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Mehvari F, Imanparast F, Mohaghegh P, Alimoradian A, Khansari N, Ansari Asl B, Khosrowbeygi A. Protective effects of paraoxonase-1, vitamin E and selenium, and oxidative stress index on the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidation in diabetic patients with/without coronary artery disease. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:300. [PMID: 37635255 PMCID: PMC10464334 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is closely associated with an increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between serum vitamin E and selenium, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxidative stress index (OSI) values with the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification and the possibility of CAD in diabetic patients. METHOD This study was designed as a case control survey of 82 diabetes patients divided into two groups including T2DM alone (as group I) and both T2DM and CAD (as group II). Fasting blood samples were taken to the assay of fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), TAC, TOS, MDA, OSI, vitamin E, selenium, oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL), and activity of PON1. RESULTS Ox-LDL, MDA, TOS, and OSI values in groups II were significantly higher compared with group I (all with P value = 0.000). TAC, vitamin E, selenium, and PON1 activity values were significantly lower in group II compared with groups I (P value = 0.000; P value = 0.000; P value = 0.007; P value = 0.003, respectively). There were significant relationships between the amounts of TAC, TOS, OSI, and vitamin E with the amounts of PON1 activity and Ox-LDL (p < 0.05). But Ox-LDL and PON1 activity correlated weakly with together (p = 0.094). CONCLUSION Results of this study support the belief that oxidative stress might be an important etiologic factor which makes some diabetics more susceptible to CAD. Increased oxidative stress may be a potential therapeutic target in the prevention and management of CAD in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mehvari
- Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Imanparast
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Pegah Mohaghegh
- Depertment of community medicine school of medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Abbas Alimoradian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Khansari
- A Food and Drug Deputy, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Ali Khosrowbeygi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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The inhibitory effect of Phα1β toxin on diabetic neuropathic pain involves the CXCR4 chemokine receptor. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:47-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Fakharzadeh S, Kalanaky S, Hafizi M, Nazaran MH, Zardooz H. DIBc, a nanochelating-based nano metal-organic framework, shows anti-diabetic effects in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2145-2156. [PMID: 30988614 PMCID: PMC6443220 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s196050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Despite daily increase in diabetic patients in the world, currently approved medications for this disease, at best, only reduce its progression speed. Using novel technologies is a solution for synthetizing more efficient medicines. In the present study, we evaluated anti-diabetic effects of DIBc, a nano metal–organic framework, which is synthetized based on nanochelating technology. Methods High-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated by DIBc or metformin for 6 weeks. Results DIBc decreased plasma glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein compared with diabetic and metformin groups. In DIBc-treated rats, significant homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-α decrease was observed. H&E staining showed increased islet number and area in DIBc-treated rats compared with diabetic controls. Conclusion The results showed anti-diabetic effects of nanochelating-based framework. So DIBc, as a nano structure, has the capacity to be evaluated in future studies as a novel anti-diabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saideh Fakharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, .,Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran, .,Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Somayeh Kalanaky
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Maryam Hafizi
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran,
| | | | - Homeira Zardooz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, .,Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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Effects of selenium supplementation on paraoxonase-1 and myeloperoxidase activity in subjects with cardiovascular disease: the Selenegene study, a double-blind randomized controlled trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e112-e118. [PMID: 30775600 PMCID: PMC6374566 DOI: 10.5114/amsad.2018.77820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction We previously highlighted the potential link between supplementation with selenium, as an antioxidant trace element, and changes in the levels of paraoxonase (POX1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as an antioxidant enzyme, in patients with documented cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of selenium supplementation on POX1 and MPO activity in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Material and methods A total of 160 eligible patients were enrolled in the study. After performing some laboratory tests, including the measurement of blood selenium, triglyceride, cholesterol, and low- and high-density lipoprotein levels, the patients received 200 mg tablets of either selenium yeast or placebo. The medicines were taken orally, once daily after a meal for 60 days. Four weeks after the initial visit, the patients were invited for a follow-up visit, and interviews and non-laboratory evaluations, similar to those performed at baseline, were repeated. Compliance of patients for using selenium and placebo was measured by telephone. Medication compliance rates were monitored by telephone. The final assessments were conducted eight weeks after the beginning of the study. Results There was no significant difference in cholesterol levels between intervention and control groups (p = 0.87). No significant changes in selenium levels were observed in either the selenium or the placebo group after the intervention (p = 0.44 and p = 0.48, respectively). The two groups had a significant difference in terms of POX1 level (p = 0.039). No such difference was present in the case of MPO levels. Moreover, comparison of the values before and after the intervention showed no significant differences in the mean levels of any of the measured parameters. Conclusions According to the obtained results, the increased POX1 levels after selenium supplementation could be attributed to the positive effect of selenium on inhibiting lipid peroxidation as part of the complicated pathophysiology of CVD.
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Huang JQ, Zhou JC, Wu YY, Ren FZ, Lei XG. Role of glutathione peroxidase 1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:108-115. [PMID: 29800654 PMCID: PMC6168395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a selenium-dependent enzyme that reduces intracellular hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides. While past research explored regulations of gene expression and biochemical function of this selenoperoxidase, GPX1 has recently been implicated in the onset and development of chronic diseases. Clinical data have shown associations of human GPX1 gene variants with elevated risks of diabetes. Knockout and overexpression of Gpx1 in mice may induce types 1 and 2 diabetes-like phenotypes, respectively. This review assembles the latest advances in this new field of selenium biology, and attempts to postulate signal and molecular mechanisms mediating the role of GPX1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases. Potential therapies by harnessing the beneficial effects of this ubiquitous redox-modulating enzyme are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518100, China; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Cheraghi M, Shahsavari G, Maleki A, Ahmadvand H. Paraoxonase 1 Activity, Lipid Profile, and Atherogenic Indexes Status in Coronary Heart Disease. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 6:1-7. [PMID: 29090223 PMCID: PMC5643455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia is considered an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). In the present study, we examined lipid profiles and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and atherogenic indexes status and the relationship of PON1 activity by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherogenic indexes in CHD patients and healthy people. METHODS The aim of the study was to compare PON1, lipid profiles, and atherogenic indexes in CHD patients and healthy people as controls. This study enrolled 50 CHD patients and 50 matched healthy controls. Serum activities of PON1 and levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and atherogenic indexes were analyzed. Data were analyzed by unpaired Student's t tests. Coefficients of correlation were calculated using Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS Levels of TG, TC, LDL, VLDL, FBG, and atherogenic indexes, atherogenic coefficients, and cardiac risk ratios were significantly greater in CHD patients than in controls. Paraoxonase 1 activity and HDL-C levels were significantly less in CHD patients than in controls. Also, PON1 activity correlated positively with HDLC and negatively with atherogenic coefficient, and cardiac risk ratios 1 and 2 in CHD patients. CONCLUSION This study showed that CHD is associated with high lipid levels and atherogenic indexes, and low PON1 activity and HDL-C concentrations. Coronary heart disease is a pernicious disease requiring prolonged medical management and hypolipidemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Cheraghi
- Department of Cardiology, Madani Heart Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Shahsavari
- Razi Herbal Researches Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Department of Cardiology, Madani Heart Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hassan Ahmadvand
- Razi Herbal Researches Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Aghadavod E, Mollaei H, Nouri M, Hamishehkar H. Evaluation of Relationship between Body Mass Index with Vitamin D Receptor Gene Expression and Vitamin D Levels of Follicular Fluid in Overweight Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2017; 11:105-111. [PMID: 28670428 PMCID: PMC5347447 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2017.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder associated with reproductive disorders and metabolic dysfunctions including insulin resistance. The roles of vitamin D in the regulation of metabolic modulations specifically involving insulin and reproduction processing are introduced. In addition, obesity appears to be closely associated with severity of PCOS. The present study is to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on vitamin D levels in follicular fluid and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression levels in granulos cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comparative study was conducted on 80 women with average age of 20-35 years referred for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Patients were divided into four groups, and serum levels of testosterone and insulin resistance (IR) were evaluated at the puncture time. Also, vitamin D levels of follicular fluid were evaluated. VDR gene expression was assayed by quantified-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Correlations were evaluated with calculation of the Spearman coefficient, and also independent relationships were assessed by means of multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Vitamin D levels of follicular fluid decreased in PCOS patients compared with non-PCOS. Also, over-weight individuals had lower vitamin D levels compared with normal-weight patients. Vitamin D levels of follicular fluid were highly correlated with BMI (r=-0.51, P<0.01). Homeostatic model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) values were significantly higher in women of PCOS/overweight and PCOS/normal weight in comparison with women of non-PCOS/normal weight (P<0.01). The gene expression data of VDR in granulosa cells were significantly lower in the PCOS/overweight group compared with the non-PCOS/normal weight (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The findings indicated significant differences in VDR gene expression in granulosa cells and vitamin D of follicular fluid in PCOS/overweight patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Aghadavod
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Mollaei
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Women Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Juszczuk-Kubiak E, Bujko K, Cymer M, Wicińska K, Gabryszuk M, Pierzchała M. Effect of Inorganic Dietary Selenium Supplementation on Selenoprotein and Lipid Metabolism Gene Expression Patterns in Liver and Loin Muscle of Growing Lambs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 172:336-345. [PMID: 26701332 PMCID: PMC4930946 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Effect of selenium (Se) supplementation on the selenoprotein and lipid metabolism gene expression patterns in ruminants, especially in lambs is not yet fully understood. The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression patterns of selected selenoproteins and genes related to lipid metabolism in growing lambs. The experiment was conducted on 48 Polish Merino lambs divided into two groups (n = 24): control (C)-lambs fed with a basal diet (BD) with no Se supplementation, and supplemented (S)-lambs fed with a BD, supplemented with 0.5 mg Se/kg as sodium selenate for 8 weeks. Expression of 12 selenoproteins and six genes related to lipid metabolism was analyzed in the liver and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of growing lambs by qPCR. Significant differences were found in the expression of GPX1, GPX2, SEPM, SEPW1, SEP15, SEPGS2, and TXNRD1 in the liver, and GPX1, SEPP1, SEPN1, SEPW1, SEP15, and MSRB1 in the LD muscle between S and C lambs. Se supplementation mainly upregulated SEPW1, SEP15 (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) mRNA expression in the liver, and GPX1, SEPP1, SEPN1, SEPW1 (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) in the muscle of S group. On the other hand, significant decrease in GPX2 (P < 0.01), SEPM (P < 0.001), and SEPHS2 (P < 0.01) mRNA expression levels were observed in the liver of S group of lambs. Se supplementation did not affect PON1, LXRα, and PPARα mRNA expression levels, but a significant increase in mRNA levels of APOE and LPL in the LD muscle (P < 0.05) as well as LPL (P < 0.05) in the liver were noticed in the group of Se supplemented lambs. Our study confirmed that, in lambs, similarly to other species, mRNA expression patterns of several selenoproteins highly depend on dietary Se levels, and their expression is ruled by hierarchical principles and tissue-specific mechanisms. Moreover, the study showed that changes Se intake leads to different levels of genes expression related with lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland.
| | - Kamila Bujko
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Monika Cymer
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Krystyna Wicińska
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Mirosław Gabryszuk
- Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pierzchała
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
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Effect of Sodium Selenite on Lipid Peroxidation and Glutathione in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5812/zjrms.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Badavi M, Sadeghi N, Dianat M, Samarbafzadeh A. Effects of gallic Acid and cyclosporine a on antioxidant capacity and cardiac markers of rat isolated heart after ischemia/reperfusion. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e16424. [PMID: 25068044 PMCID: PMC4102977 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction is one of the important causes of death during old ages. Gallic acid as an antioxidant or cyclosporine A (CsA) as inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) alone could prevent these complications to some extent, but their combination effect has not been investigated. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the combined effect of gallic acid and CsA on antioxidant capacity of isolated heart tissues during ischemia reperfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS EIGHTY MALE WISTAR RATS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO DIFFERENT GROUPS: sham, control (Ca, received saline, 1 mL/kg); 3 groups were pretreated with gallic acid (G1a: 7.5, G2a: 15, G3a: 30 mg/kg) for 10 days, and the other 3 groups were pretreated with gallic acid and received CsA (0.2 µM) for 10 minutes before induction of ischemia and during the first 10 minutes of reperfusion (G1b, G2b and G3b) and the last group received CsA alone (Cb). After 10 days of pretreatment, the heart was isolated and transferred to the Langendorff apparatus and exposed to 30 minutes ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. After that cardiac markers and antioxidant enzymes were assessed in cardiac tissues. RESULTS Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in animals pretreated with gallic acid significantly. However, pretreatment with gallic acid followed by CsA during reperfusion improved the antioxidant capacity and cardiac marker enzymes and restored the lipid peroxidation more effective than gallic acid or CsA alone. Nevertheless, CsA did not change the cardiac marker enzymes significantly. CONCLUSIONS Gallic acid and CsA combination improved antioxidant capacity and cell membrane integrity more than each one alone. Therefore, it can be a therapeutic approach to reduce the I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badavi
- Physiology Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Najmeh Sadeghi
- Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Najmeh Sadeghi, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9177391953, E-mail:
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Alireza Samarbafzadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
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Proton-coupled electron-transfer mechanism for the radical scavenging activity of cardiovascular drug dipyridamole. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39660. [PMID: 22745807 PMCID: PMC3382134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dipyridamole (DIP) is a well-known pharmaceutical drug used as a coronary vasodilator and anti-platelet agent in clinics for treating several cardiovascular diseases. Primarily, the therapeutic effects of the drug are attributed to its antioxidant potency. In this research, we aim to declare the unknown antioxidant mechanism of DIP as well as its potent chain-breaking antioxidant activity in polar aqueous medium inside the cells, using different experimental methods and theoretical quantum calculations. Data demonstrated the higher antioxidant capacity of DIP against ROS and free radicals in polar cell's interior. DIP is capable of generating long living and noninvasive DIP• radicals in oxidant condition that leads to an effective “chain-breaking antioxidant” activity. Quantum computational data indicated that DIP antioxidant has more favorable ionization potential than trolox which means DIP has higher antioxidant activity. Also, data showed that the direct hydrogen-transfer is not a favorable process to construct DIP• because of high barrier energy, though electron-transfer process can more easily to produce DIP•+ with the lowest barrier energy. Altogether, the electron donating potency of DIP to reduce ferric ion, having the low anodic oxidation peak potential, producing long lived stable DIP• radicals and protecting myoblast cells from oxidation, proposed the excellent “chain-breaking antioxidant” potency via electron-transfer mechanism of this vasodilator DIP drug in polar aqueous medium.
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