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Han MW, Kim SH, Oh I, Kim YH, Lee J. IL-1β and iNOS can drive the asthmatic comorbidities and decrease of lung function in perennial allergic rhinitis children. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 20:1. [PMID: 38167134 PMCID: PMC10763256 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-023-00867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma and rhinitis (AR) are closely linked, with a significant proportion of AR patients developing asthma. Identification of the early signs of comorbidity of AR and asthma can enable prompt treatment and prevent asthma progression. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS This study investigated the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the comorbidity of AR and asthma and lung function in Korean children with perennial AR (PAR). A cohort of 240 subjects (6 to 10 years old) with PAR (PAR alone: 113 children, PAR and asthma: 127 children) was analyzed for various biomarkers, including IL-1β, iNOS, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in serum. The blood levels of eosinophils and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were examined. IL-1β, CCL-24, E-cadherin, and vimentin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Epithelial iNOS was measured by the NOS kit. RESULTS Elevated levels of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin in the serum were identified as significant indicators of the likelihood of comorbidity of PAR and asthma in children. Furthermore, higher concentrations of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin have been linked to reduced lung function in PAR children. Notably, IL-1β expression shows a relationship with the levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, and CCL-24. However, no correlation was found between IL-1β and iNOS expressions. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that IL-1β and iNOS can be biomarkers in the progression of PAR and asthma and decreased lung function, suggesting potential targets for early intervention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Woul Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Song Hee Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inbo Oh
- Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Ho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JS, Park SH, Kim HH, Ahn SH, Kim E, Kim S, Yoon W, Yoo Y. Reduced forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity in children with allergic rhinitis without asthmatic symptoms. J Asthma 2022; 60:1024-1030. [PMID: 36093643 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2123741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are closely associated in children. Reduced FEF25%-75% which reflects small airway airflow limitation is frequently observed in asthma. This study aimed to examine the proportion of small airway dysfunction in children with AR and to determine its associated factors.Methods: The medical records of 144 aged 6-18-year children with AR without overt asthmatic symptoms were retrospectively reviewed. Subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the FEF25%-75% values; normal FEF25%-75% group (n = 129) and reduced FEF25%-75% group (n = 15). Clinical data, allergen sensitization profile, exhaled nitric oxide, spirometry, and methacholine provocation test results were compared between the two groups.Results: The mean FEV1 and FEF25%-75% values in the reduced FEF25%-75% group (73.5 ± 9.4%pred and 56.0 ± 7.7%pred, respectively) were significantly lower than in the normal FEF25%-75% group (87.0 ± 12.5%pred and 99.1 ± 21.4%pred, respectively). The mean disease duration was significantly longer in the reduced FEF25%-75% group than in the normal FEF25%-75% group (5.39 ± 1.85 y vs 3.14 ± 1.80 y, p < 0.001). Subjects with positive bronchial hyperresponsiveness (MChPC20<16 mg/mL) were more frequently detected in the reduced FEF25%-75% group than in the normal FEF25%-75% group (26.7% vs 8.52%, p = 0.013). Long disease duration and severity of AR were significantly associated with impaired FEF25%-75% values.Conclusions: Subjects with AR alone may have impaired FEF25%-75% values which is considered as a marker of early bronchial involvement. Longer disease duration and severity of AR are important risk factors for progressive declines in small airway function. Physicians should be aware of need for the measurement of FEF25%-75% values for early detection of small airway dysfunction, particularly in children with severe long-lasting allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Seong Lee
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Pediatircs, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Pediatircs, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Han Ho Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Pediatircs, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - So Hyun Ahn
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Eunji Kim
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Department of Pediatrics, Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Department of Pediatrics, Korea
| | - Wonsuck Yoon
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Department of Pediatrics, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, 126-1, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Sung-buk-gu, Seoul, 136-705 Korea
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Kim YH, Jeong JE, Chung HL, Jang YY. Relationships between lung function and clinical findings in school-age survivors of preterm birth. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2021.9.2.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hai Lee Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Lung Function Predicts Outcome in Children With Obstructive Lung Disease After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e90-e94. [PMID: 32427706 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive lung disease (OLD) that develops after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. We investigated the role of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in the prediction of prognosis of OLD in children who have undergone HSCT. We retrospectively reviewed 538 patients who underwent allogenic HSCT in the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea, from April 2009 to July 2017. OLD was identified on PFTs or chest computed tomography scans obtained from 3 months after HSCT onwards. OLD developed after HSCT in 46 patients (28 male individuals, median age: 11.2 y). The group that developed OLD with an unfavorable prognosis (n=23) had a lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (% of predicted, 78.53±24.00 vs. 97.71±16.96, P=0.01), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (% of predicted, 52.54±31.77 vs. 84.44±18.59, P=0.00), FEV1/FVC (%, 59.28±18.68 vs. 79.94±9.77, P=0.00), and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75) (% of predicted, 30.95±39.92 vs. 57.82±25.71, P=0.00) at diagnosis than the group that developed OLD with a favorable prognosis (n=23). The group that developed OLD with an unfavorable prognosis had significant reductions in FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 at 2 years after diagnosis. Children who develop OLD with an unfavorable prognosis after HSCT already have poor lung function at the time of diagnosis. Additional treatment should be considered in patients who develop OLD after HSCT according to their PFTs at diagnosis.
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Normal Predicted Reference Values for Spirometry in Korean Children and Adolescents. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7090105. [PMID: 32825116 PMCID: PMC7552629 DOI: 10.3390/children7090105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary function tests are useful to evaluate airway obstructions and bronchial responsiveness. We aimed to determine the reference values applicable to Korean children and adolescents. In total, 5590 (2607 males, 2983 females) healthy children aged 4 to 17 years old were recruited from three regions in Korea. Simple and multiple regression analyses were applied using age, height, and weight as variables to predict the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) and the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). There were significant correlations between the variables and parameters (P < 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R2) values of polynomial equations with two variables were lower than those with two variables but higher than those of monomial equations based on height. The prediction equations by height were obtained, and the R2 value of the FEV1 was the highest. The predicted spirometric values for males were higher than those for females except for the MMEF. The R2 values for the FEV1 and FVC were higher than previous studies except for the R2 value of the FVC for males in European data. This study provided updated regression equations of normal predicted values for spirometry applicable to Korean children and adolescents.
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Won NH, Park SH, Ahn SH, Kim CB, Kwon JH, Seo WH, Song DJ, Yoo Y. Clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis in Korean children. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2020. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2020.8.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Hae Won
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Hyun Ahn
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Bong Kim
- Environmental Health Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hee Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim M, Choi S, Choi SH, Shin SH, Kim SK, Shim YS, Jeon YH. Metabolic syndrome and lung function in Korean children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15646. [PMID: 31666559 PMCID: PMC6821710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with pulmonary function in Korean children and adolescents. Data from the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey which is cross-sectional, nationwide, and representative survey were used. Adjusted regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of obesity and MetS with lung function in children and adolescents. A total of 763 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years were evaluated. We found no significant difference in FEV1% predicted, FVC% predicted, and FEV1/FVC ratio among the obesity groups. Subjects with MetS showed a significantly lower FEV1 predicted (91.54 ± 0.74% vs 94.64 ± 0.73%, P = 0.004), lower FVC% predicted (91.86 ± 0.63% vs 95.20 ± 0.63%, P < 0.001), and lower FEV1/FVC ratio (76.76 ± 0.43% vs 80.13 ± 0.43%, P < 0.001) than those without MetS. Elevated waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were independently associated with lower FEV1/FVC ratio (all P < 0.05, respectively). Among MetS components, increased WC was the most important factor influencing lower FEV1/FVC ratio. In conclusion, lung function in MetS patients was significantly lower, and the MetS component was independently associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seoheui Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Soo-Han Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sung Koo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Young Suk Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - You Hoon Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. .,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
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Wu T, Song G, Liu Q, Hu D, Li G, Tang X. Transition Patterns of Weight Status and Their Associated Factors among Elementary School Children: A Longitudinal Cohort Study Using Multistate Markov Model. Child Obes 2019; 15:306-312. [PMID: 31058538 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2018.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is a recognized public health concern worldwide. It is essential to study the natural progression of obesity in the interest of prevention. This study aimed to describe the dynamic changes in weight status among elementary school children and identify the significant factors influencing the progression or regression of weight status. Methods: This study involved 928 elementary school children who were followed up annually during their elementary school years. Heights, weights, and vital capacity (VC) were measured each school year. A multistate Markov model containing three weight states was fit to longitudinal weight status data. Results: Children with healthy weight and obesity tended to stay in their preceding weight state. Children with overweight, in contrast, were more likely to move to the other two states. The mean sojourn time in obesity and in overweight states was 5.15 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.22-6.3) and 2 years (95% CI: 1.76-2.28), respectively. Children in lower grades, those with a lower VC index, those with a higher initial BMI, those with a higher annual weight increment, and boys were at increased risk of progression to overweight or obesity, with a decreased probability of regression. Conclusions: Children with obesity were more resistant to recovery than those with overweight. Prevention and intervention measures should be adopted early when abnormal weight onset occurs. The multistate Markov model was an advanced tool to analyze dynamic changes in status and identify significant factors for progression and regression and helped to develop prevention and intervention targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjun Wu
- 2 Daltan No. 24 High School, Daltan, China
| | - Guirong Song
- 1 School of Public Health, Daltan Medical University, Daltan, China
| | - Qigui Liu
- 1 School of Public Health, Daltan Medical University, Daltan, China
| | - Dongmei Hu
- 1 School of Public Health, Daltan Medical University, Daltan, China
| | - Guorong Li
- 1 School of Public Health, Daltan Medical University, Daltan, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- 1 School of Public Health, Daltan Medical University, Daltan, China
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Lim H, Kim E, Lim CH, Park SH, Choung JT, Yoo Y. Relationships between fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels and FEF25%–75% in children with asthma. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2016.4.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwook Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunji Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hee Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Tae Choung
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Bae JY, Jang KS, Kang S, Han DH, Yang W, Shin KO. Correlation between basic physical fitness and pulmonary function in Korean children and adolescents: a cross-sectional survey. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2687-92. [PMID: 26504269 PMCID: PMC4616070 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to determine whether there was a correlation between basic physical fitness and pulmonary function in Korean school students, to present an alternative method for improving their pulmonary function. [Subjects and Methods] Two hundred forty healthy students aged 6-17 years performed physical fitness tests of hand-grip strength, sit and reach, Sargent jump, single leg stance, and pulmonary function tests of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) using a Quark PFT. [Results] Muscle strength and power of boys improved in the late period of elementary school and middle school. Muscle strength of girls improved in the late period of elementary school. Analysis of factors affecting pulmonary function revealed that height, weight, BMI, and body fat significantly correlated with spirometric parameters. Right hand-grip strength, left hand-grip strength, and Sargent jump also significantly correlated with FVC and FEV1. [Conclusion] In order to improve the pulmonary function of children and adolescents, aerobic exercise and an exercise program to increase muscle strength and power is needed, and it should start in the late period of elementary school when muscle strength and power are rapidly increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yong Bae
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical
Education, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Jang
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical
Education, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwun Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Korea Air Force Academy,
Republic of Korea
| | - Don Hee Han
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering,
Inje University, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonho Yang
- Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of
Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ok Shin
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical
Education, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
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