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Goetz L, Seedat N, Vandersluis R, van der Schaar M. Generalization-a key challenge for responsible AI in patient-facing clinical applications. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:126. [PMID: 38773304 PMCID: PMC11109198 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Goetz
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, GSK, London, UK.
| | - Nabeel Seedat
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Mihaela van der Schaar
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Centre for AI in Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Farouk AH, Aref A, Fathy BA, Abdallah AN. Stem cells derived exosomes as biological nano carriers for VCR sulfate for treating breast cancer stem cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10964. [PMID: 38744871 PMCID: PMC11094037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to vincristine sulfate's (VCR sulfate) toxicity and non-specific targeting, which might adversely damage healthy cells, its clinical application is restricted. In this study, we loaded VCR sulfate on exosomes generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to enhance its targeted distribution. Exosomes are able to deliver molecules to specific cells and tissues and have therapeutic potential. In this study, we isolated exosomes from MSCs, and using probe-sonication approach loaded them with VCR sulfate. Using SRB assay, the cytotoxicity of VCR sulfate-Exo was assessed in T47D breast cancer cells, and the results were contrasted with those of free VCR sulfate. Then We labeled markers (CD44+/CD24-) in the cell line to assess the targeting effectiveness of VCR sulfate-Exo using flow cytometry. Our results showed that the cytotoxicity of VCR sulfate-Exo was nearly the same as that of VCR sulfate. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that VRC sulfate-Exo was more effectively targeted to MSCs than free VCR sulfate. Our study shows that loading VCR sulfate to MSCs-derived exosomes can improve their targeted delivery and lessen their side effects. Additional research is required to determine VCR sulfate-Exo's in vivo effectiveness and safety and improve the loading and delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Farouk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Aref
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Belal A Fathy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed N Abdallah
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Orlandi AM, Alcaraz G, Bielski L, Brenta G, Jozami LC, Cavallo A, Guerra J, Zund S. Thyroid gland: a rare site of metastasis. Endocrine 2024; 84:607-614. [PMID: 38224445 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite its rich vascularity, metastasis (MTS) to the thyroid tissue is unusual, ranging from 1 to 3%. This entity is not usually considered as differential diagnosis and is not included in the upfront approach in patients with thyroid nodules. Once diagnosed, treatment is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnosis, treatment, and outcome at the end of follow-up in patients with a diagnosis of MTS to the thyroid. METHODS A retrospective multicenter study was designed from 1985 to 2022; 29 patients with MTS to the thyroid gland were included in the analysis. RESULTS Clinical presentation included the presence of a nodular goiter (65.5%), compression symptoms (17.2%), diffuse goiter (10.3%), and suspicious lymph nodes in the neck (7%). Primary tumor sites were: kidney (44.8%), breast (24.1%), lung (13.8%), neuroendocrine system (6.9%), colon (3.4%), cervix (3.4%), and ovary (3.4%). In 18/23 patients, suspicious ultrasound criteria for malignancy were described. Preoperative diagnosis was made in 23/27 patients by FNA and confirmed in 18 cases by immunohistochemistry. Seventeen patients underwent surgery. At the end of the follow-up, 19 patients had died of oncological disease, and six were alive (2/6 disease-free with isolated intrathyroidal MTS). CONCLUSION Renal carcinoma was the tumor that most frequently metastasized to the thyroid gland. Immunodiagnosis was a very useful tool for etiological confirmation. Patients with MTS to the thyroid gland as a unique site had a more favorable course compared to patients with multiple metastatic sites. Finally, outcomes and prognosis essentially depended on the biology of the primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Orlandi
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Dr. T. Álvarez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Graciela Alcaraz
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Dr. C. Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laila Bielski
- Endocrinology Department, Sanatorio Güemes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Brenta
- Endocrinology Department, Unidad Asistencial Dr. C. Milstein, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Andrea Cavallo
- Endocrinology Department Hospital Alta Complejidad, Formosa, Argentina
- Endocrinology Department Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Guerra
- Endocrinology Department Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Zund
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Instituto de Oncología A. Roffo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Head and Neck Surgery Department Hospital Español de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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4
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Al Assaad M, Michaud O, Semaan A, Sigouros M, Tranquille M, Phan A, Levine MF, Gundem G, Medina-Martínez JS, Papaemmanuil E, Manohar J, Wilkes D, Sboner A, Hoda SAF, Elemento O, Mosquera JM. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Male Breast Cancer Unveils Novel Structural Events and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100452. [PMID: 38369186 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The molecular characterization of male breast cancer (MaBC) has received limited attention in research, mostly because of its low incidence rate, accounting for only 0.5% to 1% of all reported cases of breast cancer each year. Managing MaBC presents significant challenges, with most treatment protocols being adapted from those developed for female breast cancer. Utilizing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and state-of-the-art analyses, the genomic features of 10 MaBC cases (n = 10) were delineated and correlated with clinical and histopathologic characteristics. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, an additional cohort of 18 patients was interrogated to supplement WGS findings. The genomic landscape of MaBC uncovered significant genetic alterations that could influence diagnosis and treatment. We found common somatic mutations in key driver genes, such as FAT1, GATA3, SMARCA4, and ARID2. Our study also mapped out structural variants that impact cancer-associated genes, such as ARID1A, ESR1, GATA3, NTRK1, and NF1. Using a WGS-based classifier, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) was identified in 2 cases, both presenting with deleterious variants in BRCA2. Noteworthy was the observation of FGFR1 amplification in 21% of cases. Altogether, we identified at least 1 potential therapeutic target in 8 of the 10 cases, including high tumor mutational burden, FGFR1 amplification, and HRD. Our study is the first WGS characterization of MaBC, which uncovered potentially relevant variants, including structural events in cancer genes, HRD signatures, and germline pathogenic mutations. Our results demonstrate unique genetic markers and potential treatment targets in MaBC, thereby underlining the necessity of tailoring treatment strategies for this understudied patient population. These WGS-based findings add to the growing knowledge of MaBC genomics and highlight the need to expand research on this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd Al Assaad
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Michaud
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Département de Pathologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alissa Semaan
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michael Sigouros
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Marvel Tranquille
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Andy Phan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Jyothi Manohar
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - David Wilkes
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Andrea Sboner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Syed A F Hoda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Juan Miguel Mosquera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; New York Genome Center, New York, New York.
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Khalid IB, Sarwar A, Khalid HB, Sajjad B, Rehman B, Parvaiz MA. Clinicopathological Features and Treatment Outcomes of Male Breast Cancer in Pakistani Population: A 10-Year Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2024; 18:11782234241233120. [PMID: 38370290 PMCID: PMC10874586 DOI: 10.1177/11782234241233120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for 1% of global breast cancer cases. On account of its rarity, very few prospective clinical trials have been carried out on MBC. Pakistan has the highest incidence of breast cancer in Asia, but very limited data are available on MBC. Objectives The objective is to determine the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment patterns of MBC in Pakistani population. Design This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study carried out using the cancer database of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Center. Men with a histologically proven breast cancer, stage 0 to III disease and requiring surgical intervention were included. The Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were used for survival analysis. Results Sixty-eight patients with MBC were included with a median age at diagnosis of 55 years. Most patients were stage II (47.1%). Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the commonest type (89.7%). Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Her-2 receptor positivity were 92.6%, 86.8%, and 32.4%, respectively. Mastectomy was performed in 95.6% of the cases. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 25 (36.8%) and 26 (38.2%) patients, respectively. Fifty-five (80.9%) patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. Most of the patients (89.7%) received tamoxifen. The 5-year overall and disease-free survival was 88.2% and 80.9%, respectively. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a better overall and disease-free survival (P = .025). Conclusions Male breast cancer occurs at a relatively earlier age in Pakistani population as compared with Western men. Mastectomy is the preferred surgical option for MBC on account of the advanced disease and delayed presentation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has a statistically significant effect on overall and disease-free survival, but in spite of these benefits, it remains underutilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtissam Bin Khalid
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Albash Sarwar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Barka Sajjad
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rehman
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Parvaiz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
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Uddin MMN, Bekmukhametova A, Antony A, Barman SK, Houang J, Wu MJ, Hook JM, George L, Wuhrer R, Mawad D, Ta D, Ruprai H, Lauto A. Encapsulated Rose Bengal Enhances the Photodynamic Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:546. [PMID: 38276623 PMCID: PMC10820979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Among breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer stands out as the most aggressive, with patients facing a 40% mortality rate within the initial five years. The limited treatment options and unfavourable prognosis for triple-negative patients necessitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative treatment that can effectively target triple-negative neoplastic cells such as MDA-MB-231. In this in vitro study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the PDT killing rate of unbound Rose Bengal (RB) in solution versus RB-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles to determine the most effective approach for inducing cytotoxicity at low laser powers (90 mW, 50 mW, 25 mW and 10 mW) and RB concentrations (50 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL and 5 µg/mL). Intracellular singlet oxygen production and cell uptake were also determined for both treatment modalities. Dark toxicity was also assessed for normal breast cells. Despite the low laser power and concentration of nanoparticles (10 mW and 5 µg/mL), MDA-MB-231 cells experienced a substantial reduction in viability (8 ± 1%) compared to those treated with RB solution (38 ± 10%). RB nanoparticles demonstrated higher singlet oxygen production and greater uptake by cancer cells than RB solutions. Moreover, RB nanoparticles display strong cytocompatibility with normal breast cells (MCF-10A). The low activation threshold may be a crucial advantage for specifically targeting malignant cells in deep tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | | | - Anu Antony
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Shital K. Barman
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Jessica Houang
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Ming J. Wu
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - James M. Hook
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Laurel George
- Advanced Materials Characterisation Facility, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Richard Wuhrer
- Advanced Materials Characterisation Facility, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Damia Mawad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel Ta
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Herleen Ruprai
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Antonio Lauto
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
- Biomedical Engineering & Neuroscience Research Group, The MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia
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Chidambaram A, Prabhakaran R, Sivasamy S, Kanagasabai T, Thekkumalai M, Singh A, Tyagi MS, Dhandayuthapani S. Male Breast Cancer: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241261836. [PMID: 39043043 PMCID: PMC11271170 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241261836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC), one of the rare types of cancer among men where the global incidence rate is 1.8% of all breast cancers cases with a yearly increase in a pace of 1.1%. Since the last 10 years, the incidence has been increased from 7.2% to 10.3% and the mortality rate was decreased from 11% to 3.8%. Nevertheless, the rate of diagnoses has been expected to be around 2.6% in the near future, still there is a great lack in studies to characterize the MBC including the developed countries. Based on our search, it is evidenced from the literature that the number of risk factors for the cause of MBC are significant, which includes the increase in age, family genetic history, mutations in specific genes due to various environmental impacts, hormonal imbalance and unregulated expression receptors for specific hormones of high levels of estrogen or androgen receptors compared to females. MBCs are broadly classified into ductal and lobular carcinomas with further sub-types, with some of the symptoms including a lump or swelling in the breast, redness of flaky skin in the breast, irritation and nipple discharge that is similar to the female breast cancer (FBC). The most common diagnostic tools currently in use are the ultrasound guided sonography, mammography, and biopsies. Treatment modalities for MBC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapies. However, the guidelines followed for the diagnosis and treatment modalities of MBC are mostly based on FBC that is due to the lack of prospective studies related to MBC. However, there are distinct clinical and molecular features of MBC, it is a need to develop different clinical methods with more multinational approaches to help oncologist to improve care for MBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Chidambaram
- Department of Biochemistry, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, TN, India
| | - Rajkumar Prabhakaran
- Central Research Facility, Santosh Deemed to be University, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Sivabalan Sivasamy
- Central Research Facility, Santosh Deemed to be University, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Malarvili Thekkumalai
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Distance Education, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, TN, India
| | - Ankit Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, United Institute of Medical Sciences, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Mayurika S. Tyagi
- Department of Immuno Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Santosh Deemed to be University, Ghaziabad, UP, India
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Sahin SI, Balci S, Guler G, Altundag K. Clinicopathological analysis of 38 male patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast Dis 2024; 43:1-8. [PMID: 38363600 PMCID: PMC10894578 DOI: 10.3233/bd-230050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for one percent of all breast cancers. Due to the lack of awareness and routine screening programs, most patients present with systemic disease at the time of diagnosis with low overall survival. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the prognostic factors of male breast cancer and its correlation with established prognostic parameters and patient outcomes. METHODS Thirty-eight male breast cancer patients are identified from the MKA Breast Cancer Clinic database, and their corresponding clinical and pathological characteristics are obtained. Cut-off values of 1% and 10% are applied to further classify ER and PR results. RESULTS Older men are more likely to develop MBC than younger men and are more likely to have spread to axillary lymph nodes. Invasive ductal carcinoma is a more common histologic type in MBC. All the tested patients have ER and PR positivity. Distant metastasis developed in 17/38 (44.7%) patients. Bone metastasis is seen commonly in metastatic MBC. CONCLUSIONS According to our cohort, MBC is seen in older males, presents in later stages, and shows hormone receptor positivity and a tendency to bone involvement. MBC is a heterogenous but distinct biological entity requiring a specific clinical and pathological approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seniha Irem Sahin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Serdar Balci
- Memorial Hospital Group, Pathology Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Guler
- Bilen Pathology, Sakir Baki Sokak, Ankara, Turkey
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Nong HQ, Eastwood D, Rodriguez K, Puri V. Demographics, Characteristics, and Outcomes of Male Breast Cancer Patients at the Methodist Health System, Dallas, USA. Cureus 2023; 15:e49394. [PMID: 38146568 PMCID: PMC10749682 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and has been extensively studied; however, male BC (MBC) is rare with limited clinical data. Treatment options for MBC are extrapolated from clinical studies in BC in women and have traditionally excluded MBC cases. Over the past decade, an increase in the incidence of MBC has been seen. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively analyze the clinical, pathological, and treatment-related characteristics of MBC cases within our institution's database. MBC cases from 2010 to 2021 at Methodist Dallas Medical Center (MDMC), Dallas, USA, were reviewed retrospectively from the electronic health record and database, and clinical information was obtained. During this time period from 2010 to 2021, there was a total of 1,784 cases of BC with only eight cases (0.45%) consisting of MBC. In our cohort, 75% of MBC cases had a family history of cancer in a first-degree relative. Additionally, 100% of all MBC cases are hormone receptor-positive. No cases of MBC had HER2/neu over-expression. Fifty percent of our MBC patients were diagnosed with locally advanced tumors or metastatic disease. The overall survival (OS) of MBC in our study was 72%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Q Nong
- Internal Medicine, Methodist Dallas Medical Center, Dallas, USA
- Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | | | | | - Vichin Puri
- Surgery, Methodist Dallas Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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10
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Bradley JA, Gracie J, Mailhot Vega RB, Brooks ED, Burchianti T, Oladeru OT, Liang X, Mendenhall NP. Proton Therapy in the Treatment of Men with Breast Cancer. Int J Part Ther 2023; 10:94-104. [PMID: 38075485 PMCID: PMC10698632 DOI: 10.14338/ijpt-23-00007.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Male breast cancer treatment involves multimodality therapy, including radiation therapy; nevertheless, few men have received proton therapy (PT) for it. Further, heart disease is an established leading cause of death in men, and radiation therapy heart dose correlates with cardiac toxicity, highlighting the need for cardiac-sparing radiation techniques. Thus, we provide a descriptive analysis of PT in a male breast cancer cohort. Patients and Methods Men who received PT for localized breast cancer between 2012 and 2022 were identified from a prospective database. Toxicities were prospectively recorded by using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 4.0. Results Five male patients were identified. All had estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, Her2neu-negative disease and received adjuvant endocrine therapy. One had genetic testing positive for BRCA2, one had a variant of unknown significance (VUS) in the APC gene, and one had a VUS in MSH2. Median age was 73 years (range, 41-80). Baseline comorbidities included obesity (n = 1), diabetes (n = 1), hypertension (n = 4), history of deep vein thrombosis (n = 1), personal history of myocardial infarction (n = 3; 1 with a pacemaker), and a history of lung cancer (n = 1). All received PT to the left chest wall and comprehensive regional lymphatics. One received passive-scattering PT, and 4 received pencil beam scanning. One patient received a boost to the mastectomy incision via electrons. Median heart dose was 1 GyRBE (range, 0-1.0), median 0.1-cm3 dose to the left anterior descending artery was 7.5 GyRBE (range, 0-14.2), and median follow-up was 2 years (range, 0.75-6.5); no patient experienced a new cardiac event, and all remain free from breast cancer recurrence and progression. Conclusion In a small case series for a rare diagnosis, PT to the chest wall and regional lymphatics, including internal mammary nodes, resulted in low cardiac exposure, high local regional disease control rates, and minimal toxicity. Proton therapy should be considered for treating men with breast cancer to achieve cardiac sparing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Bradley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jayden Gracie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Raymond B. Mailhot Vega
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Eric D. Brooks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Tenna Burchianti
- University of Florida Health Proton Therapy Institute, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Xiaoying Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nancy P. Mendenhall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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McFarland BJ, Luo A, Wang X. Male breast cancer: Report of two cases with bloody nipple discharge. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:3323-3330. [PMID: 37520394 PMCID: PMC10371794 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report 2 rare cases of male breast cancer with bloody nipple discharge. Patient 1, a 32-year-old male, presented with a bloody nipple discharge from the left breast. Diagnostic workup revealed papillary ductal carcinoma in situ. Patient 1 underwent bilateral mastectomy with left axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy and has been doing well ever since. Patient 2, a 70-year-old male with concomitant metastatic prostate cancer, presented with a palpable right breast mass and with initially serous, then bloody nipple discharge. Diagnostic workup revealed invasive ductal carcinoma with ductal carcinoma in situ of the right breast. Patient 2 received aromatase inhibitor therapy prior to right total mastectomy with SLN biopsy followed by adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Patient 2 recovered without complication for 2 years until metastatic disease recurrence was detected. This case report's purpose is to increase awareness and enhance understanding of the presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of rare malignant pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braxton J. McFarland
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Alan Luo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
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Gomez AL, Altamirano GA, Alcaraz MR, Montemurro M, Schierano-Marotti G, Oddi SL, Culzoni MJ, Muñoz-de-Toro M, Bosquiazzo VL, Kass L. Mammary Gland Development in Male Rats Perinatally Exposed to Propiconazole, Glyphosate, or their Mixture. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 101:104184. [PMID: 37328086 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether perinatal exposure to propiconazole (PRO), glyphosate (GLY) or their mixture (PROGLY) alters key endocrine pathways and the development of the male rat mammary gland. To this end, pregnant rats were orally exposed to vehicle, PRO, GLY, or a mixture of PRO and GLY from gestation day 9 until weaning. Male offspring were euthanized on postnatal day (PND) 21 and PND60. On PND21, GLY-exposed rats showed reduced mammary epithelial cell proliferation, whereas PRO-exposed ones showed increased ductal p-Erk1/2 expression without histomorphological alterations. On PND60, GLY-exposed rats showed reduced mammary gland area and estrogen receptor alpha expression and increased aromatase expression, whereas PRO-exposed ones showed enhanced lobuloalveolar development and increased lobular hyperplasia. However, PROGLY did not modify any of the endpoints evaluated. In summary, PRO and GLY modified the expression of key molecules and the development of the male mammary gland individually but not together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelen L Gomez
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Altamirano
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mirta R Alcaraz
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Milagros Montemurro
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Schierano-Marotti
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sofia L Oddi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María J Culzoni
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Verónica L Bosquiazzo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Laura Kass
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Ring A, Karuturi M, Smyth EN, Lokhandwala T, Sheffield KM, Willey J, Lunacsek O, Sapunar F, Cui ZL, Coutinho A, Rybowski S. Characteristics and Outcomes in Cases of US Male Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Receiving Abemaciclib in Routine Clinical Practice. Adv Ther 2023; 40:2515-2523. [PMID: 36995468 PMCID: PMC10129913 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer in males constitutes approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases globally. Despite extensive treatment experience with abemaciclib in women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), real-world evidence in male MBC is lacking. METHODS This analysis was a part of a broader, retrospective study that analyzed electronic medical records and charts of 448 men and women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) MBC who initiated an abemaciclib-containing regimen from January 2017 through September 2019. Data were collected from the Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute and the Electronic Medical Office Logistics Health Oncology Warehouse Language™ databases and summarized descriptively. Real-world best response was described: complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), or progressive disease (PD). RESULTS Data for six male patients with MBC who were treated with abemaciclib in combination with an aromatase inhibitor (AI) or fulvestrant are presented. Four patients were aged ≥ 75 years, and four patients had ≥ 3 metastatic sites, including visceral involvement. Abemaciclib was initiated in/after third-line (≥ 3L) in four patients, and patients had history of treatment with AI (n = 4), chemotherapy (n = 3), and/or prior cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (n = 2) in the metastatic setting. Abemaciclib + fulvestrant was the most common abemaciclib-containing regimen (n = 4). Best response was documented in four patients: 1 each with CR, PR, SD, and PD. CONCLUSION Prevalence of male MBC in this dataset was consistent with expected prevalence in the broader population. Most male patients received an abemaciclib-containing regimen in ≥ 3L, with anti-cancer activity observed despite heavy metastatic burden and prior treatments in a metastatic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair Ring
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK.
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Akbari ME, Akbari A, Khayamzadeh M, Salmanian R, Akbari M. Ten-Year Survival of Breast Cancer in Iran: A National Study (Retrospective Cohort Study). Breast Care (Basel) 2023; 18:12-21. [PMID: 36876173 PMCID: PMC9982336 DOI: 10.1159/000526746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to estimate the 5- and 10-year survival rates of breast cancer in Iran. Methods This retrospective cohort study was performed in 2019 on breast cancer patients registered in the national cancer registry system of Iran during 2007-2014. The patients were contacted to collect their information and status (alive or dead). Age and pathological type of tumor were categorized into five groups, and the place of residence was divided into 13 regions. The Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model were used for data analysis. Results A total of 87,902 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer during the study, 22,307 of whom were followed-up. The 5- and 10-year survival rates of the patients were 80% and 69%, respectively. The mean age of the patients was 50.68 ± 12.76 years (median age, 49 years). About 2.3% of the patients were male. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 69% and 50% in men, respectively. The highest survival rate was reported in the age group of 40-49 years, and the lowest rate was found in the age group of ≥70 years. Of all pathological types, 88% were found in the invasive ductal carcinoma group; the highest survival rate was reported in the noninvasive carcinoma group. The highest survival rate was reported in the Tehran region and the lowest in the Hamedan region. Based on the results, the Cox proportional hazards model, sex, age group, and pathological type were statistically significant differences. Conclusion This nationwide study performed on breast cancer patients indicated an improvement in the overall survival rate of these patients over the past years (the 5-year survival rate increased from 71% in 2011 to 80% in the present study), which might be attributed to advances in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atieh Akbari
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khayamzadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Salmanian
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Akbari
- Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
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Chang HY, Liu CY, Lo YL, Chiou SH, Lu KH, Lee MC, Wang YH. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 polymorphisms and breast cancer susceptibility: Evidence from a meta-analysis. J Chin Med Assoc 2023; 86:207-219. [PMID: 36652567 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is an immune checkpoint and regulates the immune function of T cells. However, previous findings regarding the association of CTLA-4 polymorphisms and breast cancer remain inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the potential effects of five polymorphisms (-1722 T/C, -1661 A/G -318 C/T, +49 A/G, and CT60 A/G) in the CTLA-4 gene on breast cancer susceptibility. METHODS Relevant literatures were systematically searched through electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to October 10, 2021. Available data were extracted and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were used to estimate the pooling effect size. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied for assessing the quality of included studies. We conducted subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and control sources to explore levels of heterogeneity. Moreover, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were assessed. RESULTS Finally, a total of 12 eligible studies regarding CTLA-4 polymorphisms and breast cancer were included. For overall analyses, only the +49 A/G polymorphism was significantly associated with breast cancer under allelic (OR = 1.19), dominant (OR = 1.27), and recessive (OR = 1.27) models. Ethnicity-based subgroup analysis found that the +49 A/G polymorphism has a significant risk (OR = 2.03) of breast cancer under the recessive model in the non-Asian population. Studies with hospital-based controls showed that the +49 A/G polymorphism has significant breast cancer risks under allelic (OR = 1.44), dominant (OR = 1.86), and recessive (OR = 1.60) models. In addition, those with population-based controls found that -1722 T/C polymorphism has a significant breast cancer risk under allelic (OR = 1.19) and dominant (OR = 1.26) models. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that CTLA-4 + 49 A/G polymorphism may significantly associate with breast cancer susceptibility. Future studies containing various populations are helpful for evaluating the impacts of CTLA-4 polymorphisms on breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yun Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Yu Liu
- Division of Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Li Lo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Stem Cell & Genomic Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Cheng Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Hung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
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Xin Y, Wang F, Ren D, Zhao F, Zhao J. Male Breast Cancer: Three Case Reports and a Literature Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2023; 23:2161-2169. [PMID: 37605409 DOI: 10.2174/1871520623666230821124008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for 0.5%-1% of all breast cancers diagnosed worldwide. However, its biological characteristics can be distinguished from that of female breast cancer (FBC). CASE REPRESENTATION The diagnostic and treatment approaches for MBC are mainly similar to that of FBC due to the lack of male breast cancer-related studies, clinical trials, and literature. An increasing number of retrospective and prospective studies have been conducted to clarify the individualized care for MBC. Herein, we report three cases of advanced MBC to describe the diagnostic approaches, treatment process, and survival prognosis. CONCLUSION MBC patients had older age, later stage at first diagnosis, higher expression of hormone receptors, and poor prognosis. A literature review was conducted to determine the incidence, risk factors, disease features, diagnosis, treatment, survival, and management of MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Xin
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Pathology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Dengfeng Ren
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Fuxing Zhao
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Jiuda Zhao
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
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Caputo R, Fabi A, Romagnoli E, Baldini E, Grasso D, Fenderico N, Michelotti A. Ribociclib Plus Letrozole in Italian Male Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Case Studies of Phase 3b CompLEEment-1 Trial. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2022; 14:351-362. [PMID: 36267663 PMCID: PMC9576937 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s376902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Male breast cancer (BC) is rare, globally constituting only 0.5-1% of all patients with BC. In Italy, more than 2000 new male BC cases were registered between 2000 and 2014. The survival rate was lower in males than in females. Delayed diagnosis may be the reason for poorer outcome observed in male BC patients compared with female patients. Due to lack of substantial evidence and low availability of published data on male BC, the current treatment recommendations are based on evidence derived from trials on female patients. In Italy, most of the male BC patients are estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive. Targeted therapy in combination with endocrine therapy provides a clinically meaningful outcome in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR-positive), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative) advanced BC. CompLEEment-1 is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase 3b trial investigating the safety and efficacy of a CDK4/6 inhibitor, ribociclib, in combination with letrozole in men and women. Herein, we report the results from a retrospective analysis of five Italian male patients who completed the core phase. In this case series, the combination of ribociclib and letrozole was well tolerated and appeared to be effective in the male cohort with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced BC in Italy. CompLEEment-1 trial representative of a real-world setting would add value by supporting the existing efficacy and safety profile of ribociclib in combination with letrozole in male patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced BC. ClinicalTrialsgov Registration Number NCT02941926.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Caputo
- Dipartimento di Senologia, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, IRCCS, Naples, Italy,Correspondence: Roberta Caputo, Dipartimento di Senologia, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, Napoli, 80131, Italy, Tel +39 3339714308, Fax +39 0815903726, Email
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena - Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri, Rome, Italy,Precision Medicine in Breast Cancer, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Scientific Directorate, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Editta Baldini
- Director of the U.O.C. Medical Oncology, San Luca Hospital via Guglielmo Lippi Francesconi, Lucca, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Michelotti
- UO Oncologia Medica 1, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Ospedale S. Chiara, Pisa, Italy
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Rim CH, Lee WJ, Musaev B, Volichevich TY, Pazlitdinovich ZY, Lee HY, Nigmatovich TM, Rim JS. Comparison of Breast Cancer and Cervical Cancer in Uzbekistan and Korea: The First Report of The Uzbekistan-Korea Oncology Consortium. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1428. [PMID: 36295588 PMCID: PMC9610191 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
In general, as a country's economy, education level, and life expectancy increase, the incidence of cancer increases. This is because the peak incidence of cancer occurs in individuals in their 70s and 80s, and the health proportion of non-communicable diseases increases with the development of the living environment. Changes in diet, lifestyle and enhanced methods of detection contribute to an increase in cancer incidence as well. Recently, Uzbekistan has grown rapidly, and its incidence of cancer is also increasing. In the health management of cancer, not only treatment but also the identification and prevention of causes and effective screening should be considered. South Korea has a common ethnicity with Uzbekistan and has successfully performed national screening for seven major cancers over the past 20 years. The 5-year survival rate after cancer diagnosis in Korea was only 42.9% 20 years ago, but recently it has improved to 70.7%. We formed an advisory consortium in which oncologists from Uzbekistan and Korea could cooperate for cancer management in Uzbekistan. This advisory consortium intends to present the necessary considerations and recommendations for cancer management in Uzbekistan by examining the literature and cancer statistics of Uzbekistan and South Korea. In addition to the overall analysis, we identified and reviewed the major cancers with high morbidity in three categories in Uzbekistan: gynecological cancer (breast and cervical cancer), cancer common in men (lung and liver cancer), and gastrointestinal cancer (stomach and colorectal cancer). This review covers the general cancer statistics of Uzbekistan and a detailed review of gynecological cancer between two countries, and relevant recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chai Hong Rim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Won Jae Lee
- Department of Healthcare Management, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
| | - Bekhzood Musaev
- Minister, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100086, Uzbekistan
| | - Ten Yakov Volichevich
- Republican Specialized Scientific Practical-Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology, Farobiy Street 383, Tashkent 100179, Uzbekistan
| | - Ziyayev Yakhyo Pazlitdinovich
- Republican Specialized Scientific Practical-Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology, Farobiy Street 383, Tashkent 100179, Uzbekistan
| | - Hye Yoon Lee
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | | | - Jae Suk Rim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Korea
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Jackson T, Carmichael C, Lovett K, Scott M, Shakya S, Sotak M. Approach to the patient with a palpable breast mass. JAAPA 2022; 35:22-28. [PMID: 36069843 DOI: 10.1097/01.jaa.0000873772.13779.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Breast mass is a common finding in patients presenting to primary care, women's health, or urgent care clinics. There are multiple etiologies that can cause a palpable breast mass both benign and malignant. PAs must know how to approach a patient with a palpable breast mass as well as what appropriate diagnostic evaluation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Jackson
- Toni Jackson is an assistant professor in the PA program at Wake Forest School of Medicine in Winston-Salem, N.C. At the time this article was written, Caroline Carmichael, Katie Lovett, Morgan Scott, Sabrina Shakya , and Megan Sotak were students in the PA program at Wake Forest School of Medicine. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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Wang D, Yang L, Yang Y, Chen M, Yang H. Nomogram for predicting distant metastasis of male breast cancer: A SEER population-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30978. [PMID: 36181026 PMCID: PMC9524899 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to build a prediction model for male breast cancer (MBC) patients to predict the possibility of distant metastasis. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to obtain data on patients with MBC. The patients were divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7:3. The risk variables of distant metastasis in the training set were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. And then we integrated those risk factors to construct the nomogram. The prediction nomogram was further verified in the verification set. The discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plots, respectively. A total of 1974 patients (1381 in training set and 593 in validation set) were eligible for final inclusion, of whom 149 (7.55%) had distant metastasis at the diagnosed time. Multivariate logistic regression analyses presented that age, T stage, N stage, and hormone receptor status were independent risk factors for distant metastasis at initial diagnosis of male breast cancer. Finally, the 4 variables were combined to construct the nomogram. The area under the curve values for the nomogram established in the training set and validation set were 0.8224 (95%CI: 0.7796-0.8652) and 0.8631 (95%CI: 0.7937-0.9326), suggesting that the nomogram had good predictive power. The calibration plots illustrated an acceptable correlation between the prediction by nomogram and the actual observation, as the calibration curve was closed to the diagonal bisector line. An easy-to-use nomogram, being proven to be with reliable discrimination ability and accuracy, was established to predict distant metastasis for male patients with breast cancer using the easily available risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
- *Correspondence: Hongwei Yang, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, NO.127 Desheng West Road, Chuanshan District, Suining City, Sichuan Province, China (e-mail: )
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Poddar NK, Agarwal D, Agrawal Y, Wijayasinghe YS, Mukherjee A, Khan S. Deciphering the enigmatic crosstalk between prostate cancer and Alzheimer's disease: A current update on molecular mechanisms and combination therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166524. [PMID: 35985445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prostate cancer (PCa) are considered the leading causes of death in elderly people worldwide. Although both these diseases have striking differences in their pathologies, a few underlying mechanisms are similar when cell survival is considered. In the current study, we employed an in-silico approach to decipher the possible role of bacterial proteins in the initiation and progression of AD and PCa. We further analyzed the molecular connections between these two life-threatening diseases. The androgen deprivation therapy used against PCa has been shown to promote castrate resistant PCa as well as AD. In addition, cell signaling pathways, such as Akt, IGF, and Wnt contribute to the progression of both AD and PCa. Besides, various proteins and genes are also common in disease progression. One such similarity is mTOR signaling. mTOR is the common downstream target for many signaling pathways and plays a vital role in both PCa and AD. Targeting mTOR can be a favorable line of treatment for both AD and PCa. However, drug resistance is one of the challenges in effective drug therapy. A few drugs that target mTOR have now become ineffective due to the development of resistance. In that regard, phytochemicals can be a rich source of novel drug candidates as they can act via multiple mechanisms. This review also presents mTOR targeting phytochemicals with promising anti-PCa, anti-AD activities, and approaches to overcome the issues associated with phytochemical-based therapies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Kumar Poddar
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India.
| | - Disha Agarwal
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Yamini Agrawal
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | | | - Arunima Mukherjee
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, PO Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Lab Technology, Indian Institute of health and Technology (IIHT), Deoband, 247554 Saharanpur, UP, India.
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Ou Q, Li YD, Chen J, Yuan LL, Li W. A Very rare case report of male invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma in China and review of literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 97:107408. [PMID: 35868130 PMCID: PMC9403101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To report a rare case of male breast micropapillary carcinoma (MBMC) with early metastasis of axillary lymph nodes, the molecular characteristics were further studied in both primary and metastatic foci. In addition, we have reviewed similar published cases in the literature and tried to outline the molecular characteristics of this disease. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 63-year-old male patient presented with a painless mass on the medial side of left breast and was pathologically diagnosed with MBMC. Postoperative examination revealed 80 % invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 20 % invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) in the mass, with a histological grade WHO III. There were 25 axillary lymph nodes, 11 of which were metastatic, including 5 macrometastasis and 1 micrometastasis, with a lymph node metastasis rate of 44 % (11/25). Pathological TNM stage: pT2N2M0. Immunohistochemical results in primary foci: AR (90 %, +), HER- 2 (1 +) and ER (90 %, +), PR (60 %, +), E - cadherin (+), EGFR (-), GATA - 3 (90 %, 3 +), Ki - 67 (50 %). Lymph node metastasis: AR (40 %, strong +), HER-2 (2+), ER (90 %, strong +), PR (40 %, strong +), Ki-67 (50 %). AR and Ki-67 were obviously expressed in both primary and metastatic foci. A mixture of IDC and IMPC was found in lymph node metastases, both of which expressed varying degrees of AR and Ki-67. CLINICAL DISCUSSION MBMC is easy to early metastasized to lymph node. In this case, there was no significant difference between primary and metastatic cancer in molecular results. It is positive for ER and PR, but negative for HER-2 in this patient. There is few data on male HER-2 expression, HER-2 expression is deficient in this case. AR is found to be positive in 50 % of MBMC cases, although their clinical relevance has not been established yet. The significance of EGFR in the prognosis of MBMC remains unclear, however, EGFR positive expression is not found in this patient. CONCLUSIONS MBMC is a rare disease characterized by early lymph node metastasis, high histological grade, positive ER and PR, and generally negative HER-2. The molecular biological characteristics and prognostic significance of MBMC need to be further studied in order to develop the optimal treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ou
- Department of General Surgery, The Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China,Pathology Institute of HBMU, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China
| | - Ying-dong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China
| | - Lin-lin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China
| | - Wenfang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China,Corresponding author.
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23
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Azoulay L. Rationale, Strengths, and Limitations of Real-World Evidence in Oncology: A Canadian Review and Perspective. Oncologist 2022; 27:e731-e738. [PMID: 35762676 PMCID: PMC9438907 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) continue to be the basis for essential evidence regarding the efficacy of interventions such as cancer therapies. Limitations associated with RCT designs, including selective study populations, strict treatment regimens, and being time-limited, mean they do not provide complete information about an intervention’s safety or the applicability of the trial’s results to a wider range of patients seen in real-world clinical practice. For example, recent data from Alberta showed that almost 40% of patients in the province’s cancer registry would be trial-ineligible per common exclusion criteria. Real-world evidence (RWE) offers an opportunity to complement the RCT evidence base with this kind of information about safety and about use in wider patient populations. It is also increasingly recognized for being able to provide information about an intervention’s effectiveness and is considered by regulators as an important component of the evidence base in drug approvals. Here, we examine the limitations of RCTs in oncology research, review the different types of RWE available in this area, and discuss the strengths and limitations of RWE for complementing RCT oncology data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Azoulay
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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24
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De Silva F, Alcorn J. A Tale of Two Cancers: A Current Concise Overview of Breast and Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2954. [PMID: 35740617 PMCID: PMC9220807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global issue, and it is expected to have a major impact on our continuing global health crisis. As populations age, we see an increased incidence in cancer rates, but considerable variation is observed in survival rates across different geographical regions and cancer types. Both breast and prostate cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although cancer statistics indicate improvements in some areas of breast and prostate cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, such statistics clearly convey the need for improvements in our understanding of the disease, risk factors, and interventions to improve life span and quality of life for all patients, and hopefully to effect a cure for people living in developed and developing countries. This concise review compiles the current information on statistics, pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments associated with breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklyn De Silva
- Drug Discovery & Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 104 Clinic Place, Health Sciences Building, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Jane Alcorn
- Drug Discovery & Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 104 Clinic Place, Health Sciences Building, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
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25
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Zhang LP, Lin H, Wang AJ. Development and validation of a nomogram to predict survival for advanced male breast cancer. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14479. [PMID: 35618959 DOI: 10.1111/and.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer is a rare disease. Many experiences of male breast cancer were derived of female breast cancer. However, there are huge differences between two groups. We conducted this study to find a reliable prognostic model for advanced male breast cancer. The cohort was selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into training and validation group. The univariate and multivariate analyses were used for prognostic assessment and a nomogram was built. Calibration curves and concordance index were compiled to determine predictive and discriminatory capacity. The time-dependent receiver operating curves and the decision curve analysis was used to verify the model's ability. Two hundred and eighty individuals were enrolled. The cumulative rates of 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 98.6%, 72% and 57.9%. The C-indexes for OS were 0.835 (95%CI, 0.777-0.893) in the training group and 0.765 (95%CI, 0.668-0.862) in the validation group. The calibration curves confirmed the consistency of the nomogram both in the training and validation group. The time-dependent receiver operating curves and decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram had better prediction capacity than TNM stage system for advanced male breast cancer. The nomogram we built was a reliable and solid predictive model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, People's Republic of China
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26
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Phytochemical-conjugated bio-safe gold nanoparticles in breast cancer: a comprehensive update. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:761-777. [PMID: 35578088 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is rated among one of the three common malignancies worldwide in combination with colon and lung cancer. The escalating mortality rate of breast cancer patients has captivated the attention of the present-day researchers to come up with new management options. According to WHO, early detection, timely diagnosis and comprehensive breast cancer management are the three cornerstones for controlling breast cancer incidences per year. Multidisciplinary theragnostic approaches for simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have further enriched the therapeutic arsenal. Imaging and biopsy play a significant role in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The treatment plan mostly initiates with general surgery or radiation therapy followed up with adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant therapy. Conventional chemotherapeutics in breast cancer suffer from toxicity and lack of site specificity. Bio-safe gold nanoparticles hold sufficient promise for bridging this gap. Diverse phytochemicals-based synthesis routes to arrive at nano-dimensional gold with spotlight on reaction mechanisms, reaction variables, specific advantages, toxicity and their influence in breast cancer conditions are the focus of this work. This review marks the first attempt to explore the potential of phytochemical-derived nano-gold in breast cancer treatment.
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27
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Male breast cancer after childhood cancer: Systematic review and analyses in the PanCareSurFup cohort. Eur J Cancer 2022; 165:27-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Rogers CC, Pope S, Whitfield F, Cohn WF, Valdez RS. The lived experience during the peri-diagnostic period of breast cancer: A scoping review. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2022; 105:547-585. [PMID: 34210570 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the existing research that investigates the lived experience during the peri-diagnostic period of breast cancer. METHODS Nine databases were searched for relevant literature between January 2007 and April 2019. Data were extracted and categorized using deductive and inductive approaches. RESULTS A majority of the 66 studies included used qualitative methods to retrospectively explore the treatment decision making process of female breast cancer patients. Patients experienced uncertainty, emotional distress, and a need for more information from providers and relied on social support and family guidance during this period. CONCLUSIONS The results of this review show that the burdens experienced during the peri-diagnostic period parallel those in later periods of cancer care. However, these burdens are prompted by different circumstances. More research is needed to explore the lived experience during this period through the use of mixed-methods and by recruiting a diverse sample with regards to role in the breast cancer experience, age, gender, race, and ethnicity. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Interventions positioned at earlier points in the breast cancer experience should provide informational support, which could be delivered through shared decision making models. Additional support could be facilitated by patient navigation programs and health information technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney C Rogers
- Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Shannon Pope
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Francesca Whitfield
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Wendy F Cohn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Rupa S Valdez
- Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
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29
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Zeeshan S, Siddiqiui T, Shaukat F, Tariq MU, Khan N, Vohra L. Male Breast Cancer: The Three Decades' Experience of a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Lower-Middle Income Country. Cureus 2022; 14:e22670. [PMID: 35386144 PMCID: PMC8967081 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Male breast cancer is uncommon and managed on the guidelines of female breast cancer due to tumor rarity. We sought to identify the incidence, clinicopathological features, and survival of all male breast cancer patients managed in our hospital. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan, from January 1986 to December 2018. Demographic data, treatment records, and follow-up data of all male breast cancer patients who were treated at AKUH was reviewed. Results Thirty-eight out of 42 patients who presented over a period of 32 years were included. The mean age was 63 years. The most common tumor type and subtype were invasive ductal carcinoma (89.5%) and luminal A (73.7%), respectively. The majority (36.8%) of the patients presented at stage III. Among 30 (78.9%) patients who underwent surgery, mastectomy was performed in 30 (78.9%), upfront axillary clearance in 24 (63.2%), axillary sampling in five (15.1%) cases, and sentinel lymph node biopsy in one (2.6%) case. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 10 (26.3%) patients, and adjuvant chemotherapy to eight (21.1%) patients. Adjuvant hormonal treatment was administered to 22 (57.9%) patients, and 13 (34%) patients received adjuvant radiation to the chest wall. The five-year overall survival was 38.2% and the median survival was 36 months. The five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was found to be 33.7%. Conclusion Breast cancer in males presents at an advanced stage with poor survival. Multicenter studies are required to accurately identify incidence, prognostic factors, and outcomes in order to have a better understanding of its management.
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30
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Ahmed U, Wagner S, Jordan S. Mucinous carcinoma in a male patient: Diagnosis and management of breast cancer in male patients. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:124-128. [PMID: 34815818 PMCID: PMC8591396 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer is a rare but serious condition that impacts an increasing number of men each year. Due to low incidence rate, there is a current lack of established diagnostic and management practices. Here, we provide a review of the current epidemiology, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of male breast cancer. We present a rare case of mucinous breast cancer in a 74-year-old male patient detected after he presented with a retroareolar mass. The patient underwent mammography, targeted ultrasound, and ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy, which established the diagnosis. He was treated surgically with left mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy with axillary lymph node dissection, followed by post-adjuvant tamoxifen and has remained free of recurrence and metastasis since.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Ahmed
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 321 South Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - Sean Wagner
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 321 South Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
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31
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Hanna M, Solly M. Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Rare Clinical Presentation in a Male Patient. Cureus 2021; 13:e20547. [PMID: 35103127 PMCID: PMC8769931 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A 74-year-old male presented for evaluation of a right breast mass that the patient had self-detected a few weeks prior. This gentleman had an extensive family history of cancer, with a father (70 years old) and daughter (31 years old) with breast cancer, a sister with rectal cancer (70 years old), and a son and daughter with a pathogenic variant of the breast cancer (BRCA) gene. As with women, the frequency of malignancy increases with age. Many similar risk factors are noted to overlap between male and female presentations. Men tend to have similar profiles and presentations as postmenopausal women. The vast majority are diagnosed early, and less than 5% present with metastatic disease. This case report highlights the imaging presentation of this rare diagnosis and reviews its etiology and pathophysiology.
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32
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Caldarone A, Piccotti F, Morasso C, Truffi M, Sottotetti F, Guerra C, Albasini S, Agozzino M, Villani L, Corsi F. Raman analysis of microcalcifications in male breast cancer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120185. [PMID: 34298281 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcalcifications (MCs) are important disease markers for breast cancer. Many studies were conducted on their characterization in female breast cancer (FBC), but no information is available on their composition in male breast cancer (MBC). Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a molecular spectroscopy that can rapidly explore the biochemical composition of MCs without requiring any staining protocol. In this study, we optimized an algorithm to identify the mineral components present in MCs from Raman images. The algorithm was then used to study and compare MCs identified on breast cancer pieces from male and female patients. In total, we analyzed 41 MCs from 5 invasive MBC patients and 149 MCs from 13 invasive FBC patients. Results show that hydroxyapatite is the most abundant type of calcium both in MBC and FBC. However, some differences in the amount and distribution of calcium minerals are present between the two groups. Besides, we observed that MCs in MBC have a higher amount of organic material (collagen) than FBC. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first overview of the composition of MCs present in MBC patients; and suggests that these patients have specific features that differentiate them from the previously studied FBC. Our result support thus the need for studies designed explicitly to the understanding of MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Piccotti
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Morasso
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Truffi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Sottotetti
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Guerra
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Albasini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Agozzino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Villani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy.
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33
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Mampunye L, van der Merwe NC, Grant KA, Peeters AV, Torrorey-Sawe R, French DJ, Moremi KE, Kidd M, van Eeden PC, Pienaar FM, Kotze MJ. Pioneering BRCA1/2 Point-Of-Care Testing for Integration of Germline and Tumor Genetics in Breast Cancer Risk Management: A Vision for the Future of Translational Pharmacogenomics. Front Oncol 2021; 11:619817. [PMID: 34660253 PMCID: PMC8513538 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.619817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research performed in South African (SA) breast, ovarian and prostate cancer patients resulted in the development of a rapid BRCA point-of-care (POC) assay designed as a time- and cost-effective alternative to laboratory-based technologies currently used for first-tier germline DNA testing. In this study the performance of the new assay was evaluated for use on a portable screening device (ParaDNA), with the long-term goal to enable rollout at POC as an inventive step to meet the World Health Organization’s sustainable development goals for Africa. DNA samples for germline testing were obtained retrospectively from 50 patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer referred for genomic tumor profiling (MammaPrint). Currently, SA patients with the luminal-type breast cancer are not routinely selected for BRCA1/2 testing as is the case for triple-negative disease. An initial evaluation involved the use of multiple control samples representing each of the pathogenic founder/recurrent variants included in the BRCA 1.0 POC Research Assay. Comparison with a validated laboratory-based first-tier real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay demonstrated 100% concordance. Clinical utility was evident in five patients with the founder BRCA2 c.7934delG variant, identified at the 10% (5/50) threshold considered cost-effective for BRCA1/2 testing. BRCA2 c.7934delG carrier status was associated with a significantly younger age (p=0.03) at diagnosis of breast cancer compared to non-carriers. In three of the BRCA2 c.7934delG carriers a high-risk MammaPrint 70-gene profile was noted, indicating a significantly increased risk for both secondary cancers and breast cancer recurrence. Initiating germline DNA testing at the POC for clinical interpretation early in the treatment planning process, will increase access to the most common pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants identified in SA and reduce loss to follow-up for timely gene-targeted risk reduction intervention. The ease of using cheek swabs/saliva in future for result generation within approximately one hour assay time, coupled with low cost and a high BRCA1/2 founder variant detection rate, will improve access to genomic medicine in Africa. Application of translational pharmacogenomics across ethnic groups, irrespective of age, family history, tumor subtype or recurrence risk profile, is imperative to sustainably implement preventative healthcare and improve clinical outcome in resource-constrained clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lwando Mampunye
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nerina C van der Merwe
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Armand V Peeters
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rispah Torrorey-Sawe
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Immunology Department, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - David J French
- Division of Health Science and Innovation, LGC Limited, Teddington, United Kingdom
| | - Kelebogile E Moremi
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martin Kidd
- Centre for Statistical Consultation, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | | | - Maritha J Kotze
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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34
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Lin AP, Huang TW, Tam KW. Treatment of male breast cancer: meta-analysis of real-world evidence. Br J Surg 2021; 108:1034-1042. [PMID: 34476472 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is rare in men and managed by extrapolating from breast cancer in women. The clinicopathological features of male breast cancer, however, differ from those of female breast cancer. Because clinical trials are rare, the synthesis of real-world data is one method of integrating sufficient evidence on the optimal treatment for this patient population. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Clinical studies were included if they evaluated the treatments of interest in male breast cancer; these evaluations included breast-conserving surgery (BCS) versus mastectomy, postmastectomy radiation therapy versus no radiation, the accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), and a comparison of various endocrine therapies. RESULTS Forty studies were retrieved. The pooled estimate of overall survival (OS) revealed no difference between BCS and mastectomy groups. Postmastectomy radiation to the chest wall significantly increased OS relative to no postmastectomy radiation (hazard ratio (HR) 0.67, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.54 to 0.84). The pooled estimates of identification and false-negative rates of SLNB were 97.4 and 7.4 per cent respectively. Tamoxifen treatment was associated with significantly increased OS compared with no tamoxifen intake (HR 0.62, 0.41 to 0.95). CONCLUSION Identification and false-negative rates for SLNB were comparable to those in female breast cancer. Breast-conserving surgery can be effective and safe; postmastectomy radiation to the chest wall and 5-year tamoxifen treatment improves survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-W Huang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K-W Tam
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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35
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Bhattacharya T, Dutta S, Akter R, Rahman MH, Karthika C, Nagaswarupa HP, Murthy HCA, Fratila O, Brata R, Bungau S. Role of Phytonutrients in Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics Perspective in Curing Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1176. [PMID: 34439842 PMCID: PMC8394348 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common type of cancer and an important contributor to female mortality. Several genes and epigenetic modifications are involved in the development and progression of BC. Research in phytochemistry, nutrigenomics, and nutrigenetics has provided strong evidence that certain phytonutrients are able to modulate gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Such phytonutrients may also be beneficial to prevent and treat BC. In this review, we will focus on the nutrigenomic effects of various phytochemicals including polyphenols, phytosterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, and other compounds from different sources. Overall, these phytonutrients are found to inhibit BC cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and induce apoptotic cell death by targeting various molecular pathways. They also alter epigenetic mechanisms and enhance the chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity of cancer cells. Such phytochemicals may be used for the effective management of BC patients in the clinical setting in the future. The present article aims to summarize the specific molecular pathways involved in the genetic effects of phytochemicals in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanima Bhattacharya
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
- Techno India NJR Institute of Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313003, India
| | - Soumam Dutta
- Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, Calcutta 700027, India;
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Sadarghat, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh;
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Chenmala Karthika
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, India;
| | | | - Hanabe Chowdappa Ananda Murthy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama P.O. Box 1888, Ethiopia;
| | - Ovidiu Fratila
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (O.F.); (R.B.)
| | - Roxana Brata
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (O.F.); (R.B.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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Noor F, Noor A, Ishaq AR, Farzeen I, Saleem MH, Ghaffar K, Aslam MF, Aslam S, Chen JT. Recent Advances in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2344-2365. [PMID: 33655849 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210303141416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A silent monster, breast cancer, is a challenging medical task for researchers. Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women with respect to other cancers. A case of breast cancer is diagnosed among women every 19 seconds, and every 74 seconds, a woman dies of breast cancer somewhere in the world. Several risk factors, such as genetic and environmental factors, favor breast cancer development. This review tends to provide deep insights regarding the genetics of breast cancer along with multiple diagnostic and therapeutic approaches as problem-solving negotiators to prevent the progression of breast cancer. This assembled data mainly aims to discuss omics-based approaches to provide enthralling diagnostic biomarkers and emerging novel therapies to combat breast cancer. This review article intends to pave a new path for the discovery of effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Noor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Noor
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza Ishaq
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Iqra Farzeen
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Kanwal Ghaffar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhan Aslam
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sidra Aslam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, China
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Liu K, Lin C, Zhang L. Novel Prediction Models for Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma at Different Anatomical Sites. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 79:2358-2369. [PMID: 34331871 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The individualized prediction of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OC-SCC) is essential and should be as comprehensive as possible. The aim of this study was to identify new risk factors and develop nomograms comparing all anatomic sites of the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. All patients with OC-SCC diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 were selected and divided into the training cohort and the validation cohort. Age, gender, race, marital status, primary site, tumor grade, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, TNM stage, surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were identified as predictor variables. The overall survival (OS) and disease specific survival (DSS) were identified as outcome variables. Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test, univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis were performed. Independent prognostic factors were used to develop 3- and 5-year nomograms. Hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) showed the influence of each factor on OS or DSS. Concordance indexes (C-indexes) and calibration curves verified the nomograms internally and externally. RESULTS A total of 12,346 patients were included. Marital status and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors (P < .05). Tumors occurring on the cheek mucosa had the highest risk in OS (HR, 2.0, 95% CI, 1.7-2.3) and DSS (HR, 4.7, 95% CI, 3.6-6.0), while tumors occurring on the lip had the lowest risk in OS (HR, 1.0) and DSS (HR,1.0). The C-indexes for OS in the training and validation sets were 0.767 and 0.770, respectively, and for DSS were 0.800 and 0.799, respectively. CONCLUSION Marital status and chemotherapy independently affect OC-SCC patients' survival. The prognosis is least favorable for tumors occurring on the cheek mucosa and most favorable for tumors occurring on the lip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Liu
- Resident, School of Clinical Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Resident, School of Clinical Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linkun Zhang
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Professor, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China.
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Adel A, Abdel-Halim MRE, Abdel-Galeil Y. Ulcerated Nipple Nodule, Clinicopathologic Challenge: Answer. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:466-467. [PMID: 34006735 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Adel
- Dermatology Department, El-Mataria Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt ; and
| | - Mona R E Abdel-Halim
- Dermatopathology Unit, Dermatology Department, Cairo University, Kasr Al Aini Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yosra Abdel-Galeil
- Dermatology Department, El-Mataria Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt ; and
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Abstract
Male breast cancer is a rarely encountered disease, when compared with female breast cancer, often detected in more advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, and associated with more lymph node metastasis rates, more estrogen receptors positivity, and less human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 expression (HER-2) rates. Surgical management also shows some difference, where the most common operative technique of male breast cancer patients is mastectomy and/or axillary surgery. Triple-negative breast cancer is less frequent than other subtypes and is associated with poorer prognosis. This is because of its association with higher histopathological grade than that in other types of breast cancer. Only fewer treatment options are available compared to hormone-positive, HER-2 positive breast cancer. We are present a case of 71-year-old gentleman with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasif Qavi
- Surgery, Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, Basildon, GBR
| | - Firas Alkistawi
- Surgery, Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, Basildon, GBR
| | - Shashi Kumar
- Surgery, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Basildon, GBR
| | - Rizwan Ahmed
- Surgery, Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, GBR
| | - Abdalla Saad Abdalla Al-Zawi
- Breast Surgery, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, GBR.,Breast Surgery, Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, Basildon, GBR.,General Surgery, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Basildon, GBR
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Abstract
No national data have been available on descriptive epidemiology of mammary Paget's disease (MPD) in China. This population-based study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MPD and its pattens by sex, age and area in China. We conducted a population-based study using data in 2016 from China's Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance and Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance, covering approximately 0.43 billion residents. MPD cases were identified based on the diagnostic names and codes in claim data. A total of 825 patients of confirmed diagnosis of MPD were found during the study period. The prevalence of MPD in 2016 was 0.42 per 100,000 population (95% CI 0.19 to 0.73), with marked female predominance. The prevalence rates peaked at 40-59 years and ≥ 80 years in females and males, respectively. The prevalence rates varied among different regions, ranging from 0.06 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.23) in Northeast China to 1.21 (95% CI 0.07 to 3.72) in Northwest China. MPD showed marked female predominance in China. Chinese female patients were much younger, with lower prevalence than that in the United States. Obvious sex difference in the age pattern of MPD prevalence was also observed in China.
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41
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Hoover JC, Alenazi AM, Alshehri MM, Alqahtani BA, Alothman S, Sarmento C, Yahya A, Rucker JL, Kluding PM. Recruiting and Retaining Patients with Breast Cancer in Exercise Trials: A Meta-analysis. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Kwan JYY, Famiyeh P, Su J, Xu W, Kwan BYM, Jones JM, Chang E, Yip KW, Liu FF. Development and Validation of a Risk Model for Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2024373. [PMID: 33175175 PMCID: PMC7658732 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.24373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Approximately 1 in 5 patients with breast cancer who undergo axillary lymph node dissection will develop lymphedema. To appropriately triage and monitor these patients for timely diagnosis and treatment, robust risk models are required. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of mammographic breast density in estimating lymphedema severity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prognostic study collected data from July 16, 2018, to March 3, 2020, from the electronic health records of patients of the Cancer Rehabilitation and Survivorship Program at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Participants included women who had completed curative treatment for a first diagnosis of breast cancer and who were referred to the program. Also included were a sample of patients in the general breast oncology population who were receiving follow-up care at the center during the same period but who were not referred to the program. All patients attended follow-up appointments at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre from January 1, 2016, to May 1, 2018. The cohort was randomly split 2:1 to group patients into a training cohort and a validation cohort. EXPOSURES Participant demographic and clinical characteristics included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), medical history, cancer characteristics, and cancer treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Spearman correlation coefficient between measured and predicted volume of lymphedema was calculated. Area under the curve (AUC) values were generated for predicting the occurrence of at least mild lymphedema (volume, >200 mL) and severe lymphedema (volume, >500 mL) at the time of initial lymphedema diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 373 female patients (median [interquartile range] age, 52.3 [45.9-60.1] years) were eligible for this analysis. Multivariate linear regression identified 3 patient factors (age, BMI, and mammographic breast density), 1 cancer factor (number of pathological lymph nodes), and 1 treatment factor (axillary lymph node dissection) as independent prognostic variables. In validation testing, Spearman correlation revealed a statistically significant moderate correlation (coefficient, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.26-0.56; P < .001) between measured volume and predicted volume of lymphedema. The AUC values were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60-0.83) for predicting the occurrence of mild lymphedema and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.74-0.93) for severe lymphedema. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This prognostic study found that patients with low breast density appeared to be at a higher risk of developing severe lymphedema. The finding suggests that by combining breast density with established risk factors a multivariate linear regression model could be used to predict the development of lymphedema and provide volumetric estimates of lymphedema severity in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petra Famiyeh
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Biostatistics Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Biostatistics Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Yin Ming Kwan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer M. Jones
- Cancer Rehabilitation and Survivorship Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eugene Chang
- Cancer Rehabilitation and Survivorship Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth W. Yip
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bharti S, Bharti JN, Vishnoi JR, Soudamini AB. A rare case of intraductal papilloma with atypical ductal hyperplasia in a male breast: A pathological diagnosis. J Family Community Med 2020; 27:216-218. [PMID: 33354154 PMCID: PMC7745788 DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_230_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer is itself a very rare condition and represents 0.5%–1% of all breast cancers diagnosed. Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), intraductal papilloma (IP), and ductal carcinoma in situ are also very rare in a male breast. Only a few cases of ADH with gynecomastia have been reported in English literature until now. Here, we report a rare case of an IP with ADH associated with gynecomastia in an elderly male, who complained of right nipple pain, discharge, and tiny retroareolar mass. Mammography showed a subareolar nodule graded as the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System 4B. It is difficult to differentiate, both clinically and radiologically, between benign and malignant papillary lesions and invasive carcinoma, because of the similarity of findings. Hence, any male with palpable unilateral hard fixed lesions in the retroareolar region with complaints of nipple discharge, skin changes, or axillary lymphadenopathy should have a histopathological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Bharti
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyotsna Naresh Bharti
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jeewan Ram Vishnoi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arsha B Soudamini
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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44
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Coyle EA, Taj H, Comba I, Vasquez J, Zayat V. Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma: A Rare Case of Male Breast Cancer. Cureus 2020; 12:e10571. [PMID: 33101816 PMCID: PMC7577302 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is a rare form of breast cancer, accounting for 3.8-5.9% of all breast cancer types. Less than 1% of all breast cancer occurs in men and there have been only nine other cases of IMPC specifically in male patients reported in the literature. This case presents a 77-year-old Caucasian man who was found to have IMPC of the left breast after presenting for a painless mass in the left lower subareolar region. After a left modified radical mastectomy, the patient was found to have only one metastatic lymph node with his variant of IMPC being less aggressive requiring no further treatment other than annual surveillance with mammography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Coyle
- Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Hiffsa Taj
- Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Isin Comba
- Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Jonathan Vasquez
- Pathology, Orlando Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Orlando, USA
| | - Vania Zayat
- Pathology, Orlando Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Orlando, USA.,Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
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Costa B, Amorim I, Gärtner F, Vale N. Understanding Breast cancer: from conventional therapies to repurposed drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 151:105401. [PMID: 32504806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and is considered a developed country disease. Moreover, is a heterogenous disease, existing different types and stages of breast cancer development, therefore, better understanding of cancer biology, helps to improve the development of therapies. The conventional treatments accessible after diagnosis, have the main goal of controlling the disease, by improving survival. In more advance stages the aim is to prolong life and symptom palliation care. Surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are the main options available, which must be adapted to each person individually. However, patients are developing resistance to the conventional therapies. This resistance is due to alterations in important regulatory pathways such as PI3K/AKt/mTOR, this pathway contributes to trastuzumab resistance, a reference drug to treat breast cancer. Therefore, is proposed the repurposing of drugs, instead of developing drugs de novo, for example, to seek new medical treatments within the drugs available, to be used in breast cancer treatment. Providing safe and tolerable treatments to patients, and new insights to efficacy and efficiency of breast cancer treatments. The economic and social burden of cancer is enormous so it must be taken measures to relieve this burden and to ensure continued access to therapies to all patients. In this review we focus on how conventional therapies against breast cancer are leading to resistance, by reviewing those mechanisms and discussing the efficacy of repurposed drugs to fight breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Costa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irina Amorim
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo 228, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo 228, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Department of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo 228, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Yan H, Wei X, Wu A, Sha Y, Li X, Qi F. Nomograms for predicting overall and cancer-specific survival in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma: a population-based study using SEER database. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:1146-1158. [PMID: 32676398 PMCID: PMC7354311 DOI: 10.21037/tau-19-807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To establish and validate nomograms for predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC). METHODS Patients diagnosed with pRCC between 2010 and 2014 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were retrospectively included in this study and divided into training and validation groups randomly. Uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify significant variables related to OS and CSS in the training group. Based on results of multivariate Cox regression analysis, nomograms for 3- and 5-year CSS and OS were established, respectively. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves were produced to learn the actual effects of different variables. Finally, the nomograms were evaluated both in the training group and the validation group using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves. RESULTS A total of 4,859 eligible patients were enrolled, with 3,403 categorized into the training group and 1,456 into the validation group. Seven factors [age, T stage, N stage, M stage, use of surgery/lymph node removal (LNR) and insurance status] were significantly related to OS and seven factors (age, T stage, N stage, M stage and use of surgery/chemotherapy/LNR) were significantly associated with CSS. These factors were eventually included in the predictive nomograms. The C-indexes for OS in the training and validation groups were 0.764 and 0.723 respectively, and 0.859 and 0.824 for CSS. The 3- and 5-year AUCs for OS were 0.779 and 0.752 in the training cohort, and 0.749 and 0.722 in the validation cohort. Similarly, 3- and 5-year AUCs for OS were 0.871 and 0.844 in the training cohort, and 0.853 and 0.822 in the validation group. Finally, the calibration curves suggested that the predictive nomograms had a good consistency between the observed and the predicted survival. CONCLUSIONS It was the first time to develop nomograms to predict the survival outcomes of pRCC patients. The prognostic nomograms were reliable with high accuracy, which might have guiding significance for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haicui Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Xiyi Wei
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yeqin Sha
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Aureli A, Canossi A, Del Beato T, Buonomo O, Rossi P, Roselli M, Papola F, Marziani B, Sconocchia G. Breast Cancer Is Associated with Increased HLA-DRB1*11:01 and HLA-DRB1*10:01 Allele Frequency in a Population of Patients from Central Italy. Immunol Invest 2020; 49:489-497. [PMID: 32183601 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1737539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between HLA-DRB1 allele polymorphism and breast cancer (BC) development is still unclear and needs further investigation. To address this issue, we analyzed HLA-DRB1 allele frequency (AF) by sequence-based typing (SBT) in 47 patients from central Italy with BC and 156 sex and age-matched healthy controls. Two hundred ninety-seven individuals from the same region were utilized as historical controls. Pearson's chi-square analysis with Yate's correction or Fisher's Exact test with Bonferroni's correction, as appropriate, were used to compare HLA-DRB1 AF differences in patients and controls. A total of 36 HLA-DRB1 alleles were identified. A detailed study showed that HLA-DRB1*11:01 and HLA-DRB1*10:01 alleles are significantly associated with increased BC risk. In particular, HLA-DRB1*11:01 AF was significantly higher in patients with BC than in healthy females and historical controls, even following Bonferroni's correction (stage I-II BC patients vs historical controls p<0.00; stage III-IV BC patients vs female healthy controls p=0.025 and historical controls p<0.00). The HLA-DRB1*10:01 allele was also positively associated with BC as evidenced by a significantly higher AF in patients with BC than in healthy controls (BC patients stage I-II vs historical controls corrected p =0.01). These results suggest that both HLA-DRB1*11:01 and HLA-DRB1*10:01 AF could represent interesting markers in patients at risk of developing BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aureli
- Department of Biomedicine, CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology , Rome and L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Angelica Canossi
- Department of Biomedicine, CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology , Rome and L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Tiziana Del Beato
- Department of Biomedicine, CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology , Rome and L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Oreste Buonomo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, The University of Rome , Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Piero Rossi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, The University of Rome , Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Mario Roselli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Endocrinology and Medical Oncology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Papola
- Regional Center of Immunohematology and Tissue Typing, CRITT S. Salvatore Hospital , L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Beatrice Marziani
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, The University of Rome , Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sconocchia
- Department of Biomedicine, CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology , Rome and L'Aquila, Italy
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Male Breast Cancer: Reevaluate Our Opinion. Case Rep Oncol Med 2020; 2020:6245415. [PMID: 32089923 PMCID: PMC7026701 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6245415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancers (MBCs) are relatively uncommon malignancy with less than 1% incidence. MBC presents at a later age with a more advanced presentation as compared to the female breast cancer. Due to the paucity of the number of cases and trials regarding the MBC, female breast cancer treatment protocols are applied. Mastectomy and hormonal therapy remains the mainstay of treatment. Moreover, the data about prognosis of MBC remains limited.
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Vietri MT, Caliendo G, D'Elia G, Resse M, Casamassimi A, Minucci PB, Cioffi M, Molinari AM. BRCA and PALB2 mutations in a cohort of male breast cancer with one bilateral case. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103883. [PMID: 32058061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Male Breast Cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, about 1% of all breast cancers worldwide and less than 1% of cancers occurring in men. The bilateral male breast cancer (bMBC) is extremely rare. Germline mutations of BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer in MBC; the role of PALB2 remains to be clarified. Our main goal was to provide contribution on characterization of BRCA1/BRCA2 and PALB2 mutations in MBC patients. METHODS We observed 28 MBC cases; one of them was a bMBC. Screening for BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 genes was performed on all 28 MBC patients. Mutational analysis was extended to family members of mutated patients. RESULTS In our study, the MBC incidence was 5.2% and for bMBC was 3.6%. Mutation analysis showed pathogenic mutations in 11/28 (39.3%) patients; 2/28 (7.1%) displayed a mutation in BRCA1, 8/28 (28.6%) in BRCA2 and 1/28 (3.6%) in PALB2. Out of 11 mutated patients, one (9.1%) reported a double mutation in BRCA2. Personal history of other cancers was reported in 2/28 (7.1%) patients affected by bladder cancer. A first/second degree family history of breast/ovarian and other cancers occurred in 23/28 (82.1%) patients. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate BRCA2 as the main MBC susceptibility gene and describe an increased risk of bMBC and bladder cancer in mutated patients. The identification of mutations in MBC susceptibility genes supports the usage of oncology prevention programs in affected patients and their relatives carrying the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Vietri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gemma Caliendo
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Elia
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Resse
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Cioffi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Molinari
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
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50
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Chai X, Sun MY, Jia HY, Wang M, Cao L, Li ZW, Wang DW. A prognostic nomogram for overall survival in male breast cancer with histology of infiltrating duct carcinoma after surgery. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7837. [PMID: 31632852 PMCID: PMC6796958 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study was designed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) of male breast cancer (MBC) patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC). Methods The cohort was selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2013. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard (PH) regression models were performed. A nomogram was developed based on the significant prognostic indicators of OS. The discriminatory and predictive capacities of nomogram were assessed by Harrell's concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, area under the curve (AUC) and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Results The median and maximal survival time of 1862 eligible patients were 49 and 131 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that age (P < 0.0001), marital status (P = 0.002), T stage (P < 0.0001), N stage (P = 0.021), M stage (P < 0.0001), progesterone receptor (PR) (P = 0.046), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) (P = 0.009), and chemotherapy (P = 0.003) were independent prognostic indicators of IDC of MBC. The eight variables were then combined to construct a 3-and 5-year nomogram. The C-indexes of the nomogram were0.740 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.709-0.771]) and 0.718 (95% CI [0.672-0.764]) for the internal validation and external validation, respectively. A better discriminatory capacity was observed in the nomogram compared with the SEER summary stage (P < 0.001) and AJCC TNM staging systems (6th edition; P < 0.001) with respect to OS prediction. Good consistency was detected between the nomogram prediction and actual findings, as indicated by calibration curves. The AUC for 3-and 5-year OS was 0.739 (95% CI [0.693-0.786]) and 0.764 (95% CI [0.725-0.803]) in the training cohort and 0.737 (95% CI [0.671-0.803]) and 0.735 (95% CI [0.678-0.793]) in the validation cohort, respectively. The DCA demonstrated that the survival nomogram was clinically useful. Conclusions The nomogram was able to more accurately predict 3-and 5-year OS of MBC patients with IDC histology than were existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chai
- Breast Surgery Department, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Yang Sun
- Breast Surgery Department, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Yao Jia
- Breast Surgery Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dun-Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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