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Choi S, Park J, Jung H, Jeong J, Lim K, Shin S. Association of hypertension with noodle consumption among Korean adults based on the Health Examinees (HEXA) study. Nutr Res Pract 2024; 18:282-293. [PMID: 38584812 PMCID: PMC10995774 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.2.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The prevalence of hypertension is increasing, and noodles have a high sodium content, so noodle consumption might be associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the association between total and types of noodle intake and the risk of hypertension among Korean adults. Subjects aged 40-69 years were selected for this study. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study included 56,580 participants (18,246 men and 38,334 women) aged 40-69 years old from the Health Examinees study. Noodle and nutrient intakes were assessed using the food frequency questionnaire. Hypertension was diagnosed as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication use. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension. RESULTS Higher noodle consumption was associated with increased hypertension among men (HR, 1.273; 95% CI, 1.166-1.390) and women (HR, 1.116; 95% CI, 1.038-1.199). CONCLUSION We recommended reducing noodle intake and consuming vegetables and fruits to increase potassium intake, which can prevent vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jungmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hyein Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Jiwon Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Kyungjoon Lim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Iddrisu A, Adam M. Assessing body mass index stages, individual diabetes and hypertension history effects on the risk of developing hypertension among Ghanaians: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1650. [PMID: 37900089 PMCID: PMC10600335 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims This study aimed to understand the relationship between body mass index (BMI), diabetes and hypertension history, and other risk of hypertension among Ghanaians. Methods The BMI data are categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition. The data were obtained from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO SAGE) Ghana Wave 2. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the variables, and the association between these variables and hypertension was assessed using the χ². Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between hypertension and different BMI levels and other variables. Results Obesity class II individuals have about a 4-fold higher risk of developing hypertension compared to underweight individuals. Obesity class III, class I, and preobesity individuals have approximately a 3-fold higher risk. Normal weight is associated with increased hypertension risk. Both males and females show a significant increase in hypertension risk across all BMI categories. History of hypertension is linked to a 2.2-fold increased risk. Diabetes history is associated with hypertension when considering other factors. Elevated hypertension risk is observed among married, divorced, and widowed males then never married males. Only widowed females showed an increased risk. Older age significantly increases hypertension risk, particularly in females. Vegetable servings reduce hypertension risk, while fruit servings are associated with an increased risk. Vigorous exercise increases hypertension risk, particularly in females. Conclusion Regular check-ups are recommended for married, divorced, and widowed males, focusing on blood pressure (BP) levels. Regular exercise from young age helps lower BP in later years. Individuals with a history of hypertension should follow BP control measures. Encouraging the consumption of the right combination of vegetables and fruits can help lower BP. Female tobacco smoking should be strongly discouraged due to a 54% increased risk of developing hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul‐Karim Iddrisu
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyaniGhana
| | - Mohammed Adam
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyaniGhana
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Iddrisu AK, Besing Karadaar I, Gurah Junior J, Ansu B, Ernest DA. Mixed effects logistic regression analysis of blood pressure among Ghanaians and associated risk factors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7728. [PMID: 37173375 PMCID: PMC10182051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) control is a global health issue with an increase in BP beyond the normal BP leading to different stages of hypertension in humans and hence the need to identify risk factors of BP for efficient and effective control. Multiple BP measurement have proven to provide BP readings close to the true BP status of the individual. In this study, we used multiple BP measurement data on 3809 Ghanaians to determine risk factors associated with BP. The data were obtained from World Health Organization study on Global AGEing and Adult Health. We defined high blood pressure (HBP) as [Formula: see text] 130/80 mmHg or normal as [Formula: see text] 130/80 mmHg. We provide summary statistics and also used the Chi-Square test to assess significance of association between HBP versus risk factors of HBP. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors of BP using the mixed effects logistic regression model. Data were analyzed using R version 4.2.2. The results showed that the risk of high blood pressure (HBP) decreases across the three measurement periods. There is reduced risk (OR = 0.274, 95% CI = 0.2008, 0.405) of HBP among male participants relative to female participants. The risk (OR = 2.771, 95% CI = 1.8658, 4.1145) of HBP increased by 2.771-folds among those who are 60 years and above relative to those below the age of 60 years. Those whose work involves/requires vigorous exercise has 1.631-fold increase in the risk (OR = 1.631, 95% CI = 1.1151, 2.3854) of HBP relative to those whose work does not involve vigorous exercise. There is approximately 5-folds increased in the risk (OR = 4.896, 95% CI = 1.9535, 12.2268) of among those who have ever been diagnosed with diabetes. The results also revealed high risk (OR = 1.649, 95%CI = 1.1108, 2.4486) of HBP among those who have formal education. The risk (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 1.0044, 1.0137) of HBP increases with increasing weight and a reduced risk (OR = 0.996, 95% CI = 0.9921, 0.9993) of HBP with increasing height. We found that sad experience, either mild, moderate or severe, is associated with a reduced risk of HBP. Those who have vegetable servings at least 2 cups per day have increased risk of HBP and those who have fruits servings at least 2 cups per day is associated with a reduced risk of HBP, however this is not statistically significant. To achieve success in BP control, programs should be designed with the aim of reducing weight, educate those with formal eduction on issues relating to HBP. Those whose work requires vigorous exercise are recommended to have regular check-ups to ensure that pressure build-up in the lungs is cleared. SBP is lower for women at young age but continue to increase after menopause as their BP increase becomes salt-sensitive. Hence there is need to give more attention to menopausal women so as to improve BP. Both young and old individuals are recommended to practice regular exercise since this has shown to reduce risk of being overweight or becoming diabetic and reduces the risk of HBP at yong age and old age. Also, to improve blood pressure control, programs for management of blood pressure or hypertension should focus more short stature individuals since such people are more likely to experience HBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Karim Iddrisu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.
| | | | - Joseph Gurah Junior
- Department of Mathematics and ICT, St. Ambrose College of Education, Dormaa-Akwamu, Ghana
| | - Bismark Ansu
- Department of Mathematics and ICT, St. Ambrose College of Education, Dormaa-Akwamu, Ghana
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Mamdouh H, Alnakhi WK, Hussain HY, Ibrahim GM, Hussein A, Mahmoud I, Alawadi F, Hassanein M, Abdullatif M, AlAbady K, Farooq S, Sulaiman N. Prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension and pre-hypertension among the adult population: findings from the Dubai Household Survey, 2019. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:18. [PMID: 35090385 PMCID: PMC8796637 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimal data is available on the prevalence and correlates of hypertension and prehypertension in Dubai. The study aims to measure the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension and the associated socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors and comorbidities among the adult population of Dubai. METHODS This study used data from the Dubai Household Health Survey, 2019. A cross-sectional population survey based on a complex stratified cluster random design. The total eligible sample included 2530 adults (18+). Sociodemographic and behavioral factors were considered as independent covariates. The main study outcome variables, pre-hypertension and hypertension, were ordinal, with normotension as the reference group. RESULTS The overall prevalence of hypertension in adults was 32.5% (38.37% in males and 16.66% in females). Prehypertension was prevalent in 29.8% of adults in Dubai (28.85% in males and 32.31% in females). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age groups, gender, occupation, and high Body Mass Index were significantly associated with a higher risk of hypertension at the level of P < 0.05. No clear trend toward a higher correlation of hypertension was noted with the increase in age, except after the age of 50 years. Males were five- times more likely to be hypertensive than females. Participants enrolled in skilled and service works had a five times higher risk of hypertension, compared with the reference group (professionals). Obese subjects had a 5.47-times greater correlation of hypertension compared with normal-weight subjects. Physically active individuals were less likely to develop hypertension. For the correlates with prehypertension in the present analysis, skilled and service workers and those working in elementary jobs had a higher risk of prehypertension, compared with the reference group (professionals) Individuals with a status of overweight were associated with a higher prevalence of prehypertension compared with people of normal weight. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a high prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among adults in Dubai. Some socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors were correlated with prehypertension and hypertension among the studied population. Interventions aiming at increasing public awareness about such risk factors are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mamdouh
- Department of Data Analysis, Research and Studies, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE.
- Department of Family Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Wafa K Alnakhi
- Department of Data Analysis, Research and Studies, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Hamid Y Hussain
- Department of Data Analysis, Research and Studies, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Gamal M Ibrahim
- Department of Data Analysis, Research and Studies, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
- Department of Data Analysis, High Institute for Management Sciences, Belqas, Egypt
| | - Amal Hussein
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ibrahim Mahmoud
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Fatheya Alawadi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Mohamed Hassanein
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Mona Abdullatif
- Public Health Protection Department, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Kadhim AlAbady
- Public Health Protection Department, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Sabya Farooq
- Public Health Protection Department, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Nabil Sulaiman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Pre-Hypertension and Its Determinants in Healthy Young Adults: Analysis of Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179144. [PMID: 34501734 PMCID: PMC8431073 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify risk factors in the normotensive and pre-hypertensive group based on the blood pressure results of healthy young adults from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018. The participants were 2225 healthy young adults between the ages of 19 and under 45, excluding those with a diagnosis of hypertension or taking antihypertensive medications. Of the 2225 participants, the normotensive group was 1498 (67.3%) and the pre-hypertensive group 727 (32.7%). Determinants of pre-hypertension were analyzed using multiple logistic regression based on a complex sample design. Factors related to pre-hypertension in young adults were age, smoking, waist circumference, diabetes, anemia, cholesterol levels including HDL cholesterol, and uric acid levels. Pre-hypertension is a pre-stage that can prevent the morbidity of hypertension through lifestyle control, so its management is very important. Furthermore, a young adult is a stage in the growth and development of human beings, in which lifestyles such as healthy behaviors, eating habits, and exercise are fixed. Therefore, it is very important to improve lifestyles such as diet, exercise, and smoking cessation and to control risk factors in young adults who are at the pre-hypertension stage for health promotion. Continuous health examinations should be conducted for young adults, and education that can be practiced based on clinical data through this should be implemented for community health.
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Incidence and risk factors for progression from prehypertension to hypertension: a 12-year Korean Cohort Study. J Hypertens 2021; 38:1755-1762. [PMID: 32398468 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the incidence and risk factors for progression from prehypertension to hypertension among middle-aged and elderly Korean adults. METHODS A total of 115 456 participants with prehypertension in 2003-2004 were selected from the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) Program. All participants were followed until 2015. Potential risk factors for progression to hypertension were evaluated using the chi-squared test or t-test. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to predict the risk of progression to hypertension according to sex. The incidence of hypertension in the prehypertension group was evaluated by calculating the incidence density during the entire follow-up period. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 48 919 participants experienced progression to hypertension, which corresponded to incidence densities of 45.82/1000 person-years among men and 53.57/1000 person-years among women. Among both men and women, progression to hypertension was predicted by an elevated BMI, family history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, and older age. Among men, progression to hypertension was associated with frequent drinking and high alanine aminotransferase levels. Among women, progression to hypertension was associated with high hemoglobin levels and low household income. CONCLUSION This study identified various risk factors for progression from prehypertension to hypertension among middle-aged and elderly Korean adults. This information may help researchers develop comprehensive and effective strategies for managing prehypertension.
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7
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Gambardella J, Morelli MB, Wang XJ, Santulli G. Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical activity in hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020; 22:291-295. [PMID: 31955526 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), The "Norman Fleischer" Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Bruno Morelli
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), The "Norman Fleischer" Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xu-Jun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), The "Norman Fleischer" Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), The "Norman Fleischer" Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), Naples, Italy.,Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
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Spiller W, Jung KJ, Lee JY, Jee SH. Precision Medicine and Cardiovascular Health: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analyses. Korean Circ J 2019; 50:91-111. [PMID: 31845553 PMCID: PMC6974657 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2019.0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is considered a primary driver of global mortality and is estimated to be responsible for approximately 17.9 million deaths annually. Consequently, a substantial body of research related to CVD has developed, with an emphasis on identifying strategies for the prevention and effective treatment of CVD. In this review, we critically examine the existing CVD literature, and specifically highlight the contribution of Mendelian randomization analyses in CVD research. Throughout this review, we assess the extent to which research findings agree across a range of studies of differing design within a triangulation framework. If differing study designs are subject to non-overlapping sources of bias, consistent findings limit the extent to which results are merely an artefact of study design. Consequently, broad agreement across differing studies can be viewed as providing more robust causal evidence in contrast to limiting the scope of the review to a single specific study design. Utilising the triangulation approach, we highlight emerging patterns in research findings, and explore the potential of identified risk factors as targets for precision medicine and novel interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wes Spiller
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Keum Ji Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim HC, Ihm SH, Kim GH, Kim JH, Kim KI, Lee HY, Lee JH, Park JM, Park S, Pyun WB, Shin J, Chae SC. 2018 Korean Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension: part I-epidemiology of hypertension. Clin Hypertens 2019; 25:16. [PMID: 31388451 PMCID: PMC6670210 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-019-0121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Korean Society of Hypertension guideline defines hypertension as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, where the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment has been established. It is confirmed that higher blood pressure levels are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality also in the Korean population. About one third of Korean adults aged 30 years or older are estimated to have hypertension, and the prevalence of hypertension gradually increases as the age increases. The awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension are generally improving in Korea, but more efforts are required to increase awareness and treatment among younger patients with hypertension and to improve lifestyle modification compliance at all ages. More studies are required to determine the magnitude and impact of white coat hypertension and masked hypertension in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Chang Kim
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Ihm
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gheun-Ho Kim
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonnam University, GwangJu, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Kim
- 5Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hae-Young Lee
- 6Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jang Hoon Lee
- 7Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721 South Korea
| | - Jong-Moo Park
- 8Department of Neurology, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- 9Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wook Bum Pyun
- 10Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinho Shin
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shung Chull Chae
- 7Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721 South Korea
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Zhu Z, Feng T, Huang Y, Liu X, Lei H, Li G, Deng D, Zhang N, Huang W. Excessive physical activity duration may be a risk factor for hypertension in young and middle-aged populations. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15378. [PMID: 31045784 PMCID: PMC6504303 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is known to cause many health problems globally each year. However, evidence regarding the interaction between excessive physical activity (PA) and blood pressure in young and middle-aged populations is limited.A multistage, stratified, random cluster sampling design was adopted to recruit representative samples. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire and undergo physical examinations. Associations between prehypertension, hypertension and PA durations were examined by multivariable logistic regression.Overall, 8206 subjects (4110 men, 50.1%) aged 15 to 45 years were enrolled. The prevalence rates of prehypertension and hypertension were 45.7% and 5.0%, respectively. Among the 1913 participants who performed moderate-intensity PA for more than 700 min/wk, 118 had hypertension (6.2%) and 845 had prehypertension (44.2%). Among the 1003 participants who performed vigorous-intensity PA for more than 450 min/wk, 82 had hypertension (8.2%) and 479 had prehypertension (47.8%).Long-term and sustained PA may increase the risk for hypertension in young and middle-aged subjects. An appropriate recommendation of PA duration should be encouraged in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkai Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Tianyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Xinglan Liu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Han Lei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Ge Li
- Public Health School of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Deng
- Public Health School of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
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Kim JK, Kim KA, Choi HM, Park SK, Stebbins CL. Grape Seed Extract Supplementation Attenuates the Blood Pressure Response to Exercise in Prehypertensive Men. J Med Food 2018; 21:445-453. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Kyung Kim
- Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ae Kim
- Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Hyun-Min Choi
- Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Seung-Kook Park
- College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Charles L. Stebbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Wang Y, Ren Y, Xing L, Dai X, Liu S, Yu B, Wang Y. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation effects of Panax notoginseng and its main components are mediated by nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase pathways. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3998-4006. [PMID: 28101178 PMCID: PMC5228079 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The main bioactive components of this species are Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of PNS and five of its main components (ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1 and Rd, and notoginsenoside R1) on rat aorta rings pre-contracted with norepinephrine (NE) and to determine the underlying mechanism of action. Isolated aorta rings (with or without intact endothelium) from adult male Wistar rats were stimulated with NE to induce vasoconstriction, and subsequently treated with different concentrations of PNS and its five main components (Rg1, Re, Rb1, R1 and Rd) separately. This procedure was repeated after pre-incubation with the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), the guanylate cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) and the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin (INDO), in order to elucidate the mechanism of action of PNS and its components. The results demonstrated that PNS and the components Rg1, Re, Rb1 and R1, but not Rd, induced vessel relaxation in a concentration-dependent manner when the endothelium lining was intact. NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME and guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ attenuated the diastolic effects of PNS, Rg1, Re, Rb1 and R1 in aortic rings with intact endothelium. By contrast, INDO, a known COX inhibitor weakened the vasodilation effects of PNS, Re and Rb1 but demonstrated no effect on Rg1 and R1. In conclusion, PNS and two of its main components (Re and Rb1) exert vasodilating effects through the NO and COX pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ren
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Xing
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
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Cadmium body burden and increased blood pressure in middle-aged American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. J Hum Hypertens 2016; 31:225-230. [PMID: 27629244 PMCID: PMC5299034 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that has been associated with cardiovascular disease in populations, but the relationship of Cd with hypertension has been inconsistent. We studied the association between urinary Cd concentrations, a measure of total body burden, and blood pressure in American Indians, a US population with above national average Cd burden. Urinary Cd was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and adjusted for urinary creatinine concentration. Among 3714 middle-aged American Indian participants of the Strong Heart Study (mean age 56 years, 41% male, 67% ever-smokers, 23% taking antihypertensive medications), urinary Cd ranged from 0.01 to 78.48 μg g-1 creatinine (geometric mean=0.94 μg g-1) and it was correlated with smoking pack-year among ever-smokers (r2=0.16, P<0.0001). Participants who were smokers were on average light-smokers (mean 10.8 pack-years), and urinary Cd was similarly elevated in light- and never-smokers (geometric means of 0.88 μg g-1 creatinine for both categories). Log-transformed urinary Cd was significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure in models adjusted for age, sex, geographic area, body mass index, smoking (ever vs never, and cumulative pack-years) and kidney function (mean blood pressure difference by lnCd concentration (β)=1.64, P=0.002). These associations were present among light- and never-smokers (β=2.03, P=0.002, n=2627), although not significant among never-smokers (β=1.22, P=0.18, n=1260). Cd was also associated with diastolic blood pressure among light- and never-smokers (β=0.94, P=0.004). These findings suggest that there is a relationship between Cd body burden and increased blood pressure in American Indians, a population with increased cardiovascular disease risk.
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Prevalence of prehypertension and associated risk factors among Chinese adults from a large-scale multi-ethnic population survey. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:775. [PMID: 27515034 PMCID: PMC4982422 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up to date, most of previous studies about Chinese prehypertension were conducted based on a small sample or in only one province, which could not represent the general population in China. Furthermore, no information on the ethnic difference in prevalence of prehypertension has been reported in China. The aim of this study is to examine the sex-specific, age-specific and ethnic-specific prevalence of prehypertension and associated risk factors in a large-scale multi-ethnic Chinese adult population. Methods The subjects came from a large-scale population survey about Chinese physiological constants and health conditions conducted in six provinces. 47, 495 adults completed blood pressure measurement. Prehypertension was defined as not being on antihypertensive medications and having SBP of 120–139 mmHg and/or DBP of 80–89 mmHg. Odds ratio (OR) and its 95 % confidence interval (CI) from logistic models were used to reflect the prevalence of prehypertension. Results The mean age of all subjects was 43.9 ± 16.8 years. The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension for all them was 29.5 and 36.4 %, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension for males (33.2 and 41.1 %, respectively) was higher than that for females (27.0 and 33.2 %, respectively), and P < 0.001. The mean age of the subjects was 54.8 ± 14.0 years for hypertensive, 44.0 ± 16.0 years for prehypertensive and 35.3 ± 14.5 years for normotensive. With aging, subjects had more odds of getting prehypertension. Multivariate logistic model indicated that males (OR = 2.076, 95 % CI: 1.952–2.208), laborers with mental work (OR = 1.084, 95 % CI: 1.020–1.152), Yi (OR = 1.347, 95 %CI: 1.210–1.500) and Hui subjects (OR = 1.133, 95 % CI: 1.024–1.253), alcohol drinkers (OR = 1.147, 95 % CI: 1.072–1.228), the generally obese (OR = 2.460, 95 % CI: 2.190–2.763), the overweight (OR = 1.667, 95 % CI: 1.563–1.788), the abdominally obese (OR = 1.371, 95 % CI: 1.280–1.467) and subjects with family history of cardiovascular diseases (OR = 1.132, 95 % CI: 1.045–1.226) had higher prevalence of prehypertension. Subjects with higher educational level (OR = 0.687, 95 % CI: 0.627–0.752 for university) and Miao (OR = 0.753, 95 % CI: 0.623–0.910), Tibetan (OR = 0.521, 95 % CI: 0.442–0.613), Tujia (OR = 0.779, 95 % CI: 0.677–0.898) subjects had lower prevalence. Conclusion High prevalence rate of prehypertension was general in Chinese adults. Many sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with prehypertension. There were important clinical significance and public health significance about age-specific, gender-specific and ethnic-specific Chinese prehypertension conditions studies.
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Lee HY, Park JB. The Korean Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in 2013: Its Essentials and Key Points. Pulse (Basel) 2015; 3:21-8. [PMID: 26587454 DOI: 10.1159/000381994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Korean Society of Hypertension published new guidelines for the management of hypertension in 2013 which fully revised the first Korean hypertension treatment guideline published in 2004. Due to shortage of Korean data, the Committee decided to establish the guideline in the form of an 'adaptation' of the recently released guidelines. The prevalence of hypertension was 28.5% in the recent Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2011, and the awareness, treatment, and control rates are generally improving. However, the risks for cerebrovascular disease and coronary artery disease which are attributable to hypertension were the highest in Korea. The classification of hypertension is the same as in other guidelines. The remarkable difference is that prehypertension is further classified as stage 1 and 2 prehypertension because the cardiovascular risk is significantly different within the prehypertensive range. Although the decision-making was based on office blood pressure (BP) measured by the auscultation method using a stethoscope, the importance of home BP measurement and ambulatory BP monitoring is also stressed. The Korean guideline does not recommend a drug therapy in patients within the prehypertensive range, even in patients with prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, stroke, or coronary artery disease. In an elderly population over 65 years old, drug therapy can be initiated when the systolic BP (SBP) is ≥160 mm Hg. The target BP is generally an SBP of <140 mm Hg and a diastolic BP (DBP) of <90 mm Hg regardless of previous cardiovascular events. However, in patients with hypertension and diabetes, the lower DBP control <85 mm Hg is recommended. Also, in patients with hypertension with prominent albuminuria, a more strict SBP control <130 mm Hg can be recommended. In lifestyle modification, sodium reduction is the most important factor in Korea. Five classes of antihypertensive drugs, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, calcium antagonists, and diuretics, are equally recommended as a first-line treatment, whereas a combination therapy chosen from renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and diuretics is preferentially recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Young Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Shin J, Park JB, Kim KI, Kim JH, Yang DH, Pyun WB, Kim YG, Kim GH, Chae SC. 2013 Korean Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension: part I-epidemiology and diagnosis of hypertension. Clin Hypertens 2015; 21:1. [PMID: 26893915 PMCID: PMC4745140 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-014-0012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The standardized techniques of blood pressure measurement in the clinic are emphasized and the indications for ambulatory and/or home blood pressure monitoring are specified more broadly. The epidemiologic findings specific to Korean population related to blood pressure are reviewed. Cardiovascular risk of hypertensive patients are stratified based upon the data of a Korean population cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Bae Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Seoul National University, Bundang, Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonnam University, GwangJu, Korea
| | - Dong Heon Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Wook Bum Pyun
- Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Gweon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongkuk University College of Medicine, Ilsan, Korea
| | - Gheun-Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shung Chull Chae
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Abstract
As the worldwide prevalence of hypertension continues to increase, the primary prevention of hypertension has become an important global public health initiative. Physical activity is commonly recommended as an important lifestyle modification that may aid in the prevention of hypertension. Recent epidemiologic evidence has demonstrated a consistent, temporal, and dose-dependent relationship between physical activity and the development of hypertension. Experimental evidence from interventional studies has further confirmed a relationship between physical activity and hypertension as the favorable effects of exercise on blood pressure reduction have been well characterized in recent years. Despite the available evidence strongly supporting a role for physical activity in the prevention of hypertension, many unanswered questions regarding the protective benefits of physical activity in high-risk individuals, the factors that may moderate the relationship between physical activity and hypertension, and the optimal prescription for hypertension prevention remain. We review the most recent evidence for the role of physical activity in the prevention of hypertension and discuss recent studies that have sought to address these unanswered questions.
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Hosen MJ, Zubaer A, Thapa S, Khadka B, De Paepe A, Vanakker OM. Molecular docking simulations provide insights in the substrate binding sites and possible substrates of the ABCC6 transporter. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102779. [PMID: 25062064 PMCID: PMC4111409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human ATP-binding cassette family C member 6 (ABCC6) gene encodes an ABC transporter protein (ABCC6), primarily expressed in liver and kidney. Mutations in the ABCC6 gene cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disease characterized by ectopic mineralization of the elastic fibers. The pathophysiology underlying PXE is incompletely understood, which can at least partly be explained by the undetermined nature of the ABCC6 substrates as well as the unknown substrate recognition and binding sites. Several compounds, including anionic glutathione conjugates (N-ethylmaleimide; NEM-GS) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) were shown to be modestly transported in vitro; conversely, vitamin K3 (VK3) was demonstrated not to be transported by ABCC6. To predict the possible substrate binding pockets of the ABCC6 transporter, we generated a 3D homology model of ABCC6 in both open and closed conformation, qualified for molecular docking and virtual screening approaches. By docking 10 reported in vitro substrates in our ABCC6 3D homology models, we were able to predict the substrate binding residues of ABCC6. Further, virtual screening of 4651 metabolites from the Human Serum Metabolome Database against our open conformation model disclosed possible substrates for ABCC6, which are mostly lipid and biliary secretion compounds, some of which are found to be involved in mineralization. Docking of these possible substrates in the closed conformation model also showed high affinity. Virtual screening expands this possibility to explore more compounds that can interact with ABCC6, and may aid in understanding the mechanisms leading to PXE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jakir Hosen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Zubaer
- Swapnojaatra Bioresearch Laboratory, DataSoft Systems, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Simrika Thapa
- Swapnojaatra Bioresearch Laboratory, DataSoft Systems, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bijendra Khadka
- Swapnojaatra Bioresearch Laboratory, DataSoft Systems, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anne De Paepe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier M. Vanakker
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Sympathovagal Imbalance in Young Prehypertensives: Importance of Male-Female Difference. Am J Med Sci 2013; 345:10-7. [DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e31824ba080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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