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Rezazadeh A, Rasanani MH, Nourmohammadi J, Akhondi M, Vaeaz ZS, Moghadam MH. Evaluation of the effect of the drug on physiotherapy methods on cytokines and chemokines of Covid-19 patients. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MILITARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2022.125.4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous investigations have demonstrated that interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-alpha), in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are considerably increased, and their progressive elevation are clinical threat indicators of disease severity. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of physiotherapy, specifically chest physiotherapy, on different cytokines in Covid-19 and non-covid-19 patients. The main complications and symptoms of this virus are as follows; a dry cough, fever, and progressive dyspnea. Quickly, the coronavirus, which is named SARS-CoV-21, has spread worldwide, causing severe lung inflammation, respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac and renal injury, especially in comorbidities patients. Approximately 96% of the cases experience mild respiratory symptoms; some progress to pneumonia, respiratory insufficiency, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. The overall mortality rate per number of diagnosed cases is 4.6%; it can range from 0.2% to 15% according to age and health problems. Combination MeSH and text terms were used to perform the search strategy. Interventions in RCTs and clinical trials with or without comparison were assessed. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies demonstrated that physiotherapy could have an effect on TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β and CRP.
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Martinez-Calderon J, de-la-Casa-Almeida M, Matias-Soto J. The Effects of Mind-Body Exercises on Chronic Spinal Pain Outcomes: A Synthesis Based on 72 Meta-Analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912062. [PMID: 36231365 PMCID: PMC9564899 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An umbrella review of systematic reviews with a meta-analysis was developed to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of qigong, tai chi, and yoga in chronic spinal pain outcomes. The CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed and SPORTDiscus databases were searched. Pain, psychological factors, and quality of life (QOL) were the outcomes of interest. The methodological quality of the reviews was evaluated using the AMSTAR-2 tool. The overlap was calculated using the corrected covered area. A total of 72 meta-analyses drawn from 20 systematic reviews were included and often were rated at a critically low quality. The effects of qigong on chronic low back and neck pain (CLBP and CNP, respectively) were inconsistent, although it improved the physical component of QOL after 12 weeks for CNP. Tai chi was superior to the controls in reducing CLBP; no reviews of interest were found on CNP. Yoga was superior to multiple controls in reducing CLBP, but no relevant effects on depression or QOL were found. QOL, anxiety, depression, and general mood improved with yoga for CNP. Inconsistencies arose related to yoga and CNP. Our findings mainly supported the potential effects of yoga and tai chi on pain-related outcomes, psychological factors, and QOL in populations with CLBP and NP. Clinical and methodological considerations were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martinez-Calderon
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
- Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, Spirituality (UMSS) Research Group, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria de-la-Casa-Almeida
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954-486-520
| | - Javier Matias-Soto
- Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, Spirituality (UMSS) Research Group, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, 3, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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Physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Menopause 2022; 29:1222-1229. [PMID: 35969888 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The apparent cardioprotective effects of endogenous estrogens to prevent cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women are reduced with the loss of estrogen post-menopause. Cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors are closely related to physical activity levels. OBJECTIVE This study conducted a critical assessment of studies for health prevention that analyze the effects of physical activity programs on cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors in women, comparing premenopausal and postmenopausal states, through a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. EVIDENCE REVIEW A computerized literature search was performed to include articles up until December 2021 in the following online databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, SportDiscus, and Web of Science. Regarding physical activity intervention, women of all ages were engaged. The PEDro scale and Oxford's evidence levels were used for the assessment of the risk of bias in the included articles. FINDINGS Fourteen scientific articles met the inclusion criteria. Great variability was found in physical activity variables. All the studies found an improvement in at least one variable. The risk of bias was high, with all the articles obtaining a low methodological quality, except two with high methodological quality. Only one article considered the differences in the menopausal state observing the effects of physical activity intervention and highlighting the importance of physical activity in both states. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE To strengthen the evidence for the benefits of physical activity programs in women and to observe the effects depending on their menopausal state, there is an ongoing need for more rigorous randomized controlled trials of appropriate length and dose, with individualized exercise intensity.
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Effects of Tai Chi on biomarkers and their implication to neurorehabilitation – a systemic review. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Xu S, Baker JS, Ren F. The Positive Role of Tai Chi in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7479. [PMID: 34299925 PMCID: PMC8307944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a significant threat to both people's physical and mental health. Physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and negative emotions among the general population have been significantly increased because of COVID-19 home confinement. These are major risk factors associated with higher incidences of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, effective exercise management should be proposed as a prevention strategy to improve both physical and mental health while diminishing the effects of COVID-19. Tai Chi as a low-to-moderate aerobic exercise combines physical and mental training and plays a positive impact on human health. Here we aim to outline the effects of Tai Chi on the immune system, inflammatory responses, pulmonary function, and emotional control. The benefits of Tai Chi practice for individuals coping with COVID-19 are stated here which include immune system promotion, inflammation response reduction, rehabilitation in respiratory diseases, and emotional improvement. This statement has been supported by available clinical, physiological, and biological research. As a result, we hope to introduce Tai Chi as an effective exercise intervention for people coping with COVID-19 and as a beneficial exercise for maintaining an active lifestyle during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suodi Xu
- Department of Physical Education, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo 315175, China;
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Feng Ren
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Chau JPC, Leung LYL, Liu X, Lo SHS, Choi KC, Zhao J, Chiang HCY. Effects of Tai Chi on health outcomes among community-dwelling adults with or at risk of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 44:101445. [PMID: 34260997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review evaluated the effects of Tai Chi on health outcomes among community-dwelling adults with or at risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched in 10 databases. Data were statistically pooled for meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty RCTs were included. One study involved adults with MetS, and the other 19 studies involved adults with at least one risk factor for MetS. Tai Chi was found to reduce waist circumference and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in obese adults. Tai Chi also reduces waist circumference, body mass index, blood glucose level, insulin resistance, and increases the quality of life (QoL) in adults with elevated blood glucose/type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Among participants with hypertension, Tai Chi improves blood pressure, lipid profiles, anxiety, depression, and physical QoL. CONCLUSIONS Tai Chi may be effective for enhancing the physiological and psychosocial wellbeing of community-dwelling adults at risk of MetS. Further RCTs are needed to examine its effects in adults with MetS and identify optimal regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janita Pak Chun Chau
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Leona Yuen Ling Leung
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xu Liu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Suzanne Hoi Shan Lo
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Chow Choi
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Helen Chung Yan Chiang
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Susceptibility of Women to Cardiovascular Disease and the Prevention Potential of Mind-Body Intervention by Changes in Neural Circuits and Cardiovascular Physiology. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050708. [PMID: 34068722 PMCID: PMC8151888 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Women have been reported to be more vulnerable to the development, prognosis and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, yet the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and strategies to overcome them are still relatively undeveloped. Studies show that women's brains are more sensitive to factors affecting mental health such as depression and stress than men's brains. In women, poor mental health increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, and conversely, cardiovascular disease increases the incidence of mental illness such as depression. In connection with mental health and cardiovascular health, the presence of gender differences in brain activation, cortisol secretion, autonomic nervous system, vascular health and inflammatory response has been observed. This connection suggests that strategies to manage women's mental health can contribute to preventing cardiovascular disease. Mind-body interventions, such as meditation, yoga and qigong are forms of exercise that strive to actively manage both mind and body. They can provide beneficial effects on stress reduction and mental health. They are also seen as structurally and functionally changing the brain, as well as affecting cortisol secretion, blood pressure, heart rate variability, immune reactions and reducing menopausal symptoms, thus positively affecting women's cardiovascular health. In this review, we investigate the link between mental health, brain activation, HPA axis, autonomic nervous system, blood pressure and immune system associated with cardiovascular health in women and discuss the effects of mind-body intervention in modulating these factors.
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Circulating Mediators of Apoptosis and Inflammation in Aging; Physical Exercise Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063165. [PMID: 33808526 PMCID: PMC8003155 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass caused by many cellular mechanisms and also by lifestyle factors such as low daily physical activity. In addition, it has been shown that sarcopenia may be associated with inflammation and cognitive impairment in old age. Regular exercise is key in reducing inflammation and preventing sarcopenia and diseases related to cognitive impairment. The study was designed to assess the impact of exercise training on circulating apoptotic and inflammatory markers of sarcopenia in older adults. Eighty older adults aged 70.5 ± 5.8 years were randomized to the physically active group who participated in a 10-month Tai-Chi training session (TC, n = 40) and the control group who participated in health education sessions (HE, n = 40). Tai-Chi training caused a significant decrease in fat mass (FM) by 3.02 ± 3.99%, but an increase in appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) by 1.76 ± 3.17% and gait speed by 9.07 ± 11.45%. Tai-Chi training elevated the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), and tumor necrosis receptor factor II (TNFRII), and decreased caspases 8 and 9. Despite the increase in TNFα, apoptosis was not initiated, i.e., the cell-free DNA level did not change in the TC group. The study demonstrated that Tai-Chi training significantly reduced the symptoms of sarcopenia through the changes in body composition and physical performance, and improvements in cytokine-related mechanisms of apoptosis.
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Oh B, Bae K, Lamoury G, Eade T, Boyle F, Corless B, Clarke S, Yeung A, Rosenthal D, Schapira L, Back M. The Effects of Tai Chi and Qigong on Immune Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E39. [PMID: 32629903 PMCID: PMC7400467 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7070039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Effective preventative health interventions are essential to maintain well-being among healthcare professionals and the public, especially during times of health crises. Several studies have suggested that Tai Chi and Qigong (TQ) have positive impacts on the immune system and its response to inflammation. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current evidence of the effects of TQ on these parameters. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted on databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase and ScienceDirect). Searches were performed using the following keywords: "Tai Chi or Qigong" and "immune system, immune function, immunity, Immun*, inflammation and cytokines". Studies published as full-text randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English were included. Estimates of change in the levels of immune cells and inflammatory biomarkers were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis where randomised comparisons were available for TQ versus active controls and TQ versus non-active controls. Results: Nineteen RCTs were selected for review with a total of 1686 participants and a range of 32 to 252 participants within the studies. Overall, a random-effects meta-analysis found that, compared with control conditions, TQ has a significant small effect of increasing the levels of immune cells (SMD, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.43, p = 0.00), I2 = 45%, but not a significant effect on reducing the levels of inflammation (SMD, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.39 to 0.09, p = 0.21), I2 = 85%, as measured by the systemic inflammation biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) and cell mediated biomarker cytokines. This difference in results is due to the bidirectional regulation of cytokines. An overall risk of bias assessment found three RCTs with a low risk of bias, six RCTs with some concerns of bias, and ten RCTs with a high risk of bias. Conclusions: Current evidence indicates that practising TQ has a physiologic impact on immune system functioning and inflammatory responses. Rigorous studies are needed to guide clinical guidelines and harness the power of TQ to promote health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeongsang Oh
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
- The Mater Hospital, North Sydney NSW 2060, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Kyeore Bae
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
- Center for Immunity and Pain, Kwanghye Hospital, Seoul 06174, Korea
| | - Gillian Lamoury
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
- The Mater Hospital, North Sydney NSW 2060, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Thomas Eade
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
- The Mater Hospital, North Sydney NSW 2060, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Frances Boyle
- The Mater Hospital, North Sydney NSW 2060, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Brian Corless
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Stephen Clarke
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Albert Yeung
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.Y.); (D.R.)
| | - David Rosenthal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.Y.); (D.R.)
| | - Lidia Schapira
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Michael Back
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia; (K.B.); (G.L.); (T.E.); (B.C.); (S.C.); (M.B.)
- The Mater Hospital, North Sydney NSW 2060, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia
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11
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Shattuck EC, Muehlenbein MP. Religiosity/Spirituality and Physiological Markers of Health. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:1035-1054. [PMID: 29978269 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The long-standing interest in the effects of religiosity and spirituality (R/S) on health outcomes has given rise to a large and diverse literature. We conducted a meta-analysis on research involving R/S and physiological markers of health to elucidate both the scope and mechanism(s) of this phenomenon. A combined analysis found a significant, but small, beneficial effect. Subgroup analyses found that some measures of both extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity were significantly associated with health. Several outcome measures, including blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular health markers, were significantly associated with R/S. Our findings suggest that R/S benefits health, perhaps through minimizing the disruptive effects of stress/depression on inflammation. We hope that researchers can use these results to guide efforts aimed at elucidating the true mechanism(s) linking religious/spiritual beliefs and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Shattuck
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97173, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
- Institute for Health Disparities Research, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Michael P Muehlenbein
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97173, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
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Xia T, Hu H, Seritan AL, Eisendrath S. The Many Roads to Mindfulness: A Review of Nonmindfulness-Based Interventions that Increase Mindfulness. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:874-889. [PMID: 31241348 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2019.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have become increasingly popular for treating various physical and mental disorders. An increase in mindfulness levels through the teaching of mindfulness meditation is the most well-studied mechanism of MBIs. Recent studies, however, suggest that an increase in mindfulness is also observed in physical or psychosocial interventions not explicitly labeled as MBIs, or what the authors call non-MBIs. The authors aimed to review what non-MBIs can increase mindfulness levels despite not explicitly teaching mindfulness meditation. Design: The authors conducted a literature search for studies that included a non-MBI study arm measuring pre- and postintervention mindfulness levels using one of the following eight validated self-reported mindfulness questionnaires: Five-Faceted Mindfulness Questionnaire, Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale, Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory, Toronto Mindfulness Scale, Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale, Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills, Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure, and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised. The authors identified 69 non-MBI study arms from 51 independent studies of the non-MBI itself or as active controls of an MBI under investigation. The authors documented or calculated, if not provided, effect sizes (ES) for changes in mindfulness levels following these interventions. Results: Among the 69 non-MBI arms, 36 showed no effect for change in mindfulness (ES <0.20), 3 were indeterminate (no ES available or unable to calculate), 13 had small effects (0.20 < ES <0.5), 13 had medium effects (0.50 < ES <0.80), 3 had large effects (0.80 < ES <1.3), and 1 had a very large effect (ES >1.3) for change in mindfulness. Conclusions: Analysis of the characteristics of non-MBIs with significant increases in mindfulness levels suggested some commonalities between MBIs and non-MBIs, shedding light on a spectrum of mindfulness-related interventions and the possibility that there are many roads to developing mindfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Xia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hiroe Hu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA
| | - Andreea L Seritan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Stuart Eisendrath
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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You T, Ogawa EF. Effects of T'ai Chi on Chronic Systemic Inflammation. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:656-658. [PMID: 31135175 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2019.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tongjian You
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA
| | - Elisa F Ogawa
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To contribute to the treatment fidelity literature by providing real-world examples and suggestion for future research and potential clinical application, this article reports on implementation, assessment, and evaluation of treatment fidelity in mind-body self-care approaches in at-risk women. METHOD Aligning with best practices, treatment fidelity was integrated into three randomized clinical trials. The first examined the effects of a tai chi intervention designed to decrease cardiometabolic risk factors in women; the second examined the effects of a tailored guided imagery intervention on pregnancy outcomes in African American women; and the third explored effects of a mindful physical activity intervention (yoga) on psychological outcomes in women with moderate to severe depressive symptoms. FINDINGS Each of the studies successfully designed, implemented, and evaluated strategies to address recommended treatment fidelity components. These strategies provided qualitative and quantitative data that informed intervention refinement, directions for future research, and application in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS The treatment fidelity framework used here is based on best practices and was a feasible and reliable approach for ensuring and reporting on treatment fidelity, which is contributing to future research to foster translation of potentially effective mind-body self-care approaches into practice.
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Lauche R, Peng W, Ferguson C, Cramer H, Frawley J, Adams J, Sibbritt D. Efficacy of Tai Chi and qigong for the prevention of stroke and stroke risk factors: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8517. [PMID: 29137055 PMCID: PMC5690748 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review aims to summarize the evidence of Tai Chi and qigong interventions for the primary prevention of stroke, including the effects on populations with major stroke risk factors. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted on January 16, 2017 using the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases. Randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of Tai Chi or qigong for stroke prevention and stroke risk factors were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RESULTS Twenty-one trials with n = 1604 patients with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, overweight or obesity, or metabolic syndrome were included. No trials were found that examined the effects of Tai Chi/qigong on stroke incidence. Meta-analyses revealed significant, but not robust, benefits of Tai Chi/qigong over no interventions for hypertension (systolic blood pressure: -15.55 mm Hg (95% CI: -21.16; -9.95); diastolic blood pressure: -10.66 mm Hg (95% CI: -14.90, -6.43); the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index (-2.86%; 95% CI: -5.35, -0.38) and fasting blood glucose (-9.6 mg/dL; 95% CI: -17.28, -1.91), and for the body mass index compared with exercise controls (-1.65 kg/m; 95% CI: -3.11, -0.20). Risk of bias was unclear or high for the majority of trials and domains, and heterogeneity between trials was high. Only 6 trials adequately reported safety. No recommendation for the use of Tai Chi/qigong for the prevention of stroke can be given. CONCLUSION Although Tai Chi and qigong show some potential more robust studies are required to provide conclusive evidence on the efficacy and safety of Tai Chi and qigong for reducing major stroke risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Lauche
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM)
| | - Wenbo Peng
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM)
| | - Caleb Ferguson
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Holger Cramer
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM)
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jane Frawley
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM)
| | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM)
| | - David Sibbritt
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM)
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Psychometric Evaluation of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Fatigue-Short Form Across Diverse Populations. Nurs Res 2017; 65:279-89. [PMID: 27362514 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for reliable, valid tools to measure patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is critical both for research and for evaluating treatment effects in practice. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Fatigue-Short Form v1.0-Fatigue 7a (PROMIS F-SF) has had limited psychometric evaluation in various populations. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study is to examine psychometric properties of PROMIS F-SF item responses across various populations. METHODS Data from five studies with common data elements were used in this secondary analysis. Samples from patients with fibromyalgia, sickle cell disease, cardiometabolic risk, pregnancy, and healthy controls were used. Reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha. Dimensionality was evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was evaluated by examining Pearson's correlations between scores from the PROMIS F-SF, the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form, and the Brief Fatigue Inventory. Discriminant validity was evaluated by examining Pearson's correlations between scores on the PROMIS F-SF and measures of stress and depressive symptoms. Known groups validity was assessed by comparing PROMIS F-SF scores in the clinical samples to healthy controls. RESULTS Reliability of PROMIS F-SF scores was adequate across samples, ranging from .72 in the pregnancy sample to .88 in healthy controls. Unidimensionality was supported in each sample. Concurrent validity was strong; across the groups, correlations with scores on the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form and Brief Fatigue Inventory ranged from .60 to .85. Correlations of the PROMIS F-SF with measures of stress and depressive mood were moderate to strong, ranging from .37 to .64. PROMIS F-SF scores were significantly higher in clinical samples compared to healthy controls. DISCUSSION Reliability and validity of the PROMIS F-SF were acceptable. The PROMIS F-SF is a suitable measure of fatigue across the four diverse clinical populations included in the analysis.
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Huston P. Bienfaits du tai-chi sur la santé. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2016; 62:e645-e654. [PMID: 28661882 PMCID: PMC9844564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectif Résumer les données probantes sur les bienfaits du tai-chi sur la santé. Sources d’information Une revue de la littérature sur les bienfaits du tai-chi sur 25 affections différentes, de même que sur la santé en général et sur la forme physique, a été effectuée afin d’actualiser une revue des revues systématiques effectuée en 2014. Les revues systématiques et les essais cliniques récents ont été évalués et organisés en 5 groupes : données excellentes, bonnes, acceptables ou préliminaires, étayant un bienfait ou n’étayant aucun bienfait direct. Message principal Au cours des 45 dernières années, plus de 500 essais et 120 revues systématiques ont été publiés sur les bienfaits du tai-chi sur la santé. Les revues systématiques sur le tai-chi pour différentes affections ont donné lieu à d’excellentes données étayant un bienfait pour la prévention des chutes, l’arthrose, la maladie de Parkinson, la réadaptation dans les cas de maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique et l’amélioration de la capacité cognitive chez les personnes âgées. Il existe de bonnes données étayant un bienfait pour la dépression, la réadaptation cardiaque et après un AVC et la démence. Les données étayant un bienfait pour l’amélioration de la qualité de vie des patients atteints de cancer, de fibromyalgie, d’hypertension et d’ostéoporose sont acceptables. Les données actuelles étayent l’absence d’un bienfait direct pour le diabète, la polyarthrite rhumatoïde ou l’insuffisance cardiaque chronique. Les revues systématiques portant sur les bienfaits sur la santé en général et la forme physique font état d’excellentes données étayant un bienfait pour l’amélioration de l’équilibre et de la capacité aérobique chez les personnes en mauvaise forme physique. Les données étayant une plus grande force dans les membres inférieurs sont bonnes. Les données étayant une amélioration du bien-être et du sommeil sont acceptables. Aucune étude n’a révélé que le tai-chi aggravait une affection. Une récente revue systématique sur l’innocuité du tai-chi a révélé que les événements indésirables étaient habituellement mineurs et principalement de nature musculosquelettique; aucun événement indésirable grave lié au tai-chi n’a été rapporté. Conclusion Il existe d’abondantes données étayant les effets du tai-chi sur la santé et la forme physique. En s’appuyant sur ces données, les médecins peuvent maintenant faire des recommandations éclairées à leurs patients, en précisant que le tai-chi fait toujours l’objet de recherches. Aussi, toute affection clinique doit faire l’objet d’un suivi médical continu.
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Huston P. Health benefits of tai chi: What is the evidence? CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2016; 62:881-890. [PMID: 28661865 PMCID: PMC9844554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the evidence on the health benefits of tai chi. SOURCES OF INFORMATION A literature review was conducted on the benefits of tai chi for 25 specific conditions, as well as for general health and fitness, to update a 2014 review of systematic reviews. Systematic reviews and recent clinical trials were assessed and organized into 5 different groups: evidence of benefit as excellent, good, fair, or preliminary, or evidence of no direct benefit. MAIN MESSAGE During the past 45 years more than 500 trials and 120 systematic reviews have been published on the health benefits of tai chi. Systematic reviews of tai chi for specific conditions indicate excellent evidence of benefit for preventing falls, osteoarthritis, Parkinson disease, rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and improving cognitive capacity in older adults. There is good evidence of benefit for depression, cardiac and stroke rehabilitation, and dementia. There is fair evidence of benefit for improving quality of life for cancer patients, fibromyalgia, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Current evidence indicates no direct benefit for diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or chronic heart failure. Systematic reviews of general health and fitness benefits show excellent evidence of benefit for improving balance and aerobic capacity in those with poor fitness. There is good evidence for increased strength in the lower limbs. There is fair evidence for increased well-being and improved sleep. There were no studies that found tai chi worsened a condition. A recent systematic review on the safety of tai chi found adverse events were typically minor and primarily musculoskeletal; no intervention-related serious adverse events have been reported. CONCLUSION There is abundant evidence on the health and fitness effects of tai chi. Based on this, physicians can now offer evidence-based recommendations to their patients, noting that tai chi is still an area of active research, and patients should continue to receive medical follow-up for any clinical conditions.
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