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Xue W, Tianrun W, Jiaqi Y, Xin L, Ruxue D, Peng Z. Bta-miR-149-3p suppresses inflammatory response in bovine Sertoli cells exposed to microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) through TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116636. [PMID: 38917588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the regulatory role of bta-miR-149-3p in the inflammatory response induced by microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) exposure in bovine Sertoli cells. The research endeavored to enhance the comprehension of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying MC-LR-induced cytotoxicity in Sertoli cells and establish a foundation for mitigating these effects in vitro. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory mechanism of bta-miR-149-3p in the MC-LR-induced inflammatory response by verifying the target gene of bta-miR-149-3p through luciferase assays and treating the cells with a bta-miR-149-3p inhibitor for 24 h. The results demonstrate that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) acts as a downstream target gene of bta-miR-149-3p, which inhibits the MC-LR-induced inflammatory response in bovine Sertoli cells. This inhibition occurs by regulating the downregulation of tight junction constitutive proteins of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) through the suppression of the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway (p < 0.05) and the up-regulation of the adhesion junction protein β-catenin (p < 0.05). Notably, MC-LR exposure resulted in the up-regulation (p < 0.05) of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and NLRP3) and the down-regulation (p < 0.05) of BTB tight junction constitutive proteins (ZO-1, Occludin) in Sertoli cells. Furthermore, the BTB constitutive protein ZO-1 exhibited significant down-regulation in Sertoli cells pretreated with the bta-miR-149-3p inhibitor compared to controls (p < 0.05), while Occludin showed no significant difference from CTNNB1 (p > 0.05). In summary, our findings suggest that bta-miR-149-3p suppresses the MC-LR-induced inflammatory response and alterations in the expression of BTB proteins in bovine Sertoli cells by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Wang Tianrun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yao Jiaqi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Deng Ruxue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China.
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2
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Meng Z, Liu Y, Zhou J, Zheng B, Lv J. Drug transport across the blood-testis barrier. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:6412-6423. [PMID: 36247247 PMCID: PMC9556450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The blood-testis barrier transfers nutrients to spermatogenic tubules to ensure the normal physiological function of the testes. It also restricts the "entry and exit" of biological macromolecules in the testicular lumen and provides a unique microenvironment for spermatogenesis. This makes the testes a safe place for some viruses and tumors, as immune factors cannot function and drugs fail to reach therapeutic concentrations in the testes. This review aimed to describe the factors regulating the structure and physiological function of the blood-testis barrier. By understanding therapeutic mechanisms of action, drugs can be developed to function in the testicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Meng
- Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University)Suzhou 215124, China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University)Suzhou 215124, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University)Suzhou 215124, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166, China
| | - Jinxing Lv
- Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University)Suzhou 215124, China
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Chiappalupi S, Salvadori L, Mancuso F, Arato I, Calvitti M, Riuzzi F, Calafiore R, Luca G, Sorci G. Microencapsulated Sertoli cells sustain myoblast proliferation without affecting the myogenic potential. In vitro data. Data Brief 2022; 40:107744. [PMID: 35141363 PMCID: PMC8813587 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells (SeC) isolated from porcine testes have shown direct effects on muscle precursor cells sustaining C2C12 myoblasts proliferation and inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis in the early phase of the differentiation process, and stimulating myoblast fusion into myotubes and the expression of markers of myogenic differentiation in the late phase. This suggested that the cocktail of factors secreted by SeC stimulates proliferation in myoblasts without weakening their myogenic potential resulting in the formation of the critical myoblast amount necessary to rebuild the required muscle mass upon a damage. Here, we show that co-culturing C2C12 myoblasts with high doses of SeC microencapsulated in clinical grade alginate-based microcapsules (MC-SeC) for three days in differentiation medium (DM) translates into increased cell numbers and almost absence of myotube formation. However, after removal of MC-SeC, an intense fusion activity into myotubes was observed culminating in a fusion index similar to that of control after additional three days of culture in DM. These data definitely demonstrate that SeC-derived factors preserve the myogenic potential while sustaining cell proliferation in C2C12 myoblasts.
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Washburn RL, Hibler T, Thompson LA, Kaur G, Dufour JM. Therapeutic application of Sertoli cells for treatment of various diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 121:10-23. [PMID: 33910764 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sertoli cells (SCs) are immune privileged cells found in the testis that function to immunologically protect maturing germ cells from immune destruction. This immune protection is due to the blood-testis-barrier, which prevents infiltration of cytotoxic immune cells and antibodies, and SC production of immunomodulatory factors, that favor a tolerogenic environment. The ability of SCs to create an immune privileged environment has led to the exploration of their potential use in the treatment of various diseases. SCs have been utilized to create a tolerogenic ectopic microenvironment, to protect co-grafted cells, and to deliver therapeutic proteins through gene therapy. To date, numerous studies have reported the potential use of SCs for the treatment of diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and restoration of spermatogenesis. Additionally, SCs have been investigated as a delivery vehicle for therapeutic products to treat other diseases like Laron syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and infections. This review will provide an overview of these therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Washburn
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Taylor Hibler
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Lea Ann Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Gurvinder Kaur
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Jannette M Dufour
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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5
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Adegoke EO, Rahman MS, Pang MG. Bisphenols Threaten Male Reproductive Health via Testicular Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:624. [PMID: 33042007 PMCID: PMC7518410 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Male reproductive function and health are largely dependent on the testes, which are strictly regulated by their major cell components, i. e., Sertoli, Leydig, and germ cells. Sertoli cells perform a crucial phagocytic function in addition to supporting the development of germ cells. Leydig cells produce hormones essential for male reproductive function, and germ cell quality is a key parameter for male fertility assessment. However, these cells have been identified as primary targets of endocrine disruptors, including bisphenols. Bisphenols are a category of man-made organic chemicals used to manufacture plastics, epoxy resins, and personal care products such as lipsticks, face makeup, and nail lacquers. Despite long-term uncertainty regarding their safety, bisphenols are still being used worldwide, especially bisphenol A. While considerable attention has been paid to the effects of bisphenols on health, current bisphenol-related reproductive health cases indicate that greater attention should be given to these chemicals. Bisphenols, especially bisphenol A, F, and S, have been reported to elicit various effects on testicular cells, including apoptosis, DNA damage, disruption of intercommunication among cells, mitochondrial damage, disruption of tight junctions, and arrest of proliferation, which threaten male reproductive health. In addition, bisphenols are xenoestrogens, which alter organs and cells functions via agonistic or antagonistic interplay with hormone receptors. In this review, we provide in utero, in vivo, and in vitro evidence that currently available brands of bisphenols impair male reproductive health through their action on testicular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
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6
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Zomer HD, Reddi PP. Characterization of rodent Sertoli cell primary cultures. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:857-870. [PMID: 32743879 PMCID: PMC7685524 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sertoli cells play a vital role in spermatogenesis by offering physical and nutritional support to the differentiating male germ cells. They form the blood-testis barrier and secrete growth factors essential for germ cell differentiation. Sertoli cell primary cultures are critical for understanding the regulation of spermatogenesis; however, obtaining pure cultures has been a challenge. Rodent Sertoli cell isolation protocols do not rule out contamination by the interstitial or connective tissue cells. Sertoli cell-specific markers could be helpful, but there is no consensus. Vimentin, the most commonly used marker, is not specific for Sertoli cells since its expression has been reported in peritubular myoid cells, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells, which contaminate Sertoli cell preparations. Markers based on transcription and growth factors also have limitations. Thus, the impediment to obtaining pure Sertoli cell cultures pertains to both the method of isolation and marker usage. The aim of this review is to discuss improvements to current methods of rodent Sertoli cell primary cultures, assess the properties of prepubertal versus mature Sertoli cell cultures, and propose steps to improve cellular characterization. Potential benefits of using contemporary approaches, including lineage tracing, specific cell ablation, and RNA-seq for obtaining Sertoli-specific transcript markers are discussed. Evaluating the specificity and applicability of these markers at the protein level to characterize Sertoli cells in culture would be critical. This review is expected to positively impact future work using primary cultures of rodent Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena D Zomer
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Prabhakara P Reddi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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7
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Aliaghaei A, Meymand AZ, Boroujeni ME, Khodagoli F, Meftahi GH, Hadipour MM, Abdollahifar MA, Mesgar S, Ahmadi H, Danyali S, Hasani S, Sadeghi Y. Neuro-restorative effect of sertoli cell transplants in a rat model of amyloid beta toxicity. Behav Brain Res 2019; 367:158-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Savvulidi F, Ptacek M, Savvulidi Vargova K, Stadnik L. Manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells in livestock species. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:46. [PMID: 31205688 PMCID: PMC6560896 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0355-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We are entering an exciting epoch in livestock biotechnology during which the fundamental approaches (such as transgenesis, spermatozoa cryopreservation and artificial insemination) will be enhanced based on the modern understanding of the biology of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) combined with the outstanding recent advances in genomic editing technologies and in vitro cell culture systems. The general aim of this review is to outline comprehensively the promising applications of SSC manipulation that could in the nearest future find practical application in livestock breeding. Here, we will focus on 1) the basics of mammalian SSC biology; 2) the approaches for SSC isolation and purification; 3) the available in vitro systems for the stable expansion of isolated SSCs; 4) a discussion of how the manipulation of SSCs can accelerate livestock transgenesis; 5) a thorough overview of the techniques of SSC transplantation in livestock species (including the preparation of recipients for SSC transplantation, the ultrasonographic-guided SSC transplantation technique in large farm animals, and the perspectives to improve further the SSC transplantation efficiency), and finally, 6) why SSC transplantation is valuable to extend the techniques of spermatozoa cryopreservation and/or artificial insemination. For situations where no reliable data have yet been obtained for a particular livestock species, we will rely on the data obtained from studies conducted in rodents because the knowledge gained from rodent research is translatable to livestock species to a great extent. On the other hand, we will draw special attention to situations where such translation is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipp Savvulidi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Suchdol Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, U Nemocnice 5, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ptacek
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Karina Savvulidi Vargova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, U Nemocnice 5, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Stadnik
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Suchdol Czech Republic
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9
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Adegoke EO, Wang C, Machebe NS, Wang X, Wang H, Adeniran SO, Zhang H, Zheng P, Zhang G. Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) induced inflammatory response in bovine sertoli cell via TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 63:115-126. [PMID: 30212741 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sertoli cells were treated with 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 μg/L of MC-LR to investigate its toxic effects, mechanism of action and immune response of the cells. Our results revealed that treatment containing 20 μg/L of MC-LR was non-toxic to the cells. Treatments containing 40, 60 and 80 μg/L of MC-LR reduced the cell viability, induced nuclear morphological changes and downregulated the blood-testis barrier constituent proteins within 48 h after treatment. The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) were activated and significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated in cells treated with 40, 60 and 80 μg/L of MC-LR compared to the control. The pro-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated within 48 h after treatment. However commencing from 72 h, upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and expression of blood-testis barrier constituent proteins was observed. This study indicates that MC-LR induced inflammatory response in bovine Sertoli cell via activation of TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Adegoke
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - N S Machebe
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - S O Adeniran
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guixue Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
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Seol DW, Park S, Shin EY, Chang JH, Lee DR. In Vitro Derivation of Functional Sertoli-Like Cells from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1523-1534. [PMID: 30215278 PMCID: PMC6180718 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718797053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells (SCs) in the mammalian testes are well known as supporting cells of spermatogenesis, but have recently become an attractive source of cell therapy because of their capacity for immune modulation and trophic effects. In order to increase their applicable efficacy, we demonstrate a novel differentiation method for mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived Sertoli-like cells (SLCs) via the intermediate mesoderm (IM). We show that IM derived from an induction of 6 days expressed markers such as Wt1, Lhx1, Pax2 and Osr1, and that a sequential induction of 6 days resulted in ESC-SLCs. The SLCs expressed their marker genes ( Sf1, Sox9, Gata4, Wt1, Fshr and Scf), but the pluripotency-marker gene Oct4 was decreased. After sorting by FSHR expression, high-purity (> 90%) SLCs were collected that showed distinct characteristics of SCs such as high phagocytic and immune modulation activities as well as the expression of immune-related genes. In addition, when transplanted into the seminiferous tubule of busulfan-treated mice, SLCs re-located and were maintained in the basal region of the tubule. These results demonstrated that our robust sequential differentiation system produced functional SLCs from mouse ESCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Won Seol
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seah Park
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Eun Young Shin
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Chang
- 2 Department of Bio-Convergence, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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11
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Kaur G, Thompson LA, Babcock RL, Mueller K, Dufour JM. Sertoli Cells Engineered to Express Insulin to Lower Blood Glucose in Diabetic Mice. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:680-690. [PMID: 29927618 PMCID: PMC6080125 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term survival of allo- and xenotransplanted immune-privileged Sertoli cells (SCs) is well documented suggesting that SCs can be used to deliver foreign proteins for cell-based gene therapy. The aim of this study was to use a lentivirus carrying proinsulin cDNA to achieve stable expression and lowering of blood glucose levels (BGLs). A SC line transduced with the lentivirus (MSC-LV-mI) maintained stable insulin expression in vitro. These MSC-LV-mI cells were transplanted and grafts were analyzed for cell survival, continued proinsulin mRNA, and insulin protein expression. All grafts contained MSC-LV-mI cells that expressed proinsulin mRNA and insulin protein. Transplantation of MSC-LV-mI cells into diabetic mice significantly lowered BGLs for 4 days after transplantation. Interestingly, in three transplanted SCID mice and one transplanted BALB/c mouse, the BGLs again significantly lowered by day 50 and 70, respectively. This is the first time SC transduced with a lentiviral vector was able to stably express insulin and lower BGLs. In conclusion, a SC line can be modified to stably express therapeutic proteins (e.g., insulin), thus taking us one step further in the use of SCs as an immune-privileged vehicle for cell-based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurvinder Kaur
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Lea Ann Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Rachel L Babcock
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Karl Mueller
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Jannette M Dufour
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
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Horibe A, Eid N, Ito Y, Hamaoka H, Tanaka Y, Kondo Y. Upregulated Autophagy in Sertoli Cells of Ethanol-Treated Rats Is Associated with Induction of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), Androgen Receptor Suppression and Germ Cell Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051061. [PMID: 28505146 PMCID: PMC5454973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the autophagic response of Sertoli cells (SCs) to acute ethanol toxicity using in vivo and in vitro models. Adult Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with either 5 g/kg ethanol or phosphate-buffered saline (for the control group) and sacrificed 0, 3, 6 and 24 h after injection. Compared to the control group, enhanced germ cell apoptosis was observed in the ethanol-treated rats (ETRs) in association with upregulation of iNOS and reduced expression of androgen receptor protein levels in SCs, which were resistant to apoptosis. Meanwhile, autophagy was upregulated in ETR SCs (peaking at 24 h) compared to the control group, as evidenced by transcription factor EB (TFEB) nuclear translocation, enhanced expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3-II (LC3-II), lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2), pan cathepsin protein levels and reduced expression of p62. This upregulation of SC autophagy was confirmed ultrastructurally by enhanced formation of autophagic vacuoles and by immunofluorescent double labelling of autophagosomal and lysosomal markers. Study of cultured SCs confirmed enhanced autophagic response to ethanol toxicity, which was cytoprotective based on decreased viability of SCs upon blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA). The results highlighted the molecular mechanisms of prosurvival autophagy in ETR SCs for the first time, and may have significant implications for male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Horibe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Nabil Eid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Hamaoka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yoshihisa Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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13
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Wen Q, Tang EI, Gao Y, Jesus TT, Chu DS, Lee WM, Wong CKC, Liu YX, Xiao X, Silvestrini B, Cheng CY. Signaling pathways regulating blood-tissue barriers - Lesson from the testis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1860:141-153. [PMID: 28450047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Signaling pathways that regulate blood-tissue barriers are important for studying the biology of various blood-tissue barriers. This information, if deciphered and better understood, will provide better therapeutic management of diseases particularly in organs that are sealed by the corresponding blood-tissue barriers from systemic circulation, such as the brain and the testis. These barriers block the access of antibiotics and/or chemotherapeutical agents across the corresponding barriers. Studies in the last decade using the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in rats have demonstrated the presence of several signaling pathways that are crucial to modulate BTB function. Herein, we critically evaluate these findings and provide hypothetical models regarding the underlying mechanisms by which these signaling molecules/pathways modulate BTB dynamics. This information should be carefully evaluated to examine their applicability in other tissue barriers which shall benefit future functional studies in the field. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Gap Junction Proteins edited by Jean Claude Herve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wen
- The Mary M. Woldford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Elizabeth I Tang
- The Mary M. Woldford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Ying Gao
- The Mary M. Woldford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Tito T Jesus
- The Mary M. Woldford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Darren S Chu
- The Mary M. Woldford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Will M Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chris K C Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Reproductive Physiology, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - C Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Woldford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States.
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França LR, Hess RA, Dufour JM, Hofmann MC, Griswold MD. The Sertoli cell: one hundred fifty years of beauty and plasticity. Andrology 2016; 4:189-212. [PMID: 26846984 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been one and a half centuries since Enrico Sertoli published the seminal discovery of the testicular 'nurse cell', not only a key cell in the testis, but indeed one of the most amazing cells in the vertebrate body. In this review, we begin by examining the three phases of morphological research that have occurred in the study of Sertoli cells, because microscopic anatomy was essentially the only scientific discipline available for about the first 75 years after the discovery. Biochemistry and molecular biology then changed all of biological sciences, including our understanding of the functions of Sertoli cells. Immunology and stem cell biology were not even topics of science in 1865, but they have now become major issues in our appreciation of Sertoli cell's role in spermatogenesis. We end with the universal importance and plasticity of function by comparing Sertoli cells in fish, amphibians, and mammals. In these various classes of vertebrates, Sertoli cells have quite different modes of proliferation and epithelial maintenance, cystic vs. tubular formation, yet accomplish essentially the same function but in strikingly different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R França
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - R A Hess
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - J M Dufour
- Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - M C Hofmann
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M D Griswold
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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Nicholls PK, Stanton PG, Rainczuk KE, Qian H, Gregorevic P, Harrison CA. Lentiviral transduction of rat Sertoli cells as a means to modify gene expression. SPERMATOGENESIS 2014; 2:279-284. [PMID: 23248769 PMCID: PMC3521750 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.22516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary cell culture is an established and widely used technique to study Sertoli cell function in vitro. However, the relative difficulty of stably overexpressing or knocking down genes in Sertoli cell culture has limited progress in the field. In this technical report, we present a method to transduce 20 dpp rat Sertoli cell cultures with VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral based vectors at a high rate (~80%), with stable reporter gene expression. Although high transgene expression is desirable, it was noted that at transduction rates > 60% inter-Sertoli cell tight junction integrity and, hence, Sertoli cell function, were transiently compromised. We envisage that this optimized procedure has the potential to stimulate Sertoli cell research, and motivate the use of Sertoli cells in various cell therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Nicholls
- Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research; Clayton, VIC Australia ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton, VIC Australia
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17
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Pérez CV, Theas MS, Jacobo PV, Jarazo-Dietrich S, Guazzone VA, Lustig L. Dual role of immune cells in the testis: Protective or pathogenic for germ cells? SPERMATOGENESIS 2014; 3:e23870. [PMID: 23687616 PMCID: PMC3644047 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.23870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to describe how the immune cells present in the testis interact with the germinal epithelium contributing to survival or apoptosis of germ cells (GCs). Physiologically, the immunosuppressor testicular microenvironment protects GCs from immune attack, whereas in inflammatory conditions, tolerance is disrupted and immune cells and their mediators respond to GC self antigens, inducing damage of the germinal epithelium. Considering that experimental models of autoimmune orchitis have clarified the local immune mechanisms by which protection of the testis is compromised, we described the following topics in the testis of normal and orchitic rats: (1) cell adhesion molecule expression of seminiferous tubule specialized junctions and modulation of blood-testis barrier permeability by cytokines (2) phenotypic and functional characteristics of testicular dendritic cells, macrophages, effector and regulatory T cells and mast cells and (3) effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and FasL) and the nitric oxide-nitric oxide synthase system on GC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia V Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; UBA/CONICET; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires, Argentina
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18
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Campese AF, Grazioli P, de Cesaris P, Riccioli A, Bellavia D, Pelullo M, Padula F, Noce C, Verkhovskaia S, Filippini A, Latella G, Screpanti I, Ziparo E, Starace D. Mouse Sertoli cells sustain de novo generation of regulatory T cells by triggering the notch pathway through soluble JAGGED1. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:53. [PMID: 24478388 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.113803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central to the maintenance of immunological homeostasis and tolerance. It has long been known that Sertoli cells are endowed with immune suppressive properties; however, the underlying mechanisms as well as the effective nature and role of soluble factors secreted by Sertoli cells have not been fully elucidated as yet. We hypothesized that conditioned medium from primary mouse Sertoli cells (SCCM) may be able and sufficient to induce Tregs. By culturing CD4(+)CD25(-)EGFP(-) T splenocytes purified from FOXP3-EGFP knock-in mice in SCCM, here we show, by flow cytometry and suppression assay, the conversion of peripheral CD4(+)FOXP3(-) T cells into functional CD4(+)FOXP3(+) Tregs. We also demonstrate that the Notch/Jagged1 axis is involved in regulating the de novo generation of Tregs although this process is transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-B) dependent. In particular, we identified by Western blot analysis a soluble form of JAGGED1 (JAG1) in SCCM that significantly influences the induction of Tregs, as demonstrated by performing the conversion assay in presence of a JAG1-specific neutralizing antibody. In addition, we show that SCCM modulates the Notch pathway in converted Tregs by triggering the recruitment of the Notch-specific transcription factor CSL/RBP-Jk to the Foxp3 promoter and by inducing the Notch target gene Hey1, as shown by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and by real time-RT-PCR experiments, respectively. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in Sertoli cell-mediated immune tolerance and provide a novel approach to generate ex vivo functional Tregs for therapeutic purpose.
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20
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Mital P, Kaur G, Bowlin B, Paniagua NJ, Korbutt GS, Dufour JM. Nondividing, postpubertal rat sertoli cells resumed proliferation after transplantation. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:13. [PMID: 24285718 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.110197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, it was believed that Sertoli cells (SC) stopped proliferating at puberty and became terminally differentiated quiescent cells. However, recent studies have challenged that dogma. In this study, we transplanted nondividing SC isolated from 23- to 27-day-old postpubertal rats transduced with a recombinant adenoviral vector (containing furin-modified human proinsulin cDNA) into diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Immunostaining the grafts for cell proliferation markers, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and MKI67, revealed that transplanted SC within the grafts were proliferating. Possible causes for resumption of proliferation of SC could be viral transduction, cell isolation and culture, higher abdominal temperature at the transplant site, and/or transplantation. To test for these possible causes, double- immunofluorescence staining was performed for GATA4 (SC marker) and MKI67. None of the SC were positive for MKI67 in tissue collected during SC isolation and culture or at higher temperature. However, nontransduced SC stained positive for MKI67 after transplantation into rats, suggesting viral transduction was not a key factor for induction of SC proliferation. Interestingly, resumption in proliferative ability of nondividing SC was temporary, as SC stopped proliferating within 14 days of transplantation and did not proliferate thereafter. Quantification of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-labeled SC demonstrated that 7%-9% of the total transplanted SC were proliferating in the grafts. These data indicate for the first time that nondividing SC resumed proliferation after transplantation and further validate previous findings that SC are not terminally differentiated. Hence, transplantation of SC could provide a useful model with which to study the regulation of SC proliferation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Mital
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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21
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Mohit E, Rafati S. Biological delivery approaches for gene therapy: strategies to potentiate efficacy and enhance specificity. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:599-611. [PMID: 23911418 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays many therapeutic agents such as suicide genes, anti-angiogenesis agents, cytokines, chemokines and other therapeutic genes were delivered to cancer cells. Various biological delivery systems have been applied for directing therapeutic gene to target cells. Some of these successful preclinical studies, steps forward to clinical trials and a few are examined in phase III clinical trials. In this review, the biological gene delivery systems were categorized into microorganism and cell based delivery systems. Viral, bacterial, yeast and parasite are among microorganism based delivery systems which are expanded in this review. In cell based approach, different strategies such as tumor cells, stem cells, dendritic cells and sertoli cells will be discussed. Different drawbacks are associated with each delivery system; therefore, many strategies have been improved and potentiated their direction toward specific target cells. Herein, further to the principle of each delivery system, the progresses of these approaches for development of newer generation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Mohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wan HT, Mruk DD, Wong CKC, Cheng CY. The apical ES-BTB-BM functional axis is an emerging target for toxicant-induced infertility. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:396-405. [PMID: 23643465 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Testes are sensitive to toxicants, such as cadmium and phthalates, which disrupt a local functional axis in the seminiferous epithelium known as the 'apical ectoplasmic specialization (apical ES)-blood-testis barrier (BTB)-basement membrane (BM)'. Following exposure, toxicants contact the basement membrane and activate the Sertoli cell, which perturbs its signaling function. Thus, toxicants can modulate signaling and/or cellular events at the apical ES-BTB-BM axis, perturbing spermatogenesis without entering the epithelium. Toxicants also enter the epithelium via drug transporters to potentiate their damaging effects, and downregulation of efflux transporters by toxicants impedes BTB function such that toxicants remain in the epithelium and efficiently disrupt spermatogenesis. These findings support a novel model of toxicant-induced disruption of spermatogenesis that could be interfered with using small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hin-Ting Wan
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
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23
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Su W, Mruk DD, Cheng CY. Filamin A: A regulator of blood-testis barrier assembly during post-natal development. SPERMATOGENESIS 2012; 2:73-78. [PMID: 22670216 PMCID: PMC3364794 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.20223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Filamins are a family of actin-binding proteins composed of filamin A, B and C. Besides of their ability to induce perpendicular branching of F-actin filaments via their actin binding domains near the N-terminus, filamins can regulate multiple cellular functions because of their unique ability to recruit more than 90 protein binding partners to their primary sequences which are having highly diversified cellular functions. However, this family of proteins has not been examined in the testis until recently. Herein, we highlight recent findings in the field regarding the role of these proteins in cell epithelia, and based on recent data in the testis regarding their role on spermatogenesis, this review provides the basis for future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Su
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research; Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; China Medical University; Shen Yang, China
| | - Dolores D. Mruk
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research; Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
| | - C. Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research; Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
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