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Zhao M, Zou H, Chen Y, Zheng S, Duan Z. Efficacy of antepartum administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus. J Viral Hepat 2019; 26:1059-1065. [PMID: 31087455 PMCID: PMC6852199 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of antepartum administration of three doses of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in interrupting mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). In this trial, a total of 728 HBeAg-positive pregnant women with chronic HBV infection who had an HBV DNA level higher than 6log10 copies/mL were enrolled. They were divided into three groups based on individual preference. Subjects in group A and group B received 200 IU (unit) HBIG and 400 IU (unit) HBIG intramuscularly once a month at the third, second and first month before delivery, respectively. Subjects in the control group (C) received no special treatment. All the infants received passive-active immunoprophylaxis. The HBsAg-positive rate of all infants at 7-12 months of age was 5.1% (37/728). Specifically, the HBsAg-positive rate of infants was comparable in all three groups (5.3% vs 5.1% vs 5%, P = 0.988). No significant difference was found in anti-HBs levels between the infants aged 7-12 months in the three groups (P = 0.469). HBV DNA levels of the umbilical cord blood in the HBV-infected group were higher than those in the uninfected group (5.2 vs 3.4log10 copies/mL, P < 0.001), and these with family history of HBV infection were also higher (45.9% vs 28.5%, P = 0.034). To conclude, administration of passive-active immunoprophylaxis to infants contributed to effective prevention of the MTCT of HBV; extra antepartum administration of HBIG during pregnancy could not decrease the rate of MTCT or increase the anti-HBs levels of infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers with HBV DNA higher than 6log10 copies/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhao
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Huaibin Zou
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Yu Chen
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Sujun Zheng
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment ResearchBeijingChina
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Hsu SH, Chih AH, Lee YC, Huang KC, Jan CF. Higher disappearance rate of anti-HBs in Taiwanese freshers neonatally vaccinated with recombinant yeast hepatitis B vaccine. Liver Int 2017; 37:1780-1787. [PMID: 28374906 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM The aim of this study was to compare the long-term efficacy of infant recombinant yeast hepatitis B vaccine (Recombinant group) and infant plasma-derived one (Plasma group) in Taiwanese freshers. METHODS Recruited were a total of 38 377 freshmen who underwent university entrance health examinations from 2003 to 2015. Subjects were assigned into two groups-plasma type and recombinant type, according to the national neonatal hepatitis B immunization program. The seroprevalences of hepatitis B surface antigen, antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen, and antibody against hepatitis B core antigen in each group and gender were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of two groups. RESULTS The HBsAg-positive rates in the plasma group and recombinant group were 1.5% and 0.3% respectively. The anti-HBs positive rates were 43.6% and 30.9%. The hepatitis B viral natural infection rates were 3.6% and 1.3%. Taking those who were born in July 1986-April 1992 as baseline group after adjustment for gender and age at hepatitis B markers checkup time, the efficacy of recombinant group in decreasing HBsAg positive rate, and decreasing hepatitis B virus natural infection rate was 71.0% (95% C.I.: 59.0-79.0%, P<.001) and 65.0% (95% C.I. 58.0-71.0%, P<.001) respectively. On the contrary, the seroprevalence of anti-HBs positive rate in recombinant group was 39.0% (95% C.I.: 36.0-42.0%, P<.001) lower than that of plasma group. (P<.001). CONCLUSION Higher disappearance rate of anti-HBs was noted in recombinant group than in plasma group when the subjects reached their youth and young adulthood in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Hsu
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Hsuan Chih
- The School Health Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Lee
- The School Health Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Feng Jan
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,The School Health Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jafarzadeh A, Keshavarz J, Bagheri-Jamebozorgi M, Nemati M, Frootan R, Shokri F. The association of the vitamin D status with the persistence of anti-HBs antibody at 20years after primary vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in infancy. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2017; 41:66-74. [PMID: 27459879 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Vitamin D has potent immunoregulatory effects due to the expression of its receptor on the majority of immune cells. The aim was to evaluate the association of the vitamin D status with the persistence of anti-HBs antibody and immune response to booster immunization at 20years after primary vaccination with hepatitis B (HB) vaccine. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 300 adults 20years after completion of the primary HB vaccination in infancy. The serum levels of vitamin D and anti-HBs antibody were measured by ELISA. A single booster dose of a recombinant HB vaccine was administered to a total of 138 subjects, whose anti-HBs titer was<10IU/L. The sera of revaccinated subjects were re-tested for anti-HBs antibody, 4weeks after booster vaccination. RESULTS At 20years after primary vaccination, the mean vitamin D concentrations were significantly higher in seroprotective subjects as compared to non-seroprotective individuals (P<0.01). The levels of anti-HBs were significantly increased with advanced concentrations of vitamin D (P<0.01). Overall, 125/138 (90.6%) of the revaccinated subjects showed an anamnestic response to booster vaccination. The concentrations of vitamin D were significantly higher in subjects with an anamnestic response to booster vaccination as compared with subjects without this response (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Vitamin D status may influence the persistence of anti-HBs antibody and durability of protection after primary vaccination with a recombinant HB vaccine in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Sq., Rafsanjan, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - J Keshavarz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Sq., Rafsanjan, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Bagheri-Jamebozorgi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Nemati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - R Frootan
- Islamic Azad University of Flavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - F Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Du J, Xu Y, Wang J, Liu S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Xu E. 24 year outcomes of hepatitis B vaccination in Hangzhou, China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:2051-60. [PMID: 25714188 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1008873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of the universal infant HepB vaccination program on hepatitis B virus infection in Hangzhou, China. Hepatitis B incidences and HepB vaccination rates of Hangzhou from 1990 to 2003 were acquired from the historical paper-documents, while which were derived from China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention and Zhejiang Information System for Immunization Program respectively from 2004 to 2013. A serology survey among person aged 0-59 y was conducted in Hangzhou in 2006. Participants were selected by stratified, multi-stage random sampling. Serum specimens were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs , anti-HBc , HBeAg and anti-HBe by ELISA. For the past 24 years, hepatitis B incidence and mortality of Hangzhou declined dramatically (χ(2) = 3.2 × 10(4); χ(2) = 172.443; both P for trend < 0.001). Both urban and rural incidence descended (χ(2)urban = 1.904 × 10(4); χ(2)rural = 1.633 × 10(4) ; both P for trend < 0.001).Hepatitis B patients mainly concentrated in 20-40 y old; workers and farmers were the main infection occupations, which was varies in different years (χ(2) = 1.619 × 10(3), P < 0.001). Significant association was found between incidence of hepatitis B and HepB vaccination rate (r = 0 .946, χ(2) = 11.813, Pfor trend = 0.001). A total of 5605 participants aged 0-59 y included in this serological survey. The prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe were 6.19%, 45.83%, 57.25%, 0.62%, and 4.37%, respectively. Hangzhou has successfully integrated the HepB into routine immunization programs and this has had a significant impact on decreasing the incidence of hepatitis B infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- a Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Hangzhou , China
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Yu L, Wang J, Wangen KR, Chen R, Maitland E, Nicholas S. Factors associated with adults' perceived need to vaccinate against hepatitis B in rural China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:1149-54. [PMID: 27042968 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1132964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public-health issue in China. While the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing HBV infection, the HBV vaccination coverage rates among Chinese adults remain low. From a survey of rural adults from 7 provinces in China, we identified a unique HBV at-risk group: rural adults who had no history of HBV vaccination and had no plan to HBV vaccinate in the future. We divided this 'no history-no plan' group into those who identified No-need to vaccinate and those that perceived a Need to vaccinate (even if they had no plan to do so). We found age, marital status, health status, perceived HBV infection environment, perceived HBV infection risk and perceived HBV infection severity explained differences between the 'No-need' and 'Need" to HBV vaccinate groups. Education, occupation and knowledge of hepatitis B and HBV transmission were not associated with HBV vaccination need. Our results showed that free HBV vaccinations and reimbursement for vaccinating could significantly increase the HBV vaccinate take-up rate for both Need and No-need rural adults. A tailored public health HBV campaign, especially targeting the No-need subgroup, would increase vaccination rates by better informing rural adults about HBV transmission routes, the dangers of HBV infection, the effectiveness of HBV vaccinations and the safety of HBV vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Yu
- a Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Jian Wang
- b Institute of Social Medicine and Health Management and Center for Health Economic Experiment and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | | | - Ruohan Chen
- a Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Elizabeth Maitland
- d Australian School of Business University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Stephen Nicholas
- e Tianjin Normal University, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, University of Newcastle , Newcastle , NSW , Australia
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Li J, Yao J, Shan H, Chen Y, Jiang ZG, Ren JJ, Xu KJ, Ruan B, Yang SG, Wang B, Xie TS, Li Q. Comparison of the effect of two different doses of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine on immunogenicity in healthy adults. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1108-13. [PMID: 25607773 DOI: 10.4161/21645515.2014.988547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the one-month immune response to 2 different doses (10 and 20 μg) of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in adults aged 20-46 y. Subjects who were negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B antibody (anti-HBs), and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) were recruited. The participants were divided into 2 groups: group I received 3 doses of 10 μg hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1 and 3 months, and group II received 3 doses of 20 μg at the same time points. The anti-HBs levels were measured one month after the third vaccination. Among 739 subjects, 62 (9.70%) were positive for HBsAg, and 317 subjects were eligible. The anti-HBs seroprotection rates (anti-HBs ≥ 10 mIU/mL was considered to indicate seroprotection) after the third vaccination were 88.05% and 94.06% in group I and group II respectively, and the geometric mean titers were 91.69 and 290.23 mIU/mL respectively. The difference in the seroprotection rate was not significant (χ(2) = 2.566, P > 0.05), but the GMT after the third dose was significantly lower for group I than for group II (F = 20.587, P < 0.05). Better responses were observed in young adults, especially in group I. In group I, the seroprotection rate and GMT were significantly higher in the 20-35 y group than in the 36-46 y group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference compared to group II (P > 0.05). The hepatitis B vaccine has good immunological effect; the 20 μg dose can be used in adults aged 20-46 y and the 10 μg dose can be used in subjects aged 20-35 years, and it should be tested on a larger number of subjects before recommending it for adult routine vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- a School of Medicine; Ningbo University ; Ningbo , China
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Kang G, Ma F, Chen H, Yang Y, Guo S, Wang Z, Liang X, Li L, Cui F, Zhang L. Efficacy of antigen dosage on the hepatitis B vaccine response in infants born to hepatitis B-uninfected and hepatitis B-infected mothers. Vaccine 2015; 33:4093-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Yu L, Wang J, Zhu D, Leng A, Wangen KR. Hepatitis B-related knowledge and vaccination in association with discrimination against Hepatitis B in rural China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015. [PMID: 26211570 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1069932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a challenging public-health issue in China. Hepatitis B carriers and patients suffer not only physically but also experience strong discrimination and stigma. China's rural population is 629 million. Thus, there is a great need to understand the situation surrounding HBV-related discrimination in everyday life in rural China. We studied 6,538 participants (≥18 y old) from 42 villages across 7 provinces (districts). Many studies have addressed discrimination against those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, few studies have addressed HBV-related discrimination. We found that the fear of HBV infection, not lack of knowledge about it, predominantly leads to HBV-related discrimination (although limited knowledge is also a cause). Notably, receiving the HBV vaccination contributes to reduced discrimination. In addition, the existence of fewer misunderstandings about false HBV transmission routes plays a more important role in discrimination than does understanding of true HBV transmission routes. Therefore, to reduce HBV-related discrimination, policy makers should consider eliminating HBV-related fear, strengthening adult HBV immunization programs, developing large-scale education dissemination about HBV transmission routes and non-transmission routes, and paying greater attention to target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Yu
- a Institute of Social Medicine and Health Management; Center for Health Economic Experiment and Public Policy; School of Public Health; Shandong University ; Jinan China
| | - Jian Wang
- a Institute of Social Medicine and Health Management; Center for Health Economic Experiment and Public Policy; School of Public Health; Shandong University ; Jinan China
| | - Dawei Zhu
- b Center for Health Policy and Management; Institute of Medical Information & Library; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking Union Medical College ; Beijing , China
| | - Anli Leng
- a Institute of Social Medicine and Health Management; Center for Health Economic Experiment and Public Policy; School of Public Health; Shandong University ; Jinan China
| | - Knut R Wangen
- c Department of Health Management and Health Economics; University of Oslo ; Oslo , Norway
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Hayden CA, Fischer ME, Andrews BL, Chilton HC, Turner DD, Walker JH, Tizard IR, Howard JA. Oral delivery of wafers made from HBsAg-expressing maize germ induces long-term immunological systemic and mucosal responses. Vaccine 2015; 33:2881-6. [PMID: 25944300 PMCID: PMC4445721 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been administered over the last 20 years as a parenteral vaccine against the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Despite high seroconversion rates, chronic infection rates are still high worldwide. Orally delivered vaccines provide a practical alternative to injected vaccines, potentially helping poorly responding populations and providing a viable alternative for populations in remote locations. Anamnestic responses are vital to establishing the efficacy of a given vaccine and have been assessed in this study using a plant-based oral delivery platform expressing HBsAg. METHODS Long-term immunological memory was assessed in mice injected with a primary dose of Recombivax and boosted with orally-delivered HBsAg wafers, control wafers, or parenterally-delivered commercial vaccine (Recombivax). RESULTS Mice boosted with HBsAg orally-administered wafers displayed sharp increases in mucosal IgA titers in fecal material and steep increases in serum IgA, whereas mice boosted with Recombivax showed no detectable levels of IgA in either fecal or serum samples following four boosting treatments. Long-term memory in the orally-treated mice was evidenced by sustained fecal IgA, and serum IgA, IgG, and mIU/mL over one year, while Recombivax-treated mice displayed sustained serum IgG and mIU/mL. Furthermore, sharp increases in these same antibodies were induced after re-boosting at 47 and 50 weeks post-primary injection. CONCLUSIONS Orally-delivered vaccines can provide long-term immune responses mucosally and systemically. For sexually-transmitted diseases that can be acquired at mucosal surfaces, such as HBV, an oral delivery platform may provide added protection over a conventional parenterally administered vaccine.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis
- Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood
- Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology
- Hepatitis B Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Hepatitis B Vaccines/immunology
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/immunology
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/prevention & control
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunoglobulin A/blood
- Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/analysis
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Immunologic Memory
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Vaccination/methods
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Zea mays/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine A Hayden
- Applied Biotechnology Institute, Cal Poly Tech Park, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Maria E Fischer
- Applied Biotechnology Institute, Cal Poly Tech Park, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Bryan L Andrews
- Applied Biotechnology Institute, Cal Poly Tech Park, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Hayley C Chilton
- Applied Biotechnology Institute, Cal Poly Tech Park, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Debra D Turner
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - John H Walker
- Department of Statistics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Ian R Tizard
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - John A Howard
- Applied Biotechnology Institute, Cal Poly Tech Park, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
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Bagheri-Jamebozorgi M, Keshavarz J, Nemati M, Mohammadi-Hossainabad S, Rezayati MT, Nejad-Ghaderi M, Jamalizadeh A, Shokri F, Jafarzadeh A. The persistence of anti-HBs antibody and anamnestic response 20 years after primary vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at infancy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:3731-6. [PMID: 25483689 PMCID: PMC4514033 DOI: 10.4161/hv.34393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine induces protective levels of antibody response (anti-HBs≥10 mIU/mL) in 90-99% of vaccinees. The levels of anti-HBs antibody decline after vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the persistence of anti-HBs antibodies and immunologic memory in healthy adults at 20 years after primary vaccination with recombinant HB vaccine. Blood samples were collected from 300 adults at 20 years after primary HB vaccination and their sera were tested for anti-HBs antibody by ELISA technique. A single booster dose of HB vaccine was administered to a total of 138 subjects, whose anti-HBs antibody titer was <10 mIU/mL. The sera of subjects were re-tested for the anti-HBs antibody levels at 4 weeks after booster vaccination. At 20 years after primary vaccination 37.0% of participants had protective levels of antibody with geometric mean titer (GMT) of 55.44±77.01 mIU/mL. After booster vaccination, 97.1% of vaccinees developed protective levels of antibody and the GMT rose from 2.35±6.49 mIU/mL to 176.28±161.78 mIU/mL. 125/138 (90.6%) of re-vaccinated subjects also showed an anamnestic response to booster vaccination. At 20 years after primary vaccination with HB vaccine, low proportion of the subjects had protective levels of antibody. However, the majority of the re-vaccinated subjects developed protective levels of anti-HBs and showed an anamnestic response after booster vaccination. Additional follow-up studies are necessary to determine the duration of immunological memory.
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Key Words
- Anti-HBc antibody, antibody to HBcAg
- Anti-HBs antibody, antibody to HBsAg
- ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EPI, Expanded Program on Immunization
- GMT, Geometric mean titer
- HB, Hepatitis B
- HBV, Hepatitis B virus
- HBcAg, Hepatitis B core antigen
- HBsAg, Hepatitis B surface antigen
- WHO, World Health Organization
- anamnestic response
- anti-HBs antibody
- hepatitis B vaccine
- mIU/mL, milli-international units per milliliter
- persistence
- protection
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Bagheri-Jamebozorgi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Jila Keshavarz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Taghi Rezayati
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nejad-Ghaderi
- Health Vice-Chancellor; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jamalizadeh
- Health Vice-Chancellor; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology; School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman, Iran
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