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Matsushita A, Nakatani E, Shibasaki C, Tanabe S, Iwasaki N, Okamura T, Nozaki A, Aoshima S, Takahashi R, Watannabe M, Shimada T. Effectiveness of weight-loss prevention with continual nutrition counseling in postoperative outpatients with stage IA and IB gastric cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292920. [PMID: 37856533 PMCID: PMC10586603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Outpatient nutritional counseling by a registered dietitian is often performed to prevent weight loss, but evidence supporting this practice is insufficient. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effectiveness of four-time outpatient nutritional counseling in weight-loss prevention compared with conventional intervention limited to one-time nutritional counseling. This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. The target population was postoperative patients with stage IA and IB gastric cancer. Groups that received one-time and four-time nutritional counseling included patients who underwent gastrectomy from May 2014 to April 2017 and May 2017 to December 2019, respectively. The one-time group received counseling at discharge; the four-time group received counseling at discharge, at the first outpatient visit, and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. There were 58 patients in the one-time group and 27 patients in the four-time group, with a significant difference in length of hospital stay (p = 0.042). Thirty-six patients (62.1%) in the one-time nutritional counseling group and 12 (44.4%) in the four-time group had a weight loss of 5% or more from hospital discharge to 6 months postoperatively. The adjusted risk ratio for the effectiveness of four counseling sessions compared with one session was 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.35-1.34). In subgroup analysis, the effect of nutritional guidance was greater for patients with body mass index ≥23 kg/m2, but this depended on the outcome and number of cases, and there was no essential difference between the groups. In postoperative patients with stage IA and stage IB gastric cancer, four sessions of outpatient nutrition counseling may be not superior to one counseling session in preventing weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Matsushita
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Nakatani
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan
- Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Chika Shibasaki
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Saaya Tanabe
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nanami Iwasaki
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okamura
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Aya Nozaki
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Saeko Aoshima
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Reiko Takahashi
- Department of Nutrition, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Watannabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Shimada
- Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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Youn SY, Kim BE, Kim EM. Nutrition Intervention in a Gastric Cancer Patient With Gastrectomy for 12 Months: A Case Report. Clin Nutr Res 2023; 12:1-6. [PMID: 36793777 PMCID: PMC9900073 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2023.12.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrectomy is the most effective method of treating gastric cancer, but it is commonly associated with weight loss, nutritional deficiencies, and the increased risk of malnutrition due to post-surgery complications, including gastric stasis, dumping syndrome, malabsorption, and maldigestion. Malnutrition is a risk factor for postoperative complications and poor prognosis. To prevent it and guarantee a quick recovery after surgery, continuous and individualized nutrition intervention should be performed both before surgery and postoperatively. The Department of Dietetics at Samsung Medical Center (SMC) performed nutritional status assessment before gastrectomy, initial nutritional assessment within 24 hours of admission, description of therapeutic diet after surgery, nutrition counselling before discharge, and nutritional status assessment and individual nutrition counselling after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months from surgery. This is a case report of a patient who underwent gastrectomy as well as intensive nutrition intervention in SMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Youn
- Department of Dietetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Bo Eun Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Eun Mee Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
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Yan H, He F, Wei J, Zhang Q, Guo C, Ni J, Yang F, Chen Y. Effects of individualized dietary counseling on nutritional status and quality of life in post-discharge patients after surgery for gastric cancer: A randomized clinical trial. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1058187. [PMID: 36923419 PMCID: PMC10008882 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1058187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, the supporting evidence for dietary counseling is insufficient. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of individualized dietary counseling on nutritional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) in patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer. Methods This study was a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial. The patients after surgery for gastric cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention group and the control group. In the intervention group, patients receive individualized dietary counseling based on individual calorie needs and symptom assessment at 24 h before discharge, 14, 21, 30, and 60 days postoperatively. Patients in the control group received routine dietary counseling. The primary endpoint was body mass index (BMI) loss at 30, 60, and 90 days after surgery; the secondary endpoints were calorie and protein intake at 30 and 60 days after surgery, blood parameters, the 90-day readmission rate, and QOL at 90 days after surgery. Results One hundred thirty patients were enrolled; 67 patients were assigned to the intervention group and 63 patients to the control group. Compared with the control group, patients in the intervention group were significantly less BMI loss at 30 days (-0.84 ± 0.65 vs. -1.29 ± 0.83), 60 days (-1.29 ± 0.92 vs. -1.77 ± 1.13), and 90 days (-1.37 ± 1.05 vs. -1.92 ± 1.66) after surgery (all P< 0.05). Subgroups analysis by surgery type showed that the intervention could significantly reduce BMI loss in patients undergoing total and proximal gastrectomy at 30 days (-0.75 ± 0.47 vs. -1.55 ± 1.10), 60 days (-1.59 ± 1.02 vs. -2.55 ± 1.16), and 90 days (-1.44 ± 1.19 vs. -3.26 ± 1.46) after surgery (all P< 0.05). At 60 days after surgery, calorie goals were reached in 35 patients (77.8%) in the intervention group and 14 patients (40.0%) in the control group (P = 0.001), and protein goals were reached in 40 patients (88.9%) in the intervention group and 17 patients (48.6%) in the control group (P< 0.001). Regarding the QOL at 90 days after surgery, the patients in the intervention group had a significantly lower level of fatigue, shortness of breath and stomach pain, better physical function, and cognitive function (P< 0.05). Conclusions Post-discharge individualized dietary counseling is an effective intervention to reduce post-gastrectomy patient weight loss and to elevate calorie intake, protein intake, and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Yan
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjian Wei
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunguang Guo
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinnv Ni
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyu Yang
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingtai Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Cho JW, Youn J, Kim EM, Choi MG, Lee JE. Associations of patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) and NUTRISCORE with survival in gastric cancer patients: timing matters, a retrospective cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:468. [DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The timing of nutritional assessment may be important to treat cancer patients and predict their prognosis. This study examined whether Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and NUTRISCORE scores were associated with survival among gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery and chemotherapy and whether the timing of the assessment after surgery mattered.
Methods
A total of 952 gastric cancer patients (622 men and 330 women) were included in this retrospective cohort study. The PG-SGA and NUTRISCORE scores were calculated at 1 month (n = 952), 2 months (n = 657), and 3 months (n = 294) after surgery. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
The PG-SGA scores assessed at 1 month after gastrectomy were not associated with survival. However, high PG-SGA scores at 2 months after gastrectomy (median = 65 days) were associated with an increased risk of mortality; the HR (95% CI) was 2.26 (1.22–4.21) for 9–11 vs. ≤ 5 of PG-SGA scores. When we included patients who received all three consecutive consultations, HR (95% CI) was 2.56 (1.02–6.42) for ≥ 9 (malnutrition) vs. ≤ 8 of PG-SGA scores assessed at 3 months after surgery (median days = 98 days). Likewise, high NUTRISCORE scores assessed at the 3-month follow-up were associated with higher mortality; the HR (95% CI) was 3.84 (1.18–12.55) for ≥ 7 vs. ≤ 4 of NUTRISCORE scores.
Conclusion
Malnutrition assessed with the PG-SGA and NUTRISCORE at 2 to 3 months after gastrectomy was associated with poor survival among gastric cancer patients. Our findings suggest that the timing of the nutritional evaluation may be important in identifying and treating malnutrition related to gastric cancer prognosis.
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Wang X, Zeng H, Li L, Fang Z, Xu L, Shi W, Li J, Qian J, Tan X, Li J, Qian Y, Xie L. Personalized nutrition intervention improves nutritional status and quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors in the community: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yeung S, Gill M, Gillis C. Nutrition education: Optimising preparation and recovery for benign oesophageal surgery. J Hum Nutr Diet 2022. [PMID: 35821616 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients requiring upper gastrointestinal surgery for benign oesophageal conditions are at nutrition risk before and after surgery. There is a dearth of published evidence guiding clinicians on effective collaboration with patients to mitigate perioperative nutritional challenges. We conducted a qualitative study aiming to explore patients' perioperative food, nutrition, and educational experiences to guide future care. METHODS Adult patients who had undergone elective, benign oesophageal surgery were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews within 3 weeks of hospital discharge. Interviews were transcribed and analysed with a reflexive form of inductive thematic analysis in addition to synthesised member checking. RESULTS Interviews with 12 patients identified three major themes. First, nutrition education fosters a better surgical recovery experience: patients expressed a desire to be prepared for their upcoming surgery and engage in the recovery process with informed food choices. Most patients preferred preoperative education given limited capacity for learning during hospital admission. Second, patients have priorities for nutrition information: patients expressed that educational material should be printed, comprehensive, practical, include familiar foods and focus on managing postoperative physical symptoms. Third, food impacts social and emotional experiences of surgery: resumption of a normal diet was a sign of recovery that enabled social reintegration. Identified themes resonated with Knowles' six-core principles of andragogy. CONCLUSIONS Patients with benign oesophageal conditions perceived nutrition education to be a vital aspect of surgical preparation and recovery. Re-designing perioperative education with patient input has the potential to improve outcomes and experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Yeung
- Nutrition Services, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marlyn Gill
- Patient and Community Engagement Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Chelsia Gillis
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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7
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Satisfaction with permanent changes after cancer surgery: From personal satisfaction of gastric cancer survivors with post-gastrectomy weight loss. Asian J Surg 2022; 45:2706-2712. [PMID: 35367097 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the personal satisfaction of gastric cancer survivors with post-gastrectomy weight loss. The responses were analyzed in relation to the actual weight status based on two general criteria-preoperative weight and the World Health Organization (WHO) weight classification-as part of an attempt to identify patterns of satisfaction with weight loss. METHODS Survivors with significant postoperative weight loss (≥8%) were identified among 1- and 5-year survivors, and were divided into obese/non-obese weight losers (WLs) based on the WHO definition of obesity. For comparison, those with minimal weight change (not exceeding ± 3%) at each time period were identified (non-WLs).The EORTC QLQ-C30 and -STO22 questionnaires were used to monitor quality of life (QoL). Responses to an item in the EORTC QLQ-STO22, inquiring about personal concerns with weight loss, were used to assess personal satisfaction with weight changes. RESULTS Except for the QoL disadvantages of non-obese WLs in anxiety (P = 0.011) of 1-year survivors and in emotional functioning (P = 0.039) of 5-year survivors, there was no significant difference in QoL changes between groups. Regarding personal satisfaction with decreased body weight, non-obese WLs continued to show dissatisfaction (P < 0.001) unlike obese WLs, who enjoyed satisfaction comparable to non-WLs long after surgery. CONCLUSION Compared with non-obese WLs who expressed dissatisfaction with current weight, obese WLs were satisfied with their current weight several years after surgery. Patient satisfaction with surgical changes may depend on the availability of reasonable grounds that suggest a positive interpretation of surgically altered status.
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Nakazono M, Aoyama T, Hayashi T, Hara K, Segami K, Shimoda Y, Nagasawa S, Kumazu Y, Yamada T, Tamagawa H, Shiozawa M, Morinaga S, Rino Y, Masuda M, Ogata T, Oshima T. Comparison of the Dietary Intake Loss Between Total and Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer. In Vivo 2021; 35:2369-2377. [PMID: 34182520 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The changes of dietary intake (DI) after gastrectomy have not been objectively reported. It has not been clear how much DI loss is experienced after total gastrectomy (TG) in comparison to after distal gastrectomy (DG). This study quantified the changes of DI after gastrectomy, and clarified how much DI loss is experienced after TG. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a prospective observational study. Patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer were enrolled. The DI loss was evaluated at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS Thirty-three patients underwent TG, and 117 patients underwent DG. The median %DI loss of the overall study population at 1 and 3 months after surgery was -9.3% and -3.6%. The median %DI loss at 1 and 3 months postoperatively was -15.6% and -5.3% in TG group, -8.9% and -3.3% in DG group (p=0.10 and 0.49, respectively). CONCLUSION The patients experienced DI loss of approximately 10% at 1 month after gastrectomy. Patients who received TG tended to show a greater %DI loss at 1 month postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakazono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; .,Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hayashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hara
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenki Segami
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yota Shimoda
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nagasawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuta Kumazu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamagawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Morinaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
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Qin N, Jiang G, Zhang X, Sun D, Liu M. The Effect of Nutrition Intervention With Oral Nutritional Supplements on Ovarian Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Front Nutr 2021; 8:685967. [PMID: 34249995 PMCID: PMC8267173 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.685967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer is the third most common gynecological malignancy in the world and it is under a higher incidence of malnutrition. Chemotherapy is currently a common treatment for ovarian cancer, but the resulting side effects can exacerbate malnutrition. Our aim was to investigate the beneficial effects of oral nutrition supplements (ONS) on ovarian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Patients with ovarian cancer receiving chemotherapy were randomly assigned either to the ONS or non-ONS groups via a simple randomization. The ONS group was given 250 mL ONS each time (1.06 kcal, 0.0356 g of protein per mL), three times a day, and nutrition education. Control group received nutrition education alone. The primary outcome was the nutritional risk of the patients as assessed by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The secondary outcome was the results of the participants' biochemical tests at each measurement time point. Data were collected (T0) at baseline, (T1) post intervention at 3 weeks, (T2) 9-week follow-up, (T3) 15-week follow-up. Generalized estimating equation models were used to compare the changes in outcomes over time between groups. Results: 60 participants (30 ONS, 30 controls) completed the trial, and data was analyzed. For baseline comparisons, no significant differences were found between the two groups. A progressive trend toward amelioration in PG-SGA scores over time was found within the ONS group, with scores decreasing from 9.27 ± 1.68 at baseline (T0) to 5.87 ± 2.06 after the intervention (T3). Furthermore, ONS group achieved a significantly greater reduction in PG-SGA score at the T1 (p = 0.03, confidence interval −2.23 to −0.11), T2 (p = 0.001, confidence interval −2.86 to −0.74) and T3 (p < 0.001, confidence interval −3.81 to −1.53), than the control group. In terms of biochemical test results, patients in the ONS group had better leukocytes, lymphocytes, Hemoglobin, Albumin and Total Protein than the control group at different time points, with statistical differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that ONS can significantly reduce the nutritional risk of patients undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. In addition, we also found that nutritional education seems to have a positive effect on reducing the nutritional risk of patients especially at the beginning of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Guichun Jiang
- Department of Nursing, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Nursing, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Meishuo Liu
- School of Nursing, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ryu KW, Bae JM, Kim EM, An JY, Choi MG, Lee JH, Sohn TS. Long-term effect of simplified dietary education on the nutritional status of patients after a gastrectomy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252168. [PMID: 34019591 PMCID: PMC8139461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary education is regarded as an important and useful tool for influencing nutritional status. Since long, dietary education has been performed to improve the nutritional status of patients after a gastrectomy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of simplified dietary education on the nutritional status of patients after a gastrectomy. A total of 1,150 patients with gastric cancer underwent surgery between March 2014 and October 2015 at the Samsung Medical Center (SMC). Of these, we used the case-control matching method (1:1 match) by stratifying the factors of age and sex and included 100 patients in each group. The clinicopathologic data of the patients for two years after the gastrectomy were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. The educated group (ED, N = 100) was provided with a simplified, ordinary dietary education at regular outpatient clinic visits that occurred at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after gastrectomy and at 1-year intervals thereafter. The clinicopathologic characteristics and nutritional parameters of the educated group (ED) (N = 100) and the non-educated group (NED) (n = 100) were compared. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of clinical characteristics and serological parameters. Nutritional parameters, which included body weight loss, body mass index (BMI) change, and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), were also not significantly different between the two groups. Simplified dietary education at regular outpatient clinic visits was ineffective in reducing weight loss after a subtotal gastrectomy. Further research or other methods may be needed to reduce weight loss after a gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Won Ryu
- Department of Dietetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Moon Bae
- Division of Upper GI, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Eun-Mee Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeong An
- Division of Upper GI, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gew Choi
- Division of Upper GI, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Division of Upper GI, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Sohn
- Division of Upper GI, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xu YC, Vincent JI. Clinical measurement properties of malnutrition assessment tools for use with patients in hospitals: a systematic review. Nutr J 2020; 19:106. [PMID: 32957989 PMCID: PMC7507822 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of malnutrition outcome measures (OM) by registered dietitians (RD) with inpatients in hospitals has increased promoting the achievement of nutritional care goals and supporting decision-making for the allocation of nutritional care resources in hospitals. There are 3 commonly used OMs: Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The purpose of this current study was to systematically review the evidence of the clinical measurement properties of malnutrition assessment tools for use with patients admitted in hospitals. Methods MEDLINE, Cinahl, EMBASE, and PubMed were searched for articles published between 2000 and 2019. Research articles were selected if they established reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change properties of the SGA, PG-SGA and MNA tools, were written in English, and used any of these OMs as an outcome measure. Abstracts were not considered. The risk of bias within studies was assessed using the Quality Appraisal for Clinical Measurement Study (QA-CMS). Results Five hundred five studies were identified, of which 34 articles were included in the final review: SGA (n = 8), PG-SGA (n = 13), and MNA (n = 13). Of the 34 studies, 8 had a quality score greater than 75%; 23 had a quality score of 40–75% and 3 studies had a quality score of less than 40%. PG-SGA was found to have excellentdiagnostic accuracy (ROC: 0.92–0.975; Sensitivity: 88.6–98%; Specificity: 82–100%), sufficient internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.722–0.73), and strong test-retest reliability (r = 0.866). There was insufficient evidence to suggest adequate diagnostic accuracy and good inter-rater reliability for SGA. Only one study examined the minimum detectable change of MNA (MDC = 2.1). Conclusions The evidence of validity for the existing malnutrition assessment tools supports the use of these tools, but more studies with sound methodological quality are needed to assess the responsiveness of these OMs to detect the change in nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Camille Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada. .,Clinical Dietitian at Bruyere Continuing Care, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Joshua I Vincent
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
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Kwon OK, Yu B, Park KB, Park JY, Lee SS, Chung HY. Advantages of Distal Subtotal Gastrectomy over Total Gastrectomy in the Quality of Life of Long-Term Gastric Cancer Survivors. J Gastric Cancer 2020; 20:176-189. [PMID: 32596001 PMCID: PMC7311217 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2020.20.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated differences and shifting patterns in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of 5-year gastric cancer survivors after either a distal subtotal gastrectomy (DSG) or total gastrectomy (TG). Materials and Methods We analyzed the prospectively collected HRQoL data of 528 patients who survived 5 years without recurrence using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality of Life Questionnaire and the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-Stomach module according to the type of surgery. The purpose was to identify the proportion of patients with deteriorating HRQoL and to assess the clinical significance of these changes. Results Deteriorating HRQoL was prevalent in both groups, including a large proportion of the DSG group. Decreased overall health status and scores on several function scales were less in the DSG group, while increases on the symptom scales were higher in the TG group. For most of the scales, gaps in HRQoL during the early postoperative period did not merge within the 5 years. Scores on the diarrhea and body image scales revealed "moderate changes" in both groups. Conclusions During the 5-year period after surgery, the TG group suffered from inferior HRQoL compared to the DSG group. However, a large proportion of the DSG group also suffered HRQoL deterioration. In general, the TG group experienced more HRQoL decline, with diarrhea and body image being the major concerns for both groups. To improve HRQoL after gastrectomy, patients must be better informed about post-gastrectomy symptoms. These symptoms must be vigorously investigated, and medical interventions should be available parallel to nutritional support. Favorable evidence of function-preserving gastrectomy should be established and disseminated to improve the HRQoL of early gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Kyoung Kwon
- Gastric Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byunghyuk Yu
- Gastric Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki Bum Park
- Gastric Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Park
- Gastric Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ho Young Chung
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Kim JM, Hong SG, Song BS, Sohn HJ, Baik H, Sung MK. Efficacy of Cereal-based Oral Nutrition Supplement on Nutritional Status, Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Under Cancer Therapy. J Cancer Prev 2020; 25:55-63. [PMID: 32266180 PMCID: PMC7113415 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2020.25.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid increase in cancer incidence accompanied by aging population requires evidence-based supportive cancer care practices. Cancer therapies often accompany adverse events which induce malnutrition and declined quality of life. We conducted an 8-week non-randomized clinical trial to evaluate efficacy of cereal-based oral nutritional supplement (ONS) intervention on nutritional status, quality of life and inflammatory responses in cancer patients undergoing cancer therapy with 5% < weight loss. The study included 34 pateints (24 in control group, 10 in intervention group) with 15 drop-outs. ONS used in this intervention contained 0.5% arabinoxylan-rich fermented rice bran powder and 5.5% black rice powder as active ingredients in a regular cereal-based formula. Results showed that ONS intervention for 8 weeks did not show significant improvement in blood biomarkers of nutritional status or patient-generated subjective global assessment scores. However, 8-week of intervention showed reduced interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β secretion in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells while IL-12p70 level was increased. For health-related quality of life (HRQoL) indices, emotional functioning and fatigue symptoms were improved after 4 weeks only in the intervention group although no difference was found at week 8. These results suggest that ONS intervention may improve chronic inflammatory status and HRQoL indices (at week 4) in cancer patients receiving treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Min Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | | | - Hee-Jung Sohn
- Departments of Hemato-Oncology, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyunwook Baik
- Departments of Clinical Nutrition Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Hashizume N, Tanaka Y, Fukahori S, Ishii S, Saikusa N, Koga Y, Higashidate N, Masui D, Sakamoto S, Yagi M. Adherences to oral nutritional supplementation among hospital outpatients: An online cross-sectional survey in Japan. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222972. [PMID: 31557201 PMCID: PMC6762170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are multi-nutrient products used to increase the energy and nutrient intakes of patients. The aim of this study was to examine whether or not the adherence of patients varies according to their receiving prescription or over-the-counter ONS. Data were obtained from an online cross-sectional survey conducted with patients in Japan. A total of 107 patients who matched the inclusion criteria for the prescription ONS group and 148 who matched the criteria for the over-the-counter ONS group were further analyzed. In the prescription and over-the-counter ONS groups, the main medical reason for ONS consumption were “malnutrition” (48 patients [44.9%] vs. 63 patients [42.6%] p = 0.798], “frailty” (29 patients [27.1%] vs. 36 patients [24.3%] p = 0.663) and “aging” (25 patients [23.4%] vs. 30 patients [20.3%] p = 0.644). The proportion of “No particular disease” for prescription ONS consumption was significantly lower than that for over-the-counter ONS (6 patients [5.6%] vs. 24 patients [16.2%] p = 0.001). The body mass index of the prescription ONS group was significantly higher than that of the over-the-counter ONS group (21.1±4.38 kg/m2 vs. 19.9±3.75 kg/m2, p = 0.0161). In the prescription ONS group, all patients were given medical advice by doctors or registered dietitians. In contrast, in the over-the-counter ONS group, only 46 patients (31.1%) were given advice by doctors or registered dietitians (p<0.001). In the prescription ONS group, ONS was taken significantly more times and for a longer duration than in the over-the-counter ONS group (p<0.0001). However, among patients given advice by doctors or registered dietitians, there were no significant differences between the groups. Greater support by the medical team is still needed in order to maximize adherence to supplementation, especially concerning the calories, timing and period, so that benefits can be achieved and sustained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hashizume
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
- Division of Medical Safety Management, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukahori
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shinji Ishii
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Saikusa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yoshinori Koga
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Naruki Higashidate
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Daisuke Masui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Saki Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
| | - Minoru Yagi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka Japan
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Reckman GAR, Gomes-Neto AW, Vonk RJ, Ottery FD, van der Schans CP, Navis GJ, Jager-Wittenaar H. Anabolic competence: Assessment and integration of the multimodality interventional approach in disease-related malnutrition. Nutrition 2019; 65:179-184. [PMID: 31170682 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a frequent clinical problem, characterized by loss of lean body mass and decreased function, including muscle function and immunocompetence. In DRM, nutritional intervention is necessary, but it has not consistently been shown to be sufficient. Other factors, for example, physical activity and hormonal or metabolic influencers of the internal milieu, are also important in the treatment of DRM. A prerequisite for successful treatment of DRM is the positive balance between anabolism and catabolism. The aim of this review was to approach DRM using this paradigm of anabolic competence, for conceptual and practical reasons. Anabolic competence is defined as "that state which optimally supports protein synthesis and lean body mass, global aspects of muscle and organ function, and immune response." Anabolic competence and interdisciplinary, multimodality interventions create a practical foundation to approach DRM in a proactive comprehensive way. Here, we describe the paradigm of anabolic competence, and its operationalization by measuring factors related to anabolic competence and suited for clinical management of patients with DRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A R Reckman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A W Gomes-Neto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R J Vonk
- Department Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - F D Ottery
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands; Ottery & Associates, LLC, Oncology Care Consultants, Deerfield, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - C P van der Schans
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands; Rehabilitation and Health Psychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G J Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Jager-Wittenaar
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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16
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Wu M, Lian XJ, Jia JM, Cao WT, Yan N, Xin YM, Liu ZR, Li HY, Fan ZF, Sun P. The role of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and biochemical markers in predicting anemia patients with cancer. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:1443-1448. [PMID: 30206725 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The causes of anemia and the common side effects of cancer are multifactorial. Malnutrition is one of the alleged components of the aforementioned complications. This study planned to investigate the relationship among biochemical markers, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), and anemia in cancer patients. METHODS This analysis consisted of 234 patients who were enlisted in the Department of Oncology of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between December 2016 and October 2017. The groups were divided into anemic and non-anemic patients. The gathered data primarily discussed the patients' basic information, specifically the age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, and nutritional status based on levels of serum biochemical markers and PG-SGA scores. RESULTS Among the participants, 31.2% of the cancer patients were diagnosed with anemia whereas, according to the scores of PG.SGA, 65.0% of patients experienced malnourishment. The anemia was significantly associated with biochemical markers, expecting a transferrin in univariable analyses. Binary logistic regression analysis between anemic cancer patients and non-anemic cancer patients suggested that high PG-SGA score (odds ratio 1.082; 95% CI 1.027-1.141) implied the risk factor for anemia, and high PG-SGA scores could potentially increase the risk of anemia. The multiple regression analysis showed that hemoglobin concentration (OR 0.575; 95% CI 0.450-0.736) and PG-SGA score (OR 1.231; 95% CI 1.013-1.496) were linked to anemia. However, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, serum iron, transferrin, and transferrin saturation lacked a strong relationship with anemia. CONCLUSION Anemia prevailed in cancer patients, as nutritionally assessed by PG-SGA, while hemoglobin established a linkage with anemia as they could provide extra predictive information about anemia in patients diagnosed with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjiannanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Lian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjiannanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jun-Mei Jia
- Department of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wen-Ting Cao
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Na Yan
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yan-Mei Xin
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Liu
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hua-Yan Li
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Fan
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Nutrition, the First Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefangnanlu Street, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Jager-Wittenaar H, Ottery FD. Assessing nutritional status in cancer: role of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:322-329. [PMID: 28562490 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is used internationally as the reference method for proactive risk assessment (screening), assessment, monitoring and triaging for interventions in patients with cancer. This review aims to explain the rationale behind and data supporting the PG-SGA, and to provide an overview of recent developments in the utilization of the PG-SGA and the PG-SGA Short Form. RECENT FINDINGS The PG-SGA was designed in the context of a paradigm known as 'anabolic competence'. Uniquely, the PG-SGA evaluates the patient's status as a dynamic rather than static process. The PG-SGA has received new attention, particularly as a screening instrument for nutritional risk or deficit, identifying treatable impediments and guiding patients and professionals in triaging for interdisciplinary interventions. The international use of the PG-SGA indicates a critical need for high-quality and linguistically validated translations of the PG-SGA. SUMMARY As a 4-in-1 instrument, the PG-SGA can streamline clinic work flow and improve the quality of interaction between the clinician and the patient. The availability of multiple high-quality language versions of the PG-SGA enables the inclusion of the PG-SGA in international multicenter studies, facilitating meta-analysis and benchmarking across countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriët Jager-Wittenaar
- aResearch Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Healthcare and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences bDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands cOttery & Associates LLC, Oncology Care Consultants, Greater Chicago Area, Greater Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Multi-institutional prospective feasibility study to explore tolerability and efficacy of oral nutritional supplements for patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy (CCOG1301). Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:718-727. [PMID: 27885538 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-016-0668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative malnutrition after gastrectomy is deemed inevitable, which could have prejudicial influence on survival for gastric cancer patients. A prospective feasibility study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative oral nutritional supplements. METHODS Stage I-III gastric cancer patients who underwent distal or total gastrectomy received oral administration of Racol® NF (Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Japan), a liquid enteral nutritional formula, as a supplement to regular meals. Racol® NF administration at a recommended dosage of 400 kcal/400 ml per day was started within 7 days postoperatively and was continued for 3 months postoperatively. The primary end point was ratio of the weight loss at 3 months postoperatively to the preoperative body weight (body weight loss ratio). Secondary end points were the adherence to Racol® NF therapy and changes in body composition. RESULTS One hundred eighteen patients were registered before surgery, 82 of whom were eligible for efficacy analyses. The average rate of body weight loss after 3 months postoperatively was 8.3%. The mean daily intake of Racol® NF was 211 ml. There was a significant correlation between adherence to Racol® NF therapy and body weight loss ratio (P < 0.001). Adherence to Racol® NF therapy was the only factor that correlated with the body weight loss ratio among all clinical characteristics by the multiple linear regression analysis (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Oral nutritional supplementation with Racol® NF led to a significant reduction in body weight loss for gastrectomized patients who tolerated more than 200 ml of the nutrient per day compared with those who could not tolerate this amount.
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Results of a nationwide questionnaire-based survey on nutrition management following gastric cancer resection in Japan. Surg Today 2017; 47:1460-1468. [PMID: 28600636 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-017-1552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A study was conducted to clarify the actual status of nutrition management after gastric cancer surgery in Japan and obtain basic data for optimizing perioperative nutrition management. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to 354 hospitals with at least 50 cases of gastric cancer surgery per year. Questions included the perioperative nutrition management and length of hospital stay for patients who underwent gastric cancer surgery within three months of the survey. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 242 hospitals (68%; 20,858 patients). Nutrition management was consistent between laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery for 84% of respondents. The number of postoperative days was the most commonly chosen index for starting oral feeding. The most commonly chosen index for hospital dischargeability was diet composition/amount consumed in 182 hospitals (44%), followed by laboratory data stabilization in 106 hospitals (26%), and the number of postoperative days in 87 hospitals (21%). A positive correlation was found between the mean length of postoperative hospital stay and starting oral feeding (r = 0.23 for distal gastrectomy; r = 0.34 for total gastrectomy). The length of hospital stay tended to be shorter with an earlier start of oral feeding (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Early postoperative oral feeding may be a factor in reducing the length of hospital stay after gastric cancer surgery.
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Andersson J, Hulander E, Rothenberg E, Iversen P. Effect on Body Weight, Quality of Life and Appetite Following Individualized, Nutritional Counselling to Home-Living Elderly after Rehabilitation - An Open Randomized Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:811-818. [PMID: 28717811 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined if individually-adapted nutritional counselling could prevent > 5% weight loss among elderly patients 3 months after discharge from a rehabilitation institution. In addition we assessed quality of life (QoL) and appetite. DESIGN An open, randomized trial. SETTING Godthaab Health and Rehabilitation Institution in Bærum, Norway. PARTICIPANTS Patients identified as being undernourished or at risk of disease-related malnutrition using the Nutritional Risk Screening tool NRS-2002. INTERVENTION Shortly before discharge, patients in the intervention group received an individually-tailored nutrition plan. During the subsequent 3 months these patients were contacted 3 times via telephone calls and they received one visit at their homes, for nutrition counselling. Focus on this counselling was on optimizing meal environment, improving appetite, increasing food intake, advice on food preparation, and motivation and support. MEASUREMENTS In addition to weight, QoL and appetite were assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire and a modified version of the Disease-Related Appetite Questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS Among 115 considered eligible for the study, 100 were enrolled (72 women and 28 men), with a mean age of 75 years and a mean body mass index of 20 kg/m2. Two in the intervention group (n = 52) and 5 in the control group (n = 48) lost > 5% of their body weight, giving an odds ratio of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.064 - 1.86; p = 0.22). We did not detect any significant differences in the QoL- or appetite scores between the two study groups after three months. CONCLUSION An individually-adapted nutritional counselling did not improve body mass among elderly patients 3 months after discharge from a rehabilitation institution. Neither quality of life nor appetite measures were improved. Possibly, nutritional counselling should be accompanied with nutritional supplementation to be effective in this vulnerable group of elderly. The trial is registered in Clinical Trials (ID: NCT01632072).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Andersson
- PO Iversen, Department of Nutrition, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway. Phone: + 47 22 85 13 91; fax: + 47 22 85 13 41; e-mail:
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