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Wang G, Liu S, Kong X, Jiao H, Tong F, Guo Z, Zhang M, Guan X, Ren N, Li W, Qi L, Wei Y. Lipocalin-2 induced LDHA expression promotes vascular remodelling in pulmonary hypertension. Cell Prolif 2024:e13717. [PMID: 39021353 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The mechanisms by which glycolysis is increased and how it contributes to pulmonary vascular remodelling are not yet fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that elevated lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in PH significantly enhances aerobic glycolysis in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) by up-regulating LDHA expression. Knockout of Lcn2 or having heterozygous LDHA deficiency in mice significantly inhibits the progression of hypoxic PH. Our study reveals that LCN2 stimulates LDHA expression by activating Akt-HIF-1α signalling pathway. Inhibition of Akt or HIF-1α reduces LDHA expression and proliferation of PASMCs. Both Akt and HIF-1α play critical roles in the development of PH and are suppressed in the pulmonary vessels of hypoxic PH mice lacking LCN2. These findings shed light on the LCN2-Akt-HIF1α-LDHA axis in aerobic glycolysis in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Wang
- Department of Tumor and Immunology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Kong
- Department of Tumor and Immunology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Jiao
- Department of Tumor and Immunology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Tong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangke Guo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxing Guan
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Na Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhen Li
- Department of Lipidomics Experimental Platform, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Qi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Nguyen K, Tang J, Cho S, Ying F, Sung HK, Jahng JW, Pantopoulos K, Sweeney G. Salubrinal promotes phospho-eIF2α-dependent activation of UPR leading to autophagy-mediated attenuation of iron-induced insulin resistance. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101921. [PMID: 38527647 PMCID: PMC11027572 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Identification of new mechanisms mediating insulin sensitivity is important to allow validation of corresponding therapeutic targets. In this study, we first used a cellular model of skeletal muscle cell iron overload and found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance occurred after iron treatment. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using cells engineered to express an Akt biosensor, based on nuclear FoxO localization, as well as western blotting for insulin signaling proteins. Use of salubrinal to elevate eIF2α phosphorylation and promote the unfolded protein response (UPR) attenuated iron-induced insulin resistance. Salubrinal induced autophagy flux and its beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity were not observed in autophagy-deficient cells generated by overexpressing a dominant-negative ATG5 mutant or via knockout of ATG7. This indicated the beneficial effect of salubrinal-induced UPR activation was autophagy-dependent. We translated these observations to an animal model of systemic iron overload-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance where administration of salubrinal as pretreatment promoted eIF2α phosphorylation, enhanced autophagic flux in skeletal muscle and improved insulin responsiveness. Together, our results show that salubrinal elicited an eIF2α-autophagy axis leading to improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity both in vitro and in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khang Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jialing Tang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sungji Cho
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fan Ying
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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3
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Fang W, Xie S, Deng W. Ferroptosis mechanisms and regulations in cardiovascular diseases in the past, present, and future. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:17. [PMID: 38509409 PMCID: PMC10955039 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main diseases that endanger human health, and their risk factors contribute to high morbidity and a high rate of hospitalization. Cell death is the most important pathophysiology in CVDs. As one of the cell death mechanisms, ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death (RCD) that broadly participates in CVDs (such as myocardial infarction, heart transplantation, atherosclerosis, heart failure, ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy (radiation-induced cardiomyopathy, diabetes cardiomyopathy, sepsis-induced cardiac injury, doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury, iron overload cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), and pulmonary arterial hypertension), involving in iron regulation, metabolic mechanism and lipid peroxidation. This article reviews recent research on the mechanism and regulation of ferroptosis and its relationship with the occurrence and treatment of CVDs, aiming to provide new ideas and treatment targets for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CVDs by clarifying the latest progress in CVDs research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Saiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Wang J, Jin J, Li G. NR3C2 activates LCN2 transcription to promote endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell apoptosis in ischemic cerebral infarction. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148632. [PMID: 37832761 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can lead to cell death and worsen tissue damage during ischemic events. Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2) and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) are known to be associated with ER stress. In this study, we obtained a potential interaction between NR3C2 and LCN2 through bioinformatics. The primary objective was to investigate their roles and interactions in the context of ER stress in ischemic cerebral infarction (ICI). A mouse model of ICI was generated by middle cerebral artery occlusion, resulting in elevated levels of NR3C2 and LCN2 in brain tissues. NR3C2 bound to the LCN2 promoter, thereby activating its transcription. Either knockdown of LCN2 or NR3C2 led to an improvement in neurologic deficits in mice, along with a reduction in infract size, tissue damage, ER stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis in their brain tissues. Similar results were reproduced in HT22 cells, where LCN2 or NR3C2 knockdown alleviated oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced ER stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis while improving cell viability. However, the protective effects of NR3C2 knockdown were counteracted when LCN2 was overexpressed, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this study demonstrates that NR3C2 activates LCN2 transcription, ultimately promoting ER stress and cell apoptosis in the context of ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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5
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Chai L, Wang Q, Wang Y, Li D, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Liu J, Chen H, Qiu Y, Shen N, Wang J, Xie X, Li M. Downregulation of PDCD4 through STAT3/ATF6/autophagy mediates MIF-induced PASMCs proliferation/migration and vascular remodeling. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175968. [PMID: 37549728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
To address the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation, migration and vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH), primary cultured rat PASMCs and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rats with PH were applied in the present study. The results showed that MIF increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and then stimulated activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) activation, subsequently triggered autophagy activation, which further led to programmed cell death factor 4 (PDCD4) lysosomal degradation, and eventually promoted PASMCs proliferation/migration. In lung tissues of MCT rats, MIF protein expression was elevated, phosphorylation of STAT3 and activation of ATF6 were increased, activation of autophagy was evident, and reduction of PDCD4 was observed. Intervention with MIF inhibitor 4-Iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine (4-IPP), ATF6 blocker melatonin or autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, confirmed the in vitro interaction among MIF, STAT3, ATF6, autophagy and PDCD4 in MCT induced rats with PH. Targeting MIF/STAT3/ATF6/autophagy/PDCD4 axis effectively prevented the development of PH by suppressing PASMCs proliferation and vascular remodeling. In conclusions, we demonstrate that MIF activates the STAT3/ATF6/autophagy cascade and then degrades PDCD4 leading to PASMCs proliferation/migration and pulmonary vascular remodeling, suggesting that intervention this axis might have potential value in management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Chai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Nirui Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu J, Wang Y, Rivett A, Yang G. H 2S regulation of iron homeostasis by IRP1 improves vascular smooth muscle cell functions. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110826. [PMID: 37487913 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Either H2S or iron is essential for cellular processes. Abnormal metabolism of H2S and iron has increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study is to examine the mutual interplay of iron and H2S signals in regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) functions. Here we found that deficiency of cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE, a major H2S-producing enzyme in vascular system) induced but NaHS (a H2S donor) administration attenuated iron accumulation in aortic tissues from angiotensin II-infused mice. In vitro, iron overload induced labile iron levels, promoted cell proliferation, disrupted F-actin filaments, and inhibited protein expressions of SMC-specific markers (αSMA and calponin) more significantly in SMCs from CSE knockout mice (KO-SMCs) than the cells from wild-type mice (WT-SMCs), which could be reversed by exogenously applied NaHS. In contrast, KO-SMCs were more vulnerable to iron starvation-induced cell death. Either iron overload or NaHS did not affect elastin level and gelatinolytic activity. We further found that H2S induced more aconitase activity of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) but inhibited its RNA binding activity accompanied with increased protein levels of ferritin and ferriportin, which would contribute to the lower level of labile iron level inside the cells. In addition, iron was able to suppress CSE-derived H2S generation, while iron also non-enzymatically induced H2S release from cysteine. This study reveals the mutual interaction between iron and H2S signals in regulating SMC phenotypes and functions; CSE/H2S system would be a target for preventing iron metabolic disorder-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechun Zhu
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yuehong Wang
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Alexis Rivett
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.
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Loick P, Mohammad GH, Cassimjee I, Chandrashekar A, Lapolla P, Carrington A, Vera-Aviles M, Handa A, Lee R, Lakhal-Littleton S. Protective Role for Smooth Muscle Cell Hepcidin in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:713-725. [PMID: 36951059 PMCID: PMC10125116 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepcidin is a liver-derived hormone that controls systemic iron homeostasis, by inhibiting the iron exporter ferroportin in the gut and spleen, respective sites of iron absorption and recycling. Hepcidin is also expressed ectopically in the context of cardiovascular disease. However, the precise role of ectopic hepcidin in underlying pathophysiology is unknown. In patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), hepcidin is markedly induced in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the aneurysm wall and inversely correlated with the expression of LCN2 (lipocalin-2), a protein implicated in AAA pathology. In addition, plasma hepcidin levels were inversely correlated with aneurysm growth, suggesting hepcidin has a potential disease-modifying role. METHODS To probe the role of SMC-derived hepcidin in the setting of AAA, we applied AngII (Angiotensin-II)-induced AAA model to mice harbouring an inducible, SMC-specific deletion of hepcidin. To determine whether SMC-derived hepcidin acted cell-autonomously, we also used mice harboring an inducible SMC-specific knock-in of hepcidin-resistant ferroportinC326Y. The involvement of LCN2 was established using a LCN2-neutralizing antibody. RESULTS Mice with SMC-specific deletion of hepcidin or knock-in of hepcidin-resistant ferroportinC326Y had a heightened AAA phenotype compared with controls. In both models, SMCs exhibited raised ferroportin expression and reduced iron retention, accompanied by failure to suppress LCN2, impaired autophagy in SMCs, and greater aortic neutrophil infiltration. Pretreatment with LCN2-neutralizing antibody restored autophagy, reduced neutrophil infiltration, and prevented the heightened AAA phenotype. Finally, plasma hepcidin levels were consistently lower in mice with SMC-specific deletion of hepcidin than in controls, indicating that SMC-derived hepcidin contributes to the circulating pool in AAA. CONCLUSIONS Hepcidin elevation in SMCs plays a protective role in the setting of AAA. These findings are the first demonstration of a protective rather than deleterious role for hepcidin in cardiovascular disease. They highlight the need to further explore the prognostic and therapeutic value of hepcidin outside disorders of iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Loick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Germany (P. Loick)
| | - Goran Hamid Mohammad
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (G.H.M., A. Carrington, M.V.-A., S.L.-L.)
| | - Ismail Cassimjee
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (I.C., A. Chandrashekar, P. Lapolla, A.H., R.L.)
| | - Anirudh Chandrashekar
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (I.C., A. Chandrashekar, P. Lapolla, A.H., R.L.)
| | - Pierfrancesco Lapolla
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (I.C., A. Chandrashekar, P. Lapolla, A.H., R.L.)
| | - Alison Carrington
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (G.H.M., A. Carrington, M.V.-A., S.L.-L.)
| | - Mayra Vera-Aviles
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (G.H.M., A. Carrington, M.V.-A., S.L.-L.)
| | - Ashok Handa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (I.C., A. Chandrashekar, P. Lapolla, A.H., R.L.)
| | - Regent Lee
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (I.C., A. Chandrashekar, P. Lapolla, A.H., R.L.)
| | - Samira Lakhal-Littleton
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (G.H.M., A. Carrington, M.V.-A., S.L.-L.)
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8
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Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li S, Li J, Liu H, Cheng Q. The role of lipocalin 2 in brain injury and recovery after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:930526. [PMID: 36187347 PMCID: PMC9520288 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.930526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (including intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) is the dominating cause of disability and death worldwide. Neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuronal death are the main pathological progress, which eventually causes brain injury. Increasing evidence indicated that lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a 25k-Da acute phase protein from the lipocalin superfamily, significantly increased immediately after the stroke and played a vital role in these events. Meanwhile, there exists a close relationship between LCN2 levels and the worse clinical outcome of patients with stroke. Further research revealed that LCN2 elimination is associated with reduced immune infiltrates, infarct volume, brain edema, BBB leakage, neuronal death, and neurological deficits. However, some studies revealed that LCN2 might also act as a beneficial factor in ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism of LCN2 and its primary receptors (24p3R and megalin) involving in brain injury remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the mechanism of LCN2 induced brain damage after stroke. This review focuses on the role of LCN2 and its receptors in brain injury and aiming to find out possible therapeutic targets to reduce brain damage following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hongwei Liu,
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Center for Glioma of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Cheng,
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9
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Du Y, Cai Z, Zhou G, Liang W, Man Q, Wang W. Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure increases both proliferation and apoptosis of human placental trophoblast cells mediated by ER stress-induced ROS or UPR pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113508. [PMID: 35427876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoate acid (PFOA) is a highly persistent and widespread chemical in the environment. PFOA serum levels in pregnant women are positively associated with an increased risk of placenta-related disorders. However, the mechanism of PFOA cytotoxicity involved in placental cells and cellular responses such as ER stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we studied the cellular toxicity of PFOA with a focus on proliferation and apoptosis in a human placental trophoblast cell line. Cell viability, number, apoptosis, stress response, activation of the involved signaling pathways were assessed. Our results showed PFOA affected cell viability, proliferation and also resulted in apoptosis. Besides, both pro-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects were attenuated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitors. Further experiments demonstrated that two different signaling pathways were activated by PFOA-induced ER stress and involved in PFOA toxicity: the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ERK signaling triggered trophoblast proliferation, while the ATF4-dependent C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) signaling was the trigger of apoptosis. We conclude that PFOA-induced ER stress is the trigger of proliferation and apoptosis of trophoblast via ROS or UPR signaling pathway, which leads to the altered balance critical to the normal development and function of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Du
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China
| | - Zhenzhen Cai
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China
| | - Guangdi Zhou
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China
| | - Qiuhong Man
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Weiye Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China.
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10
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Liu S, Cao X, Wang D, Zhu H. Iron metabolism: State of the art in hypoxic cancer cell biology. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 723:109199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Yang Z, Shi J, Chen L, Fu C, Shi D, Qu H. Role of Pyroptosis and Ferroptosis in the Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:811196. [PMID: 35186925 PMCID: PMC8850398 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.811196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a special way of programmed cell death which is dependent on the activation of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (Caspase-1) and Caspase-4/5/11. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death that characterized by the intra-cellular lipid peroxidation-mediated membrane damage. Pyroptosis or ferroptosis in macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and vascular endothelial cells are believed to be closely related to the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, we discuss the role of pyroptosis and ferroptosis in the development of atherosclerotic plaques and may provide new strategies for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cardiovascular Department, Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xiyuan), Beijing, China
- Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Junhe Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cardiovascular Department, Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xiyuan), Beijing, China
- Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Changgeng Fu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Changgeng Fu, ; Dazhuo Shi, ; Hua Qu,
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cardiovascular Department, Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xiyuan), Beijing, China
- Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Changgeng Fu, ; Dazhuo Shi, ; Hua Qu,
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Changgeng Fu, ; Dazhuo Shi, ; Hua Qu,
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12
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Ren J, Li L, Yu B, Xu E, Sun N, Li X, Xing Z, Han X, Cui Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Wang G. Extracellular vesicles mediated proinflammatory macrophage phenotype induced by radiotherapy in cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:88. [PMID: 35062905 PMCID: PMC8781113 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is a highly effective treatment for cervical cancer. Recent studies focused on the radiotherapy induced anti-tumor immunity. Whether tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play roles in radiotherapy induced tumor associated macrophage (TAM) polarization remains unclear. Materials and Methods This study analysed the phenotype of macrophages in cancer tissue and peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients using flow cytometry analysis. The role of EVs from plasma of post-irradiated patients on M2-like transformed macrophages was assessed. The M1- and M2-like macrophages were assessed by expression of cell surface markers (CCR7, CD163) and intracellular cytokines (IL-10, TNFα and iNOS). The capacity of phagocytosis was assessed by PD-1 expression and phagocytosis of pHrodo Red E. coli bioparticles. Results Our results demonstrated that radiotherapy of cervical cancer induced an increase in the number of TAMs and a change in their subtype from the M2-like to the M1-like phenotype (increased expression of CCR7 and decreased expression of CD163). The EVs from plasma of post-irradiated patients facilitated the M2-like to the M1-like phenotype transition (increased expression of CCR7, TNFα and iNOS, and decreased expression of CD163 and IL-10) and increased capacity of phagocytosis (decreased PD-1 expression and increased phagocytosis of pHrodo Red E. coli bioparticles). Conclusions Our data demonstrated that irradiation in cervical cancer patients facilitated a proinflammatory macrophage phenotype which could eventually able to mediate anti-tumor immune responses. Our findings highlight the importance of EV in the crosstalk of tumor cells and TAM upon irradiation, which potentially leading to an increased inflammatory response to cancer lesions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09194-z.
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13
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Choi JA, Cho SN, Lee J, Son SH, Nguyen DT, Lee SA, Song CH. Lipocalin 2 regulates expression of MHC class I molecules in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected dendritic cells via ROS production. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:175. [PMID: 34563261 PMCID: PMC8466733 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron has important roles as an essential nutrient for all life forms and as an effector of the host defense mechanism against pathogenic infection. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), an innate immune protein, plays a crucial role in iron transport and inflammation. In the present study, we examined the role of LCN2 in immune cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Results We found that infection with Mtb H37Ra induced LCN2 production in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Notably, expression of MHC class I molecules was significantly reduced in LCN2−/− BMDCs during Mtb infection. The reduced expression of MHC class I molecules was associated with the formation of a peptide loading complex through LCN2-mediated reactive oxygen species production. The reduced expression of MHC class I molecules affected CD8+ T-cell proliferation in LCN2−/− mice infected with Mtb. The difference in the population of CD8+ effector T cells might affect the survival of intracellular Mtb. We also found a reduction of the inflammation response, including serum inflammatory cytokines and lung inflammation in LCN2−/− mice, compared with wild-type mice, during Mtb infection. Conclusions These data suggest that LCN2-mediated reactive oxygen species affects expression of MHC class I molecules in BMDCs, leading to lower levels of CD8+ effector T-cell proliferation during mycobacterial infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00686-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ae Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.,Translational Immunology Institute, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34134, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Soo-Na Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Junghwan Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.,Translational Immunology Institute, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34134, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Son
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Doan Tam Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ahn Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hwa Song
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea. .,Translational Immunology Institute, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34134, Daejeon, South Korea.
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14
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Efentakis P, Molitor M, Kossmann S, Bochenek ML, Wild J, Lagrange J, Finger S, Jung R, Karbach S, Schäfer K, Schulz A, Wild P, Münzel T, Wenzel P. Tubulin-folding cofactor E deficiency promotes vascular dysfunction by increased endoplasmic reticulum stress. Eur Heart J 2021; 43:488-500. [PMID: 34132336 PMCID: PMC8830526 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Assessment of endothelial function in humans by measuring flow-mediated dilation (FMD) risk-stratifies individuals with established cardiovascular disease, whereas its predictive value is limited in primary prevention. We therefore aimed to establish and evaluate novel markers of FMD at the population level. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to identify novel targets that were negatively correlated with FMD and investigate their contribution to vascular function, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 4175 participants of the population based Gutenberg Health Study. Subsequently, conditional knockout mouse models deleting the gene of interest were generated and characterized. GWAS analysis revealed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the tubulin-folding cofactor E (TBCE) gene were negatively correlated with endothelial function and TBCE expression. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-targeted TBCE deficiency was associated with endothelial dysfunction, aortic wall hypertrophy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated VSMC hyperproliferation in mice, paralleled by calnexin up-regulation and exacerbated by the blood pressure hormone angiotensin II. Treating SMMHC-ERT2-Cre+/-TBCEfl/fl mice with the ER stress modulator tauroursodeoxycholic acid amplified Raptor/Beclin-1-dependent autophagy and reversed vascular dysfunction. CONCLUSION TBCE and tubulin homeostasis seem to be novel predictors of vascular function and offer a new drug target to ameliorate ER stress-dependent vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Efentakis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Molitor
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Kossmann
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena L Bochenek
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Wild
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jeremy Lagrange
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Finger
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Rebecca Jung
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Karbach
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Department of Cardiology-Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Cardiology-Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philip Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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15
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Lopez-Crisosto C, Arias-Carrasco R, Sepulveda P, Garrido-Olivares L, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Verdejo HE, Castro PF, Lavandero S. Novel molecular insights and public omics data in pulmonary hypertension. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166200. [PMID: 34144090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease with high morbidity and mortality which mainly affects women of reproductive age. Despite recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, the high heterogeneity in the presentation of the disease among different patients makes it difficult to make an accurate diagnosis and to apply this knowledge to effective treatments. Therefore, new studies are required to focus on translational and personalized medicine to overcome the lack of specificity and efficacy of current management. Here, we review the majority of public databases storing 'omics' data of pulmonary hypertension studies, from animal models to human patients. Moreover, we review some of the new molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, including non-coding RNAs and the application of 'omics' data to understand this pathology, hoping that these new approaches will provide insights to guide the way to personalized diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lopez-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Raul Arias-Carrasco
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo Sepulveda
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Garrido-Olivares
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Hugo E Verdejo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
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16
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Subtilase cytotoxin induces a novel form of Lipocalin 2, which promotes Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli survival. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18943. [PMID: 33144618 PMCID: PMC7609767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) infection causes severe bloody diarrhea, renal failure, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Recent studies showed global increases in Locus for Enterocyte Effacement (LEE)-negative STEC infection. Some LEE-negative STEC produce Subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB), which cleaves endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein BiP, inducing ER stress and apoptotic cell death. In this study, we report that SubAB induces expression of a novel form of Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), and describe its biological activity and effects on apoptotic cell death. SubAB induced expression of a novel LCN2, which was regulated by PRKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase via the C/EBP homologous protein pathway. SubAB-induced novel-sized LCN2 was not secreted into the culture supernatant. Increased intracellular iron level by addition of holo-transferrin or FeCl3 suppressed SubAB-induced PARP cleavage. Normal-sized FLAG-tagged LCN2 suppressed STEC growth, but this effect was not seen in the presence of SubAB- or tunicamycin-induced unglycosylated FLAG-tagged LCN2. Our study demonstrates that SubAB-induced novel-sized LCN2 does not have anti-STEC activity, suggesting that SubAB plays a crucial role in the survival of LEE-negative STEC as well as inducing apoptosis of the host cells.
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17
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Shi Z, Yin Y, Li C, Ding H, Mu N, Wang Y, Jin S, Ma H, Liu M, Zhou J. Lipocalin-2-induced proliferative endoplasmic reticulum stress participates in Kawasaki disease-related pulmonary arterial abnormalities. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:1000-1012. [PMID: 32915407 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinical cases have reported pulmonary arterial structural and functional abnormalities in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD); however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, a KD rat model was established via the intraperitoneal injection of Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE). The results showed that pulmonary arterial functional and structural abnormalities were observed in KD rats. Furthermore, proliferative endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) was observed in the pulmonary arteries of KD rats. Notably, the level of lipocalin-2 (Lcn 2), a trigger factor of inflammation, was remarkably elevated in the plasma and lung tissues of KD rats; increased Lcn 2 levels following LCWE stimulation may result from polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Correspondingly, in cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), Lcn 2 markedly augmented the cleavage and nuclear localization of activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), upregulated the transcription of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and neurite outgrowth inhibitor (NOGO), and promoted PASMCs proliferation. However, proapoptotic C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase 12 levels were not elevated. Treatment with 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA, a specific inhibitor of ER stress) inhibited PASMCs proliferation induced by Lcn 2 and attenuated pulmonary arterial abnormalities and right ventricular hypertrophy and reduced right ventricular systolic pressure in KD rats. In conclusion, Lcn 2 remarkably facilitates proliferative ER stress in PASMCs, which probably accounts for KD-related pulmonary arterial abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoling Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shanshan Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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18
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Abstract
Background A growing body of literature suggests the cell–intrinsic activity of Atf6α during ER stress responses has implications for tissue cell number during growth and development, as well as in adult biology and tumorigenesis [1]. This concept is important, linking the cellular processes of secretory protein synthesis and endoplasmic reticulum stress response with functional tissue capacity and organ size. However, the field contains conflicting observations, especially notable in secretory cell types like the pancreatic beta cell. Scope of review Here we summarize current knowledge of the basic biology of Atf6α, along with the pleiotropic roles Atf6α plays in cell life and death decisions and possible explanations for conflicting observations. We include studies investigating the roles of Atf6α in cell survival, death and proliferation using well-controlled methodology and specific validated outcome measures, with a focus on endocrine and metabolic tissues when information was available. Major conclusions The net outcome of Atf6α on cell survival and cell death depends on cell type and growth conditions, the presence and degree of ER stress, and the duration and intensity of Atf6α activation. It is unquestioned that Atf6α activity influences the cell fate decision between survival and death, although opposite directions of this outcome are reported in different contexts. Atf6α can also trigger cell cycle activity to expand tissue cell number through proliferation. Much work remains to be done to clarify the many gaps in understanding in this important emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit B Sharma
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jarin T Snyder
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Laura C Alonso
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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19
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Lin X, Onda DA, Yang CH, Lewis JR, Levinger I, Loh K. Roles of bone-derived hormones in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular pathophysiology. Mol Metab 2020; 40:101040. [PMID: 32544571 PMCID: PMC7348059 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence demonstrates that bone is an endocrine organ capable of influencing multiple physiological and pathological processes through the secretion of hormones. Recent research suggests complex crosstalk between the bone and other metabolic and cardiovascular tissues. It was uncovered that three of these bone-derived hormones—osteocalcin, lipocalin 2, and sclerostin—are involved in the endocrine regulations of cardiometabolic health and play vital roles in the pathophysiological process of developing cardiometabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Chronic low-grade inflammation is one of the hallmarks of cardiometabolic diseases and a major contributor to disease progression. Novel evidence also implicates important roles of bone-derived hormones in the regulation of chronic inflammation. Scope of review In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the physiological and pathological roles of osteocalcin, lipocalin 2, and sclerostin in cardiometabolic health regulation and disease development, with a focus on the modulation of chronic inflammation. Major conclusions Evidence supports that osteocalcin has a protective role in cardiometabolic health, and an increase of lipocalin 2 contributes to the development of cardiometabolic diseases partly via pro-inflammatory effects. The roles of sclerostin appear to be complicated: It exerts pro-adiposity and pro-insulin resistance effects in type 2 diabetes and has an anti-calcification effect during cardiovascular disease. A better understanding of the actions of these bone-derived hormones in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases will provide crucial insights to help further research develop new therapeutic strategies to treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhu Lin
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
| | - Danise-Ann Onda
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Chieh-Hsin Yang
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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20
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Chen X, Qiu F, Zhao X, Lu J, Tan X, Xu J, Chen C, Zhang F, Liu C, Qiao D, Wang H. Astrocyte-Derived Lipocalin-2 Is Involved in Mitochondrion-Related Neuronal Apoptosis Induced by Methamphetamine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1102-1116. [PMID: 32186847 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a widely abused and highly addictive psychoactive stimulant that can induce neuronal apoptosis. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of the lipocalin family, and its upregulation is involved in cell death in the adult brain. However, the role of LCN2 in METH-induced neurotoxicity has not been reported. In this study, we found that LCN2 was predominantly expressed in hippocampal astrocytes after METH exposure and that recombinant LCN2 (Re LCN2) can induce neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition of LCN2 and LCN2R, a cell surface receptor for LCN2, reduced METH- and Re LCN2-induced mitochondrion-related neuronal apoptosis in cultures of primary rat neurons and animal models. Our study supports the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK)-mediated signaling pathway in the upregulation of astrocyte-derived LCN2 after METH exposure. Additionally, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of LCN2 were significantly upregulated after METH exposure. These results indicate that upregulation of astrocyte-derived LCN2 binding to LCN2R is involved in METH-induced mitochondrion-related neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528244, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiancong Lu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaohui Tan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chuanxiang Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fu Zhang
- Key Lab of Forensic Pathology, Guangdong Public Security Department, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Dongfang Qiao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528244, China
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21
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Li C, Zhang Z, Xu Q, Wu T, Shi R. Potential mechanisms and serum biomarkers involved in sex differences in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19612. [PMID: 32221085 PMCID: PMC7220321 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease associated with high mortality, but notable sex differences have been observed between males and females. For this reason, further research on the mechanisms underlying sex differences in PAH is required to better understand and treat the disease. This study mainly focused on gene expression levels to investigate potential differences in the pathogenesis and progression of PAH between the male and female sexes.Sex-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus datasets GSE117261 and GSE38267. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established based on the identified DEGs to predict potential mechanisms involved in the observed sex differences in the pathogenesis of PAH.We identified 26 female- and 53 male-specific DEGs from lung tissue and 498 female-specific DEGs in blood samples. No male-specific DEGs were identified from blood samples. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that female-specific DEGs in lung tissue were enriched in inflammatory response and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, whereas male-specific DEGs were mainly enriched in cellular chemotaxis and the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell (NF-kappa B) signaling pathway. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was the only gene that was differentially expressed in both the lung tissue and the blood of female patients.In conclusion, inflammation and immunity may play key roles in the pathogenesis of female PAH, and LCN2 may act as a serum biomarker of female PAH, whereas the pathogenesis in males is more complicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | | | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
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22
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Yue Y, Li YQ, Fu S, Wu YT, Zhu L, Hua L, Lv JY, Li YL, Yang DL. Osthole inhibits cell proliferation by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad/p38 signaling pathways in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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23
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Millar SA, Anderson SI, O'Sullivan SE. Osteokines and the vasculature: a review of the in vitro effects of osteocalcin, fibroblast growth factor-23 and lipocalin-2. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7139. [PMID: 31372314 PMCID: PMC6660824 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-derived factors that demonstrate extra-skeletal functions, also termed osteokines, are fast becoming a highly interesting and focused area of cross-disciplinary endocrine research. Osteocalcin (OCN), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) and lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), produced in bone, comprise an important endocrine system that is finely tuned with other organs to ensure homeostatic balance and health. This review aims to evaluate in vitro evidence of the direct involvement of these proteins in vascular cells and whether any causal roles in cardiovascular disease or inflammation can be supported. PubMed, Medline, Embase and Google Scholar were searched for relevant research articles investigating the exogenous addition of OCN, FGF23 or LCN-2 to vascular smooth muscle or endothelial cells. Overall, these osteokines are directly vasoactive across a range of human and animal vascular cells. Both OCN and FGF23 have anti-apoptotic properties and increase eNOS phosphorylation and nitric oxide production through Akt signalling in human endothelial cells. OCN improves intracellular insulin signalling and demonstrates protective effects against endoplasmic reticulum stress in murine and human endothelial cells. OCN may be involved in calcification but further research is warranted, while there is no evidence for a pro-calcific effect of FGF23 in vitro. FGF23 and LCN-2 increase proliferation in some cell types and increase and decrease reactive oxygen species generation, respectively. LCN-2 also has anti-apoptotic effects but may increase endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as have pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties in human vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. There is no strong evidence to support a pathological role of OCN or FGF23 in the vasculature based on these findings. In contrast, they may in fact support normal endothelial functioning, vascular homeostasis and vasodilation. No studies examined whether OCN or FGF23 may have a role in vascular inflammation. Limited studies with LCN-2 indicate a pro-inflammatory and possible pathological role in the vasculature but further mechanistic data is required. Overall, these osteokines pose intriguing functions which should be investigated comprehensively to assess their relevance to cardiovascular disease and health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Millar
- Division of Graduate Entry Medicine and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Susan I Anderson
- Division of Graduate Entry Medicine and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Saoirse E O'Sullivan
- Division of Graduate Entry Medicine and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
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24
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Xiao L, Tong X. [Advances in molecular mechanism of vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019; 48:102-110. [PMID: 31102364 PMCID: PMC10412420 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2019.02.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a clinical hemodynamic syndrome characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right heart failure and death. Vascular remodeling is the most prominent histopathological feature of PAH, which is regulated by many factors. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium disorder and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in the vascular cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis and cellular metabolism. Epigenetic phenomenon such as DNA damage and abnormal expression of miRNA are also involved in the regulation of abnormal proliferation of vascular cells. Vascular cell phenotype switching including endothelial-mesenchymal transition and smooth muscle cell phenotype switching play an important role in abnormal proliferation of vascular cells. Vascular remodeling is produced by a variety of cells and molecular pathways, and aiming at multiple targets which is expected to find a new breakthrough in the treatment of PAH,and to improve abnormal vascular remodeling, delay or even reverse the progression of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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25
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Tai J, Wang S, Zhang J, Ge W, Liu Y, Li X, Liu Y, Deng Z, He L, Wang G, Ni X. Up-regulated lipocalin-2 in pediatric thyroid cancer correlated with poor clinical characteristics. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:2823-2828. [PMID: 30182199 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of thyroid cancer is fast increasing in both adults and children. The pediatric thyroid cancer had often already progressed to a more advanced stage of the disease at diagnosis. Early detection of pediatric thyroid cancer has been a problem for many years. Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) has been reported to be over-expressed in cancers of diverse histological origin and it facilitates tumorigenesis by promoting survival, growth, and metastasis. METHODS The plasma Lcn2 concentration of 28 Chinese papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) children and 24 healthy controls was measured. Immunostaining for Ki-67 of tumor tissue from PTC children was performed. The expression levels of Lcn2 and NFκB in PTC tissue and peri-carcinoma tissue of PTC children were measured through Western blot. RESULTS The plasma concentration of Lcn2 was significantly elevated in pediatric PTC patients compared with healthy controls. Besides, the plasma Lcn2 concentration significantly correlated with clinical characteristics, NFκB level, and Ki-67 positive rate of nucleus in tissue of PTC. CONCLUSION This is the first study to evaluate the plasma Lcn2 in pediatric PTC patients. It is possible that the plasma Lcn2 may be a new biomarker of pediatric thyroid cancer. Further studies are needed to explore the definite role and mechanism of Lcn2 in thyroid cancer, which will help to explore novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tai
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Wentong Ge
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yuanhu Liu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Zhijuan Deng
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lejian He
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
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26
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Federti E, Matté A, Ghigo A, Andolfo I, James C, Siciliano A, Leboeuf C, Janin A, Manna F, Choi SY, Iolascon A, Beneduce E, Melisi D, Kim DW, Levi S, De Franceschi L. Peroxiredoxin-2 plays a pivotal role as multimodal cytoprotector in the early phase of pulmonary hypertension. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:376-386. [PMID: 28801243 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary-artery-hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening and highly invalidating chronic disorder. Chronic oxidation contributes to lung damage and disease progression. Peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2) is a typical 2-cysteine (Cys) peroxiredoxin but its role on lung homeostasis is yet to be fully defined. Here, we showed that Prx2-/- mice displayed chronic lung inflammatory disease associated with (i) abnormal pulmonary vascular dysfunction; and (ii) increased markers of extracellular-matrix remodeling. Hypoxia was used to induce PAH. We focused on the early phase PAH to dissect the role of Prx2 in generation of PAH. Hypoxic Prx2-/-mice showed (i) amplified inflammatory response combined with cytokine storm; (ii) vascular activation and dysfunction; (iii) increased PDGF-B lung levels, as marker of extracellular-matrix deposition and remodeling; and (iv) ER stress with activation of UPR system and autophagy. Rescue experiments with in vivo the administration of fused-recombinant-PEP-Prx2 show a reduction in pulmonary inflammatory vasculopathy and in ER stress with down-regulation of autophagy. Thus, we propose Prx2 plays a pivotal role in the early stage of PAH as multimodal cytoprotector, targeting oxidation, inflammatory vasculopathy and ER stress with inhibition of autophagy. Collectively, our data indicate that Prx2 is able to interrupt the hypoxia induced vicious cycle involving oxidation-inflammation-autophagy in the pathogenesis of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Federti
- Dept. of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Matté
- Dept. of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Cimino James
- Molecular Biotechnology Center and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Siciliano
- Dept. of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Anne Janin
- Inserm, U1165, Paris F-75010, France; Université Paris 7- Denis Diderot, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Francesco Manna
- CEINGE and Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE and Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Davide Melisi
- Dept. of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonia Levi
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
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27
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Meng L, Wang M, Du Z, Fang Z, Wu B, Wu J, Xie W, Shen J, Zhu T, Xu X, Liao L, Xu L, Li E, Lan B. Cell Signaling Pathway in 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-Induced LCN2 Gene Transcription in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9592501. [PMID: 29098164 PMCID: PMC5642883 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9592501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
LCN2 is involved in various cellular functions, including transport of small hydrophobic molecules, protection of MMP9 from proteolytic degradation, and regulating innate immunity. LCN2 is elevated in multiple human cancers, frequently being associated with tumor size, stage, and invasiveness. Our previous studies have shown that LCN2 expression could be induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by the binding of five nucleoproteins (MISP, KLF10, KLF15, PPP1R18, and RXRβ) at a novel TPA-responsive element (TRE), at -152~-60 bp of the 5' flanking region of the LCN2 promoter. However, much is unknown about whether these proteins can respond to TPA stimulation to regulate LCN2 transactivation and which cell signaling pathways mediate this process. In this study, expression plasmids encoding these five nucleoproteins were stably transfected into EC109 cells. Then, stable transfectant was characterized by a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. RT-PCR, real-time PCR, western blotting, specific kinase inhibitor treatment, and bioinformatics analyses were applied in this study. We found that MISP, KLF10, KLF15, PPP1R18, and RXRβ proteins could strongly respond to TPA stimulation and activate LCN2 transcriptional expression. MEK, ERK, JNK, and P38 kinases were involved in the LCN2 transactivation. Furthermore, the MEK-ERK signal pathway plays a major role in this biological process but does not involve PKCα signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Meng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Muting Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Zepeng Du
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Zhongmin Fang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Bingli Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jianyi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Wenming Xie
- Network and Information Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - XieE Xu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Liandi Liao
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Bin Lan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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