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Li J, Hu H, Ren S, Yu L, Luo Y, Li J, Zeng T, Wang M, Wang C. Aphid alarm pheromone mimicry in transgenic Chrysanthemum morifolium: insights into the potential of ( E)-β-farnesene for aphid resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1373669. [PMID: 38711605 PMCID: PMC11070518 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1373669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
(E)-β-Farnesene (EBF) serves as the primary component of the alarm pheromone used by most aphid pest species. Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) exhibits tissue-specific regulation of EBF accumulation and release, effectively mimicking the aphid alarm signal, deterring aphid attacks while attracting aphid predators. However, cultivated chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), a popular and economically significant flower, is highly vulnerable to aphid infestations. In this study, we investigated the high expression of the pyrethrum EBF synthase (TcEbFS) gene promoter in the flower head and stem, particularly in the parenchyma cells. Subsequently, we introduced the TcEbFS gene, under the control of its native promoter, into cultivated chrysanthemum. This genetic modification led to increased EBF accumulation in the flower stem and young flower bud, which are the most susceptible tissues to aphid attacks. Analysis revealed that aphids feeding on transgenic chrysanthemum exhibited prolonged probing times and extended salivation durations during the phloem phase, indicating that EBF in the cortex cells hindered their host-location behavior. Interestingly, the heightened emission of EBF was only observed in transgenic chrysanthemum flowers after mechanical damage. Furthermore, we explored the potential of this transgenic chrysanthemum for aphid resistance by comparing the spatial distribution and storage of terpene volatiles in different organs and tissues of pyrethrum and chrysanthemum. This study provides valuable insights into future trials aiming for a more accurate replication of alarm pheromone release in plants. It highlights the complexities of utilizing EBF for aphid resistance in cultivated chrysanthemum and calls for further investigations to enhance our understanding of this defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengjing Ren
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tuo Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Manqun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Zhu L, Ding Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Dai L. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of CHS Gene Family Members in Chrysanthemum nankingense. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2145. [PMID: 36421820 PMCID: PMC9690667 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The chalcone synthase (CHS) gene family catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and plays key roles in various biological processes in plants. However, systematic studies of the CHS gene family in chrysanthemum remain unknown to date. In this study, 16 CnCHS genes were identified by searching the complete genome sequence of Chrysanthemum nankingense. Most contained two exons and one intron with Chal-sti-synt_N and Chal-sti-synt_C domains. A phylogenetic tree of CnCHSs indicated divergence into three major groups, including I, II, and III. Analyses of the genes and promoters of these genes indicated that there are many cis-acting elements that respond to light, phytohormones, stress, and developmental stages. The CnCHS genes have extensive patterns of expression in various tissues and stages of flower development. Tandemly repeated and segmental repeat genes were expressed at higher levels in different tissues than most of the CnCHS genes that have been identified. CnCHS10 is expressed at higher levels in various flower organs than in vegetative tissues, particularly in disc floret petals and pistils. Our study provides valuable information for the systematic analysis of the CnCHS gene family, which also contributes to further research on flavonoid synthesis and petal colors of chrysanthemum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuqing Ding
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shunxiang Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Comparative Analysis of Chemical Composition andAntibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of theEssential Oils from Chrysanthemum morifolium ofDifferent Flowering Stages and Different Parts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5954963. [PMID: 35707466 PMCID: PMC9192287 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5954963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The inflorescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., a well-known traditional Chinese herb, has been proved to have a certain inhibitory effect on some bacteria; however, its main components and acne bacteria inhibition effect remain to be elucidated. In this study, GC-MS was used to analyze the components of different flowering stages and different parts and to study the inhibitory effects of six essential oils on S. aureus and P. acnes and their alleviating effects on THP-1 cell inflammation. GC-MS combined with relative retention index method analyzed results stated that the 5 samples of C. morifolium to detect the 124 kinds of volatile components, including (E)-tibetin spiroether, are first detected in the volatile oil of the C. morifolium, and the content of (E)-tibetin spiroether is higher in immature inflorescence of C. morifolium and decreases as it extends its flowering period. Furthermore, the research results of inhibiting common acne-causing bacteria showed that the bacteriostatic effect of essential oils from JH at different flowering stages was better than that from JM and TJ, while the bacteriostatic effect of essential oil from stem and leaf of C. morifolium (SLC) at different parts was better than the roots of C. morifolium (RC). Finally, it was proved that the essential oil from SLC and C. morifolium could alleviate the inflammation of THP-1 cells induced by P. acnes. In conclusion, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of C. morifolium essential oil may be related to heterospiroolefins compounds, and the antibacterial activity decreases with the prolongation of flowering stage. It was suggested that volatile oil from C. morifolium and SLC could be used as effective components of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory cosmetics.
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Boonyuan W, Ahebwa A, Nararak J, Sathantriphop S, Chareonviriyaphap T. Enhanced Excito-Repellency of Binary Mixtures of Plant-Based Mosquito Repellents Against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), a Night Biting Mosquito Species. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:891-902. [PMID: 35094070 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficacies of essential oils (EOs) of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. (Poales: Poaceae) (VZ EO), Cananga odorata (Lam) Hook. F. & Thomson (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) (CO EO), and crude extract (CE) of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Wall ex. Nees (Lamiales: Acanthaceae) (AP CE), against laboratory (lab) and field strains of Culex quinquefasciatus Say were investigated. Irritant and repellent activities of individual and binary mixtures of plant extracts were compared with N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) using an excito-repellency system. The irritant activity (direct tarsal contact), the mean percent escape response of VZ EO (91.67%, 83.33%), and CO EO (80%, 88.33%) were not significantly different compared with DEET (88.33%, 95%) against lab and field strains, respectively. Similarly, irritant responses in combinations (1:1 and 1:2, v:v) of either VZ EO or CO EO with AP CE were not significantly different from DEET against both strains (P > 0.001). The repellent activity (no tarsal contact), the mean percent escape response of VZ EO (68.33%), CO EO (61.67%), and VZ EO+AP CE (1:1, v:v) (81.67%) against lab strain and CO EO (85%) against field strain were not significantly different from that of DEET (P > 0.001). Interestingly, the greatest contact irritancy of VZ EO+AP CE (1:1, v:v) (96.67%) (P = 0.0026) and a stronger repellency response of CO EO (85%) (P = 0.0055) produced significantly different patterns of escape response compared with DEET against both lab and field strains, respectively. The EOs of VZ EO and CO EO or their mixture with AP CE showed potential as plant-based active ingredients for mosquito repellents. In addition, the major chemical constituents of VZ EO were β-vetivone (6.4%), khusimol (2.96%), and α-vetivone (2.94%) by gas chromatograpy-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasana Boonyuan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alex Ahebwa
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirod Nararak
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunaiyana Sathantriphop
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Li Y, Liu XJ, Su SL, Yan H, Guo S, Qian DW, Duan JA. Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effectsof Chrysanthemum Stem and Leaf Extract on Zebrafish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Model. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072114. [PMID: 35408512 PMCID: PMC9000279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Present studies have shown that Flos Chrysanthemi has anti-inflammatory and other effects and regulates intestinal function, while the chrysanthemum stem and leaf as non-medicinal parts of chrysanthemum have similar chemical components with chrysanthemum, but the activity and mechanisms are rarely elucidated. Therefore, this study used a DSS-induced zebrafish inflammatory bowel disease model to study the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of chrysanthemum stem and leaf extracts. The results indicate that DSS induction leads to increased secretion of acidic mucin in the intestines of juvenile fish, enlargement of the intestinal lumen and the emergence of intestinal inflammation. Compared with the model group, each administration group differentially inhibited the expression of IL-1β, IL-8 and MMP9 in DSS-induced zebrafish, while upregulating the activity of superoxide dismutase. The quantitative analysis results showed that the flavonoids (including Linarin, Diosmetin-7-glucoside, Tilianin, etc.) and phenolic acids (including Isochlorogenic acid C, Isochlorogenic acid A, 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid, etc.) in the alcohol extract were closely related with both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, while the polysaccharides were also shown a certain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, this study suggests that the flavonoids, phenolic acids and polysaccharides from chrysanthemum stem and leaf extracts can improve inflammatory bowel disease of zebrafish by regulating the expressions of IL-1β, IL-8 and MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shu-Lan Su
- Correspondence: (S.-L.S.); (J.-A.D.); Tel.: +86-13809043258 (S.-L.S.)
| | | | | | | | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Correspondence: (S.-L.S.); (J.-A.D.); Tel.: +86-13809043258 (S.-L.S.)
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Evaluation of antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of Chrysanthemum fontanesii flowers and leaves extracts. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Salem GA, Alamyel FB, Abushaala FA, Hussain MS, Elnory KA, Abusheba H, Sahu RP. Evaluation of the hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antiepileptic activities of Chrysanthemum trifurcatum. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109123. [PMID: 31234026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysanthemum trifurcatum is common to Mediterranean countries and widely-used in traditional medicine. Due to the scarcity of data about the pharmacological properties of C. trifurcatum, this present study was designed to determine the effects of C. trifurcatumethanolic extract (CEE) for its anti-nociceptive, anti-epileptic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities in mice and rat models. We demonstrate that CEE contains alkaloids, carbohydrates, and flavonoids, and in a dose-dependent (300 and 500 mg/kg) manner exhibited significant reductions in paracetamol (PCM; 500 mg/kg)-induced increased serum AST, ALT and ALP levels, similar to as seen by silymarin (25 mg/kg). Additionally, CEE (300 mg/kg) elicited inhibition in acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes, delayed latency time to paw's licking in hot plate tests, exerted an anti-convulsant effect by prolonging the onset of clonic and tonic convulsions, and reduced pentylenetetrazole (PTZ; 80 mg/kg)-induced mortality. Moreover, CEE (500 mg/kg) exhibited a prominent reduction in carrageenan-induced paw edema. These studies indicate that CEE possesses profound central and peripheral analgesic, anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, P.O. Box 44511, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misurata University, Misurata, P.O. Box 2478, Libya.
| | - Fathi B Alamyel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misurata University, Misurata, P.O. Box 2478, Libya
| | - Faraj A Abushaala
- Department of Micobiology, Faculty of Science, Misurata University, P.O. Box 2478, Libya
| | - Md Sarfaraj Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Khloud A Elnory
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misurata University, Misurata, P.O. Box 2478, Libya
| | - Hawa Abusheba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misurata University, Misurata, P.O. Box 2478, Libya
| | - Ravi P Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45345, USA.
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Nie J, Xiao L, Zheng L, Du Z, Liu D, Zhou J, Xiang J, Hou J, Wang X, Fang J. An integration of UPLC-DAD/ESI-Q-TOF MS, GC-MS, and PCA analysis for quality evaluation and identification of cultivars of Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua). PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 59:152803. [PMID: 31005811 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chrysanthemi Flos (CF), as a popular traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has five main cultivars in China, namely "Chuju", "Boju", "Gongju", "Huaiju" and "Hangju". Due to their habitats and processing methods, great quality variations occur yet no systematical study has ever been carried out to evaluate such variations. PURPOSE In this study, we aim to establish a new approach that can serve both as a quality control method and as an identification method for cultivars of CF. METHOD The components in CF samples were identified by a combination of UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS and GC/MS. Furthermore, a multimodal quantitative method was established by UPLC-UV coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and the similarity evaluation system (SES), which was used to control and identify four cultivars of CF. RESULTS 18 compounds of flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids were identified and ten of them were quantified using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. Different cultivars of CF could be clearly distinguished with the fingerprints evaluation and principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 74 volatile compounds were detected by GC/MS. The distinctness of volatile components was observed. By the combination of UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS and GC/MS, an identification and quality control method for CF was successfully established. CONCLUSION The combination of UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS and GC/MS could act as a comprehensive multimodal method for both identification and quality control of herbal medicines. This study provided new insights into the overall evaluation method for herbal medicines possessing different cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Hubei Institute for Food and Drug Control, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Hubei Institute for Food and Drug Control, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Lamei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhifeng Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiewen Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Junjie Hou
- Hubei Institute for Food and Drug Control, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jinbo Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Chiboub W, Sassi AB, Amina CM, Souilem F, El Ayeb A, Djlassi B, Ascrizzi R, Flamini G, Harzallah-Skhiri F. Valorization of the Green Waste from Two Varieties of Fennel and Carrot Cultivated in Tunisia by Identification of the Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activities of Their Essentials Oils. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1800546. [PMID: 30632261 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of the essential oils (EOs) extracted from the green tops of Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang. plants producing yellow roots (DcsYR) and those producing orange roots (DcsOR) and from two varieties of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. vulgare cultivated in Tunisia. Analyses revealed that the EOs from the two D. carota varieties were rich in constituents belonging to sesquiterpenes. Phenylpropanoids and non-terpene derivatives were the most abundant classes of compounds in the EOs from the two varieties of F. vulgare, of which compositions were predominated by (E)-anethole and p-acetonylanisole. All the tested EOs were significantly more effective against Gram-negative bacteria, and that obtained from var. azoricum was more active against the yeast Candida albicans than the reference drug. The EOs obtained from these by-products showed indeed interesting potential to be promoted as natural antimicrobials in food preservation systems, as well as the possibility to be used in flavor industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Chiboub
- Laboratory of Bio-resources: Integrative Biology and Valorization (LR14-ES06), High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haddad Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Ben Sassi
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne avenue, Monastir, 5019, Tunisia
| | - Cheikh M'hamed Amina
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-resources, Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haddad Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Fedia Souilem
- Laboratory of Bio-resources: Integrative Biology and Valorization (LR14-ES06), High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haddad Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Asma El Ayeb
- Laboratory of Bio-resources: Integrative Biology and Valorization (LR14-ES06), High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haddad Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Brahim Djlassi
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne avenue, Monastir, 5019, Tunisia
| | - Roberta Ascrizzi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, IT-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, IT-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fethia Harzallah-Skhiri
- Laboratory of Bio-resources: Integrative Biology and Valorization (LR14-ES06), High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haddad Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
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Olfactory Impact of Terpene Alcohol on Terpenes Aroma Expression in Chrysanthemum Essential Oils. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112803. [PMID: 30380636 PMCID: PMC6278414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The key point of our work was evaluating the impact of terpene alcohols on the aroma expression of terpenes recombination in Chrysanthemum essential oils. Using pure commercial products, various aromatic recombinations were prepared, consisting of terpenes recombination and six terpene alcohols, all the concentrations found in Chrysanthemum essential oils. There were five groups of terpene alcohols mixtures performed very interesting with the addition or omission tests. The “olfactory threshold” of the terpenes recombination had a notable decrease when adding isoborneol, d-Fenchyl alcohol respectively through the Feller’s additive model analysis. Furthermore, the descriptive test indicated that the addition of terpene alcohols mixture had the different effect on fruity, floral, woody, green, and herbal aroma intensity. Specifically, when isoborneol was added to the terpenes recombination in squalane solution, it was revealed that isoborneol had a synergy impact on herbal and green notes of the terpenes recombination and masked the fruity note.
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Shen Z, Shao J, Dai J, Lin Y, Yang X, Ma J, He Q, Yang B, Yao K, Luo P. Diosmetin protects against retinal injury via reduction of DNA damage and oxidative stress. Toxicol Rep 2015; 3:78-86. [PMID: 28959525 PMCID: PMC5615423 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual impairment is a global public health problem that needs new candidate drugs. Chrysanthemum is a traditional Chinese drug, famous for its eye-protective function, with an unclear mechanism of action. To determine how chrysanthemum contributes to vision, we identified, for the first time, the component of chrysanthemum, diosmetin (DIO), which acts in protecting the injured retina in an adriamycin (ADR) improving model. We observed that DIO could attenuate the apoptosis of retinal cells in Sprague–Dawley rats and verified this effect in cultured human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, ARPE-19. Our further study on the mechanism revealed the counteractive effect of DIO on the attenuation of DNA damage and oxidative stress, which occurs in a wide range of retinal disorders. These results collectively promise the potential value of DIO as a retinal-protective agent for disorders that lead to blindness. In addition, we identified, for the first time, the component of chrysanthemum, DIO, which acts in protecting the injured retina.
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Key Words
- ADR, adriamycin
- AMD, age-related macular degeneration
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Apoptosis
- CNV, choroidal neovascularisation
- Chrysanthemum
- DIO, diosmetin
- DNA damage
- Diosmetin
- Diosmetin (PubChem CID5281612)
- Doxorubicin (PubChem CID31703)
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- IC50, inhibition for 50% of the cells
- IVI, intravitreal injection
- Oxidative stress
- PVR, proliferative vitreoretinopathy
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RPE, retinal pigment epithelium
- Retinal injury
- Retinal pigment epithelium
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Shen
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Shao
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiabin Dai
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ma
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Cho Y, Lee HJ. Antibacterial effects of carvacrol against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7. J Biomed Res 2014. [DOI: 10.12729/jbr.2014.15.3.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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