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Porras Truque C, García Moreno LM, Gordo PM, Ordoñez XG, Cadaveira F, Corral M. Verbal memory and executive components of recall in adolescent binge drinkers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1239716. [PMID: 37936573 PMCID: PMC10626472 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Binge drinking (BD) is a common health-risk behavior among young people. Due to the incomplete maturation of the adolescent brain, BD can lead to structural and functional changes that impact neurocognitive processes, particularly executive functioning and verbal memory. This study aimed to investigate the influence of executive components, such as mnemonic strategies and error avoidance, on performance in a verbal memory test and the potential effects of BD on this performance. Methods A sample of 160 college students (51.55% female) with a mean age of 18.12 ± 0.32 years completed assessments for alcohol use disorders using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), as well as psychopathological (Symptom Checklist-90-R) and neuropsychological evaluations (Verbal Learning Test Spain-Complutense and WMS-III Logical Memory). The Intensive Drinking Evaluation Instrument (IECI) was utilized to gather detailed information about binge drinking habits, including the calculation of the highest blood alcohol concentration (BAC) during an episode of intake. Results Correlation and clustering analyses revealed a negative association between BAC values and verbal memory performance, as well as the use of memory strategies. The high BAC group (BD) exhibited negative values in verbal memory variables, higher accuracy errors, and less efficient strategy usage, while the low BAC group (No BD) demonstrated better memory test performance, fewer precision errors, and superior use of memory strategies. Discussion These findings support the hypothesis that, when solving tests requiring verbal memory, adolescents reporting a BD consumption pattern show fewer executive skills in their resolution and, therefore, achieved poorer performance than non-binge drinkers. Addressing excessive alcohol consumption in young individuals is crucial for safeguarding their cognitive development and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Porras Truque
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel García Moreno
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Mateos Gordo
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier G. Ordoñez
- Department of Research and Psychology in Education, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Cadaveira
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Corral
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Huang S, White DR, Marinkovic K. Alterations of theta power and synchrony during encoding in young adult binge drinkers: Subsequent memory effects associated with retrieval after 48 h and 6 months. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1061016. [PMID: 36591031 PMCID: PMC9798430 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1061016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Young emerging adults commonly engage in binge drinking which is associated with a range of neurocognitive deficits, including memory impairments. However, evidence on neural oscillations mediating episodic memory in this population is lacking. To address this gap, we recorded theta oscillatory activity in young binge (BDs) and light drinkers (LDs) during memory encoding and analyzed it prospectively as a function of subsequent retrieval. Theta underlies successful encoding of novel items in memory through corticolimbic integration. Subsequent memory effects (SMEs) are reflected in stronger theta activity during encoding of the items that are later remembered compared to those that are later forgotten. Methods In the present study, 23 BDs (age: 23.3 ± 3.3) and 24 LDs (age: 23.4 ± 3.3) rated emotionally evocative images with negative, positive, and neutral themes during implicit encoding. They performed a recognition memory task on two follow-up occasions after a short (48 h), and long retention delay (6 months). Electroencephalography (EEG) signal was recorded during the encoding session and analyzed in time-frequency domain with Morlet wavelets in theta band (4-7 Hz). To evaluate SMEs, the event-related theta oscillations acquired during encoding were analyzed based on recognition outcomes after the two retention intervals. Results The BD and LD groups did not differ on recognition memory. However, BDs showed attenuated event-related theta power during encoding of images that were successfully retained after 6 months compared to LDs. In addition, theta synchronous activity between frontal and left posterior regions during encoding successfully predicted recognition of the images after both retention delays in LDs but not in BDs. These SMEs on theta power and synchrony correlated negatively with high-intensity drinking in the previous 6 months. No differences between men and women were observed for any analysis. Discussion It has been well established that long-range neural synchrony between cortical and limbic nodes underlies successful memory encoding and retention which, in turn, depends on neural excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance. Given that binge drinking is associated with E/I dysregulation, the observed SME deficiencies are consistent with other evidence of neural hyperexcitability in BDs, and may be indicative of increased risk of developing alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Huang
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - David R. White
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ksenija Marinkovic
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego CA, United States,*Correspondence: Ksenija Marinkovic,
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Kang JG, Kim MS. Neuropsychological Profile of College Students Who Engage in Binge Drinking. Front Psychol 2022; 13:873654. [PMID: 35496236 PMCID: PMC9051325 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.873654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the neuropsychological profile of college students who engage in binge drinking (BD) using comprehensive neuropsychological tests evaluating verbal/non-verbal memory, executive functions, and attention. Groups were determined based on scores on the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-K) and Alcohol Use Questionnaire (AUQ). There were 79 and 81 participants in the BD and non-BD groups, respectively. We administered the Korean version of the California Verbal Learning Test (K-CVLT) and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) to evaluate verbal and non-verbal memory, respectively, and measured executive functions using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail-Making Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test and Stroop Color-Word Test. We administered the d2 test to evaluate attention. Neuropsychological performance was analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. The BD group showed significantly poorer performance in the long-term free recall condition of the K-CVLT and delayed recall condition of the RCFT and completed significantly fewer categories on the WCST than the non-BD group. In addition, there were significant negative associations among the AUDIT-K total score, AUQ binge score, and long-term free recall score of the K-CVLT. There were significant negative associations between the total AUDIT-K score and delayed recall RCFT score, and between the total AUDIT-K total score and numbers of completed categories on the WCST. These results indicate that college students who participate in BD have difficulties with verbal/non-verbal memory and executive functions, and further suggest that excessive alcohol use could have detrimental effects on the hippocampal-prefrontal circuit even with a relatively short period of alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myung-Sun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
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Why should we ask binge drinkers if they smoke cannabis? Additive effect of alcohol and cannabis use on college students' neuropsychological performance. Addict Behav Rep 2021; 14:100362. [PMID: 34159250 PMCID: PMC8202342 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on combined binge drinking and cannabis use in college students. Cannabis use and binge drinking had an additive effect on cognition. This consumption pattern contributed to memory and executive impairments. Binge drinkers had a heterogeneous cognitive profile regardless of cannabis use. Cannabis use should be assessed in binge drinkers to adapt prevention strategies.
Introduction Binge drinking (BD) and cannabis use are prevalent in European adolescents and students. BD has been shown to have a negative impact on neuropsychological functioning, but little is known about the additive effect when it is combined with cannabis consumption. We therefore investigated the neuropsychological profiles of students who engage in combined BD and cannabis use, in order to explore the potentially harmful additive effects of cannabis use and BD on cognition. Material and methods A sample of college students (N = 298) completed questionnaires on alcohol and cannabis use, and were screened for neuropsychological impairments using the Brief Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Neuropsychological Impairments (BEARNI). First, after dividing students into three groups according to their alcohol and cannabis use (i.e., light drinkers, binge drinkers, and binge drinkers consuming cannabis), we ran a linear mixed model based on the BEARNI z scores to test the performances of the three groups. Information yielded by the mixed model was supplemented by individual analyses. Second, to explore the heterogeneity of binge drinkers’ profiles, we ran a cluster analysis to characterize the alcohol users at higher risk of more severe neuropsychological impairment. Results Overall, poorer neuropsychological performances were observed among binge drinkers compared with light drinkers, whether they used cannabis or not. However, flexibility, episodic memory and working memory were particularly affected among binge drinkers who used cannabis. Conclusions Results emphasize the importance of asking binge drinkers if they smoke cannabis, in order to adapt care and prevention strategies to their consumption and neuropsychological profile.
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Kim BM, Kim MS, Kim JS. Alterations of Functional Connectivity During the Resting State and Their Associations With Visual Memory in College Students Who Binge Drink. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:600437. [PMID: 33424567 PMCID: PMC7793784 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.600437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the characteristics of neural oscillation and functional connectivity (FC) in college students engaging in binge drinking (BD) using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). Also, the associations of visual memory, evaluated by the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT), and neural oscillation with FC during the resting state were investigated. The BD (n = 35) and non-BD (n = 35) groups were selected based on scores of the Korean version of the Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) Identification Test and the Alcohol Use Questionnaire. EEG was performed for 6 min while the participants rested with eyes closed. The theta, lower-alpha, and upper alpha powers did not differ between the BD and non-BD groups. Concerning FC, the BD group exhibited stronger theta coherence than that of the non-BD group, and in the lower and upper alpha bands, the BD group showed stronger coherence in some areas but weaker coherence in others compared with the non-BD group. However, these significant results were not observed after Bonferroni correction. The BD group showed significantly lower delayed recall scores on the RCFT than did the non-BD group. A positive correlation between the left prefrontal-parietal-occipital midline connection and performance on the delayed recall of the RCFT was observed in the BD group. The present results could suggest that binge drinkers have alterations in brain FC, which may be related to their visual memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - June Sic Kim
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Neuropsychological Trajectories Associated with Adolescent Alcohol and Cannabis Use: A Prospective 14-Year Study. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2020; 26:480-491. [PMID: 31822320 PMCID: PMC7205577 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617719001395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alcohol and cannabis remain the substances most widely used by adolescents. Better understanding of the dynamic relationship between trajectories of substance use in relation to neuropsychological functioning is needed. The aim of this study was to examine the different impacts of within- and between-person changes in alcohol and cannabis use on neuropsychological functioning over multiple time points. METHODS Hierarchical linear modeling examined the effects of alcohol and cannabis use on neuropsychological functioning over the course of 14 years in a sample of 175 adolescents (aged 12-15 years at baseline). RESULTS Time-specific fluctuations in alcohol use (within-person effect) predicted worse performance across time on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence Block Design subtest (B = -.05, SE = .02, p = .01). Greater mean levels of percent days of cannabis use across time (between-person effect) were associated with an increased contrast score between Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Color Word Inhibition and Color Naming conditions (B = .52, SE = .14, p < .0001) and poorer performance over time on Block Design (B = -.08, SE = .04, p = .03). Neither alcohol and/nor cannabis use over time was associated with performance in the verbal memory and processing speed domains. CONCLUSIONS Greater cumulative cannabis use over adolescence may be linked to poorer inhibitory control and visuospatial functioning performance, whereas more proximal increases in alcohol consumption during adolescence may drive alcohol-related performance decrements in visuospatial functioning. Results from this prospective study add to the growing body of literature on the impact of alcohol and cannabis use on cognition from adolescent to young adulthood.
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Luquiens A, Said AB, Sadik H, Ferrer Sánchez Del Villar E, Le Manach A, Ambrosino B, Tzourio C, Benyamina A, Aubin HJ. Alcohol consumption, drinker identity, and quality of life among students: why there cannot be one prevention strategy for all. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:2629-2637. [PMID: 29934797 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective for this study was to combine drinking characteristics and two subjective measures, drinker identity and alcohol-related quality of life, i.e., negative impact of alcohol on quality of life, to determine relevant profiles for indicated prevention programs. In particular, we hypothesized that different profiles of students with high level of alcohol consumption exist when exploring subjectivity. METHODS We performed an online survey among 16,930 students. We collected sociodemographics and environmental data, including alcohol-related quality of life, drinker identity, and drinking characteristics. We performed a hierarchical clustering on principal components. We described all variables in each cluster and explored between clusters differences by Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS We identified five clusters as regarding drinker identity, drinking characteristics, and alcohol-related quality of life. Among these five clusters, three clusters presented high drinking characteristics. A very vulnerable cluster showed high level of alcohol consumption, impact on quality of life and on academic results, and strong drinker identity. An egodystonic cluster showed high level of consumption, mild impact on quality of life and on academic results, but low drinker identity. A cluster seemed short-term super-adapted in heavy drinking environment, showing high level of alcohol consumption and drinker identity, but low impact on quality of life and on academic results (all between clusters p values < 0.001 with Kruskal-Wallis tests). CONCLUSION The subjective experience of students from these clusters was significantly different (p value < 0.001), and could explain some inadequacy of certain prevention strategies, considering binge drinker student as a homogeneous group. Prospective studies are needed to explore changes over time of these clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Luquiens
- Addiction department, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP, 12 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94804, Villejuif cedex, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France. .,CMAP, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France.
| | | | - Haïm Sadik
- Ecole Centrale-Supélec Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Christophe Tzourio
- Team HEALTHY, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amine Benyamina
- Addiction department, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP, 12 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94804, Villejuif cedex, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Henri-Jean Aubin
- Addiction department, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP, 12 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94804, Villejuif cedex, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
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8
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Smith JL, De Blasio FM, Iredale JM, Matthews AJ, Bruno R, Dwyer M, Batt T, Fox AM, Solowij N, Mattick RP. Verbal Learning and Memory in Cannabis and Alcohol Users: An Event-Related Potential Investigation. Front Psychol 2017; 8:2129. [PMID: 29276495 PMCID: PMC5727079 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Long-term heavy use of cannabis and alcohol are known to be associated with memory impairments. In this study, we used event-related potentials to examine verbal learning and memory processing in a commonly used behavioral task. Method: We conducted two studies: first, a small pilot study of adolescent males, comprising 13 Drug-Naive Controls (DNC), 12 heavy drinkers (HD) and 8 cannabis users (CU). Second, a larger study of young adults, comprising 45 DNC (20 female), 39 HD (16 female), and 20 CU (9 female). In both studies, participants completed a modified verbal learning task (the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, RAVLT) while brain electrical activity was recorded. ERPs were calculated for words which were subsequently remembered vs. those which were not remembered, and for presentations of learnt words, previously seen words, and new words in a subsequent recognition test. Pre-planned principal components analyses (PCA) were used to quantify the ERP components in these recall and recognition phases separately for each study. Results: Memory performance overall was slightly lower than published norms using the standardized RAVLT delivery, but was generally similar and showed the expected changes over trials. Few differences in performance were observed between groups; a notable exception was markedly poorer delayed recall in HD relative to DNC (Study 2). PCA identified components expected from prior research using other memory tasks. At encoding, there were no between-group differences in the usual P2 recall effect (larger for recalled than not-recalled words). However, alcohol-related differences were observed in a larger P540 (indexing recollection) in HD than DNC, and cannabis-related differences were observed in a smaller N340 (indexing familiarity) and a lack of previously seen > new words effect for P540 in Study 2. Conclusions: This study is the first examination of ERPs in the RAVLT in healthy control participants, as well as substance-using individuals, and represents an important advance in methodology. The results indicate alterations in recognition memory processing, which even if not manifesting in overt behavioral impairment, underline the potential for brain dysfunction with early exposure to alcohol and cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette L Smith
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frances M De Blasio
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jaimi M Iredale
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Raimondo Bruno
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Michelle Dwyer
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Tessa Batt
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Allison M Fox
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard P Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Vinader-Caerols C, Duque A, Montañés A, Monleón S. Blood Alcohol Concentration-Related Lower Performance in Immediate Visual Memory and Working Memory in Adolescent Binge Drinkers. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1720. [PMID: 29046656 PMCID: PMC5632669 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binge drinking (BD) pattern of alcohol consumption is prevalent during adolescence, a period characterized by critical changes to the structural and functional development of brain areas related with memory and cognition. There is considerable evidence of the cognitive dysfunctions caused by the neurotoxic effects of BD in the not-yet-adult brain. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) on memory during late adolescence (18–19 years old) in males and females with a history of BD. The sample consisted of 154 adolescents (67 males and 87 females) that were classified as refrainers if they had never previously drunk alcoholic drinks and as binge drinkers if they had drunk six or more standard drink units in a row for men or five or more for women at a minimum frequency of three occasions in a month, throughout the previous 12 months. After intake of a high acute dose of alcohol by binge drinkers or a control refreshment by refrainers and binge drinkers, subjects were distributed into four groups for each gender according to their BAC: BAC0-R (0 g/L, in refrainers), BAC0-BD (0 g/L, in binge drinkers), BAC1 (0.3 – 0.5 g/L, in binge drinkers) or BAC2 (0.54 – 1.1 g/L, in binge drinkers). The subjects’ immediate visual memory and working memory were then measured according to the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-III). The BAC1 group showed lower scores of immediate visual memory but not of working memory, while lower performance in both memories were found in the BAC2 group. Therefore, the brain of binge drinkers with moderate BAC could be employing compensatory mechanisms from additional brain areas to perform a working memory task adequately, but these resources would be undermined when BAC is higher (>0.5 g/L). No gender differences were found in BAC-related lower performance in immediate visual memory and working memory. In conclusion, immediate visual memory is more sensitive than working memory to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol in adolescent binge drinkers of both genders, being a BAC-related lower performance, and without obvious differences between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aránzazu Duque
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adriana Montañés
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Monleón
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Cohen-Gilbert JE, Nickerson LD, Sneider JT, Oot EN, Seraikas AM, Rohan ML, Silveri MM. College Binge Drinking Associated with Decreased Frontal Activation to Negative Emotional Distractors during Inhibitory Control. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1650. [PMID: 29018380 PMCID: PMC5614979 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition to college is associated with an increase in heavy episodic alcohol use, or binge drinking, during a time when the prefrontal cortex and prefrontal-limbic circuitry continue to mature. Traits associated with this immaturity, including impulsivity in emotional contexts, may contribute to risky and heavy episodic alcohol consumption. The current study used blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) multiband functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activation during a task that required participants to ignore background images with positive, negative, or neutral emotional valence while performing an inhibitory control task (Go-NoGo). Subjects were 23 college freshmen (seven male, 18-20 years) who engaged in a range of drinking behavior (past 3 months' binge episodes range = 0-19, mean = 4.6, total drinks consumed range = 0-104, mean = 32.0). Brain activation on inhibitory trials (NoGo) was contrasted between negative and neutral conditions and between positive and neutral conditions using non-parametric testing (5000 permutations) and cluster-based thresholding (z = 2.3), p ≤ 0.05 corrected. Results showed that a higher recent incidence of binge drinking was significantly associated with decreased activation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), brain regions strongly implicated in executive functioning, during negative relative to neutral inhibitory trials. No significant associations between binge drinking and brain activation were observed for positive relative to neutral images. While task performance was not significantly associated with binge drinking in this sample, subjects with heavier recent binge drinking showed decreased recruitment of executive control regions under negative versus neutral distractor conditions. These findings suggest that in young adults with heavier recent binge drinking, processing of negative emotional images interferes more with inhibitory control neurocircuitry than in young adults who do not binge drink often. This pattern of altered frontal lobe activation associated with binge drinking may serve as an early marker of risk for future self-regulation deficits that could lead to problematic alcohol use. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the impact of emotion on cognitive control and associated brain functioning in binge drinking behaviors among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Cohen-Gilbert
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States
| | - Lisa D. Nickerson
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States
- Applied Neuroimaging Statistics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
| | - Jennifer T. Sneider
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States
| | - Emily N. Oot
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
- Boston University School of Medicine, BostonMA, United States
| | - Anna M. Seraikas
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
| | - Michael L. Rohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
| | - Marisa M. Silveri
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, BelmontMA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States
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11
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Ceccanti M, Coriale G, Hamilton DA, Carito V, Coccurello R, Scalese B, Ciafrè S, Codazzo C, Messina MP, Chaldakov GN, Fiore M. Virtual Morris task responses in individuals in an abstinence phase from alcohol. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:128-136. [PMID: 28763626 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at examining spatial learning and memory, in 33 men and 12 women with alcohol use disorder (AUD) undergoing ethanol detoxification, by using a virtual Morris task. As controls, we recruited 29 men and 10 women among episodic drinkers without a history of alcohol addiction or alcohol-related diseases. Elevated latency to the first movement in all trials was observed only in AUD persons; furthermore, control women had longer latencies compared with control men. Increased time spent to reach the hidden platform in the learning phase was found for women of both groups compared with men, in particular during trial 3. As predicted, AUD persons (more evident in men) spent less time in the target quadrant during the probe trial; however, AUD women had longer latencies to reach the platform in the visible condition during trials 6 and 7 that resulted in a greater distance moved. As for the probe trial, men of both groups showed increased virtual locomotion compared with the women of both groups. The present investigation confirms and extends previous studies showing (i) different gender responses in spatial learning tasks, (ii) some alterations due to alcohol addiction in virtual spatial learning, and (iii) differences between AUD men and AUD women in spatial-behaviour-related paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ceccanti
- a Center for Alcohol Abuse (Centro Riferimento Alcologico Regione Lazio-CRARL), Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Coriale
- a Center for Alcohol Abuse (Centro Riferimento Alcologico Regione Lazio-CRARL), Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Derek A Hamilton
- b Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Valentina Carito
- c Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (IBCN-CNR)/Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- c Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (IBCN-CNR)/Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruna Scalese
- a Center for Alcohol Abuse (Centro Riferimento Alcologico Regione Lazio-CRARL), Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Ciafrè
- c Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (IBCN-CNR)/Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Codazzo
- a Center for Alcohol Abuse (Centro Riferimento Alcologico Regione Lazio-CRARL), Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa Patrizia Messina
- a Center for Alcohol Abuse (Centro Riferimento Alcologico Regione Lazio-CRARL), Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - George N Chaldakov
- d Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University, Varna, 9002 Bulgaria
| | - Marco Fiore
- c Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (IBCN-CNR)/Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Rome, Italy
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12
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Carbia C, Cadaveira F, Caamaño-Isorna F, Rodríguez-Holguín S, Corral M. Binge drinking during adolescence and young adulthood is associated with deficits in verbal episodic memory. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171393. [PMID: 28152062 PMCID: PMC5289570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking (BD), a harmful pattern of alcohol consumption, is common during adolescence. Young adults with alcohol use disorders exhibit hippocampal alterations and episodic memory deficits. However, it is not known how these difficulties progress in community BD adolescents. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between BD trajectory and verbal episodic memory during the developmental period spanning from adolescence and to early adulthood. An initial sample of 155 male and female first-year university students with no other risk factors were followed over six years. Participants were classified as stable non-BDs, stable BDs and ex-BDs according to the third AUDIT item. At baseline, participants comprised 36 ♂/ 40 ♀ non-BDs (18.58 years), 40 ♂/ 39 ♀ BDs (18.87 years), and at the third follow-up, they comprised 8 ♂/ 8 ♀ stable non-BDs (25.49 years), 2 ♂/ 2 ♀ stable BDs (25.40) and 8 ♂/ 12 ♀ ex-BDs (24.97 years). Episodic memory was assessed four times with the Logical Memory subtest (WMS-III) and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Generalized linear mixed models were applied. The results showed that, relative to non-BDs, stable BDs presented difficulties in immediate and delayed recall in the Logical Memory subtest. These difficulties remained stable over time. The short-term ex-BDs continued to display difficulties in immediate and delayed recall in the Logical Memory subtest, but long-term ex-BDs did not. The effects were not influenced by age of alcohol onset, frequency of cannabis use, tobacco use or psychopathological distress. In conclusion, BD during adolescence and young adulthood is associated with episodic memory deficits. Abandoning the BD pattern may lead to partial recovery. These findings are consistent with the vulnerability of the adolescent hippocampus to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Carbia
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Fernando Cadaveira
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Caamaño-Isorna
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Socorro Rodríguez-Holguín
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montse Corral
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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13
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Salas-Gomez D, Fernandez-Gorgojo M, Pozueta A, Diaz-Ceballos I, Lamarain M, Perez C, Sanchez-Juan P. Binge Drinking in Young University Students Is Associated with Alterations in Executive Functions Related to Their Starting Age. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166834. [PMID: 27861563 PMCID: PMC5115818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate whether or not alcohol consumption in the form of binge drinking is associated with alterations of memory and executive functions in a population of university students. At the same time, we have studied the role of potential modulating factors, such as the APOE genotype or physical exercise.University students enrolled in academic year 2013–2014 at Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat-Cantabria, affiliated with the University of Cantabria, were invited to participate in the study. We gathered sociodemographic data and details regarding the lifestyle of 206 students (mean age 19.55 ± 2.39; 67.5% women). We evaluated memory and executive functions via a series of validated cognitive tests. Participants were classified as binge drinkers (BD) and non-BD. Using Student's t-distribution we studied the association between cognitive tests and BD patterns. Multivariate analyses were carried out via multiple linear regression. 47.6% of the students were found to be BD. The BD differed significantly from the non-BD in their results in the executive functions test TMT B (43.41 ± 13.30 vs 37.40 ± 9.77; p = 0.0003). Adjusting by age, sex, academic records, age at which they started consuming alcohol, cannabis consumption, level of physical activity and other possible modifying variables, the association was statistically significant (p = 0.009). We noticed a statistically significant inverse correlation (Pearson’s r2 = -0.192; p = 0.007) between TMT B and starting age of alcohol consumption. Differences were observed in another executive functions test, TMT A, but only in the group of women (19.73±6.1 BD vs 17.78±5.4 non-BD p = 0.05). In spite of the young age of our participants, BD was associated with a lower performance in the executive functions test (TMT B). These deficits were related to the age at which they started drinking alcohol, suggesting an accumulative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Salas-Gomez
- Gimbernat-Cantabria Research Unit (SUIGC), University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Mario Fernandez-Gorgojo
- Gimbernat-Cantabria Research Unit (SUIGC), University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Ana Pozueta
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
- Service of Neurology, University Hospital “Marqués de Valdecilla”, University of Cantabria (UC), CIBERNED, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Isabel Diaz-Ceballos
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Maider Lamarain
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Carmen Perez
- Gimbernat-Cantabria Research Unit (SUIGC), University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Pascual Sanchez-Juan
- Gimbernat-Cantabria Research Unit (SUIGC), University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
- University Schools Gimbernat-Cantabria, Attached to the University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
- Service of Neurology, University Hospital “Marqués de Valdecilla”, University of Cantabria (UC), CIBERNED, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- * E-mail:
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14
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Nguyen-Louie TT, Tracas A, Squeglia LM, Matt GE, Eberson-Shumate S, Tapert SF. Learning and Memory in Adolescent Moderate, Binge, and Extreme-Binge Drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2016; 40:1895-904. [PMID: 27462830 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking has been linked to neurocognitive disadvantages in youth, but it is unclear whether drinking at particularly heavy levels uniquely affects neurocognitive performance. This study prospectively examined (1) whether initiating moderate, binge, or extreme-binge drinking in adolescence differentially influences subsequent learning and memory performances, and (2) whether dosage of alcohol consumption is linearly associated with changes in learning and memory over 6 years of adolescence. METHODS Participants, who later transitioned into drinking, were administered verbal learning and memory (VLM) assessments at project intake prior to the onset of substance use (age 12 to 16 years), and at follow-up approximately 6 years later (N = 112). Participants were grouped based on alcohol involvement at follow-up as follows: moderate (≤4 drinks per occasion), binge (5+ drinks per occasion), or extreme-binge (10+ drinks per occasion) drinkers. RESULTS Despite equivalent performances prior to onset of drinking, extreme-binge drinkers performed worse than moderate drinkers on verbal learning, and cued and free short delayed recall (ps < 0.05); binge drinkers did not differ from the other groups. No distinct thresholds in alcohol quantity to differentiate the 3 groups were detected, but estimated peak blood alcohol concentrations were linearly associated with verbal learning (β^ = -0.24), and immediate (β^ = -0.27), short delay free (β^ = -0.28) and cued (β^ = -0.30), and long delay free (β^ = -0.24) and cued (β^ = -0.27) recall (ps < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Drinking quantity during adolescence appears to adversely affect VLM in a dose-dependent manner. The acquisition of new verbal information may be particularly affected, notably for those who initiated drinking 10+ drinks in an occasion. Although classification of drinkers into categories remains critical in the study of alcohol, it is important to consider that subtle differences may exist within drinking categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam T Nguyen-Louie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Ashley Tracas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Georg E Matt
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California.,Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | | | - Susan F Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
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15
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Nguyen-Louie TT, Castro N, Matt GE, Squeglia LM, Brumback T, Tapert SF. Effects of Emerging Alcohol and Marijuana Use Behaviors on Adolescents' Neuropsychological Functioning Over Four Years. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2016; 76:738-48. [PMID: 26402354 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2015.76.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescence is a period of neuromaturation concomitant with increased substance involvement. Most substance use studies of adolescents have focused on categorical classifications (e.g., dependent vs. nondependent), but little is known about the influence of specific substance use behaviors on cognitive functioning in youth. METHOD This study prospectively evaluated the quantitative effects of different substance use behaviors on neuropsychological functioning. A cognitive test battery was administered at baseline (ages 12-14 years), before substance use initiation, and at follow-up (M = 4.0 years, SD = 2.0) to evaluate changes in verbal memory, visuospatial ability, psychomotor speed, processing speed, and working memory. Robust regressions examined substance use behaviors as predictors of neuropsychological functioning (N = 234). RESULTS Several substance use behaviors predicted follow-up neuropsychological functioning above and beyond effects of baseline performance on the same measure (ps < .05). Specifically, more alcohol use days predicted worse verbal memory (β = -.15) and visuospatial ability (β = -.19). More postdrinking effects (β = -.15) and greater drug use (β = -.11) predicted worse psychomotor speed. Processing speed was not predicted by substance involvement (ps > .05). Unexpectedly, more alcohol use predicted better working memory performance (β = .12). CONCLUSIONS The frequency and intensity of adolescent alcohol use may be more intricately linked to neuropsychological outcomes than previously considered. The low prevalence of substance use disorder in the sample suggests that subdiagnostic users may still experience adverse effects to verbal memory, visuospatial functioning, and psychomotor speed after initiating intense or frequent alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam T Nguyen-Louie
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Norma Castro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Georg E Matt
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | | | - Ty Brumback
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Susan F Tapert
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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16
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Bell MD, Vissicchio NA, Weinstein AJ. Visual and verbal learning deficits in Veterans with alcohol and substance use disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 159:61-5. [PMID: 26684868 PMCID: PMC4724542 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined visual and verbal learning in the early phase of recovery for 48 Veterans with alcohol use (AUD) and substance use disorders (SUD, primarily cocaine and opiate abusers). Previous studies have demonstrated visual and verbal learning deficits in AUD, however little is known about the differences between AUD and SUD on these domains. Since the DSM-5 specifically identifies problems with learning in AUD and not in SUD, and problems with visual and verbal learning have been more prevalent in the literature for AUD than SUD, we predicted that people with AUD would be more impaired on measures of visual and verbal learning than people with SUD. METHODS Participants were enrolled in a comprehensive rehabilitation program and were assessed within the first 5 weeks of abstinence. Verbal learning was measured using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) and visual learning was assessed using the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT). RESULTS Results indicated significantly greater decline in verbal learning on the HVLT across the three learning trials for AUD participants but not for SUD participants (F=4.653, df=48, p=0.036). Visual learning was less impaired than verbal learning across learning trials for both diagnostic groups (F=0.197, df=48, p=0.674); there was no significant difference between groups on visual learning (F=0.401, df=14, p=0.538). DISCUSSION Older Veterans in the early phase of recovery from AUD may have difficulty learning new verbal information. Deficits in verbal learning may reduce the effectiveness of verbally-based interventions such as psycho-education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris D. Bell
- Yale University School of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT 06511 USA,Department of Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA
| | - Nicholas A. Vissicchio
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA
| | - Andrea J. Weinstein
- Yale University School of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT 06511 USA,Department of Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA
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17
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Sullivan EV, Brumback T, Tapert SF, Fama R, Prouty D, Brown SA, Cummins K, Thompson WK, Colrain IM, Baker FC, De Bellis MD, Hooper SR, Clark DB, Chung T, Nagel BJ, Nichols BN, Rohlfing T, Chu W, Pohl KM, Pfefferbaum A. Cognitive, emotion control, and motor performance of adolescents in the NCANDA study: Contributions from alcohol consumption, age, sex, ethnicity, and family history of addiction. Neuropsychology 2016; 30:449-73. [PMID: 26752122 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate development of cognitive and motor functions in healthy adolescents and to explore whether hazardous drinking affects the normal developmental course of those functions. METHOD Participants were 831 adolescents recruited across 5 United States sites of the National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence 692 met criteria for no/low alcohol exposure, and 139 exceeded drinking thresholds. Cross-sectional, baseline data were collected with computerized and traditional neuropsychological tests assessing 8 functional domains expressed as composite scores. General additive modeling evaluated factors potentially modulating performance (age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and pubertal developmental stage). RESULTS Older no/low-drinking participants achieved better scores than younger ones on 5 accuracy composites (general ability, abstraction, attention, emotion, and balance). Speeded responses for attention, motor speed, and general ability were sensitive to age and pubertal development. The exceeds-threshold group (accounting for age, sex, and other demographic factors) performed significantly below the no/low-drinking group on balance accuracy and on general ability, attention, episodic memory, emotion, and motor speed scores and showed evidence for faster speed at the expense of accuracy. Delay Discounting performance was consistent with poor impulse control in the younger no/low drinkers and in exceeds-threshold drinkers regardless of age. CONCLUSIONS Higher achievement with older age and pubertal stage in general ability, abstraction, attention, emotion, and balance suggests continued functional development through adolescence, possibly supported by concurrently maturing frontal, limbic, and cerebellar brain systems. Determination of whether low scores by the exceeds-threshold group resulted from drinking or from other preexisting factors requires longitudinal study. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith V Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Ty Brumback
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
| | - Susan F Tapert
- Psychology Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System
| | - Rosemary Fama
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | | | - Sandra A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
| | - Kevin Cummins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
| | | | | | | | - Michael D De Bellis
- Healthy Childhood Brain Development Research Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Stephen R Hooper
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina School of Medicine
| | | | - Tammy Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Sciences University
| | - B Nolan Nichols
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Kilian M Pohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
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18
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Bell MD, Vissicchio NA, Weinstein AJ. Cognitive Training and Work Therapy for the Treatment of Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits in Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorders. J Dual Diagn 2016; 12:83-9. [PMID: 26828571 PMCID: PMC4932894 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2016.1145779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study focused on the efficacy of cognitive training for verbal learning and memory deficits in a population of older veterans with alcohol use disorders. METHODS Veterans with alcohol use disorders, who were in outpatient treatment at VA facilities and in early-phase recovery (N = 31), were randomized to receive a three-month trial of daily cognitive training plus work therapy (n = 15) or work therapy alone (n = 16), along with treatment as usual. Participants completed assessments at baseline and at three- and six-month follow-ups; the Hopkins Verbal Learning Task (HVLT) was the primary outcome measure. RESULTS Participants were primarily male (97%) and in their mid-50s (M = 55.16, SD = 5.16) and had been sober for 1.64 (SD = 2.81) months. Study retention was excellent (91% at three-month follow-up) and adherence to treatment in both conditions was very good. On average, participants in the cognitive training condition had more than 41 hours of cognitive training, and both conditions had more than 230 hours of productive activity. HVLT results at three-month follow-up revealed significant condition effects favoring cognitive training for verbal learning (HVLT Trial-3 T-score, p < .005, Cohen's d = 1.3) and verbal memory (HVLT Total T-score, p < .01, Cohen's d = 1.1). Condition effects were sustained at six-month follow-up. At baseline, 55.9% of participants showed a significant deficit in verbal memory and 58.8% showed a deficit in verbal learning compared with a premorbid estimate of verbal IQ. At three-month follow-up there was a significant reduction in the number of participants in the cognitive training condition with clinically significant verbal memory deficits (p < .01, number needed to treat = 3.0) compared with the work therapy alone condition and a trend toward significance for verbal learning deficits, which was not sustained at six-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded pilot study demonstrates that cognitive training within the context of another activating intervention (work therapy) may have efficacy in remediating verbal learning and memory deficits in patients with alcohol use disorder. Findings indicate a large effect for cognitive training in this pilot study, which suggests that further research is warranted. This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 01410110).
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris D Bell
- a Department of Psychiatry , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , Connecticut , USA.,b Department of Veterans Affairs , Rehabilitation Research and Development Service , West Haven , Connecticut , USA
| | - Nicholas A Vissicchio
- b Department of Veterans Affairs , Rehabilitation Research and Development Service , West Haven , Connecticut , USA
| | - Andrea J Weinstein
- a Department of Psychiatry , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , Connecticut , USA.,b Department of Veterans Affairs , Rehabilitation Research and Development Service , West Haven , Connecticut , USA
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Hyperthermia-Induced Febrile Seizures Have Moderate and Transient Effects on Spatial Learning in Immature Rats. Behav Neurol 2015; 2015:924303. [PMID: 26063965 PMCID: PMC4430674 DOI: 10.1155/2015/924303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize a novel animal model hyperthermia-induced febrile seizure and to investigate the impacts of repetitive febrile seizures on spatial learning and memory performances in immature rats. Methods. Rats were subjected to hyperthermia exposure one, two, or three times in 10-day intervals during 30 min in a water bath warmed at 45–50°C and their behaviour was monitored. Morris water maze spatial learning and memory were examined for control and treated groups. Results showed that rats subjected to 30-minute hyperthermia hot water developed rapidly myoclonic jerks and then generalized seizures. After a single hyperthermia exposure, the time for generalised tonic-clonic seizures appearance was 16.08 ± 0.60 min and it decreased gradually with repetitive exposure to reach 12.46 ± 0.39 min by the third exposure. Febrile seizures altered the spatial learning and memory abilities in Morris water maze and increased the time spent to attain the platform after one or two exposures, while after a third exposure rats exhibited the same latency compared to controls. Similar results were obtained in probe test where rats, subjected to hyperthermia for one or two episodes, spent less time in the target quadrant compared to corresponding controls. Further, when platform was moved from northwest to southwest quadrant, memory transfer test indicated that after one or two hyperthermia exposures cognitive performances were slightly altered, while after a third exposure the latency to escape increased significantly compared to untreated group. It was concluded that 30 min of hyperthermia hot water was sufficient to induce febrile seizures in immature rats and an increase of susceptibility was observed with repetitive hyperthermia exposure. Hyperthermia treatment impaired cognitive performances but the effects were mostly transient and moderate.
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20
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Sneider JT, Hamilton DA, Cohen-Gilbert JE, Crowley DJ, Rosso IM, Silveri MM. Sex differences in spatial navigation and perception in human adolescents and emerging adults. Behav Processes 2015; 111:42-50. [PMID: 25464337 PMCID: PMC4304985 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Males typically outperform females on spatial tasks, beginning early in life and continuing into adulthood. This study aimed to characterize age and sex differences in human spatial ability using a virtual Water Maze Task (vWMT), which is based on the classic Morris water maze spatial navigation task used in rodents. Performance on the vWMT and on a task assessing visuospatial perception, Mental Rotations Test (MRT), was examined in 33 adolescents and 39 emerging adults. For the vWMT, significant effects of age and sex were observed for path length in the target region (narrower spatial sampling), and heading error, with emerging adults performing better than adolescents, and an overall male advantage. For the MRT, males scored higher than females, but only in emerging adulthood. Overall, sex differences in visuospatial perception (MRT) emerge differently from those observed on a classic navigation task, with age and sex-specific superior vWMT performance likely related to the use of more efficient strategies. Importantly, these results extend the developmental timeline of spatial ability characterization to include adolescent males and females performing a virtual version of the classic vWMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Sneider
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Derek A Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Julia E Cohen-Gilbert
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David J Crowley
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle M Rosso
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marisa M Silveri
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Silveri MM, Cohen-Gilbert J, Crowley DJ, Rosso IM, Jensen JE, Sneider JT. Altered anterior cingulate neurochemistry in emerging adult binge drinkers with a history of alcohol-induced blackouts. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:969-79. [PMID: 24512596 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge alcohol consumption is associated with multiple neurobiological consequences, including altered neurophysiology, brain structure, and functional activation. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have demonstrated neurochemical alterations in the frontal lobe of alcohol users, although most studies focused on older, alcohol-dependent subjects. METHODS In this study, neurochemical data were acquired using MRS at 4.0 Tesla from emerging adults (18 to 24 years old) who were binge alcohol drinkers (BD, n = 23) or light drinkers (LD, n = 31). Since binge drinking is also associated with increased prevalence of experiencing an alcohol-induced blackout, BD were stratified into alcohol-induced blackout (BDBO) and non-blackout (BDN) groups. RESULTS Overall, BD had significantly lower gamma amino-butyric acid (GABA) and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) than LD. When stratified by blackout history, BDBO also had lower ACC glutamate (Glu) than LD. No group differences in MRS metabolites were observed in the parietal-occipital cortex. Lower ACC GABA and Glu remained significant after accounting for lower gray matter content in BD, however, NAA differences were no longer evident. In addition, low ACC GABA levels were associated with greater alcohol use consequences, and worse response inhibition and attention/mental flexibility in BD. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that binge drinking affects frontal lobe neurochemistry, more so in those who had experienced an alcohol-induced blackout. Characterization of the neurochemical profiles associated with binge alcohol consumption and blackout history may help identify unique risk factors for the later manifestation of alcohol abuse and dependence, in young individuals who are heavy, frequent drinkers, but who do not meet the criteria for alcohol abuse disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Silveri
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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