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Yan X, Bentley B, Schmidt-Swartz J, Dinglas C, El Kady D, Rosner J. Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Disorders of Amniotic Fluid? JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2024; 43:1535-1542. [PMID: 38712537 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior studies show conflicting evidence as to whether obesity in the absence of other medical or pregnancy-related conditions contributes to amniotic fluid disorders. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between late-pregnancy obesity with oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index [AFI] ≤5 cm or maximum vertical pocket [MVP] <2 cm) and/or polyhydramnios (AFI ≥24 cm or MVP ≥8 cm). METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of 961 women with singleton gestations who had one or more obstetrical ultrasounds at a single institution at 36 0/7 weeks gestation or beyond between August 1, 2015, and May 1, 2020. Patients were included if they had valid pregnancy dating and a documented AFI and/or MVP. Patients were categorized based on body mass index or BMI (eg, normal, overweight, Class I Obesity, Class II Obesity, or Class III Obesity). RESULTS A total of 6.2% of patients met criteria for oligohydramnios based on AFI, MVP or both (n = 60). There was no significant association between oligohydramnios and increasing BMI, regardless of obesity class (P = .21). In terms of polyhydramnios, 5.6% of patients met criteria based on AFI, MVP, or both (n = 54). Similarly, there was also no significant association between polyhydramnios and increasing BMI, regardless of obesity class (P = .66). CONCLUSIONS Elevated maternal BMI was not significantly associated with disorders of amniotic fluid, regardless of the severity of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiteng Yan
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, New York, USA
| | - Beth Bentley
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, New York, USA
| | | | - Cheryl Dinglas
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, New York, USA
| | - Dina El Kady
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Rosner
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, New York, USA
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2
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Chen A, Acharya G, Hu M, Gao X, Cheng G, Jiang L, Ni Q. Association of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of admission for delivery with labor process and outcomes of vaginal birth: A cohort study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:103-110. [PMID: 37926941 PMCID: PMC10755127 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of admission for delivery on labor process and outcomes of vaginal birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort study was carried out at the Obstetrics Department of Anhui Provincial Hospital, China, where universal reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection was introduced for all women admitted for labor and delivery from December 1-31, 2022. Women were divided into positive and negative groups based on the test result. All women having a singleton vaginal birth were included in final analysis. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 positivity on labor process and outcomes of vaginal birth was estimated by regression analyses. RESULTS Among a total of 360 women included, 87 had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test and 273 a negative test. Women in the positive group had an increased likelihood of having longer labor (median 9.3 vs 8.3 hours; sB [log-transformed] 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09-0.28), episiotomy (39.1% vs 23.8%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.31; 95% CI 1.27-4.21), grade III meconium-stained amniotic fluid (19.5% vs 7.0%; aOR 2.52; 95% CI 1.15-5.54) and postpartum hospital stay exceeding 37 hours (58.6% vs 46.5%; aOR 1.71; 95% CI 1.00-2.91). They had reduced rates exclusive breastfeeding (26.7% vs 39%; aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.09-0.46) as well as mixed feeding (46.5% vs 52.2%; aOR 0.28; 95% CI 0.13-0.60) at 1 week postpartum. No significant differences were observed in other aspects of labor process and birth outcomes, including the uptake of labor analgesia, postpartum hemorrhage (>500 mL) or neonatal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A positive maternal SARS-CoV-2 test in labor among women having vaginal birth was associated with a slightly longer duration of labor, increased likelihood of episiotomy, increased incidence of grade III meconium-stained amniotic fluid, a longer postpartum hospital stay and a lower rate of breastfeeding 1 week postpartum. However, it did not have an adverse impact on other birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Chen
- School of Public HealthZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Clinical MedicineUiT The Arctic University of TromsøTromsøNorway
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)HefeiChina
| | - Xin Gao
- Medical Teaching and Research SectionAnhui Open UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Guizhi Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)HefeiChina
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)HefeiChina
| | - Qianqian Ni
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)HefeiChina
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Mustafa A, Alanazi G, Alanazi M, Alenezi A, Alenzi M, Al-Muteri F, Aljohani AH, Alruwili GA, Almatrafi R, Alshammari SMA. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia During Pregnancy in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49287. [PMID: 38143709 PMCID: PMC10747422 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in Saudi Arabia is variable. Nulliparous, multiparous >3, and multi-gravidity are associated risk factors with a higher incidence of anemia during pregnancy. Other risk factors comprised working, women in university, past history of anemia, obesity, women younger than 25 years, low income, longer menstrual cycle >5 days, bleeding during pregnancy, reduced birth spacing, a low level of education, and decreased intake of iron-rich foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mustafa
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Arar, SAU
| | | | - Maisa Alanazi
- Family and Community Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Ahlam Alenezi
- Family Medicine, Maternity and Children Hospital, Arar, SAU
| | - Manal Alenzi
- College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Fay Al-Muteri
- General Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
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Eltayeb R, Binsaleh NK, Alsaif G, Ali RM, Alyahyawi AR, Adam I. Hemoglobin Levels, Anemia, and Their Associations with Body Mass Index among Pregnant Women in Hail Maternity Hospital, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3508. [PMID: 37630699 PMCID: PMC10458202 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The level of association between hemoglobin level/anemia and obesity during pregnancy is not yet fully understood. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hail Maternity Hospital in northern Saudi Arabia from March to May 2023 to assess the associations between hemoglobin levels, anemia, and obesity among pregnant women. Reproductive history was gathered through a questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated/computed from the women's weight and height. Linear and binary regression analyses were performed. A total of 334 pregnant women were enrolled. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age and parity were 33.2 (27.4-37.8) years and 3 (1-5), respectively. Of the 334 women, 52 (15.6%) were normal weight, while 87 (26.0%) were overweight and 195 (58.4%) were obese. In the multiple linear regression, parity (coefficient = -0.121, p = 0.001) and BMI (coefficient = 0.030, p = 0.006) were negatively associated with the hemoglobin level. Ninety-nine (26.9%) women had anemia. In the multivariate analysis, primiparity (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30-0.97), increasing BMI (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.89-0.97), and obesity (AOR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.16-0.61) were associated with decreased ORs of anemia. Increasing parity was associated with increased ORs of anemia (AOR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05-1.32). Being overweight was not associated with anemia (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.27-1.16). In the current study, a high hemoglobin level and lower prevalence of anemia were observed among obese pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Eltayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 8227, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif K Binsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 8227, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida Alsaif
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 8227, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 8227, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad R Alyahyawi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 8227, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ishag Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
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Xiong W, Li X, Liu T, Ding R, Cheng L, Feng D, Duan D, Su M, Li Y, Yang X, Wei S. Potential resolution of placenta previa from the 28th-to the 36th-week of pregnancy: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study. Placenta 2022; 126:164-170. [PMID: 35841836 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placenta previa greatly contributes to severe antenatal and post-partum hemorrhage. Previous studies have mainly focused on the risk factors of placenta previa, with very few studies reporting which factors may affect the potential resolution of 28th-week previa. This study aimed to investigate the impact of maternal characteristics on potential resolution of placenta previa from the 28th-to the 36th-week of pregnancy. METHODS A retrospective longitudinal sub-cohort investigation was carried out among 368 pregnant women with 28th-week previa from the Longitudinal Placenta Previa Study (LoPPS). Logistic regression analysis was used to discover the connections between maternal covariates and the placental potential resolution. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to detect the associations between perioperative characteristics and volume of intraoperative bleeding. RESULTS Among pregnant women whose placenta completely or partially covered the internal os at the 28th-week of pregnancy, 37.5% were without placenta previa at the 36th-week and 25.8% converted into marginal placenta previa. There were significant correlation between placenta previa type and GHD (Beta: 2.808, 95% CI: 1.642, 7.138; p = 0.041), type of 28th-week previa (Beta: 6.767, 95% CI: 1.592, 18.767; p < 0.001), and number of prior cesarean sections (Beta: 3.326, 95% CI: 1.580, 9.081; p < 0.001). DISCUSSION 62.5% of the pregnant women with 28th-week placenta previa were still with previa at the 36 weeks of gestation (25.8% with marginal and 36.7% with partial/complete placenta previa). This proportion is even higher for 28th-week complete placenta previa. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100054068, December 8, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiong
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xin Li
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Tianjiao Liu
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Linbo Cheng
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Duan Duan
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Mi Su
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yalan Li
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Sumei Wei
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Launbo N, Davidsen E, Granich-Armenta A, Bygbjerg IC, Sánchez M, Ramirez-Silva I, Avila-Jimenez L, Christensen DL, Rivera-Dommarco JA, Cantoral A, Nielsen KK, Grunnet LG. Overlooked paradox of the coexistence of overweight/obesity and anaemia during pregnancy. Nutrition 2022; 99-100:111650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Fayed A, Wahabi HA, Esmaeil S, Elkouny R, Elmorshedy H, Bakhsh H. Independent effect of gestational weight gain and prepregnancy obesity on pregnancy outcomes among Saudi women: A sub-cohort analysis from Riyadh mother and baby cohort study (RAHMA). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262437. [PMID: 35015784 PMCID: PMC8751991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gestational weight gain (GWG) and prepregnancy obesity are garnering more attention as determining factors of pregnancy outcomes when it comes to the wellbeing of both the mother and her baby. This study was conducted to describe the pattern of GWG among participants of Riyadh Mother and Baby Multicenter Cohort Study (RAHMA) and to investigate the detrimental effects of excessive GWG and prepregnancy obesity on pregnancy outcomes. Methods RAHMA is a multicentre cohort study conducted in three hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants were categorized according to the Institute of Medicine into inadequate, adequate, and excessive GWG, and stratified by body mass index (BMI) into under/normal weight, overweight, and obese. To examine the independent effect of maternal prepregnancy obesity and GWG, a multivariate regression model was used and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for each outcome were calculated. Results A total of 7029 participants were included in this study; 31.8% had adequate GWG, 25.9% had excessive GWG and 42.3% had inadequate GWG, while 29.7% had normal BMI, 33.3% were overweight, 34.8% were obese, and 2.2% were underweight. Excessive GWG was independently associated with increased risk of hypertensive events, (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.20–2.63). Obesity was associated with higher risk of gestational diabetes (AOR 2.11, 95% CI 1.76–2.53), hypertensive events (AOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.48–3.01), and delivery by emergency caesarean section (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.35–1.97). Infants of obese women had increased odds of macrosomia (AOR 3.11, 95% CI 1.94–4.99) and lower odds of low birth weight (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.88). Conclusion In comparison to excessive GWG, which increases the risk of hypertensive events during pregnancy, prepregnancy obesity is associated with more adverse outcomes including GDM, hypertensive events in pregnancy and emergency CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Fayed
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayfaa A. Wahabi
- Research Chair of Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City and College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Samia Esmaeil
- Research Chair of Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roaa Elkouny
- College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Elmorshedy
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi Bakhsh
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Wawer AA, Hodyl NA, Fairweather-Tait S, Froessler B. Are Pregnant Women Who Are Living with Overweight or Obesity at Greater Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency/Anaemia? Nutrients 2021; 13:1572. [PMID: 34067098 PMCID: PMC8151407 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation is often present in people living with obesity. Inflammation can impact iron uptake and metabolism through elevation of hepcidin levels. Obesity is a major public health issue globally, with pregnant women often affected by the condition. Maternal obesity is associated with increased pregnancy risks including iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA)-conditions already highly prevalent in pregnant women and their newborns. This comprehensive review assesses whether the inflammatory state induced by obesity could contribute to an increased incidence of ID/IDA in pregnant women and their children. We discuss the challenges in accurate measurement of iron status in the presence of inflammation, and available iron repletion strategies and their effectiveness in pregnant women living with obesity. We suggest that pre-pregnancy obesity and overweight/obese pregnancies carry a greater risk of ID/IDA for the mother during pregnancy and postpartum period, as well as for the baby. We propose iron status and weight gain during pregnancy should be monitored more closely in women who are living with overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Wawer
- Department of Anaesthesia, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, SA 5112, Australia;
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Nicolette A. Hodyl
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Susan Fairweather-Tait
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Bernd Froessler
- Department of Anaesthesia, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, SA 5112, Australia;
- Discipline of Acute Care Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Otero-Naveiro A, Gómez-Fernández C, Álvarez-Fernández R, Pérez-López M, Paz-Fernández E. Maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy and puerperium in obese and overweight pregnant women. A cohort study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:1205-1212. [PMID: 33830346 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE compare incidences of maternal-fetal complications during pregnancy, labor, and early puerperium according to baseline BMI in a consecutive cohort of pregnant women. METHODS This retrospective cohort study compares pregnancy outcome indicators by body mass index (BMI) in 1236 pregnant women managed over the period January 2017 to May 2018. Data were collected regarding the personal history (smoking, diabetes and hypertension), obstetrics and BMI (kg/m2) (normoweight 18.5-24.9, overweight 25-29.9, obese ≥ 30). RESULTS Of the 1236 women, 354 (28.6%) were overweight and 206 (16.7%) were obese at the start of pregnancy follow-up. Mean age at this time was 33 years (SD 6). Risk factors for a cesarean-section delivery assessed through logistic regression were maternal age (OR 1.05 95% CI 2.06-6.15; p < 0.001) and previous C-section (OR 4.21 95% CI 2.89-6.14; p < 0.001) regardless of BMI. In a propensity score analysis, pregnancy weight gain was found lower in obese vs normoweight (- 2.73 kg 95% CI - 3.74 to - 1.72 p < 0.001), and newborn weight higher in obese vs normoweight women (161.21 g 95% CI 57.94-264.48 p = 0.002). Labor duration and weight gain were reduced in overweight vs normoweight subjects (- 0.72 h 95% CI - 1.27 to - 0.17 p = 0.010 and 0.81 kg 95% CI - 1.50 to - 0.12 p = 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, obese women showed higher rates of prenatal complications yet obesity and overweight were not related to worse puerperium outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Otero-Naveiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. C/Ulises, Romero nº1, 27003, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Cristina Gómez-Fernández
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. C/Ulises, Romero nº1, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Álvarez-Fernández
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. C/Ulises, Romero nº1, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Marta Pérez-López
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. C/Ulises, Romero nº1, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Eugenio Paz-Fernández
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. C/Ulises, Romero nº1, 27003, Lugo, Spain
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10
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Fallatah AM, AlNoury A, Fallatah EM, Nassibi KM, Babatin H, Alghamdi OA, Tarabaih BY, Abduljabbar HS. Obesity Among Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Single-Center Medical Record Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e13454. [PMID: 33728225 PMCID: PMC7934212 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity in Saudi Arabia is on the rise, especially among females who are more likely to suffer from obesity in the reproductive age group than males in the adult age group. Biologically, pregnancy can increase women's weight and put them at greater risk for adverse obstetric outcomes. Objectives To find the prevalence of obesity among pregnant women and their obstetric outcomes. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on pregnant women who delivered between January 2013 and May 2018 at the obstetrics clinic of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A datasheet was formed to collect data from the medical records of these pregnant women. The analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY). A p-value of < 0.05 was used to calculate statistical significance. Results A total of 9,095 pregnant women delivered during that period. Of those women, a total of 2,235 were found to be obese, and 1,842 were included in the study. A total of 1,130 women were categorized under Class I obesity, 458 were categorized under Class II obesity, and 254 were categorized under Class III obesity. The majority of the sample were Saudis (72.3%) and young adults (90.8%) with 1,672 cases. The average age was 31.7 (standard deviation (SD): 5.9). Twenty percent of the sample had preterm newborns, while the majority (62.4%) ended up with cesarean delivery. Advanced age, multipara, and cesarean delivery were statistically significant with adverse pregnancy outcomes (p < 0.05). Conclusion As demonstrated in this study, obesity among females in Saudi Arabia has increased over the past decade. Hence, this puts them at higher risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes, as pregnancy physiologically results in additional weight gain. Proper antenatal counseling, health education, and a comprehensive plan prior to conception are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas M Fallatah
- Medicine, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - AlRayan AlNoury
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Enas M Fallatah
- Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Khalid M Nassibi
- Medicine, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Hussam Babatin
- Medicine, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Omar A Alghamdi
- Medicine, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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11
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Hebert JF, Myatt L. Placental mitochondrial dysfunction with metabolic diseases: Therapeutic approaches. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:165967. [PMID: 32920120 PMCID: PMC8043619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) lead to poor maternal and fetal outcomes, including pregnancy complications, fetal growth issues, stillbirth, and developmental programming of adult-onset disease in the offspring. Increased placental oxidative/nitrative stress and reduced placental (trophoblast) mitochondrial respiration occur in association with the altered maternal metabolic milieu of obesity and GDM. The effect is particularly evident when the fetus is male, suggesting a sexually dimorphic influence on the placenta. In addition, obesity and GDM are associated with inflexibility in trophoblast, limiting the ability to switch between usage of glucose, fatty acids, and glutamine as substrates for oxidative phosphorylation, again in a sexually dimorphic manner. Here we review mechanisms underlying placental mitochondrial dysfunction: its relationship to maternal and fetal outcomes and the influence of fetal sex. Prevention of placental oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may improve pregnancy outcomes. We outline pathways to ameliorate deficient mitochondrial respiration, particularly the benefits and pitfalls of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F Hebert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Leslie Myatt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America.
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