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Rahman R, Lapum J, Prendergast N. "Treat Me Like a Person": Unveiling Healthcare Narratives of Muslim Women who Wear Islamic Head Coverings Through a Poststructural Narrative Study. Can J Nurs Res 2024:8445621241258871. [PMID: 38831603 DOI: 10.1177/08445621241258871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Canada, the healthcare experiences and needs of Muslim women who wear Islamic head coverings are conflated with the larger Muslim community who do not wear Islamic head coverings. Understanding their specific and unique preferences and challenges is essential for tailoring care and improving healthcare encounters. PURPOSE The study purpose is to explore the healthcare encounters of Muslim women wearing Islamic head coverings in Canada, focusing on how discourse influences their narratives. METHODS A postructuralist narrative methodology was used to understand how power, knowledge, language, and discourse impacted their experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight Muslim women. Narrative analysis was used to dissect stories and the way these stories were told. RESULTS Five themes were identified, including: The Fingerprint: Highlights the importance of recognizing individual identities to provide personalized care.The Membrane: Examines how societal biases and assumptions permeate healthcare professionals and impacts care.The Heartbeat: Reveals the immediate emotional and physical responses that reflect systemic challenges within healthcare encounters.Unseen: Emphasizes the lack of acknowledgement experienced by Muslim women related to their healthcare preferences and/or needs.Heard: Encompasses instances where Muslim women feel recognized by their healthcare provider; contrasts Theme #4. CONCLUSION This research emphasizes the diverse experiences of Muslim woman who wear an Islamic head covering and the need for healthcare professionals to move away from a one-size-fits-all approach and instead, provide care that respects the unique preferences amongst this diverse group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezwana Rahman
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Lapum
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nadia Prendergast
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Vikhanova A, Tibber MS, Mareschal I. Post-migration living difficulties and poor mental health associated with increased interpretation bias for threat. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2024; 77:1154-1168. [PMID: 37477179 PMCID: PMC11103921 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231191442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has found associations between mental health difficulties and interpretation biases, including heightened interpretation of threat from neutral or ambiguous stimuli. Building on this research, we explored associations between interpretation biases (positive and negative) and three constructs that have been linked to migrant experience: mental health symptoms (Global Severity Index [GSI]), Post-Migration Living Difficulties (PMLD), and Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire (PEDQ). Two hundred thirty students who identified as first- (n = 94) or second-generation ethnic minority migrants (n = 68), and first-generation White migrants (n = 68) completed measures of GSI, PEDQ, and PMLD. They also performed an interpretation bias task using Point Light Walkers (PLW), dynamic stimuli with reduced visual input that are easily perceived as humans performing an action. Five categories of PLW were used: four that clearly depicted human forms undertaking positive, neutral, negative, or ambiguous actions, and a fifth that involved scrambled animations with no clear action or form. Participants were asked to imagine their interaction with the stimuli and rate their friendliness (positive interpretation bias) and aggressiveness (interpretation bias for threat). We found that the three groups differed on PEDQ and PMLD, with no significant differences in GSI, and the three measured were positively correlated. Poorer mental health and increased PMLD were associated with a heightened interpretation for threat of scrambled animations only. These findings have implications for understanding of the role of threat biases in mental health and the migrant experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Vikhanova
- Department of Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Marc S Tibber
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Mareschal
- Department of Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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3
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Koenig HG, Al Shohaib S. Religious involvement and psychological well-being in the Middle East. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024; 59:341-359. [PMID: 37608529 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231197548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is growing evidence that religious involvement is associated with better mental health in Christian Western countries. Whether the same is true in Middle Eastern countries whose populations are largely Muslim is less clear. The present study examined the association between religiosity and psychological well-being in the Middle East. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved nationally representative samples of adults aged 18 or older in Egypt (n = 3496), Tunisia (n = 3070), and Turkey (n = 3019) (Wave 1 of Middle Eastern Values Panel Study). Data on psychological well-being (life satisfaction, happiness, and optimism) were available on 8835-8886 participants. Bivariate analyses and multivariate analyses were conducted, controlling for age, gender, education, employment status, marital status, financial satisfaction, economic class, country, and Muslim religious affiliation. Interactions with gender were also examined. RESULTS Most participants (95%) reported a Muslim affiliation. Bivariate analyses indicated a positive association between overall religiosity (the primary predictor) and life satisfaction (r = .12), happiness (r = .13) and optimism (r = .19) (P < .0001). Multivariate analyses indicated a significant relationship between overall religiosity and life satisfaction (B = .046, SE = .005), happiness (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.02-1.04), and optimism (B = .054, SE = .005). A significant interaction between gender and religiosity was found for life satisfaction (B = -.025, SE = .009, P = .007), such that the association was stronger in males than in females. For happiness and optimism, trends were in the same direction. CONCLUSIONS Small but significant associations between overall religiosity (beliefs and practices) and psychological well-being were found in this largely Muslim Middle Eastern sample. Prospective studies are needed to determine the causal direction of these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold G Koenig
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Al Shohaib
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Brance K, Chatzimpyros V, Bentall RP. Social identity, mental health and the experience of migration. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38588004 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that social identities, which provide purpose and a sense of belonging, enhance resilience against psychological strain and safeguard well-being. This applies to first-generation migrant populations facing adverse experiences, including prejudice and disconnection from previous identities during host country integration, negatively impacting their well-being. The importance of social identity also extends to first-generation migrant descendants, confronting dual-identity challenges and experiencing exclusion and discrimination despite being native born. Building on the social identity approach to mental health, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted to investigate how migrants construct their social identities, their perspective on the challenges and changes they experience in relation to group memberships and ultimately, the influence this has on their psychological well-being. Findings emphasize the significance of social identity continuity and gain pathways in first-generation migrants' successful adjustment and psychological well-being. For second-generation migrants, dual-identity development is especially difficult during adolescence due to social exclusion and discrimination in schools. Even in early adulthood, pressure to maintain heritage identity can lead to negative mental health outcomes over time. The current study contributes to and strengthens the social identity approach to migrant mental health and has wider implications for psychological interventions and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Brance
- South East European Research Centre (SEERC), Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, The University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Vasileios Chatzimpyros
- Department of Psychology, CITY College, University of York Europe Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Richard P Bentall
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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5
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Saunders N, Strauss R, Swayze S, Kopp A, Kurdyak P, Furqan Z, Malick A, Husain MI, Sinyor M, Zaheer J. Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 68:755-765. [PMID: 37038714 PMCID: PMC10517651 DOI: 10.1177/07067437231166840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between Muslim religious affiliation and suicide and self-harm presentations among first- and second-generation immigrant youth. METHODS We performed a population-based cohort study involving individuals aged 12 to 24 years, living in Ontario, who immigrated to Canada between 1 January 2003 and 31 May 2017 (first generation) and those born to immigrant mothers (second generation). Health administrative and demographic data were used to analyze suicide and self-harm presentations. Sex-stratified logistic regression models generated odds ratios (OR) for suicide and negative binomial regression models generated rate ratios (aRR) for self-harm presentations, adjusting for refugee status and time since migration. RESULTS Of 1,070,248 immigrant youth (50.1% female), there were 129,919 (23.8%) females and 129,446 (24.2%) males from Muslim-majority countries. Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower suicide rates (3.8/100,000 person years [PY]) compared to males from Muslim-minority countries (5.9/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.62, 95% CI, 0.42-0.92). Rates of suicide between female Muslim-majority and Muslim-minority groups were not different (Muslim-majority 1.8/100,000 PY; Muslim-minority 2.2/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.46-1.47). Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower rates of self-harm presentations than males from Muslim-minority (<10%) countries (Muslim majority: 12.2/10,000 PY, Muslim-minority: 14.1/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.75, 0.90). Among female immigrants, rates of self-harm presentations were not different among Muslim-majority (30.1/10,000 PY) compared to Muslim-minority (<10%) (32.9/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.93, 95% CI, 0.87-1.00) countries. For females, older age at immigration conferred a lower risk of self-harm presentations. CONCLUSION Being a male from a Muslim-majority country may confer protection from suicide and self-harm presentations but the same was not observed for females. Approaches to understanding the observed sex-based differences are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Saunders
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Paul Kurdyak
- ICES, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zainab Furqan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arfeen Malick
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ishrat Husain
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark Sinyor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Juveria Zaheer
- ICES, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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6
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Henríquez D, Urzúa A. Positive Social Interaction and Psychological Kinship Mediate the Effect of Identity Fusion on Psychological Well-Being in South-South Migrants. TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [PMCID: PMC9946703 DOI: 10.1007/s43076-023-00269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study provides evidence of how positive social interaction and the perception of psychological kinship are mechanisms by which identity fusion with the host country is associated with the psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants in Chile. The sample consisted of 323 Venezuelan migrants, of whom 147 (45.5%) were men. The participants were residents of the city of Santiago, Chile. The variables assessed were psychological well-being, identity fusion with host country, positive social interaction, and psychological kinship. Structural equation modeling was performed to estimate the proposed mediation model. The estimation method used was robust weighted least squares estimation. The first model showed that people who felt more fused with the host country had higher levels of psychological well-being. On the other hand, the second estimated model indicated that both positive social interaction and psychological kinship fully mediate the relationship between identity fusion with the host country and immigrants’ psychological well-being. It is not the mere sensation of feeling merged with the host country that increases the psychological well-being of migrants, but rather it is the positive social interactions and feeling that members of the host country are like family that are the components that link the fusion with the host country and the psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants in Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Henríquez
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Alfonso Urzúa
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile
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7
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Rahim HF, Mooren TTM, Knipscheer JW, van den Brink F, Chung JM, Laceulle OM, Boelen PA. Associations among migration risk factors, cultural identity conflict, and psychological symptoms among Syrian emerging adults with refugee backgrounds in the Netherlands. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:1434-1451. [PMID: 36785921 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present study, we examined relations between premigration, perimigration, and postmigration risk factors (i.e., potentially traumatic events [PTEs], postmigration living problems [PMLPs], stressful life events) and psychological symptoms (i.e., anxiety/depression, posttraumatic stress) in Syrian emerging adults with refugee backgrounds; we also tested cultural identity conflict as a possible mediator of these relations. We expected that greater exposure to migration risk factors was associated with more psychological symptoms and that higher cultural identity conflict would contribute to these associations. METHODS We used data from the first wave of Karakter, a longitudinal study of 158 Syrians with refugee backgrounds (69.0% men, age range 18-35). Participants completed a questionnaire assessing PTEs, PMLPs, stressful life events, cultural identity conflict, and symptoms of anxiety/depression and posttraumatic stress. RESULTS Correlational analyses indicated that more PTEs and stressful life events were related to higher levels of cultural identity conflict and more psychological symptoms. Furthermore, greater cultural identity conflict was associated with more psychological symptoms. We did not observe indirect effects of cultural identity conflict in the mediation analyses. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that postmigration stressors and cultural identity conflict are associated with psychological symptoms among Syrian emerging adults who have resettled in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haza F Rahim
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy T M Mooren
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen W Knipscheer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, The Netherlands
| | - Femke van den Brink
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne M Chung
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Odilia M Laceulle
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A Boelen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, The Netherlands
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8
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Brance K, Chatzimpyros V, Bentall RP. Increased social identification is linked with lower depressive and anxiety symptoms among ethnic minorities and migrants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 99:102216. [PMID: 36379127 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that social identities, which provide purpose and a sense of belonging to the social world, promote resilience against psychological strain and protect well-being. This is especially important in ethnic minorities, who experience exclusion and discrimination from the majority group, and in migrant populations where adverse experiences, such as prejudice, disconnection from previous identities and issues of integration into the host country, negatively impact well-being. Drawing from the social identity theory, a meta-analysis was conducted examining the influence of group memberships and sense of belonging on ethnic minority and migrant mental health (depression and anxiety). The final search on three databases (i.e., PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science) was conducted on August 9th, 2022, identifying 3236 citations before removing any duplicates within and between databases. Across the 74 studies that met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, increased social identification (ethnic, national and other types of identification) was associated with low psychological symptoms. We found that social identification is protective against common psychological disorders but with small effect sizes for depression (r = - 0.09, CI = [- 0.12; - 0.06]) and anxiety (r = - 0.08, CI [- 0.12; - 0.03]). Results are discussed with regard to the role that social context plays on ethnic minority and migrant mental health and the importance of facilitating migrant integration with the host society after displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Brance
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, UK; South East European Research Center, SEERC, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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9
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Viazminsky A, Borho A, Morawa E, Schmitt GM, Erim Y. Perceived discrimination among Syrian refugees in Germany and its associations with mental health. Glob Public Health 2022; 17:2854-2867. [PMID: 35042431 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2026449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Discrimination is a crucial post migratory stressor but there is little research on perceived discrimination by Syrian refugees. This study aims to assess self-reported discrimination by Syrian refugees with a residence permit in Germany, determine its forms, places, and predictors, and explore its possible relation with mental health. Sociodemographics, migration-specific characteristics, traumatic life events, quality of life, perceived discrimination, depression, generalised anxiety disorder, post-traumatic symptoms, and somatic distress were assessed among 116 participants. More than one-third of the participants perceived discrimination in low frequency, and in general, perceived discrimination was confined to treatment with less courtesy or respect. Unfair treatment was perceived mostly while searching for accommodation and in the neighbourhood. Refugees attributed their experiences to their lack of language skills prior to national, religious, and racial causes. Lower age, higher number of completed years of education, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder were significantly and substantially associated with perceived discrimination. Anxiety symptoms, number of traumatic experiences and gender may also be regarded as relevant predictors of perceived discrimination. Health care professionals must be aware of the links between discrimination and symptoms of mental disorders. Policymakers should address discrimination as a key refugee issue and risk to mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Viazminsky
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Borho
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Morawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Henríquez D, Urzúa A, López-López W. Social Support as a Mediator of the Relationship between Identity Fusion and Psychological Well-Being in South-South Migrant Populations. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION 2022; 24:1-23. [PMID: 36277258 PMCID: PMC9579654 DOI: 10.1007/s12134-022-00996-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study provides evidence of how perceived social support is a mechanism by which identity fusion with the country of origin is associated with psychological well-being in a migrant population. The study design was cross-sectional. We use intentional sampling based on the accessibility of the participants and using the snowball strategy through an online survey. This study included 323 Venezuelan migrants, of whom 176 (54.5%) were women, all residents of the city of Santiago, Chile. The variables assessed were perceived social support, identity fusion, and psychological well-being. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the proposed mediation model. The estimation method used was robust weighted least squares estimation. The estimated models indicated that perceived social support has a mediating effect on the positive relationship between identity fusion and psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants residing in Chile. According to these results, feeling a sense of fusion with the country of origin and the perception of having sources of care and protection are factors that may help to improve the psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants living in Chile. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Henríquez
- Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Alfonso Urzúa
- Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile
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11
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Dingoyan D, Metzner F, Kongur A, Arslan Ö, Pust GEA, Weierstall-Pust R. The Impact of Perceived Discrimination on Cultural Identification, Psychological Stress, Emotion Regulation and Aggressive Tendencies in Individuals With Turkish Migration Background in Germany. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2022; 7:705027. [PMID: 35782709 PMCID: PMC9244781 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.705027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The following study considers correlates of the identification with the origin and host culture of German individuals with a Turkish migrant background. It examines how these two factors mediate the relationship between perceived discrimination, emotion regulation or psychological stress, and aggressive tendencies as the major dependent variable. For this purpose, the data of 229 people with Turkish migration background living in Germany was collected through an online survey. Findings depict that the identification with the Turkish (origin) and German (host) culture mediate the relationship between perceived discrimination and emotion regulation. The relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological stress is mediated by the identification with the German culture. The analysis shows that perceived discrimination is associated with a reduced identification with the German culture and with a high identification with the Turkish culture. Emotion regulation abilities are negatively related to perceived discrimination and identification with the Turkish culture. In contrary, the psychological stress level is positively related to perceived discrimination. The preparedness for aggressive behavior is also associated positively by psychological stress and negatively by emotion regulation abilities. The results are discussed against the background of the specific migration history and living conditions of Turkish immigrants in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Dingoyan
- Institute of Medical Sociology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franka Metzner
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Educational Science With a Focus on Special Education (“Emotional and Social Development”), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Akin Kongur
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Örsan Arslan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Roland Weierstall-Pust
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Oberberg Clinics Group, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Zhang Y, Jiang B, Tan DL, Lei, TT. The relationship between perceived discrimination and Chinese migrant children's school adjustment: A moderated mediation model of identity conflict and grit. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/18344909221101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has revealed that perceived discrimination may be a risk factor against school adjustment among Chinese migrant children. However, few studies have examined the underlying mechanisms that may mediate or moderate this association. To fill this gap, this study examined the mediating role of identity conflict and moderating role of grit in the association between perceived discrimination and school adjustment. A sample of 732 Chinese migrant children completed measures of perceived discrimination, school adjustment, identity conflict, and grit. Results showed that identity conflict mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and school adjustment among Chinese migrant children. Moreover, this mediating effect of identity conflict between perceived discrimination and school adjustment was moderated by grit, with the effect being weaker for Chinese migrant children with higher grit. These findings illuminate the underlying influence of identity conflict and grit in the link between perceived discrimination and school adjustment of Chinese migrant children. Limitations and implications of this study were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Education Science, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Education Science, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding-Liang Tan
- School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lei,
- School of Education Science, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
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13
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EL-Awad U, Fathi A, Lohaus A, Petermann F, Reinelt T. Different Relations of Religion and Mental Health. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: Religiosity can foster mental health after traumatic experiences. Yet, religiosity among Muslim immigrants has also been linked to separation-oriented acculturation, which is linked to reduced mental health. Therefore, the function of religiosity for resilience in Middle Eastern refugee and immigrant adolescents might differ as their migration contexts differ in terms of traumatic experiences and the nature of cultural interactions . Aims: This study examined whether religiosity is associated with better mental health after traumatic experiences, particularly among young refugees. In addition, it was explored whether religiosity is associated with better mental health among refugees through less marginalization and whether religious immigrant peers show worse mental health through stronger separation. Method: 135 adolescents ( MAge = 18.25 years, SD = 1.73; nrefugees = 75, nimmigrants = 60) completed self-reports on religiosity, mental health, trauma, and acculturation orientations. Regression analyses were calculated examining group-specific differences in potential moderating effects of religiosity on the relationship between trauma exposures and internalizing symptoms. Furthermore, potential indirect effects of religiosity on internalizing symptoms via acculturation orientations were investigated. Results: Stronger religiosity was associated with better mental health following trauma exposure. No group-specific differences were observed. While religious refugee adolescents reported less marginalization associated with fewer internalizing symptoms, religious immigrant peers reported more separation and internalizing symptoms. Limitations: Results are limited to male Muslim adolescents in Germany. The cross-sectional nature prohibits any implications for causal dynamics in the associations. Conclusion: Religiosity is generally protective against post-traumatic consequences, but associations with acculturation differ across migration contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama EL-Awad
- Center for Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Atefeh Fathi
- Center for Psychosomatic Psychotherapeutic Rehabilitation, Luisenklinik, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Arnold Lohaus
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Franz Petermann
- Center for Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Bremen, Germany
| | - Tilman Reinelt
- Center for Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Bremen, Germany
- Clinic for Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Germany
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Schmees P, Braig J, Nilles H, Kerkhoff D, Demir Z, Rueth JE, Lohaus A, Eschenbeck H. Well-Being and Resources of Minors With Refugee Background in Comparison to Minors With Migration or Native Background. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: Studies on the health of minors with refugee background (RM) often focus on symptoms and risks. In contrast to these deficit-oriented approaches, the present study examined well-being and resources of RM. Aims: The aim was to get an overview of the extent to which RM differ from both minors with migration (MM) as well as native (NM) background regarding well-being and resources. In addition, the study sought to identify resources of RM that are significant for well-being. General personal and social resources, religious identity and practice as well as multicultural resources (bilingualism, ethnic identity) were examined. Method: The study was conducted in Germany with minors aged 8–16 years. RM ( n = 209), MM ( n = 535) and NM ( n = 858) completed questionnaires. Comparative analyses and multiple regression analyses were computed. Results: RM showed lower well-being and fewer social resources than MM and NM. For personal resources, the group differences were less consistent. Personal and social resources predicted the well-being of minors. While multicultural resources were not significant, especially the resources sense of coherence, integration into peer group, and religious identity positively predicted the well-being of RM. Limitations: The group of MM is very heterogeneous. Further studies should differentiate the group of MM more precisely. Conclusion: The differences in well-being among RM, MM and NM can largely be explained by differences in resources. Religious identity is an important available resource for RM. Sense of coherence and integration into peer groups should be given special attention in health promotion for RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Schmees
- Department of Educational Psychology and Health Psychology, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Johanna Braig
- Department of Educational Psychology and Health Psychology, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Hannah Nilles
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Denise Kerkhoff
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Bielefeld University, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany
| | - Zeynep Demir
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Jana-Elisa Rueth
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Arnold Lohaus
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Heike Eschenbeck
- Department of Educational Psychology and Health Psychology, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
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Okoye HU, Saewyc E. Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis. Int J Equity Health 2021; 20:108. [PMID: 33902594 PMCID: PMC8077748 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the prevalence and trends in racial discrimination among African Canadian adolescents in British Columbia. The association between racial discrimination and self-rated health, access to mental health services, substance use, suicidal thoughts and attempts, experience of extreme stress, among others were examined within the 2018 dataset. METHODS Secondary analysis used the data collected from African Canadian adolescents (n = 2448) as part of the British Columbia Adolescent Health Surveys (2003-2018). We examined whether racial discrimination increased, decreased, or remained stable over time. We evaluated experiences of racial discrimination for all adolescents, and then disaggregated analyses for boys, girls, immigrant, and Canadian-born African adolescents. We used Rao-Scott's adjusted chi-square to test differences in racial discrimination and adjusted logistic regressions to test trends across survey years, widening or narrowing gaps in racial discrimination, as well as the link to health outcomes. RESULTS Racial discrimination was significantly different across the survey years (Adjusted F = 4.60, p < .01), with the highest percentage of adolescents reporting past year racial discrimination in 2018 (29.9%) and the lowest percentage in 2013 (21.3%). Girls and immigrant African Canadian adolescents were more likely to have experienced racial discrimination. However, girls and Canadian-born adolescents had the highest odds of reporting racial discrimination in 2018 compared to 2003, AOR = 1.85, and 1.58, respectively. The findings reveal significant differences in the experiences of racial discrimination for boys and girls, as well as for immigrant and Canadian-born African adolescents. Significant differences were noted in the link between racial discrimination and self-rated health and engaging in behaviours that might expose them to health risks. The worst negative health outcomes were found for boys and immigrant African Canadian adolescents. CONCLUSION The study suggests that more than 1 in 4 African Canadian adolescents in British Columbia report racial discrimination, which is an increasing trend in recent years. Those who reported racial discrimination also had the worst adverse health outcomes. There is a need for more public health action to reduce racism, create awareness about the negative health impacts, and provide better support for African Canadian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen U Okoye
- University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth Saewyc
- University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Ethnic Identity as a Mediator of the Relationship between Discrimination and Psychological Well-Being in South-South Migrant Populations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052359. [PMID: 33670960 PMCID: PMC7957580 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
There is abundant evidence about the negative impact of discrimination on well-being, but less research on factors that can reduce this negative effect, mainly focused on North American samples and with incipient development on South-South migration. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of ethnic identity on the relationship between the experience of racial and ethnic discrimination and psychological well-being in Colombian immigrants living in Chile. A total of 962 immigrants over the age of 18 from three cities in Chile participated. Of these, 50.7% were women. The average age was 35 years (SD = 10.23). Participants were evaluated using Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales, Phinney's adapted version of the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Scale, and Krieger's Discrimination Experience Scale. After the analysis of the measurement models, a mediation model was analyzed using structural equations. The results provide evidence that ethnic and racial discrimination have negative effects on psychological well-being, with the effect of racial discrimination being greater. Likewise, ethnic identity has positive effects on psychological well-being and partially and completely mediates the effects of ethnic and racial discrimination on psychological well-being. The full effect of discrimination on psychological well-being, mediated by ethnic identity, is exercised only by racial discrimination and not by ethnic discrimination.
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17
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Ergin DA. The effects of perceived discrimination, social support and ethnic identity on mental health of immigrant adolescents. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2021; 9:127-136. [PMID: 37601164 PMCID: PMC10433709 DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2021-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The number of immigrants has been increasing. Immigrant adolescents experience an acculturation process that affects particularly their ethnic identity, perceived discrimination, and relationships with their peers, which would have significant impact on their mental health. The ethnic composition of social environments might affect this relationship. Objective: The main purpose of the current research is to examine the effect of peer attachment, social support, ethnic identity, and perceived discrimination on immigrant adolescents' mental health. Method: The sample included 226 Syrian immigrants (X¯ age = 13.31, SD=1.67, 70.8 % girls). Adolescents live in a homogenous social environment where proportion of Syrian is higher. Two hierarchical regression models were used to predict depression and emotional problems. In both models, the predictive roles of social and psychological factors were examined in separate steps. Results: The regression analysis results for depression emphasized peer attachment, social support, and ethnic identity did not affect the depression after controlling the effect of emotional problems. Similarly, regression analysis results for emotional problems showed that peer attachment, social support, and ethnic identity did not affect depression after controlling the effect of emotional problems. The results also revealed that perceived discrimination was a risk factor for both depression and emotional problems. Conclusions: The results underlined the importance of psychological variables on immigrant adolescents' depression. Past research emphasized that ethnic identity and peer support had a buffering effect on mental health. The current study participants were living in a different area where they attended schools for only immigrants. The social environment was totally different from the host culture. These reasons may account for why social support from ethnic peers and ethnic identity development did not emerge as a protective factor in the present study. The results will further be discussed in terms of the importance of interaction between ethnic and host culture.
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18
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Urzúa A, Henríquez D, Caqueo-Urízar A. Affects as Mediators of the Negative Effects of Discrimination on Psychological Well-Being in the Migrant Population. Front Psychol 2020; 11:602537. [PMID: 33362664 PMCID: PMC7759608 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.602537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is abundant empirical evidence on the negative effects of discrimination on psychological well-being. However, little research has focused on exploring the factors that can mitigate this effect. Within this framework, the present study examined the mediating role of positive and negative affects in the relationship between ethnic and racial discrimination and psychological well-being in the migrant population. About 919 Colombians, first-generation migrants, residing in Chile (Arica, Antofagasta, and Santiago) were evaluated, of which 50.5% were women, and the participants' average age was 35 years (range: 18-65 years). Krieger's discrimination questionnaires, Watson's Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale were applied. The measurement models of each variable were estimated, and then the structural equation models were used. The results of the hypothesized multiple mediation model showed that the main mediator in the relationship between ethnic-racial discrimination and psychological well-being was positive affects over negative ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Urzúa
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Diego Henríquez
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
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Beltrán-Velasco AI, Mendoza-Castejón D, Fuentes-García JP, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Behavioural, psychological, and physiological stress markers and academic performance in immigrant and non-immigrant preschool and school students. Physiol Behav 2020; 225:113081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Online Spiritual Counseling Mitigates Immigration Stress and Promotes Better Marital Adjustment of South Asian Young Dual-Earner Couples Who Emigrate to Western Countries. CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-020-09547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Maehler DB, Daikeler J, Ramos H, Husson C, Nguyen TA. The cultural identity of first-generation immigrant children and youth: Insights from a meta-analysis. SELF AND IDENTITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2020.1765857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Débora B. Maehler
- Department of Survey Design and Methodology, GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jessica Daikeler
- Department of Survey Design and Methodology, GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Howard Ramos
- Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Clara Husson
- Department of Survey Design and Methodology, GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thuy an Nguyen
- Department of Survey Design and Methodology, GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
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22
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Higher prevalence of depressed mood in immigrants' offspring reflects their social conditions in the host country: The HELIUS study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234006. [PMID: 32497057 PMCID: PMC7272005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immigrants from low- and middle-income countries who have settled in high-income countries show higher risks of depression in comparison with host populations. The risks are associated with adverse social conditions. Indecisive results have been reported on the depression risks of the offspring of immigrant populations. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of depressed mood in immigrant offspring relative to the host population and to analyse whether that risk is explained by social conditions. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the Dutch HELIUS study were analysed, involving 19,904 men and women of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Turkish or Moroccan ethnic descent aged 18 to 70. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Indicators of social conditions were socioeconomic position (educational level, occupational level, employment status), perceived ethnic discrimination and sociocultural integration (ethnic identity, cultural orientation, social network). We used logistic regression to assess the risk of depressed mood (PHQ-9 sum score ≥10) in immigrants' offspring, as well as in first generation immigrants, relative to the risk in the host population. Social indicators were stepwise added to the model. RESULTS The prevalence of depressed mood was 13% to 20% among immigrant offspring, with the lowest level for those of African Surinamese descent; prevalence in the Dutch origin population was 7%. Relative risk of depressed mood, expressed as average marginal effects (AMEs), decreased substantially in all offspring groups after adjustment for socioeconomic indicators and discrimination. E.g. the AME of Turkish vs. Dutch decreased from 0.11 (0.08-0.13) to 0.05 (0.03-0.08). Patterns resembled those in first generation immigrants. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the observed higher prevalence of depressed mood in immigrants' offspring will decline to the level of the host population as the various populations grow closer in terms of socioeconomic position and as immigrant offspring cease to experience discrimination.
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Mazzoni D, Pancani L, Marinucci M, Riva P. The dual path of the rejection (dis)identification model: A study on adolescents with a migrant background. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Mazzoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology University of Milan Milano Italy
| | - Luca Pancani
- Department of Psychology University of Milano‐Bicocca Milano Italy
| | - Marco Marinucci
- Department of Psychology University of Milano‐Bicocca Milano Italy
| | - Paolo Riva
- Department of Psychology University of Milano‐Bicocca Milano Italy
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24
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Moffitt U, Juang LP, Syed M. Intersectionality and Youth Identity Development Research in Europe. Front Psychol 2020; 11:78. [PMID: 32082225 PMCID: PMC7005132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing application of intersectionality to the psychological study of identity development raises questions regarding how we as researchers construct and operationalize social identity categories, as well as how we best capture and address systems of oppression and privilege within our work. In the continental European context, the use of the intersectionality paradigm raises additional issues, since "race" was officially removed from the vernacular following the atrocities of WWII, yet racialized oppression continues to occur at every level of society. Within psychological research, participants are often divided into those with and without "migration background," which can reiterate inequitable norms of national belonging while washing over salient lived experiences in relation to generation status, citizenship, religion, gender, and the intersection between these and other social locations. Although discrimination is increasingly examined in identity development research, rarely are the history and impact of colonialism and related socio-historical elements acknowledged. In the current paper, we aim to address these issues by reviewing previous research and discussing theoretical and practical possibilities for the future. In doing so, we delve into the problems of trading in one static social identity category (e.g., "race") for another (e.g., "migration background/migrant") without examining the power structures inherent in the creation of these top-down categories, or the lived experiences of those navigating what it means to be marked as a racialized Other. Focusing primarily on contextualized ethno-cultural identity development, we discuss relevant examples from the continental European context, highlighting research gaps, points for improvement, and best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Moffitt
- Development of Identities in Cultural Environments, Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Linda P. Juang
- Diversity in Education and Development, Department of Inclusive Education, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Moin Syed
- Narrative-Identity-Culture-Education, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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25
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Cárdenas D, de la Sablonnière R. Participating in a new group and the identification processes: The quest for a positive social identity. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 59:189-208. [PMID: 31603256 PMCID: PMC6972616 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immigrants experience identity shifts; they can identify with the new cultural group and, sometimes, identify less with their group of origin. Previous research suggests that participation in the new cultural group predicts these two identity shifts. However, these studies have exclusively used correlational methodologies. Furthermore, previous research ignored that when a group is negatively valued, individuals may not identify with it, even after participating in it, to preserve a positive social identity. This article tests with an experimental methodology whether participation recreated the identity shifts previously identified (greater identification with the new group and lower identification with the group of origin when perceiving dissimilarity). Furthermore, it tested how a group's value impacted these identity shifts following participation. Immigrants in Quebec (N = 184) either participated in Quebec's culture (watched hockey) or did not (watched basketball). Quebec's value was manipulated by changing whether Quebec won, tied, or lost the game. Compared to watching basketball, watching Quebec's team win or tie showed the hypothesized identity shifts, illustrating the importance of the new group's value when participating.
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26
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Martiny SE, Froehlich L, Soltanpanah J, Haugen MS. Young immigrants in Norway: The role of national and ethnic identity in immigrants' integration. Scand J Psychol 2019; 61:312-324. [PMID: 31813192 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present work investigates the endorsement, antecedents, relationships, and consequences of young immigrants' social identities in Norway. Despite increasing numbers of refugees and immigrants entering Norway in recent years, little is known about the relationship between immigrants' different social identities and their feeling of integration into Norwegian society. The main goal of the present research is to fill this gap by investigating whether relationships found in other European countries replicate in the Norwegian context. In line with theoretical considerations and earlier international findings, results from two studies with different immigrant groups (Study 1: high school students; N = 97; Study 2: university students; N = 93) show that the more young immigrants in Norway endorse their national (i.e., Norwegian) identity, the less they endorse their ethnic identity (e.g., Kurdish). We further show that perceived conflict between the two cultures cannot explain the negative relationship between national and ethnic identity. In addition, immigrants' national identity endorsement is positively related to their dual identity endorsement (e.g., Kurdish-Norwegian). Positive contact with members of the receiving society predicts young immigrants' feeling of being integrated in Norwegian society and this relationship is mediated by national identity. Results are discussed in terms of the crucial role social identities play in immigrants' feeling of integration into European societies.
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27
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Linton JM, Green A, Chilton LA, Duffee JH, Dilley KJ, Gutierrez JR, Keane VA, Krugman SD, McKelvey CD, Nelson JL. Providing Care for Children in Immigrant Families. Pediatrics 2019; 144:peds.2019-2077. [PMID: 31427460 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Children in immigrant families (CIF), who represent 1 in 4 children in the United States, represent a growing and ever more diverse US demographic that pediatric medical providers nationwide will increasingly encounter in clinical care. Immigrant children are those born outside the United States to non-US citizen parents, and CIF are defined as those who are either foreign born or have at least 1 parent who is foreign born. Some families immigrate for economic or educational reasons, and others come fleeing persecution and seeking safe haven. Some US-born children with a foreign-born parent may share vulnerabilities with children who themselves are foreign born, particularly regarding access to care and other social determinants of health. Therefore, the larger umbrella term of CIF is used in this statement. CIF, like all children, have diverse experiences that interact with their biopsychosocial development. CIF may face inequities that can threaten their health and well-being, and CIF also offer strengths and embody resilience that can surpass challenges experienced before and during integration. This policy statement describes the evolving population of CIF in the United States, briefly introduces core competencies to enhance care within a framework of cultural humility and safety, and discusses barriers and opportunities at the practice and systems levels. Practice-level recommendations describe how pediatricians can promote health equity for CIF through careful attention to core competencies in clinical care, thoughtful community engagement, and system-level support. Advocacy and policy recommendations offer ways pediatricians can advocate for policies that promote health equity for CIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Linton
- Departments of Pediatrics and Public Health, School of Medicine Greenville, University of South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and
| | - Andrea Green
- Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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Concepcion Zayas MT, Fortuna LR, Cullins LM. Depression in Latino and Immigrant Refugee Youth: Clinical Opportunities and Considerations. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2019; 28:483-495. [PMID: 31076122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the risk and protective factors and symptom presentation of depression in Latino and immigrant refugee children and adolescents. The significance of culture, linguistics, and community in the emergence of depression in Latino and immigrant refugee children and adolescents and their families is explored. The article provides practical implications for diagnosis and treatment of depression in this special population of youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa R Fortuna
- Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Doctors Office Building, 720 Harrison Avenue, Room 907, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lisa M Cullins
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
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29
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Zucchi EM, Barros CRDS, Redoschi BRL, Deus LFAD, Veras MADSM. [Psychological well-being among transvestites and trans women in the state of São Paulo, Brazil]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00064618. [PMID: 30916176 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00064618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article sought to estimate factors associated with the psychological well-being of transvestites and trans women. It is a cross-sectional study with 602 transvestites and trans individuals in seven cities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil from 2014 to 2015. We carried out a sample selection through a consecutive approach and using the snowball technique. The dependent variable was psychological well-being (WHOQOL-BREF) and the independent variables were: sociodemographic characteristics, body modifications, health conditions, violence and incarceration. We used a multiple variance analysis to identify associated factors. Most were black or brown and were aged between 25 and 39 years, had up to complete secondary education, individual income of up to two times the minimum wage and worked, and 42.3% were sex workers. Around one-quarter had been incarcerated. Around one-quarter were in treatment for HIV. Mean psychological well-being score was 63.2 (95%CI: 61.8-64.6). In the multiple analysis, the factors associated with lower psychological well-being were: not having a fixed address, having lower educational levels, being dissatisfied with personal relationships, friend support or the gender-affirming procedures they had undergone and having suffered verbal or sexual violence. While worse living conditions and exposure to violence harm the psychological well-being of transvestites and trans women, the possibility of undergoing desired body transformations and having their social name respected interfere positively in their evaluations of their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Miura Zucchi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Católica de Santos, Santos, Brasil
| | | | | | - Luiz Fabio Alves de Deus
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia Social e Institucional, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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