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Ali GF, Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR. Molecular mechanisms underlying methotrexate-induced intestinal injury and protective strategies. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03164-x. [PMID: 38822868 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid reductase inhibitor that manages various malignancies as well as immune-mediated inflammatory chronic diseases. Despite being frequently prescribed, MTX's severe multiple toxicities can occasionally limit its therapeutic potential. Intestinal toxicity is a severe adverse effect associated with the administration of MTX, and patients are significantly burdened by MTX-provoked intestinal mucositis. However, the mechanism of such intestinal toxicity is not entirely understood, mechanistic studies demonstrated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions as key factors that lead to the development of MTX-induced intestinal injury. Besides, MTX causes intestinal cells to express pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which activate nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). This is followed by the activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of the transcription3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway. Moreover, because of its dual anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) has been considered a critical signaling pathway that counteracts oxidative stress in MTX-induced intestinal injury. Several agents have potential protective effects in counteracting MTX-provoked intestinal injury such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, taurine, umbelliferone, vinpocetine, perindopril, rutin, hesperidin, lycopene, quercetin, apocynin, lactobacillus, berberine, zinc, and nifuroxazide. This review aims to summarize the potential redox molecular mechanisms of MTX-induced intestinal injury and how they can be alleviated. In conclusion, studying these molecular pathways might open the way for early alleviation of the intestinal damage and the development of various agent plans to attenuate MTX-mediated intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber F Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut Branch, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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El-Agawy MSED, Badawy AMM, Rabei MR, Elshaer MMA, El Nashar EM, Alghamdi MA, Alshehri MA, Elsayed HRH. Methotrexate-Induced Alteration of Renal Aquaporins 1 and 2, Oxidative Stress and Tubular Apoptosis Can Be Attenuated by Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12794. [PMID: 36361584 PMCID: PMC9653681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a potent anti-cancer drug, commonly associated with nephrotoxicity via the induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis with alteration of renal water channel proteins, namely aquaporins (AQPs). Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) have shown cytoprotective effects through their anti-oxidant and antiapoptotic activities. The present study aims for the first time to explore the role of LC-PUFA against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were divided into the following groups: saline control, LC-PUFA control, MTX, MTX + LC-PUFA (150 mg/kg), or MTX + LC-PUFA (300 mg/kg). Then, H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining for the anti-apoptosis marker B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), the apoptosis marker BCL2-Associated X Protein (BAX), the proinflammatory marker Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), AQPs 1 and 2 were performed in kidney sections with an assessment of renal oxidative stress. The MTX caused a renal histopathological alteration, upregulated renal BAX and NF-kB, downregulated Bcl-2 and AQP1, altered the distribution of AQP2, and caused oxidative stress. The LC-PUFA attenuated the pathological changes and decreased renal BAX and NF-kB, increased BCL-2 and AQP1, restored the normal distribution of AQP2, and decreased the oxidative stress. Therefore, LC-PUFA is a good adjuvant to MTX to prevent its adverse effects on kidneys through its antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect and its role in the restoration of the expression of AQPs 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaab Salah El-din El-Agawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura 35712, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed R. Rabei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelraheem Elshaer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamad El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Mansour A. Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alshehri
- Nephrology Section, Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Reda Hassan Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura 35712, Egypt
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Kübler IC, Kretzschmar J, Brankatschk M, Sandoval-Guzmán T. Local problems need global solutions - the metabolic needs of regenerating organisms. Wound Repair Regen 2022; 30:652-664. [PMID: 35596643 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of species that belong to the plant or animal kingdom evolved with two main strategies to counter tissue damage - scar formation and regeneration. Whereas scar formation provides a fast and cost-effective repair to exit life-threatening conditions, complete tissue regeneration is time-consuming and requires vast resources to reinstall functionality of affected organs or structures. Local environments in wound healing are widely studied and findings have provided important biomedical applications. Less well understood are organismic physiological parameters and signaling circuits essential to maintain effective tissue repair. Here, we review accumulated evidence that positions the interplay of local and systemic changes in metabolism as essential variables modulating the injury response. We particularly emphasize the role of lipids and lipid-like molecules as significant components long overlooked. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines C Kübler
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Jenny Kretzschmar
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marko Brankatschk
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Tatiana Sandoval-Guzmán
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Center for Healthy Aging, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, at University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
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Asari MA, Sirajudeen K, Mohd Yusof NA, Mohd Amin MSI. DHA-rich fish oil and Tualang honey reduce chronic stress-induced oxidative damage in the brain of rat model. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 12:361-366. [PMID: 35747355 PMCID: PMC9209864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to chronic stress induces oxidative damage which alters the dynamic balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities in the brain. Tualang honey (TH) is a Malaysian wild multifloral honey which has been shown to contain high amount antioxidants. DHA-rich fish oil is a form of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish which also possesses some antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate anti-stress activity of DHA-rich fish oil, TH and their combination on several parameters of oxidative stress in chronic stress rat model. Methods Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into (i) control, (ii) stress-exposed, (iii) stress-exposed and treated with TH (1 g/kg body weight twice daily), (iv) stress-exposed and treated with DHA-rich fish oil (450 mg/kg body weight twice daily), and (v) stress-exposed and treated with a combination of TH and DHA-rich fish oil. The chronic stress regimen consisted of a combination of restraint stress and a swim stress test for 28 days. Results DHA-rich fish oil and TH significantly (p < 0.05) supressed stress-induced elevation of serum corticosterone and lipid peroxidation, and caused a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity. For glutathione status, only TH significantly reduced stress-induced elevation of oxidised glutathione (GSSG) and normalised GSH/GSSG ratio. Conclusion: Both DHA-rich fish oil and TH have protective effects against brain oxidative stress but consuming these substances together does not seem to provide an additional benefit compared to consuming them separately. Investigated the effect of honey, DHA and their combination in single experimental setting. Tualang honey and DHA-rich fish oil can attenuate brain oxidative stress in chronic stress rat model. Combination of Tualang honey and DHA -rich fish oil is not superior than consuming these substances separately.
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Herrera Vielma F, Valenzuela R, Videla LA, Zúñiga-Hernández J. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Lipid Mediators as A Potential Immune-Nutritional Intervention: A Molecular and Clinical View in Hepatic Disease and Other Non-Communicable Illnesses. Nutrients 2021; 13:3384. [PMID: 34684386 PMCID: PMC8539469 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the beneficial effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) intake on human health has been widely accepted in the field of immunonutrition. Today, we find a diversity of supplements based on n-3 PUFAs and/or minerals, vitamins and other substances. The main objective of this review is to discuss the importance of n-3 PUFAs and their derivatives on immunity and inflammatory status related to liver disease and other non-communicable illnesses. Based on the burden of liver diseases in 2019, more than two million people die from liver pathologies per year worldwide, because it is the organ most exposed to agents such as viruses, toxins and medications. Consequently, research conducted on n-3 PUFAs for liver disease has been gaining prominence with encouraging results, given that these fatty acids have anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. In addition, it has been described that n-3 PUFAs are converted into a novel species of lipid intermediaries, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). At specific levels, SPMs improve the termination of inflammation as well as the repairing and regeneration of tissues, but they are deregulated in liver disease. Since evidence is still insufficient to carry out pharmacological trials to benefit the resolution of acute inflammation in non-communicable diseases, there remains a call for continuing preclinical and clinical research to better understand SPM actions and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Herrera Vielma
- Department of Biomedical Basic Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Luis A. Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Department of Biomedical Basic Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
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Moss JWE, Williams JO, Al-Ahmadi W, O'Morain V, Chan YH, Hughes TR, Menendez-Gonzalez JB, Almotiri A, Plummer SF, Rodrigues NP, Michael DR, Ramji DP. Protective effects of a unique combination of nutritionally active ingredients on risk factors and gene expression associated with atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet. Food Funct 2021; 12:3657-3671. [PMID: 33900312 PMCID: PMC8359826 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02867c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature and the underlying cause of cardiovascular disease, is responsible for one in three global deaths. Consumption of active food ingredients such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavanols and phytosterols has many beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. However, their combined actions on the risk factors for atherosclerosis remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that a formulation containing each of these active components at physiologically relevant doses modulated several monocyte/macrophage processes associated with atherosclerosis in vitro, including inhibition of cytokine-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression, chemokine-driven monocyte migration, expression of M1 phenotype markers, and promotion of cholesterol efflux. The objectives of the present study were to investigate whether the protective actions of the formulation extended in vivo and to delineate the potential underlying mechanisms. The formulation produced several favourable changes, including higher plasma levels of HDL and reduced levels of macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the bone marrow. The mRNA expression of liver-X-receptor-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and superoxide dismutase-1 was induced in the liver and that of interferon-γ and the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 decreased, thereby suggesting the potential mechanisms for many beneficial effects. Other changes were also observed such as increased plasma levels of triglycerides and lipid peroxidation that may reflect potential activation of brown fat. This study provides new insights into the protective actions and the potential underlying mechanisms of the formulation in vivo, particularly in relation to risk factors together with changes in systemic inflammation and hepatic lipid alterations associated with atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome, and supports further assessments in human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe W E Moss
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Jessica O Williams
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Wijdan Al-Ahmadi
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Victoria O'Morain
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Yee-Hung Chan
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Timothy R Hughes
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Juan B Menendez-Gonzalez
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Alhomidi Almotiri
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Sue F Plummer
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Neil P Rodrigues
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Daryn R Michael
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Dipak P Ramji
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
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Céspedes N, Tamayo A, Rodriguez MJ, Zúñiga-Hernández J. EPA plus DHA improves survival related to a decrease of injury after extended liver ischemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. Ann Hepatol 2021; 19:172-178. [PMID: 31711915 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The omega-3 fatty acids (ω3), EPA and DHA, have been described for their beneficial effects on metabolism and inflammation. In addition, they are interesting tools in the treatment of acute liver disease. This investigation was conducted to assess the effect of EPA+DHA administration before partial ischemia (IR) on survival and liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were supplemented for 7 days with ω3 [EPA (270mg/kg) and DHA (180mg/kg)]; controls received saline solution. After EPA+DHA supplementation, liver IR was induced by temporarily occluding the blood supply for 1h, followed up by 48h of reperfusion. Control animals were subjected to sham laparotomy. RESULTS Previous to IR, the EPA+DHA administration improved the rate and prolonged the survival time by decreasing the AST and ALT levels and improving liver degenerative changes generated by the IR, which decreased TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, IL-10 increased at 20h with a tendency to normalize at 48h. The IR group had no differences in the IL-10 levels compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS The ω3 supplementation could prevent and promote the restoration of the liver tissue and significantly improve the survival rate in rats at 48h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Céspedes
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile
| | - Andrea Tamayo
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile
| | - Maria Jose Rodriguez
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile; Doctorate Program in Research and Development of Bioactive Products, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile.
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Omega-3 fatty acid supplement use and oxidative stress levels in pregnancy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240244. [PMID: 33095772 PMCID: PMC7584173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a biological imbalance in reactive oxygen species and antioxidants. Increased oxidative stress during pregnancy has been associated with adverse birth outcomes. Omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplementation may decrease oxidative stress; however, this relationship is seldom examined during pregnancy. This study assessed the association between n-3 FA supplement use during pregnancy and urinary oxidative stress biomarker concentrations. Data came from The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES), a prospective cohort study that recruited pregnant women in 4 US cities between 2010-2012. Third trimester n-3 FA intake was self-reported. Third trimester urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) was measured as an oxidative stress biomarker. Additionally, we measured the major metabolite of 8-iso-PGF2α and Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and utilized the 8-iso-PGF2α to PGF2α ratio to calculate the change in 8-iso-PGF2α reflecting oxidative stress versus inflammation. Adjusted linear models were used to determine associations with control for confounding. Of 725 women, 165 reported n-3 FA supplement use in the third trimester. In adjusted linear models, n-3 FA use was associated with 10.2% lower levels of 8-iso-PGF2α (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -19.6, 0.25) and 10.3% lower levels of the metabolite (95% CI: -17.1, -2.91). No associations were observed with PGF2α. The lower levels of 8-iso-PGF2α appeared to reflect a decrease in oxidative stress (percent change with supplement use: -18.7, 95% CI: -30.1, -5.32) rather than inflammation. Overall, third trimester n-3 FA intake was associated with lower concentrations of 8-iso-PGF2α and its metabolite, suggesting a decrease in maternal oxidative stress during pregnancy.
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Mariqueo TA, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Omega-3 derivatives, specialized pro-resolving mediators: Promising therapeutic tools for the treatment of pain in chronic liver disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 158:102095. [PMID: 32450460 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The main causes of liver injury are associated with inflammation and permanent damage. They can cause chronic liver disease (CLD), which is mainly related to viral hepatitis, alcohol consumption and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These conditions prevent the liver from working normally and make it begin to fail, which in turn may prompt a liver transplant. CLD and cirrhosis are the eleventh cause of death worldwide. At present, there are no approved pharmacological treatments to prevent, treat or resolve liver fibrosis. The prevalence of pain in the hepatic disease is elevated with ranges between 30% and 40%. Most of the pain drugs require hepatic function; therefore, the suitable control of pain is still a clinical challenge. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM): lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins, are potent endogenous molecules (nM concentrations) that modulate inflammatory body responses by reducing neutrophil infiltration, macrophage activity and pain sensitization. SPM have anti-inflammatory properties, stimulate tissue resolution, repair and regeneration, and exhibit anti-nociceptive actions. Furthermore, SPM were tried on different cellular, animal models and human observational data of liver injury, improving the pathogenesis of inflammation and fibrosis. In the present work, we will describe recent evidence that suggests that SPM can be used as a therapeutic option for CLD. Additionally, we will examine the role of SPM in the control of pain in pathologies associated with liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Mariqueo
- Centro de Investigaciones Medicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - J Zúñiga-Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Medicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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Fotschki B, Opyd P, Juśkiewicz J, Wiczkowski W, Jurgoński A. Comparative Effects of Dietary Hemp and Poppy Seed Oil on Lipid Metabolism and the Antioxidant Status in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122921. [PMID: 32630455 PMCID: PMC7356234 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of the dietary inclusion of hemp seed oil (HO) and poppy seed oil (PO) on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant status of lean and genetically obese Zucker rats. The rats were fed a control diet for laboratory rodents or a modification with HO or PO. Both oils reduced body and epididymal fat and liver cholesterol levels and promoted oxidative stress in the liver of obese rats. The HO reduced plasma triglycerides and had a stronger liver cholesterol-lowering effect in obese rats than PO. In the lean rats, HO and PO had no effects on the body fat content, plasma lipid profile, or lipid metabolism in the liver. HO considerably elevated the content of α-linolenic acid in the liver and increased the liver ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in the lean rats. In conclusion, the regular consumption of both oils increases the accumulation of essential fatty acids in the liver of healthy animals, whilst not having any adverse effects on the body, whereas in genetically obese rats, the effects of both dietary oils on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant status are unequivocal and only partially beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Fotschki
- Department of Biological Function of Foods, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.F.); (P.O.); (J.J.)
| | - Paulina Opyd
- Department of Biological Function of Foods, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.F.); (P.O.); (J.J.)
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Department of Biological Function of Foods, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.F.); (P.O.); (J.J.)
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Adam Jurgoński
- Department of Biological Function of Foods, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.F.); (P.O.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Owumi SE, Danso OF, Nwozo SO. Gallic acid and omega‐3 fatty acids mitigate epididymal and testicular toxicity in manganese‐treated rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13630. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E. Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Olabisi F. Danso
- Industrial and Nutritional Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Sarah O. Nwozo
- Industrial and Nutritional Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
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Owumi SE, Nwozo SO, Effiong ME, Najophe ES. Gallic acid and omega-3 fatty acids decrease inflammatory and oxidative stress in manganese-treated rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:835-844. [PMID: 32252555 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220917643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Humans and animals are regularly exposed to toxic chemicals with subsequent adverse effects. Manganese exposure occurs via contaminated sources; over-exposure is associated with neuronal, hepatorenal dysfunction, etc. This work advances the field of natural chemopreventive agents by reporting evidence lacking in the literature on GA and ω-3-FA obtained primarily from the diet in protecting biological beings against toxic chemicals. Individually, GA and ω-3-FA exhibit various pharmacological effects. Our findings confirm the previous reports; however, we demonstrate the additional evidence for GA and ω-3-FA in abating toxic response incumbent on oxidative damage associated with manganese exposure. These findings further underscore the relevance of GA usage in food, cosmetics-pharmaceutical industries, and ω-3-FA as a safe supplement. Dietary supplements with GA and fish oil-rich in ω-3FA may be the potential natural therapy against hepatorenal injury in individuals inadvertently or occupationally exposed to manganese, thereby, promoting human and veterinary health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200004, Nigeria
| | - Sarah O Nwozo
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200004, Nigeria
| | - Magdalene E Effiong
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200004, Nigeria
| | - Eseroghene S Najophe
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200004, Nigeria
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Soto G, Rodríguez MJ, Fuentealba R, Treuer AV, Castillo I, González DR, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Maresin 1, a Proresolving Lipid Mediator, Ameliorates Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Stimulates Hepatocyte Proliferation in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020540. [PMID: 31952110 PMCID: PMC7014175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maresin-1 (MaR1) is a specialized pro-resolving mediator, derived from omega-3 fatty acids, whose functions are to decrease the pro-inflammatory and oxidative mediators, and also to stimulate cell division. We investigated the hepatoprotective actions of MaR1 in a rat model of liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. MaR1 (4 ng/gr body weight) was administered prior to ischemia (1 h) and reperfusion (3 h), and controls received isovolumetric vehicle solution. To analyze liver function, transaminases levels and tissue architecture were assayed, and serum cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10, mitotic activity index, and differential levels of NF-κB and Nrf-2 transcription factors, were analyzed. Transaminase, TNF-α levels, and cytoarchitecture were normalized with the administration of MaR1 and associated with changes in NF-κB. IL-6, mitotic activity index, and nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 increased in the MaR1-IR group, which would be associated with hepatoprotection and cell proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that MaR1 alleviated IR liver injury, facilitated by the activation of hepatocyte cell division, increased IL-6 cytokine levels, and the nuclear localization of Nrf-2, with a decrease of NF-κB activity. All of them were related to an improvement of liver injury parameters. These results open the possibility of MaR1 as a potential therapeutic tool in IR and other hepatic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Soto
- Escuela de Tecnología Medica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - María José Rodríguez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (R.F.)
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Roberto Fuentealba
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (R.F.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.V.T.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Adriana V. Treuer
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.V.T.); (D.R.G.)
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Iván Castillo
- Unidad de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 3460001, Chile;
- Centro Oncológico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Daniel R. González
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.V.T.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-71-2201667
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Bi J, Chen C, Sun P, Tan H, Feng F, Shen J. Neuroprotective effect of omega-3 fatty acids on spinal cord injury induced rats. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01339. [PMID: 31225705 PMCID: PMC6710194 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, the effects of omega-3 fatty acids were examined in a rat model of spinal cord injury. METHODS The rats were classified into sham, control, spinal cord injury plus 50 mg/kg Omega-3 fatty acids and spinal cord injury plus 100 mg/kg Omega-3 fatty acids. The levels of oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory markers were examined in each of these groups. RESULTS Altered lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and catalase were normalized. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels by >50%. TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression were reduced. Caspase-3, p53, bax, and pro-NGF mRNA expression levels were increased by 1.3-, 1.4-, 1.2-, and 0.9-fold, respectively, whereas bcl-2 mRNA expression was decreased by 0.77-fold in control rats. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreased p53, caspase-3, bax, and pro-NGF mRNA expression by >40%, while the level of bcl-2 mRNA expression was increased by 286.9%. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreased caspase-3 and p53 protein expression by >30%. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggested that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the levels of inflammatory markers in ischemia-reperfusion-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Bi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyu Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haining Tan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiong Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Ramos MFDP, Oliveira OB, de Barros ADCMM, Razvickas CV, Pessoa EDA, da Silva RF, Pereira AMS, Convento MB, Borges FT, Schor N. Comparison of olive leaf, olive oil, palm oil, and omega-3 oil in acute kidney injury induced by sepsis in rats. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7219. [PMID: 31333903 PMCID: PMC6625600 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypotension, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and inflammation are all observed in experimental models of sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an ethanolic extract of Brazilian olive leaf (Ex), Brazilian olive oil (Olv), Ex + Olv (ExOlv), and palm oil (Pal) in comparison to the effects of omega-3 fish oil (Omg) in a rat model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Materials Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (seven per group), which were either untreated (control) or treated with LPS, LPS + Ex, LPS + ExOlv, LPS + Olv, LPS + Omg, or LPS + Pal. Results Lower values of creatinine clearance and blood pressure were observed in the LPS-treated group, and these values were not affected by Ex, Olv, ExOlv, Pal, or Omg treatment. Mortality rates were significantly lower in rats exposed to LPS when they were also treated with Ex, ExOlv, Olv, Pal, or Omg. These treatments also decreased oxidative stress and inflammation (Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta) and increased interleukin-10 levels and cell proliferation, which were associated with decreased apoptosis in kidney tissue. Conclusion Ex and Pal treatments were beneficial in septic rats, since they increased survival rate and did not aggravate inflammation. However, the most effective treatments for septic rats were Olv in comparison to Omg. These natural food substances could enable the development of effective therapeutic interventions to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olvania Basso Oliveira
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Clara Versolato Razvickas
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson de Andrade Pessoa
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcia Bastos Convento
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Teixeira Borges
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nestor Schor
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ali FF, Rifaai RA. Preventive effect of omega-3 fatty acids in a rat model of stress-induced liver injury. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:11960-11968. [PMID: 30536657 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids are gaining attention as a therapeutic agent of many diseases. Their protective effect in a variety of diseases has been demonstrated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on omega-3 fatty acids related to acute cold-restraint stress (CRS) induced hepatic dysfunction in rats. Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley albino rats were used and classified into: control, omega-3 group, each rat was pretreated with omega-3 fatty acids; CRS group, rats were subjected to acute CRS for 6 hr; and CRS group pretreated with omega-3 fatty acids. Serum was obtained to determine corticosterone (CORT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were measured. Also, liver tissues were taken for histological examination and immunohistochemical assessment of the apoptotic marker, caspase-3. Results showed that pretreatment of stressed rats with omega-3 fatty acids led to significant decrease in hepatic MDA and increase in TAC levels. They reduced serum levels of CORT, ALT, AST, and TNF-α. Also, they improved liver damage and suppressed hepatic caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, pretreatment of stressed rats with omega-3 fatty acids has ameliorated stress-induced liver damage due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. So, they can be used to minimize stress complications on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Farrag Ali
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Rehab Ahmed Rifaai
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Yilmaz Y, Tumkaya L. Effects of hyperbaric oxygen and iloprost on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion induced acute lung injury. Ann Surg Treat Res 2019; 96:34-40. [PMID: 30603632 PMCID: PMC6306501 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2019.96.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To research the effects of iloprost (IL) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combination treatment on lung injury and on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels after tissue or organ ischemia-reperfusion, and on ischemia-reperfusion induced lung neutrophil sequestration. Methods Forty white New Zealand rabbits were assigned randomly into 5 groups: HBO, IL, HBO+IL, control, and sham groups. TNF-α values were checked before ischemia, in the 1st hour of ischemia and in the 1st and 4th hours of reperfusion, also at the end of reperfusion period, plasma and tissue MPO values, MDA values, and sICAM-1 levels were detected. After sacrifice, the degree of lung injury was determined by histopathological examination. Results Compared to the control group all therapy groups showed a drastically meaningful reduction in TNF-α increase in 1, 2, and 4 hours. Plasma and lung MDA, MPO, and sICAM-1 levels were significantly lower in IL, HBO, HBO+IL, and sham groups compared with the control group. IL and/or HBO suppressed MDA and MPO increase in the lung tissue and in plasma. Additionally, histopathological score was significantly lower in HBO, IL, HBO+IL, and sham groups than that of the control group. Conclusion Both HBO and IL therapy have a beneficial effect by causing a meaningful reduction in TNF-α production, MPO, MDA, sICAM-1 levels and pulmonary neutrophil sequestration; which play a role, especially, in ischemia reperfusion induced lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Yilmaz
- Department of General Surgery, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
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