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Al-Sayegh H, Al-Zadjali S, Al-Moundhri M. Analyzing Cancer Incidence Trends in Oman From 1996 to 2019: A Comprehensive Study of the National Cancer Annual Reports. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300337. [PMID: 38271648 PMCID: PMC10830084 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have reported that cancer incidence trends in Oman varied by tumor site and sex. No comprehensive analysis of all cancer sites had been reported. The objective of this study is to analyze cancer incidence trends in Oman and calculate the annual percent change (APC) in age-standardized rates (ASRs) for all-cancer and 61 individual cancer sites in Omani men and women from 1996 to 2019. METHODS We gathered incidence data from The Omani National Cancer Registry for all cancers combined and individual tumor sites. We estimated the APC using Poisson regression. RESULTS The cancer ASR in the Omani population increased by 23% (from 95/100,000 in 1996 to 117.2/100,000 in 2019), with the increase being more pronounced in females (48% v 7% in males). Among the male population, there was significant increase in the ASRs of colon, rectum, thyroid, and prostate cancers, with APCs of 6.92%, 4.24%, 4.19%, and 2.03%, respectively. Among females, all-cancer incidence showed significant increase (APC = 1.39%), and increasing trends were observed in uterine, colon, rectum, thyroid, and breast cancers (APCs = 7.57%, 7.08%, 5.19%, 5.16%, and 4.19%, respectively). CONCLUSION The ASR of all-cancer increased significantly in Omani women but not in men. Uterine cancer had the highest APC. Colorectal cancer and thyroid ASR increased in both males and females. Breast and prostate cancers showed increasing trends. Further research is needed to explore factors contributing to increasing cancer incidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Al-Sayegh
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center (SQCCCRC), Muscat, Oman
| | - Shoaib Al-Zadjali
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center (SQCCCRC), Muscat, Oman
| | - Mansour Al-Moundhri
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center (SQCCCRC), Muscat, Oman
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2
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Zhan T, Chen M, Liu W, Han Z, Zhu Q, Liu M, Tan J, Liu J, Chen X, Tian X, Huang X. MiR-455-3p inhibits gastric cancer progression by repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling through binding to ARMC8. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:155. [PMID: 37400847 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, gastric cancer (GC) is one of the world's most widespread malignancies, with persistent high mortality and morbidity rates. Increasing evidence now suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in many biological processes, with miR-455-3p having key roles in the progression of diverse cancers. Nevertheless, miR-455-3p function and expression in GC remain unclear. METHODS We explored miR-455-3p expression in GC using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). To further examine the effect of miR-455-3p in GC, after transfecting miR-455-3p mimics or inhibitors into GC cells, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation and colony formation assays were performed to examine cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, and expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Snail, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and Caspase-3 were assessed by western blotting (WB). Using online databases and luciferase assays, we identified armadillo repeat-containing protein 8 (ARMC8) as a promising target of miR-455-3p. A mouse tumor model was established to investigate actions of miR-455-3p in vivo. Expression levels of C-myc, cyclinD1, and β-catenin were examined using WB and immunofluorescence. RESULTS MiR-455-3p expression was attenuated in GC tissue and cell lines. MiR-455-3p overexpression inhibited GC cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as facilitated apoptosis, while suppression of miR-455-3p had the opposite effects. From luciferase assays, we confirmed that ARMC8 was a novel and direct downstream target gene of miR-455-3p, and that the tumor suppressive role of miR-455-3p was in part reversed due to ARMC8 overexpression. Moreover, miR-455-3p inhibited GC growth in vivo via ARMC8. We also observed that miR-455-3p repressed canonical Wnt pathway activation by binding to ARMC8. CONCLUSIONS MiR-455-3p exerted tumor inhibitory effects in GC by targeting ARMC8. Therefore, intervening in the miR-455-3p/ARMC8/Wnt/βcatenin axis could be a promising novel treatment strategy for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Mengge Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qingxi Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xia Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, WuHan Third Hospital ( Tongren hospital of WuHan University), Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Du Y, Chen Y, Wu T, Fan X, Lin W, Jiang Z. miR-2682-3p antagonizes its host lncRNA-MIR137HG by interacting with the same target FUS to regulate the progression of gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:689. [PMID: 35733138 PMCID: PMC9219209 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism of long non-coding RNA MIR137HG in human gastric cancer (GC) is currently unknown. In the present study, we aimed to explore the function and mechanism of MIR137HG in gastric cancer. Methods The expression of lncRNA-MIR137HG in 69 gastric cancer samples and their paired surgical margin (SM) tissue samples were tested by QRT-PCR. UCSC was used to find the gene location relationship among MIR137HG and its embedded miRNAs. TargetScan was used to predict the targets of miR-2682-3p. Starbase was used to predict the candidate proteins that interacted with MIR137HG. Western blot, co-focus, and RIP assay were used to verify the direct interaction between MIR137HG and FUS (fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma, FUS/TLS), while dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interaction between miR-2682-3p and FUS. Cell migration assays, colony formation, and xenografts assay were used to investigate the function of MIR137HG and miR-2682-3p to tumor growth and metastasis. Western blot assay was used to explore the downstream candidate protein of FUS. Results Data showed that MIR137HG expressed significantly higher in GC than in SM. MIR137HG promoted colony formation and migration in vitro and promoted tumor formation and metastasis in vivo. MIR137HG is distributed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. It was co-located with FUS and could directly interact with FUS, which might interact with other proteins, such as MET(MET-proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase), RHOC(ras homolog family member), and CTNNB1(catenin beta1). These proteins may involve different signaling pathways to regulate gastric cancer progression. By contrast, the embedded miR-2682-3p could antagonize the series functions of its host lncRNA-MIR137HG by targeting FUS. Conclusions lncRNA-MIR137HG promoted growth and metastasis in gastric cancer by interacting with FUS, while miR-2682-3p could inhibit the function of MIR137HG via the same target FUS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09740-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Du
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Renmin Road No.247, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China. .,Ningbo Institute of Medical Science, Yangshan Road No.42-46, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yichen Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Renmin Road No.247, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China.,Ningbo Institute of Medical Science, Yangshan Road No.42-46, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Renmin Road No.247, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodan Fan
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Fenghua Road No.818, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Lin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Renmin Road No.247, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, ZhejiangZhejiang, China
| | - Zhouhua Jiang
- Ningbo Medical Centre Lihui Li Eastern Hospital, Ningbo University, Jiangnan Road No.1111, Ningbo, 330212, Zhejiang, China. .,Ningbo Women and Children Hospital, Ningbo Liuting Road No.339, Ningbo, 315012, Zhejiang, China.
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SOCS3 gene silencing does not occur through methylation and mutations in gastric cancer. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1114-1125. [PMID: 35596898 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is ranked the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Mutations and epigenetic alterations in several essential genes, including p53, KRAS, PIK3CA, FAT4 and ARID1A, are often reported. Furthermore, loss of SOCS3 expression was reported in GC, suggesting its tumor suppressor role. To assess the mutational and methylation status of SOCS3, we performed gene panel exome sequencing on 47 human GC samples. The SOCS3 gene was rarely mutated, suggesting alternative regulation mechanisms, such as promoter hypermethylation and/or long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We first explored SOCS3 promoter methylation status in 44 human GC samples by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR). Thirteen out of forty-four patients (29.5%) displayed a methylation pattern. Then, to see whether SOCS3 expression is silenced by CpG methylation, we examined publicly available databases (cbioportal and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)). The analysis revealed β values lower than 0.1, indicating hypo-methylation in healthy and GC samples. Moreover, moderate methylation (β < 0.4) and high methylation (β > 0.4) did not affect the free survival, suggesting that methylation is unlikely to be the mechanism ruling SOCS3 silencing in GC. Next, to assess the regulatory effects of lncRNAs on SOCS3, we silenced the AC125807.2-lncRNA and quantified the SOCS3 gene expression in AGS and NCI-N87 gastric cancer cell line. SOCS3 was found to be downregulated following AC125807.2-lncRNA silencing in AGS cells, suggesting the potential implication of lncRNA AC125807.2 in SOCS3 regulation. However, in NCI-N87 cells, there was no significant change in SOCS3 expression. In conclusion, neither mutations nor hypermethylation was associated with the SOCS3 downregulation in GC, and alternative mechanisms, including non-coding RNAs-mediated gene silencing, may be proposed.
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Wu Z, Liu P, Zhang G. Identification of circRNA-miRNA-Immune-Related mRNA Regulatory Network in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:816884. [PMID: 35280778 PMCID: PMC8907717 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.816884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) is still not fully understood. We aimed to find the potential regulatory network for ceRNA (circRNA–miRNA–immune-related mRNA) to uncover the pathological molecular mechanisms of GC. The expression profiles of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA in gastric tissue from GC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs, and immune-related mRNAs were filtered, followed by the construction of the ceRNA (circRNA–miRNA–immune-related mRNA) network. Functional annotation and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis of immune-related mRNAs in the network were performed. Expression validation of circRNAs and immune-related mRNAs was performed in the new GEO and TCGA datasets and in-vitro experiment. A total of 144 differentially expressed circRNAs, 216 differentially expressed miRNAs, and 2,392 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in GC. Some regulatory pairs of circRNA–miRNA–immune-related mRNA were obtained, including hsa_circ_0050102–hsa-miR-4537–NRAS–Tgd cells, hsa_circ_0001013–hsa-miR-485-3p–MAP2K1–Tgd cells, hsa_circ_0003763–hsa-miR-145-5p–FGF10–StromaScore, hsa_circ_0001789–hsa-miR-1269b–MET–adipocytes, hsa_circ_0040573–hsa-miR-3686–RAC1–Tgd cells, and hsa_circ_0006089–hsa-miR-5584-3p–LYN–neurons. Interestingly, FGF10, MET, NRAS, RAC1, MAP2K1, and LYN had potential diagnostic value for GC patients. In the KEGG analysis, some signaling pathways were identified, such as Rap1 and Ras signaling pathways (involved NRAS and FGF10), Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis and cAMP signaling pathway (involved RAC1), proteoglycans in cancer (involved MET), T-cell receptor signaling pathway (involved MAP2K1), and chemokine signaling pathway (involved LYN). The expression validation of hsa_circ_0003763, hsa_circ_0004928, hsa_circ_0040573, FGF10, MET, NRAS, RAC1, MAP2K1, and LYN was consistent with the integrated analysis. In conclusion, the identified ceRNA (circRNA–miRNA–immune-related mRNA) regulatory network may be associated with the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhai Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ganlu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Shao C, Wang R, Kong D, Gao Q, Xu C. Identification of potential core genes in gastric cancer using bioinformatics analysis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:2109-2122. [PMID: 34790378 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in China. Most patients with gastric cancer have no obvious early symptoms; thus, many of them are in the middle and late stages of gastric cancer at first diagnosis and miss the best treatment opportunity. Molecular targeted therapy is particularly important in changing this status quo. Methods Three microarray datasets (GSE29272, GSE33651, and GSE54129) were selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using GEO2R. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to analyze the functional features of these DEGs and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) of these DEGs was visualized by Cytoscape software. The expressions of hub genes were evaluated based on Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Moreover, we used the online Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis tool to evaluate the prognostic values of hub genes. The Target Scan database was used to predict microRNAs that could regulate the target gene, collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1). The OncomiR database was used to analyze the expression levels of three microRNAs, as well as the relationships with tumor stage, grade, and prognosis. Results We identified 78 DEGs, including 53 upregulated genes and 25 downregulated genes. The DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, extracellular structure organization, and response to wounding. Moreover, three KEGG pathways were markedly enriched, including focal adhesion, complement and coagulation cascades, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction. Among these 78 genes, we selected 10 hub genes. The overexpression levels of these hub genes were closely related to poor prognosis and the development of gastric cancer (except for COL3A1, LOX, and CXCL8). Moreover, we found that microRNA-29a-3p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-29c-3p were the potential microRNAs that could regulate the target gene, COL4A1. Conclusions Our results showed that FN1, COL1A1, TIMP1, COL1A2, SPARC, COL4A1, and SERPINE1 could contribute to the development of novel molecular targets and biomarker-driven treatments for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dandan Kong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunfang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Guo X, Liang X, Wang Y, Cheng A, Zhang H, Qin C, Wang Z. Significance of Tumor Mutation Burden Combined With Immune Infiltrates in the Progression and Prognosis of Advanced Gastric Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:642608. [PMID: 34306002 PMCID: PMC8299211 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.642608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. The prognosis and survival are much worse for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Recently, immunotherapy has been widely promoted for AGC patients, and studies have shown that tumor mutation burden (TMB) is closely related to immunotherapy response. Here, RNA-seq data, matched clinical information, and MAF files were downloaded from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA)-STAD project in the TCGA database. The collation and visual analysis of mutation data were implemented by the “maftools” package in R. We calculated the TMB values for AGC patients and divided the patients into high- and low-TMB groups according to the median value of TMB. Then, the correlation between high or low TMB and clinicopathological parameters was calculated. Next, we examined the differences in gene expression patterns between the two groups by using the “limma” R package and identified the immune-related genes among the DEGs. Through univariate Cox regression analysis, 15 genes related to prognosis were obtained. Furthermore, the two hub genes (APOD and SLC22A17) were used to construct a risk model to evaluate the prognosis of AGC patients. ROC and survival curves and GEO data were used as a validation set to verify the reliability of this risk model. In addition, the correlation between TMB and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was examined. In conclusion, our results suggest that AGC patients with high TMB have a better prognosis. By testing the patient’s TMB, we could better guide immunotherapy and understand patient response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anqi Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Guo X, Liang X, Wang Y, Cheng A, Zhang H, Qin C, Wang Z. Significance of Tumor Mutation Burden Combined With Immune Infiltrates in the Progression and Prognosis of Advanced Gastric Cancer. Front Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.642608
expr 881161437 + 993839471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. The prognosis and survival are much worse for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Recently, immunotherapy has been widely promoted for AGC patients, and studies have shown that tumor mutation burden (TMB) is closely related to immunotherapy response. Here, RNA-seq data, matched clinical information, and MAF files were downloaded from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA)-STAD project in the TCGA database. The collation and visual analysis of mutation data were implemented by the “maftools” package in R. We calculated the TMB values for AGC patients and divided the patients into high- and low-TMB groups according to the median value of TMB. Then, the correlation between high or low TMB and clinicopathological parameters was calculated. Next, we examined the differences in gene expression patterns between the two groups by using the “limma” R package and identified the immune-related genes among the DEGs. Through univariate Cox regression analysis, 15 genes related to prognosis were obtained. Furthermore, the two hub genes (APOD and SLC22A17) were used to construct a risk model to evaluate the prognosis of AGC patients. ROC and survival curves and GEO data were used as a validation set to verify the reliability of this risk model. In addition, the correlation between TMB and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was examined. In conclusion, our results suggest that AGC patients with high TMB have a better prognosis. By testing the patient’s TMB, we could better guide immunotherapy and understand patient response to immunotherapy.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Precise and quantitative assessment of the trend of cancer burden enables policymakers and health managers to prioritize diseases and allocate resources better. This infers what caused a decrease or increase in the rate of cancer occurrence, and if it denotes timing of implementation of a control measure, it presents the impact on the disease rate. This study's objective was to evaluate trends in child and adult cancer in Iraq from 2000 onwards. METHODS We used the registries of the Iraqi Ministry of Health that were gathered from all governorates from 2000-2016. Data were presented as incidence rates to depict the trends of different types of cancers distributed by age, gender, and governorates. RESULTS Breast cancer witnessed a significant increase with predominance in females. Lung cancer rate increased significantly from 4.08 to 5.60/100 000 (p = 0.038), affecting males more than females. The brain cancer trend showed a bimodal pattern (two peaks in 2004 and 2011) with no significant trend change (p = 0.788). Both genders were similarly affected. The trend of stomach and colorectal cancer showed an accelerated increase after 2007. CONCLUSIONS Almost all cancers (particularly lung and gastrointestinal) showed constantly raising trends, especially after 2007. Only cervical and laryngeal cancer had a decreasing trend. Most cancers were predominant in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf MA. Hussain
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babil, Iraq
| | - Riyadh K. Lafta
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Global Health Department, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Behar D, Boublenza L, Chabni N, Hassaine H, Dahmani B, Masdoua N, Nahet A, Meguenni K. Retrospective epidemiological study on stomach cancer in a region of western Algeria: about 394 cases between 2011 and 2015. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 52:706-710. [PMID: 32705578 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stomach cancer is a major global health problem; it is one of the ten most common cancers with poor survival, and its incidence is characterized by wide variation. The aim of this work is to carry out a retrospective epidemiological study on gastric cancer in the wilaya of Tlemcen (West Algeria) over a period of 5 years (2011-2015). METHODS The data set was provided by the cancer registry of the Tlemcen wilaya. The statistical analysis was performed using software SPSS.21. RESULTS During this period, 394 cases of gastric cancers were collected, including 199 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (50.50%); gastric cancer was ranked in 5th rank of the ten most answered cancers in the wilaya. The average age of the patients was 60.5 ± 14.208 years (60.618 ± 13.556 men, 56.654 ± 14.8761 women) with an extremity ranging from 18 to 91 years. A predominance of men has been observed with 60.4% against 39.6% of women, with a sex ratio of 1.5 and a significant difference between the two sexes (p = 0.08). Patients over 50 years of age represented the predominant age group (73.4%). The tumor topography was antropyloric in 6.09% of the cases, and the vast majority of the diagnosed cases was in the local stage (17.01%). CONCLUSION Stomach cancer remains one of the top ten cancers in the Tlemcen willaya, so extensive research on the risk factors for gastric cancer remains important to plan effective preventive and curative strategies to reduce this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalale Behar
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to the Food Industry, to Biomedical and to the Environment (LAMAABE), University Abou-Bekr Belkaid, Ex biomedical complex Imama Bloc C BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
| | - Lamia Boublenza
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to the Food Industry, to Biomedical and to the Environment (LAMAABE), University Abou-Bekr Belkaid, Ex biomedical complex Imama Bloc C BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Department of Medicine Cancer Laboratory, Abou-Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nafissa Chabni
- Department of Medicine Cancer Laboratory, Abou-Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Department of Epidemiology, Dr Tidjani Damerdji University Hospital, Abou-Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hafida Hassaine
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to the Food Industry, to Biomedical and to the Environment (LAMAABE), University Abou-Bekr Belkaid, Ex biomedical complex Imama Bloc C BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Bouchra Dahmani
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to the Food Industry, to Biomedical and to the Environment (LAMAABE), University Abou-Bekr Belkaid, Ex biomedical complex Imama Bloc C BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nabila Masdoua
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to the Food Industry, to Biomedical and to the Environment (LAMAABE), University Abou-Bekr Belkaid, Ex biomedical complex Imama Bloc C BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Amira Nahet
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to the Food Industry, to Biomedical and to the Environment (LAMAABE), University Abou-Bekr Belkaid, Ex biomedical complex Imama Bloc C BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Kaouel Meguenni
- Department of Medicine Cancer Laboratory, Abou-Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Department of Epidemiology, Dr Tidjani Damerdji University Hospital, Abou-Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
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He X, Zou K. MiRNA-96-5p contributed to the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by targeting FOXO3. J Biochem 2020; 167:101-108. [PMID: 31598681 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) and the forkhead box O (FOXO) family proteins have been shown to influence gastric cancer progression and development. Here, we aimed to identify the gastric cancer related miRNAs and their relationship with the FOXO family. MiRNA profiles were generated by miRNA microarray screening from pre-operative plasma samples. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western bolt were used to determine the expression levels of miR-96 and FOXO family. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay and colony formation assay were used to test the cell viability. The miR-96-5p and FOXO3 interaction were confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Our results demonstrated the excessive expression of miR-96-5p in gastric cancer cell lines and plasma samples from gastric cancer patients. In addition, the protein levels of FOXO3 were decreased in tissue samples from gastric cancer patients. Moreover, miR-96-5p accelerated the gastric cancer cell proliferation by directly targeting FOXO3. Therefore, we conclude that iR-96-5p might promote the progression of gastric cancer by directly targeting FOXO3 mRNA and downregulating the expression of FOXO3 protein, which provides new insights for the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xionghui He
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Kejian Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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12
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Shan C, Zhang Y, Hao X, Gao J, Chen X, Wang K. Biogenesis, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in gastric cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:136. [PMID: 31519189 PMCID: PMC6743094 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in the world and has high morbidity and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with covalently linked circular structures. In recent years, plentiful circRNAs have been discovered that participate in many biological processes, including the initiation and development of tumours. Increasing evidences suggest important biological functions of circRNAs, implying that circRNAs may serve as vital new biomarkers and targets for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Among these, circRNAs are tend to aberrantly expressed and are regarded as potential biomarkers in the carcinogenesis and progression of GC. This review systematically summarised the biogenesis, biological properties and functions of circRNAs, with a focus on their relationship with GC, as well as their probable clinical implications on GC. As our cognition of the relation between circRNAs and GC deepens, more molecular mechanisms of GC progression will be discovered, and new therapeutic strategies will be used for the prevention and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Shan
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Yinfeng Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xiaodan Hao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Jinning Gao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xinzhe Chen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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13
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Al-Lawati JA, Al-Zakwani I, Fadhil I, Al-Bahrani BJ. Cancer Incidence in Oman (1996-2015). Oman Med J 2019; 34:271-273. [PMID: 31360313 PMCID: PMC6642720 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jawad A. Al-Lawati
- Directorate General of Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ibrahim Al-Zakwani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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14
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review to explore the United Arab Emirates (UAE)'s cancer-specific epidemiological profiles. METHODS We followed the standardized methods for conducting and reporting systematic reviews. We employed a highly sensitive and extensive strategy to identify all studies on the prevalence and incidence of cancer in the UAE, searching electronic databases and the grey literature. We assessed the methodological quality of the studies, summarized them, and qualitatively analyzed their results. RESULTS We included 4 retrospective studies published between 2003 and 2011, reporting data gathered between 1982 and 2004. The majority of the data were collected from national cancer registries and addressed adult Emiratis and certain cancer types. All included studies employed validated procedures for diagnostic confirmation. The overall age-standardized cancer rates were 70.1 and 74.2 per 100,000 in males and females, respectively. Lung, gastric, and prostate cancer ranked as the top 3 types in Emirati males; while breast, cervical, and thyroid cancer were the top 3 types in Emirati females. Men exhibited higher rates of lung and stomach cancers compared with women. The majority of the studies were of acceptable methodological quality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the need for high-quality future research and systematic cancer data collection and registration to provide reliable data on the current incidence of cancer. We hope that our findings guide the tailoring of interventions aimed at curbing cancer rates in the UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah Institute of Medical Research (SIMR),University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah Institute of Medical Research (SIMR),University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Rana Rizk
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie, Faculty of Public Health, The Lebanese University, Lebanon
- Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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15
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Awad HA, Hajeer MH, Abulihya MW, Al-Chalabi MA, Al Khader AA. Epidemiologic characteristics of gastric malignancies among Jordan University Hospital patients. Saudi Med J 2018; 38:965-967. [PMID: 28889157 PMCID: PMC5654033 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2017.9.19371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To discover the epidemiologic distribution of gastric malignancies among Jordan University Hospital patients and to compare this distribution with the neighboring Arab countries. Methods: Retrospective study covering the period between January 2006, and May 2016, in Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan. All cases were retrieved from the computer system and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 software. Results: One hundred and sixty-five cases were analyzed. Male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age was 58.6 with 32.1% of patients aged 50 or younger. Primary adenocarcinoma was the most common tumor, half of which were diffuse type, followed by carcinoid tumors (15.2 %), lymphomas (10.3%), and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (8.5%). Proximally located tumors accounted for 15.4%. Helicobacter pylori were present in approximately half of the cases and 34.6% of cases contained intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion: Jordan is a low-risk area for gastric cancer, but carcinoma occurs at a young age and is associated with gastritis, Helicobacter pylori infection, and intestinal metaplasia in a large proportion of cases. Better strategic health planning and early detection is needed, especially in young patients suffering from gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyam A Awad
- Department of Histopathology, Forensic Medicine and Microbiology, University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan. E-mail.
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16
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Abuderman AA. Gastric cancer & prospects of cancer in Saudi Arabia peninsula. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 26:1095-1100. [PMID: 31516334 PMCID: PMC6734134 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is classified to be an aggressive disease with poor treatment outcome, as most cases remain undetected until later stages, wherein surgery and few chemotherapeutics become the only recommended treatment course. The process of cancer development is multistep involving many stages and types of precancerous lesions, and hence, routine monitoring becomes a necessity in those detected with these or exposed to risk factors. Studying the pattern of gastric cancer for any geographical region is also important to control mortality and focus on implementation of efficient management and treatment guidelines. The cause for gastric cancer can be genetic, racial as well as environmental, and hence the pattern of this malignancy differs across geographical regions and between the developing and the developed nations. In case of the Kindgom of Saudi Arabia, very few hospital-based reports have been published highlighting the pattern of gastric cancer, and the associated incidence and mortality rates. However, classified to be one of the most crucial cancer forms in Saudi Arabia, research pertaining to epidemiology, presentation and pathological features are limited. Studying gastric cancer occurrence from public health viewpoint is important also because eradication of causative agents like those that H. pylori has also shown been not reduce the risk of cancer development among individuals with atrophic metaplastic gastritis. In case of Saudi Arabia, many inherent risks for this malignancy exists like waterpipe smoking and shift in diet pattern from the traditional Mediterranean diet. Our review focusses on pattern of gastric cancer on a global scale in comparison to scenario in Saudi Arabia. The aim is to encompass all of the less stressed upon facts about this malignancy in the Kingdom, paving way for future work in this regards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman
- Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Baraka BA, Al Kharusi SS, Al Bahrani BJ, Bhathagar G. Primary Gastric Chorioadenocarcinoma. Oman Med J 2016; 31:381-3. [PMID: 27602194 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2016.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary gastric chorioadenocarcinoma (PGC) is a rare and rapidly invasive tumor. Choriocarcinoma is usually known to be of endometrial origin and gestational; however, it has been reported in other extragenital organs, such as the gall bladder, prostate, lung, liver, and the gastrointestinal tract. Human chorionic gonadotropin related neoplasms of the stomach are seldom discussed in the literature. We report a case of PGC in a 56-year-old man treated with a standard non-gestational choriocarcinoma chemotherapy regimen, EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, vincristine), with a complete response and good tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaaeldin A Baraka
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Suad S Al Kharusi
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Bassim J Al Bahrani
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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18
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection in humans. Its prevalence in Omani adults and children is not known. OBJECTIVE To report histology-based H. pylori infection prevalence in Omani children. METHODS A retrospective study of biopsy proven H. pylori infection in children over a 3 year period in a single center. Age, gender, indication for endoscopy, history of recurrent abdominal pain, and anemia were compared between H. pylori-positive and negative children. RESULTS Of 143 patients who underwent endoscopy, gastric biopsies were available on 112. The overall prevalence of biopsy proven H. pylori infection was 25%. The prevalence in children with recurrent abdominal pain was 30% compared to 22% in children who underwent endoscopy for other indications (p = .382). The prevalence increased from 7% in children aged <5 years, to 33% in those aged between 5 and 10 years (p = .010). There was no significant difference in the prevalence between the 5-10 years age group (33%) and older age group (29%) (p = .814). There was no significant difference in gender or anemia between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first reported study on the prevalence of biopsy proven H. pylori infection in Omani children. H. pylori infection prevalence is 25%, is lower than regional and many Arab countries. The prevalence appears to increase till age of 5 years. There was no significant association between H. pylori and recurrent abdominal pain, gender, or anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Al-Sinani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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