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Hammad M, Almahari SAI, Umakanth S, Toorani ZA. Clinicopathological Significance of Defective DNA Mismatch Repair in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Single-Center Study From Bahrain. Cureus 2024; 16:e67332. [PMID: 39301379 PMCID: PMC11412741 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometrial carcinoma, the most prevalent gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, represents a significant public health issue worldwide. DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) deficiency is an important molecular mechanism in endometrial carcinoma development, clinical course, and prognosis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the incidence and histological subtypes of endometrial carcinoma among Bahraini women, evaluate the prevalence of MMR deficiency using immunohistochemistry in these patients and analyze the association between MMR deficiency and clinicopathological features, including potential links to Lynch syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS This single-center retrospective study included 115 endometrial carcinoma patients diagnosed between January 2020 to June 2023. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of the four main MMR proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes were compared between MMR-deficient and MMR-proficient tumors. Medical records of patients were retrieved from I-SEHA system. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. RESULTS The study included a wide age range of patients, with a mean age of 59.5 years. The majority were Bahraini nationals. Endometrioid carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype (73%), followed by serous carcinoma (8.7%). Most patients presented with early-stage disease (76.8% stage I), and 39.8% had low-grade tumors. Significant proportions of cases showed loss of expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins MLH1 (24.2%), PMS2 (25%), MSH6 (14.5%), and MSH2 (12.7%), without significant associations with age. Conclusion: This study found endometrial cancer to be a significant health concern in Bahrain, with a relatively high prevalence and younger age of onset compared to global averages. The data shows a predominance of endometrioid subtype and higher-grade tumors. Notably, a substantial proportion exhibited MMR deficiency, an important biomarker. These findings suggest the need for enhanced screening, early detection, and tailored treatment approaches in Bahrain. Further research and robust national cancer registries are warranted to fully understand the underlying risk factors and guide evidence-based interventions to mitigate the burden of this disease.
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Solanki R, Zubbair Malik M, Alankar B, Ahmad FJ, Dohare R, Chauhan R, Kesharwani P, Kaur H. Identification of novel biomarkers and potential molecular targets for uterine cancer using network-based approach. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155431. [PMID: 39029376 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
A better understanding of incidences at the cellular level in uterine cancer is necessary for its effective treatment and favourable prognosis. Till date, it lacks appropriate molecular target-based treatment because of unknown molecular mechanisms that proceed to cancer and no drug has shown the required results of treatment with less severe side effects. Uterine Cancer is one of the top five cancer diagnoses and among the ten most common death-causing cancer in the United States of America. There is no FDA-approved drug for it yet. Therefore, it became necessary to identify the molecular targets for molecular targeted therapy of this widely prevalent cancer type. For this study, we used a network-based approach to the list of the deregulated (both up and down-regulated) genes taking adjacent p-Value ≤ 0.05 as significance cut off for the mRNA data of uterine cancer. We constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and analyzed the degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality-like topological properties of the PPI network. Then we traced the top 30 genes listed from each topological property to find the key regulators involved in the endometrial cancer (ECa) network. We then detected the communities and sub-communities from the PPI network using the Cytoscape network analyzer and Louvain modularity optimization method. A set of 26 (TOP2A, CENPE, RAD51, BUB1, BUB1B, KIF2C, KIF23, KIF11, KIF20A, ASPM, AURKA, AURKB, PLK1, CDC20, CDKN2A, EZH2, CCNA2, CCNB1, CDK1, FGF2, PRKCA, PGR, CAMK2A, HPGDS, and CDCA8) genes were found to be key genes of ECa regulatory network altered in disease state and might be playing the regulatory role in complex ECa network. Our study suggests that among these genes, KIF11 and H PGDS appeared to be novel key genes identified in our research. We also identified these key genes interactions with miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubi Solanki
- School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Md Zubbair Malik
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Bhavya Alankar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ritu Chauhan
- Artificial Intelligence and IoT lab, Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Harleen Kaur
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Bassette E, Ducie JA. Endometrial Cancer in Reproductive-Aged Females: Etiology and Pathogenesis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:886. [PMID: 38672240 PMCID: PMC11047839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, and the incidence is rising in premenopausal females. Type I EC is more common than Type II EC (80% vs. 20%) and is associated with a hyperestrogenic state. Estrogen unopposed by progesterone is considered to be the main driving factor in the pathogenesis of EC. Studies show that BMI > 30 kg/m2, prolonged duration of menses, nulliparity, presence of polycystic ovarian syndrome, and Lynch syndrome are the most common causes of EC in premenopausal women. Currently, there are no guidelines established to indicate premenopausal patients who should be screened. This review aims to synthesize current data on the etiology, risk factors, presentation, evaluation, and prognosis of endometrial cancer in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bassette
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Jennifer A. Ducie
- Methodist Gynecology Oncology, Nebraska Methodist Hospital, Omaha, NE 68114, USA
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Hu Z, Wu Z, Liu W, Ning Y, Liu J, Ding W, Fan J, Cai S, Li Q, Li W, Yang X, Dou Y, Wang W, Peng W, Lu F, Zhuang X, Qin T, Kang X, Feng C, Xu Z, Lv Q, Wang Q, Wang C, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang J, Jiang J, Wang B, Mills GB, Ma D, Gao Q, Li K, Chen G, Chen X, Sun C. Proteogenomic insights into early-onset endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: predictors for fertility-sparing therapy response. Nat Genet 2024; 56:637-651. [PMID: 38565644 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma remains a public health concern with a growing incidence, particularly in younger women. Preserving fertility is a crucial consideration in the management of early-onset endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEEC), particularly in patients under 40 who maintain both reproductive desire and capacity. To illuminate the molecular characteristics of EEEC, we undertook a large-scale multi-omics study of 215 patients with endometrial carcinoma, including 81 with EEEC. We reveal an unexpected association between exposome-related mutational signature and EEEC, characterized by specific CTNNB1 and SIGLEC10 hotspot mutations and disruption of downstream pathways. Interestingly, SIGLEC10Q144K mutation in EEECs resulted in aberrant SIGLEC-10 protein expression and promoted progestin resistance by interacting with estrogen receptor alpha. We also identified potential protein biomarkers for progestin response in fertility-sparing treatment for EEEC. Collectively, our study establishes a proteogenomic resource of EEECs, uncovering the interactions between exposome and genomic susceptibilities that contribute to the development of primary prevention and early detection strategies for EEECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zimeng Wu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ning
- Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Junpeng Fan
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Shuyan Cai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qinlan Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohang Yang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yingyu Dou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenju Peng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Funian Lu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xucui Zhuang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Qin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Kang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chenzhao Feng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoying Lv
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jianliu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | | | - Ding Ma
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Kezhen Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Chaoyang Sun
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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Yadav A, Sistla A, Swain M, Gowrishankar S, Padua MD, Modi T, Himabindu R, Agarwal N, Kulkarni A, Bhandari T, Vudayaraju H, Chinnababu, Reddy VA. To study the expression of estrogen, progesterone receptor and p53 immunohistochemistry markers in subtyping endometrial carcinoma. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2024; 67:62-67. [PMID: 38358190 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_568_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in women worldwide. Aim and Objectives To study the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers in subtyping endometrial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 cases of carcinoma endometrium submitted during January 2016 to October 2018 were included in our study. The ER, PR and p53 expressions were scored as per the adopted scoring system. Agreement between ER, PR and p53 IHC expression and the consensus HE diagnosis, FIGO grading and tumour staging were assessed using Chi square tests. Results There was a statistical association between ER, PR and p53 status and tumour histologic type with a P value < 0.01. There was no statistical significance observed between ER and PR expressions and different FIGO grades. Statistical significance (P = 0.036) between p53 and different FIGO grades seen. No statistical significance was observed between ER, PR and p53 expressions and different tumour stages and tumour invasiveness. There was a statistical association between ER and PR status and lymph node metastasis. p53 did not show a statistical significance. Conclusion Combination of ER, PR and p53 IHC markers can be used to distinguish type 1 and type 2 endometrial cancers. PR expression is more specific than ER in endometrioid carcinomas. p53 expression is more specific in serous carcinoma, however, p53 IHC alone cannot be used to distinguish different grades of endometrioid carcinomas as there is variability of staining in endometrioid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Yadav
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Anuradha Sistla
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Swain
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Michelle de Padua
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tejal Modi
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rallabandi Himabindu
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Kulkarni
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Trilok Bhandari
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Hemanth Vudayaraju
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chinnababu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay A Reddy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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dos Santos JTT, Rosa RCA, Pereira ALE, Assunção-Luiz AV, Bacalá BT, Ferraz VEDF, Flória M. Risk for Hereditary Neoplastic Syndromes in Women with Mismatch Repair-Proficient Endometrial Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1999. [PMID: 38002942 PMCID: PMC10671603 DOI: 10.3390/genes14111999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a prevalent malignancy in women, and those who are proficient in the DNA mismatch repair (pMMR) pathway may have a family history (FH) that meets the criteria for a hereditary neoplastic condition (HNS). This study aimed to estimate the risk of HNS in women with pMMR endometrial tumors by analyzing their FH. To achieve this, we collaborated with a primary study and collected FH information by telephone. The final sample comprised 42 women who responded to the Primary Screening Questionnaire. Their family pedigrees were drawn and categorized according to internationally standardized criteria for the risk of HNS. Results showed that 26 women (61%) were found to be at risk for HNS, with Bethesda criteria being met by 23%, Amsterdam criteria by 15%, and 4% met the attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis criteria. Our results emphasize the importance of FH and the need to encourage healthcare professionals to collect and document FH more frequently, even if it is self-reported. By identifying individuals with HNS, we can improve their outcomes and reduce the burden of cancer in families with a predisposition to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reginaldo Cruz Alves Rosa
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (R.C.A.R.); (A.L.E.P.); (V.E.d.F.F.)
| | - Alison Luis Eburneo Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (R.C.A.R.); (A.L.E.P.); (V.E.d.F.F.)
| | - Alan Vinicius Assunção-Luiz
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (J.T.T.d.S.); (A.V.A.-L.); (B.T.B.)
| | - Bruna Tavares Bacalá
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (J.T.T.d.S.); (A.V.A.-L.); (B.T.B.)
| | - Victor Evangelista de Faria Ferraz
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (R.C.A.R.); (A.L.E.P.); (V.E.d.F.F.)
| | - Milena Flória
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (J.T.T.d.S.); (A.V.A.-L.); (B.T.B.)
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Bizzarri N, Pavone M, Loverro M, Querleu D, Fagotti A, Scambia G. Ovarian preservation in gynecologic oncology: current indications and techniques. Curr Opin Oncol 2023; 35:401-411. [PMID: 37498120 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Early menopause represents a relevant clinical issue for women. Nevertheless, this issue should be balanced with the risks of ovarian metastasis, ovarian recurrence, and the risk of recurrence in hormone-sensitive gynecological cancers. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview on current indications and techniques of ovarian preservation in patients with gynecological cancers. RECENT FINDINGS The potential discussion about ovarian conservation could be proposed to patients with FIGO-stage IA grade 1-2 endometrioid endometrial cancer aged 40 years or less, FIGO-stage IB1-IB2 node-negative cervical cancer with squamous cell carcinoma and HPV-associated adenocarcinoma, FIGO-stage IA-IC grade 1-2 serous, endometrioid, mucinous expansile pattern ovarian cancer, any stage germ cell ovarian tumors, and FIGO-stage IA sex cord-stromal tumors. Technique to perform ovarian transposition in cervix cancer is also reported. SUMMARY Ovarian conservation is a surgical approach that involves preserving one or both ovaries during the treatment of gynecologic cancers. This approach has gained popularity in recent years, as it offers several benefits to the patient, including the preservation of hormonal function and fertility. The decision to perform ovarian conservation depends on several factors, such as the stage and type of cancer, the patient's age, fertility desire, and should be carefully discussed with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Bizzarri
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
| | - Matteo Pavone
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
| | - Matteo Loverro
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
| | - Denis Querleu
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
| | - Anna Fagotti
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Fang D, Zhang Q, Mu M, Deng Q, Wang Y, Li Q. lncRNA ENST00000585827 Contributes to the Progression of Endometrial Carcinoma via Regulating miR-424/E2F6/E2F7 Axis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:3096-3108. [PMID: 36525235 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) ranks fourth among the most common gynecologic malignancies. Despite advances in medical technology, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Numerous reports have identified the involvement of lncRNA in the malignant progression of endometrial cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression level of lncRNA ENST00000585827 (lncRNA E27) in endometrial cancer and the molecular mechanism that regulates the development of endometrial cancer. Combined with the results of the previous study, PCR analysis confirmed that lncRNA E27 was significantly upregulated in endometrial cancer cell lines. The results of CCK-8, wound healing assay, and transwell experiments showed that lncRNA E27 could significantly inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Flow cytometry results confirmed that lncRNA E27 could promote apoptosis. Furthermore, based on bioinformatics predictions, dual-luciferase assay and RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that miR-424, as its downstream molecule, competitively regulates the expression of E2F6/E2F7. Rescue experiments further supported that lncRNA E27 inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis of endometrial cancer through miR-424/E2F6/E2F7 signaling axis. Conclusively, our findings revealed the role of lncRNA E27 in regulating the miR-424/E2F6/E2F7 signaling axis during EC progression, opening up new strategies for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
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Yao Y, Liu K, Wu Y, Zhou J, Jin H, Zhang Y, Zhu Y. Comprehensive landscape of the functions and prognostic value of RNA binding proteins in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962412. [PMID: 36262474 PMCID: PMC9574853 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The dysregulation of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) is involved in tumorigenesis and progression. However, information on the overall function of RNA binding proteins in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) remains to be studied. This study aimed to explore Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma-associated molecular mechanisms and develop an RNA-binding protein-associated prognostic model. Methods: Differently expressed RNA binding proteins were identified between Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma tumor tissues and normal tissues by R packages (DESeq2, edgeR) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Hub RBPs were subsequently identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The cBioPortal platform, R packages (ggplot2), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and TIMER online database were used to explore the molecular mechanisms of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma. Kaplan-Meier (K-M), Area Under Curve (AUC), and the consistency index (c-index) were used to test the performance of our model. Results: We identified 128 differently expressed RNA binding proteins between Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma tumor tissues and normal tissues. Seven RNA binding proteins genes (NOP10, RBPMS, ATXN1, SBDS, POP5, CD3EAP, ZC3H12C) were screened as prognostic hub genes and used to construct a prognostic model. Such a model may be able to predict patient prognosis and acquire the best possible treatment. Further analysis indicated that, based on our model, the patients in the high-risk subgroup had poor overall survival (OS) compared to those in the low-risk subgroup. We also established a nomogram based on seven RNA binding proteins. This nomogram could inform individualized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma. Conclusion: Our work focused on systematically analyzing a large cohort of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma patients in the The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We subsequently constructed a robust prognostic model based on seven RNA binding proteins that may soon inform individualized diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kangping Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Heyue Jin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yumin Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- *Correspondence: Yumin Zhu,
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Catena U, Della Corte L, Raffone A, Travaglino A, Lucci Cordisco E, Teodorico E, Masciullo V, Bifulco G, Di Spiezio Sardo A, Scambia G, Fanfani F. Fertility-sparing treatment for endometrial cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia in patients with Lynch Syndrome: Molecular diagnosis after immunohistochemistry of MMR proteins. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:948509. [PMID: 36091691 PMCID: PMC9452689 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.948509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lynch Syndrome (LS) represents the hereditary condition that is most frequently associated with endometrial cancer (EC). The aim of this study is to assess the presence of Lynch Syndrome (LS) in young women with mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and non-myoinvasive FIGO G1 endometrioid EC and its possible impact on the outcome of conservative treatment. Methods Six MMR-deficient cases identified from a previous cohort of 69 conservatively treated patients were selected to be screened for germline mutations in MMR genes. In each patient, the outcomes of conservative treatment for AEH and EEC, including response, relapse, progression, and pregnancy, were assessed. Results Five out of 6 patients underwent genetic test for LS. Three out of these 5 patients showed a positive genetic test. Patient 1 showed the c.942 + 2 T>A heterozygous variant of MSH2 mutation; after 12 months of complete response, she had relapse and progression of disease. Patient 4 showed the c.2459-1G>C variant of MSH2 mutation; after complete response, she failed to achieve pregnancy; she had relapse after 24 months and underwent hysterectomy. Patient 6 showed the c.803 + 1 heterozygous variant of PMS2 mutation; she had relapse of disease after 18 months from the first complete response and then underwent hysterectomy. Conclusions In this series, 3 out of 6 women with MMR-deficiency had LS. None of the patients achieved pregnancy, and those who responded to treatment had subsequent relapse of disease. Patients undergoing fertility-sparing treatment for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer should perform MMR immunohistochemical analysis in order to screen LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Catena
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ursula Catena
| | - Luigi Della Corte
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Raffone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Travaglino
- Pathology Unit, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Lucci Cordisco
- Medical Genetics Unit, epartment of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Teodorico
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Masciullo
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fanfani
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Endometrial Cancer in Pre-Menopausal Women and Younger: Risk Factors and Outcome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159059. [PMID: 35897440 PMCID: PMC9330568 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in women, and it is known to be a disease among postmenopausal women, but there is rising in the number of endometrial cancers among premenopausal women. This study aims to determine the clinical characteristic, risk factors, outcomes, and survival in pre and postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer in Malaysia. A retrospective study was conducted in Hospital Melaka that involved all women who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer in Hospital Melaka from January 2002 until July 2020. All subjects’ histopathological examination result was confirmed, and their clinical data were extracted and transferred into a standardized data checklist and analysed. A total number of 392 cases was obtained from the Annual Cancer Registry Hospital Melaka. However, only 281 cases were studied, including 44.8% premenopausal and 55.2% postmenopausal women. In the premenopausal group, there were higher incidence of obesity (30.8 + 8.6 vs. 28.9 + 7.1), younger age at menarche (12.7 + 1.5 vs. 13.3 + 1.6), lesser parity (1.47 vs. 3.26), and a higher number of nulliparous women (46.8% vs. 19.4%) as compared to postmenopausal group. The premenopausal group tends to be presented with a well-differentiated grading of tumour (52.4%) and a higher incidence of having concomitant endometrial hyperplasia (41.3%). The mean survival among the premenopausal group (200.3 + 7.9 months) is higher compared to postmenopausal group (153.9 + 6.5 months). These findings correlate with good survival and prognosis among the premenopausal group compared to the postmenopausal group.
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12
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Metformin in Combination with Progesterone Improves the Pregnancy Rate for Patients with Early Endometrial Cancer. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:1961016. [PMID: 35854762 PMCID: PMC9279044 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1961016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To study the therapeutic effects of metformin in combination with medroxyprogesterone in the early endometrial cancer patients with fertility requirements. A total of 120 patients with early endometrial cancer admitted to and treated in our hospital were enrolled and evenly assigned into two groups according to different therapeutic regimens, namely, metformin group (metformin combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate) and control group (medroxyprogesterone acetate alone). The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 71.7% (43/60) and 90.0% (54/60) in the metformin group and 53.3% (32/60) and 78.3% (47/60) in the control group, respectively. Adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal reaction, headache, and insomnia were mainly observed in patients. The body mass index (BMI) declined from (34.43 ± 4.34) kg/m2 to (24.77 ± 2.39) kg/m2 in the metformin group and from (33.37 ± 4.49) kg/m2 to (31.28 ± 3.55) kg/m2 in the control group after treatment. After treatment, serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiotensin-2 (Ang-2), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and CA19-9 in the metformin group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P = 0.005, P < 0.001, P = 0.002, and P < 0.001). During follow-up, the pregnancy rate was 81.7% (49/60) in the metformin group and 61.7% (37/60) in the control group, and the former was prominently higher than the latter (P = 0.025). Metformin in combination with progesterone is effective in treating early endometrial cancer patients with fertility requirements, which significantly reduced the BMI of patients and increased the pregnancy rate after treatment.
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Irshaid L, Clark M, Fadare O, Finberg KE, Parkash V. Endometrial Carcinoma as the Presenting Malignancy in a Teenager With a Pathogenic TP53 Germline Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2022; 41:258-267. [PMID: 33990091 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients with germline TP53 mutations are characterized by the occurrence of multiple early-onset malignancies. The characteristic syndrome is Li-Fraumeni syndrome (OMIM # 151623), an autosomal dominant disorder typified by premenopausal breast carcinoma, adrenal cortical tumors, bone and soft tissue sarcomas, leukemias, and tumors of the brain and spinal cord. Gynecologic malignancies are uncommonly reported in families harboring TP53 mutations, and the predominant tumor type reported is ovarian. Uterine carcinoma has been reported only a handful of times in patients with germline TP53 mutations, none as a presenting tumor in a teenager. We report on an 18-year-old patient who presented with grade 3, high-stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Sequencing detected a single-nucleotide substitution in the TP53 gene (NM_000546.6:c.818G>A), encoding the missense substitution p.Arg273His (R273H) in both the tumor and normal tissue, consistent with a germline mutation. We discuss the biology of the TP53 gene and p53 protein, with emphasis on the R273H mutation. We also review the literature on endometrial carcinoma in patients with germline TP53 mutations.
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14
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Cui T, Shi F, Gu B, Jin Y, Guo J, Zhang C, Ren J, Yue Y. Peritumoral Enhancement for the Evaluation of Myometrial Invasion in Low-Risk Endometrial Carcinoma on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI. Front Oncol 2022; 11:793709. [PMID: 35111676 PMCID: PMC8802826 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.793709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the clinical value of subendometrial enhancement (SEE), irregular thin-layered peritumoral early enhancement (ITLPE) and focal irregular peritumoral early enhancement (FIPE) on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for myometrial invasion in patients with low-risk endometrial carcinoma. Methods Seventy-seven patients with low-risk endometrial carcinoma who preoperatively underwent DCE-MRI were included. Two radiologists independently evaluated and recorded the occurrences of SEE, ITLPE and FIPE on DCE-MRI in all patients. Interobserver agreement was calculated between the two radiologists, and the relationships between SEE, ITLPE, FIPE, and myometrial invasion were analyzed based on histologic findings. For statistically significant findings, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated, and the differences in myometrial invasion evaluations were analyzed. For those with no statistical significance, images were compared with the histopathologic sections. Results Inter-observer agreement was good (k = 0.80; 95%CI, 0.577–0.955) for SEE, and very good (k = 0.88; 95%CI, 0.761–0.972) (k = 0.86; 95%CI, 0.739–0.973) for ITLPE and FIPE. After consensus, SEE was identified in 12/77 (15.6%) patients; ITLPE and FIPE were found in 53/77 (68.8%) and 30/77 (39.0%) patients, respectively. SEE and ITLPE were significantly correlated with myometrial infiltration (P = 0.000), but FIPE were not (P = 0.725).The sensitivity and specificity of SEE and ITLPE for myometrial invasion in patients with low-risk endometrial carcinoma were 95.0 and 52.9%, and 85.0 and 88.0%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of SEE and ITLPE for myometrial invasion were 0.740 (95%CI, 0.584–0.896), and 0.866 (95%CI, 0.763–0.970), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were statistically different between SEE and ITLPE for the detection of myometrial invasion (P = 0.031, 0.016). According to the comparison between FIPE and histopathologic findings, the irregular endomyometrial junction was found in 30/77 (38.9%) cases, 24/30 (80.0%) with myometrial infiltration and 6/30 (20.0%) cases without myometrial infiltration. Conclusions FIPE was the irregular endomyometrial junction. It can be found in patients with or without myometrial infiltration and may lead to the overestimation of myometrial invasion by SEE on DCE-MRI. ITLPE presented high diagnostic performance and specificity for myometrial invasion in patients with low-risk endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cui
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Jin
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Yue
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunlong Yue,
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Lin CY, Chang CB, Wu RC, Chao A, Lee YS, Tsai CN, Chen CH, Yen CF, Tsai CL. Glucose Activates Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 through the KEAP1/p62 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121898. [PMID: 34942999 PMCID: PMC8750790 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer incidence increases annually. Several risk factors, including high glucose intake, are associated with endometrial cancer. We investigated whether glucose affects lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) expression and the responsible molecular mechanisms. A high concentration of glucose stimulated p62 phosphorylation and increased LSD1 protein expression. Knockdown of p62 or treatment with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1), casein kinase 1 (CK1), and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors abrogated glucose-regulated LSD1 expression. Unphosphorylated p62 and LSD1 formed a complex with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) and were degraded by the KEAP1-dependent proteasome. Phosphorylated p62 increased LSD1 protein expression by escaping the KEAP1 proteasome complex. LSD1 and KEAP1 interaction was enhanced in the presence of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) protein. LSD1 also participated in antioxidant gene regulation with NRF2. In diabetic mice, increasing LSD1and phospho-p62 expression was observed in uterine epithelial cells. Our results indicate that glucose induces p62 phosphorylation through mTOR, TAK1, CK1, and PKC kinases. Subsequently, phospho-p62 competitively interacts with KEAP1 and releases NRF2–LSD1 from the KEAP1 proteasome complex. Our findings may have public health implications for the prevention of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Yun Lin
- Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-B.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Chen-Bin Chang
- Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-B.C.); (A.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Angel Chao
- Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-B.C.); (A.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Neu Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang-Gung University, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Feng Yen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Lung Tsai
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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16
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Zakrzewski PK. Canonical TGFβ Signaling and Its Contribution to Endometrial Cancer Development and Progression-Underestimated Target of Anticancer Strategies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3900. [PMID: 34501347 PMCID: PMC8432036 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the leading gynecological cancers diagnosed among women in their menopausal and postmenopausal age. Despite the progress in molecular biology and medicine, no efficient and powerful diagnostic and prognostic marker is dedicated to endometrial carcinogenesis. The canonical TGFβ pathway is a pleiotropic signaling cascade orchestrating a variety of cellular and molecular processes, whose alterations are responsible for carcinogenesis that originates from different tissue types. This review covers the current knowledge concerning the canonical TGFβ pathway (Smad-dependent) induced by prototypical TGFβ isoforms and the involvement of pathway alterations in the development and progression of endometrial neoplastic lesions. Since Smad-dependent signalization governs opposed cellular processes, such as growth arrest, apoptosis, tumor cells growth and differentiation, as well as angiogenesis and metastasis, TGFβ cascade may act both as a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter. However, the final effect of TGFβ signaling on endometrial cancer cells depends on the cancer disease stage. The multifunctional role of the TGFβ pathway indicates the possible utilization of alterations in the TGFβ cascade as a potential target of novel anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr K Zakrzewski
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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17
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Straubhar AM, Parsons MW, Francis S, Gaffney D, Maurer KA. Refusal of surgery and survival outcomes in endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2021; 31:1236-1241. [PMID: 34385179 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2021-002692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine the impact refusal of surgery has on overall survival in patients with endometrial cancer. METHODS From January 2004 to December 2015, the National Cancer Database was queried for patients with pathologically proven endometrial cancer who were recommended surgery and refused. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to account for differences in baseline characteristics between patients who underwent surgery and those who refused. Kaplan-Meier analyses and doubly robust estimation with multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to analyze overall survival. RESULTS Of the 300 675 patients identified, 534 patients (0.2%) were recommended surgical treatment but refused: 18% (95/534) were age ≤40 years. The 5-year overall survival for all patients who refused surgery was significantly decreased compared with patients who underwent surgery (29.2% vs 71.9%, P<0.01). This was demonstrated at ages 41-64 years (65.5% vs 91.0%, P<0.01) and ≥65 years (23.4% vs 75.3%, P<0.01). The 5-year overall survival did not meet statistical significance at age ≤40 years (90.1% vs 87.8% P<0.19). However, there were few patients in this cohort. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with refusal of surgery included: Medicaid insurance, Black race, Hispanic Race, Charlson Comorbidity Index scores of 2 or greater, stage II or III, and if patient received external beam radiation therapy alone. Factors associated with undergoing surgery included: age greater than 41, stage IB, and if the patient received brachytherapy. CONCLUSIONS Refusal of surgery for endometrial cancer is uncommon and leads to decreased overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alli M Straubhar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Matthew W Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Samual Francis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David Gaffney
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kathryn A Maurer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Yu J, Fan Q, Li L. The MCM3AP-AS1/miR-126/VEGF axis regulates cancer cell invasion and migration in endometrioid carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:213. [PMID: 34256796 PMCID: PMC8278665 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MCM3AP-AS1 plays an oncogenic role in several malignancies, but its role in endometrioid carcinoma (EC) is unclear. This study was carried out to explore the role of MCM3AP-AS1 in EC. METHODS A total of 60 EC patients were enrolled in this study. Expression levels of MCM3AP Antisense RNA 1 (MCM3AP-AS1), microRNA-126 (miR-126), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tissues and transfetced cells were measured by RT-qPCR. Cell transfections were performed to explore the interaction among MCM3AP-AS1, miR-126 and VEGF. Transwell assays were perfromed to evaluate the invasion and migration abilities of HEC-1 cells after transfection. RESULTS MCM3AP-AS1 was upregulated in EC and predicted poor survival. MCM3AP-AS1 directly interacted with miR-126. In EC cells, overexpression of MCM3AP-AS1 and miR-126 did not significantly affect the expression of each other. In addition, overexpression of MCM3AP-AS1 increased the expression levels of VEGF, a target of miR-126. Moreover, overexpression of MCM3AP-AS1 and VEGF increased the migration and invasion rates of EC cells, while overexpression of miR-126 suppressed these cell behaviors. Overexpression of MCM3AP-AS1 attenuated the role of miR-126 in cell invasion and migration. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, MCM3AP-AS1 may serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-126 to upregulate VEGF, thereby regulating cancer cell behaviors in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Fan
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, No.5 Donghai Road Shinan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266071, People's Republic of China.
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Lange C, Machado Weber A, Schmidt R, Schroeder C, Strowitzki T, Germeyer A. Changes in protein expression due to metformin treatment and hyperinsulinemia in a human endometrial cancer cell line. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248103. [PMID: 33690729 PMCID: PMC7943011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) has increased over the past years and mainly affects women above the age of 45 years. Metabolic diseases such as obesity and type II diabetes mellitus as well as associated conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia lead to elevated levels of circulating estrogens. Increased estrogen concentrations, in turn, further trigger the proliferation of endometrial cells and thus promote EC development and progression, especially in the absence of progesterone as seen in postmenopausal women. Elevated blood glucose levels in diabetic patients further contribute to the risk of EC development. Metformin is an insulin-sensitizing biguanide drug, commonly used in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus, especially in obese patients. Besides its effects on glucose metabolism, metformin displayed anti-cancer effects in various cancer types, including EC. Direct anti-cancer effects of metformin target signaling pathways that are involved in cellular growth and proliferation, e.g. the AKT/PKB/mTOR pathway. Further proteins and pathways have been suggested as potential targets, but the underlying mechanism of action of metformin's anti-cancer activity is still not completely understood. In the present study, the effects of metformin on protein expression were investigated in the human EC cell line HEC-1A using an affinity proteomic approach. Cells were treated with 0.5 mmol/L metformin over a period of 7 days and changes in the expression pattern of 1,300 different proteins were compared to the expression in untreated control cells as well as insulin-treated cells. Insulin treatment (100 ng/mL) was incorporated into the study in order to implement a model for insulin resistance and associated hyperinsulinemia, conditions that are often observed in obese and diabetic patients. Furthermore, the culture medium was supplemented with 10 nmol/L ß-estradiol (E2) during treatments to mimic increased estrogen levels, a common risk factor for EC development. Based on the most prominent and significant changes in expression, a set of 80 proteins was selected and subjected to a more detailed analysis. The data revealed that metformin and insulin targeted similar pathways in the present study and mostly acted on proteins related to proliferation, migration and tumor immune response. These pathways may be affected in a tumor-promoting as well as a tumor-suppressing way by either metformin treatment or insulin supplementation. The consequences for the cells resulting from the detected expression changes were discussed in detail for several proteins. The presented data helps identify potential targets affected by metformin treatment in EC and allows for a better understanding of the mechanism of action of the biguanide drug's anti-cancer activity. However, further investigations are necessary to confirm the observations and conclusions drawn from the presented data after metformin administration, especially for proteins that were regulated in a favorable way, i.e. AKT3, CCND2, CD63, CD81, GFAP, IL5, IL17A, IRF4, PI3, and VTCN1. Further proteins might be of interest, where metformin counteracted unfavorable effects that have been induced by hyperinsulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lange
- Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women’s Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amanda Machado Weber
- Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women’s Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Strowitzki
- Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women’s Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ariane Germeyer
- Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women’s Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Husain S, Al Hammad RS, Alduhaysh AK, AlBatly MM, Alrikabi A. Pathological spectrum of endometrial biopsies in Saudi women with abnormal uterine bleeding: A retrospective study of 13-years. Saudi Med J 2021; 42:270-279. [PMID: 33632905 PMCID: PMC7989265 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.3.20200814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess and age stratify the types and frequencies of endometrial pathologies in Saudi women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) that underwent endometrial biopsies, at our hospital over a 13-year period. METHODS In a retrospective study, from 2006 to 2018, all endometrial biopsies from Saudi women with AUB, reported at the laboratory of King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were revisited and analyzed. The women were categorized into <40, between 40-55 and >55 years of age. RESULTS We analyzed 6458 biopsies. In <40 and 40-55 years' groups cyclical endometrium was most common followed by endometrial polyps and disordered proliferative endometrium. In the >55 years' group, atrophic endometrium was most common followed by endometrial polyps. The hyperplasias and malignancies together accounted for 7.2% of the study, majority in the >55 years' group. Simple hyperplasia without atypia was the most common (3.9%), followed by malignancies (1.9%), complex atypical hyperplasia (0.7%), complex hyperplasia without atypia (0.4%), and simple atypical hyperplasia (0.3%). CONCLUSION Awareness of the probable spectrum of endometrial histopathologies in the various ages is useful in guiding management. Endometrial biopsies are valuable in early detection of precancerous and cancerous endometrial lesions especially in women over 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufia Husain
- From the Department of Pathology (Husain, Alrikabi), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), College of Medicine (AlBatly), King Saud University; and from the Department of Pathology (Husain), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reema S. Al Hammad
- From the Department of Pathology (Husain, Alrikabi), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), College of Medicine (AlBatly), King Saud University; and from the Department of Pathology (Husain), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aljawhara K. Alduhaysh
- From the Department of Pathology (Husain, Alrikabi), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), College of Medicine (AlBatly), King Saud University; and from the Department of Pathology (Husain), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mada M. AlBatly
- From the Department of Pathology (Husain, Alrikabi), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), College of Medicine (AlBatly), King Saud University; and from the Department of Pathology (Husain), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ammar Alrikabi
- From the Department of Pathology (Husain, Alrikabi), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), College of Medicine (AlBatly), King Saud University; and from the Department of Pathology (Husain), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al Hammad), Department of Pediatrics Neurology (Alduhaysh), King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Zakrzewski PK, Forma E, Cygankiewicz AI, Bryś M, Wójcik-Krowiranda K, Bieńkiewicz A, Semczuk A, Krajewska WM. Betaglycan Gene ( TGFBR3) Polymorphism Is Associated with Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3082. [PMID: 32987826 PMCID: PMC7650668 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the betaglycan gene (TGFBR3) encoding the TGFβ co-receptor in endometrial cancer (EC) and its association with betaglycan expression. The study group included 153 women diagnosed with EC and 248 cancer-free controls. SNP genotyping and gene expression were analyzed using TaqMan probes. Three out of the eight SNPs tested, i.e., rs12566180 (CT; OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.15-4.30; p = 0.0177), rs6680463 (GC; OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.20-4.53; p = 0.0120) and rs2296621 (TT; OR = 6.40; 95% CI = 1.18-34.84; p = 0.0317) were found to be significantly associated with increased risk of EC (adjusted to age, body mass index, menarche and parity). Among the analyzed SNPs, only rs2296621 demonstrated the impact on the increased cancer aggressiveness evaluated by the WHO grading system (G3 vs. G1/2, GT-OR = 4.04; 95% CI = 1.56-10.51; p = 0.0026; T-OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.16-4.85; p = 0.0151). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed high LD (r2 ≥ 0.8) in two haploblocks, constructed by rs2770186/rs12141128 and rs12566180/rs6680463, respectively. In the case of C/C haplotype (OR = 4.82; 95% CI = 1.54-15.07; p = 0.0116-Bonferroni corrected) and T/G haplotype (OR = 3.25; 95% CI = 1.29-8.15; p = 0.0328-Bonferroni corrected) in haploblock rs12566180/rs6680463, significantly higher frequency was observed in patients with EC as compared to the control group. The genotype-phenotype studies showed that SNPs of the TGFBR3 gene associated with an increased risk of EC, i.e., rs12566180 and rs2296621 may affect betaglycan expression at the transcriptomic level (rs12566180-CC vs. TT, p < 0.01; rs2296621-GG vs. TT, p < 0.001, GT vs. TT, p < 0.05). Functional consequences of evaluated TGFBR3 gene SNPs were supported by RegulomeDB search. In conclusion, polymorphism of the TGFBR3 gene may be associated with an increased EC occurrence, as well as may be the molecular mechanism responsible for observed betaglycan down-regulation in EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr K. Zakrzewski
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.F.); (A.I.C.); (M.B.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Ewa Forma
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.F.); (A.I.C.); (M.B.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Adam I. Cygankiewicz
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.F.); (A.I.C.); (M.B.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Bryś
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.F.); (A.I.C.); (M.B.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Krowiranda
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Lodz, Poland; (K.W.-K.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Bieńkiewicz
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Lodz, Poland; (K.W.-K.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Semczuk
- IInd Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Wanda M. Krajewska
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.F.); (A.I.C.); (M.B.); (W.M.K.)
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Rekhi B, Menon S, Deodhar KK, Ghosh J, Chopra S, Maheshwari A. Clinicopathological features of 50 mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient endometrial carcinomas, tested by immunohistochemistry: A single institutional feasibility study, India. Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 47:151558. [PMID: 32619922 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There are few comprehensive studies from Asia on clinicopathologic features of mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient endometrial carcinomas, including rarely from our country. One hundred and four cases of endometrial carcinomas were tested for four MMR proteins by immunohistochemistry. Among 50 MMR-deficient (MMRd) tumors(48%), age-range was 27-68 years(median = 53) and tumor size(n = 34) varied from 1.2-10 cm(average = 4.6). Lower uterine segment(LUS) was involved in 21/31 cases(67.7%). Histopathologically, all cases were endometrioid adenocarcinomas(EMACs), of FIGO grade 2(low-grade)(18 cases) and 3(high-grade)(32 cases), displaying de-differentiated, undifferentiated and lymphoepithelioma(LE)-like patterns, in 24 cases(48%). Tumor infiltration ≥ half of myometrium was seen in 30/44 cases (68.1%); lymphovascular emboli in 19/43 cases(44.1%); and lymph node metastasis in 7/22(31.8%) cases. Uncommonly, clear cell component(n = 2) and focal neuroendocrine differentiation (n = 2) were observed. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells showed paired loss of MLH1 and PMS2 in 33(66%) and MSH2 and MSH6 in 14(28%) cases, along with loss of MSH2 and PMS2, in two and a single case, respectively. Nine patients(18%) were treated for another cancer and 9/33(27.2%) disclosed familial history of cancer. MSH2 was the most frequently lost MMR protein in those cases. Additionally, tumor cells displayed ER positivity in 41/50 cases(82%), PR in 38/41cases(92.6%) and wild-type p53 staining in 24/28 cases(85.7%). Tumor with LE-pattern showed PDLI immunoexpression. Certain clinicopathologic features suggestive for MMRd associated ECs, such as relatively large-sized tumors, involving LUS; especially high-grade, infiltrative EMACs, with undifferentiated/de-differentiated, and LE-like patterns; showing deep muscle invasion, frequent PR immunoexpression and invariably, wild-type p53 immunostaining can be useful in screening cases of Lynch syndrome. This constitutes the first report on these tumors from our country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Rekhi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI University, Mumbai, India.
| | - Santosh Menon
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI University, Mumbai, India
| | - Kedar K Deodhar
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI University, Mumbai, India
| | - Jaya Ghosh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI University, Mumbai, India
| | - Supriya Chopra
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Gynecology), Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI University, Mumbai, India
| | - Amita Maheshwari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI University, Mumbai, India
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Abstract
Recent advances in molecular studies, especially genome-wide analyses, have revealed the landscape of genomic alterations present in endometrial carcinomas, and have provided valuable insight into the pathogenesis of this disease. The current challenges are in developing a molecular-morphologic classification system to enhance traditional pathologic diagnosis and in determining the optimal approach to using this new information to guide clinical management. Molecular assays may be particularly beneficial in allowing the earlier detection of endometrial cancer or precursor lesions and in guiding personalized treatment approaches. In this review, we describe the current molecular landscape of endometrial cancers, efforts underway to incorporate molecular alterations into the current classification systems, and the development of diagnostic tools for the early detection of endometrial cancer. Finally, we present opportunities for using these data to tailor therapeutic strategies. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular alterations responsible for the origination, relapse, and resistance patterns of this disease will ultimately improve outcomes for patients with endometrial cancer.
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Ahsan BU, Alhamar M, Hogan KM, Schultz D, Zuchelli T, Zhang Z. Endometrial clear cell carcinoma with metastasis to the common hepatic duct: A rare aetiology of obstructive jaundice, diagnosed by biliary cytology brushing specimen. Cytopathology 2020; 31:240-242. [PMID: 32049406 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beena U Ahsan
- Department of Pathology & laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mohamed Alhamar
- Department of Pathology & laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn M Hogan
- Department of Pathology & laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Schultz
- Department of Pathology & laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tobias Zuchelli
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ziying Zhang
- Department of Pathology & laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Taraboanta C, Britton H, Plotkin A, Azordegan N, Clement PB, Gilks CB. Performance Characteristics of Endometrial Sampling in Diagnosis of Endometrial Carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2020; 39:19-25. [PMID: 31815891 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Outpatient endometrial biopsy can give false-negative results, with a 0.9% reported posttest probability for endometrial carcinoma (EC) after a negative result. Our objective was to determine if there has been any improvement in the performance characteristics of endometrial biopsy over the last 15 yr. All hysterectomy specimens with a diagnosis of EC or atypical hyperplasia (AH), reported between May 2011 and May 2015, were identified and cross-referenced for any negative endometrial sampling results during the 5 yr before hysterectomy. Negative endometrial samples were defined as either benign findings or insufficient/nondiagnostic, excluding those diagnosed as AH or EC and those for which follow-up sampling was recommended because of atypia. Of 1677 hysterectomy specimens showing AH or EC there were previous negative biopsies in 172: 116 benign and 56 insufficient/nondiagnostic. Over the same period 22,875 negative endometrial biopsy specimens were reported in our region. The posttest probability of having EC or AH in the hysterectomy specimen, given a negative endometrial biopsy result, was 0.74%. In a subset of 90 cases in which a negative biopsy was followed by a diagnosis of AH or EC in a hysterectomy specimen, the slides were independently reviewed. There were no cases where a diagnosis of carcinoma was missed. In 12 samples atypia or possible atypia was identified, and the level of agreement with the original diagnosis was excellent κ=0.83±0.05. In a prospective comparison of examination of 3 levels from each block versus a single slide in 319 cases, the routine preparation of additional slides did not yield clinically significant information. Although there has been evolution in the diagnostic criteria for AH and for recognition of morphologically subtle forms of AH or EC, our results demonstrate a significant lack of sensitivity of outpatient endometrial sampling in the diagnosis of endometrial malignancy/premalignancy. The sensitivity problems are mainly attributable to failure to sample abnormal endometrium. Independent review of slides or examination of additional levels did little to increase the diagnostic yield.
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Case-control study of endogenous sex steroid hormones and risk of endometrial cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 31:161-171. [PMID: 31865473 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic evidence regarding the role of endogenous sex hormones in endometrial cancer etiology remains inconsistent. The objective of this study was to investigate if circulating levels of endogenous estrone, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, and androstenedione are associated with endometrial cancer risk. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study of 522 incident endometrial cancer cases and 976 population controls, in Alberta, Canada from 2002 to 2006. Study participants completed in-person interviews and provided fasting blood samples. Sex hormone levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Higher levels of androstenedione were associated with increased endometrial cancer risk (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.04-2.02). Endometrial cancer risk in pre- and peri-menopausal women was reduced for the highest versus lowest quartiles of estrone (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.88) and estradiol (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14-0.65), but in post-menopausal women, the endometrial cancer risk was increased for the highest versus lowest quartile of androstenedione (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.25-2.65). In addition, endometrial cancer risk in normal/underweight women was decreased for the highest versus lowest quartile of serum SHBG (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19-0.84). CONCLUSIONS Overall, positive associations were found for androstenedione concentrations, while sub-group analyses revealed = inverse associations with estrogens and SHBG. Results of this study provide empirical evidence for the role of circulating sex hormones in endometrial cancer etiology and highlight the importance of modifiable factors that contribute to changes in sex hormone concentration levels.
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Wang Y, Dong L, Liu Y. Targeting Thyroid Receptor Interacting Protein 6 by MicroRNA-589-5p Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Endometrial Carcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:529-536. [PMID: 31424277 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNA-589-5p (miR-589-5p) has been recently reported to be aberrantly regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, but its functional role and molecular mechanisms still remains unknown in the endometrial carcinoma (EC) as one of the most common female malignancies. Methods: EC tissues and adjacent tissues were collected to determine the expression of miR-589-5p and thyroid receptor interacting protein 6 (TRIP6) using quantitative real time-PCR. Subsequently, two EC cell lines HEC-1B and AN3CA were transfected with miR-589-5p to achieve miR-589-5p overexpression. Using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), a wound healing assay and the Transwell assay, we analyzed cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that thyroid receptor interacting protein 6 (TRIP6) was a direct target of miR-589-5p. Results: We first observed that miR-589-5p was down-regulated in EC tissues compared with normal endometrial tissues. MiR-589-5p overexpression significantly suppressed EC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Thyroid receptor interacting protein 6 (TRIP6) was a direct target of miR-589-5p. Besides, TRIP6 knockdown presented similar effects on cell proliferation, migration and invasion to miR-589-5p overexpression. Furthermore, TRIP6 knockdown efficiently enhanced the effects of miR-589-5p on the above cellular function. Moreover, miR-589-5p up-regulated E-cadherin expression, but down-regulated N-cadherin and Vimentin by targeting TRIP6. Conclusions: In summary, miR-589-5p might function as a tumor suppressor by targeting TRIP6, which will provide new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the development of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefang Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, People's Hospital of Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Liwei Dong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, People's Hospital of Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Dezhou, Shandong, China
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Yang X, Wang J. The Role of Metabolic Syndrome in Endometrial Cancer: A Review. Front Oncol 2019; 9:744. [PMID: 31440472 PMCID: PMC6694738 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. Although surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy can significantly improve the survival of patients, the treatment of patients with very early lesions and a strong desire to retain reproductive function or late recurrence is still in the early stages. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering of at least three of the five following medical conditions: central obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Obesity, diabetes and hypertension often coexist in patients with endometrial cancer, which increases the risk of endometrial cancer, also known as the "triple syndrome of endometrial cancer." In recent years, epidemiological and clinical studies have found that MS associated with metabolic diseases is closely related to the incidence of endometrial cancer. However, the key molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of endometrial cancer by MS have not been elucidated to date. Characterizing the tumor metabolism microenvironment will be advantageous for achieving a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanism of metabolic syndrome associated with endometrial cancer and for providing a new target for the treatment of endometrial cancer. This review focuses on recent advances in determining the role of metabolic syndrome-related factors and mechanisms in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. We suggest that interfering with the tumor metabolic microenvironment-related molecular signals may inhibit the occurrence of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianliu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ojamaa K, Veerus P, Baburin A, Everaus H, Innos K. Increasing incidence and survival of corpus uteri cancer in Estonia over the past two decades. Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 62:101566. [PMID: 31326850 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corpus uteri cancer has become the fourth most common female cancer in Europe. In Estonia, the prevalence of obesity is increasing, and corpus uteri cancer survival has been relatively low. The aim of the study was to evaluate incidence, mortality and survival trends of corpus uteri cancer in Estonia by age, stage and histological subtypes with an emphasis on surgical treatment. METHODS Estonian Cancer Registry data on incident cases of corpus uteri cancer were used to examine incidence trends (1995-2016) and calculate relative survival ratios (RSR) (1996-2016). Cases were classified by morphology and FIGO stage. Causes of Death Registry data were used to analyse corrected mortality (1995-2017). RESULTS A total of 4281 cases were diagnosed in 1996-2016. A significant increase was seen in age-standardized incidence from 2009, while mortality remained stable throughout the study period. Significant increases were observed for type I cancers and age groups ≥65 years. Overall age-standardized 5-year RSR improved from 70% in 1996-2002 to 78% in 2010-2016. Survival increased for type I cancers, all age groups and all stages (significantly for stage IV). The proportion of surgically treated cases increased significantly from 85% to 89%, with the largest increases seen in older age groups and later stages. DISCUSSION The rising corpus uteri cancer incidence in Estonia is driven by the type I cancer trend. Survival gain for later stages and older age groups likely reflected more frequent surgical treatment. To reduce mortality, further efforts are necessary to ensure appropriate care for all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Ojamaa
- East Tallinn Central Hospital, Oncology Center, Ravi St 18, 10138 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Piret Veerus
- National Institute for Health Development, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hiiu St 42, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia; West Tallinn Central Hospital, Womens' Clinic, Paldiski St 68, 10617 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Aleksei Baburin
- National Institute for Health Development, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hiiu St 42, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Hele Everaus
- Tartu University Hospital, Haematology and Oncology Clinic, L. Puusepa St 1A, 50406 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kaire Innos
- National Institute for Health Development, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hiiu St 42, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia.
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Gompel A, Ramirez I, Bitzer J. Contraception in cancer survivors - an expert review Part I. Breast and gynaecological cancers. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2019; 24:167-174. [PMID: 31033361 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2019.1602721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The efficacy of treatment for many cancers has increased dramatically in recent decades and there are a growing number of cancer survivors who need effective contraception. In this paper, a group of experts from the European Society of Contraception set out to define the most frequent cancers in women and summarise the guidelines, reviews and studies that provide information and guidance on contraception for each cancer. Methods: Epidemiological studies were analysed to determine the frequency of cancers in women of reproductive age. A narrative review was performed for each cancer, collecting data about the treatment of the disease, its impact on fertility, and the efficacy, health risks, possible benefits and contraindications of the contraceptive methods available. The recommendations were then summarised. Results: Owing to a large amount of information, the results are presented in two parts. Part 1 includes contraception after breast and gynaecological cancers. Part 2 summarises the findings and recommendations regarding contraception in women with skin, gastrointestinal, haematological and endocrine cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gompel
- a Department of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine , Paris Descartes University , Paris , France
| | - Isabel Ramirez
- b Sexual and Reproductive Health Service , UGC Dr Cayetano Roldan San Fernando Health Centre , Cadiz , Spain
| | - Johannes Bitzer
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Basel University Hospital , Basel , Switzerland
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Song Y, Chen QT, He QQ. Identification of key transcription factors in endometrial cancer by systems bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15443-15454. [PMID: 31037767 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide. Although many studies have been performed on EC, a systems analysis between transcription factors (TFs) and EC relationship remains poorly characterized. Here, we present a systems bioinformatics analysis of TFs in EC patient samples to identify key TFs in EC. First, dysregulated and survival-related TFs were identified in EC using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus. Second, we investigated the mechanisms of dysregulated TFs and tested whether their expression is correlated with prognosis of EC. Finally, we addressed new perspectives in EC biomarker research, including comprehensive knowledge of previously suggested candidate biomarkers in conjunction with novel mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies with enhanced sensitivity and specificity not yet applied to EC studies, enabling a directed clinical perspective of the study design. Our study identified three promising TFs, E2F1, HMGA1, and PGR, which closely correlate with EC. Although treatments targeting TFs are not always efficient, these TFs may be useful as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of EC. Furthermore, we found that these dysregulated TFs and their target genes are primarily involved in the cell cycle and may promote endometrial carcinoma occurrence and development. Using integrated bioinformatic analysis, we identified candidate genes and pathways in EC, which could improve our understanding of the etiology and underlying molecular events of EC. Furthermore, these candidate genes and pathways could be therapeutic targets for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Song
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu-Tong Chen
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Qiang He
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Pacelli J, Gosset M, Rossi L, Ngo C, Delomenie M, Nos C, Lécuru F, Bats AS. [Prophylactic hysterectomy in Lynch syndrome: Feasibility and outcomes]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 47:497-503. [PMID: 31003015 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary predisposition to cancers, first of all, colo-rectal and endometrial cancers in women. Although recommended, gynecologic screening has never proven its benefit. Prophylactic surgery can be considered once the parental project is completed. There are few data regarding the assessment of prophylactic surgery. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the feasibility and morbidity of prophylactic hysterectomy in patients with Lynch syndrome. METHODS This is a descriptive retrospective study of consecutive patients with LS undergoing prophylactic hysterectomy at the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital from 2002 to 2016. We collected demographic characteristics, results of preoperative assessment, intra- and postoperative data, final pathologic result as well as postoperative follow-up data. RESULTS Forty patients were included in the study, and seventeen women had a history of colon cancer surgery. All hysterectomies were performed by laparoscopy, with two cases of laparoconversion. Two intraoperative complications occurred: serosal small bowel injuries and superficial bladder injury. Two early postoperative complications occurred (a peritonitis on small bowel perforation and a peritonitis on left ureteral injury) and two late complications (vesico-vaginal fistula and adhesive small bowel obstruction). All operative specimens were benign. With a median follow-up of 28 months [5-52], no patient had peritoneal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that prophylactic hysterectomy in Lynch syndrome should be done with caution. Per and postoperative complication rates appear to be higher than in general population, probably related to a more frequent history of colorectal cancer. However, total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy appears to be an effective strategy for preventing gynecological cancers in women with the Lynch syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pacelli
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm UMR-S 747, université Paris-Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - M Gosset
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - L Rossi
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - C Ngo
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - M Delomenie
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - C Nos
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - F Lécuru
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - A-S Bats
- Chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm UMR-S 747, université Paris-Descartes, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France.
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Suhaimi SS, Ab Mutalib NS, Khor SS, Zain RRM, Syafruddin SE, Abu N, Mohd Dali AZH, Jamal R. Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies Actionable Targets in Estrogen Receptor Positive and Estrogen Receptor Negative Endometriod Endometrial Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:750. [PMID: 30057548 PMCID: PMC6053487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) is the commonest form of endometrial cancer and can be divided into estrogen receptor (ER) positive and negative subtypes. The mutational profiles of EEC have been shown to aid in tailoring treatment; however, little is known about the differences between the gene mutation profiles between these two subtypes. This study aims to investigate the gene mutation profile in ER positive and negative EEC, and to further elucidate the role of WHSC1 mutations in this cancer. EEC and normal endometrial tissues were obtained from 29 patients and subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) using Ion Ampliseq Comprehensive Cancer PanelTM targeting 409 cancer related. A total of 741 non-synonymous alterations were identified from 272 genes in ER positive subtype while 448 non-synonymous variants were identified from 221 genes in ER negative subtype. PTEN is the most frequently altered gene in ER positive subtype (64%, 7/11) while ARID1A is the most frequently altered gene in ER negative subtype (50%, 4/8). We also identified alterations in ERRB3 (36%, 4/11), GNAS (36%, 4/11), and WHSC1 (27%, 3/11) in the ER positive subtype. WHSC1 R1126H and L1268P were shown to significantly increase cell viability, proliferation, migration, and survival. In addition, reduction in ER expression sensitized EEC-1 cell with WHSC1 L1268P mutant to Fulvestrant treatment. We revealed the mutational spectra of ER positive and ER negative EEC that could lead to better understanding of the biological mechanisms of endometrial cancer and may ultimately result in improvement of treatment options and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Syazani Suhaimi
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Reena Rahayu Md Zain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zailani Hatta Mohd Dali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Castaneda N. Sonographic Presentation of Endometrial Carcinoma Stage I: A Case Study. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/8756479318766862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the female reproductive tract, mainly affecting women in their postmenopausal years. Although rare, it can also present in premenopausal women. The most common clinical presentation is episodes of abnormal uterine bleeding. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and sonography are imaging modalities used to detect endometrial carcinoma. However, a conclusive diagnosis is made through endometrial biopsy. A case is reported of endometrial distension with endometrial carcinoma and cervical stenosis listed as differentials and originally detected through CT. Sonographic assessment showed an irregular thickened endometrium and an endometrial cavity containing fluid with low-level echoes and areas of polypoid mass-like tissue. Based on these findings, the patient underwent an endometrial biopsy that provided confirmation of endometrioid adenocarcinoma (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] Stage 1).
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Conservative management of endometrial cancer: a survey amongst European clinicians. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 298:373-380. [PMID: 29943129 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate differences and similarities in the clinical approach of young clinicians managing women with endometrial cancer (EC) conservatively. METHODS A web-based survey was carried out. A platform of the European Network of Young Gynaecological Oncologists (ENYGO) database was used. A 38-item multiple-choice questionnaire was used to evaluate current practice in fertility-sparing management of EC. The survey covered investigations, treatment options, follow-up and management of recurrence and future family planning. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS Overall, 116 out of 650 (17.84%) ENYGO members responded to the survey. In 92 (79.3%) centres, the caseload of early stage EC treated conservatively was less than 10 per year. One hundred and seven responders (93.8%) believe that treatment with progestins could be offered in grade 1 EC without myometrial invasion, but a minority would recommend it even for grade 2 tumours with no myometrial invasion or grade 1 with superficial invasion. The diagnostic tool for establishing grade of tumour was hysteroscopy with dilatation and curettage in 64 (55%) centres. Medroxyprogesterone acetate represents the most commonly prescribed progestogen (55, 47.4%). In 78 (67.2%) centres, a repeat endometrial biopsy was offered after 3 months of treatment commencement. Recurrences are treated mostly with hysterectomy (81, 69.9%) with only a small number of responders recommending to repeat progestin treatment. Lynch syndrome is a contraindication for conservative management in half of the responders (57, 49.1%). Most clinicians agree that patients should be referred promptly for assisted reproductive techniques once complete response has been achieved (68, 58.6%). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that conservative management is increasingly offered to women affected by early stage EC wishing to preserve their fertility. Further studies and joint registries are required to evaluate safety and effectiveness of this approach in this probably growing number of patients.
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Berger NA. Young Adult Cancer: Influence of the Obesity Pandemic. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:641-650. [PMID: 29570247 PMCID: PMC5868416 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to review the association of the obesity pandemic with appearance of cancers in young adults under age 50 and to define potential mechanisms by which obesity may accelerate the development of malignancy. METHODS A comprehensive narrative review was performed to integrate preclinical, clinical, and epidemiologic evidence describing the association of obesity with cancer in young adults based on a search of PubMed and Google databases. RESULTS Results from more than 100 publications are summarized. Although they differ in age groups analyzed and incidence of obesity, sufficient data exists to suggest an influence of the obesity pandemic on the increase of cancer among young adults. CONCLUSIONS Cancer in young adults is occurring with increasing frequency. Overweight and obesity have become major public health issues reaching pandemic proportions. Excess weight is associated with increased cancer risk, morbidity, and mortality. Multiple murine models indicate that obesity not only increases cancer incidence but also accelerates its development. Thus, the possibility exists that overweight and obesity may be contributing to the appearance of specific malignancies at younger ages. This prospect, in association with the worldwide expansion of obesity, suggests an impending explosive increase in obesity-associated cancers in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Berger
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, Genetics & Genome Sciences, Center for Science, Health, and Society, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Hysterectomy-corrected rates of endometrial cancer among women younger than age 50 in the United States. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:427-433. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Jia P, Zhang Y. Ovarian preservation improves overall survival in young patients with early-stage endometrial cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59940-59949. [PMID: 28938695 PMCID: PMC5601791 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, the Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Full-text Database, the Chinese Journal Full-text Database, and the Wanfang Database to collect observational studies on the effects of ovary-saving surgery in comparison to bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) in young patients with early-stage endometrial cancer (EC). The literature search included studies up to March 2017, and 10 retrospective cohort studies met our selection criteria. Random and fixed effect models revealed that ovarian preservation (OP) was associated with better overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57–0.99, P = 0.044), and was not associated with reduced recurrence-free survival (RFS) in pre-menopausal patients with early-stage endometrial cancer (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.32–4.72, P = 0.648; risk ratio [RR] 1.11, 95% CI 0.59–2.10, P = 0.745). Preservation of the ovaries appears to be a safe option with significant benefit for this low risk population after a thorough preoperative evaluation and extensive intraoperative exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Successful treatment of low-grade endometrial cancer in premenopausal women with an aromatase inhibitor after failure with oral or intrauterine progesterone. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2017; 21:10-12. [PMID: 28560298 PMCID: PMC5443923 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Young women with endometrial intraepithelial hyperplasia or low-grade endometrial carcinoma are potential candidates for conservative fertility sparing therapy utilizing progesterone rather than hysterectomy. High-dose progesterone treatment is associated with 55–80% initial response but high relapse rates. Using aromatase inhibitors in conjunction with high-dose progesterone has largely been unstudied. Case descriptions: Three obese premenopausal women with endometrial cancer failed to respond to oral or intrauterine progesterone as first line therapy. Due to their desire to continue to pursue fertility sparing treatment options, an aromatase inhibitor was added to their treatment regimen. This resulted in resolution of their malignancy in each case. Discussion: In obese premenopausal women, the mechanism of malignant transformation in endometrial carcinoma is considered to be an association with relatively high levels of serum estrogen from peripheral conversion of androgens to estrone in adipose tissue with a deficiency in progesterone exposure due to chronic anovulation. Using aromatase inhibitors seems reasonable as an adjunct to progesterone given the high likelihood that this population has a significant proportion of their estrogen production coming from peripheral conversion in adipose tissue. This case series is unique in that each woman initially failed to respond to progesterone but had resolution when an aromatase inhibitor was added to their treatment regimen. This would suggest that obese women with low grade malignancy or hyperplasia who have no radiographic evidence of deep myometrial invasion, ovarian or retroperitoneal metastases and who wish to retain their fertility may be treated with intrauterine progesterone and an aromatase inhibitor. Nearly 1/5 women with Endometrial Cancer are of reproductive age. Progesterone is reasonable treatment for women desiring fertility preservation. Aromatase inhibitors added to progesterone therapy can result in EC resolution.
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Mirabolghasemi G, Kamyab Z. Changes of The Uterine Tissue in Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced by Estradiol Valerate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2016; 11:47-55. [PMID: 28367305 PMCID: PMC5215711 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2016.4794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal
disorders that can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and hyperandrogenism. Reduced
levels of progesterone and increased estrogen in these women can perpetually stimulate
the endometrial tissue of the uterus. In this study, we assess the effect of PCOS induction
by estradiol valerate (EV) in a rat model. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, adult female Wistar rats that weighed
approximately 200 g were divided into control, sham, and experimental groups (n=6 per
group). The experimental group received subcutaneous injections of 2 mg EV for induction
of PCOS. We confirmed the presence of PCOS in the experimental group rats. Rats from all
groups were subsequently killed, after which their uteri were removed and fixed for histological and cytological analyses. The uterine tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin
and eosin (H&E) and iron hematoxylin (iron-H). We examined epithelium height, thickness
of the uterus wall, and frequency of the mitotic cells. The data were assessed at α=0.05. Results Uterine tissue findings from the experimental group showed significant increases
in the height of the uterus luminal epithelium, the thickness of the uterus wall, and the frequency of eosinophils in the endometrial stroma. We observed an increased frequency of
mitotic cells in the experimental group in both luminal and glandular epithelia of the uterus.
An increased rate of the glandular epithelium region was noticeable and significant. Conclusion Induction of PCOS by EV could change the proliferation rate in the endo-
metrial tissue of the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadire Mirabolghasemi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kamyab
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Suhaimi SS, Ab Mutalib NS, Jamal R. Understanding Molecular Landscape of Endometrial Cancer through Next Generation Sequencing: What We Have Learned so Far? Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:409. [PMID: 27847479 PMCID: PMC5088199 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is among the most common gynecological cancers affecting women worldwide. Despite the early detection and rather high overall survival rate, around 20% of the cases recur with poor prognosis. The Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology, also known as massively parallel sequencing, symbolizes a high-throughput, fast, sensitive and accurate way to study the molecular landscape of a cancer and this has indeed revolutionized endometrial cancer research. Understanding the potential, advantages, and limitations of NGS will be crucial for the healthcare providers and scientists in providing the genome-driven care in this era of precision medicine and pharmacogenomics. This mini review aimed to compile and critically summarize the recent findings contributed by NGS technology pertaining to EC. Importantly, we also discussed the potential of this technology for fundamental discovery research, individualized therapy, screening of at-risk individual and early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti-Syazani Suhaimi
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Cheras, Malaysia
| | | | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Cheras, Malaysia
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Nanni GS, Cohen DJ. Decidualized Endometriosis. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/8756479316662642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Decidualized endometriosis is a benign condition associated with ectopic endometrial tissue that has undergone a decidual reaction during pregnancy. A case is presented of a 31-year-old female who presented to an imaging center for a follow-up sonogram after experiencing one episode of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. A solid, highly vascular mass, with irregular borders, was seen that was not present in the sonogram two weeks prior. The mass was later revealed to be decidualized endometriosis. This is a rare condition that lacks extensive reporting in the literature. The case demonstrates a particularly odd location for this disease, in between the uterus and bladder. With multiple sonograms, it was difficult to ascertain the host of the mass. Due to the extent of vascularity within this structure, malignancy had to be considered, which led to a referral for additional testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth S. Nanni
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Scotch Plains, NJ, USA
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de Barros Machado A, Dos Reis V, Weber S, Jauckus J, Brum IS, von Eye Corleta H, Strowitzki T, Capp E, Germeyer A. Proliferation and metastatic potential of endometrial cancer cells in response to metformin treatment in a high versus normal glucose environment. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3626-3632. [PMID: 27900046 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve our understanding of the potential preventive and therapeutic role of metformin, the present study aimed to investigate the capability of low-dose metformin in the efficient inhibition of cancer development and the reduction of the metastasis of endometrial adenocarcinoma type I and primary endometrial epithelial cells (eEPs), with the drug acting as a treatment in a hyperinsulinemic environment exposed to high and normal glucose conditions. The Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line and primary eEPs were exposed to an environment with high (17 mM) or normal glucose (5 mM) and treated with insulin, low-dose metformin (0.1 mM) or a combined treatment. Metastatic potential was assessed by migration and invasion assays, and relative cell proliferation was determined. Metformin at a low dose potently inhibited the insulin action, decreasing the ability of the endometrial cancer (EC) cell line to migrate and invade in a high and normal glucose environment, and decreasing the migration ability of the primary eEPs. In the EC cell line, the insulin treatment increased the proliferation, without any subsequent reduction of proliferation by the addition of 0.1 mM metformin; however, relative cell proliferation sensitivity to metformin was observed in the range between 1 and 5 mM regardless of the glucose concentration present. Overall, metformin at 0.1 mM is not efficient enough to decrease the proliferation in an EC cell line. However, at this concentration, metformin can inhibit the insulin action in endometrial epithelial cancer cells, demonstrating an anti-metastatic effect in high and normal glucose environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Barros Machado
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrine Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Obstetrics and Gynecology, Experimental Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vania Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrine Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Obstetrics and Gynecology, Experimental Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Sebastian Weber
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Jauckus
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilma Simoni Brum
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrine Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Obstetrics and Gynecology, Experimental Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Helena von Eye Corleta
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrine Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Obstetrics and Gynecology, Experimental Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Thomas Strowitzki
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edison Capp
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrine Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Obstetrics and Gynecology, Experimental Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil; Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ariane Germeyer
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Pathogenèse du cancer de l’endomètre de type I : de l’hyperplasie au cancer. IMAGERIE DE LA FEMME 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.femme.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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The Significance of Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Young Patients With Endometrial Cancer. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2016; 34:403-10. [PMID: 26262451 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the tumor characteristics associated with mismatch repair deficiency in young patients with endometrial carcinoma. Young patients (45 yr old or younger) with endometrial carcinoma treated by hysterectomy in our institution between July 2001 and June 2009 were identified. The clinical and pathologic data were obtained by review of clinical records. Among the 122 cases identified, paraffin sections were available in 67 cases for immunohistochemical staining and frozen tissue available in 62 cases for microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis. Both paraffin sections and frozen tissue were available in 36 cases. Among the 67 cases with immunohistochemical staining, 22 (32.8%) showed loss of expression of at least 1 mismatch repair protein. Defective MLH1 or MSH2 expression was associated with poor prognostic factors, including a higher incidence of pelvic lymph nodes metastasis (P=0.018) and higher stage (P=0.022) for MLH1, and an increased risk of lymphovascular permeation (P=0.015) for MSH2. On the contrary, defective MSH6 protein expression was associated with a lower incidence of high-grade tumors (P=0.04). Among the 62 cases with MSI analysis, 12 (19.4%) tumors were classified as microsatellite-high (MSI-H), whereas 2 (3.2%) were classified as microsatellite-low (MSI-L). There was no difference in the pathologic characteristics between MSI-stable and MSI-H tumor. We concluded that defective mismatch repair expression is important in young patients with endometrial carcinoma, with MSH6 protein being most commonly affected. The phenotype resulting from defective MSH6 expression was different from that caused by MLH1 or MSH2 loss.
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Histopathological Prognostic Factors for Endometrial Carcinoma. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2016; 42:139-144. [PMID: 30568824 PMCID: PMC6256159 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.42.02.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence and the relationship between prognostic factors (age at diagnosis, pTNM stage, histological grade, lymph vascular and myometrium invasion) in patients with endometrial carcinoma. We evaluated in terms of diagnosis 50 cases of endometrial carcinomas that were hospitalized during 2011-2014 in the Obstetrics, Gynecology and Surgery clinics of the Emergency County Hospital Craiova. The procedure consisted in fixation in 10% buffered formalin, followed by processing with usual technique of paraffin embedding and finally staining in hematoxylin and eosin. The histological analysis of the 50 endometrial carcinomas revealed well-differentiated carcinomas (G1) in 24 cases (48%), moderately differentiated carcinomas (G2) in 17 cases (34%) and poorly differentiated carcinomas (G3) in further 9 cases (18%).The myometrium invasion was present in the internal half of the myometrium in 12 internal cases (24%) and in the external half of myometrium in further 36 cases (72%). In 2 cases (4%) the myometrium invasion was absent. We achieved significant association between histological grade and invasion of myometrium, also between histological grade and lymphovascular invasion, as well as tumor stage and myometrium invasion. We are also able to report significant association between lymphovascular invasion and tumor stage or tumor stage and presence of lymph nodes. The results of this study emphasize the importance of pathological parameters as prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma.
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Colombo N, Creutzberg C, Amant F, Bosse T, González-Martín A, Ledermann J, Marth C, Nout R, Querleu D, Mirza MR, Sessa C. ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO Consensus Conference on Endometrial Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-up. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2016; 26:2-30. [PMID: 26645990 PMCID: PMC4679344 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The first joint European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), European SocieTy for Radiotherapy & Oncology (ESTRO) and European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) consensus conference on endometrial cancer was held on 11-13 December 2014 in Milan, Italy, and comprised a multidisciplinary panel of 40 leading experts in the management of endometrial cancer. Before the conference, the expert panel prepared three clinically-relevant questions about endometrial cancer relating to the following four areas: prevention and screening, surgery, adjuvant treatment and advanced and recurrent disease. All relevant scientific literature, as identified by the experts, was reviewed in advance. During the consensus conference, the panel developed recommendations for each specific question and a consensus was reached. Results of this consensus conference, together with a summary of evidence supporting each recommendation, are detailed in this article. All participants have approved this final article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Colombo
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Carien Creutzberg
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Amant
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Antonio González-Martín
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Ledermann
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Christian Marth
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Remi Nout
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Denis Querleu
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mansoor Raza Mirza
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Cristiana Sessa
- *Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; †Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; §Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ∥Medical Oncology Department, GEICO and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; **Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; ††Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ‡‡Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and §§Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Colombo N, Creutzberg C, Amant F, Bosse T, González-Martín A, Ledermann J, Marth C, Nout R, Querleu D, Mirza MR, Sessa C, Altundag O, Amant F, van Leeuwenhoek A, Banerjee S, Bosse T, Casado A, de Agustín L, Cibula D, Colombo N, Creutzberg C, del Campo JM, Emons G, Goffin F, González-Martín A, Greggi S, Haie-Meder C, Katsaros D, Kesic V, Kurzeder C, Lax S, Lécuru F, Ledermann J, Levy T, Lorusso D, Mäenpää J, Marth C, Matias-Guiu X, Morice P, Nijman H, Nout R, Powell M, Querleu D, Mirza M, Reed N, Rodolakis A, Salvesen H, Sehouli J, Sessa C, Taylor A, Westermann A, Zeimet A. ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO Consensus Conference on Endometrial Cancer: diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2015; 27:16-41. [PMID: 26634381 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The first joint European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), European SocieTy for Radiotherapy & Oncology (ESTRO) and European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) consensus conference on endometrial cancer was held on 11-13 December 2014 in Milan, Italy, and comprised a multidisciplinary panel of 40 leading experts in the management of endometrial cancer. Before the conference, the expert panel prepared three clinically relevant questions about endometrial cancer relating to the following four areas: prevention and screening, surgery, adjuvant treatment and advanced and recurrent disease. All relevant scientific literature, as identified by the experts, was reviewed in advance. During the consensus conference, the panel developed recommendations for each specific question and a consensus was reached. Results of this consensus conference, together with a summary of evidence supporting each recommendation, are detailed in this article. All participants have approved this final article.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Colombo
- Division of Medical Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - C Creutzberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F Amant
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam
| | - T Bosse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A González-Martín
- Department of Medical Oncology, GEICO Cancer Center, Madrid Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ledermann
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Trials, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - C Marth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Nout
- Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D Querleu
- Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - M R Mirza
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Sessa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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ESMO–ESGO–ESTRO consensus conference on endometrial cancer: Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Radiother Oncol 2015; 117:559-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wong A, Ngeow J. Hereditary Syndromes Manifesting as Endometrial Carcinoma: How Can Pathological Features Aid Risk Assessment? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:219012. [PMID: 26161390 PMCID: PMC4486295 DOI: 10.1155/2015/219012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological tumor worldwide. It can be the presenting malignancy, acting as the harbinger, of an undiagnosed hereditary syndrome. Up to 50% of females with Lynch syndrome present in this manner. Differentiation between Lynch, Muir-Torre, and Cowden syndromes can at times be challenging due to the overlapping features. Our review emphasizes on the strengths, pitfalls, and limitations of microscopic features as well as immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction- (PCR-) based tests used by laboratories to screen for DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and PTEN gene mutations in patients to enable a more targeted and cost effective approach in the use of confirmatory gene mutational analysis tests. This is crucial towards initiating timely and appropriate surveillance measures for the patient and affected family members. We also review the evidence postulating on the possible inclusion of uterine serous carcinoma as part of the spectrum of malignancies seen in hereditary breast and ovarian carcinoma syndrome, driven by mutations in BRCA1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Wong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610
- Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
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