yang P, Chen Y, Liu J, Yuan X. Expression of DACT1 in children with asthma and its regulation mechanism. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2674-2680. [PMID: 29456669 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to detect DACT1 expression levels in the lungs of children with asthma, and to investigate its role and molecular mechanisms in regulating the expression of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. DACT1, DACT2 and DACT3 expression was analyzed in biopsy specimens from 10 cases of newly diagnosed children with asthma and 10 healthy controls by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and their expression was confirmed in RAW264.7 cells. DACT1 expression was silenced by small interfering RNA or enhanced by transfection of pcDNA-3.1-DACT1 in RAW264.7 cells, and expression of β-catenin and inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL) 5, IL6 and IL13, was analyzed. Nuclear translocation of β-catenin was detected by western blot analysis, and the effect of DACT1 on β-catenin was investigated with rescue experiments. Regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway by DACT1 and β-catenin was analyzed in RAW264.7 cells after recombinant Wnt5A stimulation. DACT1, DACT2 and DACT3 were significantly upregulated in specimens from children with asthma compared with controls (P<0.05) and the expression of DACT1 was significantly more increased compared with DACT2 and DACT3 (P<0.05). Inhibition of DACT1 expression significantly suppressed IL5, IL6 and IL13 mRNA expression levels compared with the control (P<0.05), while upregulated DACT1 expression significantly increased IL5, IL6 and IL13 mRNA expression (P<0.05). DACT1 inhibited the expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, while overexpression of β-catenin significantly inhibited the biological function of DACT1 (P<0.05). Overexpression of β-catenin also significantly suppressed the upregulation of IL5, IL6 and IL13 mRNA induced by pcDNA3.1-DACT1 transfection (P<0.05). Following the addition of Wnt5A, overexpression of DACT1 inhibited the expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, and upregulated IL5, IL6 and IL13 mRNA expression. In conclusion, DACT1 was indicated to be upregulated in lung tissues from children with asthma, which could induce higher pro-inflammatory factor expression. DACT1 may act via inhibiting the expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, a factor in the Wnt signaling pathway. The present results suggested that DACT1 may be a potential target for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunxue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Peili Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Xiutai Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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Mulligan KA, Cheyette BNR. Neurodevelopmental Perspectives on Wnt Signaling in Psychiatry. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2017; 2:219-246. [PMID: 28277568 DOI: 10.1159/000453266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that Wnt signaling is relevant to pathophysiology of diverse mental illnesses including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. In the 35 years since Wnt ligands were first described, animal studies have richly explored how downstream Wnt signaling pathways affect an array of neurodevelopmental processes and how their disruption can lead to both neurological and behavioral phenotypes. Recently, human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models have begun to contribute to this literature while pushing it in increasingly translational directions. Simultaneously, large-scale human genomic studies are providing evidence that sequence variation in Wnt signal pathway genes contributes to pathogenesis in several psychiatric disorders. This article reviews neurodevelopmental and postneurodevelopmental functions of Wnt signaling, highlighting mechanisms, whereby its disruption might contribute to psychiatric illness, and then reviews the most reliable recent genetic evidence supporting that mutations in Wnt pathway genes contribute to psychiatric illness. We are proponents of the notion that studies in animal and hiPSC models informed by the human genetic data combined with the deep knowledge base and tool kits generated over the last several decades of basic neurodevelopmental research will yield near-term tangible advances in neuropsychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Mulligan
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin N R Cheyette
- Department of Psychiatry, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Okerlund ND, Stanley RE, Cheyette BNR. The Planar Cell Polarity Transmembrane Protein Vangl2 Promotes Dendrite, Spine and Glutamatergic Synapse Formation in the Mammalian Forebrain. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2016; 2:107-14. [PMID: 27606324 DOI: 10.1159/000446778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The transmembrane protein Vangl2, a key regulator of the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, is involved in dendrite arbor elaboration, dendritic spine formation and glutamatergic synapse formation in mammalian central nervous system neurons. Cultured forebrain neurons from Vangl2 knockout mice have simpler dendrite arbors, fewer total spines, less mature spines and fewer glutamatergic synapse inputs on their dendrites than control neurons. Neurons from mice heterozygous for a semidominant Vangl2 mutation have similar but not identical phenotypes, and these phenotypes are also observed in Golgi-stained brain tissue from adult mutant mice. Given increasing evidence linking psychiatric pathophysiology to these subneuronal sites and structures, our findings underscore the relevance of core PCP proteins including Vangl2 to the underlying biology of major mental illnesses and their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Okerlund
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif., USA; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif., USA
| | - Robert E Stanley
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif., USA; Tetrad Graduate Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif., USA
| | - Benjamin N R Cheyette
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif., USA; Tetrad Graduate Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif., USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, Calif., USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, Calif., USA
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Xing Q, Xu Z, Zhu Y, Wang X, Wang J, Chen D, Xu Y, He X, Xiang H, Wang B, Cao Y. Genetic analysis of DACT1 in 100 Chinese Han women with Müllerian duct anomalies. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 32:420-6. [PMID: 26856455 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dapper antagonist of catenin-1 (DACT1) plays an important role in embryogenesis and organogenesis of the female reproductive tract in mouse models. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between DACT1 mutations and human Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA). One hundred clinically well-defined Chinese Han patients with MDA and 200 healthy controls were recruited in this study. All four exons coding for DACT1 were amplified and sequenced. A missense mutation (c.G1084A, p.V362M) was identified in a patient who had a didelphic uterus and was absent from the control group. This variant changed the hydrophilicity of the amino acid residue and was predicted to be deleterious to the structure and function of DACT1 protein. The data indicate that the p.V362M mutation of DACT1 may be an underlying cause of MDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xing
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Zuying Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xi Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Huifen Xiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei 230022, China.
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Stanko JP, Easterling MR, Fenton SE. Application of Sholl analysis to quantify changes in growth and development in rat mammary gland whole mounts. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 54:129-35. [PMID: 25463529 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Studies that utilize the rodent mammary gland (MG) as an endpoint for assessing the developmental toxicity of chemical exposures typically employ either basic dimensional measurements or developmental scoring of morphological characteristics as a means to quantify MG development. There are numerous means by which to report these developmental changes, leading to inconsistent translation across laboratories. The Sholl analysis is a method historically used for quantifying neuronal dendritic patterns. The present study describes the use of the Sholl analysis to quantify MG branching characteristics. Using this method, we were able to detect significant differences in branching density in MG of peripubertal female Sprague Dawley rats that had been exposed to vehicle or a potent estrogen. These data suggest the Sholl analysis can be an effective tool for quantitatively measuring an important characteristic of MG development and for examining associations between MG growth and density and adverse effects in the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Stanko
- National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | | | - Suzanne E Fenton
- National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
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