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Pedergnana A, Seiler R, Huber R, Eppenberger P, Rühli F. Insights into medieval rural lives: A paleo-odontological investigation of two central European communities. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105985. [PMID: 38703544 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral status is an important indicator of past lifestyles. Determining the presence and extent of oral pathologies helps reconstruct average oral health, paramasticatory activities and diet of ancient and historical populations. DESIGN In this study, the dental remains from the early medieval cemetery of Früebergstrasse in Baar (Canton of Zug, Switzerland) and the high medieval Dalheim cemetery (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) were analyzed. Caries, periodontal condition, periapical lesions, antemortem tooth loss, and enamel hypoplasia were assessed in 654 teeth (993 observable loci) from 68 individuals (Baar: n = 36; Dalheim: n = 32). RESULTS The oral status of both populations was affected by age with higher values of tooth wear in advanced age individuals. High tooth wear values in both populations point towards the consumption of abrasive foods. Pronounced anterior tooth wear in Baar may also be due to non-masticatory tooth usage. Finally, possible nutritional deficiencies were hypothesized for the Baar population. A higher caries prevalence was observed in the Baar group, probably due to differences in carbohydrate intake. The oral conditions observed in the two studied populations exhibited several analogies, suggesting comparable lifestyles despite their separation in space and time. The only differences observed are related to the use of teeth as "tools" and are thus determined by behavioral choices rather than diverse socioeconomic factors. CONCLUSIONS Using multiple dental parameters to examine the oral health of premodern individuals can provide useful insights into the interactions between humans and their environment, from dietary patterns to paramasticatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pedergnana
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine - University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; South Tyrol Archeological Museum, Bozen, Italy; Institute for Mummy Studies, Eurac Research, Bozen, Italy.
| | - Roger Seiler
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine - University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renata Huber
- Amt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie, Canton Zug, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Eppenberger
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine - University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rühli
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine - University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Wood PL, Le A, Palazzolo DL. Comparative Lipidomics of Oral Commensal and Opportunistic Bacteria. Metabolites 2024; 14:240. [PMID: 38668368 PMCID: PMC11052126 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity contains a vast array of microbes that contribute to the balance between oral health and disease. In addition, oral bacteria can gain access to the circulation and contribute to other diseases and chronic conditions. There are a limited number of publications available regarding the comparative lipidomics of oral bacteria and fungi involved in the construction of oral biofilms, hence our decision to study the lipidomics of representative oral bacteria and a fungus. We performed high-resolution mass spectrometric analyses (<2.0 ppm mass error) of the lipidomes from five Gram-positive commensal bacteria: Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii; five Gram-positive opportunistic bacteria: Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus epidermis, Streptococcus acidominimus, Actinomyces viscosus, and Nanosynbacter lyticus; seven Gram-negative opportunistic bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis. Prevotella brevis, Proteus vulgaris, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Veillonella parvula, Treponema denticola, and Alkermansia muciniphila; and one fungus: Candida albicans. Our mass spectrometric analytical platform allowed for a detailed evaluation of the many structural modifications made by microbes for the three major lipid scaffolds: glycerol, sphingosine and fatty acyls of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. Wood
- Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy., Harrogate, TN 37752, USA
| | - Annie Le
- Clinical Training Program, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy., Harrogate, TN 37752, USA
| | - Dominic L. Palazzolo
- Department of Physiology, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy., Harrogate, TN 37752, USA;
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3
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Li R, Wang J, Xiong W, Luo Y, Feng H, Zhou H, Peng Y, He Y, Ye Q. The oral-brain axis: can periodontal pathogens trigger the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease? Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358179. [PMID: 38362505 PMCID: PMC10868393 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, characterized by a progressive cognitive decline. Sporadic AD, accounting for more than 95% of cases, may arise due to the influence of environmental factors. It was reported that periodontitis, a common oral ailment, shares several risk factors with AD, including advanced age, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension, among others. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease triggered by dysbiosis of oral microorganisms, whereas Alzheimer's disease is characterized by neuroinflammation. Many studies have indicated that chronic inflammation can instigate brain AD-related pathologies, including amyloid-β plaques, Tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. The potential involvement of periodontal pathogens and/or their virulence factors in the onset and progression of AD by the oral-brain axis has garnered significant attention among researchers with ongoing investigations. This review has updated the periodontal pathogens potentially associated with AD, elucidating their impact on the central nervous system, immune response, and related pathological processes in the brain to provide valuable insights for future research on the oral-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junnan Wang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixian Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Youjian Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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4
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Sadiqa A, Khan MK. Mediators of Periodontitis complementing the development of Neural Disorders. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40:214-221. [PMID: 38196480 PMCID: PMC10772422 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.40.1.8097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
As a common oral health concern, periodontitis has been a source of attention for the global health community because of its linkage with systemic and neurological diseases. The purpose of the present study is to reveal the mediating role of specific cytokines, neuropeptides, and pathogens in the association of chronic periodontitis and neural disorders. To find the related literature different search engines namely PMC, Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar were explored for a study period of five months from October 2022 to February 2023. This review offers a summary of those neuronal diseases that were more related to human behaviors in association with chronic periodontitis. Those neuronal pathologies mainly included Alzheimer's disease, psychosis, stress, anxiety, dementia, Alzheimer's, major depressive disorder, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which may otherwise remain subside or even control in the absence of chronic periodontitis and its mediators. Specifically, periodontitis related specific cytokines i.e. IL-6, IL-1, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha1-antichymotrypsin, neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), neuropeptide Y, substance P, neurokinin A, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and a polybacterial pathogenic consortium of porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola, were involved in the mediation and exacerbation of the associated neuronal cognitive pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sadiqa
- Ayesha Sadiqa, BDS, M.Phil., Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Munsara Khalid Khan
- Munsara Khalid Khan, BDS. House Officer, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
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5
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Eslami S, Hosseinzadeh Shakib N, Fooladfar Z, Nasrollahian S, Baghaei S, Mosaddad SA, Motamedifar M. The role of periodontitis-associated bacteria in Alzheimer's disease: A narrative review. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:1059-1072. [PMID: 37311215 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease causes memory loss and dementia in older adults through a neurodegenerative mechanism. Despite the pathophysiological clarification of this cognitive disorder, novel molecular and cellular pathways should be identified to determine its exact mechanism. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by senile plaques comprising beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by hyperphosphorylated tau as a microtubule-associated protein with a key role in the pathogenesis of AD. Periodontitis through inflammatory pathways is a risk factor for deteriorating cognitive impairment in AD patients. Poor oral hygiene coupled with immunocompromised status in older adults causes periodontal diseases and chronic inflammations through an oral bacterial imbalance. Toxic bacterial products, including bacteria themselves, can reach the central nervous system through the bloodstream and evoke inflammatory responses. The present review was conducted to investigate relationships between AD and periodontitis-involved bacteria as a risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Eslami
- Research Central Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Fooladfar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Nasrollahian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saman Baghaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Motamedifar
- HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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6
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Banakar M, Sadabadi Y, Mehran M, Abbasi F. Beyond the mouth: the impact of periodontal disease on dementia. Evid Based Dent 2023; 24:138-139. [PMID: 37558763 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
DATA SOURCES The authors searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO for relevant studies published until April 2022. STUDY SELECTION Longitudinal studies that assessed periodontal health as the exposure and cognitive decline and/or dementia as the outcome were included. Case reports, reviews, cross-sectional studies, and animal studies were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two authors independently reviewed studies for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed study quality. Meta-analysis was conducted to generate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for cognitive decline and hazard ratios (HRs) for dementia. Sources of heterogeneity were explored through subgroup analyses. RESULTS A total of 24 studies were included for cognitive decline and 23 for dementia. Poor periodontal health was associated with increased odds of cognitive decline (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.05-1.44) and dementia (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.07-1.38). Tooth loss also appeared to increase the risk independently. However, significant heterogeneity existed between studies. CONCLUSIONS Poor periodontal health may increase the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but the quality of evidence was low. Further high-quality, longitudinal studies with standardized assessments are needed to establish causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yoones Sadabadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Mehran
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Abbasi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Lohiya DV, Mehendale AM, Lohiya DV, Lahoti HS, Agrawal VN. Effects of Periodontitis on Major Organ Systems. Cureus 2023; 15:e46299. [PMID: 37915876 PMCID: PMC10616634 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the fact that oral disorders are not merely localized to the mouth; in a broader sense, they also have a more significant impact on systemic health. In this review, we tried to bring to the notice various complications of periodontitis on the body's major organ systems. It has also been suggested that there is a potential connection between periodontitis and certain systemic disorders. Reviewing this fascinating topic is necessary. The objective is to create a thorough body of knowledge on the subject that is simple to access, alert medical professionals to the connection between dental health and systemic health, and highlight the necessity of a more thorough incorporation of medical and dental training. Periodontitis is a probable risk factor for various problems connected to the cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, musculoskeletal, central nervous, and reproductive systems. It is a continual likely source of infection. Oral health affects overall health, and if extensive healthcare is ever accomplished, dental health should never be considered a distinct, remote, and lower significant part of health wholly disconnected from quality of life. One should never underestimate oral disorders as being acute and always curable. People should take utmost care and take the condition seriously to prevent significant complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drishti V Lohiya
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashok M Mehendale
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Divya V Lohiya
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Harsh S Lahoti
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Vidhi N Agrawal
- Otolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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8
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Wang Y, Xiao Y, Zhang Y. A systematic comparison of machine learning algorithms to develop and validate prediction model to predict heart failure risk in middle-aged and elderly patients with periodontitis (NHANES 2009 to 2014). Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34878. [PMID: 37653785 PMCID: PMC10470756 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is increasingly associated with heart failure, and the goal of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model based on machine learning algorithms for the risk of heart failure in middle-aged and elderly participants with periodontitis. We analyzed data from a total of 2876 participants with a history of periodontitis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009 to 2014, with a training set of 1980 subjects with periodontitis from the NHANES 2009 to 2012 and an external validation set of 896 subjects from the NHANES 2013 to 2014. The independent risk factors for heart failure were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, gradient boosting machine, and multilayer perceptron were used on the training set to construct the models. The performance of the machine learning models was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation on the training set and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis in the validation set. Based on the results of univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression, it was found that age, race, myocardial infarction, and diabetes mellitus status were independent predictors of the risk of heart failure in participants with periodontitis. Six machine learning models, including logistic regression, K-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, gradient boosting machine, and multilayer perceptron, were built on the training set, respectively. The area under the ROC for the 6 models was obtained using 10-fold cross-validation with values of 0 848, 0.936, 0.859, 0.889, 0.927, and 0.666, respectively. The areas under the ROC on the external validation set were 0.854, 0.949, 0.647, 0.933, 0.855, and 0.74, respectively. K-nearest neighbor model got the best prediction performance across all models. Out of 6 machine learning models, the K-nearest neighbor algorithm model performed the best. The prediction model offers early, individualized diagnosis and treatment plans and assists in identifying the risk of heart failure occurrence in middle-aged and elderly patients with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Medical University, The Third Clinical Medical College, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Fuzhou City, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Medical University, The Third Clinical Medical College, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Fuzhou City, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Medical University, The Third Clinical Medical College, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Fuzhou City, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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9
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Bordoni B, Escher AR, Cannadoro G, Tobbi F. The Cognitive and Emotional Aspect in Fibromyalgia: The Importance of the Orofacial Sphere. Cureus 2023; 15:e36380. [PMID: 36945233 PMCID: PMC10025772 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a systemic and multifactorial disease of unknown etiology. There are many co-morbidities that the patient presents, making the clinical picture not immediate. Cognitive decline and emotional alteration (anxiety and depression) are found in fibromyalgic patients, as well as temporomandibular joint arthrokinematic disorders, dental malocclusion, and periodontitis. There seems to be a biunivocal relationship between oral and psychiatric dysfunctions in fibromyalgia. The article reviews the information regarding oral health alterations with respect to the patient's cognitive and emotional response, as the most recent information we have raises new hypotheses about the diagnosis of FMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foundation Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, ITA
| | - Allan R Escher
- Anesthesiology/Pain Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | | | - Filippo Tobbi
- Osteopathy, Poliambulatorio Medico e Odontoiatrico, Varese, ITA
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10
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Fan Z, Tang P, Li C, Yang Q, Xu Y, Su C, Li L. Fusobacterium nucleatum and its associated systemic diseases: epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2145729. [PMID: 36407281 PMCID: PMC9673791 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2145729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an anaerobic oral commensal and the major coaggregation bridge organism linking early and late colonisers. In recent years, a large number of studies suggest that F. nucleatum is closely related to the development of various systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, respiratory infection, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Objective To review the effect of F. nucleatum on systemic diseases and its possible pathogenesis and to open new avenues for prevention and treatment of F. nucleatum-associated systemic diseases. Design The research included every article published up to July 2022 featuring the keywords 'Systemic diseases' OR 'Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases' OR 'Atherosclerosis' OR 'Adverse pregnancy outcomes' OR 'Inflammatory bowel disease' OR 'Ulcerative colitis' OR 'Crohn’s disease' OR 'Cancers' OR 'Oral squamous cell carcinomas' OR 'Gastrointestinal cancers' OR 'Colorectal cancer' OR 'Breast cancer' OR 'Genitourinary cancers' OR 'Alzheimer’s disease ' OR 'Rheumatoid arthritis' OR 'Respiratory diseases' AND 'Fusobacterium nucleatum' OR 'Periodontal pathogen' OR 'Oral microbiota' OR 'Porphyromonas gingivalis' and was conducted in the major medical databases. Results F. nucleatum can induce immune response and inflammation in the body through direct or indirect pathways, and thus affect the occurrence and development of systemic diseases. Only by continuing to investigate the pathogenic lifestyles of F. nucleatum will we discover the divergent pathways that may be leveraged for diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Fan
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengzhou Tang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuan Su
- State KeyLaboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Liu Y, Qv W, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Ding C, Chu M, Chen F. The interplay between oral microbes and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbes play a critical role in maintaining oral homeostasis. Microbial dysbiosis promotes disease pathogenesis through several mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that microbial imbalance and sustained inflammation are involved in disease progression. The adverse interaction triggered by a host immune response to microorganisms can lead to oral and systemic diseases. Here, we reviewed how oral microbes communicate with hosts during the development of local and distant inflammation. Elucidation of these processes may reveal future directions in this field and the potential targets of novel biological therapies for oral and systemic diseases.
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12
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Hassona Y, Salim NA, Tarboush N, Sartawi S, Alrashdan M, Rajab L, Sawair F. Knowledge about oral manifestations of systemic diseases among medical and dental students from Jordan: An interdisciplinary educational gap. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2022; 42:383-389. [PMID: 34984709 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of medical students to recognize oral manifestation of selected systemic diseases and compare their performance with dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 400 senior medical and dental students were approached to participate. The study protocol involved two parts; a self-administered survey and a direct interview involving clinical photographs for oral signs of systemic diseases. RESULTS A total of 283 (70.8%) agreed to participate and completed the two- part study. The study population was made of 110 (38.9%) [82 females and 28 males] dental students, and 173(61.1%) [98 females and 75 males] medical students. The knowledge score regarding questions about the normal mouth and oral structures was 15.7 ± 6 out of 22. Dental students had a significantly higher knowledge score about normal mouth and oral structures (20.9 ± 4; range from 17 to 22) compared to medical students (10.6 ± 7; range from 4 to 21) (p = .029). The knowledge score regarding questions about oral manifestations of systemic diseases was 26.8 ± 6 out of 40. Dental students had a significantly higher knowledge score about oral manifestations of systemic diseases (30.8 ± 7; range from 15 to 37) compared to medical students (22.9 ± 4; range from 10 to 36) (p = .031). Only 24.3% (n = 42) medical students reported having adequate training to be able to distinguish between normal mouth and diseases. Nearly all medical students (91.3%; n = 158) felt that it is important to have more formal training in oral examination and disease diagnosis. CONCLUSION Medical students lack adequate knowledge, diagnostic ability, and confidence with regard to diagnosis of oral signs of systemic diseases. To ensure that medical students have necessary skills in assessing oral diseases, curricula revisions and modifications are required, and specific oral health-related learning outcomes should be introduced and reinforced through clinical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Hassona
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nesreen A Salim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nafez Tarboush
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samiha Sartawi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alrashdan
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Jordan University for Science and Technology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lamis Rajab
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Faleh Sawair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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13
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Kurek-Górecka A, Walczyńska-Dragon K, Felitti R, Baron S, Olczyk P. Propolis and Diet Rich in Polyphenols as Cariostatic Agents Reducing Accumulation of Dental Plaque. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010271. [PMID: 35011503 PMCID: PMC8746943 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Conducted studies indicate the relationship between oral health and systemic diseases. Moreover, the latest research indicated that cariogenic bacteria may severely influence the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and increase risk of COVID-19 complications. This article aims to review various applications of propolis and pay attention to a healthy diet rich in polyphenols, which may allow the reduction of dental plaque accumulation. A literature review has been conducted from June until November 2021. It showed that propolis could be a useful agent in decreasing the accumulation of dental plaque. Moreover, a diet rich in polyphenols prevents cariogenic bacteria and reduces the accumulation of dental plaque. A reduction of a dental plaque may influence the risk of a severe course of COVID-19. Therefore, propolis and a diet rich in polyphenols may play an important role in prophylaxis of systemic diseases. Recently, it has been proven that oral infection may affect cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, nervous system, as well as may be a risk factor for diabetes mellitus. These aspects should stimulate clinicians to further research about polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kurek-Górecka
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 3 Kasztanowa St, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Karolina Walczyńska-Dragon
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 2 Traugutta Sq, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (S.B.)
| | - Rafael Felitti
- Oral Rehabilitation and Prosthodontics, Private Practice, Felix Olmedo 3716, Montevideo 11700, Uruguay;
| | - Stefan Baron
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 2 Traugutta Sq, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (S.B.)
| | - Paweł Olczyk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 3 Kasztanowa St, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
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14
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Zabłocka A, Kazana W, Sochocka M, Stańczykiewicz B, Janusz M, Leszek J, Orzechowska B. Inverse Correlation Between Alzheimer's Disease and Cancer: Short Overview. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6335-6349. [PMID: 34523079 PMCID: PMC8639554 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The negative association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer suggests that susceptibility to one disease may protect against the other. When biological mechanisms of AD and cancer and relationship between them are understood, the unsolved problem of both diseases which still touches the growing human population could be overcome. Actual information about biological mechanisms and common risk factors such as chronic inflammation, age-related metabolic deregulation, and family history is presented here. Common signaling pathways, e.g., p53, Wnt, role of Pin1, and microRNA, are discussed as well. Much attention is also paid to the potential impact of chronic viral, bacterial, and fungal infections that are responsible for the inflammatory pathway in AD and also play a key role to cancer development. New data about common mechanisms in etiopathology of cancer and neurological diseases suggests new therapeutic strategies. Among them, the use of nilotinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, protein kinase C, and bexarotene is the most promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zabłocka
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Kazana
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Sochocka
- Laboratory of Virology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Stańczykiewicz
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, K. Bartla 5, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Janusz
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, L. Pasteura 10, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Orzechowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
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15
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Martínez-García M, Hernández-Lemus E. Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview. Front Physiol 2021; 12:709438. [PMID: 34776994 PMCID: PMC8578868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.709438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of infectious origins that often evolves into a chronic condition. Aside from its importance as a stomatologic ailment, chronic periodontitis has gained relevance since it has been shown that it can develop into a systemic condition characterized by unresolved hyper-inflammation, disruption of the innate and adaptive immune system, dysbiosis of the oral, gut and other location's microbiota and other system-wide alterations that may cause, coexist or aggravate other health issues associated to elevated morbi-mortality. The relationships between the infectious, immune, inflammatory, and systemic features of periodontitis and its many related diseases are far from being fully understood and are indeed still debated. However, to date, a large body of evidence on the different biological, clinical, and policy-enabling sources of information, is available. The aim of the present work is to summarize many of these sources of information and contextualize them under a systemic inflammation framework that may set the basis to an integral vision, useful for basic, clinical, and therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Martínez-García
- Sociomedical Research Unit, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mèxico, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Xu S, Huang X, Gong Y, Sun J. Association between tooth loss rate and risk of mild cognitive impairment in older adults: a population-based longitudinal study. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21599-21609. [PMID: 34495870 PMCID: PMC8457613 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a symptomatic predementia phase of the trajectory of cognitive decline, and its prevalence increases with age. Although the relationship between oral health and MCI have been explored previously, it is uncertain whether individuals with different tooth loss rates have altered MCI risks. We hereby conducted a longitudinal study by using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to investigate the association. Tooth loss rate was defined as the difference of teeth between two interview waves divided by years of interval; participants were then grouped into four categories: stable, no tooth loss; mild, 0-1 tooth loss; middle, 1-2 tooth loss; and severe, more than 2 tooth loss per year. Cognitive function was assessed by the Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination. We used the generalized estimating equation model to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and applied the restricted cubic spline function to explore the dose-response association. Among 11,862 participants, 3,966 developed MCI in a median follow-up time of 5.93 years. Higher tooth loss rate was associated with an increased risk of MCI in elderly subjects. Compared with subjects with stable tooth, the corresponding ORs (95% CIs) were 0.94 (0.85-1.03), 1.16 (1.04-1.29) and 1.28 (1.17-1.40) for subjects with the mild, middle and severe rate of tooth loss. A nonlinear dose-response relationship was detected (Pnon-linearity = 0.0165). Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age at baseline, and number of teeth at baseline. The positive association was only observed among denture nonwearers (OR middle vs stable: 1.19; 1.06-1.35; OR severe vs stable: 1.35; 1.22-1.50), but not among denture wearers. In conclusion, among elderly population in China, higher rate of tooth loss may be associated with an increased risk of MCI, while denture wearers may be less likely to develop MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Xu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin Gong
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiangwei Sun
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Egashira R, Mizutani S, Yamaguchi M, Kato T, Umezaki Y, Oku S, Tamai K, Obata T, Naito T. Low Tongue Strength and the Number of Teeth Present Are Associated with Cognitive Decline in Older Japanese Dental Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8700. [PMID: 33238565 PMCID: PMC7700411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To mitigate the impact of dementia, initiating early intervention is important. This study aims to investigate the associations between deterioration in oral function and cognitive decline in older outpatients whose oral health was maintained in the dental clinic. This study included 50 outpatients aged ≥65 years. We used the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) to assess cognitive decline. Oral function was evaluated by tongue pressure, masticatory performance, and swallowing ability. A full-mouth periodontal examination was conducted, and the occlusal support and number of teeth were recorded. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cognitive decline (MoCA-J score ≤ 25 points) were calculated using logistic regression models. The age, number of teeth, tongue pressure, and masticatory performance were significantly correlated with cognitive decline (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses revealed that cognitive decline was independently associated with age (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03-1.52; p = 0.024), number of teeth (OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76-1.00; p = 0.047), and lower tongue pressure (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77-0.98; p = 0.022). Lower tongue pressure and a small number of remaining teeth may be associated with cognitive decline in Japanese outpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Egashira
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (R.E.); (M.Y.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (R.E.); (M.Y.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Tomotaka Kato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Yojiro Umezaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (R.E.); (M.Y.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Saori Oku
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Keiko Tamai
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (R.E.); (M.Y.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (T.N.)
| | | | - Toru Naito
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (R.E.); (M.Y.); (Y.U.); (K.T.); (T.N.)
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