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Sorokin AA, Pekov SI, Zavorotnyuk DS, Shamraeva MM, Bormotov DS, Popov IA. Modern machine-learning applications in ambient ionization mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38671553 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of methods of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS). AIMS has emerged as a powerful analytical tool in recent years, allowing for rapid and sensitive analysis of various samples without the need for extensive sample preparation. The integration of ML/AI algorithms with AIMS has further expanded its capabilities, enabling enhanced data analysis. This review discusses ML/AI algorithms applicable to the AIMS data and highlights the key advancements and potential benefits of utilizing ML/AI in the field of mass spectrometry, with a focus on the AIMS community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A Sorokin
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Diagnostics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Stanislav I Pekov
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department for Molecular and Biological Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Denis S Zavorotnyuk
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Diagnostics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Mariya M Shamraeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Diagnostics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Denis S Bormotov
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Diagnostics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Igor A Popov
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Diagnostics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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2
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Luo W, van Beek TA, Chen B, Zuilhof H, Salentijn GI. Bifunctional Ti 4+-modified paper for selective extraction or removal of phospholipids and paper spray mass spectrometry for bioanalysis in urine and plasma. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341673. [PMID: 37709425 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipids (PLs) are major constituents of cell membranes, play important roles in cell proliferation and death, as well as in signal transduction, and therefore are relevant biomarkers for different pathologies. On the other hand, when the analysis of small compounds, such as therapeutics in blood is desired, then phospholipids are part of the matrix and cause serious interference during analysis. Currently, both the analysis and removal of PLs from biological samples are limited by extensive sample preparation and instrumental separation. RESULTS A fast and simple quantitative Ti4+-modified paper spray tandem mass spectrometric (TiPS-MS/MS) method was established in urine, where the enrichment of phospholipids was achieved, as well as reduction of matrix effects (primarily caused by high salt content) that ultimately led to improved sensitivity and selectivity. The method could achieve a physiologically relevant limit of detection (0.01-0.03 μg mL-1). Also, the usefulness of the Ti4+-modified paper was investigated in the opposite mode, namely for the selective removal of phospholipids from matrices such as plasma. Clonidine is used as model compound, as the detection of this compound is known to suffer from ion suppression by phospholipids. Compared with blank paper spray tandem mass spectrometry, the limit of detection could be improved from 0.3 μg mL-1 to 0.03 μg mL-1 by employing a Ti4+-modified paper on top of the spray tip to capture phospholipids from the sample. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY A novel Ti4+-modified paper was developed to allow for rapid solid-phase extraction of phospholipids from urine or selective removal from plasma, followed by direct paper spray mass spectrometric detection as a fast and convenient sample preparation and analysis combination. The paper properties are based on the Ti4+ metal ion, which can selectively bind phosphate-containing compounds under acidic conditions, and its applicability was demonstrated in relevant biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6708, WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Teris A van Beek
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6708, WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6708, WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Gert Ij Salentijn
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6708, WE Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University & Research, 6700, AE Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Muggli TM, Schürch S. Analysis of Pesticide Residues on Fruit Using Swab Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:6611. [PMID: 37764387 PMCID: PMC10537605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast quantity and high variety of pesticides globally used in agriculture entails considerable risks for the environment and requires ensuring the safety of food products. Therefore, powerful analytical tools are needed to acquire qualitative and quantitative data for monitoring pesticide residues. The development of ambient ionization mass spectrometry methods in the past two decades has demonstrated numerous ways to generate ions under atmospheric conditions and simultaneously to reduce the need for extended sample preparation and circumvent chromatographic separation prior to mass analysis. Swab spray ionization enables the generation of ions directly from swabs via the application of high voltage and solvent flow. In this study, swab sampling of fruit surfaces and subsequent ionization directly from the swab in a modified electrospray ion source was employed for the screening and quantitation of pesticide residues. Aspects regarding sample collection, sampling efficacy on different surfaces, and swab background are discussed. The effect of solvent composition on pesticide-sodium adduct formation and the suppression of ionization by the background matrix have been investigated. Furthermore, a novel approach for the quantitation of pesticide residues based on depletion curve areas is presented. It is demonstrated that swab spray ionization is an effective and quick method for spectral library-based identification and the quantitative analysis of polar contact pesticide residues on food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Schürch
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
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Mathias S, Burns D, Hambidge T, McCullough BJ, Hopley CJ, Douce D, Sage A, Sears P. Assessment of atmospheric solids analysis probe as a tool for the rapid determination of drug purity. Drug Test Anal 2023. [PMID: 37621075 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The ability to determine the purity (% controlled compound) of drug-of-abuse samples is necessary for public health and law enforcement. Here, we describe the assessment of atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) for the rapid determination of drug purity for a set of formulated pharmaceuticals, chosen due to their availability, uncontrolled status and consistency. Paracetamol and loratadine were used as models of high and low purity compounds being ~90% and ~10% active ingredient, respectively. Individual tablets were ground up and diluted in an internal standard solution. The resulting samples were analysed by ASAP coupled to a Waters QDa mass spectrometer followed by confirmatory testing by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The inclusion of a non-matched internal standard (quinine) improved linearity and repeatability of drug analysis by ASAP-MS. Levels of drug purity using formulated pharmaceutical tablets were found to be highly comparable with results produced by the 'gold standard' LC-MS/MS technique. Rapid determination of drug purity is therefore possible with ASAP-MS for highly concentrated samples with minimal sample preparation. It may be possible to use this deployable system to determine drug purity outside of a laboratory setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mathias
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Daniel Burns
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC, Teddington, UK
| | | | - Bryan J McCullough
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC, Teddington, UK
- Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Patrick Sears
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Alfaifi A, Refai MY, Alsaadi M, Bahashwan S, Malhan H, Al-Kahiry W, Dammag E, Ageel A, Mahzary A, Albiheyri R, Almehdar H, Qadri I. Metabolomics: A New Era in the Diagnosis or Prognosis of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050861. [PMID: 36900005 PMCID: PMC10000528 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide range of histological as well as clinical properties are exhibited by B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. These properties could make the diagnostics process complicated. The diagnosis of lymphomas at an initial stage is essential because early remedial actions taken against destructive subtypes are commonly deliberated as successful and restorative. Therefore, better protective action is needed to improve the condition of those patients who are extensively affected by cancer when diagnosed for the first time. The development of new and efficient methods for early detection of cancer has become crucial nowadays. Biomarkers are urgently needed for diagnosing B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and assessing the severity of the disease and its prognosis. New possibilities are now open for diagnosing cancer with the help of metabolomics. The study of all the metabolites synthesised in the human body is called "metabolomics." A patient's phenotype is directly linked with metabolomics, which can help in providing some clinically beneficial biomarkers and is applied in the diagnostics of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In cancer research, it can analyse the cancerous metabolome to identify the metabolic biomarkers. This review provides an understanding of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma metabolism and its applications in medical diagnostics. A description of the workflow based on metabolomics is also provided, along with the benefits and drawbacks of various techniques. The use of predictive metabolic biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is also explored. Thus, we can say that abnormalities related to metabolic processes can occur in a vast range of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The metabolic biomarkers could only be discovered and identified as innovative therapeutic objects if we explored and researched them. In the near future, the innovations involving metabolomics could prove fruitful for predicting outcomes and bringing out novel remedial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alfaifi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Fayfa General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 83581, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y. Refai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsaadi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Bahashwan
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Malhan
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waiel Al-Kahiry
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Dammag
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ageel Ageel
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjed Mahzary
- Eradah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Albiheyri
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Almehdar
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishtiaq Qadri
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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Characterization of ginsenoside structural isomers from mixtures using in situ methylation with direct analysis in real-time ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:887-897. [PMID: 36571591 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of structural isomers of bioactive molecules is important for recognizing their functions, but it has been challenging due to their highly similar structures. As the main bioactive constituents of Panax ginseng, ginsenosides have different structural isomers attributed to the aglycone structure and glycosylation sites as well as stereochemistry of sugar groups attached. This work demonstrated a simple and robust in situ methylation reaction with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) using ambient ionization source of direct analysis in real time (DART) to characterize saponin structural isomers. The DART ion source provides favorable conditions to methylate hydroxyl groups of ginsenoside instantaneously with TMAH, and it can ionize the methylated products at the same time. Methylated ginsenoside stereoisomers even with subtle structure differences generated very different mass signals from full-scan MS and tandem MS. High-resolution mass spectrometry aided the assignment of molecular structures of the various precursor and fragment ions from different ginsenosides, which provided structural information for both the aglycone skeleton and the sugar moieties in ginsenosides. The presented method was successfully used for the identification of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng, and saponin isomers were characterized without the need for chromatographic separation and/or tedious offline sample pretreatment.
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Ren R, Yuan M, Li H, Chen DDY. Direct Identification of Disaccharide Structural Isomers Using Ambient Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry with In Situ Methylation. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2213-2220. [PMID: 36635092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play critically important roles in energy supply and biological functions in living systems. However, it has been a great challenge to identify saccharides and distinguish their isomers because they have highly similar structures and many possible positions for glycosidic linkages. In this work, an ambient ionization tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to characterize disaccharide structural isomers with in situ methylation. The direct analysis in real time ion source can be used to facilitate the methylation reaction of disaccharides with tetramethylammonium hydroxide. The hydroxyl groups of disaccharides can be methylated instantaneously, and the products can be ionized at the same time. The methylated product ions from full scan mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS can be used to distinguish a variety of disaccharide structural isomers with different glycosidic linkages, compositions, and configurations. Characteristic marker ions were discovered, and they can be used for the assignment of linkage type and identification of specific isomeric forms. The method was used for the direct identification of disaccharide isomers from real commercial products such as honey, wine, and milk without complex sample pretreatment or chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfan Ren
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Minghui Yuan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - David Da Yong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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8
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Shapley Value as a Quality Control for Mass Spectra of Human Glioblastoma Tissues. DATA 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/data8010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The automatic processing of high-dimensional mass spectrometry data is required for the clinical implementation of ambient ionization molecular profiling methods. However, complex algorithms required for the analysis of peak-rich spectra are sensitive to the quality of the input data. Therefore, an objective and quantitative indicator, insensitive to the conditions of the experiment, is currently in high demand for the automated treatment of mass spectrometric data. In this work, we demonstrate the utility of the Shapley value as an indicator of the quality of the individual mass spectrum in the classification task for human brain tumor tissue discrimination. The Shapley values are calculated on the training set of glioblastoma and nontumor pathological tissues spectra and used as feedback to create a random forest regression model to estimate the contributions for all spectra of each specimen. As a result, it is shown that the implementation of Shapley values significantly accelerates the data analysis of negative mode mass spectrometry data alongside simultaneous improving the regression models’ accuracy.
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9
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Luo W, van Beek TA, Chen B, Zuilhof H, Salentijn GIJ. Boronate affinity paper spray mass spectrometry for determination of elevated levels of catecholamines in urine. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1235:340508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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10
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Plekhova V, Van Meulebroek L, De Graeve M, Perdones-Montero A, De Spiegeleer M, De Paepe E, Van de Walle E, Takats Z, Cameron SJS, Vanhaecke L. Rapid ex vivo molecular fingerprinting of biofluids using laser-assisted rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:4327-4354. [PMID: 34341579 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Of the many metabolites involved in any clinical condition, only a narrow range of biomarkers is currently being used in the clinical setting. A key to personalized medicine would be to extend this range. Metabolic fingerprinting provides a more comprehensive insight, but many methods used for metabolomics analysis are too complex and time-consuming to be diagnostically useful. Here, a rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) system for direct ex vivo real-time analysis of biofluids with minor sample pretreatment is detailed. The REIMS can be linked to various laser wavelength systems (such as optical parametric oscillator or CO2 laser) and with automation for high-throughput analysis. Laser-induced sample evaporation occurs within seconds through radiative heating with the plume guided to the MS instrument. The presented procedure includes (i) laser setup with automation, (ii) analysis of biofluids (blood/urine/stool/saliva/sputum/breast milk) and (iii) data analysis. We provide the optimal settings for biofluid analysis and quality control, enabling sensitive, precise and robust analysis. Using the automated setup, 96 samples can be analyzed in ~35-40 min per ionization mode, with no intervention required. Metabolic fingerprints are made up of 2,000-4,000 features, for which relative quantification can be achieved at high repeatability when total ion current normalization is applied. With saliva and feces as example matrices, >70% of features had a coefficient of variance ≤30%. However, to achieve acceptable long-term reproducibility, additional normalizations by, e.g., LOESS are recommended, especially for positive ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Plekhova
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.,ProDigest BV, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Marilyn De Graeve
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ellen De Paepe
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Emma Van de Walle
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Zoltan Takats
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simon J S Cameron
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium. .,School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Ding X, Liu K, Shi Z. LASER DESORPTION/ABLATION POSTIONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: RECENT PROGRESS IN BIOANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:566-605. [PMID: 32770707 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lasers have long been used in the field of mass spectrometric analysis for characterization of condensed matter. However, emission of neutrals upon laser irradiation surpasses the number of ions. Typically, only one in about one million analytes ejected by laser desorption/ablation is ionized, which has fueled the quest for postionization methods enabling ionization of desorbed neutrals to enhance mass spectrometric detection schemes. The development of postionization techniques can be an endeavor that integrates multiple disciplines involving photon energy transfer, electrochemistry, gas discharge, etc. The combination of lasers of different parameters and diverse ion sources has made laser desorption/ablation postionization (LD/API) a growing and lively research community, including two-step laser mass spectrometry, laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry, and those coupled to ambient mass spectrometry. These hyphenated techniques have shown potentials in bioanalytical applications, with major inroads to be made in simultaneous location and quantification of pharmaceuticals, toxins, and metabolites in complex biomatrixes. This review is intended to provide a timely comprehensive view of the broadening bioanalytical applications of disparate LD/API techniques. We also have attempted to discuss these applications according to the classifications based on the postionization methods and to encapsulate the latest achievements in the field of LD/API by highlighting some of the very best reports in the 21st century. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Zhenyan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
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12
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Chakrabarty S, Shelver WL, Smith DJ. Electrospray ionization rapid screening sans liquid chromatography column: A sensitive method for detection and quantification of chemicals in animal tissues and urine. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8876. [PMID: 32628302 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in conjunction with liquid chromatography (LC) can provide accurate quantitative data, but it is not well-suited for the rapid screening (RS) of analytes incurred into complex matrices. This study was designed to determine the usefulness of ESI for rapid detection and quantitation of veterinary drugs from complex biological matrices under near real-time conditions. METHODS Nine veterinary drugs or metabolites, clenbuterol, erythromycin, flunixin, 5-hydroxyflunixin, meloxicam, ractopamine, salbutamol, tylosin and zilpaterol, present in cow urine, sheep urine, sheep tissues (kidney, muscle, liver and lung) or pig kidney, were simultaneously analyzed. A simple sample clean-up procedure, which included dilution with 10% sodium carbonate followed by extraction with ethyl acetate, was used. For tissues, an additional pre-extraction with hexane was performed to remove fat prior to MS analysis. Samples were introduced into the mass spectrometer through the LC autosampler, but no chromatographic separation was employed. A Sciex 5600+ triple time-of-flight mass spectrometer with a dual-spray source interfaced with a Shimadzu Nexera LC system was used. Samples were analyzed in positive ion mode. RESULTS Sample extraction times were typically 10-30 min or less and instrumental analysis time was 1 min/sample. Regression coefficients of matrix-matched standard curves across all compounds ranged from 0.9701-0.9999 in urine (cow and sheep) and tissues (sheep kidney, liver, lung, muscle and pig kidney). Limits of detection ranged from 0.11 to 2.03 ng/mL across analytes in urine and 0.11 to 8.86 ng/g across tissues. Correlations between RS-ESI-MS and LC/MS/MS results were 0.956 to 0.998 for incurred residues of flunixin in cow urine, ractopamine in pig kidney and zilpaterol in sheep urine. CONCLUSIONS RS-ESI-MS provided rapid, sensitive, and accurate analyses of nine veterinary drugs from complex matrices with very little sample preparation and produced quantitative data akin to LC/MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhashis Chakrabarty
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1616 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Weilin L Shelver
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1616 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - David J Smith
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1616 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
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13
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High-throughput screening for high-efficiency small-molecule biosynthesis. Metab Eng 2020; 63:102-125. [PMID: 33017684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Systems metabolic engineering faces the formidable task of rewiring microbial metabolism to cost-effectively generate high-value molecules from a variety of inexpensive feedstocks for many different applications. Because these cellular systems are still too complex to model accurately, vast collections of engineered organism variants must be systematically created and evaluated through an enormous trial-and-error process in order to identify a manufacturing-ready strain. The high-throughput screening of strains to optimize their scalable manufacturing potential requires execution of many carefully controlled, parallel, miniature fermentations, followed by high-precision analysis of the resulting complex mixtures. This review discusses strategies for the design of high-throughput, small-scale fermentation models to predict improved strain performance at large commercial scale. Established and promising approaches from industrial and academic groups are presented for both cell culture and analysis, with primary focus on microplate- and microfluidics-based screening systems.
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14
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Van Meulebroek L, Cameron S, Plekhova V, De Spiegeleer M, Wijnant K, Michels N, De Henauw S, Lapauw B, Takats Z, Vanhaecke L. Rapid LA-REIMS and comprehensive UHPLC-HRMS for metabolic phenotyping of feces. Talanta 2020; 217:121043. [PMID: 32498888 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ambient ionization-based techniques hold great potential for rapid point-of-care applicable metabolic fingerprinting of tissue and fluids. Hereby, feces represents a unique biospecimen as it integrates the complex interactions between the diet, gut microbiome and host, and is therefore ideally suited to study the involvement of the diet-gut microbiome axis in metabolic diseases and their treatments at a molecular level. We present a new method for rapid (<10 s) metabolic fingerprinting of feces, i.e. laser-assisted rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (LA-REIMS) with an Nd:YAG laser (2940 nm) and quadrupole Time-of-Flight mass spectrometer as main components. The LA-REIMS method was implemented on mimicked crude feces samples from individuals that were assigned a state of type 2 diabetes or euglycaemia. Based on the generated fingerprints, enclosing 4923 feature ions, significant segregation according to disease classification was achieved through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (Q2(Y) of 0.734 and p-value of 1.93e-17) and endorsed by a general classification accuracy of 90.5%. A comparison between the discriminative performance of the novel LA-REIMS and our established ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography high-resolution MS (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics and lipidomics methodologies for fingerprinting of stool was performed. Based on the supervised modelling results upon UHPLC-HRMS (Q2(Y) ≥ 0.655 and p-value ≤ 4.11 e-5), equivalent or better discriminative performance of LA-REIMS fingerprinting was concluded. Eventually, comprehensive UHPLC-HRMS was employed to assess metabolic alterations as observed for the defined classes, whereby metformin treatment of the type 2 diabetes patients was considered a relevant study factor to acquire new mechanistic insights. More specifically, ten metabolization products of metformin were identified, with (hydroxylated) triazepinone and metformin-cholesterol reported for the first time in vivo.In conclusion, LA-REIMS was established as an expedient strategy for rapid metabolic fingerprinting of feces, whereby potential implementations may relate, but are not limited to differential diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation of metabolic diseases. Yet, LC-HRMS remains essential for in-depth biological interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Simon Cameron
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Division of Systems Medicine, St. Dunstans Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Queen's University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Vera Plekhova
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Margot De Spiegeleer
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Kathleen Wijnant
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium; Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Ghent University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Zoltan Takats
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Division of Systems Medicine, St. Dunstans Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium; Queen's University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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15
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Banerjee S. Empowering Clinical Diagnostics with Mass Spectrometry. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2041-2048. [PMID: 32064364 PMCID: PMC7016904 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The unmet need for highly accurate methods of disease diagnosis poses new challenges for developments in laboratory medicine. Advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based disease biomarker discoveries are continuously expanding the clinical diagnostic landscape. Although a number of MS-based in vitro diagnostics are already adopted in routine clinical practices, more are expected to undergo transition from bench to bedside in the near future. The ultrahigh sensitivity, specificity, and low turnaround time in molecular detection by MS make this technology highly powerful in disease detection and therapy monitoring. This mini-review highlights how MS has created a new paradigm in clinical diagnosis, which is growing in importance for public health.
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16
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Yew JY. Natural Product Discovery by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2020; 8:S0081. [PMID: 33299731 PMCID: PMC7709883 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.s0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART MS) is one of the first ambient ionization methods to be introduced and commercialized. Analysis by DART MS requires minimal sample preparation, produces nearly instantaneous results, and provides detection over a broad range of compounds. These advantageous features are particularly well-suited for the inherent complexity of natural product analysis. This review highlights recent applications of DART MS for species identification by chemotaxonomy, chemical profiling, genetic screening, and chemical spatial analysis from plants, insects, microbes, and metabolites from living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Y. Yew
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of
Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 1993 East West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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17
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Swiner DJ, Jackson S, Burris BJ, Badu-Tawiah AK. Applications of Mass Spectrometry for Clinical Diagnostics: The Influence of Turnaround Time. Anal Chem 2020; 92:183-202. [PMID: 31671262 PMCID: PMC7896279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This critical review discusses how the need for reduced clinical turnaround times has influenced chemical instrumentation. We focus on the development of modern mass spectrometry (MS) and its application in clinical diagnosis. With increased functionality that takes advantage of novel front-end modifications and computational capabilities, MS can now be used for non-traditional clinical analyses, including applications in clinical microbiology for bacteria differentiation and in surgical operation rooms. We summarize here recent developments in the field that have enabled such capabilities, which include miniaturization for point-of-care testing, direct complex mixture analysis via ambient ionization, chemical imaging and profiling, and systems integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin J. Swiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Sierra Jackson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Benjamin J. Burris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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18
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Pekov SI, Eliferov VA, Sorokin AA, Shurkhay VA, Zhvansky ES, Vorobyev AS, Potapov AA, Nikolaev EN, Popov IA. Inline cartridge extraction for rapid brain tumor tissue identification by molecular profiling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18960. [PMID: 31831871 PMCID: PMC6908710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of perspective diagnostic techniques in medicine requires efficient high-throughput biological sample analysis methods. Here, we present an inline cartridge extraction that facilitates the screening rate of mass spectrometry shotgun lipidomic analysis of tissue samples. We illustrate the method by its application to tumor tissue identification in neurosurgery. In perspective, this high-performance method provides new possibilities for the investigation of cancer pathogenesis and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav I Pekov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily A Eliferov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly A Sorokin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Vsevolod A Shurkhay
- Federal State Autonomous Institution «N.N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny S Zhvansky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Vorobyev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A Potapov
- Federal State Autonomous Institution «N.N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation.
| | - Igor A Popov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.
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19
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Kuo TH, Dutkiewicz EP, Pei J, Hsu CC. Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry Today and Tomorrow: Embracing Challenges and Opportunities. Anal Chem 2019; 92:2353-2363. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hao Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ewelina P. Dutkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jiying Pei
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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20
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Usui K, Minami E, Fujita Y, Kubota E, Kobayashi H, Hanazawa T, Yoshizawa T, Kamijo Y, Funayama M. Application of probe electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry to ultra-rapid determination of glufosinate and glyphosate in human serum. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:175-181. [PMID: 31170631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Glufosinate and glyphosate, which are non-selective herbicides that include an amino acid moiety in their structures, are frequently used worldwide to control unwanted vegetation. Unfortunately, these readily available herbicides are also used by people to commit suicide, and thus represent important chemicals of interest in the fields of clinical medicine and forensics. Because of the high water solubility of these herbicides, most analytical methods for their detection require a derivatization step, which results in longer analysis times. Therefore, derivatization-based methods do not currently contribute to judgements on treatment decisions in emergency medicine. In this study, we addressed this limiting factor by developing an ultra-rapid and simple analytical technique using a combination of probe electrospray ionization (PESI) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), which gives quantitative results within 0.3 min. Herbicide standards were added to human serum that was then subjected to analysis (N = 5 per concentration). The analysis was repeated daily over eight consecutive days. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.59 μg/mL for glufosinate and 0.20 μg/mL for glyphosate. The limit of quantitation (LOQ), i.e., the lowest point on the calibration curves, was 1.56 μg/mL for both the herbicides. The matrix effects were observed at three different concentrations (between 95.7%-104% for glufosinate, and between 90.7%-95.7% for glyphosate). When applied to samples taken from actual poisoning cases (six samples for each herbicide), the present method gave almost the same quantitative values as those obtained by conventional high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Thus, we believe that PESI-MS/MS could emerge as a rapid diagnosis method in the clinical emergency field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Usui
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Eriko Minami
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Fujita
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka 020-8505, Japan
| | - Eito Kubota
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Haruka Kobayashi
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomoki Hanazawa
- Emergency Medical Center and Poison Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yoshizawa
- Emergency Medical Center and Poison Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kamijo
- Emergency Medical Center and Poison Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Masato Funayama
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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21
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Yang X, Huang H, Lu Q, Chen SH, Wang F, Huang OP, Hu B, Yang BC. High-throughput polymer tip-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for enhanced detection of neopterin and biopterin in clinical urine samples. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:189-194. [PMID: 30597687 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urinary biopterin (Bio) and neopterin (Neo) are important markers for clinical diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia. Herein, we developed a high-throughput analysis method based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) with polymer tips for the rapid quantitative detection of Bio and Neo in clinical urine samples. Different polymer tips were investigated. It is found that the best detection sensitivity was achieved with hydrophobic polymer tip, ie, polyethylene tips. The high-throughput polymer tip-ESI-MS method allowed a rapid analysis speed at ~40 seconds per sample. The limits of quantification (LOQ) (S/N ≥ 10) for the detection of Bio and Neo were improved to be 5.0 ng/mL. Acceptable relative standard deviation (RSD) values for Neo and Bio were measured to be 12.2% and 13.4% for direct measurement of Bio and Neo in raw urine samples, respectively. Furthermore, Bio and Neo were directly quantified from 18 clinical urine samples by presented method. The ratios of urinary Bio-to-Neo were analyzed for diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia. The results demonstrated that the present polymer tip-ESI-MS method is a promising strategy for the rapid analysis of clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shao-Hong Chen
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ou-Ping Huang
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Yang
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
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22
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Carneiro G, Radcenco AL, Evaristo J, Monnerat G. Novel strategies for clinical investigation and biomarker discovery: a guide to applied metabolomics. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2019; 38:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2018-0045/hmbci-2018-0045.xml. [PMID: 30653466 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2018-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an emerging technology that is increasing both in basic science and in human applications, providing a physiological snapshot. It has been highlighted as one of the most wide ranging and reliable tools for the investigation of physiological status, the discovery of new biomarkers and the analysis of metabolic pathways. Metabolomics uses innovative mass spectrometry (MS) allied to chromatography or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The recent advances in bioinformatics, databases and statistics, have provided a unique perception of metabolites interaction and the dynamics of metabolic pathways at a system level. In this context, several studies have applied metabolomics in physiology- and disease-related works. The application of metabolomics includes, physiological and metabolic evaluation/monitoring, individual response to different exercise, nutritional interventions, pathological processes, responses to pharmacological interventions, biomarker discovery and monitoring for distinct aspects, such as: physiological capacity, fatigue/recovery and aging among other applications. For metabolomic analyses, despite huge improvements in the field, several complex methodological steps must be taken into consideration. In this regard, the present article aims to summarize the novel aspects of metabolomics and provide a guide for metabolomics for professionals related to physiologist and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Carneiro
- Proteomics Laboratoy, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andres Lopez Radcenco
- Departamento de Química del Litoral, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Joseph Evaristo
- Proteomics Laboratoy, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Monnerat
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, IBCCF-UFRJ, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 - CCS - Bloco G, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil, Phone/Fax: +55 21 25626555
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23
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Aszyk J, Byliński H, Namieśnik J, Kot-Wasik A. Main strategies, analytical trends and challenges in LC-MS and ambient mass spectrometry–based metabolomics. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Hsu FF. Mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics - a critical review from the technical point of view. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6387-6409. [PMID: 30094786 PMCID: PMC6195124 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, mass spectrometry (MS)-based "shotgun lipidomics" has emerged as a powerful tool for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the complex lipids in the biological system. The aim of this critical review is to give the interested reader a concise overview of the current state of the technology, focused on lipidomic analysis by mass spectrometry. The pros and cons, and pitfalls associated with each available "shotgun lipidomics" method are discussed; and the new strategies for improving the current methods are described. A list of important papers and reviews that are sufficient rather than comprehensive, covering all the aspects of lipidomics including the workflow, methodology, and fundamentals is also compiled for readers to follow. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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25
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Rapid Evaluation of Spermidine from 12 Bean Cultivars by Direct Real-Time Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092138. [PMID: 30149608 PMCID: PMC6225280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The routine spermidine (SPD) detection method is time-consuming and laborious due to the lengthy chromatographic separation and/or tedious sample derivatization pretreatment. In this study, direct analysis in real-time ionization mode coupled with mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was developed to rapidly determine the SPD content of 12 bean cultivars. The results were compared in detail with those of the classical UHPLC-ESI-QTOF method. After conducting a series of optimizations, a simple sample extraction procedure employing 80% aqueous methanol, was followed by determination of sample extracts directly without any chromatographic separation or prior derivatization. The validated method showed excellent performance with low limits of detection (LOD of 0.025 mg·kg−1) and good recovery rates (102.79–148.44%). The investigation highlighted that the DART-MS method (~1.3 min per three samples) could be used as a high-throughput alternative to the classic UHPLC-ESI-QTOF method (~15 min per three samples).
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26
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Pérez-Rodríguez M, Pellerano RG, Pezza L, Pezza HR. An overview of the main foodstuff sample preparation technologies for tetracycline residue determination. Talanta 2018; 182:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Rejšek J, Vrkoslav V, Pokorný V, Přibyl V, Cvačka J. Ion Source with Laser Triangulation for Ambient Mass Spectrometry of Nonplanar Samples. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11452-11459. [PMID: 28976183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of nonplanar samples in ambient mass spectrometry poses a formidable challenge. Here, an ion source equipped with laser triangulation for analyzing nonplanar surfaces was constructed. It was designed as a two-position device, where the sample height was measured using laser triangulation and the target compounds were then analyzed. Thanks to a stage movable in xyz, the ion source maintained an optimal vertical distance between the sample and the sampling capillary for each measured spot during the surface analysis. The xyz-coordinates for the movement of the sample stage were computed using the laser sensor data in such a way as to avoid direct contact of the sampling capillary and the measured surface. The ion source performance and its ability to analyze various morphologies were tested using desorption electrospray ionization with plastic objects coated by 2,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid. The experiments showed excellent performance for nonplanar samples but also revealed some limitations especially on object edges and steep slopes. The applicability of the ion source operated in desorption electrospray ionization and desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization was examined for food and pharmaceutical samples. Chemicals on the surface of nonplanar samples were probed along a line extending across the surface of the measured objects. The device provided high-quality spectra, regardless of the sample height at the measured spot. The automatic adjustments of the sample stage in xyz proved to be beneficial for analyzing nonplanar samples and for simultaneous measurement of samples with various dimensions and shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rejšek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 CZ-166 10, Czech Republic.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, Prague 2 CZ-128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Vrkoslav
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 CZ-166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Pokorný
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 CZ-166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Přibyl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 CZ-166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 CZ-166 10, Czech Republic.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, Prague 2 CZ-128 43, Czech Republic
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28
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Chen LC, Yoshimura K, Ninomiya S, Takeda S, Hiraoka K. Towards Practical Endoscopic Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 6:S0070. [PMID: 28852605 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.s0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we briefly review the remote mass spectrometric techniques that are viable to perform "endoscopic mass spectrometry," i.e., in-situ and in-vivo MS analysis inside the cavity of human or animal body. We also report our experience with a moving string sampling probe for the remote sample collection and the transportation of adhered sample to an ion source near the mass spectrometer. With a miniaturization of the probe, the method described here has the potential to be fit directly into a medical endoscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Chuin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
| | - Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
| | - Satoshi Ninomiya
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
| | - Sen Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
| | - Kenzo Hiraoka
- Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi
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29
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Xu LX, Wang TT, Geng YY, Wang WY, Li Y, Duan XK, Xu B, Liu CC, Liu WH. The direct analysis of drug distribution of rotigotine-loaded microspheres from tissue sections by LESA coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:5217-5223. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Hsieh HY, Li LH, Hsu RY, Kao WF, Huang YC, Hsu CC. Quantification of Endogenous Cholesterol in Human Serum on Paper Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6146-6152. [PMID: 28505411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood testing for endogenous small metabolites to determine physiological and biochemical states is routine for laboratory analysis. Here we demonstrate that by combining the commercial direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source with an ion trap mass spectrometer, native cholesterol in its free alcohol form is readily detected from a few hundred nanoliters of human serum loaded onto chromatography paper. Deuterium-labeled cholesterol was used as the internal standard to obtain the absolute quantity of the endogenous cholesterol. The amount of the cholesterol measured by this paper-loaded DART mass spectrometry (pDART-MS) is statistically comparable with that obtained by using commercially available fluorometric-enzymatic assay and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Furthermore, sera from 21 participants at three different time points in an ultramarathon were collected to obtain their cholesterol levels. The test requires only very minimal sample preparation, and the concentrations of cholesterol in each sample were acquired within a minute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yi Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hua Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital , Taipei 11217, Taiwan.,School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Yu Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fong Kao
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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