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Włodarczyk M, Ciebiera M, Nowicka G, Łoziński T, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Epigallocatechin Gallate for the Treatment of Benign and Malignant Gynecological Diseases-Focus on Epigenetic Mechanisms. Nutrients 2024; 16:559. [PMID: 38398883 PMCID: PMC10893337 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The most common malignant gynecologic diseases are cervical, uterine, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancer. Among them, ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. A great number of women suffer from endometriosis, uterine fibroids (UFs), adenomyosis, dysmenorrhea, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which are widespread benign health problems causing troublesome and painful symptoms and significantly impairing the quality of life of affected women, and they are some of the main causes of infertility. In addition to the available surgical and pharmacological options, the effects of supporting standard treatment with naturally occurring compounds, mainly polyphenols, are being studied. Catechins are responsible for the majority of potential health benefits attributed to green tea consumption. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is considered a non-toxic, natural compound with potential anticancer properties. Antioxidant action is its most common function, but attention is also drawn to its participation in cell division inhibition, apoptosis stimulation and epigenetic regulation. In this narrative review, we describe the role of EGCG consumption in preventing the development of benign reproductive disorders such as UF, endometriosis, and PCOS, as well as malignant gynecologic conditions. We discuss possible epigenetic mechanisms that may be related to the action of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland;
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
- Development and Research Center of Non-Invasive Therapies, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Łoziński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (M.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (M.A.); (A.A.-H.)
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Wei Y, Zhao X, Tang H, Ma J, Wang Y, Li L. SIM2: Its Prognostic Significance and Oncogenic Role in Endometrial Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2024; 17:45-61. [PMID: 38292061 PMCID: PMC10826595 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s440788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial carcinoma ranks as the second most widespread malignancy affecting the reproductive system in females. Effective prognostic biomarkers are required to further improve survival rates for patients. Single-minded homolog 2 (SIM2) is known to participate in neurogenesis as a transcription factor. However, the potential role of SIM2 in endometrial carcinoma remains elusive. Methods Multiple public databases, including TIMER2.0, GEIPA2, UALCAN, LinkedOmics, BioGRID, DAVID and cBioPortal, were used to investigate SIM2 mRNA expression, SIM2-associated genes, PPI network, functional enrichment analysis, SIM2 gene alterations and methylation. The association between SIM2 expression and immune cell infiltrates was explored using GSVA. The effects of gene alterations and methylation on patient survival and CD8+T infiltration were examined using GSCA. Moreover, the prognostic potential of SIM2 was evaluated using COX regression, ROC curves and a nomogram model. Finally, the differential expression and function of SIM2 in UCEC were explored using qPCR, WB, CCK8 and Transwell assays. Results Our findings revealed the heightened expression of SIM2 in endometrial carcinoma, and that its DNA methylation and CNV alterations were correlated with immune infiltration and patients' prognosis. Additionally, functional enrichment revealed the involvement of SIM2 in transcription regulation and signal transduction. Moreover, we performed cell-based experiments to corroborate the oncogenic function of SIM2 in facilitating cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion Collectively, these results suggest that SIM2 holds promise as both a potential prognostic indicator and a viable treatment target for endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfang Wei
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianlei Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou H, Zhang Y, Jin J, Shen K, Yang Y, Lao P. Prognostic evaluation of the novel blueprint of DNA methylation sites by integrating bulk RNA-sequencing and methylation modification data in endometrial cancer. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3638. [PMID: 38011892 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometrial cancer (EC) is a prevalent malignancy affecting the female population, with an increasing incidence among younger age groups. DNA methylation, a common epigenetic modification, is well-established to play a key role in cancer progression. We suspected whether DNA methylation could be used as biomarkers for EC prognosis. METHODS In the present study, we analyzed bulk RNA-sequencing data from 544 EC patients and DNA methylation data from 430 EC patients in the TCGA-UCEC cohort. We applied weighted correlation network analysis to select a key gene set associated with panoptosis. We conducted correlation analysis between transcriptomic data of the selected key genes and DNA methylation data to identify valuable DNA methylation sites. These sites were further screened by Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. Immune microenvironment differences between high-risk and low-risk groups were assessed using single-sample gene set enrichment analysi, xCell and MCPcounter algorithms. RESULTS Our results identified five DNA methylation sites (cg03906681, cg04549977, cg06029846, cg10043253 and cg15658376) with significant prognostic value in EC. We constructed a prognostic model using these sites, demonstrating satisfactory predictive performance. The low-risk group showed higher immune cell infiltration. Notably, methylation of site cg03906681 was negatively related to CD8 T cell infiltration, whereas cg04549977 exhibited positive correlations with immune infiltration, particularly in macrophages, activated B cells, dendritic cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. PD0325901_1060 was strongly correlated with risk scores, indicating a potential therapeutic response for high-risk EC patients. CONCLUSION We have developed a robust DNA methylation-based prognostic model for EC, which holds promise for improving prognosis prediction and personalized treatment approaches. These findings may contribute to better management of EC patients, particularly in identifying those at higher risk who may benefit from tailored interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhen Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yingzhi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Kewei Shen
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peiwei Lao
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Chen L, Zheng X, Liu W, Sun Y, Zhao S, Tian L, Tian W, Xue F, Kang C, Wang Y. Compound AC1Q3QWB upregulates CDKN1A and SOX17 by interrupting the HOTAIR-EZH2 interaction and enhances the efficacy of tazemetostat in endometrial cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 578:216445. [PMID: 37866545 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common malignancy of the female reproductive system, with an escalating incidence. Recurrent/metastatic EC presents a poor prognosis. The interaction between the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR and the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) induces abnormal silencing of tumor suppressor genes, exerting a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. We have previously discovered AC1Q3QWB (AQB), a small-molecule compound targeting HOTAIR-EZH2 interaction. In the present study, we unveil that AQB selectively hampers the interaction between HOTAIR and EZH2 within EC cells, thus reversing the epigenetic suppression of tumor suppressor genes. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate AQB's synergistic effect with tazemetostat (TAZ), an EZH2 inhibitor, significantly boosting the expression of CDKN1A and SOX17. This, in turn, induces cell cycle arrest and impedes EC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In vivo experiments further validate AQB's potential by enhancing TAZ's anti-tumor efficacy at lower doses. Our results advocate AQB, a recently discovered small-molecule inhibitor, as a promising agent against EC cells. When combined with TAZ, it offers a novel therapeutic strategy for EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xingyu Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wenlu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yiqing Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lina Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wenyan Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Jin Z, Sheng J, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Huang Y. Shining a spotlight on m6A and the vital role of RNA modification in endometrial cancer: a review. Front Genet 2023; 14:1247309. [PMID: 37886684 PMCID: PMC10598767 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1247309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modifications are mostly dynamically reversible post-transcriptional modifications, of which m6A is the most prevalent in eukaryotic mRNAs. A growing number of studies indicate that RNA modification can finely tune gene expression and modulate RNA metabolic homeostasis, which in turn affects the self-renewal, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic tumor in developed countries. Although it can be diagnosed early in the onset and have a preferable prognosis, some cases might develop and become metastatic or recurrent, with a worse prognosis. Fortunately, immunotherapy and targeted therapy are promising methods of treating endometrial cancer patients. Gene modifications may also contribute to these treatments, as is especially the case with recent developments of new targeted therapeutic genes and diagnostic biomarkers for EC, even though current findings on the relationship between RNA modification and EC are still very limited, especially m6A. For example, what is the elaborate mechanism by which RNA modification affects EC progression? Taking m6A modification as an example, what is the conversion mode of methylation and demethylation for RNAs, and how to achieve selective recognition of specific RNA? Understanding how they cope with various stimuli as part of in vivo and in vitro biological development, disease or tumor occurrence and development, and other processes is valuable and RNA modifications provide a distinctive insight into genetic information. The roles of these processes in coping with various stimuli, biological development, disease, or tumor development in vivo and in vitro are self-evident and may become a new direction for cancer in the future. In this review, we summarize the category, characteristics, and therapeutic precis of RNA modification, m6A in particular, with the purpose of seeking the systematic regulation axis related to RNA modification to provide a better solution for the treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujian Jin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Sheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, School of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiping Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
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Zhang C, Sheng Y, Sun X, Wang Y. New insights for gynecological cancer therapies: from molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence to future directions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:891-925. [PMID: 37368179 PMCID: PMC10584725 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Advanced and recurrent gynecological cancers lack effective treatment and have poor prognosis. Besides, there is urgent need for conservative treatment for fertility protection of young patients. Therefore, continued efforts are needed to further define underlying therapeutic targets and explore novel targeted strategies. Considerable advancements have been made with new insights into molecular mechanisms on cancer progression and breakthroughs in novel treatment strategies. Herein, we review the research that holds unique novelty and potential translational power to alter the current landscape of gynecological cancers and improve effective treatments. We outline the advent of promising therapies with their targeted biomolecules, including hormone receptor-targeted agents, inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators, antiangiogenic agents, inhibitors of abnormal signaling pathways, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, agents targeting immune-suppressive regulators, and repurposed existing drugs. We particularly highlight clinical evidence and trace the ongoing clinical trials to investigate the translational value. Taken together, we conduct a thorough review on emerging agents for gynecological cancer treatment and further discuss their potential challenges and future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaru Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
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Li W, Gao R, Ding Y, Chen X, Liu X, He J, Li F, Long J, Lu S, Yang C, Wang Y. Imbalance hepatic metabolism homeostasis in the F1 generation of endometrial DNMT3B conditional knockout female mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1042449. [PMCID: PMC9692016 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1042449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested the possibility of explaining the etiology of metabolic syndrome through DNA methylation. DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) plays an important role in de novo DNA methylation. There was an alteration in maternal (F0) endometrial function, which might lead to growth and developmental disorder in offspring (F1). In this study, we investigated the effect of maternal endometrial DNMT3B deficiency on the metabolism in offspring. We constructed endometrial DNMT3B conditional knockout female mice (cKO) which were mated with normal C57BL/6 male mice to obtain the F1 generation. Further, to study the development of these offspring, we observed them at three different life stages which included the 6-week-old juvenile, 9-week-old sub-adult and 12-week-old adult. Follow the detection of a range of metabolism-related indicators, we found that in the cKO F1 generation, liver triglyceride level was significantly elevated in 9-week-old female mice, lipid droplet deposition was significantly increased in 9-week-old and 12-week-old mice, and the expression of lipid metabolism key factors in the liver was markedly decreased except of 6-week-old male mice. These results indicate that maternal endometrial DNMT3B conditional knockout leads to imbalance in hepatic metabolism in F1 generation, the mechanism of which requires further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weike Li
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Long
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengshun Yang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Chengshun Yang, ; Yingxiong Wang,
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Chengshun Yang, ; Yingxiong Wang,
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Xu T, Ding H, Chen J, Lei J, Zhao M, Ji B, Chen Y, Qin S, Gao Q. Research Progress of DNA Methylation in Endometrial Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070938. [PMID: 35883495 PMCID: PMC9312849 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC)) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the female genital system, with an increasing incidence and mortality, worldwide. Although the therapeutic strategy of EC is still complicated and challenging, further understanding of carcinogenesis from a gene perspective would allow an effort to improve therapeutic precision in this complex malignancy. DNA methylation is the most widely studied epigenetic alteration in human tumors. Aberrant DNA methylation events, resulting in altered gene expression, are features of many tumor types. In this review, we provide an update on evidence about the roles of aberrant DNA methylation within some classical tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes in endometrial carcinogenesis, and report on recent advances in the understanding of the contribution of aberrant DNA methylation to EC, as well as opportunities and challenges of DNA methylation in EC management and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Hongmei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (H.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (H.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (H.D.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (Q.G.); Tel.: +86-512-67781951 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.); Fax: +86-0512-67780922 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.)
| | - Songbing Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (Q.G.); Tel.: +86-512-67781951 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.); Fax: +86-0512-67780922 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.)
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (Q.G.); Tel.: +86-512-67781951 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.); Fax: +86-0512-67780922 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.)
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Shen PC, Wang YF, Chang HC, Huang WY, Lo CH, Su YF, Yang JF, Lin CS, Dai YH. Developing a novel DNA methylation risk score for survival and identification of prognostic gene mutations in endometrial cancer: a study based on TCGA data. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:992-1000. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Few studies have focused on DNA methylation in endometrial cancer. The aim of our study is identify its role in endometrial cancer prognosis.
Methods
A publicly available dataset was retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas. For validation of expression alteration due to methylation, RNA sequencing data were obtained from other independent cohorts. MethSurv was used to search for candidate CpG probes, which were then filtered by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify final set of CpG probes for overall survival. A methylation-based risk model was developed and receiver operating characteristic analysis with area under curve was used for evaluation. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups using an optimal cut-off point. Comprehensive bioinformatic analyses were conducted to identify hub genes, key transcription factors, and enriched cancer-related pathways. Kaplan–Meier curve was used for survival analysis.
Results
A 5-CpG signature score was established. Its predictive value for 5-year overall survival was high, with area under curve of 0.828, 0.835 and 0.816 for the training, testing and entire cohorts. cg27487839 and cg12885678 had strong correlation with their gene expression, XKR6 and PTPRN2, and lower PTPRN2 expression was associated with poorer survival in both The Cancer Genome Atlas and the validation datasets. Low-risk group was associated with significantly better survival. Low-risk group harboured more mutations in hub genes and key transcription factors, and mutations in SP1 and MECP2 represented favourable outcome.
Conclusion
We developed a methylation-based prognostic stratification system for endometrial cancer. Low-risk group was associated with better survival and harboured more mutations in the key regulatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chien Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Hao-Chih Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Wen-Yen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Lo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Yu-Fu Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Jen-Fu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Chun-Shu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Yang-Hong Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
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10
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Mahajan V, Gujral P, Jain L, Ponnampalam AP. Differential Expression of Steroid Hormone Receptors and Ten Eleven Translocation Proteins in Endometrial Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:763464. [PMID: 35372016 PMCID: PMC8966408 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.763464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones govern the complex, cyclic changes of the endometrium, predominantly through their receptors. An interplay between steroid hormones and epigenetic mechanisms controls the dynamic endometrial gene regulation. Abnormalities in expression of genes and enzymes associated with steroid hormone signaling, contribute to a disturbed hormonal equilibrium. Limited evidence suggests the involvement of TET (Ten Eleven Translocation)-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation in endometrial cancer, with some data on the use of TET1 as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker, however the mechanisms guiding it and its regulation remains unexplored. This study aims to explore the changes in the expressions of TETs and steroid hormone receptors in response to estrogen and progesterone in endometrial cancer cells. Gene expression was examined using real-time PCR and protein expression was quantified using fluorescent western blotting in endometrial cancer cell lines (AN3 and RL95-2). Results indicate that TET1 and TET3 gene and protein expression was cell-specific in cancer cell-lines. Protein expression of TET1 was downregulated in AN3 cells, while TET1 and TET3 expressions were both upregulated in RL95-2 cells in response to estrogen-progesterone. Further, a decreased AR expression in AN3 cells and an increased ERα and ERβ protein expressions in RL95-2 cells was seen in response to estrogen-progesterone. PR gene and protein expression was absent from both cancer cell-lines. Overall, results imply that expressions of steroid hormones, steroid-hormone receptors and TETs are co-regulated in endometrial cancer-cells. Further studies are needed to interpret how these mechanisms fit in with DNMTs and DNA methylation in regulating endometrial biology. Understanding the role of TETs and hydroxymethylation in steroid hormone receptor regulation is crucial to comprehend how these mechanisms work together in a broader context of epigenetics in the endometrium and its pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Mahajan
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Palak Gujral
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lekha Jain
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna P. Ponnampalam
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Anna P. Ponnampalam,
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11
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Gui T, Liu M, Yao B, Jiang H, Yang D, Li Q, Zeng X, Wang Y, Cao J, Deng Y, Li X, Xu P, Zhou L, Li D, Wang Z, Zen K, Huang DCS, Chen B, Wan G, Zhao Q. TCF3 is epigenetically silenced by EZH2 and DNMT3B and functions as a tumor suppressor in endometrial cancer. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3316-3328. [PMID: 34175897 PMCID: PMC8630057 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EC progression are still largely unknown, and chemotherapeutic options for EC patients are currently very limited. In this study, we found that histone methyltransferase EZH2 and DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B were upregulated in EC samples from patients, and promoted EC cell proliferation as evidenced by assays of cell viability, cell cycle, colony formation. Mechanistically, we found that EZH2 promoted EC cell proliferation by epigenetically repressing TCF3, a direct transcriptional activator of CCKN1A (p21WAF1/Cip1), in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that DNMT3B specifically methylated the TCF3 promoter, repressing TCF3 expression and accelerating EC cell proliferation independently of EZH2. Importantly, elevated expression of EZH2 or DNMT3B in EC patients inversely correlated with expression of TCF3 and p21, and was associated with shorter overall survival. We show that combined treatment with GSK126 and 5-Aza-2d treatment wit synergistically inhibited methyltransferase activity of EZH2 and DNMT3B, resulting in a profound block of EC cell proliferation as well as EC tumor progression in cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models. These findings reveal that TCF3 functions as a tumor suppressor epigenetically silenced by EZH2 and DNMT3B in EC, and support the notion that targeting the EZH2/DNMT3B/TCF3/p21 axis may be a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gui
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiqin Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongjun Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qixiang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangwei Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Yexuan Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peipei Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liqin Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Dake Li
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ke Zen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - David C S Huang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bing Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guiping Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Quan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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12
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Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Nanomicelles Enhance SAHA Efficacy in 3D Endometrial Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164032. [PMID: 34439185 PMCID: PMC8394402 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary One of the major limitations to cancer therapies are the side effects caused by the drug interacting with any tissue in the body. There is often a balance between patient health and effectively treating the disease. To by-pass this balancing act nanoparticles are being used to deliver therapeutics straight to the tumors, acting as “Trojan Horses”. Endometrial cancers are known to have more of the cell surface protein CD44 than healthy tissues. Here, to efficiently target endometrial cancer, hyaluronic acid, which naturally binds to the CD44 protein was attached to the surface of nanoparticles and tested on microtissues or spheroids to better model a tumor and understand drug delivery performance. We show that our hyaluronic acid-nanoparticle formulations improve drug effects and interact with the cancer cells more than without this targeting agent. Abstract Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes are upregulated in cancer leading to the development of HDAC inhibiting compounds, several of which are currently in clinical trials. Side effects associated with toxicity and non-specific targeting indicate the need for efficient drug delivery approaches and tumor specific targeting to enhance HDAC efficacy in solid tumor cancers. SAHA encapsulation within F127 micelles functionalized with a surface hyaluronic acid moiety, was developed to target endometrial cancer cells expressing elevated levels of CD44. In vitro viability and morphology analyses was conducted in both 2D and 3D models to assess the translational potential of this approach. Encapsulation enhanced SAHA delivery and activity, demonstrating increased cytotoxic efficacy in 2D and 3D endometrial cancer models. High-content imaging showed improved nanoparticle internalization in 2D and CD44 enhanced penetration in 3D models. In addition, the nano-delivery system enhanced spheroid penetration resulting in cell growth suppression, p21 associated cell cycle arrest, as well as overcoming the formation of an EMT associated phenotype observed in free drug treated type II endometrial cancer cells. This study demonstrates that targeted nanoparticle delivery of SAHA could provide the basis for improving its efficacy in endometrial cancer. Using 3D models for endometrial cancer allows the elucidation of nanoparticle performance and CD44 targeting, likely through penetration and retention within the tumor model.
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13
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Chakravarthi S, Karikalan B. Molecular Biomarkers for Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Short Review. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394716666200724164654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease with higher death rates and is responsible for around 2 million
deaths per year worldwide. Recently, several breakthroughs have been made in the field of lung
cancer that has led to a revolution in the management of lung cancer patients. Identification of
molecular markers and the implication of respective targeted therapies has been a great success in
the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Despite the fact that targeted therapy of lung adenocarcinomas
represents one of the significant milestones in the treatment of lung cancer that resulted
in increased survival rates even in advanced stages, the mortality rates of lung cancer still remain
to be significantly high. This warrants further research for gaining better insights into molecular alterations
that can lead to newer innovations in targeted drug therapy towards lung adenocarcinoma.
In this review, we briefly summarized the literature on molecular markers that are already in use.
We also consolidated newer molecular markers that are under study with the potential for being targeted
for therapies in future.
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14
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Inoue F, Sone K, Toyohara Y, Takahashi Y, Kukita A, Hara A, Taguchi A, Tanikawa M, Tsuruga T, Osuga Y. Targeting Epigenetic Regulators for Endometrial Cancer Therapy: Its Molecular Biology and Potential Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2305. [PMID: 33669072 PMCID: PMC7956745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed gynecological malignancies worldwide. However, its prognosis in advanced stages is poor, and there are only few available treatment options when it recurs. Epigenetic changes in gene function, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, have been studied for the last two decades. Epigenetic dysregulation is often reported in the development and progression of various cancers. Recently, epigenetic changes in endometrial cancer have also been discussed. In this review, we give the main points of the role of DNA methylation and histone modification in endometrial cancer, the diagnostic tools to determine these modifications, and inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators that are currently in preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenbun Sone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (F.I.); (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (T.T.); (Y.O.)
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15
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Yang C, Ota-Kurogi N, Ikeda K, Okumura T, Horie-Inoue K, Takeda S, Inoue S. MicroRNA-191 regulates endometrial cancer cell growth via TET1-mediated epigenetic modulation of APC. J Biochem 2021; 168:7-14. [PMID: 32003827 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy with relatively favourable prognosis, although alternative diagnostic and therapeutic options remain to be explored for advanced disease. Recent studies enabled to apply microRNAs (miRs) to clinical cancer management as promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. We here aimed to identify proliferation-associated miRNAs and characterize their functions in EC cells. Our small RNA-sequencing analysis showed that miR-191 is abundantly expressed in HEC-1A and Ishikawa EC cells along with the high expression of miR-182, which was previously characterized as an EC proliferation-related miRNA in EC. We showed that miR-191 was upregulated in EC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues and its knockdown repressed EC cell proliferation. In silico miRNA target screening identified that ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is one of the putative miR-191 targets. TET1 expression could be downregulated by miR-191 through the mRNA-miRNA interaction in the 3'-untranslated region of TET1. In line with TET1 functions as a methylcytosine dioxygenase, which removes genome-wide DNA methylation marks, decreased TET1 expression resulted in hypermethylation in the promotor region of tumour suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli. Taken together, miR-191 could function as an oncogenic miRNA in EC and serve as a prospective diagnostic and therapeutic target for advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiujung Yang
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Natsuki Ota-Kurogi
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Okumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie-Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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16
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Zhang K, Liu Y, Liu X, Du J, Wang Y, Yang J, Li Y, Liu C. Clinicopathological significance of multiple molecular features in undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas. Pathology 2020; 53:179-186. [PMID: 33070954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the clinicopathological significance of multiple molecular features in undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas (UDECs). Eighteen dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas (DDECs) and three undifferentiated endometrial carcinomas (UECs) were collected. Polymerase-ε exonuclease domain mutations (POLE-EDM) were analysed by Sanger sequencing. SWI/SNF complex subunits, mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, p53, and PD-L1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The SWI/SNF complex was inactivated in half of the UDECs; variably combined with deficient MMR (dMMR), POLE-EDM, or p53 aberrance. Deficiencies in BRG1 and ARID1A were mutually exclusive (p<0.05) in DDECs. ARID1A defects were mostly (8/9) associated with dMMR and typically occurred simultaneously in both endometrioid and dedifferentiated components, whereas BRG1 defects were less frequently (3/7) combined with dMMR and were only observed in dedifferentiated cells. Two-thirds of the UDECs displayed dMMR, mainly caused by the MLH1 promotor methylation. Mutant p53 immunostaining was detected in accordant or subclonal patterns. All three POLE-EDM UDEC patients had stage IA disease with either dMMR or p53 abnormality. Strong positive signals for PD-L1 were mainly detected in dMMR samples. BRG1 defects may likely trigger the progression of dedifferentiation in UDECs by superimposing the pre-existing driver events or by initiating UECs de novo, whereas ARID1A inactivation is subordinate and may likely be secondary to dMMR. The biological behaviours of BRG1-intact UDECs were evaluated according to The Cancer Genome Atlas molecular classification; their driver events require further analysis. Exact molecular subtypes can be helpful for clinical management and treatment decisions for patients with UDEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxian Li
- Department of Pathology, Women and Children Hospital, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Congrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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17
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Pathogenesis and Clinical Management of Uterine Serous Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030686. [PMID: 32183290 PMCID: PMC7140057 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is an aggressive variant of endometrial cancer that has not been well characterized. It accounts for less than 10% of all endometrial cancers and 80% of endometrial cancer–related deaths. Currently, staging surgery together with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, especially vaginal cuff brachytherapy, is the main treatment strategy for USC. Whole-exome sequencing combined with preclinical and clinical studies are verifying a series of effective and clinically accessible inhibitors targeting frequently altered genes, such as HER2 and PI3K3CA, in varying USC patient populations. Some progress has also been made in the immunotherapy field. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has been found to be activated in many USC patients, and clinical trials of PD-1 inhibitors in USC are underway. This review updates the progress of research regarding the molecular pathogenesis and putative clinical management of USC.
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18
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Neal AS, Nunez M, Lai T, Tosevska A, Morselli M, Amneus M, Zakhour M, Moatamed NA, Pellegrini M, Memarzadeh S. Expression of Stromal Progesterone Receptor and Differential Methylation Patterns in the Endometrium May Correlate with Response to Progesterone Therapy in Endometrial Complex Atypical Hyperplasia. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1778-1790. [PMID: 32124398 PMCID: PMC7395059 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00175-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone therapy is a viable treatment for complex atypical hyperplasia (CAH) and endometrial adenocarcinoma, though reliable molecular determinants of response are not available. To explore if analysis of pre-therapy endometrial biopsies could yield biomarkers of response to progesterone, patients with CAH or adenocarcinoma undergoing treatment with progestins were included in this cross-sectional study. Immunohistochemistry for progesterone receptor (PR) was performed. Manual PR expression scores (PRES) were first calculated for biopsies by counting PR-positive nuclei in 12 sensitive vs 9 resistant samples. Significant differences in manual PRES were detected in the stroma (p < 0.01) and total endometrium (p < 0.01) for sensitive vs resistant patients. Manual PRES in the stroma had the highest accuracy in segregating sensitive vs resistant patients (96%). Differences in epithelial PRES were not significant. To validate these findings, a correlation between manual PRES and visual PRES was performed in the 21 patients. An additional 11 patients were analyzed to test if visual PRES would be predictive of response to progesterone. Visual PRES in epithelia and stroma in the 32 specimens was calculated. Significant differences in visual PRES were detected in the stroma for sensitive vs resistant samples (p < 0.01), while differences in epithelial and total endometrium were not significant. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing was performed on DNA isolated using pre-therapy biopsies from 6 sensitive and 6 resistant patients in this cohort. Differentially methylated regions were identified in the stroma and epithelium when evaluating sensitive vs resistant samples. Pathways involved in cell adhesion demonstrated the greatest difference in methylation in these samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Neal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Miguel Nunez
- University of California San Fransisco School of Medicine, 516 Parnassus Avenue, San Fransisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Tiffany Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Anela Tosevska
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Marco Morselli
- Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology-The Collaboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Malaika Amneus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Panorama City, CA, 91402, USA
| | - Mae Zakhour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Neda A Moatamed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology-The Collaboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sanaz Memarzadeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- The VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.
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19
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Dou Y, Kawaler EA, Cui Zhou D, Gritsenko MA, Huang C, Blumenberg L, Karpova A, Petyuk VA, Savage SR, Satpathy S, Liu W, Wu Y, Tsai CF, Wen B, Li Z, Cao S, Moon J, Shi Z, Cornwell M, Wyczalkowski MA, Chu RK, Vasaikar S, Zhou H, Gao Q, Moore RJ, Li K, Sethuraman S, Monroe ME, Zhao R, Heiman D, Krug K, Clauser K, Kothadia R, Maruvka Y, Pico AR, Oliphant AE, Hoskins EL, Pugh SL, Beecroft SJI, Adams DW, Jarman JC, Kong A, Chang HY, Reva B, Liao Y, Rykunov D, Colaprico A, Chen XS, Czekański A, Jędryka M, Matkowski R, Wiznerowicz M, Hiltke T, Boja E, Kinsinger CR, Mesri M, Robles AI, Rodriguez H, Mutch D, Fuh K, Ellis MJ, DeLair D, Thiagarajan M, Mani DR, Getz G, Noble M, Nesvizhskii AI, Wang P, Anderson ML, Levine DA, Smith RD, Payne SH, Ruggles KV, Rodland KD, Ding L, Zhang B, Liu T, Fenyö D. Proteogenomic Characterization of Endometrial Carcinoma. Cell 2020; 180:729-748.e26. [PMID: 32059776 PMCID: PMC7233456 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We undertook a comprehensive proteogenomic characterization of 95 prospectively collected endometrial carcinomas, comprising 83 endometrioid and 12 serous tumors. This analysis revealed possible new consequences of perturbations to the p53 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, identified a potential role for circRNAs in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and provided new information about proteomic markers of clinical and genomic tumor subgroups, including relationships to known druggable pathways. An extensive genome-wide acetylation survey yielded insights into regulatory mechanisms linking Wnt signaling and histone acetylation. We also characterized aspects of the tumor immune landscape, including immunogenic alterations, neoantigens, common cancer/testis antigens, and the immune microenvironment, all of which can inform immunotherapy decisions. Collectively, our multi-omic analyses provide a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians, identify new molecular associations of potential mechanistic significance in the development of endometrial cancers, and suggest novel approaches for identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Dou
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emily A Kawaler
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel Cui Zhou
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Marina A Gritsenko
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Chen Huang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lili Blumenberg
- Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alla Karpova
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Vladislav A Petyuk
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Sara R Savage
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shankha Satpathy
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wenke Liu
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yige Wu
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi Li
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Song Cao
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Jamie Moon
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Zhiao Shi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - MacIntosh Cornwell
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matthew A Wyczalkowski
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Rosalie K Chu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Suhas Vasaikar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Qingsong Gao
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Kai Li
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sunantha Sethuraman
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Matthew E Monroe
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - David Heiman
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Karsten Krug
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Karl Clauser
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ramani Kothadia
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yosef Maruvka
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alexander R Pico
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Amanda E Oliphant
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Emily L Hoskins
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Samuel L Pugh
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Sean J I Beecroft
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - David W Adams
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jonathan C Jarman
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Andy Kong
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hui-Yin Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Boris Reva
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yuxing Liao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dmitry Rykunov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Antonio Colaprico
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xi Steven Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Andrzej Czekański
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Center, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Jędryka
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Center, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Center, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; University Hospital of Lord's Transfiguration, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; International Institute for Molecular Oncology, 60-203 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tara Hiltke
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emily Boja
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher R Kinsinger
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehdi Mesri
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David Mutch
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Katherine Fuh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew J Ellis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Deborah DeLair
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mathangi Thiagarajan
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - D R Mani
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gad Getz
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael Noble
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alexey I Nesvizhskii
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthew L Anderson
- College of Medicine Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Samuel H Payne
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Kelly V Ruggles
- Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Karin D Rodland
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - David Fenyö
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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20
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Multinu F, Chen J, Madison JD, Torres M, Casarin J, Visscher D, Shridhar V, Bakkum-Gamez J, Sherman M, Wentzensen N, Mariani A, Walther-Antonio M. Analysis of DNA methylation in endometrial biopsies to predict risk of endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 156:682-688. [PMID: 31902687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether analysis of methylated DNA in benign endometrial biopsy (EB) specimens is associated with risk of endometrial cancer (EC). METHODS We identified 23 women with EBs performed at Mayo Clinic diagnosed as normal (n = 14) or hyperplasia (n = 9) and who later developed endometrial cancer after a median interval of 1 year. Cases were matched 1:1 with patients with benign EBs who did not develop EC (controls) by histology of benign EB (normal endometrium vs. endometrial hyperplasia without atypia), date of EB, age at EB, and length of post-biopsy follow-up. DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues underwent pyrosequencing to determine percent methylation of promoter region CpGs at 26 loci in 4 genes (ADCYAP1, HAND2, MME, RASSF1A) previously reported as methylated in EC. RESULTS After pathologic review, 23 matched pairs of cases and controls were identified (14 normal, 9 hyperplasia without atypia per group). Among cases, median time from benign EB to EC was 1 year (range 2 days - 9.2 years). We evaluated 26 CpG sites within 4 genes and found a consistent trend of increasing percentage of methylation from control to case to EC for all CpGs. At the gene-level, mean methylation events of ADCYAP1 and HAND2 in cases were significantly higher than control (p = 0.015 and p = 0.021, respectively). Though the other genes did not reach statistical significance, we observed an increased methylation trend among all genes. Area-under-curve (AUC) calculations (predicting future development of EC in the setting of benign EB) for ADCYAP1 and HAND2 were 0.71 (95% CI 0.55-0.88) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.64-1, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle study provides evidence that specific methylation patterns in benign EB correlate with future development of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Multinu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Joseph D Madison
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Michelle Torres
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jvan Casarin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Daniel Visscher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jamie Bakkum-Gamez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Mark Sherman
- Department of Health Sciences Research and Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States of America
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Andrea Mariani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Marina Walther-Antonio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
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21
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Bin Y, Wang X, Zhao L, Wen P, Xia J. An analysis of mutational signatures of synonymous mutations across 15 cancer types. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:190. [PMID: 31815613 PMCID: PMC6900878 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Synonymous mutations have been identified to play important roles in cancer development, although they do not modify the protein sequences. However, relatively little research has specifically delineated the functionality of synonymous mutations in cancer. Results We investigated the nucleotide-based and amino acid-based features of synonymous mutations across 15 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and revealed novel driver candidates by identifying hotspot mutations. Firstly, synonymous mutations were analyzed between TCGA and 1000 Genomes Project at nucleotide and amino acid levels. We found that C:G → T:A transitions were the most frequent single-base substitutions, and leucine underwent the largest number of synonymous mutations in TCGA due to prevalent C → T transition, which induced the transformation between optimal and non-optimal codons. Next, 97 synonymous hotspot mutations in 86 genes were nominated as candidate drivers with potential cancer risk by considering the mutational rates across different sequence contexts. We observed that non-CpG-island GC transition sequence context was positively selected across most of cancer types, and different sequence contexts under which hotspot mutations occur could be significance for genetic differences and functional features. We also found that the hotspots were more conserved than neutral mutations of hotspot-mutation-containing-genes and frequently happened at leucine. In addition, we mapped hotspots, neutral and non-hotspot mutations of hotspot-mutation-containing-genes to their respective protein domains and found ion transport domain was the most frequent one, which could mediate the cell interaction and had relevant implication for tumor therapy. And the signatures of synonymous hotspots were qualitatively similar with those of harmful missense variants. Conclusions We illustrated the preferences of cancer associated synonymous mutations, especially hotspots, and laid the groundwork for understanding the synonymous mutations act as drivers in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Bin
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Pengbo Wen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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22
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Mahajan V, Farquhar C, Ponnampalam AP. Could DNA hydroxymethylation be crucial in influencing steroid hormone signaling in endometrial biology and endometriosis? Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 87:7-16. [PMID: 31749216 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis affects 10% of reproductive-aged women. It is characterized by the growth of the endometrium, outside the uterus and is associated with infertility and chronic abdominal pain. Lack of noninvasive diagnostic tools and early screening tests results in delayed treatment and subsequently increased disease severity. Endometriosis is a disease associated with a deregulated hormonal response, therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern this hormonal interplay is of paramount importance. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that regulates gene expression and is often associated with genes that code for steroid receptors and enzymes associated with estrogen synthesis and metabolism in endometriosis. DNA hydroxymethylation, which is structurally similar to methylation but functionally different, is a biologically critical mechanism that is also known to regulate gene expression. Ten Eleven Translocation (TET) proteins mediate hydroxymethylation. However, the role of DNA hydroxymethylation or TETs in the endometrium remains relatively unexplored. Currently, the "gold standard" technique used to study methylation patterns is bisulfite genomic sequencing. This technique also detects hydroxymethylation but fails to distinguish between the two, thereby limiting our understanding of these two processes. The presence of TETs in the male and female reproductive tract and its contribution to endometrial cancer makes it an important factor to study in endometriosis. This review summarizes the role of DNA methylation in aberrant steroid hormone signaling and hypothesizes that hydroxymethylation could be a factor influencing hormonal instability seen in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Mahajan
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cynthia Farquhar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna P Ponnampalam
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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23
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Ghazanfari T, Asaadi Tehrani G, Maziri P. The Relationship between the Methylation of Promoter Regions of Tumor Suppressor Genes PTEN and APC with Endometrial Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2259-2265. [PMID: 31450893 PMCID: PMC6852804 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.8.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endometrial neoplasms is one of the most typical gynecologic diseases with harmful effects. Promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism of the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in endometrial neoplasms. Epigenetic changes of the PTEN and APC genes have shown to be present in various cancers. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated the association between the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC genes with endometrial neoplasms. Methods: For this study, 28 patients with endometrial neoplasms as well as 22 controls were studied. Analysis of the promoter methylation regions of PTEN and APC genes were performed by Methylation-Specific PCR. Results: The frequency of PTEN and APC genes promoter methylation was 28.57% and 17.86% in tumor tissues, and 11.54% and 3.85% in blood samples, respectively. We found a significant relationship between blood and tissue in PTEN methylation (p = 0.0353). Additionally, we determined a closely significant difference between normal tissue and tumor tissue of the PTEN gene (p = 0.0787) and blood and tissue samples of the APC gene in methylated promoter regions (p=0.0623). Furthermore, these results suggest that there is no significant relationship between the promoter methylation of PTEN and APC with clinical characteristics. Conclusion: DNA methylation deficiency is a well known highlighted factor in tumorigenesis, therefore the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC can be indicated as a risk factor in endometrial neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Ghazanfari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Golnaz Asaadi Tehrani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Parisa Maziri
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
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24
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Huo X, Sun H, Cao D, Yang J, Peng P, Yu M, Shen K. Identification of prognosis markers for endometrial cancer by integrated analysis of DNA methylation and RNA-Seq data. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9924. [PMID: 31289358 PMCID: PMC6617448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is highly malignant and has a poor prognosis in the advanced stage, thus, prediction of its prognosis is important. DNA methylation has rapidly gained clinical attention as a biomarker for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive purposes in various cancers. In present study, differentially methylated positions and differentially expressed genes were identified according to DNA methylation and RNA-Seq data. Functional analyses and interaction network were performed to identify hub genes, and overall survival analysis of hub genes were validated. The top genes were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of endometrial cancer tissues. The gene function was evaluated by cell growth curve after knockdown CDC20 and CCNA2 of endometrial cancer cell line. A total of 329 hypomethylated highly expressed genes and 359 hypermethylated lowly expressed genes were identified, and four hub genes were obtained according to the interaction network. Patients with low expression of CDC20 and CCNA2 showed better overall survival. The results also were demonstrated by the immunohistochemical staining. Cell growth curve also demonstrated that knockdown CDC20 and CCNA2 can suppress the cell proliferation. We have identified two aberrantly methylated genes, CDC20 and CCNA2 as novel biomarkers for precision diagnosis in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hengzi Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyan Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Keng Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liu Y, Ma S, Chang J, Zhang T, Chen X, Liang Y, Xia Q. Programmable targeted epigenetic editing using CRISPR system in Bombyx mori. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 110:105-111. [PMID: 31022512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation has been proven to play roles in regulating gene expression, cell fate, disease determination, and chromatin architecture organization in mammals and plants, and is a significant component of epigenetic modification. Compared to mammals or plants, the status and function of DNA methylation are poorly understood in insects, which is partially due to the lack of efficient manipulation tools. In this study, we show that fusion protein of catalytically inactive Cas9 (dCas9) with TET1 can efficiently demethylate genomic DNA of silkworm Bombyx mori, in a programmable target region specific manner. We first developed an all-in-one vector to maximize the targeting efficiency of dCas9-TET1. Then we selected 3 endogenous genes that were previously found to harbor methylated DNA, and designed gRNAs within the methylated region. Co-transfection of dCas9-TET1 and gRNA successfully erased methylation marks near the targeting region, with efficiencies from about 17.50% to 40.00%. Furthermore, targeted demethylation on gene body resulted in increased mRNA transcription level. Unlike the previously widely used decitabine, a methylation inhibitor, dCas9-TET1 is more effective and specific, and has no unwanted impact on whole-genome methylation. DCas9-TET1 provides a powerful tool for investigating the functional significance of DNA methylation in a locus-specific manner, and for exploring the unknown links between methylation and development in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Sanyuan Ma
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Jiasong Chang
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiaoxu Chen
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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26
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Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in obese women predicts an epigenetic signature for future endometrial cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6469. [PMID: 31015518 PMCID: PMC6478742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation is associated with the oncogenesis of a variety of human cancers, including endometrial cancer (EC), the seventh most common cancer among women. Obesity is known to be a high-risk factor for EC; however, whether obesity influences DNA methylation in the presymptomatic uterus and if this influences EC development remain unclear. Here, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of isolated endometrial epithelial cells obtained from obese presymptomatic participants. Using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array (850 K), we identified 592 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), most of which undergo hypomethylated changes. These DMRs were enriched for pyrimidine metabolism, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and B cell signaling pathways, indicating obesity-related dysregulation of certain metabolic processes in the presymptomatic uterus. Comparison of the DMRs with those in stage I EC revealed that 54 DMRs overlapped; additionally, B cell signaling and Epstein-Barr virus infection pathways were shared between the presymptomatic uterus of obese women and stage I EC with greater hypomethylation in women with EC than in presymptomatic obese women. These findings indicated that obesity influences DNA methylation in presymptomatic endometrial epithelial cells, and persistent dysregulation of DNA methylation in obese women may result in EC development.
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27
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Liu L, Shi T, Houk KN, Zhao YL. Understanding the R882H mutation effects of DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A: a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and QM/MM calculations. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31425-31434. [PMID: 35527972 PMCID: PMC9072302 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06791d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The AML-related high-frequent R882H mutation of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), a key enzyme forde novoepigenetic methylation in human beings, was characterized by a disturbing conformation ofS-adenosylmethionine (SAM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
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28
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Wang Y, Liu D, Jin X, Song H, Lou G. Genome-wide characterization of aberrant DNA methylation patterns and the potential clinical implications in patients with endometrial cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:137-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Pisanic TR, Cope LM, Lin SF, Yen TT, Athamanolap P, Asaka R, Nakayama K, Fader AN, Wang TH, Shih IM, Wang TL. Methylomic Analysis of Ovarian Cancers Identifies Tumor-Specific Alterations Readily Detectable in Early Precursor Lesions. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6536-6547. [PMID: 30108103 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) typically remains undiagnosed until advanced stages when peritoneal dissemination has already occurred. Here, we sought to identify HGSOC-specific alterations in DNA methylation and assess their potential to provide sensitive and specific detection of HGSOC at its earliest stages. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MethylationEPIC genome-wide methylation analysis was performed on a discovery cohort comprising 23 HGSOC, 37 non-HGSOC malignant, and 36 histologically unremarkable gynecologic tissue samples. The resulting data were processed using selective bioinformatic criteria to identify regions of high-confidence HGSOC-specific differential methylation. Quantitative methylation-specific real-time PCR (qMSP) assays were then developed for 8 of the top-performing regions and analytically validated in a cohort of 90 tissue samples. Lastly, qMSP assays were used to assess and compare methylation in 30 laser-capture microdissected (LCM) fallopian tube epithelia samples obtained from cancer-free and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) positive women. RESULTS Bioinformatic selection identified 91 regions of robust, HGSOC-specific hypermethylation, 23 of which exhibited an area under the receiver-operator curve (AUC) value ≥ 0.9 in the discovery cohort. Seven of 8 top-performing regions demonstrated AUC values between 0.838 and 0.968 when analytically validated by qMSP in a 90-patient cohort. A panel of the 3 top-performing genes (c17orf64, IRX2, and TUBB6) was able to perfectly discriminate HGSOC (AUC 1.0). Hypermethylation within these loci was found exclusively in LCM fallopian tube epithelia from women with STIC lesions, but not in cancer-free fallopian tubes. CONCLUSIONS A panel of methylation biomarkers can be used to accurately identify HGSOC, even at precursor stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Pisanic
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Leslie M Cope
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Oncology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shiou-Fu Lin
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ting-Tai Yen
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pornpat Athamanolap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ryoichi Asaka
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kentaro Nakayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Amanda N Fader
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. .,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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30
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Ferlita AL, Battaglia R, Andronico F, Caruso S, Cianci A, Purrello M, Pietro CD. Non-Coding RNAs in Endometrial Physiopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072120. [PMID: 30037059 PMCID: PMC6073439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Genome Project led to the discovery that about 80% of our DNA is transcribed in RNA molecules. Only 2% of the human genome is translated into proteins, the rest mostly produces molecules called non-coding RNAs, which are a heterogeneous class of RNAs involved in different steps of gene regulation. They have been classified, according to their length, into small non-coding RNAs and long non-coding RNAs, or to their function, into housekeeping non-coding RNAs and regulatory non-coding RNAs. Their involvement has been widely demonstrated in all cellular processes, as well as their dysregulation in human pathologies. In this review, we discuss the function of non-coding RNAs in endometrial physiology, analysing their involvement in embryo implantation. Moreover, we explore their role in endometrial pathologies such as endometrial cancer, endometriosis and chronic endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro La Ferlita
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biology and Genetics Section G. Sichel, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Battaglia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biology and Genetics Section G. Sichel, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesca Andronico
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biology and Genetics Section G. Sichel, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Caruso
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Cianci
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Michele Purrello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biology and Genetics Section G. Sichel, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biology and Genetics Section G. Sichel, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Detection of endometrial cancer at an early stage leads to better oncologic outcomes. To date, a screening test for endometrial cancer does not exist. RECENT FINDINGS Evolving knowledge of molecular changes involved in endometrial cancer carcinogenesis paired with sensitive and high-throughput technological advancements are a promising combination that can be leveraged to detect tumor DNA and proteins. These molecular biomarkers can be identified in biospecimens collected via minimally invasive and noninvasive approaches. Exploiting lower genital tract secretions as a biospecimen also allows for patient self-sampling. SUMMARY Successful development of a screening test for endometrial cancer using self-collected lower genital tract biospecimens has the potential to increase accessibility to care and improve patient compliance.
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MacKay HJ, Levine DA, Bae-Jump VL, Bell DW, McAlpine JN, Santin A, Fleming GF, Mutch DG, Nephew KP, Wentzensen N, Goodfellow PJ, Dorigo O, Nijman HW, Broaddus R, Kohn EC. Moving forward with actionable therapeutic targets and opportunities in endometrial cancer: NCI clinical trials planning meeting report on identifying key genes and molecular pathways for targeted endometrial cancer trials. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84579-84594. [PMID: 29137450 PMCID: PMC5663622 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates from endometrial cancer are increasing. There have been no new drugs approved for the treatment of endometrial cancer in decades. The National Cancer Institute, Gynecologic Cancer Steering Committee identified the integration of molecular and/or histologic stratification into endometrial cancer management as a top strategic priority. Based on this, they convened a group of experts to review the molecular data in this disease. Here we report on the actionable opportunities and therapeutic directions identified for incorporation into future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J. MacKay
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Division of Gynecologic Cancer, Department of OB/GYN, NYU Langone Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CA, United States
| | - Daphne W. Bell
- Reproductive Cancer Genetics Section, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute/NIH, MSC 8000, Bethesda, ML, United States
| | - Jessica N. McAlpine
- University of British Columbia & BC Cancer Agency, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alessandro Santin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gini F. Fleming
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David G. Mutch
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kenneth P. Nephew
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, ML, United States
| | - Paul J. Goodfellow
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center and The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Oliver Dorigo
- Division Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hans W. Nijman
- Department of Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Russell Broaddus
- Department of Pathology, Unit 85, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elise C. Kohn
- Clinical Investigations Branch of The Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, ML, United States
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Moradi Sarabi M, Ghareghani P, Khademi F, Zal F. Oral Contraceptive Use May Modulate Global Genomic DNA Methylation and Promoter Methylation of APC1 and ESR1. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2361-2366. [PMID: 28950679 PMCID: PMC5720637 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.9.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There are challenging reports in the public health sphere regarding associations between oral contraceptive (OC) use and cancer risk. Methods: To evaluate possible effects of OCs on cancer susceptibility, we quantified of global 5-methyl cytosine (5-mC) levels and assessed methylation patterns of CpG islands of two key tumor suppressor genes, APC1 and ESR1, in serum of users by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and methylation specific PCR methods, respectively. Results: Our results indicated that OCs significantly decrease the level of global DNA methylation in users relative to control non-users. However, our data revealed no significant differences between CpG island methylation patterns for ESR1 and APC1 in healthy control and OC-treated women. However, we did find a trend for hypermethylation of both tumor suppressor genes in OC users. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the level of 5-mC but not individual CpG island patterns is significantly influenced by OCs in our cross-section of adult users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Moradi Sarabi
- Biochemistry and Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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34
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Pabalan N, Kunjantarachot A, Ruangpratheep C, Jarjanazi H, Christofolini DM, Barbosa CP, Bianco B. Potential of RASSF1A promoter methylation as biomarker for endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 146:603-608. [PMID: 28669560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An epigenetic approach to explaining endometrial carcinogenesis necessitates good understanding of Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) promoter methylation data from primary studies. AIMS Differential magnitude of reported associations between RASSF1A promoter methylation and endometrial cancer (EC) prompted a meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates. METHODS Literature search yielded eight included articles. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals and subgrouped the data by race. Sources of heterogeneity were investigated with outlier analysis. RESULTS The pooled ORs indicated increased risk, mostly significant. The overall effect (OR 11.46) was reflected in the European outcome (OR 15.07). However, both findings were heterogeneous (I2=57-70%) which when subjected to outlier treatment, erased heterogeneity (I2=0%) and retained significance (OR 9.85-12.66). Significance of these pre- and post-outlier outcomes were pegged at P≤0.0001. Only the Asian pre-outlier (OR 6.85) and heterogeneous (I2=82%) outcome was not significant (P=0.12) but when subjected to outlier treatment, erased heterogeneity (I2=0%) and generated significance (OR 23.74, P≤0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Consistent increased risk associations underpinned by significance and robustness render RASSF1A with good biomarker potential for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Pabalan
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| | | | | | - Hamdi Jarjanazi
- Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denise Maria Christofolini
- Human Reproduction and Genetics Center, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André/SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Parente Barbosa
- Human Reproduction and Genetics Center, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André/SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Bianco
- Human Reproduction and Genetics Center, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André/SP, Brazil
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Bartosch C, Lopes JM, Jerónimo C. Epigenetics in endometrial carcinogenesis - part 1: DNA methylation. Epigenomics 2017; 9:737-755. [PMID: 28470096 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a multistep multifactorial process that involves the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. In the past two decades, there has been an exponential growth of knowledge establishing the importance of epigenetic changes in cancer. Our work focused on reviewing the main role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma, highlighting the reported results concerning each epigenetic mechanistic layer. The present review is the first part of this work, in which we examined the contribution of DNA methylation alterations for endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Bartosch
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology & Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Lopes
- Department of Pathology & Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology & Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology & Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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36
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Promoter Hypermethylation Analysis of the Tumor Suppressor Genes RASSF1A and RASSF2A in Iranian Endometrial Carcinoma Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.8629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Liu J, Yuan F, Gao J, Shan B, Ren Y, Wang H, Gao Y. Oral isoflavone supplementation on endometrial thickness: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17369-79. [PMID: 26967050 PMCID: PMC4951218 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Isoflavone from soy and other plants modulate hormonal effects in women, and the hormone disorder might result in different caners including endometrial cancer. However, it's effect on the risk of endometrial cancer is still inconclusive. We aimed to assess the effects of isoflavone on endometrial thickness, a risk factor of endometrial cancer in peri- and post-menopausal women. Methods A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral isoflavone supplementation on endometrial thickness in peri- and post-menopausal women. Electronic searches were performed on the PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, web of science, CINAHL, and WHO ICTRP to August 1st, 2015. Reviews and reference lists of relevant articles were also searched to identify more studies. Summary estimates of standard mean differences (SMD's) and 95%CIs were obtained with random-effects models. Heterogeneity was evaluated with meta-regression and stratified analyses. Results A total of 23 trials were included in the current analysis. The overall results did not show significant change of endometrial thickness after oral isoflavone supplementation (23 studies, 2167subjects; SMD:-0.05; 95%CI:-0.23, 0.13; P=0.60). Stratified analysis suggested that a daily dose of more than 54mg could decrease the endometrial thickness for 0.26mm (10 trials, 984subjects; SMD:-0.26; 95%CI:-0.45, −0.07; P=0.007). Furthermore, isoflavone supplementation significantly decrease the endometrial thickness for 0.23mm in North American studies (7 trials, 726 subjects; SMD:-0.23; 95%CI:-0.44, −0.01; P=0.04), but it suggested an increase for 0.23mm in Asian studies (3 trials, 224 subjects; SMD: 0.23; 95%CI:-0.04, 0.50; P=0.10). Conclusion Oral isoflavone supplementation might have different effects in different populations and at different daily doses. Multiple-centre, larger, and long-term trials are deserved to further evaluate its effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feixiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Nutrition Department, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boer Shan
- Department of Female Tumor, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulan Ren
- Department of Female Tumor, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Department of Female Tumor, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Zhang J, Huang K. Pan-cancer analysis of frequent DNA co-methylation patterns reveals consistent epigenetic landscape changes in multiple cancers. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:1045. [PMID: 28198667 PMCID: PMC5310283 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation is the major form of epigenetic modifications through which the cell regulates the gene expression and silencing. There have been extensive studies on the roles of DNA methylation in cancers, and several cancer drugs were developed targeting this process. However, DNA co-methylation cluster has not been examined in depth, and co-methylation in multiple cancer types has never been studied previously. Results In this study, we applied newly developed lmQCM algorithm to mine co-methylation clusters using methylome data from 11 cancer types in TCGA database, and found frequent co-methylated gene clusters exist in these cancer types. Among the four identified frequent clusters, two of them separate the tumor sample from normal sample in 10 out of 11 cancer types, which indicates that consistent epigenetic landscape changes exist in multiple cancer types. Conclusion This discovery provides new insight on the epigenetic regulation in cancers and leads to potential new direction for epigenetic biomarker and cancer drug discovery. We also found that genes commonly believed to be silenced via hypermethylation in cancers may still display highly variable methylation levels among cancer cells, and should be considered while using them as epigenetic biomarkers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3259-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Farkas SA, Sorbe BG, Nilsson TK. Epigenetic changes as prognostic predictors in endometrial carcinomas. Epigenetics 2016; 12:19-26. [PMID: 27874289 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1252891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most frequent gynecological malignancies of the female. The diagnostic and prognostic markers for the high-risk subgroups with unfavorable prognosis are under intense debate worldwide, and, therefore, the aim of this study was to identify new potential DNA methylation markers for the high-risk groups. We used the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip to analyze the DNA methylation pattern and investigated its association with clinicopathological features important for defining the high-risk (FIGO-grade 3) and low-risk (FIGO-grade 1) groups of patients with endometrial cancer (n = 31 and n = 39, respectively). We identified specific DNA methylation signature in high-risk endometrial tumors, and potential molecular biomarker genes (TBX2, CHST11, and NID2) associated with unfavorable clinical predictive and prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja A Farkas
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Bengt G Sorbe
- b Department of Oncology , University Hospital and Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Torbjörn K Nilsson
- c Department of Medical Biosciences/Clinical Chemistry , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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Ruan P, Shen J, Santella RM, Zhou S, Wang S. NEpiC: a network-assisted algorithm for epigenetic studies using mean and variance combined signals. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:e134. [PMID: 27302130 PMCID: PMC5027497 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation plays an important role in many biological processes. Existing epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have successfully identified aberrantly methylated genes in many diseases and disorders with most studies focusing on analysing methylation sites one at a time. Incorporating prior biological information such as biological networks has been proven to be powerful in identifying disease-associated genes in both gene expression studies and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) but has been under studied in EWAS. Although recent studies have noticed that there are differences in methylation variation in different groups, only a few existing methods consider variance signals in DNA methylation studies. Here, we present a network-assisted algorithm, NEpiC, that combines both mean and variance signals in searching for differentially methylated sub-networks using the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. In simulation studies, we demonstrate the power gain from using both the prior biological information and variance signals compared to using either of the two or neither information. Applications to several DNA methylation datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project and DNA methylation data on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) suggest that the proposed NEpiC algorithm identifies more cancer-related genes and generates better replication results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Ruan
- School of Computer Science and Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shuigeng Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Verma M. The Role of Epigenomics in the Study of Cancer Biomarkers and in the Development of Diagnostic Tools. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 867:59-80. [PMID: 26530360 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7215-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics plays a key role in cancer development. Genetics alone cannot explain sporadic cancer and cancer development in individuals with no family history or a weak family history of cancer. Epigenetics provides a mechanism to explain the development of cancer in such situations. Alterations in epigenetic profiling may provide important insights into the etiology and natural history of cancer. Because several epigenetic changes occur before histopathological changes, they can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and risk assessment. Many cancers may remain asymptomatic until relatively late stages; in managing the disease, efforts should be focused on early detection, accurate prediction of disease progression, and frequent monitoring. This chapter describes epigenetic biomarkers as they are expressed during cancer development and their potential use in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Based on epigenomic information, biomarkers have been identified that may serve as diagnostic tools; some such biomarkers also may be useful in identifying individuals who will respond to therapy and survive longer. The importance of analytical and clinical validation of biomarkers is discussed, along with challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Verma
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Suite# 4E102. 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9763, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9726, USA.
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Zhao M, Liu Y, O'Mara TA. ECGene: A Literature-Based Knowledgebase of Endometrial Cancer Genes. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:337-43. [PMID: 26699919 PMCID: PMC5066700 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) ranks as the sixth common cancer for women worldwide. To better distinguish cancer subtypes and identify effective early diagnostic biomarkers, we need improved understanding of the biological mechanisms associated with EC dysregulated genes. Although there is a wealth of clinical and molecular information relevant to EC in the literature, there has been no systematic summary of EC‐implicated genes. In this study, we developed a literature‐based database ECGene (Endometrial Cancer Gene database) with comprehensive annotations. ECGene features manual curation of 414 genes from thousands of publications, results from eight EC gene expression datasets, precomputation of coexpressed long noncoding RNAs, and an EC‐implicated gene interactome. In the current release, we generated and comprehensively annotated a list of 458 EC‐implicated genes. We found the top‐ranked EC‐implicated genes are frequently mutated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) tumor samples. Furthermore, systematic analysis of coexpressed lncRNAs provided insight into the important roles of lncRNA in EC development. ECGene has a user‐friendly Web interface and is freely available at http://ecgene.bioinfo‐minzhao.org/. As the first literature‐based online resource for EC, ECGene serves as a useful gateway for researchers to explore EC genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Yining Liu
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Tracy A O'Mara
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
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Chen Z, Che Q, Jiang FZ, Wang HH, Wang FY, Liao Y, Wan XP. Piwil1 causes epigenetic alteration of PTEN gene via upregulation of DNA methyltransferase in type I endometrial cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:876-80. [PMID: 26056945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Piwil1, a member of the Piwi family, has been well demonstrated to mediate tumorigenesis associated with DNA hypermethylation. It has been reported that Piwil1 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including endometrial cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of Piwil1 in endometrial cancer remains largely unclear. PTEN exerts an important tumor suppressor role in endometrial carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate whether Piwil1 could regulate the expression of PTEN. Herein, we found that Piwil1 could promote the loss of PTEN expression and increase aberrant hypermethylation of PTEN gene promoter in Ishikawa cells. We also found that Piwil1 could regulate the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Silencing DNMT1 gene could upregulate the PTEN gene expression and change the methylation status of PTEN gene promoter in Ishikawa cells. These results suggested that Piwil1 caused the loss of PTEN expression through DNMT1-mediated PTEN hypermethylation. Taken together, these data provide a novel regulatory mechanism of Piwil1 in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Che
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Zhou Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Suga Y, Sugai T, Uesugi N, Kawasaki T, Fukagawa T, Yamamoto E, Ishida K, Suzuki H, Sugiyama T. Molecular analysis of isolated tumor glands from endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Pathol Int 2015; 65:240-9. [PMID: 25824640 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We studied the extensive molecular alterations of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEA) using a crypt isolation method. We analyzed copy number variation (CNV) using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, genetic mutations (KRAS, BRAF, p53, PIK3CA), DNA methylation and microsatellite instability (MSI) status. In addition, loss of PTEN protein expression was examined. Increased chromosome copy numbers of 1q21.2-44 (22%) and 10q11.21-23.31 (28%) were seen relatively frequently in EEA, and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was also observed in 10q22.1-26.3 (22%). The CNV patterns of EEA were classified into four groups through hierarchical cluster analysis. Cluster 1 had many CNVs of 10q, and cluster 2 was characterized by MSI status. In cluster 3, increased CNVs of 1q were often seen. In cluster 4, p53 mutations were detected. KRAS and PIK3CA mutations and reduced PTEN protein expression were common to all groups. On the other hand, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was rare in all groups. The data indicated an association with chromosomal gain of 1q and 10q or 10q copy-neutral LOH in some cases. We suggest that EEA consists of four groups that are characterized with molecular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Suga
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
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Bakkum-Gamez JN, Wentzensen N, Maurer MJ, Hawthorne KM, Voss JS, Kroneman TN, Famuyide AO, Clayton AC, Halling KC, Kerr SE, Cliby WA, Dowdy SC, Kipp BR, Mariani A, Oberg AL, Podratz KC, Shridhar V, Sherman ME. Detection of endometrial cancer via molecular analysis of DNA collected with vaginal tampons. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 137:14-22. [PMID: 25677060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We demonstrate the feasibility of detecting EC by combining minimally-invasive specimen collection techniques with sensitive molecular testing. METHODS Prior to hysterectomy for EC or benign indications, women collected vaginal pool samples with intravaginal tampons and underwent endometrial brushing. Specimens underwent pyrosequencing for DNA methylation of genes reported to be hypermethylated in gynecologic cancers and recently identified markers discovered by profiling over 200 ECs. Methylation was evaluated individually across CpGs and averaged across genes. Differences between EC and benign endometrium (BE) were assessed using two-sample t-tests and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS Thirty-eight ECs and 28 BEs were included. We evaluated 97 CpGs within 12 genes, including previously reported markers (RASSF1, HSP2A, HOXA9, CDH13, HAAO, and GTF2A1) and those identified in discovery work (ASCL2, HTR1B, NPY, HS3ST2, MME, ADCYAP1, and additional CDH13 CpG sites). Mean methylation was higher in tampon specimens from EC v. BE for 9 of 12 genes (ADCYAP1, ASCL2, CDH13, HS3ST2, HTR1B, MME, HAAO, HOXA9, and RASSF1) (all p<0.05). Among these genes, relative hypermethylation was observed in EC v. BE across CpGs. Endometrial brush and tampon results were similar. Within tampon specimens, AUC was highest for HTR1B (0.82), RASSF1 (0.75), and HOXA9 (0.74). This is the first report of HOXA9 hypermethylation in EC. CONCLUSION DNA hypermethylation in EC tissues can also be identified in vaginal pool DNA collected via intravaginal tampon. Identification of additional EC biomarkers and refined collection methods are needed to develop an early detection tool for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie N Bakkum-Gamez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Hormonal and Reproductive Branch (HREB), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA
| | - Matthew J Maurer
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kieran M Hawthorne
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jesse S Voss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Trynda N Kroneman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abimbola O Famuyide
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amy C Clayton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kevin C Halling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sarah E Kerr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William A Cliby
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sean C Dowdy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Benjamin R Kipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrea Mariani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Karl C Podratz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Hormonal and Reproductive Branch (HREB), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA
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Hsiao SM, Chen MW, Chen CA, Chien MH, Hua KT, Hsiao M, Kuo ML, Wei LH. The H3K9 Methyltransferase G9a Represses E-cadherin and is Associated with Myometrial Invasion in Endometrial Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 Suppl 3:S1556-65. [PMID: 25613390 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that G9a, a histone methyltransferase, is involved in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the functional significance of G9a in endometrial carcinogenesis has not been defined. METHODS The differential expression of G9a in cancer and normal tissues was assessed using an array of 28 paired samples. Tissue specimens from 94 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent primary surgery were immunohistochemically evaluated for G9a and E-cadherin expression. To assess the biologic role of G9a in endometrial cancer, G9a was either stably knocked down or knocked down using a tetracycline-controllable system in endometrial cancer cells, followed by functional assays. RESULTS Increased G9a expression was identified in endometrial cancer tissues, and its expression was specifically correlated with deep myometrial invasion. Cell invasiveness was inhibited by an RNAi-mediated knockdown of G9a in invasive endometrial cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. An important mediator of G9a-induced tumor invasion is the epigenetic silencing of E-cadherin. Knockdown of G9a restored E-cadherin expression by reducing H3K9me2 levels and decreasing CDH1 promoter DNA methyltransferase recruitment. Knockdown of RNAi-mediated E-cadherin substantially relieved the invasion suppression imposed by G9a suppression. A significant negative correlation between G9a and E-cadherin expression was observed in endometrial cancer (Spearman's rho, -0.27; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first clear evidence that G9a contributes to endometrial cancer progression. Mechanistic investigations suggest that E-cadherin repression mediates the effects of G9a. Targeting G9a-mediated epigenetic pathway dysregulation may be a therapeutic strategy for endometrial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Mou Hsiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-An Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Wan Fan Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Liang Kuo
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Hung Wei
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Theisen ER, Gajiwala S, Bearss J, Sorna V, Sharma S, Janat-Amsbury M. Reversible inhibition of lysine specific demethylase 1 is a novel anti-tumor strategy for poorly differentiated endometrial carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:752. [PMID: 25300887 PMCID: PMC4197342 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy. Type II endometrial carcinoma is often poorly differentiated and patients diagnosed with Type II disease (~11%) are disproportionately represented in annual endometrial cancer deaths (48%). Recent genomic studies highlight mutations in chromatin regulators as drivers in Type II endometrial carcinoma tumorigenesis, suggesting the use of epigenetic targeted therapies could provide clinical benefit to these patients. We investigated the anti-tumor efficacy of the LSD1 inhibitor HCI2509 in two poorly differentiated Type II endometrial cancer cell lines AN3CA and KLE. METHODS The effects of HCI2509 on viability, proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, global histone methylation, LSD1 target gene induction, cell cycle, caspase activation and TUNEL were assayed. KLE cells were used in an orthotopic xenograft model to assess the anti-tumor activity of HCI2509. RESULTS Both AN3CA and KLE cells were sensitive to HCI2509 treatment with IC50s near 500 nM for cell viability. Inhibition of LSD1 with HCI2509 caused decreased proliferation and anchorage independent growth in soft agar, elevated global histone methylation, and perturbed the cell cycle in both cell lines. These effects were largely dose-dependent. HCI2509 treatment also caused apoptotic cell death. Orthotopic implantation of KLE cells resulted in slow-growing and diffuse tumors throughout the abdomen. Tumor burden was distributed log-normally. Treatment with HCI2509 resulted 5/9 tumor regressions such that treatment and regressions were significantly associated (p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the anti-cancer properties of the LSD1 inhibitor HCI2509 on poorly differentiated endometrial carcinoma cell lines, AN3CA and KLE. HCI2509 showed single-agent efficacy in orthotopic xenograft studies. Continued studies are needed to preclinically validate LSD1 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Margit Janat-Amsbury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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CADM1, MAL and miR124-2 methylation analysis in cervical scrapes to detect cervical and endometrial cancer. J Clin Pathol 2014; 67:1067-71. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AimsGene promoter hypermethylation is recognised as an essential early step in carcinogenesis, indicating important application areas for DNA methylation analysis in early cancer detection. The current study was set out to assess the performance of CADM1, MAL and miR124-2 methylation analysis in cervical scrapes for detection of cervical and endometrial cancer.MethodsA series of cervical scrapes of women with cervical (n=79) or endometrial (n=21) cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) (n=16) or CIN2 (n=32), and women without evidence of CIN2 or worse (n=120) were assessed for methylation of CADM1, MAL and miR124-2. Methylation analysis was done by the PreCursor-M assay, a multiplex quantitative methylation-specific PCR.ResultsAll samples of women with cervical cancer (79/79, 100%), independent of the histotype, and 76% (16/21; 95% CI 58.0% to 94.4%) of women with endometrial cancer scored positive for DNA methylation for at least one of the three genes. In women without cancer, methylation frequencies increased significantly with severity of disease from 19.2% (23/120; 95% CI 12.1% to 26.2%) in women without CIN2 or worse to 37.5% (12/32; 95% CI 20.7% to 54.3%) and 68.8% (11/16; 95% CI 46.0% to 91.5%) in women with CIN2 and CIN3, respectively. Overall methylation positivity and the number of methylated genes increased proportionally to the lesion severity.ConclusionsDNA methylation analysis of CADM1, MAL and miR124-2 in cervical scrapes consistently detects cervical cancer and the majority of CIN3 lesions, and has the capacity to broaden its use on cervical scrapes through the detection of a substantial subset of endometrial carcinomas.
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Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Advances in sequencing technologies have enabled the examination of liver cancer genomes at high resolution; somatic mutations, structural alterations, HBV integration, RNA editing and retrotransposon changes have been comprehensively identified. Furthermore, integrated analyses of trans-omics data (genome, transcriptome and methylome data) have identified multiple critical genes and pathways implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis. These analyses have uncovered potential therapeutic targets, including growth factor signalling, WNT signalling, the NFE2L2-mediated oxidative pathway and chromatin modifying factors, and paved the way for new molecular classifications for clinical application. The aetiological factors associated with liver cancer are well understood; however, their effects on the accumulation of somatic changes and the influence of ethnic variation in risk factors still remain unknown. The international collaborations of cancer genome sequencing projects are expected to contribute to an improved understanding of risk evaluation, diagnosis and therapy for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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50
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Hoivik EA, Kusonmano K, Halle MK, Berg A, Wik E, Werner HMJ, Petersen K, Oyan AM, Kalland KH, Krakstad C, Trovik J, Widschwendter M, Salvesen HB. Hypomethylation of the CTCFL/BORIS promoter and aberrant expression during endometrial cancer progression suggests a role as an Epi-driver gene. Oncotarget 2014; 5:1052-61. [PMID: 24658009 PMCID: PMC4011582 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers arise through accumulating genetic and epigenetic alterations, considered relevant for phenotype and approaches to targeting new therapies. We investigated a unique collection of endometrial cancer precursor samples and clinically annotated primary and metastatic lesions for two evolutionary and functionally related transcription factors, CCCTC-binding factor (zinc finger protein) (CTCF) and its paralogue CTCF-like factor, also denoted Brother of the Regulator of Imprinted Sites (CTCFL/BORIS). CTCF, a chromatin modeling- and transcription factor, is normally expressed in a ubiquitous fashion, while CTCFL/BORIS is restricted to the testis. In cancer, CTCF is thought to be a tumor suppressor, while CTCFL/BORIS has been suggested as an oncogene. CTCF mutations were identified in 13%, with CTCF hotspot frameshift mutations at p.T204, all observed solely in the endometrioid subtype, but with no association with outcome. Interestingly, CTCFL/BORIS was amongst the top ranked genes differentially expressed between endometrioid and non-endometrioid tumors, and increasing mRNA level of CTCFL/BORIS was highly significantly associated with poor survival. As aberrant CTCFL/BORIS expression might relate to loss of methylation, we explored methylation status in clinical samples from complex atypical hyperplasia, through primary tumors to metastatic lesions, demonstrating a pattern of DNA methylation loss during disease development and progression in line with the increase in CTCFL/BORIS mRNA expression observed. Thus, CTCF and CTCFL/BORIS are found to diverge in the different subtypes of endometrial cancer, with CTCFL/BORIS activation through demethylation from precursors to metastatic lesions. We thus propose, CTCFL/BORIS as an Epi-driver gene in endometrial cancer, suggesting a potential for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erling A. Hoivik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kanthida Kusonmano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari K. Halle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anna Berg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Henrica M. J. Werner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjell Petersen
- Computational Biology Unit, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne M. Oyan
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl-Henning Kalland
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jone Trovik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Martin Widschwendter
- Department of Women's Cancer, University College London Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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