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Shi W, Zheng J, Zhang J, Dong X, Li Z, Xiao Y, Li Q, Huang X, Du Y. Desktop-Stereolithography 3D Printing of a Decellularized Extracellular Matrix/Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome Bioink for Vaginal Reconstruction. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024:10.1007/s13770-024-00649-x. [PMID: 38937423 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3D-printing is widely used in regenerative medicine and is expected to achieve vaginal morphological restoration and true functional reconstruction. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exos) were applyed in the regeneration of various tissues. The current study aimed to explore the effctive of MSCs-Exos in vaginal reconstruction. METHODS In this work, hydrogel was designed using decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and silk fibroin (SF). The biological scaffolds were constructed using desktop-stereolithography. The physicochemical properties of the hydrogels were evaluated; Some experiments have been conducted to evaluate exosomes' effect of promotion vaginal reconstruction and to explore the mechanism in this process. RESULTS It was observed that the sustained release property of exosomes in the hydrogel both in vitro and in vitro.The results revealed that 3D scaffold encapsulating exosomes expressed significant effects on the vascularization and musule regeneration of the regenerative vagina tissue. Also, MSCs-Exos strongly promoted vascularization in the vaginal reconstruction of rats, which may through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The use of exosome-hydrogel composites improved the epithelial regeneration of vaginal tissue, increased angiogenesis, and promoted smooth muscle tissue regeneration. 3D-printed, lumenal scaffold encapsulating exosomes might be used as a cell-free alternative treatment strategy for vaginal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jiahua Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jingkun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongkang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yanlai Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xianghua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
| | - Yanfang Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Yang X, Xu Z, Shu F, Xiao J, Zeng Y, Lu X, Yu F, Xi L, Cheng F, Gao B, Chen H. Bioorthogonal targeted cell membrane vesicles/cell-sheet composites reduce postoperative tumor recurrence and scar formation of melanoma. J Control Release 2024; 372:372-385. [PMID: 38901733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
While surgical resection is the predominant clinical strategy in the treatment of melanoma, postoperative recurrence and undetectable metastasis are both pernicious drawbacks to this otherwise highly successful approach. Furthermore, the deep cavities result from tumor excision can leave long lasting wounds which are slow to heal and often leave visible scars. These unmet needs are addressed in the present work through the use of a multidimensional strategy, and also promotes wound healing and scar reduction. In the first phase, cell membrane-derived nanovesicles (NVs) are engineered to show PD-1 and dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO). These are capable of reactivating T cells by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. In the second phase, azido (N3) labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are cultured into cell sheets using tissue engineering, then apply directly to surgical wounds to enhance tissue repair. Owing to the complementary association between DBCO and N3 groups, PD-1 NVs were accumulated at the site of excision. This strategy can inhibit postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis, whilst also promoting wound healing and reducing scar formation. The results of this study set a precedent for a new and innovative multidimensional therapeutic strategy in the postoperative treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhanxue Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Fan Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiangwei Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Materials Products, Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510550, China
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lifang Xi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Botao Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Materials Products, Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510550, China.
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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Li J, Liu Y, Zhang R, Yang Q, Xiong W, He Y, Ye Q. Insights into the role of mesenchymal stem cells in cutaneous medical aesthetics: from basics to clinics. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:169. [PMID: 38886773 PMCID: PMC11184751 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03774-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of the economy and the increasing prevalence of skin problems, cutaneous medical aesthetics are gaining more and more attention. Skin disorders like poor wound healing, aging, and pigmentation have an impact not only on appearance but also on patients with physical and psychological issues, and even impose a significant financial burden on families and society. However, due to the complexities of its occurrence, present treatment options cannot produce optimal outcomes, indicating a dire need for new and effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomics treatment is a new regenerative medicine therapy that promotes and regulates endogenous stem cell populations and/or replenishes cell pools to achieve tissue homeostasis and regeneration. It has demonstrated remarkable advantages in several skin-related in vivo and in vitro investigations, aiding in the improvement of skin conditions and the promotion of skin aesthetics. As a result, this review gives a complete description of recent scientific breakthroughs in MSCs for skin aesthetics and the limitations of their clinical applications, aiming to provide new ideas for future research and clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Xie P, Xue X, Li X. Recent Progress in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Skin Wound Repair. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01328-3. [PMID: 38811472 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes are nanometer-sized, lipid bilayer membrane vesicles that are secreted by various cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to exert therapeutic effects through the secretion of exosomes via a paracrine pathway. Functions: Recent studies have demonstrated that MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) can effectively transport various bioactive substances, including proteins, mRNAs, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and lipids, into target cells. This process regulates multiple aspects during wound repair, such as the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, and matrix remodeling. POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS By promoting wound healing and inhibiting scar formation, MSC-Exos have shown great promise for clinical applications in wound repair. This review highlights the recent advances in our understanding of the role and mechanism of MSC-Exos during wound repair, providing insights into their potential use in future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodong Xue
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Center for Cosmetic Surgery, General Hospital of Lanzhou Petrochemical Company (The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine), Lanzhou, 730060, Gansu, China.
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Wang H, Zhang N, Wang X, Tian J, Yi J, Yao L, Huang G. Emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome microRNA in radiation injury. Int J Radiat Biol 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38776447 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2347348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation injury (RI) is a common occurrence in malignant tumors patients receiving radiation therapy. While killing tumor cells, normal tissue surrounding the target area is inevitably irradiated at a certain dose, which can cause varying results of radiation injury. Currently, there are limited clinical treatments available for radiation injuries. In recent years, the negative effects of stem cell therapy have been reported more clearly and non-cellular therapies such as exosomes have become a focus of attention for researchers. As a type of vesicle-like substances secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), MSC derived exosomes (MSC-exo) carry DNA, mRNA, microRNA (miRNAs), specific proteins, lipids, and other active substances involved in intercellular information exchange. miRNAs released by MSC-exo are capable of alleviating and repairing damaged tissues through anti-apoptosis, modulating immune response, regulating inflammatory response and promoting angiogenesis, which indicates that MSC-exo miRNAs have great potential for application in the prevention and treatment of radiation injury. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of MSC-exo miRNAs in this process, which may shed new lights on the treatment of radiation injury. CONCLUSIONS Increasing evidence confirms that MSC-exo has shown encouraging applications in tissue repair due to the anti-apoptotic, immunoreactive, and pro-angiogenesis effects of the miRNAs it carries as intercellular communication carriers. However, miRNA-based therapeutics are still in their infancy and many practical issues remain to be addressed for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huike Wang
- School of Stomatology, ZunYi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nini Zhang
- School of Stomatology, ZunYi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Stomatology, ZunYi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jia Tian
- School of Stomatology, ZunYi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Yi
- School of Stomatology, ZunYi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | | | - Guilin Huang
- School of Stomatology, ZunYi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Xu C, Zhang H, Yang C, Wang Y, Wang K, Wang R, Zhang W, Li C, Tian C, Han C, Li M, Liu X, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Luo L, Shang Y, Zhang L, Chen Y, Shen K, Hu D. miR-125b-5p delivered by adipose-derived stem cell exosomes alleviates hypertrophic scarring by suppressing Smad2. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkad064. [PMID: 38765787 PMCID: PMC11102599 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scarring is the most serious and unmet challenge following burn and trauma injury and often leads to pain, itching and even loss of function. However, the demand for ideal scar prevention and treatment is difficult to satisfy. We aimed to discover the effects and mechanisms of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) exosomes in hypertrophic scarring. Methods ADSC exosomes were isolated from the culture supernatant of ADSCs and identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. The effect of ADSC exosomes on wound healing and scar formation was detected by the wound model of BALB/c mice. We isolated myofibroblasts from hypertrophic scar tissue and detected the cell viability, proliferation and migration of myofibroblasts. In addition, collagen formation and fibrosis-related molecules were also detected. To further disclose the mechanism of ADSC exosomes on fibrosis in myofibroblasts, we detected the expression of Smad2 in hypertrophic scar tissue and normal skin and the regulatory mechanism of ADSC exosomes on Smad2. Injection of bleomycin was performed in male BALB/c mice to establish an in vivo fibrosis model while ADSC exosomes were administered to observe their protective effect. The tissue injury of mice was observed via hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining and related testing. Results In this study, we found that ADSC exosomes could not only speed up wound healing and improve healing quality but also prevent scar formation. ADSC exosomes inhibited expression of fibrosis-related molecules such as α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I (COL1) and COL3 and inhibited the transdifferentiation of myofibroblasts. In addition, we verified that Smad2 is highly expressed in both hypertrophic scar tissue and hypertrophic fibroblasts, while ADSC exosomes downregulated the expression of Smad2 in hypertrophic fibroblasts. Further regulatory mechanism analysis revealed that microRNA-125b-5p (miR-125b-5p) is highly expressed in ADSC exosomes and binds to the 3' untranslated region of Smad2, thus inhibiting its expression. In vivo experiments also revealed that ADSC exosomes could alleviate bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis and downregulate the expression of Smad2. Conclusions We found that ADSC exosomes could alleviate hypertrophic scars via the suppression of Smad2 by the specific delivery of miR-125b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolei Xu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Aerospace Medical Training, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chenyang Tian
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yunwei Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yage Shang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kuo Shen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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Qin Q, Shan Z, Xing L, Jiang Y, Li M, Fan L, Zeng X, Ma X, Zheng D, Wang H, Wang H, Liu H, Liang S, Wu L, Liang S. Synergistic effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle and miR-137 alleviates autism-like behaviors by modulating the NF-κB pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:446. [PMID: 38741170 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder predominant in childhood. Despite existing treatments, the benefits are still limited. This study explored the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) loaded with miR-137 in enhancing autism-like behaviors and mitigating neuroinflammation. Utilizing BTBR mice as an autism model, the study demonstrated that intranasal administration of MSC-miR137-EVs ameliorates autism-like behaviors and inhibits pro-inflammatory factors via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. In vitro evaluation of LPS-activated BV2 cells revealed that MSC-miR137-EVs target the TLR4/NF-κB pathway through miR-137 inhibits proinflammatory M1 microglia. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis identified that MSC-EVs are rich in miR-146a-5p, which targets the TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, the findings suggest that the integration of MSC-EVs with miR-137 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for ASD, which is worthy of clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qin
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiyan Shan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yutong Jiang
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xinrui Ma
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Danyang Zheng
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shengjun Liang
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Wu L, Lu J, Lan T, Zhang D, Xu H, Kang Z, Peng F, Wang J. Stem cell therapies: a new era in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1389697. [PMID: 38784908 PMCID: PMC11111935 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1389697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated condition that persistently harms the central nervous system. While existing treatments can slow its course, a cure remains elusive. Stem cell therapy has gained attention as a promising approach, offering new perspectives with its regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. This article reviews the application of stem cells in MS, encompassing various stem cell types, therapeutic potential mechanisms, preclinical explorations, clinical research advancements, safety profiles of clinical applications, as well as limitations and challenges, aiming to provide new insights into the treatment research for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tianye Lan
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hanying Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zezheng Kang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Shi L, Zhou Y, Yin Y, Zhang J, Chen K, Liu S, Chen P, Jiang H, Liu J, Wu Y. Advancing Tissue Damage Repair in Geriatric Diseases: Prospects of Combining Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes with Hydrogels. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3773-3804. [PMID: 38708181 PMCID: PMC11068057 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s456268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Geriatric diseases are a group of diseases with unique characteristics related to senility. With the rising trend of global aging, senile diseases now mainly include endocrine, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, skeletal, and muscular diseases and cancer. Compared with younger populations, the structure and function of various cells, tissues and organs in the body of the elderly undergo a decline as they age, rendering them more susceptible to external factors and diseases, leading to serious tissue damage. Tissue damage presents a significant obstacle to the overall health and well-being of older adults, exerting a profound impact on their quality of life. Moreover, this phenomenon places an immense burden on families, society, and the healthcare system.In recent years, stem cell-derived exosomes have become a hot topic in tissue repair research. The combination of these exosomes with biomaterials allows for the preservation of their biological activity, leading to a significant improvement in their therapeutic efficacy. Among the numerous biomaterial options available, hydrogels stand out as promising candidates for loading exosomes, owing to their exceptional properties. Due to the lack of a comprehensive review on the subject matter, this review comprehensively summarizes the application and progress of combining stem cell-derived exosomes and hydrogels in promoting tissue damage repair in geriatric diseases. In addition, the challenges encountered in the field and potential prospects are presented for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shi
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunjun Zhou
- The Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongkui Yin
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Medical & Health Group Quzhou Hospital, Quzhou, 324004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyuan Chen
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Liu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peijian Chen
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Jiang
- The Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieting Liu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
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Gong T, Liu YT, Fan J. Exosomal mediators in sepsis and inflammatory organ injury: unraveling the role of exosomes in intercellular crosstalk and organ dysfunction. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:24. [PMID: 38644472 PMCID: PMC11034107 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a severe systemic inflammatory response to infection, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exosomes, as mediators of intercellular communication, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sepsis through modulating immune responses, metabolic reprogramming, coagulopathy, and organ dysfunction. This review highlights the emerging significance of exosomes in these processes. Initially, it provides an in-depth insight into exosome biogenesis and characterization, laying the groundwork for understanding their diverse and intricate functions. Subsequently, it explores the regulatory roles of exosomes in various immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. This analysis elucidates how exosomes are pivotal in modulating immune responses, thus contributing to the complexity of sepsis pathophysiology. Additionally, this review delves into the role of exosomes in the regulation of metabolism and subsequent organ dysfunction in sepsis. It also establishes a connection between exosomes and the coagulation cascade, which affects endothelial integrity and promotes thrombogenesis in sepsis. Moreover, the review discusses the dual role of exosomes in the progression and resolution of sepsis, exploring their complex involvement in inflammation and healing processes. Furthermore, it underscores their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Understanding these mechanisms presents new opportunities for novel interventions to mitigate the severe outcomes of sepsis, emphasizing the therapeutic promise of exosome research in critical care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518110, China.
| | - You-Tan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518110, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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11
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Zheng J, Yang B, Liu S, Xu Z, Ding Z, Mo M. Applications of Exosomal miRNAs from Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Skin Boosters. Biomolecules 2024; 14:459. [PMID: 38672475 PMCID: PMC11048182 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is the outer layer of the human body, and it is crucial in defending against injuries and damage. The regenerative capacity of aging and damaged skin caused by exposure to external stimuli is significantly impaired. Currently, the rise in average life expectancy and the modern population's aesthetic standards have sparked a desire for stem-cell-based therapies that can address skin health conditions. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as therapeutic agents have provided a promising and effective alternative for managing skin regeneration and rejuvenation, attributing to their healing capacities that can be applied to damaged and aged skin. However, it has been established that the therapeutic effects of MSC may be primarily mediated by paracrine mechanisms, particularly the release of exosomes (Exos). Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) that have lipid bilayer and membrane structures and can be naturally released by different types of cells. They influence the physiological and pathological processes of recipient cells by transferring a variety of bioactive molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids such as messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) between cells, thus playing an important role in intercellular communication and activating signaling pathways in target cells. Among them, miRNAs, a type of endogenous regulatory non-coding RNA, are often incorporated into exosomes as important signaling molecules regulating protein biosynthesis. Emerging evidence suggests that exosomal miRNAs from MSC play a key role in skin regeneration and rejuvenation by targeting multiple genes and regulating various biological processes, such as participating in inflammatory responses, cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the recent studies and observations on how MSC-derived exosomal miRNAs contribute to the regeneration and rejuvenation of skin tissue, with particular attention to the applications of bioengineering methods for manipulating the miRNA content of exosome cargo to improve their therapeutic potential. This review can provide new clues for the diagnosis and treatment of skin damage and aging, as well as assist investigators in exploring innovative therapeutic strategies for treating a multitude of skin problems with the aim of delaying skin aging, promoting skin regeneration, and maintaining healthy skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Zheng
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (J.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.L.); (Z.X.); (Z.D.)
| | - Beibei Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (J.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.L.); (Z.X.); (Z.D.)
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (J.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.L.); (Z.X.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhenfeng Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (J.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.L.); (Z.X.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhimeng Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (J.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.L.); (Z.X.); (Z.D.)
| | - Miaohua Mo
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (J.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.L.); (Z.X.); (Z.D.)
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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12
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He YC, Yuan GD, Li N, Ren MF, Qian-Zhang, Deng KN, Wang LC, Xiao WL, Ma N, Stamm C, Felthaus O, Prantl L, Nie J, Wang G. Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH249101. [PMID: 38578884 DOI: 10.3233/ch-249101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction refers to the ischemic necrosis of myocardium, characterized by a sharp reduction or interruption of blood flow in the coronary arteries due to the coronary artery occlusion, resulting in severe and prolonged ischemia in the corresponding myocardium and ultimately leading to ischemic necrosis of the myocardium. Given its high risk, it is considered as one of the most serious health threats today. In current clinical practice, multiple approaches have been explored to diminish myocardial oxygen consumption and alleviate symptoms, but notable success remains elusive. Accumulated clinical evidence has showed that the implantation of mesenchymal stem cell for treating myocardial infarction is both effective and safe. Nevertheless, there persists controversy and variability regarding the standardizing MSC transplantation protocols, optimizing dosage, and determining the most effective routes of administration. Addressing these remaining issues will pave the way of integration of MSCs as a feasible mainstream cardiac treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan He
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yuan
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mei-Fang Ren
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian-Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kai-Ning Deng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Le-Chuan Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Ling Xiao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Felthaus
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jia Nie
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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13
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Wang Y, Liu X, Wang B, Sun H, Ren Y, Zhang H. Compounding engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: A potential rescue strategy for retinal degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116424. [PMID: 38471273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, has been increasing globally and is linked to the aging population and improved life expectancy. These diseases are characterized by chronic, progressive neuronal damage or depletion of the photoreceptor cells in the retina, and limited effective treatment options are currently available. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) containing cytokines, growth factors, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA, which act as mediators of intercellular communication transferring bioactive molecules to recipient cells, offer an appealing, non-cellular nanotherapeutic approach for retinal degenerative diseases. However, treatment specificity is compromised due to their high heterogeneity in size, content, functional effects, and parental cellular source. To improve this, engineered MSC-EXOs with increased drug-loading capacity, targeting ability, and resistance to bodily degradation and elimination have been developed. This review summarizes the recent advances in miRNAs of MSC-EXOs as a treatment for retinal degeneration, discussing the strategies and methods for engineering therapeutic MSC-EXOs. Notably, to address the single functional role of engineered MSC-EXOs, we propose a novel concept called "Compound Engineered MSC-EXOs (Co-E-MSC-EXOs)" along with its derived potential therapeutic approaches. The advantages and challenges of employing Co-E-MSC-EXOs for retinal degeneration in clinical applications, as well as the strategies and issues related to them, are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China.
| | - Xianning Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China
| | - Bei Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hanhan Sun
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yiqian Ren
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China.
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14
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Ding N, Fu X, Gui Q, Wu M, Niu Z, Du A, Liu J, Wu H, Wang Y, Yue X, Zhu L. Biomimetic Structure Hydrogel Loaded with Long-Term Storage Platelet-Rich Plasma in Diabetic Wound Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303192. [PMID: 38011625 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the preparation of multifunctional hydrogels from a bionic perspective is an appealing strategy. Here, a multifunctional hydrogel dressing inspired by the characteristics of porous extracellular matrix produced during Acomys wound healing is prepared. These dressings are printed by digital light processing printing of hydrogels composed of gelatin methacrylate, hyaluronic acid methacrylate, and pretreated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to shape out triply periodic minimal surface structures, which are freeze-dried for long-term storage. These dressings mimic the porous extracellular matrix of Acomys, while the freeze-drying technique effectively extends the storage duration of PRP viability. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, the biomimetic dressings developed in this study modulate cell behavior and facilitate wound healing. Consequently, this research offers a novel approach for the advancement of regenerative wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Ding
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital of the PLA Army, 468 Xingang Zhong Road, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Xinxin Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Qixiang Gui
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
- Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine Institute, Research Center of Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Minjuan Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medicine College, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhongpu Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Antong Du
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jinyue Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Haimei Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine Institute, Research Center of Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of stem cell engneering, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, 551 Pudong Nan Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of stem cell engneering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuezheng Yue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Lie Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
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15
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Leng W, Li X, Dong L, Guo Z, Ji X, Cai T, Xu C, Zhu Z, Lin J. The Regenerative Microenvironment of the Tissue Engineering for Urethral Strictures. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:672-687. [PMID: 38305981 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Urethral stricture caused by various reasons has threatened the quality of life of patients for decades. Traditional reconstruction methods, especially for long-segment injuries, have shown poor outcomes in treating urethral strictures. Tissue engineering for urethral regeneration is an emerging concept in which special designed scaffolds and seed cells are used to promote local urethral regeneration. The scaffolds, seed cells, various factors and the host interact with each other and form the regenerative microenvironment. Among the various interactions involved, vascularization and fibrosis are the most important biological processes during urethral regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells play special roles in stricture repair and facilitate long-segment urethral regeneration, but they may also induce carcinogenesis and genomic instability during reconstruction. Nevertheless, current technologies, such as genetic engineering, molecular imaging, and exosome extraction, provide us with opportunities to manage seed cell-related regenerative risks. In this review, we described the interactions among seed cells, scaffolds, factors and the host within the regenerative microenvironment, which may help in determining the exact molecular mechanisms involved in urethral stricture regeneration and promoting clinical trials and the application of urethral tissue engineering in patients suffering from urethral stricture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Leng
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhenke Guo
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Tianyu Cai
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Chunru Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China.
- National Urological Cancer Center, No. 8, Street Xishiku, District Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China.
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16
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Li X, Zhang D, Yu Y, Wang L, Zhao M. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome promotes skin regeneration and rejuvenation: From mechanism to therapeutics. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13586. [PMID: 38148579 PMCID: PMC10984109 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
How to effectively repair cutaneous wounds and promote skin rejuvenation has always been a challenging issue for clinical medicine and medical aesthetics. Current conventional medicines exhibit several drawbacks, including limited therapeutic effects, prolonged treatment periods, and high costs. As a novel cell-free therapy, the umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) secretome may offer a promising approach for skin regeneration and rejuvenation. The UCMSC secretome is a collection of all proteins secreted by mesenchymal stem cells, including conditioned media, exosomes, and other substances. The UCMSC secretome has numerous abilities to accelerate acute wound healing, including high fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferative activity, pro-angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidative stress. Its impact on the four stages of wound healing is manifested by inducing the haemostasis phase, inhibiting the inflammation phase, promoting the proliferation phase, and regulating the remodelling phase. Furthermore, it is highly effective in the treatment of chronic wounds, alopecia, aging, and skin homeostasis disturbance. This review focuses on the clinical therapies and application prospects of the UCMSC secretome, encompassing its source, culture, separation, identification, storage, and pretreatment. Additionally, a discussion on the dosage, administration route, efficacy, and biosafety in the clinical situation is presented. This review aims to provide scientific support for the mechanistic investigation and clinical utilisation of the UCMSC secretome in wound healing and skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixian Li
- Department of Plastic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Plastic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Liang Wang
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Muxin Zhao
- Department of Plastic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
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Padinharayil H, Varghese J, Wilson C, George A. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Characteristics and applications in disease pathology and management. Life Sci 2024; 342:122542. [PMID: 38428567 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a role in tissue regeneration and homeostasis because of inherent immunomodulatory capacity and the production of factors that encourage healing. There is substantial evidence that MSCs' therapeutic efficacy is primarily determined by their paracrine function including in cancers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are basic paracrine effectors of MSCs that reside in numerous bodily fluids and cell homogenates and play an important role in bidirectional communication. MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) offer a wide range of potential therapeutic uses that exceed cell treatment, while maintaining protocell function and having less immunogenicity. We describe characteristics and isolation methods of MSC-EVs, and focus on their therapeutic potential describing its roles in tissue repair, anti-fibrosis, and cancer with an emphasis on the molecular mechanism and immune modulation and clinical trials. We also explain current understanding and challenges in the clinical applications of MSC-EVs as a cell free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Padinharayil
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 05, Kerala, India; PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College, Kozhencherry, Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689641, India
| | - Jinsu Varghese
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College, Kozhencherry, Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689641, India
| | - Cornelia Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, Natural Applied Sciences, Life Science Industry Liaison Lab, Discovery Park, Sandwich CT139FF, United Kingdom.
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 05, Kerala, India.
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18
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Choi YJ, Kim WR, Kim DH, Kim JH, Yoo JH. Human umbilical cord/placenta mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium attenuates intestinal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:69. [PMID: 38454492 PMCID: PMC10921617 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant unmet need in inflammatory bowel disease is the lack of anti-fibrotic agents targeting intestinal fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic properties and mechanisms of the conditioned medium (CM) from human umbilical cord/placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC/PL-MSC-CM) in a murine intestinal fibrosis model and human primary intestinal myofibroblasts (HIMFs). METHODS UC/PL-MSC-CM was concentrated 15-fold using a 3 kDa cut-off filter. C57BL/6 mice aged 7 weeks old were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) control, (2) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), (3) DSS + CM (late-phase treatment), and (4) DSS + CM (early-phase treatment). Chronic DSS colitis and intestinal fibrosis was induced by three cycles of DSS administration. One DSS cycle consisted of 7 days of oral DSS administration (1.75%, 2%, and 2.5% DSS), followed by 14 days of drinking water. UC/PL-MSC-CM was intraperitoneally administered in the late phase (from day 50, 10 times) or early phase (from day 29, 10 times) of DSS cycles. HIMFs were treated with TGF-β1 and co-treated with UC/PL-MSC-CM (10% of culture media) in the cellular model. RESULTS In the animal study, UC/PL-MSC-CM reduced submucosa/muscularis propria thickness and collagen deposition, which improved intestinal fibrosis in chronic DSS colitis. The UC/PL-MSC-CM significantly reduced the expressions of procollagen1A1 and α-smooth muscle actin, which DSS significantly elevated. The anti-fibrogenic effect was more apparent in the UC-MSC-CM or early-phase treatment model. The UC/PL-MSC-CM reduced procollagen1A1, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin expression in HIMFs in the cellular model. The UC/PL-MSC-CM downregulated fibrogenesis by suppressing RhoA, MRTF-A, and SRF expression. CONCLUSIONS Human UC/PL-MSC-CM inhibits TGF-β1-induced fibrogenic activation in HIMFs by blocking the Rho/MRTF/SRF pathway and chronic DSS colitis-induced intestinal fibrosis. Thus, it may be regarded as a novel candidate for stem cell-based therapy of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
| | - Woo Ram Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, South Korea
| | - Duk Hwan Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea.
| | - Jun Hwan Yoo
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea.
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19
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Lin Z, Lin D, Lin D. The Mechanisms of Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Wound Healing and Regeneration. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-024-03871-z. [PMID: 38438760 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-03871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wound healing is a class of diseases influenced by multiple complex factors, causing severe psychological and physiological impact on patients. It is an intractable clinical challenge and its possible mechanisms are not yet clear. It has been proven that adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exos) can promote wound healing and inhibit scar formation by regulating inflammation, promoting cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, regulating matrix remodeling, which provides a new approach for wound healing through biological treatment. This review focuses on the mechanism, treatment, and administration methods of ADSC-Exos in wound healing, providing a comprehensive understanding the mechanisms of ADSC-Exos on wound healing. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Lin
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Danyi Lin
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dane Lin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
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20
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Roszkowski S. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for regenerative medicine applications. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38427086 PMCID: PMC10907468 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have emerged as a promising cell-free therapy for tissue engineering. Compared to intact stem cells, exosomes have advantages like low immunogenicity and ability to carry regenerative cargo. This review examined the potential of exosomes to treat defects in skin, bone and cartilage. In preclinical models, exosomes improved wound healing, stimulated bone regeneration, and enabled cartilage repair by transferring proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. Their effects were elicited by modulating inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and matrix synthesis. Exosomes represent a promising cell-free therapy for tissue engineering. However, challenges remain regarding scalable isolation, elucidating mechanisms, and translating this approach to human trials. Understanding these challenges will enable the successful clinical translation of exosomes for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Roszkowski
- Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Debowa St. 3, 85-626, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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21
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Muskan M, Abeysinghe P, Cecchin R, Branscome H, Morris KV, Kashanchi F. Therapeutic potential of RNA-enriched extracellular vesicles: The next generation in RNA delivery via biogenic nanoparticles. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00094-7. [PMID: 38414242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) (∼50-150 nm) that have emerged as promising vehicles for therapeutic applications and drug delivery. These membrane-bound particles, released by all actively dividing cells, have the ability to transfer effector molecules, including proteins, RNA, and even DNA, from donor cells to recipient cells, thereby modulating cellular responses. RNA-based therapeutics, including microRNAs, messenger RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, hold great potential in controlling gene expression and treating a spectrum of medical conditions. RNAs encapsulated in EVs are protected from extracellular degradation, making them attractive for therapeutic applications. Understanding the intricate biology of cargo loading and transfer within EVs is pivotal to unlocking their therapeutic potential. This review discusses the biogenesis and classification of EVs, methods for loading RNA into EVs, their advantages as drug carriers over synthetic-lipid-based systems, and the potential applications in treating neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and viral infections. Notably, EVs show promise in delivering RNA cargo across the blood-brain barrier and targeting tumor cells, offering a safe and effective approach to RNA-based therapy in these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muskan Muskan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Pevindu Abeysinghe
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Riccardo Cecchin
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Heather Branscome
- George Mason University, School of Systems Biology, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Kevin V Morris
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- George Mason University, School of Systems Biology, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
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22
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Hashemi A, Ezati M, Nasr MP, Zumberg I, Provaznik V. Extracellular Vesicles and Hydrogels: An Innovative Approach to Tissue Regeneration. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6184-6218. [PMID: 38371801 PMCID: PMC10870307 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have emerged as promising tools in regenerative medicine due to their inherent ability to facilitate intercellular communication and modulate cellular functions. These nanosized vesicles transport bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which can affect the behavior of recipient cells and promote tissue regeneration. However, the therapeutic application of these vesicles is frequently constrained by their rapid clearance from the body and inability to maintain a sustained presence at the injury site. In order to overcome these obstacles, hydrogels have been used as extracellular vesicle delivery vehicles, providing a localized and controlled release system that improves their therapeutic efficacy. This Review will examine the role of extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels in tissue regeneration, discussing potential applications, current challenges, and future directions. We will investigate the origins, composition, and characterization techniques of extracellular vesicles, focusing on recent advances in exosome profiling and the role of machine learning in this field. In addition, we will investigate the properties of hydrogels that make them ideal extracellular vesicle carriers. Recent studies utilizing this combination for tissue regeneration will be highlighted, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hashemi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Masoumeh Ezati
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Minoo Partovi Nasr
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Inna Zumberg
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valentine Provaznik
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
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23
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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24
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Miron RJ, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 1-Characterization, quantification and isolation techniques. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:231-256. [PMID: 37740431 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with a diameter in the range of 30-150 nm. Their use has gained great momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as diagnostic tools with a vast array of therapeutic applications. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be investigated. This review article first focuses on understanding exosomes, including their cellular origin, biogenesis, function, and characterization. Thereafter, overviews of the quantification methods and isolation techniques are given with discussion over their potential use as novel therapeutics in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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25
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Hu S, Zhang J, Ji Q, Xie S, Jiang J, Ni H, He X, Yang Y, Wu M. Exosomes derived from uMSCs promote hair regrowth in alopecia areata through accelerating human hair follicular keratinocyte proliferation and migration. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:154-161. [PMID: 37920124 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a complex genetic disease that results in hair loss due to an autoimmune-mediated attack on the hair follicle. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great potential to induce hair regeneration due to their strong secretion ability and multidirectional differentiation. Recent studies have revealed that the therapeutic potential of MSCs comes from their secretion ability, which can produce large amounts of bioactive substances and regulate the key physiological functions of subjects. The secretion products of MSCs, such as vesicles, exosomes, and conditioned media, have significant advantages in preparing of biological products derived from stem cells. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (uMSCs) are the best choice for exosome production. uMSCs are obtained from the human umbilical cord. The umbilical cord is easy to obtain, and the efficiency of uMSCs isolation and culture higher than that of obtaining MSCs from bone marrow or adipose tissue. In this study, we investigated the effects of exosomes released from uMSCs in AA mice. In summary, due to easy isolation and cultivation, simple preparation, and convenient storage, it is possible to obtain uMSCs, or uMSCs exosomes for research and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Hu
- Brigade Three Team, Basic Medical College, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Brigade Three Team, Basic Medical College, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujie Xie
- Brigade Three Team, Basic Medical College, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingnuo Jiang
- Brigade Three Team, Basic Medical College, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitao Ni
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlong Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjuan Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Chang Y, Gao X, Jiang Y, Wang J, Liu L, Yan J, Huang G, Yang H. Alpha-hederin reprograms multi-miRNAs activity and overcome small extracellular vesicles-mediated paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1257941. [PMID: 38362150 PMCID: PMC10867254 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1257941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) mediate intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and contribute to the malignant transformation of tumors, including unrestricted growth, metastasis, or therapeutic resistance. However, there is a lack of agents targeting sEVs to overcome or reverse tumor chemotherapy resistance through sEVs-mediated TME reprogramming. Methods: The paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant A549T cell line was used to explore the inhibitory effect of alpha-hederin on impeding the transmission of chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through the small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) pathway. This investigation utilized the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Transcriptomics, Western blot, oil red O staining, and targeted metabolomics were utilized to evaluate the impact of alpha-hederin on the expression of signaling pathways associated with chemoresistance transmission in NSCLC cells before and after treatment. In vivo molecular imaging and immunohistochemistry were conducted to assess how alpha-hederin influences the transmission of chemoresistance through the sEVs pathway. RT-PCR was employed to examine the expression of miRNA and lncRNA in response to alpha-hederin treatment. Results: The resistance to PTX chemotherapy in A549T cells was overcome by alpha-hederin through its dependence on sEV secretion. However, the effectiveness of alpha-hederin was compromised when vesicle secretion was blocked by the GW4869 inhibitor. Transcriptomic analysis for 463 upregulated genes in recipient cells exposed to A549T-derived sEVs revealed that these sEVs enhanced TGFβ signaling and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis pathways. Alpha-hederin inhibited 15 types of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis by reducing the signaling activity of the sEVs-mediated TGFβ/SMAD2 pathway. Further, we observed that alpha-hederin promoted the production of three microRNAs (miRNAs, including miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, and miR-125b-5p) and the sorting to sEVs in A549T cells. These miRNAs targeted the TGFβ/SMADs signaling activity in sEVs-recipient cells and sensitized them to the PTX therapy. Conclusion: Our finding demonstrated that alpha-hederin could sensitize PTX-resistant NSCLC cells by sEV-mediated multiple miRNAs accumulation, and inhibiting TGFβ/SMAD2 pathways in recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Oncology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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27
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Liu H, Zhang X, Zhang M, Zhang S, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Cai JP, Cheng K, Wang S. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes Repair Uterine Injury by Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3509-3519. [PMID: 38241636 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) refer to adhesions within the uterine cavity and cervix caused by injuries from uterine surgery. They are a significant cause of female infertility. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an active role in the treatment of IUA. However, the mechanism by which they reduce fibrosis in the damaged endometrium remains unclear. In this paper, we demonstrate that exosomes derived from placental mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) can restore uterine functions and improve the fertility rate of injured animals. This is achieved by promoting cell proliferation, increasing endometrial thickness, and reversing fibrosis. Regarding the molecular mechanism behind these therapeutic effects, we identify three specific miRNAs, namely, miR-125b-5p, miR-30c-5p, and miR-23a-3p, enriched in PMSC-exosomes, as the key players in the treatment of IUA. Specifically, miR-125b-5p/miR-30c-5p and miR-23a-3p inhibit the expression of smad2 and smad3 by targeting their 3'-untranslated regions, resulting in the downregulation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/smad signaling pathway and the reversal of fibrosis. Notably, the safety of PMSC-exosomes in intrauterine treatment was also been confirmed. In conclusion, we illustrate that exosomes derived from PMSCs possess the capability to repair endometrial damage and enhance fertility in injured animals by regulating the TGF-β/smad pathway via miR-125b-5p, miR-30c-5p, and miR-23a-3p. This provides insights into the precision treatment of IUA through exosome-based cell-free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidong Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005, China
| | - Mengtong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005, China
| | - Sichen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yingmin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jian Ping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032,United States
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005, China
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28
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Peng YW, Tang R, Xu QY, Mei SY, Zhou Y, Feng JH, Zhang SY, He ZY. Worldwide productivity and research trend of publications concerning extracellular vesicles role in fibrosis: A bibliometric study from 2013 to 2022. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24357. [PMID: 38293443 PMCID: PMC10826165 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fibrosis is a heavy burden on the global healthcare system. Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that Extracellular vesicles play an important role in intercellular communication under both physiological and pathological conditions. This study aimed to explore the role of extracellular vesicles' in fibrosis using bibliometric methods. Methods Original articles and reviews related to extracellular vesicles and fibrosis were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database on November 9, 2022. VOSviewer was used to obtain general information, including co-institution, co-authorship, and co-occurrence visualization maps. The CiteSpace software was used to analyze citation bursts of keywords and references, a timeline view of the top clusters of keywords and cited articles, and the dual map. R package "bibliometrix" was used to analyze annual production, citation per year, collaboration network between countries/regions, thematic evolution map, and historiography network. Results In total, 3376 articles related to extracellular vesicles and fibrosis published from 2013 to 2022 were included in this study, with China and the United States being the top contributors. Shanghai Jiao Tong University has the highest number of publications. The main collaborators were Giovanni Camussi, Stefania Bruno, Marta Tepparo, and Cristina Grange. Journals related to molecular, biology, genetics, health, immunology, and medicine tended to publish literature on extracellular vesicles and fibrosis. "Recovery," "heterogeneity," "degradation," "inflammation," and "mesenchymal stem cells" are the keywords in this research field. Literature on extracellular vesicles and fibrosis associated with several diseases, including "kidney disease," "rheumatoid arthritis," and "skin regeneration" may be the latest hot research field. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive perspective on extracellular vesicles and fibrosis through a bibliometric analysis of articles published between 2013 and 2022. We identified the most influential countries, institutions, authors, and journals. We provide information on recent research frontiers and trends for scholars interested in the field of extracellular vesicles and fibrosis. Their role in biological processes has great potential to initiate a new upsurge in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiao-Yi Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shu-Ya Mei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jin-Hua Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shu-Yi Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zheng-Yu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
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29
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Tan F, Li X, Wang Z, Li J, Shahzad K, Zheng J. Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:17. [PMID: 38212307 PMCID: PMC10784577 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with inescapable drawbacks that might limit its clinical translation. Compared to stem cells, stem cell-derived exosomes possess numerous advantages, such as non-immunogenicity, non-infusion toxicity, easy access, effortless preservation, and freedom from tumorigenic potential and ethical issues. Exosomes can inherit similar therapeutic effects from their parental cells such as embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells through vertical delivery of their pluripotency or multipotency. After a thorough search and meticulous dissection of relevant literature from the last five years, we present this comprehensive, up-to-date, specialty-specific and disease-oriented review to highlight the surgical application and potential of stem cell-derived exosomes. Exosomes derived from stem cells (e.g., embryonic, induced pluripotent, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, neural, and endothelial stem cells) are capable of treating numerous diseases encountered in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, general surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, urology, head and neck surgery, ophthalmology, and obstetrics and gynecology. The diverse therapeutic effects of stem cells-derived exosomes are a hierarchical translation through tissue-specific responses, and cell-specific molecular signaling pathways. In this review, we highlight stem cell-derived exosomes as a viable and potent alternative to stem cell-based therapy in managing various surgical conditions. We recommend that future research combines wisdoms from surgeons, nanomedicine practitioners, and stem cell researchers in this relevant and intriguing research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
- The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK.
| | - Xuran Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Khawar Shahzad
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Shao Z, Xu J, Xu X, Wang X, Zhou Y, Li Y, Li K. Exosomes Derived from Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibits Fibrosis and Treats Oral Submucous Fibrosis via the miR-181a-5p/Smad2 Axis. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:123-135. [PMID: 37755664 PMCID: PMC10764695 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic disease with carcinogenic tendency that poses a non-negligible threat to human health. Exosomes derived from human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC-Exo) reduces visceral and cutaneous fibroses, but their role in OSF has received little attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ADSC-Exo on OSF and elucidate the mechanism. METHODS In brief, ADSCs were extracted from adipose tissues and subjected to flow cytometry and induction culture. Fibroblasts were isolated from human buccal mucosa and subjected to immunofluorescence. Myofibroblasts were obtained from fibroblasts induced by arecoline and identified. Immunofluorescence assay confirmed that myofibroblasts could take up ADSC-Exo. The effects of ADSC-Exo on the proliferative and migratory capacities of myofibroblasts were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and scratch assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to evaluate mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2), Smad3, Smad7, collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, and vimentin. Western blotting was performed to detect phospho (p)-Smad2, Smad2, p-Smad2/3, Smad2/3, Smad7, Col1, Col3, α-SMA, fibronectin, and vimentin. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to prove that miR-181a-5p in ADSC-Exo directly inhibited the expression of Smad2 mRNA to regulate the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway. We also performed qPCR and western blotting to verify the results. RESULTS ADSC-Exo could promote the proliferation and migration of myofibroblasts, reduce the expressions of p-smad2, Smad2, p-smad2/3, Smad2/3, Col1, αSMA, fibronectin, and vimentin and elevated the levels of Smad7 and Col3. In addition, miR-181a-5p was highly expressed in ADSC-Exo and bound to the 3'-untranslated region of Smad2. ADSC-Exo enriched with miR-181a-5p reduced collagen production in myofibroblasts and modulated the TGF-β pathway. CONCLUSIONS ADSC-Exo promoted the proliferative and migratory capacities of myofibroblasts and inhibited collagen deposition and trans-differentiation of myofibroblasts in vitro. miR-181a-5p in exosomes targets Smad2 to regulate the TGF-β pathway in myofibroblasts. ADSC-Exo perform antifibrotic actions through the miR-181a-5p/Smad2 axis and may be a promising clinical treatment for OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Shao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jinhao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yuxi Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health, Changsha, China.
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Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Sharma V, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Kuca K, Chopra C. Advances in Genetic Reprogramming: Prospects from Developmental Biology to Regenerative Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1646-1690. [PMID: 37138422 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503144619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The foundations of cell reprogramming were laid by Yamanaka and co-workers, who showed that somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells (induced pluripotency). Since this discovery, the field of regenerative medicine has seen advancements. For example, because they can differentiate into multiple cell types, pluripotent stem cells are considered vital components in regenerative medicine aimed at the functional restoration of damaged tissue. Despite years of research, both replacement and restoration of failed organs/ tissues have remained elusive scientific feats. However, with the inception of cell engineering and nuclear reprogramming, useful solutions have been identified to counter the need for compatible and sustainable organs. By combining the science underlying genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming with regenerative medicine, scientists have engineered cells to make gene and stem cell therapies applicable and effective. These approaches have enabled the targeting of various pathways to reprogramme cells, i.e., make them behave in beneficial ways in a patient-specific manner. Technological advancements have clearly supported the concept and realization of regenerative medicine. Genetic engineering is used for tissue engineering and nuclear reprogramming and has led to advances in regenerative medicine. Targeted therapies and replacement of traumatized , damaged, or aged organs can be realized through genetic engineering. Furthermore, the success of these therapies has been validated through thousands of clinical trials. Scientists are currently evaluating induced tissue-specific stem cells (iTSCs), which may lead to tumour-free applications of pluripotency induction. In this review, we present state-of-the-art genetic engineering that has been used in regenerative medicine. We also focus on ways that genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming have transformed regenerative medicine and have become unique therapeutic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- Head of Bioinformatic Division, NMC Genetics India Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, CZ 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno, CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Ghorbani R, Hosseinzadeh S, Azari A, Taghipour N, Soleimani M, Rahimpour A, Abbaszadeh HA. The Current Status and Future Direction of Extracellular Nano-vesicles in the Alleviation of Skin Disorders. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:351-366. [PMID: 37073662 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230418121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from endocytic membranes. The transfer of biomolecules and biological compounds such as enzymes, proteins, RNA, lipids, and cellular waste disposal through exosomes plays an essential function in cell-cell communication and regulation of pathological and physiological processes in skin disease. The skin is one of the vital organs that makes up about 8% of the total body mass. This organ consists of three layers, epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis that cover the outer surface of the body. Heterogeneity and endogeneity of exosomes is an advantage that distinguishes them from nanoparticles and liposomes and leads to their widespread usage in the remedy of dermal diseases. The biocompatible nature of these extracellular vesicles has attracted the attention of many health researchers. In this review article, we will first discuss the biogenesis of exosomes, their contents, separation methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of exosomes. Then we will highlight recent developments related to the therapeutic applications of exosomes in the treatment of common skin disorders like atopic dermatitis, alopecia, epidermolysis bullosa, keloid, melanoma, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Ghorbani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezo Azari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taghipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahimpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bhaskara M, Anjorin O, Wang M. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal microRNAs in Cardiac Regeneration. Cells 2023; 12:2815. [PMID: 38132135 PMCID: PMC10742005 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is one of the most promising modalities for cardiac repair. Accumulated evidence suggests that the therapeutic value of MSCs is mainly attributable to exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) replicate the beneficial effects of MSCs by regulating various cellular responses and signaling pathways implicated in cardiac regeneration and repair. miRNAs constitute an important fraction of exosome content and are key contributors to the biological function of MSC-Exo. MSC-Exo carrying specific miRNAs provides anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and angiogenic effects within the infarcted heart. Studying exosomal miRNAs will provide an important insight into the molecular mechanisms of MSC-Exo in cardiac regeneration and repair. This significant information can help optimize cell-free treatment and overcome the challenges associated with MSC-Exo therapeutic application. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and the potential mechanisms of MSC-derived exosomal miRNAs in cardiac repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meijing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Hurley K, Clow R, Jadhav A, Azzam EI, Wang Y. Mitigation of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) with human umbilical cord blood. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:317-334. [PMID: 37967239 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2277372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The growing concern over potential unintended nuclear accidents or malicious activities involving nuclear/radiological devices cannot be overstated. Exposure to whole-body doses of radiation can result in acute radiation syndrome (ARS), colloquially known as "radiation sickness," which can severely damage various organ systems. Long-term health consequences, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, can develop many years post-exposure. Identifying effective medical countermeasures and devising a strategic medical plan represents an urgent, unmet need. Various clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for a range of illnesses, including ARS. The objective of this review is to thoroughly discuss ARS and its sub-syndromes, and to highlight recent findings regarding the use of UCB for radiation injury. UCB, a rich source of stem cells, boasts numerous advantages over other stem cell sources, like bone marrow, owing to its ease of collection and relatively low risk of severe graft-versus-host disease. Preclinical studies suggest that treatment with UCB, and often UCB-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), results in improved survival, accelerated hematopoietic recovery, reduced gastrointestinal tract damage, and mitigation of radiation-induced pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that UCB-derived exosomes and their microRNAs (miRNAs) might assist in treating radiation-induced damage, largely by inhibiting fibrotic pathways. CONCLUSION UCB holds substantial potential as a radiation countermeasure, and future research should focus on establishing treatment parameters for ARS victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hurley
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Rachel Clow
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Ashok Jadhav
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Edouard I Azzam
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Yi Wang
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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35
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Zhang G, Wang D, Ren J, Li J, Guo Q, Shi L, Li C. Antler stem cell-derived exosomes promote regenerative wound healing via fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition inhibition. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:67. [PMID: 37940994 PMCID: PMC10633995 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The typical outcome of mammalian wound healing is scarring, a fibrotic process mediated by myofibroblast aggregation. Perfect healing in a clinical setting is relatively unexplored. Surprisingly, our previous studies have shown that the large wound (10 cm diameter or more) of the pedicle of deer naturally achieves regenerative restoration, realized through a paracrine pathway from adjacent antler stem cells (AnSCs). METHODS AnSC-derived exosomes (AnSC-exos) were topically injected around the full-thickness wounds in a rat model. The effects on the rate of wound healing and the quality of healing were evaluated via morphological, histological, and molecular biological techniques on days 14 and 28 after surgery. RESULTS The results showed that AnSC-exos significantly accelerated the rate of wound healing and improved healing quality, including regeneration of cutaneous appendages (hair follicles and sebaceous glands) and the distribution pattern of collagen (basket-weave-like) in the healed skin. These effects of AnSC-exos were comparable to those of AnSCs but were significantly more potent than those of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMSC-exos). Furthermore, AnSC-exos treatment effectively inhibited fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT), as evidenced by the reduction of full-thickness skin injury-induced FMT in vivo and TGF-β1-induced FMT in vitro. CONCLUSION AnSC-exos could effectively promote regenerative cutaneous wound healing, highly likely through FMT inhibition. This suggests that AnSC-exos treatment could provide the potential for a novel approach to induce regenerative wound healing in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Zhang
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, No. 1345 of Pudong Rd., Changchun, Jilin, 130600, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, No. 1345 of Pudong Rd., Changchun, Jilin, 130600, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, No. 1345 of Pudong Rd., Changchun, Jilin, 130600, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jiping Li
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, No. 1345 of Pudong Rd., Changchun, Jilin, 130600, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, No. 1345 of Pudong Rd., Changchun, Jilin, 130600, China
| | - Liyan Shi
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Chunyi Li
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, No. 1345 of Pudong Rd., Changchun, Jilin, 130600, China.
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Lee CS, Lee M, Na K, Hwang HS. Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapy and Tissue Engineering Applications. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5278-5311. [PMID: 37867343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, stem cells and their secretomes have attracted great attention in biomedical applications, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secretomes of cells for cell-to-cell communication. They play a role as intercellular messengers as they carry proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and therapeutic agents. They have also been utilized as drug-delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, stability, targetability, and engineerable properties. The therapeutic potential of EVs can be further enhanced by surface engineering and modification using functional molecules such as aptamers, peptides, and antibodies. As a consequence, EVs hold great promise as effective delivery vehicles for enhancing treatment efficacy while avoiding side effects. Among various cell types that secrete EVs, stem cells are ideal sources of EVs because stem cells have unique properties such as self-renewal and regenerative potential for transplantation into damaged tissues that can facilitate their regeneration. However, challenges such as immune rejection and ethical considerations remain significant hurdles. Stem cell-derived EVs have been extensively explored as a cell-free approach that bypasses many challenges associated with cell-based therapy in cancer therapy and tissue regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of various types of stem cells as a source of EVs, their engineering, and applications of EVs, focusing on cancer therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Sung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kun Na
- Department of BioMedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sook Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Sarcinella A, Femminò S, Brizzi MF. Extracellular Vesicles: Emergent and Multiple Sources in Wound Healing Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15709. [PMID: 37958693 PMCID: PMC10650196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-healing wound- and tissue-injury are commonly experienced worldwide by the aging population. The persistence of disease commonly leads to tissue infection, resulting in severe clinical complications. In the last decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been considered promising and emergent therapeutic tools to improve the healing processes. Therefore, efforts have been directed to develop a cell-free therapeutic platform based on EV administration to orchestrate tissue repair. EVs derived from different cell types, including fibroblast, epithelial, and immune cells are recruited to the injured sites and in turn take part in scar formation. EVs are nano-sized particles containing a heterogeneous cargo consisting of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids protected from degradation by their lipid bilayer. Noteworthy, since EVs have natural biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, they represent the ideal therapeutic candidates for regenerative purposes. Indeed, EVs are released by several cell types, and even if they possess unique biological properties, their functional capability can be further improved by engineering their content and functionalizing their surface, allowing a specific cell cargo delivery. Herein, we provide an overview of preclinical data supporting the contribution of EVs in the repair and regenerative processes, focusing on different naïve EV sources, as well as on their engineering, to offer a scalable and low-cost therapeutic option for tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (S.F.)
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Deng Y, Li Y, Chu Z, Dai C, Ge J. Exosomes from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with gelatin methacryloyl inhibit vein graft restenosis by enhancing endothelial functions. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:380. [PMID: 37848990 PMCID: PMC10583421 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of coronary artery disease is increasing. As a common treatment method, coronary artery bypass transplantation surgery can improve heart problems while also causing corresponding complications. Venous graft restenosis is one of the most critical and intractable complications. Stem cell-derived exosomes could have therapeutic promise and value. However, as exosomes alone are prone to inactivation and easy removal, this therapeutic method has not been widely used in clinical practice. Methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) is a polymer with a loose porous structure that maintains the biological activity of the exosome and can control its slow release in vivo. In this study, we combined human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exos) and GelMA to explore their effects and underlying mechanisms in inhibiting venous graft restenosis. RESULTS Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) were appraised using flow cytometry. hUCMSC-Exos were evaluated via transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. hUCMSC-Exos embedded in a photosensitive GelMA hydrogel (GelMA-Exos) were applied topically around venous grafts in a rat model of cervical arteriovenous transplantation, and their effects on graft reendothelialization and restenosis were evaluated through ultrasonic, histological, and immunofluorescence examinations. Additionally, we analyzed the material properties, cellular reactions, and biocompatibility of the hydrogels. We further demonstrated that the topical application of GelMA-Exos could accelerate reendothelialization after autologous vein transplantation and reduce restenosis in the rat model. Notably, GelMA-Exos caused neither damage to major organs in mice nor excessive immune rejection. The uptake of GelMA-Exos by endothelial cells stimulated cell proliferation and migration in vitro. A bioinformatic analysis of existing databases revealed that various cell proliferation and apoptosis pathways, including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathways, might participate in the underlying regulatory mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the tail vein injection of hUCMSC-Exos, the local application of a mixture of hUCMSC-Exos and GelMA was more effective in promoting endothelial repair of the vein graft and inhibiting restenosis. Therefore, the proposed biomaterial-based therapeutic approach is a promising treatment for venous graft restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Deng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhuyang Chu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Chun Dai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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Su J, Wei Q, Ma K, Wang Y, Hu W, Meng H, Li Q, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Li H, Fu X, Zhang C. P-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate diabetic wound healing via miR-145-5p/ CDKN1A-mediated functional improvements of high glucose-induced senescent fibroblasts. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad010. [PMID: 37860579 PMCID: PMC10583213 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Persistent hyperglycaemia in diabetes causes functional abnormalities of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), partially leading to delayed skin wound healing. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing multiple pro-healing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to exert therapeutic effects on diabetic wound healing. The present study aimed to observe the effects of EVs derived from placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSC-EVs) on diabetic wound healing and high glucose (HG)-induced senescent fibroblasts and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods P-MSC-EVs were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation and locally injected into the full-thickness skin wounds of diabetic mice, to observe the beneficial effects on wound healing in vivo by measuring wound closure rates and histological analysis. Next, a series of assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of low (2.28 x 1010 particles/ml) and high (4.56 x 1010 particles/ml) concentrations of P-MSC-EVs on the senescence, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of HG-induced senescent HDFs in vitro. Then, miRNA microarrays and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were carried out to detect the differentially expressed miRNAs in HDFs after EVs treatment. Specific RNA inhibitors, miRNA mimics, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to evaluate the role of a candidate miRNA and its target genes in P-MSC-EV-induced improvements in the function of HG-induced senescent HDFs. Results Local injection of P-MSC-EVs into diabetic wounds accelerated wound closure and reduced scar widths, with better-organized collagen deposition and decreased p16INK4a expression. In vitro, P-MSC-EVs enhanced the antisenescence, proliferation, migration, and antiapoptotic abilities of HG-induced senescent fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. MiR-145-5p was found to be highly enriched in P-MSC-EVs. MiR-145-5p inhibitors effectively attenuated the P-MSC-EV-induced functional improvements of senescent fibroblasts. MiR-145-5p mimics simulated the effects of P-MSC-EVs on functional improvements of fibroblasts by suppressing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and activating the extracellular signal regulated kinase (Erk)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Furthermore, local application of miR-145-5p agomir mimicked the effects of P-MSC-EVs on wound healing. Conclusions These results suggest that P-MSC-EVs accelerate diabetic wound healing by improving the function of senescent fibroblasts through the transfer of miR-145-5p, which targets cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A to activate the Erk/Akt signaling pathway. P-MSC-EVs are promising therapeutic candidates for diabetic wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Su
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wenzhi Hu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hao Meng
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiankun Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuehou Zhang
- Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Wound Repair, Institute of Wound Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, 6019 Xililiuxian Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
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Liu C, Chen X, Liu Y, Sun L, Yu Z, Ren Y, Zeng C, Li Y. Engineering Extracellular Matrix-Bound Nanovesicles Secreted by Three-Dimensional Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301112. [PMID: 37225144 PMCID: PMC10723826 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the human tissue contains vesicles, which are defined as matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBVs). MBVs serve as one of the functional components in ECM, recapitulating part of the regulatory roles and in vivo microenvironment. In this study, extracellular vesicles from culture supernatants (SuEVs) and MBVs are isolated from the conditioned medium or ECM, respectively, of 3D human mesenchymal stem cells. Nanoparticle tracking analysis shows that MBVs are smaller than SuEVs (100-150 nm). Transmission electron microscopy captures the typical cup shape morphology for both SuEVs and MBVs. Western blot reveals that MBVs have low detection of some SuEV markers such as syntenin-1. miRNA analysis of MBVs shows that 3D microenvironment enhances the expression of miRNAs such as miR-19a and miR-21. In vitro functional analysis shows that MBVs can facilitate human pluripotent stem cell-derived forebrain organoid recovery after starvation and promote high passage fibroblast proliferation. In macrophage polarization, 2D MBVs tend to suppress the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12β, while 3D MBVs tend to enhance the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. This study has the significance in advancing the understanding of the bio-interface of nanovesicles with human tissue and the design of cell-free therapy for treating neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
| | - Xingchi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
- High Performance Materials Institute, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University
| | - Zhibin Yu
- High Performance Materials Institute, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University
| | - Changchun Zeng
- High Performance Materials Institute, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University
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41
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Niu S, Li B, Gu H, Huang Q, Cheng Y, Wang C, Cao G, Yang Q, Zhang D, Cao J. Knowledge mapping of extracellular vesicles in wound healing: A bibliometric analysis (2002-2022). Int Wound J 2023; 20:3221-3240. [PMID: 37183322 PMCID: PMC10502250 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles in wound healing have become an active research field with substantial value and potential. Nevertheless, there are few bibliometric studies in this field. We aimed to visualise the research hot spots and trends of extracellular vesicles in wound healing using a bibliometric analysis to help understand the future development of basic and clinical research. The articles and reviews regarding extracellular vesicles in the wound healing were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewers, CiteSpace and R package "bibliometric" were used to conduct this bibliometric analysis. A total of 1225 articles from 56 countries led by China and the United States were included. The number of publications related to extracellular vesicles increased year by year. Shanghai Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University and Central South University are the main research institutions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is the most popular journal in this field, while Stem Cell Research & Therapy is the most frequently cited journal. These papers come from 7546 authors, among which Zhang Wei has published the most papers and Zhang Bin has the most cocited papers. The research on the treatment strategy of extracellular vesicles in the process of wound healing is the main topic in this field. "exosomes", "miRNA", "angiogenesis", "regenerative medicine", "inflammation" and "diabetic wound" are the main key words of emerging research hotspots. This is the first bibliometric study, which comprehensively summarises the research trend and development of extracellular vesicles and exocrine bodies in wound healing. These informations determine the latest research frontiers and hot directions, and provide reference for the study of extracellular vesicles and exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao‐hui Niu
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Bei Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina
| | - Han‐cheng Gu
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Qiang Huang
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ya‐qing Cheng
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Chang Wang
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Gang Cao
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Dong‐ping Zhang
- Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jian‐chun Cao
- Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
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Yu L, Qin J, Xing J, Dai Z, Zhang T, Wang F, Zhou J, Zhang X, Chen X, Gu Y. The mechanisms of exosomes in diabetic foot ulcers healing: a detailed review. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1209-1228. [PMID: 37691076 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
As time goes by, the morbidity of diabetes mellitus continues to rise, and the economic burden of diabetic foot ulcers as a common and serious complication of diabetes is increasing. However, currently there is no unified clinical treatment strategy for this complication, and the therapeutic efficacy is unsatisfactory. Recent studies have revealed that biological effects of exosomes involved in multiple stages of the process of wound closure are similar to source cells. Compared with source cells, exosomes possess lowly immunogenicity, highly stability and easily stored, etc. Accumulating evidence confirmed that exosomes promote diabetic wound healing through various pathways such as promoting angiogenesis, collagen fiber deposition, and inhibiting inflammation. The superior therapeutic efficacy of exosomes in accelerating diabetic cutaneous wound healing has attracted an increasing attention. Notably, the molecular mechanisms of exosomes vary among different sources in the chronic wound closure of diabetes. This review focuses on the specific roles and mechanisms of different cell- or tissue-derived exosomes relevant to wound healing. Additionally, the paper provides an overview of the current pre-clinical and clinical applications of exosomes, illustrates their special advantages in wound repair. Furthermore, we discuss the potential obstacles and various solutions for future research on exosomes in the management of diabetic foot ulcer. The aim is to offer novel insights and approaches for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Xing
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Nantong Xingzhong Cell Engineering Co. LTD, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Nantong Xingzhong Cell Engineering Co. LTD, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunjuan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang G, Shi L, Li J, Wang S, Ren J, Wang D, Hu P, Wang Y, Li C. Antler stem cell exosomes alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting recruitment of monocyte macrophage, rather than polarization of M2 macrophages in mice. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:359. [PMID: 37770458 PMCID: PMC10539297 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF), a chronic interstitial lung disease, is characterized by over-abundant deposition of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of collagen I. In previous studies, we demonstrated that deer antler stem cells (AnSCs), a novel type of adult stem cell, are capable of significantly down-regulating collagen formation in different organs and tissues and speculated that they could effectively treat PF via reducing collagen deposition in the lung tissue. In the present study, we found that administration of AnSCs improved the survival rate of PF mice and reduced lung fibrosis, collagen deposition and myofibroblast differentiation. The effects of AnSC treatment were significantly better than the positive control (adipose-derived stem cells). Interestingly, AnSC-Exos were almost equally effective as AnSCs in treating PF, suggesting that the effects of AnSCs on reduction of PF may be mainly through a paracrine mechanism. Further, AnSC-Exos reduced the number of M2 macrophages, a type of macrophage that secrets pro-fibrotic factors to accelerate fibrotic progression, in the lung tissues. In vitro experiments showed that the effects of AnSC-Exos on macrophage modulation were likely achieved via inhibition of the recruitment of circulating monocyte-derived macrophages (reducing the number of macrophages), rather than via inhibition of M2 polarization of macrophages. Inhibition of macrophage recruitment by AnSCs may be achieved indirectly via inhibiting CCL7 expression in fibroblasts; both let-7b and let-7a were highly enriched in AnSC-Exos and may play a critical role in the inhibition of CCL7 expression of fibroblasts. Collectively, the use of antler stem cells or their exosomes opens up a novel strategy for PF treatment in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Zhang
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China
| | - Liyan Shi
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Jiping Li
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Hu
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Chunyi Li
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, 130600, Changchun, China.
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, China.
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Hu XM, Wang CC, Xiao Y, Jiang P, Liu Y, Qi ZQ. Enhanced wound healing and hemostasis with exosome-loaded gelatin sponges from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:947-959. [PMID: 37900941 PMCID: PMC10600743 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i9.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid wound healing remains a pressing clinical challenge, necessitating studies to hasten this process. A promising approach involves the utilization of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) derived exosomes. The hypothesis of this study was that these exosomes, when loaded onto a gelatin sponge, a common hemostatic material, would enhance hemostasis and accelerate wound healing. AIM To investigate the hemostatic and wound healing efficacy of gelatin sponges loaded with hUC-MSCs-derived exosomes. METHODS Ultracentrifugation was used to extract exosomes from hUC-MSCs. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and western blot techniques were used to validate the exosomes. In vitro experiments were performed using L929 cells to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the exosomes and their impact on cell growth and survival. New Zealand rabbits were used for skin irritation experiments to assess whether they caused adverse skin reactions. Hemolysis test was conducted using a 2% rabbit red blood cell suspension to detect whether they caused hemolysis. Moreover, in vivo experiments were carried out by implanting a gelatin sponge loaded with exosomes subcutaneously in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to perform biocompatibility tests. In addition, coagulation index test was conducted to evaluate their impact on blood coagulation. Meanwhile, SD rat liver defect hemostasis model and full-thickness skin defect model were used to study whether the gelatin sponge loaded with exosomes effectively stopped bleeding and promoted wound healing. RESULTS The NTA, TEM, and western blot experimental results confirmed that exosomes were successfully isolated from hUC-MSCs. The gelatin sponge loaded with exosomes did not exhibit significant cell toxicity, skin irritation, or hemolysis, and they demonstrated good compatibility in SD rats. Additionally, the effectiveness of the gelatin sponge loaded with exosomes in hemostasis and wound healing was validated. The results of the coagulation index experiment indicated that the gelatin sponge loaded with exosomes had significantly better coagulation effect compared to the regular gelatin sponge, and they showed excellent hemostatic performance in a liver defect hemostasis model. Finally, the full-thickness skin defect healing experiment results showed significant improvement in the healing process of wounds treated with the gelatin sponge loaded with exosomes compared to other groups. CONCLUSION Collectively, the gelatin sponge loaded with hUC-MSCs-derived exosomes is safe and efficacious for promoting hemostasis and accelerating wound healing, warranting further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Mei Hu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Can-Can Wang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhong-Quan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Yu D, Mei Y, Wang L, Zhao Y, Fan X, Liang D, Li L, Zhu J, Bi S, Wang X, Qi Z, Zhu L, Wang Y. Nano-seq analysis reveals different functional tendency between exosomes and microvesicles derived from hUMSC. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:272. [PMID: 37749641 PMCID: PMC10521478 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) are widely considered to be the best mediators for cell-free therapy. An understanding of their composition, especially RNA, is particularly important for the safe and precise application of EVs. Up to date, the knowledge of their RNA components is limited to NGS sequencing and cannot provide a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape, especially the long and full-length transcripts. Our study first focused on the transcriptomic profile of hUMSC-EVs based on nanopore sequencing. METHODS In this study, different EV subtypes (exosomes and microvesicles) derived from hUMSCs were isolated and identified by density gradient centrifugation. Subsequently, the realistic long transcriptomic profile in different subtypes of hUMSC-EVs was systematically compared by nanopore sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS Abundant transcript variants were identified in EVs by nanopore sequencing, 69.34% of which transcripts were fragmented. A series of full-length and long transcripts was also observed and showed a significantly higher proportion of intact or near-complete transcripts in exosomes than that in microvesicles derived from hUMSCs. Although the composition of RNA biotypes transported by different EV subtypes was similar, the distribution of transcripts and genes revealed the inter-heterogeneity and intra-stability between exosomes and microvesicles. Further, 85 different expressed transcripts (56 genes) and 7 fusion genes were identified. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that upregulated-expressed genes in microvesicles were mainly enriched in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, while upregulated-expressed genes in exosomes were mainly enriched in neutrophil extracellular trap formation, suggesting different functional tendencies of EV subtypes. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a novel understanding of different types of hUMSC-EVs, which not only suggests different transcriptome sorting mechanisms between exosomes and microvesicles, but also shows that different EV subtypes from the same source have different physiological functions, suggesting distinct clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yu
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Mei
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medicine Collage, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfei Fan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medicine Collage, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medicine Collage, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sisi Bi
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lie Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medicine Collage, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Russo E, Alberti G, Corrao S, Borlongan CV, Miceli V, Conaldi PG, Di Gaudio F, La Rocca G. The Truth Is Out There: Biological Features and Clinical Indications of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Perinatal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2347. [PMID: 37830562 PMCID: PMC10571796 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of perinatal tissues to provide cellular populations to be used in different applications of regenerative medicine is well established. Recently, the efforts of researchers are being addressed regarding the evaluation of cell products (secreted molecules or extracellular vesicles, EVs) to be used as an alternative to cellular infusion. The data regarding the effective recapitulation of most perinatal cells' properties by their secreted complement point in this direction. EVs secreted from perinatal cells exhibit key therapeutic effects such as tissue repair and regeneration, the suppression of inflammatory responses, immune system modulation, and a variety of other functions. Although the properties of EVs from perinatal derivatives and their significant potential for therapeutic success are amply recognized, several challenges still remain that need to be addressed. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date analysis of the most recent results in the field, which can be addressed in future research in order to overcome the challenges that are still present in the characterization and utilization of the secreted complement of perinatal cells and, in particular, mesenchymal stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Russo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Giusi Alberti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Simona Corrao
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (V.M.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (V.M.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (V.M.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Francesca Di Gaudio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infantile Care, Excellence Internal and Specialist Medicine “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giampiero La Rocca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.R.); (G.A.)
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Chen J, Yu W, Xiao C, Su N, Han Y, Zhai L, Hou C. Exosome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuates scar formation through microRNA-181a/SIRT1 axis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 746:109733. [PMID: 37652148 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Pathological scarring is the greatest challenge after injury. Exosome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells has been reported effective to improve hypertrophic scar. This study focused on the possible mechanisms during this process. Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were extracted first. Hypertrophic scar tissue and paired normal skin tissue were collected from patients. Mice skin incision model and fibroblasts model were established. TGF-β1 was used to stimulate fibroblasts to myofibroblasts transdifferentiation. It was found that exosomes injection could decrease collagen sediment after wound healing. During which, the expression of microRNA-181a decreased. Further, we found that expression of microRNA-181a in scar tissue was higher than in normal skin. Then hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts were used for in vitro study. It was found that similar to the use of exosomes, microRNA-181a inhibitor decreased the expression of collagen and α-SMA. While microRNA-181a mimics suppressed the effects of exosomes. During fibroblast to myofibroblast trans-differentiation, level of microRNA-181a well as levels of scar-related molecules also decreased with the use of exosomes and vice versa. SIRT1 was confirmed one of the downstream targets of microRNA-181a. Suppression of SIRT1 led to diminished effects of exosomes in hypertrophic scar derived fibroblasts. In mice skin incision model, injection of SIRT1 inhibitor led to increased collagen synthesis. In conclusion, exosomes from Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are promising to antagonize scarring through the regulation of microRNA-181a/SIRT1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, China; Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, China
| | - Chao Xiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, China
| | - Na Su
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, China
| | - Yubo Han
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, China
| | - Liang Zhai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, China.
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48
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Dedier M, Magne B, Nivet M, Banzet S, Trouillas M. Anti-inflammatory effect of interleukin-6 highly enriched in secretome of two clinically relevant sources of mesenchymal stromal cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1244120. [PMID: 37745306 PMCID: PMC10512713 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1244120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite several advances in the field of regenerative medicine, clinical management of extensive skin wounds or burns remains a major therapeutic issue. During the past few years, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic tool to promote tissue repair through their anti-inflammatory, pro-trophic and pro-remodeling effects. They exert their biological activity mainly via the secretion of soluble bioactive molecules such as cytokines, growth factors, proteins and microRNAs which can be encapsulated within extracellular vesicles (EV). The recent discovery of their high plasticity to external stimuli has fostered the development of new targeted therapies known as priming strategies, to enhance their potential. Our team recently showed that Interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-primed gingival MSCs promote wound healing and epidermal engraftment in vitro, and in vivo through their secreted products that contain extracellular vesicles. In the present work, we investigated whether two common sources of MSCs, gingiva and bone marrow, could respond similarly to IL-1β to favor pro-healing capabilities of their secretome. We showed that both primed-MSC sources, or their related secreted products, are able to reduce inflammation in LPS-challenged human monocytic THP-1 cell line. IL-1β priming enhanced MSC secretion of wound healing-related growth factors, cytokines and miRNAs in both sources. Among them, interleukin 6 was shown to be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of MSC secreted products. Overall, these results underline the pro-healing properties of both MSC sources and their secretome upon IL-1β priming and their potential to improve the current medical treatment of severe wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Dedier
- French Armed-forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Clamart, France
- UMR-MD-U1197, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Brice Magne
- French Armed-forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Clamart, France
- UMR-MD-U1197, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Muriel Nivet
- French Armed-forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Clamart, France
- UMR-MD-U1197, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Sébastien Banzet
- French Armed-forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Clamart, France
- UMR-MD-U1197, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Marina Trouillas
- French Armed-forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Clamart, France
- UMR-MD-U1197, Inserm, Villejuif, France
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49
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Qin X, He J, Wang X, Wang J, Yang R, Chen X. The functions and clinical application potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells on wound repair: a review of recent research advances. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256687. [PMID: 37691943 PMCID: PMC10486026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is a complex problem for both clinical practitioners and scientific investigators. Conventional approaches to wound repair have been associated with several limitations, including prolonged treatment duration, high treatment expenses, and significant economic and psychological strain on patients. Consequently, there is a pressing demand for more efficacious and secure treatment modalities to enhance the existing treatment landscapes. In the field of wound repair, cell-free therapy, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), has made notable advancements in recent years. Exosomes, which are small lipid bilayer vesicles discharged by MSCs, harbor bioactive constituents such as proteins, lipids, microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA). These constituents facilitate material transfer and information exchange between the cells, thereby regulating their biological functions. This article presents a comprehensive survey of the function and mechanisms of MSC-Exos in the context of wound healing, emphasizing their beneficial impact on each phase of the process, including the regulation of the immune response, inhibition of inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis, advancement of cell proliferation and migration, and reduction of scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Qin
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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50
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Ding JY, Chen MJ, Wu LF, Shu GF, Fang SJ, Li ZY, Chu XR, Li XK, Wang ZG, Ji JS. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in skin wound healing: roles, opportunities and challenges. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:36. [PMID: 37587531 PMCID: PMC10433599 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00472-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds are characterized by injury to the skin due to trauma, tearing, cuts, or contusions. As such injuries are common to all human groups, they may at times represent a serious socioeconomic burden. Currently, increasing numbers of studies have focused on the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in skin wound repair. As a cell-free therapy, MSC-derived EVs have shown significant application potential in the field of wound repair as a more stable and safer option than conventional cell therapy. Treatment based on MSC-derived EVs can significantly promote the repair of damaged substructures, including the regeneration of vessels, nerves, and hair follicles. In addition, MSC-derived EVs can inhibit scar formation by affecting angiogenesis-related and antifibrotic pathways in promoting macrophage polarization, wound angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and cell migration, and by inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix production. Additionally, these structures can serve as a scaffold for components used in wound repair, and they can be developed into bioengineered EVs to support trauma repair. Through the formulation of standardized culture, isolation, purification, and drug delivery strategies, exploration of the detailed mechanism of EVs will allow them to be used as clinical treatments for wound repair. In conclusion, MSC-derived EVs-based therapies have important application prospects in wound repair. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of their current status, application potential, and associated drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, Lishui, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, Lishui, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-Feng Wu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical College of the Affiliated Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gao-Feng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, Lishui, China
- Clinical College of the Affiliated Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shi-Ji Fang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, Lishui, China
- Clinical College of the Affiliated Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Li
- Department of Overseas Education College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Xu-Ran Chu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Xiao-Kun Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhou-Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, Lishui, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, Lishui, China.
- Clinical College of the Affiliated Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
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