1
|
Thornton E, Petersen K, Marquez J, Humphrey N. Do Patterns of Adolescent Participation in Arts, Culture and Entertainment Activities Predict Later Wellbeing? A Latent Class Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1396-1414. [PMID: 38466529 PMCID: PMC11045570 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Participation in arts, culture, and entertainment (PACE) activities may promote adolescent wellbeing. However, little is known about how such activities cluster together, and previous research has used small samples, cross-sectional designs, focused on single activities, and/or has not considered the influence of socio-demographic factors on participation. Using latent class analysis, the aims of this study were to establish: (i) classes of adolescent PACE activities; (ii) associations between socio-demographic characteristics and PACE classification; and, (iii) whether PACE classification predicts later wellbeing. Longitudinal data from the #BeeWell study (N = 18,224 adolescents; mean age at T1 = 12 years 7 months (±3.56 months); 50.54% female) were analyzed. Four latent classes were established: the 'Dynamic Doers' (high, wide-ranging participation; 11.87%); the 'Mind and Body Crew' (reading, arts, videogames, sports/exercise; 39.81%); the 'Game and Gain Squad' (videogames and sports/exercise; 29.05%); and the 'Activity Free Adolescents' (uniformly low participation; 19.27%). Associations between socio-demographic characteristics and PACE classification were observed (e.g., socio-economic disadvantage increased the likelihood of Activity Free Adolescents classification, compared to Game and Gain Squad classification). Finally, PACE classification predicted later wellbeing (e.g., Dynamic Doers reported significantly higher wellbeing than Activity Free Adolescents). These findings are discussed in relation to the need to improve accessibility and appeal of arts, culture, and entertainment provision for adolescents as a means to optimize their wellbeing. PRE-REGISTRATION: The analysis plan for this study was pre-registered on the Open Science Framework and can be found here: https://osf.io/2jtpd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Thornton
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Jose Marquez
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taverno Ross SE, Saunders RP, Dowda M, Pate RR. Longitudinal changes in domains of physical activity during the transition from elementary school to high school in the U.S. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:261-266. [PMID: 37156695 PMCID: PMC10330139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe patterns of age-related change in self-reported physical activity domains within a heterogeneous sample of boys and girls in the U.S. transitioning from elementary to high school. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Participants included n = 644 children recruited in 5th grade (10.5 ± 0.5 years old, 45 % female) who completed the Physical Activity Choices survey at least twice over 5 time points (5th, 6th, 7th, 9th and 11th grade). Participants' self-reported physical activities were categorized into organized and non-organized activities, and a comprehensive variable was created as the product of the total number of physical activities reported in the past 5 days, the number of days spent in each activity, and the total time spent in each activity. Descriptive statistics and growth curve models (controlling for covariates) for the total sample and by sex were examined for total, organized, and non-organized physical activities from ages 10 to 17. RESULTS There was a significant age by gender interaction (p < 0.05) for time spent in non-organized physical activities. Specifically, both sexes had similar patterns of decline before age 13, while boys increased after age 13 and girls declined and then maintained. In contrast, boys and girls declined in organized physical activities from ages 10 to 17 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We observed stark differences in the age-related change between organized and non-organized physical activities and marked differences in the patterns of non-organized physical activities between boys and girls. Future research should examine physical activity interventions that consider age-, sex-, and domain-specific physical activity options for youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth P Saunders
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Marsha Dowda
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Russell R Pate
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mello GTD, Bertuol C, Minatto G, Barbosa Filho VC, Oldenburg B, Leech RM, Silva KS. A systematic review of the clustering and correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior among boys and girls. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:372. [PMID: 36810023 PMCID: PMC9942368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying the clustering and correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) is very important for developing appropriate lifestyle interventions for children and adolescents. This systematic review (Prospero CRD42018094826) aimed to identify PA and SB cluster patterns and their correlates among boys and girls (0-19 years). The search was carried out in five electronic databases. Cluster characteristics were extracted in accordance with authors' descriptions by two independent reviewers and a third resolved any disagreements. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria and the population age ranged from six to 18 years old. Nine, twelve, and ten cluster types were identified for mixed-sex samples, boys, and girls, respectively. While girls were in clusters characterized by "Low PA Low SB" and "Low PA High SB", the majority of boys were in clusters defined by "High PA High SB" and "High PA Low SB". Few associations were found between sociodemographic variables and all cluster types. Boys and girls in "High PA High SB" clusters had higher BMI and obesity in most of the tested associations. In contrast, those in the "High PA Low SB" clusters presented lower BMI, waist circumference, and overweight and obesity. Different cluster patterns of PA and SB were observed in boys and girls. However, in both sexes, a better adiposity profile was found among children and adolescents in "High PA Low SB" clusters. Our results suggest that it is not enough to increase PA to manage the adiposity correlates, it is also necessary to reduce SB in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielli Thais de Mello
- Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Cecília Bertuol
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Giseli Minatto
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | | | - Brian Oldenburg
- grid.1051.50000 0000 9760 5620Implementation Science Lab, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, 3004 Australia ,grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086 Australia
| | - Rebecca Maree Leech
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria Australia
| | - Kelly Samara Silva
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pate RR, Dishman RK, Dowda M, McIver KL, Pfeiffer KA, Porter DE, Saunders RP, Ward DS. A Summary of One Research Team's Contributions to Understanding Physical Activity Behavior in Children and Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14136. [PMID: 36361011 PMCID: PMC9655861 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Schools are well-positioned to provide physical activity opportunities to help youth achieve the recommended 60 or more daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The Children's Physical Activity Research Group (CPARG) at the University of South Carolina has focused on understanding physical activity in school-aged youth for 30+ years. The purpose of this article was to critically review (CPARG) contributions to the field in school settings and school-age youth. We reviewed 127 published CPARG articles from six research projects conducted between 1993-2019. The review was guided by questions in five categories: measurement of physical activity and its determinants, characteristics of physical activity behavior, correlates/determinants of physical activity, physical activity interventions, and race/ethnicity and physical activity. Results were summarized by question and synthesized across categories. CPARG contributions included assessing physical activity levels, patterns, forms, and contexts; identifying and measuring physical activity correlates/determinants; and conducting school-based physical activity interventions. Identifying multiple domains of physical activity determinants enables researchers and practitioners to select/design age-appropriate, valid, and reliable instruments to assess determinants. Focusing on determinants enables them to create effective physical activity interventions, environments, programs, and policies in schools. These efforts must address race/ethnicity differences, ensuring that measurement instruments and intervention strategies are culturally appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell R. Pate
- Public Health Research Center, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Rod K. Dishman
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Georgia Ramsey Student Center, 330 River Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Marsha Dowda
- Public Health Research Center, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Kerry L. McIver
- Public Health Research Center, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Karin A. Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, 308 West Circle Drive, 27R Intramural Rec Sports-Circle, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Dwayne E. Porter
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Green Street, Suite 518, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Ruth P. Saunders
- Public Health Research Center, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Dianne S. Ward
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, CB # 7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Clark HJ, Dudley D, Barratt J, Cairney J. Physical literacy predicts the physical activity and sedentary behaviours of youth. J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:750-754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
6
|
D’Souza NJ, Zheng M, Abbott G, Lioret S, Hesketh KD. Associations between Child and Family Level Correlates and Behavioural Patterns in School-Aged Children. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8111023. [PMID: 34828735 PMCID: PMC8620248 DOI: 10.3390/children8111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Identifying correlates of behavioural patterns are important to target population sub-groups at increased health risk. The aim was to investigate correlates of behavioural patterns comprising four behavioural domains in children. Data were from the HAPPY study when children were 6–8 years (n = 335) and 9–11 years (n = 339). Parents reported correlate and behavioural data (dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep). Behavioural data were additionally captured using accelerometers. Latent profile analysis was used to derive patterns. Patterns were identified as healthy, unhealthy, and mixed at both time points. Multinomial logistic regression tested for associations. Girls were more likely to display healthy patterns at 6–8 years and display unhealthy and mixed patterns at 9–11 years than boys, compared to other patterns at the corresponding ages. Increased risk of displaying the unhealthy pattern with higher age was observed at both timepoints. At 9–11 years, higher parental working hours were associated with lower risk of displaying mixed patterns compared to the healthy pattern. Associations observed revealed girls and older children to be at risk for unhealthy patterns, warranting customisation of health efforts to these groups. The number of behaviours included when deriving patterns and the individual behaviours that dominate each pattern appear to be drivers of the associations for child level, but not for family level, correlates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninoshka J. D’Souza
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.Z.); (G.A.); (K.D.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.Z.); (G.A.); (K.D.H.)
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.Z.); (G.A.); (K.D.H.)
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CRESS), Université de Paris, INSERM, INRAE, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Kylie D. Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.Z.); (G.A.); (K.D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
D'Souza NJ, Kuswara K, Zheng M, Leech R, Downing KL, Lioret S, Campbell KJ, Hesketh KD. A systematic review of lifestyle patterns and their association with adiposity in children aged 5-12 years. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13029. [PMID: 32297464 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep are typically examined independently with childhood adiposity; however, their combined influence remains uncertain. This review aims to systematically summarize evidence on the clustering of these behaviours through lifestyle patterns and evaluate associations with adiposity in children aged 5-12 years. Search strategies were run in six databases. Twenty-eight papers met the inclusion criteria, six of which included all four behaviours. A range of lifestyle patterns were identified (healthy, unhealthy and mixed). Mixed patterns were most frequently reported. Unhealthy patterns comprising low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour were also frequently observed. Mixed patterns comprising healthy diets, low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour were more commonly seen in girls, whereas boys were more physically active, similarly sedentary and had unhealthier diets. Children from lower socio-economic backgrounds tended to more frequently display unhealthy patterns. Unhealthy lifestyle patterns were more often associated with adiposity risk than healthy and mixed patterns. With few studies including all four behaviours, it is difficult to establish a clear picture of their interplay and associations with adiposity. Nonetheless, reliance on lifestyle patterns is likely more beneficial than individual behaviours in targeting adiposity and improving understanding of how these behaviours influence health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninoshka J D'Souza
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Konsita Kuswara
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Leech
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine L Downing
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CRESS), Universite de Paris, INSERM, INRA, 75004, Paris, France
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McGovern J, Drewson SR, Hope A, Konopack JF. Gender Differences in a Youth Physical Activity Intervention: Movement Levels and Children’s Perceptions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2020.1712667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
9
|
Auhuber L, Vogel M, Grafe N, Kiess W, Poulain T. Leisure Activities of Healthy Children and Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122078. [PMID: 31212786 PMCID: PMC6617342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to give a detailed overview on the leisure behavior of adolescents (frequency, differences between gender, age groups and social class, time trends, and inter-relations). In total, 1449 10- to 18-year-old German adolescents were included in the study. Participants answered questionnaires about their media use, physical activity, outdoor time, engagement in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing, social life and socio-economic status (SES). The results revealed that girls, children with lower SES as well as older children reported to use screen-based media more often and that girls, older children and children with lower SES were less physically active. In addition, boys and children with lower SES engaged less frequently in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing, while children with higher SES met their friends more often. The time trend analysis showed that mobile phone use increased drastically from 2011 to 2017, while engagement in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing decreased. Regarding the inter-relation between leisure activities, high screen times were significantly associated with less physical activity and less outdoor time. Physical activity, in contrast, was significantly related to better social life and more outdoor time. These findings highlight the growing importance of electronic media in adolescents’ lives and their tendency to displace other leisure activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Auhuber
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mandy Vogel
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Nico Grafe
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xie H, Scott JL, Caldwell LL. Urban Adolescents' Physical Activity Experience, Physical Activity Levels, and Use of Screen-Based Media during Leisure Time: A Structural Model. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2317. [PMID: 29410634 PMCID: PMC5787078 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited understanding of the relationship between physical activity and use of screen-based media, two important behaviors associated with adolescents’ health outcomes. To understand this relationship, researchers may need to consider not only physical activity level but also physical activity experience (i.e., affective experience obtained from doing physical activity). Using a sample predominantly consisting of African and Latino American urban adolescents, this study examined the interrelationships between physical activity experience, physical activity level, and use of screen-based media during leisure time. Data collected using self-report, paper and pencil surveys was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results showed that physical activity experience was positively associated with physical activity level and had a direct negative relationship with use of non-active video games for males and a direct negative relationship with use of computer/Internet for both genders, after controlling for physical activity level. Physical activity level did not have a direct relationship with use of non-active video games or computer/Internet. However, physical activity level had a direct negative association with use of TV/movies. This study suggests that physical activity experience may play an important role in promoting physical activity and thwarting use of screen-based media among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Department of Recreation and Tourism Management, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, United States
| | - Jason L Scott
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Linda L Caldwell
- Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Barr-Anderson DJ, Flynn JI, Dowda M, Taverno Ross SE, Schenkelberg MA, Reid LA, Pate RR. The Modifying Effects of Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status on the Change in Physical Activity From Elementary to Middle School. J Adolesc Health 2017; 61:562-570. [PMID: 28732715 PMCID: PMC5654669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Youth physical activity (PA) levels differ by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). It is well established that various multilevel factors may influence changes in PA. The present study examined whether the association between the change in individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors and the change in PA is modified by race/ethnicity or SES. METHODS This study followed 643 youths and their parents from suburban and rural South Carolina participating in the Transitions and Activity Changes in Kids (TRACK) Study in 2008-2009 and 2010-2011. We assessed total PA in youth using accelerometry and categorized youth and parent survey data into blocks based on the socioecological model. Multivariate regression growth curve models evaluated whether the association between change in independent variables and change in PA was modified by race/ethnicity or SES. RESULTS PA declined from fifth to seventh grade among all racial/ethnic and SES groups. Associations between the range of variables and change in PA were modified by race/ethnicity but not SES. Blacks did not share any common predictors of change in PA with whites or Hispanics. However, child-reported number of active friends was associated with total PA, and enjoyment of PA was associated with change in PA among both whites and Hispanics. Significant interactions by time varied by racial/ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS The factors that influence changes in youth PA vary by race/ethnicity but not SES. These findings reinforce the complex nature of addressing PA behavior in diverse samples and further support the need for culturally appropriate interventions to promote PA in youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marsha Dowda
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Sharon E Taverno Ross
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Lauren A Reid
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Russell R Pate
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|