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Zhang X, Huang X, Zheng P, Liu E, Bai S, Chen S, Pang Y, Xiao X, Yang H, Guo J. Changes in oral, skin, and gut microbiota in children with atopic dermatitis: a case-control study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1442126. [PMID: 39211320 PMCID: PMC11358084 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1442126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common clinical recurrent atopic disease in dermatology, most seen in children and adolescents. In recent years, AD has been found to be closely associated with microbial communities. Methods To explore the synergistic effects between colonizing bacteria from different sites and AD, we comparatively analyzed the skin, oral, and gut microbiota of children with AD (50 individuals) and healthy children (50 individuals) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Twenty samples were also randomly selected from both groups for metabolic and macrogenomic sequencing. Results The results of our sequencing study showed reduced microbiota diversity in the oral, skin, and gut of children with AD (P < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis showed that serotonergic synapse, arachidonic acid metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis were downregulated at all three loci in the oral, skin, and gut of children with AD (P < 0.05). Macrogenomic sequencing analysis showed that KEGG functional pathways of the three site flora were involved in oxidative phosphorylation, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, mRNA surveillance pathway, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, proteasome, basal transcription factors, peroxisome, MAPK signaling pathway, mitophagy, fatty acid elongation, and so on (P < 0.05). Discussion The combined microbial, metabolic, and macrogenetic analyses identified key bacteria, metabolites, and pathogenic pathways that may be associated with AD development. We provides a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the role of the microbiota at different sites in AD patients, pointing to new directions for future diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pai Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - E. Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sixian Bai
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuoyu Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaobin Pang
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Schuler CF, Tsoi LC, Billi AC, Harms PW, Weidinger S, Gudjonsson JE. Genetic and Immunological Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:954-968. [PMID: 38085213 PMCID: PMC11040454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 immune-mediated diseases give a clear answer to the issue of nature (genetics) versus nurture (environment). Both genetics and environment play vital complementary roles in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). As a key component of the atopic march, AD demonstrates the interactive nature of genetic and environmental contributions to atopy. From sequence variants in the epithelial barrier gene encoding FLG to the hygiene hypothesis, AD combines a broad array of contributions into a single syndrome. This review will focus on the genetic contribution to AD and where genetics facilitates the elicitation or enhancement of AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles F Schuler
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Allison C Billi
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Wu J, Ran X, Wang T, Xiong K, Long S, Hao Y, Wang P, Wang A. Enteric α-Defensin Contributes to Recovery of Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites. Radiat Res 2024; 201:160-173. [PMID: 38124379 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00071.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ionizing radiation on the gastrointestinal tract is a common complication of abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy. However, the pathological features of radiation enteropathy and its effective medical intervention regimen is still a global challenge. Here, we explored the role and mechanism of enteric alpha-defensins (EαDs) in protecting against radiation enteropathy. To address this, we utilized EαDs-deficiency mice, in which the matrix metallopeptidase 7 to activate Paneth cell α-defensins was knockout (KO) mice, and the complementary wild-type (WT) control mice for this study. Remarkably, the KO mice were more susceptible to 5.0 Gy total-body irradiation, resulting in worse clinic scores and lower survival rate, compared with the wild-type mice. Histological examination indicated that the KO mice were subjected to slow recovery of intestinal villus and mucosa function, characterized by the reduced expression of TFF3, Glut1 and Muc2. In addition, compared with the wild-type controls, the KO mice experienced serious inflammation response in intestinal tissue, indicated by the remarkably increased expression level of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12. Using high-throughput sequencing analysis, we found that the intestinal bacterial community of the KO mice was more prone to dysbiosis than that of the WT mice, with significantly increased abundance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus sp. and Escherichia-Shigella sp., whereas remarkably decreased probiotics harboring Lactobacillus sp., Desulfovibrio sp. etc. Fecal metabolomics analysis indicated that the relative abundance of 31 metabolites arose significantly different between WT and KO mice on day 10 after radiation exposure. A subset of differential metabolites to regulate host metabolism and immunity, such as acetic acid, acetate, butanoic acid, was negatively correlated with the alteration of gut microbiota in the irradiated KO mice. This study provides new insight into EαDs contribution to the recovery of radiation-induced intestinal damage, and suggests a potential novel target to prevent the adverse effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xi Ran
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuang Long
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuhui Hao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University
| | - Aiping Wang
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
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Lee E, Lee SY, Kim HB, Yang SI, Yoon J, Suh DI, Oh HY, Ahn K, Kim KW, Shin YH, Hong SJ. Insights from the COCOA birth cohort: The origins of childhood allergic diseases and future perspectives. Allergol Int 2024; 73:3-12. [PMID: 37752021 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA) study is a prospective birth cohort investigating the origin and natural courses of childhood allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis and asthma, with long-term prognosis. Initiated under the premise that allergic diseases result from a complex interplay of immune development alterations, environmental exposures, and host susceptibility, the COCOA study explores these dynamic interactions during prenatal and postnatal periods, framed within the hygiene and microbial hypotheses alongside the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis. The scope of the COCOA study extends to genetic predispositions, indoor and outdoor environmental variables affecting mothers and their offsprings such as outdoor and indoor air pollution, psychological factors, diets, and the microbiomes of skin, gut, and airway. We have embarked on in-depth investigations of diverse risk factors and the pathophysiological underpinnings of allergic diseases. By employing multi-omics approaches-proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics-we gain deeper insights into the distinct pathophysiological processes across various endotypes of childhood allergic diseases, incorporating the exposome using extensive resources within the COCOA study. Integration with large-scale datasets, such as national health insurance records, enhances robustness and mitigates potential limitations inherent to birth cohort studies. As part of global networks focused on childhood allergic diseases, the COCOA study fosters collaborative research across multiple cohorts. The findings from the COCOA study are instrumental in informing precision medicine strategies for childhood allergic diseases, underpinning the establishment of disease trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song-I Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Jisun Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, South Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hea Young Oh
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Liu Y, Liu J, Du M, Yang H, Shi R, Shi Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Lan J. Short-chain fatty acid - A critical interfering factor for allergic diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110739. [PMID: 37805176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergy is a growing global public health problem with a high socio-economic impact. The incidence of allergic diseases is increasing year by year, which has attracted more and more attention. In recent years, a number of epidemiological investigations and gut microbiota studies have shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with an increased prevalence of various allergic diseases, such as food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and have not been fully clarified. Metabolites are one of the main ways in which the gut microbiota functions. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites of intestinal flora fermentation and are beneficial to human health. Studies have shown that SCFAs play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and regulating immune responses by recognizing receptors and inhibiting histone deacetylases, and are key molecules involved in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. In addition, research on the regulation of gut microbiota and the application of SCFAs in the treatment of allergic diseases is also emerging. This article reviews the clinical and experimental evidence on the correlation between SCFAs and allergic diseases and the potential mechanisms by which SCFAs regulate allergic diseases. Furthermore, SCFAs as therapeutic targets for allergic diseases are also summarized and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ruiwen Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yilin Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shengben Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Pessôa R, Clissa PB, Sanabani SS. The Interaction between the Host Genome, Epigenome, and the Gut-Skin Axis Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14322. [PMID: 37762624 PMCID: PMC10532357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. It involves complex interactions among the host immune system, environmental factors (such as skin barrier dysfunction), and microbial dysbiosis. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified AD risk alleles; however, the associated environmental factors remain largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that altered microbiota composition (dysbiosis) in the skin and gut may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Examples of environmental factors that contribute to skin barrier dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis in AD include allergens, irritants, pollution, and microbial exposure. Studies have reported alterations in the gut microbiome structure in patients with AD compared to control subjects, characterized by increased abundance of Clostridium difficile and decreased abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as Bifidobacterium. SCFAs play a critical role in maintaining host health, and reduced SCFA production may lead to intestinal inflammation in AD patients. The specific mechanisms through which dysbiotic bacteria and their metabolites interact with the host genome and epigenome to cause autoimmunity in AD are still unknown. By understanding the combination of environmental factors, such as gut microbiota, the genetic and epigenetic determinants that are associated with the development of autoantibodies may help unravel the pathophysiology of the disease. This review aims to elucidate the interactions between the immune system, susceptibility genes, epigenetic factors, and the gut microbiome in the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pessôa
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil;
| | | | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation Unit 03, Clinics Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency LIM56/03, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3º Andar, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
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Liao P, Yang K, Huang H, Xin Z, Jian S, Wen C, He S, Zhang L, Deng B. Abrupt Dietary Change and Gradual Dietary Transition Impact Diarrheal Symptoms, Fecal Fermentation Characteristics, Microbiota, and Metabolic Profile in Healthy Puppies. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081300. [PMID: 37106863 PMCID: PMC10135323 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary changes are inevitable for pets, yet little is known about the impact of different dietary change methods on the gastrointestinal response. The current comparative study evaluated the effects of different dietary changes on the diarrheal symptoms, fecal fermentation characteristics, microbiota, and metabolic profile of healthy puppies. A total of 13 beagle puppies were randomly divided into two groups; puppies in the abrupt change (AC) group were given 260 g of a chicken- and duck-based extruded diet (CD)daily for the one-week transition period, whereas puppies in the gradual transition (GT) group were fed according to a gradual transition ratio of a salmon-based extruded diet (SA) and a CD diets with a difference of 40 g per day for seven consecutive days. Serum samples were collected on D7, and fecal samples were collected on D0 and D7. The results indicated that GT reduced the incidence of diarrhea in puppies throughout the trial period. Dietary change methods had no influence on serum inflammatory factors or fecal SCFAs, but isovaleric acid was significantly reduced after GT. Meanwhile, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the fecal microbiota was changed after different dietary changes. Compared with the bacterial changes after AC, the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria (i.e., Turicibacter and Faecalibacterium) in feces were increased after GT in puppies. Additionally, both GT and AC caused changes in amino acid metabolism, while AC also altered lipid metabolism. AC increased fecal histamine and spermine concentrations, but decreased concentrations of metabolites such as 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and serotonin. Our findings indicated that GT most likely reduced the diarrhea rate in puppies by modulating the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinfeng Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongcan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhongquan Xin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shiyan Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chaoyu Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shansong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lingna Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baichuan Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Rahman T, Sarwar PF, Potter C, Comstock SS, Klepac-Ceraj V. Role of human milk oligosaccharide metabolizing bacteria in the development of atopic dermatitis/eczema. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1090048. [PMID: 37020647 PMCID: PMC10069630 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1090048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite affecting up to 20% of infants in the United States, there is no cure for atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. Atopy usually manifests during the first six months of an infant's life and is one predictor of later allergic health problems. A diet of human milk may offer protection against developing atopic dermatitis. One milk component, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), plays an important role as a prebiotic in establishing the infant gut microbiome and has immunomodulatory effects on the infant immune system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available information about bacterial members of the intestinal microbiota capable of metabolizing HMOs, the bacterial genes or metabolic products present in the intestinal tract during early life, and the relationship of these genes and metabolic products to the development of AD/eczema in infants. We find that specific HMO metabolism gene sets and the metabolites produced by HMO metabolizing bacteria may enable the protective role of human milk against the development of atopy because of interactions with the immune system. We also identify areas for additional research to further elucidate the relationship between the human milk metabolizing bacteria and atopy. Detailed metagenomic studies of the infant gut microbiota and its associated metabolomes are essential for characterizing the potential impact of human milk-feeding on the development of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Rahman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Prioty F. Sarwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Cassie Potter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Vanja Klepac-Ceraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
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Xiao X, Hu X, Yao J, Cao W, Zou Z, Wang L, Qin H, Zhong D, Li Y, Xue P, Jin R, Li Y, Shi Y, Li J. The role of short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory skin diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1083432. [PMID: 36817115 PMCID: PMC9932284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1083432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites of gut microbes that can modulate the host inflammatory response, and contribute to health and homeostasis. Since the introduction of the gut-skin axis concept, the link between SCFAs and inflammatory skin diseases has attracted considerable attention. In this review, we have summarized the literature on the role of SCFAs in skin inflammation, and the correlation between SCFAs and inflammatory skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis, urticaria, and psoriasis. Studies show that SCFAs are signaling factors in the gut-skin axis and can alleviate skin inflammation. The information presented in this review provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms driving gut-skin axis regulation, along with possible pathways that can be targeted for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Xiao
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoshen Hu
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junpeng Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zihao Zou
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongling Zhong
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peiwen Xue
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rongjiang Jin
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunzhou Shi
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Yunzhou Shi,
| | - Juan Li
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Juan Li,
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LeBaron TW, Sharpe R, Ohno K. Electrolyzed-Reduced Water: Review II: Safety Concerns and Effectiveness as a Source of Hydrogen Water. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14508. [PMID: 36498838 PMCID: PMC9736533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies demonstrate the safety of alkaline-electrolyzed-reduced water (ERW); however, several animal studies have reported significant tissue damage and hyperkalemia after drinking ERW. The mechanism responsible for these results remains unknown but may be due to electrode degradation associated with the production of higher pH, in which platinum nanoparticles and other metals that have harmful effects may leach into the water. Clinical studies have reported that, when ERW exceeds pH 9.8, some people develop dangerous hyperkalemia. Accordingly, regulations on ERW mandate that the pH of ERW should not exceed 9.8. It is recommended that those with impaired kidney function refrain from using ERW without medical supervision. Other potential safety concerns include impaired growth, reduced mineral, vitamin, and nutrient absorption, harmful bacterial overgrowth, and damage to the mucosal lining causing excessive thirst. Since the concentration of H2 in ERW may be well below therapeutic levels, users are encouraged to frequently measure the H2 concentration with accurate methods, avoiding ORP or ORP-based H2 meters. Importantly, although, there have been many people that have used high-pH ERW without any issues, additional safety research on ERW is warranted, and ERW users should follow recommendations to not ingest ERW above 9.8 pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W. LeBaron
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, UT 84721, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
| | | | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Jiang Z, Li J, Kong N, Kim JH, Kim BS, Lee MJ, Park YM, Lee SY, Hong SJ, Sul JH. Accurate diagnosis of atopic dermatitis by combining transcriptome and microbiota data with supervised machine learning. Sci Rep 2022; 12:290. [PMID: 34997172 PMCID: PMC8741793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease in childhood whose diagnosis requires expertise in dermatology. Recent studies have indicated that host genes–microbial interactions in the gut contribute to human diseases including AD. We sought to develop an accurate and automated pipeline for AD diagnosis based on transcriptome and microbiota data. Using these data of 161 subjects including AD patients and healthy controls, we trained a machine learning classifier to predict the risk of AD. We found that the classifier could accurately differentiate subjects with AD and healthy individuals based on the omics data with an average F1-score of 0.84. With this classifier, we also identified a set of 35 genes and 50 microbiota features that are predictive for AD. Among the selected features, we discovered at least three genes and three microorganisms directly or indirectly associated with AD. Although further replications in other cohorts are needed, our findings suggest that these genes and microbiota features may provide novel biological insights and may be developed into useful biomarkers of AD prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Jiang
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nahyun Kong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Mee Park
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hoon Sul
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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石 言, 高 偲, 王 会. [Research Progress in Regulation of Allergic Diseases by Short-Chain Fatty Acids]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2022; 53:28-34. [PMID: 35048596 PMCID: PMC10408865 DOI: 10.12182/20220160503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota-derived metabolites play vital roles in the regulation of host-gut microbiota mutualism, gut homeostasis and the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. Fermentation of indigestible dietary fibers by gut microbiota produces a variety of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) consisting mainly of acetate, propionate and butyrate. Despite high concentrations of SCFAs in the gut, it has been reported in a large number of studies that SCFAs are involved in the onset and development of multiple diseases, including colitis, diabetes mellitus, hepatic steatosis, and obesity. Recent studies including our work found that SCFAs regulates allergic immune reactions and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases via their action on allergic effector immune cells, including T helper 2 (Th2) cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), eosinophils, mast cells and basophils. Herein, we reviewed the association of SCFAs with human allergic diseases, their role in regulating the animal model of allergic diseases and the effects of different SCFAs in regulating the functions of allergic effectors cells and the underlying mechanisms, aiming to provide research clues for in-depth investigation in the role played by SCFAs in regulating various allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- 言彪 石
- 徐州医科大学基础医学院 病原生物学与免疫学教研室 (徐州 221004)Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- 徐州医科大学 江苏省免疫与代谢重点实验室 (徐州 221004)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - 偲佳 高
- 徐州医科大学基础医学院 病原生物学与免疫学教研室 (徐州 221004)Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- 徐州医科大学 江苏省免疫与代谢重点实验室 (徐州 221004)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - 会 王
- 徐州医科大学基础医学院 病原生物学与免疫学教研室 (徐州 221004)Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- 徐州医科大学 江苏省免疫与代谢重点实验室 (徐州 221004)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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13
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Yoo Y. How do Host Genetic Factors Affect Gut Microbiome in the Development of Atopic Dermatitis? ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021; 13:360-362. [PMID: 33733632 PMCID: PMC7984947 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2021.13.3.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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