1
|
Rutkowsky JM, Wong A, Toupadakis CA, Rutledge JC, Yellowley CE. Lipolysis products from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins induce stress protein ATF3 in osteoblasts. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1033-1044. [PMID: 38044472 PMCID: PMC11009083 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
High fat diets overwhelm the physiological mechanisms for absorption, storage, and utilization of triglycerides (TG); consequently TG, TG-rich lipoproteins (TGRL), and TGRL remnants accumulate, circulate systemically, producing dyslipidemia. This associates with, or is causative for increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk, ischemic stroke, fatty liver disease, and pancreatitis. TGRL hydrolysis by endothelial surface-bound lipoprotein lipase (LPL) generates metabolites like free fatty acids which have proinflammatory properties. While osteoblasts utilize fatty acids as an energy source, dyslipidemia is associated with negative effects on the skeleton. In this study we investigated the effects of TGRL lipolysis products (TGRL-LP) on expression of a stress responsive transcription factor, termed activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATF3 target genes, and angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) in osteoblasts. As ATF3 negatively associates with osteoblast differentiation, we also investigated the skeletal effects of global ATF3 deletion in mice. TGRL-LP increased expression of Atf3, proinflammatory proteins Ptgs2 and IL-6, and induced ROS in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. Angptl4 is an endogenous inhibitor of LPL which was transcriptionally induced by TGRL-LP, while recombinant Angptl4 prevented TG-driven Atf3 induction. Atf3 global knockout male mice demonstrated increased trabecular and cortical microarchitectural parameters. In summary, we find that TGRL-LP induce osteoblastic cell stress as evidenced by expression of ATF3, which may contribute to the negative impact of dyslipidemia in the skeleton. Further, concomitant induction of Angptl4 in osteoblasts might play a protective role by reducing local lipolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - John C. Rutledge
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Clare E. Yellowley
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li W, Wang Y, Huang R, Lian F, Xu G, Wang W, Xue S. Rare and common coding variants in lipid metabolism-related genes and their association with coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:97. [PMID: 38336686 PMCID: PMC10858582 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disease that is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between coding variants in lipid metabolism-related genes and CAD in a Chinese Han population. METHODS A total of 252 individuals were recruited for this study, including 120 CAD patients and 132 healthy control individuals. Rare and common coding variants in 12 lipid metabolism-related genes (ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, APOA1, APOA5, APOC1, APOC3, CETP, LDLR, LIPC, LPL, PCSK9 and SCARB1) were detected via next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based targeted sequencing. Associations between common variants and CAD were evaluated by Fisher's exact test. A gene-based association test of rare variants was performed by the sequence kernel association test-optimal (SKAT-O test). RESULTS We found 51 rare variants and 17 common variants in this study. One common missense variant, LIPC rs6083, was significantly associated with CAD after Bonferroni correction (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.29-0.76, p = 1.9 × 10- 3). Thirty-three nonsynonymous rare variants were identified, including two novel variants located in the ANGPTL4 (p.Gly47Glu) and SCARB1 (p.Leu233Phe) genes. We did not find a significant association between rare variants and CAD via gene-based analysis via the SKAT-O test. CONCLUSIONS Targeted sequencing is a powerful tool for identifying rare and common variants in CAD. The common missense variant LIPC rs6083 confers protection against CAD. The clinical relevance of rare variants in CAD aetiology needs to be investigated in larger sample sizes in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ritai Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Feng Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Genxing Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen J, Fang Z, Luo Q, Wang X, Warda M, Das A, Oldoni F, Luo F. Unlocking the mysteries of VLDL: exploring its production, intracellular trafficking, and metabolism as therapeutic targets. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:14. [PMID: 38216994 PMCID: PMC10785355 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Reducing circulating lipid levels is the centerpiece of strategies for preventing and treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Despite many available lipid-lowering medications, a substantial residual cardiovascular risk remains. Current clinical guidelines focus on plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Recent attention has been given to very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), the precursor to LDL, and its role in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Preclinical investigations have revealed that interventions targeting VLDL production or promoting VLDL metabolism, independent of the LDL receptor, can potentially decrease cholesterol levels and provide therapeutic benefits. Currently, methods, such as mipomersen, lomitapide, and ANGPTL3 inhibitors, are used to reduce plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels by regulating the lipidation, secretion, and metabolism of VLDL. Targeting VLDL represents an avenue for new lipid-lowering strategies. Interventions aimed at reducing VLDL production or enhancing VLDL metabolism, independent of the LDL receptor, hold promise for lowering cholesterol levels and providing therapeutic benefits beyond LDL in the management of ASCVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zhenfei Fang
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Avash Das
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Federico Oldoni
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fei Luo
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alboali H, Moradi MH, Khaltabadi Farahani AH, Mohammadi H. Genome-wide association study for body weight and feed consumption traits in Japanese quail using Bayesian approaches. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103208. [PMID: 37980758 PMCID: PMC10663954 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on Bayes A and Bayes B statistical methods to identify genomic loci and candidate genes associated with body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio in Japanese quail. For this purpose, genomic data obtained from Illumina iSelect 4K quail SNP chip were utilized. After implementing various quality control steps, genotype data from a total of 875 birds for 2,015 SNP markers were used for subsequent analyses. The Bayesian analyses were performed using hibayes package in R (version 4.3.1) and Gibbs sampling algorithm. The results of the analyses showed that Bayes A accounted for 11.43, 11.65, and 11.39% of the phenotypic variance for body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio, respectively, while the variance explained by Bayes B was 7.02, 8.61, and 6.48%, respectively. Therefore, in the current study, results obtained from Bayes A were used for further analyses. In order to perform the gene enrichment analysis and to identify the functional pathways and classes of genes that are over-represented in a large set of genes associated with each trait, all markers that accounted for more than 0.1% of the phenotypic variance for each trait were used. The results of this analysis revealed a total of 23, 38, and 14 SNP markers associated with body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio in Japanese quail, respectively. The results of the gene enrichment analysis led to the identification of biological pathways (and candidate genes) related to lipid phosphorylation (TTC7A gene) and cell junction (FGFR4 and FLRT2 genes) associated with body weight gain, calcium signaling pathway (ADCY2 and CAMK1D genes) associated with feed intake, and glycerolipid metabolic process (LIPC gene), lipid metabolic process (ADGRF5 and ESR1 genes), and glutathione transferase (GSTK1 gene) associated with feed conversion ratio. Overall, the findings of this study can provide valuable insights into the genetic architecture of growth and feed consumption traits in Japanese quail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Alboali
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, 38156-8-8349 Arak, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Moradi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, 38156-8-8349 Arak, Iran.
| | | | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, 38156-8-8349 Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan K, Zhu B, Wang L, Guo Q, Shu-Chien AC, Wu X. Expression pattern of AGPATs isoforms indicate different functions during the triacylglyceride synthesis in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 287:111535. [PMID: 37852318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) acts as a crucial enzyme in the process of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis, enabling the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) into phosphatidic acid (PA). In order to decode the distinctive roles of AGPAT isoforms in the TAG production pathway, three AGPAT isoforms were detected for the first time in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (Es-agpat2, Es-agpat3, and Es-agpat4). The mRNA levels of Es-agpat2 and Es-agpat4 demonstrated a conspicuous presence in the hepatopancreas, with subsequent high levels in the heart, muscle, and thoracic ganglion. On the other hand, the thoracic ganglion exhibited abundant levels of Es-agpat3, while other tissues recorded relatively low expression levels. Observing the molting cycle of E. sinensis, the hepatopancreas showed minimum expression levels of Es-agpat2 and Es-agpat4 at stage A/B. A peak at stage C was noted, which was then followed by a gradual drop until stage E. For the ovarian development cycle, stage II witnessed the maximum expression level of Es-agpat2 and Es-agpat4, succeeded by a sharp fall in stage III. After this, there was an increasing trend from stage III up to stage V. Expression of Es-agpat3 in the hepatopancreas was consistently lower than Es-agpat2 and Es-agpat4 during either the molting or ovarian development. However, in terms of ovarian expression, Es-agpat3 outperformed Es-agpat2 and Es-agpat4. It exhibited a steep increase in expression, peaking at stage II and subsequently diminishing. In situ hybridization (ISH) revealed that in stages II and IV hepatopancreas, Es-agpat4-mRNA was primarily located in fibrillar cells (F cell) and resorptive cells (R cell), with no signal from Es-agpat3. During stage II of ovarian development, both Es-agpat3-mRNA and Es-agpat4-mRNA were located in the cytoplasm of previtellogenic oocyte (PRO) and endogenous vitellogenic oocyte (EN), with no expression at stage IV. Additionally, the silencing of Es-agpat2 and Es-agpat4 caused a downward trend in the expression levels of all subsequent genes in the E. sinensis TAG synthesis pathway. To sum up, these findings suggest that the three Es-agpats may have unique functions in TAG synthesis during either the molting process or ovarian maturation of E. sinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kewu Pan
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Boxiang Zhu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
- School of Biological Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Center for Chemical Biology, University Sains Malaysia, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Xugan Wu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Putluru S, Pandi C, Kannan B, Priyadharsini VJ, Arumugam P. Increased Expression of LIPC Is Associated With the Clinicopathological Features and Development of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e50202. [PMID: 38192945 PMCID: PMC10772308 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lipase C hepatic type (LIPC) is a member of the lipase family and plays a role in tumor development. However, its specific role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not well understood. Objective This study aims to investigate LIPC gene expression in HNSCC and elucidate its potential role in the context of the disease. Methods LIPC expression was analyzed using the Cancer Genome Atlas-HNSCC (TCGA-HNSCC) dataset. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to validate LIPC expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissue samples, which is the most common type of HNSCC. The LIPC was assessed to find out if there is a link with HNSCC clinicopathological features, prognosis, and tumor infiltration. Functional pathways associated with the LIPC network were also examined. Results LIPC expression was found to be elevated in both HNSCC and OSCC tissues. The heightened expression of LIPC correlated with various clinicopathological features and influenced the prognosis of HNSCC patients. The LIPC gene demonstrated connections with several oncogenic genes and proteins, participating in lipid catabolic processes and other pathways. These findings suggest that LIPC expression may play a role in the pathogenesis of HNSCC. Conclusion Our study affirms that LIPC expression is linked to the development of HNSCC, suggesting its potential utility as a biomarker or therapeutic target for the disease. However, further functional studies are imperative to validate and expand upon these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahith Putluru
- Molecular Biology Lab, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Chandra Pandi
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Balachander Kannan
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vijayashree J Priyadharsini
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Paramasivam Arumugam
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun Y, Zhou S, Zhu B, Li F, Fu K, Guo Y, Men J, Han J, Zhang W, Yang L, Zhou B. Multi- and Transgenerational Developmental Impairments Are Induced by Decabromodiphenyl Ethane (DBDPE) in Zebrafish Larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2887-2897. [PMID: 36779393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel brominated flame retardant decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) has become a ubiquitous emerging pollutant; hence, the knowledge of its long-term toxic effects and underlying mechanism would be critical for further health risk assessment. In the present study, the multi- and transgenerational toxicity of DBDPE was investigated in zebrafish upon a life cycle exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations. The significantly increased malformation rate and declined survival rate specifically occurred in unexposed F2 larvae suggested transgenerational development toxicity by DBDPE. The changing profiles revealed by transcriptome and DNA methylome confirmed an increased susceptibility in F2 larvae and figured out potential disruptions of glycolipid metabolism, mitochondrial energy metabolism, and neurodevelopment. The changes of biochemical indicators such as ATP production confirmed a disturbance in the energy metabolism, whereas the alterations of neurotransmitter contents and light-dark stimulated behavior provided further evidence for multi- and transgenerational neurotoxicity in zebrafish. Our findings also highlighted the necessity for considering the long-term impacts when evaluating the health of wild animals as well as human beings by emerging pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Biran Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaiyu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jun Men
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yao J, Zhao J, Liu J, Jiang S, Guo S, Xu L, Zhang X, Sheng Q, Wang K, Liao L, Dong J. The relationships between thyroid functions of short-term rapid hypothyroidism and blood lipid levels in post-thyroidectomy patients of differentiated thyroid cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1114344. [PMID: 37181036 PMCID: PMC10173361 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between short-term rapid hypothyroidism and blood lipid levels in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Methods Seventy-five DTC patients scheduled to receive radioactive iodine ablation were enrolled. Levels of thyroid hormone and serum lipids were tested at two time points: the euthyroid before thyroidectomy, and the hypothyroid (off thyroxine). Then the collected data were analyzed. Results Totally 75 DTC patients enrolled, among them, 5o were female (66.67%) and 25 were male (33. 33%), with an average age of 52.24 ± 1.24 years old. The short-term rapid severe hypothyroidism induced by thyroid hormone withdrawal significantly aggravated dyslipidemia, particularly in patients with dyslipidemia before thyroidectomy (All P < 0.01). However, there was no significant differences between blood lipid levels with different thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. And our study showed significant negative correlations between free triiodothyronine levels and the changes from euthyjroidism to hypothyroidism in total cholesterol (r=-0.31, P=0.03), triglycerides (r=-0.39, P=0.006), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (r=-0.29, P=0.042), and significant positive correlations between free thyroxine and the changes of HDL-C (r=-0.32, P=0.027) were identified in females, however, which were not observed in males. Conclusion Short-term rapids severe hypothyroidism caused by thyroid hormone withdrawal can lead to rapid significant changes in blood lipid levels. It is necessary to pay attention to dyslipidemia and its long-term effects after thyroid hormone withdrawal, especially in patients with dyslipidemia before thyroidectomy. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03006289?term=NCT03006289&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT03006289.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Yao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Ji-nan, China
| | - Junyu Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Ji-nan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shaoguan First Peoples Hospital, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Lusi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Qiqi Sheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Ji-nan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Liao, ; Jianjun Dong,
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Liao, ; Jianjun Dong,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The exogenous lipoprotein pathway starts with the incorporation of dietary lipids into chylomicrons in the intestine. Chylomicron triglycerides are metabolized in muscle and adipose tissue and chylomicron remnants are formed, which are removed by the liver. The endogenous lipoprotein pathway begins in the liver with the formation of very low-density lipoprotein particles (VLDL). VLDL triglycerides are metabolized in muscle and adipose tissue forming intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), which may be taken up by the liver or further metabolized to low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Reverse cholesterol transport begins with the formation of nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by the liver and intestine that acquire cholesterol from cells resulting in mature HDL. The HDL then transports the cholesterol to the liver either directly or indirectly by transferring the cholesterol to VLDL or LDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Feingold
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94117, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Lima TR, González-Chica DA, D' Orsi E, Moreno YMF, Sui X, Silva DAS. Muscle Strength Assessed by Handgrip Strength Moderates the Relationship Between Overweight and Obesity With Cardiometabolic Risk Markers Among Adults and Older Adults. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35404780 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.2002246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: Few population-based studies have studied whether muscle strength (MS) levels influence the relationship between cardiometabolic markers with excess body weight. We investigate the possible moderator role of MS in the relationship between overweight and obesity with cardiometabolic markers. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis using data from two studies in Florianópolis, Brazil (EpiFloripa Adult Cohort Study, n = 862, 39.3 ± 11.4 years; EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study, n = 1,197, 69.7 ± 7.1 years). MS was assessed by handgrip strength. Body mass index (BMI) was classified as overweight or obesity (BMI 25.0-29.9 or ≥30.0 kg/m2, respectively). Cardiometabolic markers included systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), C-reactive protein (CRP), lipids, glucose markers, and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Linear regression models stratified by age groups (adults: <60 years; older adults: ≥60 years) and adjusted for confounders were used. Results: Compared to those with a normal BMI, overweight and obesity were related to higher SBP, DBP, lnCRP, ln triglycerides, fasting glucose (FG), and glicated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and inversely associated with HDL-C among adults and older adults (p value < .05 for all). Additionally, BMI was positively associated with LDL-C and CIMT only among adults (p value < .05). Among adults and older adults, elevated MS attenuated the adverse relationship between excess body weight with FG and HbA1c. Conclusion: Higher MS might help adults and older adults with overweight or obesity reduce their cardiovascular risk by keeping their FG and HbA1c at the same levels of those with a normal BMI.
Collapse
|
11
|
Genetic variation and intestinal cholesterol absorption in humans: A systematic review and a gene network analysis. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101164. [PMID: 35390434 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal cholesterol absorption varies widely between individuals, which may translate into differences in responsiveness to cholesterol-lowering drugs or diets. Therefore, understanding the importance of genetic variation on cholesterol absorption rates and the complex intestinal cholesterol network is important. Based on a systematic review, genetic variants in seven genes (ABCG5, ABCG8, ABO, APOE, MTTP, NPC1L1, and LDLR) were identified that were associated with intestinal cholesterol absorption. No clear associations were found for variants in APOA4, APOB, CETP, CYP7A1, HMGCR, SCARB1, SLCO1B1, and SREBF1. The seven genes were used to construct an intestinal cholesterol absorption network. Finally, a network with fifteen additional genes (APOA1, APOA4, APOB, APOC2, APOC3, CETP, HSPG2, LCAT, LDLRAP1, LIPC, LRP1, OLR1, P4HB, SAR1B, and SDC1) was generated. The constructed network shows that cholesterol absorption is complex. Further studies are needed to validate and improve this network, which may ultimately lead to a better understanding of the wide inter-individual variability in intestinal cholesterol absorption and the development of personalized interventions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Balanescu L, Cardoneanu A, Stanciu G, Balanescu R, Minulescu C, Pacurar D, Moga A. Hypertriglyceridemia Induced Acute Pancreatitis Caused by a Novel LIPC Gene Variant in a Pediatric Patient. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9020188. [PMID: 35204909 PMCID: PMC8870319 DOI: 10.3390/children9020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia induced acute pancreatitis is a rare cause of pancreatitis in children. Hepatic lipase deficiency is an extremely rare cause of hypertriglyceridemia, reported in only a few families to date. Hepatic lipase is the enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of triglycerides and phospholipids in remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins that have a role in the conversion of very low density lipoprotein remnants to low density lipoproteins. Hepatic lipase deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Detection of heterozygous carriers of hepatic lipase mutations remains accidental at the population level, as affected persons with a heterozygous state of hepatic lipase mutation do not display specific lipoprotein abnormalities and also patients with complete hepatic lipase deficiency have inconstant phenotype. The proximal promoter of the LIPC gene consists of four polymorphic sites in complete linkage disequilibrium. Five missense mutations in encoding exons have been described and proved to be responsible for hepatic lipase deficiency to date: S267F, T383M, L334F, A174T, and R186H, affecting the activity and secretion of hepatic lipase. We identified a primary disorder of the lipid metabolism as the cause of the acute episode of pancreatitis in a four years old patient, consisting of hepatic lipase deficiency caused by a novel genetic variant of the LIPC gene, a gross deletion of the genomic region encompassing exon 1. This variant was not previously described in the literature in persons with LIPC-related disorders and its significance is currently uncertain, but in the presented clinical and paraclinical context, it has the characteristics of a pathological variant inducing a hepatic lipase deficiency phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Balanescu
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Hospital for Children, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (L.B.); (G.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ancuta Cardoneanu
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Hospital for Children, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (L.B.); (G.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-722984237
| | - Gabriel Stanciu
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Hospital for Children, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (L.B.); (G.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Radu Balanescu
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Hospital for Children, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (L.B.); (G.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristian Minulescu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Pacurar
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Hospital for Children, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (L.B.); (G.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea Moga
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Hospital for Children, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (L.B.); (G.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee YH, Chang YS, Hsieh CC, Wang RT, Chang JG, Chen CJ, Chang SJ. APOE and KLF14 genetic variants are sex-specific for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol identified by a genome-wide association study. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20210280. [PMID: 35238325 PMCID: PMC8892272 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
14
|
Bonilha I, Hajduch E, Luchiari B, Nadruz W, Le Goff W, Sposito AC. The Reciprocal Relationship between LDL Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120807. [PMID: 34940565 PMCID: PMC8708656 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance feature substantial modifications of the lipoprotein profile, including a higher proportion of smaller and denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. In addition, qualitative changes occur in the composition and structure of LDL, including changes in electrophoretic mobility, enrichment of LDL with triglycerides and ceramides, prolonged retention of modified LDL in plasma, increased uptake by macrophages, and the formation of foam cells. These modifications affect LDL functions and favor an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic individuals. In this review, we discuss the main findings regarding the structural and functional changes in LDL particles in diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies targeting LDL in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Bonilha
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Beatriz Luchiari
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil;
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition, ICAN, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France;
| | - Andrei C. Sposito
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-3521-7098; Fax: +55-19-3289-410
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dos Santos LR, Melo SRDS, Severo JS, Morais JBS, da Silva LD, de Paiva Sousa M, de Sousa TGV, Henriques GS, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Cardiovascular Diseases in Obesity: What is the Role of Magnesium? Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4020-4027. [PMID: 33389619 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An excess of adipose tissue, a characteristic of obesity, has been associated with endocrine-metabolic alterations that contribute to dyslipidemias, which are characterized by an increase in the plasma concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, and LDL-c along with a reduction in HDL-c. Some nutrients such as the mineral magnesium play important roles in lipid metabolism. Magnesium regulates the activity of HMG-CoA reductase, increasing the activity of lipoprotein lipase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. The objective of this review is to present important aspects about the contribution of obesity to the manifestation of cardiovascular risk, to bring the main physiological functions of magnesium, as well as the role of the nutrient in the protection against cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that individuals with obesity have low intracellular concentrations of magnesium, which can compromise the nutrient's physiological functions. Thus, this mineral appears to play an important role in protecting against cardiovascular diseases; however, changes in the nutrient metabolism in obesity may compromise the functions of this element. Further studies are needed to clarify this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lyandra Dias da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Rua Hugo Napoleão, 665, Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apto 2001, Jockey, Teresina, PI, CEP 64048-320, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Rua Hugo Napoleão, 665, Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apto 2001, Jockey, Teresina, PI, CEP 64048-320, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Heath RJ, Wood TR. Why Have the Benefits of DHA Not Been Borne Out in the Treatment and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease? A Narrative Review Focused on DHA Metabolism and Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11826. [PMID: 34769257 PMCID: PMC8584218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid rich in seafood, is linked to Alzheimer's Disease via strong epidemiological and pre-clinical evidence, yet fish oil or other DHA supplementation has not consistently shown benefit to the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Furthermore, autopsy studies of Alzheimer's Disease brain show variable DHA status, demonstrating that the relationship between DHA and neurodegeneration is complex and not fully understood. Recently, it has been suggested that the forms of DHA in the diet and plasma have specific metabolic fates that may affect brain uptake; however, the effect of DHA form on brain uptake is less pronounced in studies of longer duration. One major confounder of studies relating dietary DHA and Alzheimer's Disease may be that adipose tissue acts as a long-term depot of DHA for the brain, but this is poorly understood in the context of neurodegeneration. Future work is required to develop biomarkers of brain DHA and better understand DHA-based therapies in the setting of altered brain DHA uptake to help determine whether brain DHA should remain an important target in the prevention of Alzheimer's Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory J. Heath
- Emergency Medicine Department, Derriford Hospital, University Hospitals Plymouth, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK;
| | - Thomas R. Wood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL 32502, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen PY, Chao TY, Hsu HJ, Wang CY, Lin CY, Gao WY, Wu MJ, Yen JH. The Lipid-Modulating Effect of Tangeretin on the Inhibition of Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) Gene Expression through Regulation of LXRα Activation in Hepatic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189853. [PMID: 34576019 PMCID: PMC8471037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The excessive accumulation of TG-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) in plasma is associated with dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). Tangeretin is a bioactive pentamethoxyflavone mainly found in citrus peels, and it has been reported to protect against hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the lipid-modulating effects and the underlying mechanisms of tangeretin action in hepatic cells. Transcriptome and bioinformatics analyses with the Gene Ontology (GO) database showed that tangeretin significantly regulated a set of 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the regulation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. Among these DEGs, angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3), an essential inhibitor of LPL catalytic activity that regulates TGRL metabolism in plasma, was markedly downregulated by tangeretin. We demonstrated that tangeretin significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of ANGPTL3 in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells. Tangeretin treatment of hepatic cells also reduced the levels of both intracellular and secreted ANGPTL3 proteins. Moreover, we found that inhibition of ANGPTL3 production by tangeretin augmented LPL activity. We further demonstrated that the transcriptional activity of the ANGPTL3 promoter was significantly attenuated by tangeretin, and we identified a DNA element located between the −250 and −121 positions that responded to tangeretin. Furthermore, we found that tangeretin did not alter the levels of the nuclear liver X receptor α (LXRα) protein, an essential transcription factor that binds to the tangeretin-responsive element, but it can counteract LXRα-mediated ANGPTL3 transcription. On the basis of molecular docking analysis, tangeretin was predicted to bind to the ligand-binding domain of LXRα, which would result in suppression of LXRα activation. Our findings support the hypothesis that tangeretin exerts a lipid-lowering effect by modulating the LXRα-ANGPTL3-LPL pathway, and thus, it can be used as a potential phytochemical for the prevention or treatment of dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Chen
- Center of Medical Genetics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Tzu-Ya Chao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Hao-Jen Hsu
- Department of Life Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yen Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Wan-Yun Gao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Jiuan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan;
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +88-63-856-5301 (ext. 2683)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen X, Teoh WP, Stock MR, Resko ZJ, Alonzo F. Branched chain fatty acid synthesis drives tissue-specific innate immune response and infection dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009930. [PMID: 34496007 PMCID: PMC8452012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid-derived acyl chains of phospholipids and lipoproteins are central to bacterial membrane fluidity and lipoprotein function. Though it can incorporate exogenous unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), Staphylococcus aureus synthesizes branched chain fatty acids (BCFA), not UFA, to modulate or increase membrane fluidity. However, both endogenous BCFA and exogenous UFA can be attached to bacterial lipoproteins. Furthermore, S. aureus membrane lipid content varies based upon the amount of exogenous lipid in the environment. Thus far, the relevance of acyl chain diversity within the S. aureus cell envelope is limited to the observation that attachment of UFA to lipoproteins enhances cytokine secretion by cell lines in a TLR2-dependent manner. Here, we leveraged a BCFA auxotroph of S. aureus and determined that driving UFA incorporation disrupted infection dynamics and increased cytokine production in the liver during systemic infection of mice. In contrast, infection of TLR2-deficient mice restored inflammatory cytokines and bacterial burden to wildtype levels, linking the shift in acyl chain composition toward UFA to detrimental immune activation in vivo. In in vitro studies, bacterial lipoproteins isolated from UFA-supplemented cultures were resistant to lipase-mediated ester hydrolysis and exhibited heightened TLR2-dependent innate cell activation, whereas lipoproteins with BCFA esters were completely inactivated after lipase treatment. These results suggest that de novo synthesis of BCFA reduces lipoprotein-mediated TLR2 activation and improves lipase-mediated hydrolysis making it an important determinant of innate immunity. Overall, this study highlights the potential relevance of cell envelope acyl chain repertoire in infection dynamics of bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago–Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Wei Ping Teoh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago–Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Madison R. Stock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago–Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Zachary J. Resko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago–Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Francis Alonzo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago–Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sugasini D, Yang P, Ng D, Khetarpal SA, Vitali C, Rader DJ, Subbaiah PV. Potential role of hepatic lipase in the accretion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by the brain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:159002. [PMID: 34197964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is an essential fatty acid that is required for the normal development and function of the brain. Because of its inability to synthesize adequate amounts of DHA from the precursors, the brain has to acquire DHA from plasma through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Recent studies demonstrated the presence of a transporter at the BBB that specifically transports DHA into the brain in the form of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC-DHA). However, the mechanism by which LPC-DHA is generated in the plasma is not known. Our previous studies showed that there are at least three different enzymes - lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), endothelial lipase (EL), and hepatic lipase (HL), which can generate LPC-DHA from sn-2 DHA phosphatidylcholine. Here we determined the relative contributions of these enzymes in the delivery of DHA to the brain by measuring the brain DHA levels in the mice deficient in each of these enzymes. The results show that the brain DHA levels of LCAT-deficient mice or EL-deficient mice were not significantly lower than those of their littermates. However, brain DHA was significantly decreased in HL deficient mice (13.5% of total fatty acids) compared to their littermates (17.1%) (p < 0.002), and further decreased to 8.3% of total fatty acids in mice deficient in both HL and EL. These results suggest that HL activity may be the major source for the generation of LPC-DHA in the plasma necessary for transport into the brain, and EL might contribute to this process in the absence of HL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dominic Ng
- Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumeet A Khetarpal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cecilia Vitali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Papasani V Subbaiah
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Benyoub N, Merzouk H, Merzouk AS, Ghorzi H. Changes in metabolic parameters in growing male rats exposed to 10% and 30% sucrose drinking. NUTR CLIN METAB 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Tenório MCC, Paz CL, Valladares F, Guimarães M, Sá CKCD, Correia L. Effects of Low-to-Moderate Doses of Anabolic Steroids on Lipid Profile and Muscle Hypertrophy in Resistance Training Practitioners: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20200107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
22
|
Huang JY, Zhang WL, Xing YN, Hou WB, Yin SC, Wang ZN, Tan YE, Xu YY, Zhu Z, Xu HM. Increased Expression of LIPC Is Associated with Aggressive Phenotype of Borrmann Type 4 Gastric Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:900-910. [PMID: 32157605 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate lipase C hepatic type (LIPC) expression in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer and its correlation with clinical outcome. The biological roles of LIPC in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer progression were also investigated. METHODS We determined LIPC expression in 324 primary gastric cancer tissues and 178 matched adjacent non-tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. We explored the role of LIPC in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer cell (OCUM-1) migration, invasion, proliferation, cell cycle, and expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes by knocking down LIPC expression. RESULTS LIPC expression was upregulated in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer tissues compared with other types of gastric cancer and adjacent non-tumor tissues. High LIPC expression correlated with lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and poor overall survival in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high LIPC expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer. By reducing LIPC expression, OCUM-1 cell invasion and migration were suppressed and Snail and MMP2 expression was downregulated, while E-cadherin expression was upregulated. CONCLUSIONS High LIPC expression correlates with poor clinical outcome and plays an important role in regulating cell migration and invasion in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei-Lan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Xing
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen-Bin Hou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Song-Cheng Yin
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-En Tan
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui-Mian Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Functional Haplotype of LIPC Induces Triglyceride-Mediated Suppression of HDL-C Levels According to Genome-Wide Association Studies. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020148. [PMID: 33499410 PMCID: PMC7910859 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipase (encoded by LIPC) is a glycoprotein in the triacylglycerol lipase family and mainly synthesized in and secreted from the liver. Previous studies demonstrated that hepatic lipase is crucial for reverse cholesterol transport and modulating metabolism and the plasma levels of several lipoproteins. This study was conducted to investigate the suppression effect of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in a genome-wide association study and explore the possible mechanisms linking triglyceride (TG) to LIPC variants and HDL-C. Genome-wide association data for TG and HDL-C were available for 4657 Taiwan-biobank participants. The prevalence of haplotypes in the LIPC promoter region and their effects were calculated. The cloned constructs of the haplotypes were expressed transiently in HepG2 cells and evaluated in a luciferase reporter assay. Genome-wide association analysis revealed that HDL-C was significantly associated with variations in LIPC after adjusting for TG. Three haplotypes (H1: TCG, H2: CTA and H3: CCA) in LIPC were identified. H2: CTA was significantly associated with HDL-C levels and H1: TCG suppressed HDL-C levels when a third factor, TG, was included in mediation analysis. The luciferase reporter assay further showed that the H2: CTA haplotype significantly inhibited luciferase activity compared with the H1: TCG haplotype. In conclusion, we identified a suppressive role for TG in the genome-wide association between LIPC and HDL-C. A functional haplotype of hepatic lipase may reduce HDL-C levels and is suppressed by TG.
Collapse
|
24
|
Bionaz M, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Busato S. Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:110. [PMID: 33292523 PMCID: PMC7667790 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5-6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics; however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids (FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome; thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen, molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons; uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However, large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sebastiano Busato
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kloska A, Węsierska M, Malinowska M, Gabig-Cimińska M, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J. Lipophagy and Lipolysis Status in Lipid Storage and Lipid Metabolism Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6113. [PMID: 32854299 PMCID: PMC7504288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses how lipophagy and cytosolic lipolysis degrade cellular lipids, as well as how these pathway ys communicate, how they affect lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in cells and how their dysfunction affects the pathogenesis of lipid storage and lipid metabolism diseases. Answers to these questions will likely uncover novel strategies for the treatment of aforementioned human diseases, but, above all, will avoid destructive effects of high concentrations of lipids-referred to as lipotoxicity-resulting in cellular dysfunction and cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kloska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Magdalena Węsierska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcelina Malinowska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.W.); (M.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.W.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Takeda H, Izumi Y, Tamura S, Koike T, Koike Y, Shiomi M, Bamba T. Lipid Profiling of Serum and Lipoprotein Fractions in Response to Pitavastatin Using an Animal Model of Familial Hypercholesterolemia. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1100-1108. [PMID: 31965805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Statins are widely used for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. They inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver and cause pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. To develop novel therapeutic drugs, the effect of blood-borne lipid molecules on the pleiotropic effects of statins must be elucidated. Myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbits, an animal model for hypercholesterolemia, are suitable for the determination of lipid molecules in the blood in response to statins because their lipoprotein metabolism is similar to that of humans. Herein, lipid molecules were investigated by lipidome analysis in response to pitavastatin using WHHLMI rabbits. Various lipid molecules in the blood were measured using a supercritical fluid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Cholesterol and cholesterol ester blood concentrations decreased by reducing the secretion of very low density lipoproteins from the liver. Independent of the inhibition effects of cholesterol biosynthesis, the concentrations of some lipids with anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects (phospholipid molecules with n-6 fatty acid side chains, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens, and ceramide molecules) were significantly altered. These findings may lead to further investigation of the mechanism of statin action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Takeda
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shohei Tamura
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomonari Koike
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yui Koike
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiomi
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.,Division of Comparative Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Reyes-Soffer G, Sztalryd C, Horenstein RB, Holleran S, Matveyenko A, Thomas T, Nandakumar R, Ngai C, Karmally W, Ginsberg HN, Ramakrishnan R, Pollin TI. Effects of APOC3 Heterozygous Deficiency on Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:63-72. [PMID: 30580564 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Apo (apolipoprotein) CIII inhibits lipoprotein lipase (LpL)-mediated lipolysis of VLDL (very-low-density lipoprotein) triglyceride (TG) and decreases hepatic uptake of VLDL remnants. The discovery that 5% of Lancaster Old Order Amish are heterozygous for the APOC3 R19X null mutation provided the opportunity to determine the effects of a naturally occurring reduction in apo CIII levels on the metabolism of atherogenic containing lipoproteins. Approach and Results- We conducted stable isotope studies of VLDL-TG and apoB100 in 5 individuals heterozygous for the null mutation APOC3 R19X (CT) and their unaffected (CC) siblings. Fractional clearance rates and production rates of VLDL-TG and apoB100 in VLDL, IDL (intermediate-density lipoprotein), LDL, apo CIII, and apo CII were determined. Affected (CT) individuals had 49% reduction in plasma apo CIII levels compared with CCs ( P<0.01) and reduced plasma levels of TG (35%, P<0.02), VLDL-TG (45%, P<0.02), and VLDL-apoB100 (36%, P<0.05). These changes were because of higher fractional clearance rates of VLDL-TG and VLDL-apoB100 with no differences in production rates. CTs had higher rates of the conversion of VLDL remnants to LDL compared with CCs. In contrast, rates of direct removal of VLDL remnants did not differ between the groups. As a result, the flux of apoB100 from VLDL to LDL was not reduced, and the plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol and LDL-apoB100 were not lower in the CT group. Apo CIII production rate was lower in CTs compared with CCs, whereas apo CII production rate was not different between the 2 groups. The fractional clearance rates of both apo CIII and apo CII were higher in CTs than CCs. Conclusions- These studies demonstrate that 50% reductions in plasma apo CIII, in otherwise healthy subjects, results in a significantly higher rate of conversion of VLDL to LDL, with little effect on direct hepatic uptake of VLDL. When put in the context of studies demonstrating significant protection from cardiovascular events in individuals with loss of function variants in the APOC3 gene, our results provide strong evidence that therapies which increase the efficiency of conversion of VLDL to LDL, thereby reducing remnant concentrations, should reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gissette Reyes-Soffer
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Carol Sztalryd
- Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore (C.S., R.B.H., T.I.P.)
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, VA Research Service, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.S., T.I.P.)
| | - Richard B Horenstein
- Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore (C.S., R.B.H., T.I.P.)
| | - Stephen Holleran
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Anastasiya Matveyenko
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Tiffany Thomas
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Renu Nandakumar
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Colleen Ngai
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Wahida Karmally
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Henry N Ginsberg
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Rajasekhar Ramakrishnan
- From the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (G.R.-S., S.H., A.M., T.T., R.N., C.N., W.K., H.N.G., R.R.)
| | - Toni I Pollin
- Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore (C.S., R.B.H., T.I.P.)
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, VA Research Service, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.S., T.I.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Rämö JT, Ripatti P, Tabassum R, Söderlund S, Matikainen N, Gerl MJ, Klose C, Surma MA, Stitziel NO, Havulinna AS, Pirinen M, Salomaa V, Freimer NB, Jauhiainen M, Palotie A, Taskinen MR, Simons K, Ripatti S. Coronary Artery Disease Risk and Lipidomic Profiles Are Similar in Hyperlipidemias With Family History and Population-Ascertained Hyperlipidemias. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012415. [PMID: 31256696 PMCID: PMC6662358 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background We asked whether, after excluding familial hypercholesterolemia, individuals with high low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) or triacylglyceride levels and a family history of the same hyperlipidemia have greater coronary artery disease risk or different lipidomic profiles compared with population‐based hyperlipidemias. Methods and Results We determined incident coronary artery disease risk for 755 members of 66 hyperlipidemic families (≥2 first‐degree relatives with similar hyperlipidemia) and 19 644 Finnish FINRISK population study participants. We quantified 151 circulating lipid species from 550 members of 73 hyperlipidemic families and 897 FINRISK participants using mass spectrometric shotgun lipidomics. Familial hypercholesterolemia was excluded using functional LDL receptor testing and genotyping. Hyperlipidemias (LDL‐C or triacylglycerides >90th population percentile) associated with increased coronary artery disease risk in meta‐analysis of the hyperlipidemic families and the population cohort (high LDL‐C: hazard ratio, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.48–2.04]; high triacylglycerides: hazard ratio, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.09–1.74]). Risk estimates were similar in the family and population cohorts also after adjusting for lipid‐lowering medication. In lipidomic profiling, high LDL‐C associated with 108 lipid species, and high triacylglycerides associated with 131 lipid species in either cohort (at 5% false discovery rate; P‐value range 0.038–2.3×10−56). Lipidomic profiles were highly similar for hyperlipidemic individuals in the families and the population (LDL‐C: r=0.80; triacylglycerides: r=0.96; no lipid species deviated between the cohorts). Conclusions Hyperlipidemias with family history conferred similar coronary artery disease risk as population‐based hyperlipidemias. We identified distinct lipidomic profiles associated with high LDL‐C and triacylglycerides. Lipidomic profiles were similar between hyperlipidemias with family history and population‐ascertained hyperlipidemias, providing evidence of similar and overlapping underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel T Rämö
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Pietari Ripatti
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Rubina Tabassum
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Sanni Söderlund
- 2 Research Programs Unit Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki Finland.,3 Endocrinology Abdominal Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Niina Matikainen
- 2 Research Programs Unit Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki Finland.,3 Endocrinology Abdominal Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | | | | | - Michal A Surma
- 4 Lipotype GmbH Dresden Germany.,5 Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development Wroclaw Poland
| | - Nathan O Stitziel
- 6 Cardiovascular Division Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO.,7 Department of Genetics Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO.,8 McDonnell Genome Institute Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,9 National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Matti Pirinen
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,10 Department of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Finland.,16 Department of Public Health Clinicum Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- 9 National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Nelson B Freimer
- 11 Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles CA
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- 9 National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland.,12 Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research Biomedicum Helsinki Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,13 Program in Medical and Population Genetics and The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA.,14 Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit Department of Psychiatry, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Department of Medicine, and the Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA
| | - Marja-Riitta Taskinen
- 2 Research Programs Unit Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Kai Simons
- 4 Lipotype GmbH Dresden Germany.,15 Max Planck Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden Germany
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,13 Program in Medical and Population Genetics and The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA.,16 Department of Public Health Clinicum Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Finland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Teng MS, Wu S, Hsu LA, Tzeng IS, Chou HH, Su CW, Ko YL. Pleiotropic association of LIPC variants with lipid and urinary 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine levels in a Taiwanese population. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:111. [PMID: 31077211 PMCID: PMC6511151 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic lipase (HL, encoded by LIPC) is a glycoprotein primarily synthesized and secreted by hepatocytes. Previous studies had demonstrated that HL is crucial for reverse cholesterol transport and affects the metabolism, composition, and level of several lipoproteins. In current study, we investigated the association of LIPC (Lipase C, Hepatic Type) variants with circulating and urinary biomarker levels by using subgroup and mediation analyses. METHODS A total of 572 participants from Taiwan were genotyped for three LIPC single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by using TaqMan assay. Fasting levels of glucose, lipid profile, inflammation markers, urine creatinine and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured. The chi-square test, 2-sample t test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine differences among variables and genotype frequencies. RESULTS SNPs rs2043085 and rs1532085 were significantly associated with urinary 8-OHdG levels, whereas all three SNPs were more significantly associated with Triglycerides (TG) or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels after additional adjustment for HDL-C or TG levels, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association of the LIPC SNPs with the levels of serum TG, HDL-C, and urinary 8-OHdG were predominantly observed in the men but not in the women. Differential associations of the LIPC SNPs with various lipid levels were observed in participants with different adiposity statuses. Mediation analyses indicated that TG levels acted as a suppressor masking the association of the LIPC genotypes with HDL-C levels, particularly in the men (Sobel test, all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our data revealed that interaction and suppression effects mediated the pleiotropic association of the LIPC variants. The effects of the LIPC SNPs depended on sex, adiposity status, and TG levels. Thus, our findings can provide a method for identifying high-risk populations of cardiovascular diseases for clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sheng Teng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Semon Wu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lung-An Hsu
- The First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Shiang Tzeng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chou
- The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Su
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Ko
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan. .,The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kobayashi J. Which is the Best Predictor for the Development of Atherosclerosis Among Circulating Lipoprotein Lipase, Hepatic Lipase, and Endothelial Lipase? J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:758-759. [PMID: 30814386 PMCID: PMC6753242 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
31
|
Han H, Dai D, Wang W, Zhu J, Zhu Z, Lu L, Zhang R. Impact of serum levels of lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and endothelial lipase on the progression of coronary artery disease. J Interv Med 2019; 2:16-20. [PMID: 34805864 PMCID: PMC8562274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jimed.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), and endothelial lipase (EL) and the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and methods According to the inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, diagnostic criteria, angiography results, and the random matching scheme, the enrolled patients were divided into the following two groups: the progression-free group (n = 47) and the progression group (n = 15). The baseline characteristics and various biochemical parameters were obtained from the medical records and medical history. Serum LPL, HL, and EL levels were detected by ELISA. The correlation between serum LPL, HL, and EL levels and coronary lesions was statistically analyzed with SPSS software. Results Significant differences were observed in serum levels of HL and EL between the progression-free group and the progression group (HL, 75.5 ± 39.2 ng/mL vs. 125.1 ± 42.1 ng/mL, P < 0.05; EL, 139.2 ± 59.6 pg/mL vs. 175.1 ± 40.1 pg/mL, P < 0.05), while the difference in the LPL level was not significant (P > 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) values of LPL, HL, and EL were 0.506 (95% CI: 0.369–0.642, P = 0.9470), 0.792 (95% CI: 0.664–0.888, P < 0.0001), and 0.693 (95% CI: 0.553–0.811, P = 0.0095), respectively. Additionally, logistic regression analysis showed that the serum level of HL was an independent risk factor for coronary artery lesion progression. Conclusion Serum levels of EL and HL, but not the serum level of LPL, were positively correlated with the progression of CAD. The serum level of HL was an independent risk factor for the progression of CAD, while the serum level of EL or LPL was not an independent risk factor for the progression of CAD. For the diagnosis of CAD progression, the serum level of HL was better than the serum level of EL or LPL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Daopeng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wencheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Jinzhou Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Zhengbin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Update on the diagnosis, treatment and management of rare genetic lipid disorders. Pathology 2019; 51:193-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
33
|
Sigal GA, Tavoni TM, Silva BMO, Kalil Filho R, Brandão LG, Maranhão RC. Effects of Short-Term Hypothyroidism on the Lipid Transfer to High-Density Lipoprotein and Other Parameters Related to Lipoprotein Metabolism in Patients Submitted to Thyroidectomy for Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2019; 29:53-58. [PMID: 30412041 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is the hallmark of the dyslipidemia observed in hypothyroidism, but alterations on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) plasma levels and metabolism are less understood. The aim of this study was to explore aspects of HDL metabolism and enzymes that act on HDL after a short period of overt hypothyroidism. METHODS Eighteen women (age 44 ± 11 years; body mass index 27.9 ± 5.2 kg/m2) were studied before total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer, when they were euthyroid, and after thyroidectomy, in overt hypothyroidism for three weeks, following levothyroxine withdrawal for performance of a whole-body scan. RESULTS Thyrotropin and free thyroxine confirmed hypothyroidism; low thyroglobulin and radioiodine uptake indicated near absence of thyroid tissue. LDL cholesterol (125 ± 35 vs. 167 ± 40 mg/dL; p = 0.0002), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C; 39 ± 8 vs. 46 ± 10 mg/dL; p = 0.0025), non-HDL-C (149 ± 38 vs. 201 ± 46 mg/dL; p < 0.0001), unesterified cholesterol (53 ± 10 vs. 70 ± 16 mg/dL; p = 0.0003), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I (1.32 ± 0.19 vs. 1.44 ± 0.22 g/L; p < 0.04), and apo B (0.97 ± 0.25 vs. 1.31 ± 0.28 g/L; p < 0.0001) plasma concentrations were all higher in hypothyroidism compared to values in the euthyroid state, but triglycerides and Lp(a) were unchanged. There were no changes in HDL particle size and lipid composition, cholesteryl ester transfer protein and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase concentrations and in paraoxonase-1 activity. Regarding the in vitro assay to estimate lipid transfer to HDL, there were no changes when comparing the euthyroid to the hypothyroid state, but when adjusted for HDL-C, the unesterified cholesterol (0.14 ± 0.03 vs. 0.11 ± 0.02; p < 0.0001), triglycerides (0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 0.09 ± 0.02; p < 0.0001), phospholipids (0.44 ± 0.09 vs. 0.40 ± 0.07; p = 0.0205), and esterified cholesterol (0.14 ± 0.03 vs. 0.13 ± 0.03; p = 0.0043) transfer to HDL were all diminished in hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS In short-term hypothyroidism, HDL-C increased, but this did not increase the capacity of the HDL fraction to receive lipids or the activity of paraoxonase-1, the anti-oxidation enzyme associated to HDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert A Sigal
- 1 Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thauany M Tavoni
- 1 Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 2 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna M O Silva
- 1 Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil Filho
- 3 Clinical Cardiology Division, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lenine G Brandão
- 4 Department of Head and Neck Surgery of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- 1 Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 2 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhao X, Ren Y, Li H, Wu Y. Association of LIPC -250G/A and -514C/T polymorphisms and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:238. [PMID: 30322388 PMCID: PMC6190538 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is the most common chronic disease, and most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) gene -250G/A (rs2070895) and -514C/T (rs1800588) polymorphisms and the susceptibility to hypertension. Methods Published studies were searched using the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Sensitivity analysis was performed using “leave one out” method. Egger’s test was used to evaluate the publication bias. The random effect model was used to calculate the pooled effect size if P < 0.05 or I2 ≥ 50%; otherwise, the fixed effect model was selected. Results Four eligible studies, including 2599 participants, were enrolled in the included studies from 2007 to 2014. Quality evaluation revealed that each study had high NOS scores ranged from 5 to 7. The LIPC rs1800588 polymorphism was not found to be associated with the susceptibility to hypertension under all genetic models (T vs C, P = 0.38; CT vs CC, P = 0.46; TT vs CC, P = 0.38; TT vs CC + CT, P = 0.54; TT + CT vs CC, P = 0.34). Notably, the frequencies of the AA+GA genotypes of LIPC rs2070895 polymorphism were related to an increased risk of hypertension (AA+GA vs. GG, OR = 1.1954, 95% CI: 1.0001–1.4288, P = 0.05). Conclusion The LIPC rs2070895 polymorphism was found to be related to an increased risk of hypertension. However, LIPC rs1800588 polymorphism was not associated with the susceptibility to hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingsheng Zhao
- Cardiology Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Zhao Wuda Road, Saipan District, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Yu Ren
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hui Li
- Cardiology Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Zhao Wuda Road, Saipan District, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Cardiology Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Zhao Wuda Road, Saipan District, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nakajima K, Machida T, Imamura S, Kawase D, Miyashita K, Fukamachi I, Maeda M, Muraba Y, Koga T, Kobayashi J, Kimura T, Nakajima K, Murakami M. An automated method for measuring lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities in post-heparin plasma. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 487:54-59. [PMID: 30218657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) play a central role in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism by catalyzing the hydrolysis of triglycerides. Quantification of LPL and HTGL activity is useful for diagnosing lipid disorders, but there has been no automated method for measuring these lipase activities. METHODS The automated kinetic colorimetric method was used for assaying LPL and HTGL activity in the post-heparin plasma using the natural long-chain fatty acid 2-diglyceride as a substrate. LPL activity was determined with apoCII and HTGL activity was determined without apoCII with 2 channel of auto-analyzer. RESULTS The calibration curve for dilution tests of the LPL and HTGL activity assay ranged from 0.0 to 500 U/L. Within-run CV was obtained within a range of 5%. No interference was observed in the testing of specimens containing potentially interfering substances. The measurement range of LPL activity in the post-heparin plasma was 30-153 U/L, while HTGL activity was 135-431 U/L in normal controls. CONCLUSIONS The L PL and HTGL activity assays are applicable to quantitating the LPL and HTGL activity in the post-heparin plasma. This assay is more convenient and faster than radiochemical assay and highly suitable for the detection of lipid disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Machida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Junji Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takao Kimura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan; Hidaka Hospital, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Masami Murakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chan DC, Watts GF, Somaratne R, Wasserman SM, Scott R, Barrett PHR. Comparative Effects of PCSK9 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9) Inhibition and Statins on Postprandial Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:1644-1655. [PMID: 29880491 PMCID: PMC6039422 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— Inhibition of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) and statins are known to lower plasma LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol concentrations. However, the comparative effects of these treatments on the postprandial metabolism of TRLs (triglyceride-rich lipoproteins) remain to be investigated. Approach and Results— We performed a 2-by-2 factorial trial of the effects of 8 weeks of subcutaneous evolocumab (420 mg every 2 weeks) and atorvastatin (80 mg daily) on postprandial TRL metabolism in 80 healthy, normolipidemic men after ingestion of an oral fat load. We evaluated plasma total and incremental area under the curves for triglycerides, apo (apolipoprotein)B-48, and VLDL (very-LDL)-apoB-100. We also examined the kinetics of apoB-48 using intravenous D3-leucine administration, mass spectrometry, and multicompartmental modeling. Atorvastatin and evolocumab independently lowered postprandial VLDL-apoB-100 total area under the curves (P<0.001). Atorvastatin, but not evolocumab, reduced fasting plasma apoB-48, apoC-III, and angiopoietin-like 3 concentrations (P<0.01), as well as postprandial triglyceride and apoB-48 total area under the curves (P<0.001) and the incremental area under the curves for plasma triglycerides, apoB-48, and VLDL-apoB-100 (P<0.01). Atorvastatin also independently increased TRL apoB-48 fractional catabolic rate (P<0.001) and reduced the number of apoB-48–containing particles secreted in response to the fat load (P<0.01). In contrast, evolocumab did not significantly alter the kinetics of apoB-48. Conclusions— In healthy, normolipidemic men, atorvastatin decreased fasting and postprandial apoB-48 concentration by accelerating the catabolism of apoB-48 particles and reducing apoB-48 particle secretion in response to a fat load. Inhibition of PCSK9 with evolocumab had no significant effect on apoB-48 metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dick C Chan
- From Schools of Medicine (D.C.C., G.F.W.).,Biomedical Science (D.C.C., P.H.R.B.)
| | - Gerald F Watts
- From Schools of Medicine (D.C.C., G.F.W.) .,the Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia (G.F.W.)
| | - Ransi Somaratne
- Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA (S.M.W., R. Somaratne, R. Scott)
| | | | - Rob Scott
- Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA (S.M.W., R. Somaratne, R. Scott)
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Teng MS, Wu S, Er LK, Hsu LA, Chou HH, Ko YL. LIPC variants as genetic determinants of adiposity status, visceral adiposity indicators, and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index-related parameters mediated by serum triglyceride levels. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10:79. [PMID: 30410583 PMCID: PMC6218991 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adiposity indicators and the product of triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose (TyG) index-related parameters are effective surrogate markers for insulin resistance (IR) and are predictors of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. However, their genetic determinants have not been previously reported. Pleiotropic associations of LIPC variants have been observed in lipid profiles and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate LIPC polymorphisms as the genetic determinants of adiposity status, visceral adiposity indicators and TyG index-related parameters. METHODS A total of 592 participants from Taiwan were genotyped for three LIPC single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS The LIPC SNPs rs2043085 and rs1532085 were significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index, and TyG index-related parameters [including the TyG index, TyG with adiposity status (TyG-BMI), and TyG-WC index], whereas the rs1800588 SNP was only significantly associated with the TyG index. The associations became nonsignificant after further adjustment for serum TG levels. No significant association was observed between any the studied LIPC SNPs and IR status. CONCLUSION Our data revealed a pleiotropic association between the LIPC variants and visceral adiposity indicators and TyG index-related parameters, which are mediated by serum TG levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sheng Teng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
| | - Semon Wu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114 Taiwan
| | - Leay-Kiaw Er
- The Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97071 Taiwan
| | - Lung-An Hsu
- First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chou
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Ko
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97071 Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Magvanjav O, Gong Y, McDonough CW, Chapman AB, Turner ST, Gums JG, Bailey KR, Boerwinkle E, Beitelshees AL, Tanaka T, Kubo M, Pepine CJ, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Johnson JA. Genetic Variants Associated With Uncontrolled Blood Pressure on Thiazide Diuretic/β-Blocker Combination Therapy in the PEAR (Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses) and INVEST (International Verapamil-SR Trandolapril Study) Trials. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e006522. [PMID: 29097388 PMCID: PMC5721751 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of hypertensive individuals require combination antihypertensive therapy to achieve adequate blood pressure (BP) control. This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with uncontrolled BP on combination therapy with a thiazide diuretic and a β-blocker. METHODS AND RESULTS A genome-wide association study of uncontrolled BP on combination therapy was conducted among 314 white participants of the PEAR (Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses) trial. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. Genetic variants meeting a suggestive level of significance (P<1.0E-05) were tested for replication in an external cohort, INVEST (International Verapamil-SR Trandolapril study). We also examined genome-wide variant associations with systolic and diastolic BP response on combination therapy and tested for replication. We discovered a single nucleotide polymorphism, the rs261316 major allele, at chromosome 15 in the gene ALDH1A2 associated with an increased odds of having uncontrolled BP on combination therapy (odds ratio: 2.56, 95% confidence interval, 1.69-3.88, P=8.64E-06). This single nucleotide polymorphism replicated (odds ratio: 1.86, 95% confidence interval, 1.35-2.57, P=0.001) and approached genome-wide significance in the meta-analysis between discovery and replication cohorts (odds ratio: 2.16, 95% confidence interval, 1.63-2.86, P=8.60E-08). Other genes in the region surrounding rs261316 (ALDH1A2) include AQP9 and LIPC. CONCLUSIONS A single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene ALDH1A2 may be associated with uncontrolled BP following treatment with a thiazide diuretic/β-blocker combination. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00246519.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oyunbileg Magvanjav
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
| | - Caitrin W McDonough
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
| | - Arlene B Chapman
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - John G Gums
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
| | - Kent R Bailey
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amber L Beitelshees
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Carl J Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Rhonda M Cooper-DeHoff
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Julie A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Buonuomo PS, Rabacchi C, Macchiaiolo M, Trenti C, Fasano T, Tarugi P, Bartuli A, Bertolini S, Calandra S. Incidental finding of severe hypertriglyceridemia in children. Role of multiple rare variants in genes affecting plasma triglyceride. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:1329-1337.e3. [PMID: 28951076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidental finding of severe hypertriglyceridemia (HyperTG) in a child may suggest the diagnosis of familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), a recessive disorder of the intravascular hydrolysis of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. FCS may be due to pathogenic variants in lipoprotein lipase (LPL), as well as in other proteins, such as apolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein A-V (activators of LPL), GPIHBP1 (the molecular platform required for LPL activity on endothelial surface) and LMF1 (a factor required for intracellular formation of active LPL). OBJECTIVE Molecular characterization of 5 subjects in whom HyperTG was an incidental finding during infancy/childhood. METHODS We performed the parallel sequencing of 20 plasma TG-related genes. RESULTS Three children with severe HyperTG were found to be compound heterozygous for rare pathogenic LPL variants (2 nonsense, 3 missense, and 1 splicing variant). Another child was found to be homozygous for a nonsense variant of APOA5, which was also found in homozygous state in his father with longstanding HyperTG. The fifth patient with a less severe HyperTG was found to be heterozygous for a frameshift variant in LIPC resulting in a truncated Hepatic Lipase. In addition, 1 of the patients with LPL deficiency and the patient with APOA-V deficiency were also heterozygous carriers of a pathogenic variant in LIPC and LPL gene, respectively, whereas the patient with LIPC variant was also a carrier of a rare APOB missense variant. CONCLUSIONS Targeted parallel sequencing of TG-related genes is recommended to define the molecular defect in children presenting with an incidental finding of HyperTG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Rabacchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marina Macchiaiolo
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Trenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lipid Clinic, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fasano
- Clinical Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Tarugi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartuli
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bertolini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Calandra
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Miyashita K, Nakajima K, Fukamachi I, Muraba Y, Koga T, Shimomura Y, Machida T, Murakami M, Kobayashi J. A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for human serum hepatic triglyceride lipase. J Lipid Res 2017. [PMID: 28634192 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m075432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no established method for measuring human hepatic triglyceride (TG) lipase (HTGL) concentration in serum. In this study, we developed new monoclonal Abs (MoAbs) (9A1 mouse MoAb and 141A1 rat MoAb) that react with HTGL both in serum and in postheparin plasma (PHP) and established a novel ELISA system for measuring serum HTGL and PHP-HTGL concentrations. To confirm the specificity of MoAbs, we performed immunoprecipitation-immunoblotting analysis. Both 9A1 mouse MoAb and 141A1 rat MoAb were able to immunoprecipitate not only recombinant HTGL and PHP-HTGL but also serum HTGL, demonstrating that HTGL exists in serum obtained without heparin injection. This method yielded intra- and interassay coefficients of variation of <6% and showed no cross-reactivity with LPL or endothelial lipase. In clinical analysis on 42 male subjects with coronary artery disease, there were strong positive correlations of serum HTGL concentration to PHP-HTGL concentration (r = 0.727, P < 0.01). Serum HTGL concentrations showed positive correlations to serum TGs (r = 0.314, P < 0.05) and alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.406, P < 0.01), and tendencies toward positive correlations to LDL cholesterol, small dense LDL, and γGTP. These results suggest that this new ELISA method for measuring serum HTGL is applicable in daily clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsuyuki Nakajima
- Department of General Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan; Hidaka Hospital, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Isamu Fukamachi
- Immuno-Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Fujioka, Gunma, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Tetsuyo Machida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masami Murakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Junji Kobayashi
- Department of General Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Koopal C, Marais AD, Visseren FLJ. Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia: an underdiagnosed lipid disorder. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2017; 24:133-139. [PMID: 28098593 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review pathophysiological, epidemiological and clinical aspects of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia; a model disease for remnant metabolism and remnant-associated cardiovascular risk. RECENT FINDINGS Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia is characterized by remnant accumulation caused by impaired remnant clearance, and premature cardiovascular disease. Most familial dysbetalipoproteinemia patients are homozygous for apolipoprotein ε2, which is associated with decreased binding of apolipoprotein E to the LDL receptor. Although familial dysbetalipoproteinemia is an autosomal recessive disease in most cases, 10% is caused by autosomal dominant mutations. Of people with an ε2ε2 genotype 15% develops familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, which is associated with secondary risk factors, such as obesity and insulin resistance, that inhibit remnant clearance by degradation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan receptor. The prevalence of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia ranges from 0.12 to 0.40% depending on the definition used. Clinical characteristics of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia are xanthomas and mixed hyperlipidemia (high total cholesterol and triglycerides); the primary lipid treatment goal in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia is non-HDL-cholesterol; and treatment consists of dietary therapy and treatment with statin and fibrate combination. SUMMARY Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia is a relatively common, though often not diagnosed, lipid disorder characterized by mixed hyperlipidemia, remnant accumulation and premature cardiovascular disease, which should be treated with dietary therapy and statin and fibrate combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Koopal
- aVascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands bDivision of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty and National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lipoprotein profiling methodology based on determination of apolipoprotein concentration. Bioanalysis 2017; 9:9-19. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2016-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Abnormal lipid metabolism results in the alteration of lipid compositions in lipoproteins; therefore an accurate and quantitative analytical approach is required for the detailed structural characterization of lipoproteins. However, the specific lipid composition of each lipoprotein particle is poorly understood. Materials & methods: Lipid composition of very-low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein particles derived from myocardial infarction-prone rabbits was determined by normalization of lipidomics data using apoB-100 levels. Results: The ratio of lipid levels between very-low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein particles was different according to not only lipid classes, but also phosphatidylethanolamine subclasses by applying our developed methodology to myocardial infarction-prone rabbits. Conclusion: Our novel analytical approach represents to be a potentially useful tool to obtain particle-specific lipid components of lipoproteins.
Collapse
|
43
|
Schiekofer S, Kleber ME, Maerz W, Rasche FM, Schneider JG. The Proline 7 Substitution in the Preproneuropeptide Y Is Associated with Higher Hepatic Lipase Activity In Vivo. Int J Endocrinol 2017; 2017:2869090. [PMID: 28638407 PMCID: PMC5468775 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2869090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipase (HL) functions as a lipolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides and phospholipids present in circulating plasma lipoproteins. Plasma HL activity is known to be regulated by hormonal and metabolic factors, but HL responsiveness to insulin as well as its role in modulating atherosclerotic risk is still controversial. We investigated on the influence of a known polymorphism in the neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) on HL activity in two different cohorts consisting of diabetic and nondiabetic patients. HL activity was 24% and 34% higher on nondiabetic and diabetic subjects in the presence of the 7Pro allele in NPY, respectively. The presence of the 7Pro allele was an independent predictor of HL activity in multivariate analyses in both cohorts. These data suggest a regulatory effect of NPY on HL activity. Among carriers of the 7Pro allele, we also found a statistically significant lower absolute number of infarctions compared to noncarriers (p < 0.05) and a nonsignificant trend towards less myocardial infarction in the 7Pro allele diabetic carriers (p = 0.085). In conclusion, the common 7Pro allele in NPY was associated with higher HL activity in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects and its presence seems to coincide with a lower frequency of certain cardiovascular events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Winfried Maerz
- Vth Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Franz M. Rasche
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Neurology, Dermatology, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, Section of Nephrology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jochen G. Schneider
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg and Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch (CHEM), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- *Jochen G. Schneider:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A major step in energy metabolism is hydrolysis of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) to release fatty acids that can be used or stored. This is accomplished by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) at 'binding lipolysis sites' at the vascular endothelium. A multitude of interactions are involved in this seemingly simple reaction. Recent advances in the understanding of some of these factors will be discussed in an attempt to build a comprehensive picture. RECENT FINDINGS The first event in catabolism of TRLs is that they dock at the vascular endothelium. This requires LPL and GPIHBP1, the endothelial transporter of LPL.Kinetic studies in rats with labeled chylomicrons showed that once a chylomicron has docked in the heart it stays for minutes and a large number of triacylglycerol molecules are split. The distribution of binding between tissues reflects the amount of LPL, as evident from studies with mutant mice.Clearance of TRLs is often slowed down in metabolic disease, as was demonstrated both in mice and men. In mice, this was directly connected to decreased amounts of endothelial LPL. SUMMARY The LPL system is central in energy metabolism and results from interplay between several factors. Rapid and exciting progress is being made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunilla Olivecrona
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Physiological Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pan H, Yang Q, Huang G, Ding C, Cao P, Huang L, Xiao T, Guo J, Su Z. Hypolipidemic effects of chitosan and its derivatives in hyperlipidemic rats induced by a high-fat diet. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:31137. [PMID: 27146338 PMCID: PMC4856842 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.31137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is the primary risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Various factors, including genetics, physical inactivity, and daily nutritional habits, affect the prevalence of HLP. Recently, it was revealed that dietary fibers, such as pectin, psyllium, and especially chitosan (CTS), may play important roles in hypolipidemic management. Thus, this study aims to determine the hypolipidemic effect and mechanism of CTS and its water-soluble derivatives, chitosan oligosaccharides (MN≤1,000 Da (COSI) and MN≤3,000 Da (COSIII)), in male hyperlipidemic rats induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Design After the model creation, 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally assigned to 12 groups fed various diets as follows: the normal group with basic diet, an HFD group, an HFD group supplemented with three doses of CTS, COSI and COSIII groups, and an HFD group treated with simvastatin (7 mg/kg·d). After 6 weeks, body weight, fat/body ratio, and the relevant biomarkers of serum, liver, and feces were measured. Additionally, the histological analysis of liver and adipose tissue was performed, and the mRNA expressions of liver peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) and hepatic lipase (HL) were examined. Results Compared with HFD group, rats fed CTS, COSI, and COSIII showed a better ability to regulate their body weight, liver and cardiac indices, fat/body ratio, as well as serum, liver, and fecal lipids, and simultaneously to maintain the appropriate activity of liver and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as liver and fecal total bile acids (TBA). Simultaneously, there had been a higher mRNA expression of PPARα and HL in the treatment groups. Conclusion The obtained results suggested that these three function foods can effectively improve liver lipid metabolism by normalizing the expressions of PPARα and HL, and protect liver from the oxidized trauma by enhancing hepatic function, which could be potentially used to remedy hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Pan
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Yang
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guidong Huang
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Ding
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqiu Cao
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Huang
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Guangzhou Boxabio Ltd, D-106 Guangzhou International Business Incubator, Guangzhou Science City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Julve J, Martín-Campos JM, Escolà-Gil JC, Blanco-Vaca F. Chylomicrons: Advances in biology, pathology, laboratory testing, and therapeutics. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 455:134-48. [PMID: 26868089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The adequate absorption of lipids is essential for all mammalian species due to their inability to synthesize some essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Chylomicrons (CMs) are large, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins that are produced in intestinal enterocytes in response to fat ingestion, which function to transport the ingested lipids to different tissues. In addition to the contribution of CMs to postprandial lipemia, their remnants, the degradation products following lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase, are linked to cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will focus on the structure-function and metabolism of CMs. Second, we will analyze the impact of gene defects reported to affect CM metabolism and, also, the role of CMs in other pathologies, such as atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Third, we will provide an overview of the laboratory tests currently used to study CM disorders, and, finally, we will highlight current treatments in diseases affecting CMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josep Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l'HSCSP - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jesús M Martín-Campos
- Institut de Recerca de l'HSCSP - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l'HSCSP - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- Institut de Recerca de l'HSCSP - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Servei de Bioquímica, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|