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Chen Y, Hu P, He Y, Qin H, Hu L, Yang R. Association of TyG index and central obesity with hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2235. [PMID: 38278849 PMCID: PMC10817920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and waist circumstance have been well documented to be highly correlated with hypertension. However, the joint effect of waist circumstance and TyG on the risk of hypertension is unknown in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between TyG and the risk of new-onset hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals with different waist circumstances. The multicentred prospective cohort study was conducted in 28 provinces of China including a total of 5865 eligible participants aged ≥ 45 years old. Cox regression was performed to examine the relationship of TyG index and hypertension with adjustments for the pertinent variables. Besides, the relationship was explored in different groups on the basis of waist circumstance. There was no significant correlation between TyG index and new-onset hypertension after adjustment for pertinent variables (hazards ratio [HR]: 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-1.24). When the association was explored in different waist circumstance groups, multivariate cox regression analyses revealed that TyG was an independent factor positively associated with the risk of hypertension in central obesity prophase group (HR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.13-2.16). Among individuals with central obesity, relative to population with lower TyG (Q1: 4.96-8.18), people who had higher TyG (Q3: 8.52-8.95; Q4: 8.95-12.14) were associated with significantly lower HR for hypertension. There was no conspicuous correlation between TyG index with new-onset hypertension in normal waist circumstance (HR: 1.05; 95% CI 0.84-1.30). The research demonstrated the positive relationship of TyG with risk of hypertension among individuals with central obesity prophase, negative relationship of TyG with hypertension among population with central obesity and inconspicuous correlation of TyG with hypertension among individuals with normal waist. In conclusion, the study findings supported the combined effects of TyG index and waist circumference in predicting hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yangyang He
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Longlong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Nagayama D, Krakauer JC, Krakauer NY, Sugiura T, Watanabe Y, Shimizu K, Saiki A, Suzuki K, Fujishiro K, Shirai K. Cumulative Cigarette Consumption is Associated with Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) Mediated by Abdominal Obesity Assessed by A Body Shape Index (ABSI): A Cross-Sectional Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1870-1881. [PMID: 37197950 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the mechanism by which cigarette smoking causes vascular damage, we examined the relationship between cumulative cigarette consumption and abdominal obesity, and the possible mediating effect of smoking on arterial stiffness. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 19499 never smokers and 5406 current smokers receiving health screening was analyzed. Abdominal obesity was assessed by ABSI, and arterial stiffness by CAVI. High CAVI was defined as CAVI ≥ 9.0. RESULTS Current smoker showed higher ABSI than never smokers after propensity score matching. Cumulative cigarette consumption expressed in pack-years correlated with ABSI (Rs: 0.312 in men, 0.252 in women), and was also extracted as an independent factor associated with ABSI by multiple regression analysis. A linear relationship between pack-year and CAVI was observed (Rs: 0.544 in men, 0.423 in women). Pack-year had almost equal discriminatory power in predicting high CAVI in both sexes (C-statistic: 0.774 in men, 0.747 in women), and the best cut-offs of pack-year for high CAVI were 24.5 in men and 14.7 in women. Bivariate logistic regression models revealed that the association between pack-year higher than cut-off and high CAVI was independent of traditional risks. A mediating effect of ABSI (mediation rate: 9.9% in men and 11.2% in women), but not waist circumference (WC), on the association of pack-year with CAVI was observed, after adjusting for traditional risks. CONCLUSION Cumulative cigarette smoking in pack-years was independently associated with ABSI. ABSI partially mediates the association between pack-year and CAVI, suggesting that abdominal obesity partially mediates smoking-related vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Nagayama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagayama Clinic
- Center of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Toho University, Sakura Medical Center
| | | | - Nir Y Krakauer
- Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York
| | | | - Yasuhiro Watanabe
- Center of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Toho University, Sakura Medical Center
| | - Kazuhiro Shimizu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University, Sakura Medical Center
| | - Atsuhito Saiki
- Center of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Toho University, Sakura Medical Center
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Research and Development Division, Japan Health Promotion Foundation
| | - Kentaro Fujishiro
- Research and Development Division, Japan Health Promotion Foundation
| | - Kohji Shirai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mihama Hospital
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Wang J, Wang Y, Guo Z, Lin Z, Jin X, Niu H, Wu Y, Tang L, Hou H. Influence of lifestyle on suboptimal health: Insights from a national cross-sectional survey in China. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04151. [PMID: 37974435 PMCID: PMC10654550 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Suboptimal health status (SHS) is a non-clinical or pre-disease state between optimal/ideal health and disease. While its etiology remains unclear, lifestyle is considered one of the most important risk factors. We aimed to examine the effects of lifestyles on SHS through a nationwide survey in China. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 148 cities across China between 20 June and 31 August 2022, on 30 505 participants from rural and urban communities gathered through stratified quota sampling. We measured SHS with the Short-Form Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire (SHSQ-SF). We gathered information on participants' lifestyles (ie, smoking, alcohol consumption, breakfast habits, weekly food delivery frequency, intermittent fasting, sleep duration and physical activities) through face-to-face interview. We determined the relationship between lifestyle and SHS logistic regression analysis by based on odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results We included 22 897 participants (female: 13 056, male: 9841), 12 108 (52.88%) of whom reported exposure to SHS. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, individuals who currently smoked (OR = 1.165; 95% CI = 1.058-1.283) and those who drank alcohol (OR = 1.483; 95% CI = 1.377.1.596) were at a higher risk of SHS than those who have never done either. In a dose-response way, takeaway food consumption was associated with a higher risk of SHS, while increased frequency of breakfast and mild-intensity exercise conversely reduced said risk. Individuals with shorter sleep duration had a higher risk of SHS when compared to those who slept for more than seven hours per day. Conclusions We observed a relatively high prevalence of SHS across China, highlighting the importance of lifestyle in health promotion. Specifically, adopting healthy dietary habits, engaging in regular physical activity, and ensuring high-quality sleep are key in preventing SHS. Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200061046).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Zi Lin
- Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Xiangqian Jin
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Niu
- Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Tang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Haifeng Hou
- School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
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4
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Li YY, Yang YM, Zhu S, Cheng H, Hernandez J, Huang W, Wang HHX, Li YT. Changes in body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1112855. [PMID: 37124734 PMCID: PMC10130380 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1112855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The primary care management of blood glucose, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and body weight is important among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to prevent disease progression. Information on how weight changes would improve or deteriorate cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is warranted for making primary care recommendations. We aimed to investigate the changes in body weight and CV risk factors and to analyse their association in a Chinese population with T2DM. Methods We retrieved longitudinal data between 2020 and 2021 from 1,758 adult primary care patients enrolled in a diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening programme. Linear associations of changes in body weight with CV risk factors were explored. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine associations between different weight change categories and the worsening of CV risk factors. Results The mean age of all the participants was 63.71 years, and over half of participants were females. During a one-year follow-up period, 24.7% of patients had a weight loss of ≥3%, while 22.2% of patients had a weight gain of ≥3%. Patients who had a weight loss of ≥3% were more likely to prevent the worsening of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and triglycerides, while those who had a weight gain of ≥3% tended to have worsened HbA1c, lipid profiles, and blood pressure. Conclusion Results from this real-world investigation suggested the concurrent need for weight loss intervention among patients who are overweight or obese and weight gain prevention among patients whose body weight falls within the normal range in the context of community-based diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yi Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Meng Yang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sufen Zhu
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Cheng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jose Hernandez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, EDU, Digital Education Holdings Ltd., Kalkara, Malta
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wenyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Harry H. X. Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Usher Institute, Deanery of Molecular, Genetic & Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Honda T, Ishida Y, Oda M, Noguchi K, Chen S, Sakata S, Oishi E, Furuta Y, Yoshida D, Hirakawa Y, Hata J, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T. Changes in Body Weight and Concurrent Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Profiles in Community Residents in Japan: the Hisayama Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:252-267. [PMID: 33455974 PMCID: PMC8803559 DOI: 10.5551/jat.59394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the influence of weight change on concurrent changes in predicted cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and individual CVD risk factors over time. METHODS A total of 2,140 community-dwellers aged 40-74 years participated in both 2002 and 2007 health examinations. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Weight trajectories were classified as: "stable obese" (obese at both examinations), "obese to nonobese" (obese in 2002 but nonobese in 2007), "nonobese to obese" (nonobese in 2002 but obese in 2007), or "stable nonobese" (nonobese at both examinations). We compared changes in the model-predicted risk for CVD and individual CVD risk factors across weight-change categories. RESULTS The predicted risk for CVD increased during 5 years in all groups; the increment in the predicted risk for CVD was smallest in the obese to nonobese participants and steepest in the nonobese to obese subjects. Compared with the stable obese participants, the obese to nonobese participants had greater favorable changes in waist circumferences, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and liver enzymes. For all these parameters, opposite trends were observed when comparing the nonobese to obese participants with the stable nonobese group. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the favorable association of losing weight in obese people and avoiding excessive weight gain in nonobese people with global risk of future CVD and individual CVD risk factors in a real-world setting. The findings could improve behavioral lifestyle interventions that provide information on the health consequences of weight change at health checkups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oda
- Clinical Science Division, R&D Janssen Pharmaceutical K. K. 3-5-2 Nishi-kanda, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Noguchi
- Clinical Science Division, R&D Janssen Pharmaceutical K. K. 3-5-2 Nishi-kanda, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanmei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Sakata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Emi Oishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Furuta
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medical-Engineering Collaboration for Healthy Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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6
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Takeda K, Aotani D, Kuga Y, Jinno T, Guo T, Ogawa K, Shimizu Y, Hattori R, Yagi T, Koyama H, Matsumura S, Kataoka H, Tanaka T. A mouse model of weight gain after nicotine withdrawal. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 588:140-146. [PMID: 34954521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Smoking cessation increases body weight. The underlying mechanisms, however, have not been fully understood. We here report an establishment of a mouse model that exhibits an augmented body weight gain after nicotine withdrawal. High fat diet-fed mice were infused with nicotine for two weeks, and then with vehicle for another two weeks using osmotic minipumps. Body weight increased immediately after nicotine cessation and was significantly higher than that of mice continued on nicotine. Mice switched to vehicle consumed more food than nicotine-continued mice during the first week of cessation, while oxygen consumption was comparable. Elevated expression of orexigenic agouti-related peptide was observed in the hypothalamic appetite center. Pair-feeding experiment revealed that the accelerated weight gain after nicotine withdrawal is explained by enhanced energy intake. As a showcase of an efficacy of pharmacologic intervention, exendin-4 was administered and showed a potent suppression of energy intake and weight gain in mice withdrawn from nicotine. Our current model provides a unique platform for the investigation of the changes of energy regulation after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushi Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aotani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Kuga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Tomoki Jinno
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kento Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Rei Hattori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Yagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Matsumura
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka, 583-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
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7
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Chen HJ, Huang WH, Chan HL, Hwang LC. Improvement in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors During Smoking Cessation Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1695-1702. [PMID: 33889004 PMCID: PMC8057786 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s303446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Smoking cessation reduces morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect during smoking cessation treatment on glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors, including blood pressure and lipid levels, in patients with type 2 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients with type 2 diabetes who participated in a smoking cessation program, which comprised health education and medication prescription at an outpatient clinic in combination with a 3-month follow-up by phone. Data on patient background characteristics, cardiometabolic factors, smoking status, body weight, and body mass index before and after the program were collected for analysis. RESULTS The analysis included 241 participants with an average age of 58.6 ± 10.6 years. The rate of successful cessation at three months was 34.0%. Compared with the baseline levels, there were significant decreases in the levels of fasting plasma glucose (10.0 ± 46.8 mg/dL, P = 0.001), HbA1c (0.3 ± 1.4%, P = 0.004), systolic blood pressure (4.6 ± 17.5 mmHg, P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (2.9 ± 11.3 mmHg, P < 0.001), and total cholesterol (7.9 ± 42.8 mg/dL, P = 0.020) after participation in the smoking cessation program while there was no significant difference in body weight (0.1 ± 1.2 kg, P = 0.444). After adjustment for covariates, the decreases in HbA1c and total cholesterol levels were significantly better in younger participants and higher baseline nicotine dependence scores were associated with decreases in the levels of blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. However, the decrease in smoking amount was not associated with the changes in cardiometabolic factors. CONCLUSION Participation in a smoking cessation program was associated with improvements in glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. The observed improvements were associated with participation in the program but not with the decrease in smoking amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ju Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lung Chan
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ching Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Lee-Ching Hwang Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan North Road, Taipei City, 10449, TaiwanTel +886 2 2543 3535 #2136Fax +886 2 2521 3847 Email
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8
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Takahashi A, Ohira T, Okazaki K, Yasumura S, Sakai A, Maeda M, Yabe H, Hosoya M, Ohtsuru A, Kawasaki Y, Shimabukuro M, Kazama J, Hashimoto S, Watanabe K, Nakano H, Hayashi F, Ohto H, Kamiya K, Ohira H. Effects of Psychological and Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: The Fukushima Health Management Survey. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 27:1010-1018. [PMID: 32009075 PMCID: PMC7508722 DOI: 10.5551/jat.52225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident dramatically changed the lifestyle of residents who lived near the plant. We evaluated the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with specific lifestyle- and disaster-related factors in residents following the accident. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 20,920 residents who underwent both the Comprehensive Health Check and the Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey from June 2011 to March 2012. Associations between MetS and lifestyle- and disaster-related factors, including psychological distress (post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]), were estimated using logistic regression analysis, adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors, in 2019. Results: MetS was present in 30.4% of men and 11.5% of women. There were significant differences in smoking, drinking status, and PTSD prevalence between subjects with and without MetS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, quitting smoking, and low physical activity were significantly associated with MetS. Moreover, PTSD and light to moderate drinking were also significantly associated with MetS in women. Conclusions: Lifestyle- and disaster-related factors, including PTSD, were associated with MetS among subjects who lived near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine.,Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Kanako Okazaki
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Seiji Yasumura
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Akira Sakai
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masaharu Maeda
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hirooki Yabe
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Mitsuaki Hosoya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Akira Ohtsuru
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yukihiko Kawasaki
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Junichiro Kazama
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | | | - Kazuyuki Watanabe
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hironori Nakano
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Fumikazu Hayashi
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey.,Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hitoshi Ohto
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey
| | - Kenji Kamiya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey
| | - Hiromasa Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
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Risk of new-onset metabolic syndrome associated with white-coat and masked hypertension: data from a general population. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1833-1839. [PMID: 29965885 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate e Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study, clinical and metabolic variables as well as office, home and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) values were simultaneously measured at baseline and after a 10-year follow-up. The study design allowed us to assess the value of selective and combined elevation of different BP phenotypes in predicting new-onset metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS The present analysis included 1182 participants without MetS at baseline, as defined by the APT III criteria. On the basis of office, 24-h ambulatory BP and home values, participants were divided into four groups: normal, white-coat hypertension (WCH), masked hypertension and sustained hypertension. RESULTS Compared with participants with in-office and out-of-office normal BP, a greater incidence of new-onset age-adjusted and sex-adjusted MetS was observed in WCH (OR = 1.75, CI 1.01-3.04, P = 0.0046), masked hypertension (OR = 2.58, CI 1.26-5.30; P = 0.009) and sustained hypertension (OR = 2.14, CI 1.20-3.79, P = 0.009)) when out-of-office BP was defined by ambulatory criteria. This was not the case when out-of-office BP was defined by home criteria, as only the WCH group showed a greater risk (OR 2.16, CI 1.28-3.63, P = 0.003). Similar findings were obtained for single components of the MetS such as abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that either isolated or combined BP elevations identified by office/ambulatory measurements, carry an increased risk of new-onset MetS, whereas, only WCH is associated with a greater risk of incident MetS whenever BP phenotypes are identified by office/home measurements. In a clinical perspective, a comprehensive evaluation of BP status based on office/ambulatory measurements may improve diagnosis of new-onset MetS and activate measures for its prevention.
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Weight change after smoking cessation and incident metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men: an observational study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3103. [PMID: 30816310 PMCID: PMC6395682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the effect of weight change attributable to cessation of cigarette smoking on newly diagnosed metabolic syndrome (MetS). We prospectively followed 5,809 men aged between 40 to 69 years without MetS at baseline in the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study up to 4 years. The participants were grouped into continual smokers, quitters with weight gain, quitters without weight change, quitters with weight loss, and never smokers. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, health status, and health conditions to estimate the odds of newly diagnosed MetS. During the follow-up, there were 609 cases of newly diagnosed MetS in 5,809 men of the HEXA-G study. After adjustment for potential confounders, the odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for MetS were 1.90 (95% CI: 1.43–2.52) in quitters with weight gain, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.60–1.00) in quitters without weight change, and 0.40 (95% CI: 0.28–0.57) in quitters with weight loss compared with continual smokers. Never smokers also had lower odds of MetS (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.42–0.71) compared to continual smokers. Weight management program following smoking cessation may be necessary in clinical practice to reduce worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors related to post-cessation weight gain.
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Nakamura K, Watanabe M, Okuda N, Yoshita K, Kabayama M, Torii S, Kuribayashi T, Itai K, Kamide K, Miura K, Okayama A. The Influence of the Japanese Nationwide Cardiovascular Prevention System Health Guidance on Smoking Cessation Among Smokers: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. J Atheroscler Thromb 2018; 25:323-334. [PMID: 29199202 PMCID: PMC5906185 DOI: 10.5551/jat.42051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We investigated whether 2 types of personalized health guidance (repeated and single counseling) in the Japanese nationwide cardiovascular prevention system promoted smoking cessation among smokers. Methods: The study included 47,745 Japanese smokers aged 40 to 74 years classified into 2 personalized health guidance schemes. After a 1-year follow-up, we compared the rates of smoking cessation between individuals who had received counseling (“supported”) and those who had not received counseling (“unsupported”). Using propensity score matching analysis, we estimated the average treatment effect (ATE) of each approach on smoking cessation after balancing out the characteristics between the supported and unsupported groups. The propensity score regression model included age, medical insurance type, weight gain since the age of 20 years, exercise, eating habits, alcohol intake, quality of sleep, readiness to modify lifestyle, willingness to receive support, and body mass index. Results: In the repeated counseling scheme, the age-adjusted rates of smoking cessation in the supported and unsupported groups were 8.8% and 6.3% for males, and 9.8% and 9.1% for females respectively. In the single counseling scheme, the corresponding rates were 8.4% and 7.3% for supported and unsupported males, and 11.0% and 11.7% for supported and unsupported females respectively. The ATE of repeated counseling was + 2.64% (95% confidence interval: + 1.51% to + 3.77%) for males and + 3.11% (−1.85% to +8.07%) for females. The ATE of single counseling was +0.61% (−1.17% to +2.38%) for males and −1.06% (−5.96% to +3.85%) for females. Conclusions: In the Japanese cardiovascular prevention system, repeated counseling may promote smoking cessation among male smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koshi Nakamura
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Nagako Okuda
- Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Human Art and Science
| | - Katsushi Yoshita
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Sayuki Torii
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | | | | | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science
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