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Aodah AH, Alkholifi FK, Alharthy KM, Devi S, Foudah AI, Yusufoglu HS, Alam A. Effects of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside on metabolic enzymes and AMPK in the liver tissue of STZ-induced diabetes in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16167. [PMID: 39003280 PMCID: PMC11246446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It involves disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Novel therapeutic approaches are continuously being explored to enhance metabolic control and prevent complications associated with the disease. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside, a flavonoid, in managing diabetes by modulating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and improving metabolic enzyme activities in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic mice. Diabetic mice were treated with varying doses of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside and/or insulin over a 28-day period. Glycolytic and gluconeogenesis enzyme activities in the liver, fasting blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, lipid profiles and oxidative stress markers were assessed. Treatment with kaempherol-3-rhamnoside significantly improved glycolytic enzyme activities, reduced fasting blood glucose, and enhanced insulin levels compared to diabetic controls. The compound also normalized lipid profiles and reduced oxidative stress in the liver, suggesting its potential in reversing diabetic dyslipidemia and oxidative damage. Furthermore, kaempherol-3-rhamnoside activated the AMPK pathway, indicating a mechanism through which it could exert its effects. Kaempherol-3-rhamnoside exhibits promising antidiabetic properties, potentially through AMPK pathway activation and metabolic enzyme modulation. These findings support its potential use as an adjunct therapy for diabetes management. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these results in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhussain H Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal K Alkholifi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sushma Devi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
| | - Ahmed I Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan S Yusufoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, 51418, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
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Muksor A, Parmar D. Cultural Beliefs and Practices in Self-Management of Diabetes Among Pnar Women in Meghalaya, India. Sci Diabetes Self Manag Care 2023; 49:462-476. [PMID: 37947222 DOI: 10.1177/26350106231208155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to explore the cultural beliefs and practices of the Pnar tribe in terms of their self-management of diabetes. METHODS A qualitative study design using an ethnographic approach was adopted to understand the experiences of the Pnar women with type 2 diabetes. Around 60 women living with diabetes across 20 villages in the Thadlaskein rural block were interviewed in the Pnar language. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the pattern related to beliefs and cultural practices in the self-management of diabetes across the data set. RESULTS Misconceptions related to diet, such as all vegetables grown underground need to be avoided and bitter herbs and vegetables are good for blood glucose control, were reported. Participants used home remedies and complementary and alternative medicine to bring down their blood glucose levels. Participants believe that diabetes is an episodic or short-term illness and can be cured through herbal medicine. Participants reported that consuming atta or round flat bread made of wheat flour instead of rice caused "acidity." CONCLUSIONS Misconceptions are barriers to disease management, which are often shaped in people's minds by culture. Therefore, health care service providers must know what people think about diabetes and its management. Accordingly, information related to diabetes should be disseminated to the masses for effective management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alacrity Muksor
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Daksha Parmar
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
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Two New Chromeno[3,2-c]Pyridine Derivatives from the Whole Plants of Thalictrum finetii and Their Antirotavirus Activity. Chem Nat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jia H, Wen Y, Aw W, Saito K, Kato H. Ameliorating Effects of Coriander on Gastrocnemius Muscles Undergoing Precachexia in a Rat Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Proteomics Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:4041. [PMID: 34836295 PMCID: PMC8621435 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coriander is a commonly used vegetable, spice, and folk medicine, possessing both nutritional and medicinal properties. Up to two-thirds of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exhibit loss of body mass, predominately skeletal muscle mass, a process called rheumatoid cachexia, and this has major effects of the quality of life of patients. Owing to a lack of effective treatments, the initial stage of cachexia has been proposed as an important period for prevention and decreasing pathogenesis. In the current study, we found that cachexia-like molecular disorders and muscle weight loss were in progress in gastrocnemius muscle after only 5 days of RA induction in rats, although rheumatoid cachexia symptoms have been reported occurring approximately 45 days after RA induction. Oral administration of coriander slightly restored muscle loss. Moreover, iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics revealed that coriander treatment could partially restore the molecular derangements induced by RA, including impaired carbon metabolism, deteriorated mitochondrial function (tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation), and myofiber-type alterations. Therefore, coriander could be a promising functional food and/or complementary therapy for patients with RA against cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Jia
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (Y.W.); (W.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Ya Wen
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (Y.W.); (W.A.); (K.S.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wanping Aw
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (Y.W.); (W.A.); (K.S.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2, Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Kenji Saito
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (Y.W.); (W.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (Y.W.); (W.A.); (K.S.)
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Mehmood T, Iqbal M, Rafique B. Using least angular regression to model the antibacterial potential of metronidazole complexes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19295. [PMID: 34588489 PMCID: PMC8481541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Imidazole has anti-inflammatory, antituberculotic, antimicrobial, antimycotic, antiviral, and antitumor properties in the human body, to name a few. Metronidazole [1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole] is a widely used antiprotozoan and antibacterial medication. Using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the current study models the antibacterial activity of already synthesised Metronidazole (MTZ) complexes (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$MTZ-Ag-Cl_2CHCOOH$$\end{document}MTZ-Ag-Cl2CHCOOH) against E. coli, B. bronceptica, S. epidermidis, B. pumilus and S. aureus. To characterise the Metronidazole complexes for antibacterial activity against 05 microbes, the least angular regression and least absolute shrinkage selection operators were used. Asymmetric Least Squares was used to correct the spectrum baseline. Least angular regression outperforms cross-validated root mean square error in the fitted models. Using Least angular regression, influential wavelengths that explain the variation in antibacterial activity of Metronidazole complexes were identified and mapped against functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Mehmood
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Mudassir Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rafique
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rafique B, Shafique K, Hamid S, Kalsoom S, Hashim M, Mirza B, Jafri L, Iqbal M. Novel copper complexes of metronidazole and metronidazole benzoate: synthesis, characterization, biological and computational studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:5446-5461. [PMID: 33427586 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1871072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of novel copper complexes of metronidazole benzoate (MTZ Benz), metronidazole (MTZ) in the presence of another ligand; dichloroacetic acid (DCA) were compared and reported in the present work. Different bacterial and fungus strains were ascertained to evaluate the biological potency of the synthesized complexes, that is, Escherichia coli, Bordetella bronceptica, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Baccilus pumilus, Staphylococcus aureus and yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Agar diffusion method was employed to investigate in vitro antibacterial activities of the synthesized metal complexes and the tested parent ligands. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition studies of the synthesized complexes were also carried out. The antibacterial potential and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition studies of complexes were further investigated by molecular docking studies, which supported the experimental results. Significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities were shown by the synthesized complexes. S-1 and S-5 were found to be most inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase having IC50 42.50, 44.80 and 4.52 µg/mL, 4.80 µg/mL, respectively. The newly synthesized copper complexes showed overall better biological activities compared to each parent ligands used.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Rafique
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Shafique
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Hamid
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Kalsoom
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hashim
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Laila Jafri
- Department of Life Sciences, Abasyn University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rajeshwari K, Anantha Lakshmi P, Archana J, Sumakanth M. Ternary Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), and Copper(II) complexes containing metformin and ethylenediamine: Synthesis, characterization, thermal, in vitro DNA binding, in silico molecular docking, and in vivo antihyperglycemic studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Rajeshwari
- Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad India
- Department of Chemistry University College for Women, Osmania University Hyderabad India
| | | | - J. Archana
- Department of Pharmacy RBVRR Women's College of Pharmacy Hyderabad India
| | - M. Sumakanth
- Department of Pharmacy RBVRR Women's College of Pharmacy Hyderabad India
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Pandeya KB, Ganeshpurkar A, Mishra MK. Natural RNA dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors: Molecular docking studies of some biologically active alkaloids of Argemone mexicana. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:109905. [PMID: 32535456 PMCID: PMC7262531 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has become disastrous for world and spread all over. Researchers all around the globe are working to discover a drug to cure from COVID-19. RNA dependent RNA polymerase plays a key role in SARS-CoV-2 replication and thus it could be a potential target for SARS-CoV-2. This study revealed that Protopine, Allocryptopine and (±) 6- Acetonyldihydrochelerythrine could be potential RdRp inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Pandeya
- Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidhyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.), India
| | - Aditya Ganeshpurkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Ram Institute of Technology-Pharmacy, Jabalpur (M.P.), India.
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Ling N, Wang X, Zeng D, Zhang YW, Fang X, Yang HX. Synthesis, characterization and biological assay of three new benzotriazole-based Zn(II) complexes. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Patel SS, Raghuwanshi R, Masood M, Acharya A, Jain SK. Medicinal plants with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:491-529. [PMID: 29303784 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is characterised by hypofunction of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter in the distinct region of brain. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme that metabolises the ACh at synaptic cleft resulting in Alzheimer's disease. Medicinal plants have been used to treat numerous ailments and improve human health from ancient time. A traditional system of medicine is long recognised for its effective management of neurological disorders. The present review confers the scope of some common medicinal plants with a special focus on AChE-mediated central nervous system complications especially Alzheimer's disease. Literature suggests that medicinal plants reduce neuronal dysfunctions by reducing AChE activity in different brain regions. In some instances, activation of AChE activity by medicinal plants also showed therapeutic potential. In conclusion, medicinal plants have a wide scope and possess therapeutic potential to efficiently manage neurological disorders associated with AChE dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ramsaneh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Misha Masood
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Discovering the Health Promoting Potential of Fermented Papaya Preparation—Its Future Perspectives for the Dietary Management of Oxidative Stress During Diabetes. FERMENTATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation4040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The simplistic morphological characteristics of Carica papaya fruit or “pawpaw” should not be the cause for underestimating its potential as a nutraceutical. The market for papaya has been expanding at a staggering rate, partly due to its applicability as a biofortified product, but also due to its phytochemical properties and traditional health benefits. Papaya or formulations of fermented papaya promotion (FPP) display effective free radical scavenging abilities thought to be influenced by its phenolic, carotenoid, flavonoid, or amino acid profile. The antioxidant properties of FPP have been extensively reported in literature to potently target a broad spectrum of free radical-induced diseases ranging from neurological impairments, such as senile dementia, to systemic diseases, to its interference at the cellular level and the support of normal biological ageing processes. FPP has thus been extensively investigated for its ability to exert cellular protective effects and reduce oxidative stress via the mitigation of genetic damage, reduction of lipid peroxidation, and enzymatic inactivation in specific diseases. The focus of this review is to appraise the potential of oxidative stress reduction strategies of FPP and discuss its holistic approach in disease prevention and management, with a particular focus on diabetes and cancer. However, with the current lack of information surrounding its mechanism of action, this review wishes to set the stage and aspire researchers to more profoundly investigate molecular pathways related to how FPP can unequivocally contribute to wellness in an aging population.
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Synthesis, crystal structures, spectroscopic characterization and in vitro antidiabetic studies of new Schiff base Copper(II) complexes. J CHEM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-016-1099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Laribi B, Kouki K, M'Hamdi M, Bettaieb T. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents. Fitoterapia 2015; 103:9-26. [PMID: 25776008 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), a member of the Apiaceae family, is among most widely used medicinal plant, possessing nutritional as well as medicinal properties. Thus, the aim of this updated review is to highlight the importance of coriander as a potential source of bioactive constituents and to summarize their biological activities as well as their different applications from data obtained in recent literature, with critical analysis on the gaps and potential for future investigations. A literature review was carried out by searching on the electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies focusing on the biological and pharmacological activities of coriander seed and herb bioactive constituents. All recent English-language articles published between 2000 and 2014 were searched using the terms 'C. sativum', 'medicinal plant', 'bioactive constituents', and 'biological activities'. Subsequently, coriander seed and herb essential oils have been actively investigated for their chemical composition and biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anxiolytic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-convulsant and anti-cancer activities, among others. Although coriander has been reported to possess a wide range of traditional medicinal uses, no report is available in its effectiveness use in reactive airway diseases such as asthma and bronchiolitis. In brief, the information presented herein will be helpful to create more interest towards this medicinal species by defining novel pharmacological and clinical applications and hence, may be useful in developing new drug formulations in the future or by employing coriander bioactive constituents in combination with conventional drugs to enhance the treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochra Laribi
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43, Av. Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia; Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, BP 47, 4042 Chott Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Karima Kouki
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43, Av. Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud M'Hamdi
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43, Av. Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia; Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, BP 47, 4042 Chott Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Bettaieb
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43, Av. Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
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Aruoma OI, Somanah J, Bourdon E, Rondeau P, Bahorun T. Diabetes as a risk factor to cancer: functional role of fermented papaya preparation as phytonutraceutical adjunct in the treatment of diabetes and cancer. Mutat Res 2014; 768:60-68. [PMID: 24769427 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Oncologists and diabetologists quote scientific data from epidemiological and in vitro studies to show that high levels of insulin and glucose, in combination with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, can heighten the risk of developing cancer amongst patients with diabetes. Although the cancers that have been consistently associated with type 2 diabetes include pancreatic, colorectal, breast and liver cancer, the preponderance of the disease risk factors such as obesity, inflammation, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinaemia (as a result of insulin resistance and oxidative β-cell damage) and the indirect influence of anti-diabetic medications are increasingly being defined. Fermented papaya preparation (FPP) has defined antioxidant and immune-modulating potentials. The ability of FPP influence signaling cascades associated with cell growth and survival presents a rational for chemopreventive adjunct that can be used in combination with traditional redox based therapies that target oxidative stress in the cancer micro environment. It is further suggested that the demonstrated efficacy FPP to control blood glucose, excessive inflammation and modulate free radical-induced oxidative damage which are triggers of liver, bladder, breast and prostate cancers in type 2 diabetics, may favorably mitigate the side effects of ensuing diabetes and cancer therapy. What remains paramount is early cancer detection and early determination of propensity risks for diabetes. The education of patients, proper dietary management and compliance with therapeutic regime directed at cancer and diabetes encapsulate challenges of global magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okezie I Aruoma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, CA, USA.
| | - Jhoti Somanah
- ANDI Center for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Groupe d'Etude sur l'Inflammation Chronique et l'Obésité (GEICO), Université de La Réunion, Plateforme CYROI, Saint Denis, France
| | - Philippe Rondeau
- Groupe d'Etude sur l'Inflammation Chronique et l'Obésité (GEICO), Université de La Réunion, Plateforme CYROI, Saint Denis, France
| | - Theeshan Bahorun
- ANDI Center for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius.
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