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Baggott RR, Alfranca A, López-Maderuelo D, Mohamed TMA, Escolano A, Oller J, Ornes BC, Kurusamy S, Rowther FB, Brown JE, Oceandy D, Cartwright EJ, Wang W, Gómez-del Arco P, Martínez-Martínez S, Neyses L, Redondo JM, Armesilla AL. Plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 4 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis through interaction with calcineurin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2310-20. [PMID: 25147342 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as a crucial regulator of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Among the intracellular signaling pathways triggered by VEGF, activation of the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling axis has emerged as a critical mediator of angiogenic processes. We and others previously reported a novel role for the plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) as an endogenous inhibitor of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway, via interaction with calcineurin, in cardiomyocytes and breast cancer cells. However, the functional significance of the PMCA/calcineurin interaction in endothelial pathophysiology has not been addressed thus far. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we here demonstrate that the interaction between PMCA4 and calcineurin in VEGF-stimulated endothelial cells leads to downregulation of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway and to a significant reduction in the subsequent expression of the NFAT-dependent, VEGF-activated, proangiogenic genes RCAN1.4 and Cox-2. PMCA4-dependent inhibition of calcineurin signaling translates into a reduction in endothelial cell motility and blood vessel formation that ultimately impairs in vivo angiogenesis by VEGF. CONCLUSIONS Given the importance of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway in the regulation of pathological angiogenesis, targeted modulation of PMCA4 functionality might open novel therapeutic avenues to promote or attenuate new vessel formation in diseases that occur with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon R Baggott
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Arantzazu Alfranca
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Dolores López-Maderuelo
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Tamer M A Mohamed
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Amelia Escolano
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Jorge Oller
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Beatriz C Ornes
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Sathishkumar Kurusamy
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Farjana B Rowther
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - James E Brown
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Delvac Oceandy
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Elizabeth J Cartwright
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Weiguang Wang
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Pablo Gómez-del Arco
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Sara Martínez-Martínez
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Ludwig Neyses
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Juan Miguel Redondo
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.).
| | - Angel Luis Armesilla
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.).
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