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Wakeman M. A Literature Review of the Potential Impact of Medication on Vitamin D Status. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:3357-3381. [PMID: 34421316 PMCID: PMC8373308 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s316897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in media coverage of the putative actions of vitamin D as well as the possible health benefits that supplementation might deliver. However, the potential effect that medications may have on the vitamin D status is rarely taken into consideration. This literature review was undertaken to assess the degree to which vitamin D status may be affected by medication. Electronic databases were searched to identify literature relating to this subject, and study characteristics and conclusions were scrutinized for evidence of potential associations. The following groups of drugs were identified in one or more studies to affect vitamin D status in some way: anti-epileptics, laxatives, metformin, loop diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, statins, calcium channel blockers, antagonists of vitamin K, platelet aggregation inhibitors, digoxin, potassium-sparing diuretics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, proton pump inhibitors, histamine H2-receptor antagonists, bile acid sequestrants, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, sulphonamides and urea derivatives, lipase inhibitors, hydroxychloroquine, highly active antiretroviral agents, and certain chemotherapeutic agents. Given that the quality of the data is heterogeneous, newer, more robustly designed studies are required to better define likely interactions between vitamin D and medications. This is especially so for cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme (CYP3A4)-metabolized medications. Nevertheless, this review suggests that providers of health care ought to be alert to the potential of vitamin D depletions induced by medications, especially in elderly people exposed to multiple-drug therapy, and to provide supplementation if required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wakeman
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
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2
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Israel A, Schäffer AA, Cicurel A, Cheng K, Sinha S, Schiff E, Feldhamer I, Tal A, Lavie G, Ruppin E. Identification of drugs associated with reduced severity of COVID-19 - a case-control study in a large population. eLife 2021; 10:e68165. [PMID: 34313216 PMCID: PMC8321549 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Until coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) drugs specifically developed to treat COVID-19 become more widely accessible, it is crucial to identify whether existing medications have a protective effect against severe disease. Toward this objective, we conducted a large population study in Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest healthcare provider in Israel, insuring over 4.7 million members. Methods Two case-control matched cohorts were assembled to assess which medications, acquired in the last month, decreased the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization. Case patients were adults aged 18 to 95 hospitalized for COVID-19. In the first cohort, five control patients, from the general population, were matched to each case (n=6202); in the second cohort, two non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 positive control patients were matched to each case (n=6919). The outcome measures for a medication were: odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization, 95% confidence interval (CI), and the p-value, using Fisher's exact test. False discovery rate was used to adjust for multiple testing. Results Medications associated with most significantly reduced odds for COVID-19 hospitalization include: ubiquinone (OR=0.185, 95% CI [0.058 to 0.458], p<0.001), ezetimibe (OR=0.488, 95% CI [0.377 to 0.622], p<0.001), rosuvastatin (OR=0.673, 95% CI [0.596 to 0.758], p<0.001), flecainide (OR=0.301, 95% CI [0.118 to 0.641], p<0.001), and vitamin D (OR=0.869, 95% CI [0.792 to 0.954], p<0.003). Remarkably, acquisition of artificial tears, eye care wipes, and several ophthalmological products were also associated with decreased risk for hospitalization. Conclusions Ubiquinone, ezetimibe, and rosuvastatin, all related to the cholesterol synthesis pathway were associated with reduced hospitalization risk. These findings point to a promising protective effect which should be further investigated in controlled, prospective studies. Funding This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, NCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Israel
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health ServicesTel AvivIsrael
| | - Alejandro A Schäffer
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Assi Cicurel
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health ServicesTel AvivIsrael
- Clalit Health Services, Southern District and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-ShevaIsrael
| | - Kuoyuan Cheng
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Sanju Sinha
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Eyal Schiff
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv UniversityRamat GanIsrael
| | - Ilan Feldhamer
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health ServicesTel AvivIsrael
| | - Ameer Tal
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health ServicesTel AvivIsrael
| | - Gil Lavie
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health ServicesTel AvivIsrael
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
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Israel A, Schäffer AA, Cicurel A, Feldhamer I, Tal A, Cheng K, Sinha S, Schiff E, Lavie G, Ruppin E. Identification of drugs associated with reduced severity of COVID-19: A case-control study in a large population. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021:2020.10.13.20211953. [PMID: 33083810 PMCID: PMC7574266 DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.13.20211953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until COVID-19 drugs specifically developed to treat COVID-19 become more widely accessible, it is crucial to identify whether existing medications have a protective effect against severe disease. Towards this objective, we conducted a large population study in Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest healthcare provider in Israel, insuring over 4.7 million members. METHODS Two case-control matched cohorts were assembled to assess which medications, acquired in the last month, decreased the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization. Case patients were adults aged 18-95 hospitalized for COVID-19. In the first cohort, five control patients, from the general population, were matched to each case (n=6202); in the second cohort, two non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 positive control patients were matched to each case (n=6919). The outcome measures for a medication were: odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization, 95% confidence interval (CI), and the p-value, using Fisher's exact test. False discovery rate was used to adjust for multiple testing. RESULTS Medications associated with most significantly reduced odds for COVID-19 hospitalization include: ubiquinone (OR=0.185, 95% CI (0.058 to 0.458), p<0.001), ezetimibe (OR=0.488, 95% CI ((0.377 to 0.622)), p<0.001), rosuvastatin (OR=0.673, 95% CI (0.596 to 0.758), p<0.001), flecainide (OR=0.301, 95% CI (0.118 to 0.641), p<0.001), and vitamin D (OR=0.869, 95% CI (0.792 to 0.954), p<0.003). Remarkably, acquisition of artificial tears, eye care wipes, and several ophthalmological products were also associated with decreased risk for hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Ubiquinone, ezetimibe and rosuvastatin, all related to the cholesterol synthesis pathway were associated with reduced hospitalization risk. These findings point to a promising protective effect which should be further investigated in controlled, prospective studies. FUNDING This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, NCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Israel
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv 62098, Israel
| | - Alejandro A. Schäffer
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Assi Cicurel
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv 62098, Israel
- Clalit Health Services, Southern District and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Ilan Feldhamer
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv 62098, Israel
| | - Ameer Tal
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv 62098, Israel
| | - Kuoyuan Cheng
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Sanju Sinha
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Eyal Schiff
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Gil Lavie
- Division of Planning and Strategy, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv 62098, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
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Alaidarous TA, Alkahtani NM, Aljuraiban GS, Abulmeaty MMA. Impact of the Glycemic Control and Duration of Type 2 Diabetes on Vitamin D Level and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:8431976. [PMID: 32149154 PMCID: PMC7054776 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8431976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To investigate the impact of glycemic control and T2D duration on vitamin D status and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among Saudi patients. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia. A total of 25 nondiabetic controls and 92 patients with confirmed T2D, aged 20-60 years, were included. Patients with T2D were divided into the following groups based on disease duration (newly diagnosed: ≈6 months and long duration: ≥5 years) and glycemic control based on their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) level with a threshold of ≤0.053 mol/mol: newly diagnosed controlled (NC, n = 25), newly diagnosed uncontrolled (NU, n = 25), newly diagnosed uncontrolled (NU, n = 25), newly diagnosed uncontrolled (NU, n = 25), newly diagnosed uncontrolled (NU. RESULTS Our study showed that T2D duration was an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency. The longer disease duration, the lower odds of being vitamin D deficient (odds ratio (OR) = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01-0.29, p < 0.05). No significant association was observed between vitamin D and HbA1C levels. In the NU group, CVD risk scores were directly correlated with serum 25(OH)D (r = 0.53, p < 0.05). No significant association was observed between vitamin D and HbA1C levels. In the NU group, CVD risk scores were directly correlated with serum 25(OH)D (r = 0.53, p < 0.05). No significant association was observed between vitamin D and HbA1C levels. In the NU group, CVD risk scores were directly correlated with serum 25(OH)D (. CONCLUSION Duration of diabetes rather than glycemic control is associated with vitamin D deficiency. Glycemic uncontrol may augment vitamin D deficiency-associated CVD risk in both newly diagnosed and old patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuraya A. Alaidarous
- Clinical Nutrition Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura M. Alkahtani
- Department of Endocrinology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. A. Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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5
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Ko HHT, Lareu RR, Dix BR, Hughes JD, Parsons RW. A sequence symmetry analysis of the interrelationships between statins, diabetes and skin infections. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 85:2559-2567. [PMID: 31595525 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine statins' impact on skin infection risk in view of conflicting literature: that statins may reduce infection risk, but are also associated with diabetes mellitus, a risk factor for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). METHODS Sequence symmetry analysis was performed on prescription claims (2001-2011) from the Australian Department of Veterans' Affairs to determine the interrelationships between: (i) statins and SSTIs; (ii) statins and diabetes; and (iii) diabetes and SSTIs; as well as whether statins increased the risk of SSTIs, independent of diabetes status. Chi-square tests were performed to detect differences in Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage scores of patients within each interrelationship. Prescriptions for statins, antidiabetic medication, and antistaphylococcal antibiotics were evaluated using nonidentifiable client numbers, prescription dates filled, residential electorates, and pharmaceutical codes. Adjusted sequence ratio and confidence interval were calculated at intervals of 91, 182 and 365 days for sequence symmetry analysis studies. RESULTS Statins were associated with: (i) significant SSTI risk (adjusted sequence ratio > 1; confidence interval >1), (ii) significant diabetes risk, and (iii) diabetic patients had increased risk of SSTIs. Diabetic and nondiabetic statin users had significantly increased risks of SSTIs, while the influence from socioeconomic status was not significant for each of the 3 relationships. CONCLUSIONS Statins are associated with increased risk of SSTIs via direct and indirect mechanisms, probably independent of diabetes or socioeconomic statuses. We believe that clinicians should be aware of the association between statins and SSTIs, and, where appropriate, monitor blood glucose levels of statin users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humphrey H T Ko
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI) Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ricky R Lareu
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI) Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brett R Dix
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeffery D Hughes
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard W Parsons
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review addresses recent developments in studies of lipid regulation of calcific disease of arteries and cardiac valves, including the role of nuclear receptors. The role of lipid-soluble signals and their receptors is timely given the recent evidence and concerns that lipid-lowering treatment may increase the rate of progression of coronary artery calcification, which has been long associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Understanding the mechanisms will be important for interpreting such clinical information. RECENT FINDINGS New findings support regulation of calcific vascular and valvular disease by nuclear receptors, including the vitamin D receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, nutrient-sensing nuclear receptors (liver X receptor, farnesoid X receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors), and sex hormone (estrogen and androgen) receptors. There were two major unexpected findings: first, vitamin D supplementation, which was previously believed to prevent or reduce vascular calcification, showed no cardiovascular benefit in large randomized, controlled trials. Second, both epidemiological studies and coronary intravascular ultrasound studies suggest that treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors increases progression of coronary artery calcification, raising a question of whether there are mechanically stable and unstable forms of coronary calcification. SUMMARY For clinical practice and research, these new findings offer new fundamental mechanisms for vascular calcification and provide new cautionary insights for therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Sallam
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Yin Tintut
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Linda L. Demer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
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7
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Mohn ES, Kern HJ, Saltzman E, Mitmesser SH, McKay DL. Evidence of Drug-Nutrient Interactions with Chronic Use of Commonly Prescribed Medications: An Update. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E36. [PMID: 29558445 PMCID: PMC5874849 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term use of prescription and over-the-counter drugs can induce subclinical and clinically relevant micronutrient deficiencies, which may develop gradually over months or even years. Given the large number of medications currently available, the number of research studies examining potential drug-nutrient interactions is quite limited. A comprehensive, updated review of the potential drug-nutrient interactions with chronic use of the most often prescribed medications for commonly diagnosed conditions among the general U.S. adult population is presented. For the majority of the interactions described in this paper, more high-quality intervention trials are needed to better understand their clinical importance and potential consequences. A number of these studies have identified potential risk factors that may make certain populations more susceptible, but guidelines on how to best manage and/or prevent drug-induced nutrient inadequacies are lacking. Although widespread supplementation is not currently recommended, it is important to ensure at-risk patients reach their recommended intakes for vitamins and minerals. In conjunction with an overall healthy diet, appropriate dietary supplementation may be a practical and efficacious way to maintain or improve micronutrient status in patients at risk of deficiencies, such as those taking medications known to compromise nutritional status. The summary evidence presented in this review will help inform future research efforts and, ultimately, guide recommendations for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Mohn
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Hua J Kern
- Nutrition & Scientific Affairs, Nature's Bounty Co., Ronkonkoma, NY 11779, USA.
| | - Edward Saltzman
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Susan H Mitmesser
- Nutrition & Scientific Affairs, Nature's Bounty Co., Ronkonkoma, NY 11779, USA.
| | - Diane L McKay
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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8
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Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Fischer K, Orav EJ, Dawson-Hughes B, Meyer U, Chocano-Bedoya PO, Meyer OW, Ernst R, Schietzel S, Eberli F, Staehelin HB, Freystätter G, Roas S, Theiler R, Egli A, Wilson NM. Statin Use and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Blood Level Response to Vitamin D Treatment of Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2017; 65:1267-1273. [PMID: 28240766 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether statin use alters response of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level to vitamin D treatment. DESIGN Pooled analysis. SETTING Three double-blind randomized controlled trials that tested different doses of vitamin D. PARTICIPANTS Participants of three trials (N = 646; mean age 76.3 ± 8.4, 65% female). MEASUREMENTS In all three trials, 25(OH)D status and statin use were assessed repeatedly over time (baseline, 6 and 12 months). Repeated-measures analysis was used to compare 25(OH)D response to vitamin D treatment at baseline and 6 and 12 months of statin users and nonusers, controlling for age, sex, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, vitamin D dose, trial, and season. RESULTS At baseline, 17.5% were statin users, and 65% were vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL). Baseline 25(OH)D levels did not differ significantly between groups at baseline (18.8 for statin users, 17.2 ng/mL for nonusers, P = .07), but according to the longitudinal analyses, the total increase over 12 months in 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in statin users (13.1 ng/L) than nonusers (15.9 ng/mL; 21.4% difference; P = .009). CONCLUSION Of persons aged 60 and older at high risk of vitamin D deficiency, statin users had a 21.4% smaller increase in 25(OH)D serum concentrations over time than nonusers, independent of vitamin D dose and other covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karina Fischer
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Endel J Orav
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ursina Meyer
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patricia O Chocano-Bedoya
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Otto W Meyer
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Ernst
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simeon Schietzel
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz Eberli
- Department of Cardiology, Triemli City Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Gregor Freystätter
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Roas
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Theiler
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Egli
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas M Wilson
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Anagnostis P, Adamidou F, Slavakis A, Polyzos SA, Selalmatzidou D, Panagiotou A, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, Kita M. Comparative Effect of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D Levels in Non-diabetic Patients with Dyslipidaemia: A Prospective Randomized Open-label Pilot Study. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2014; 8:55-60. [PMID: 25110531 PMCID: PMC4126186 DOI: 10.2174/1874192401408010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Low 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(ΟΗ)D] levels have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Conflicting data exist regarding the effect of statins on [25(OH)D] levels. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on 25(OH)D levels in non-diabetic patients with dyslipidaemia. METHODS This was a prospective randomized open-label study. Patients were assigned to atorvastatin 20 mg⁄day (n=28, age: 56.1±2.2 years, 22 females) or rosuvastatin 10 mg⁄day (n=24, age: 57.4±1.9 years, 20 females). Total cholesterol (TC), low- (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were measured, and homeostatic model of assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated at baseline and 12 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS There were no within or between group significant differences in 25(OH)D levels (atorvastatin: 21.7±1.9 ng/ml at baseline and 23.5±2.3 ng/ml at week 12; rosuvastatin: 25.3±1.8 and 27.0±2.4 ng/ml, respectively; p=0.172 and p=0.306 for between groups, respectively). Both statins significantly reduced TC, TG and LDL-C levels, with a greater LDL-C reduction being observed by rosuvastatin. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin did not significantly affect 25(OH)D levels in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Anagnostis
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fotini Adamidou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristidis Slavakis
- Department of Biochemistry, Hormone Assay Laboratory, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Vasilios G Athyros
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Asterios Karagiannis
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marina Kita
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Holick
- Department of Medicine; Section of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Diabetes; Vitamin D, Skin and Bone Research Laboratory; Boston University Medical Center; Boston, MA USA
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Reichrath
- Department of Dermatology; The Saarland University Hospital; Homburg/Saar, Germany
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