1
|
Shittu STT, Lasisi TJ, Shittu SAS, Adeyemi A, Adeoye TJ, Alada AA. Ocimum gratissimum enhances insulin sensitivity in male Wistar rats with dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1257-1267. [PMID: 34900777 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The antidiabetic activities of Ocimum gratissimum (OG) leaf extract are well documented in experimental diabetes induced by beta cell destruction resulting in hypoinsulinemia. There is however paucity of data on its effect in conditions characterized by hyperinsulinemia. This study therefore investigated the effect of OG on insulin resistance induced by dexamethasone in male Wistar rats. Method Twenty male Wistar rats grouped as control, normal + OG, Dex and Dex + OG were used. Control and normal + OG received normal saline while Dex and Dex + OG received dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.p) followed by distilled water or OG (400 mg/kg) for 10 days. Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, HOMA-IR, liver and muscle glycogen, hexokinase activities, hepatic HMG CoA reductase activity were obtained. Histopathology of pancreas and liver tissues was carried out using standard procedures. Results Body weight reduced significantly in the Dex and Dex + OG groups compared with the control. FBG (147.8 ± 9.93 mg/dL), insulin (2.98 ± 0.49 µIU/ml) and HOMA-IR (1.11 ± 0.22) of Dex animals were higher than the control (FBG = 89.22 ± 6.53 mg/dL; insulin = 1.70 ± 0.49 µIU/ml; HOMA-IR = 0.37 ± 0.04). These were significantly reduced in the Dex + OG (FBG = 115.31 ± 5.93 mg/dL; insulin = 1.85 ± 0.11µIU/ml; HOMA-IR = 0.53 ± 0.08) compared with Dex. Glycogen content and hexokinase activities were increased in the Dex + OG. Increased pancreatic islet size, hepatic steatosis and HMG Co A reductase activity were observed in the Dex but reduced in Dex + OG. Conclusion OG promotes cellular glucose utilization and reduces hepatic fat accumulation in Wistar rats with insulin resistance induced by dexamethasone. Further study to identify the involved signal transduction will throw more light on the observed effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Taye Jemilat Lasisi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Adeyinka Adeyemi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope James Adeoye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kang M, Kim EH, Jeong J, Ha H. Heukcha, naturally post-fermented green tea extract, ameliorates diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and NAFLD in hamster. J Food Sci 2021; 86:5016-5025. [PMID: 34642957 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia, characterized by an increase in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and total cholesterol (TC), is the leading cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study examined the effect of Heukcha extract (HCE), a naturally post-fermented green tea extract, on diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and related NAFLD in hamsters that metabolize lipids in a similar fashion to humans. The 10-week-old golden Syrian hamsters were fed a normal diet (ND) or a high cholesterol diet (HCD) containing 0.2% cholesterol and 10% lard, and some were also given HCE (200 or 500 mg/kg/day) orally for 12 weeks. The HCE did not affect the body weight gain, food intake, or the calorie intake. HCD significantly (p < 0.05) increased LDL (0.9 to 2.1 mmol/L), TC (2.7 to 7.8 mmol/L), and triglyceride (TG; 2.3 to 4.0 mmol/L), which was significantly decreased by 27.7%, 17.3%, and 60%, respectively, by HCE. HDL was significantly increased by HCD (0.6 to 1.6 mmol/L), but it was not affected by HCE administration. Furthermore, HCE suppressed HCD-induced liver oxidative stress, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation almost to control levels. Interestingly, HCE significantly increased the protein level of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis, by 1.5-fold in the liver. The present data suggest that HCE could be a functional food ingredient that can suppress the occurrence of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and NAFLD, possibly by increasing the expression of CYP7A1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ee Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeewon Jeong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Akara EU, Emmanuel O, Ude VC, Uche-Ikonne C, Eke G, Ugbogu EA. Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract ameliorates phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia and toxicity in Wistar rats. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 0:dmdi-2020-0185. [PMID: 33831984 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi-2020-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ocimum gratissimum L. is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and anaemia. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of O. gratissimum leaf extract on phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anaemia and toxicity in rats. METHODS The experimental rats were divided into five groups (A-E) (n=6/sex/group). Each rat in groups B-E was intraperitoneally administered 50 mg/kg of PHZ for two consecutive days. Group A (normal control) did not receive any PHZ, group B (negative control), group C received orally 5 mg/kg ferrous sulphate whereas groups D and E received 200 and 400 mg/kg O. gratissimum leaf extract respectively, for 14 days. RESULTS Red blood cell count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and high-density lipoprotein increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein decreased in extract-treated groups when compared to the negative control. O. gratissimum (400 mg/kg extract) and standard drug (5 mg/kg ferrous sulphate) significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that O. gratissimum leaf extract has a restorative effect on the phenylhydrazine-induced metabolic distortions in the blood, liver, and kidney, and therefore could be used therapeutically as an anti-anaemic tonic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel U Akara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Okezie Emmanuel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Victor C Ude
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Chikezie Uche-Ikonne
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Godswill Eke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Eziuche Amadike Ugbogu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Akara EU, Emmanuel O, Ude VC, Uche-Ikonne C, Eke G, Ugbogu EA. Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract ameliorates phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia and toxicity in Wistar rats. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 36:311-320. [PMID: 34821128 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2020-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ocimum gratissimum L. is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and anaemia. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of O. gratissimum leaf extract on phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anaemia and toxicity in rats. METHODS The experimental rats were divided into five groups (A-E) (n=6/sex/group). Each rat in groups B-E was intraperitoneally administered 50 mg/kg of PHZ for two consecutive days. Group A (normal control) did not receive any PHZ, group B (negative control), group C received orally 5 mg/kg ferrous sulphate whereas groups D and E received 200 and 400 mg/kg O. gratissimum leaf extract respectively, for 14 days. RESULTS Red blood cell count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and high-density lipoprotein increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein decreased in extract-treated groups when compared to the negative control. O. gratissimum (400 mg/kg extract) and standard drug (5 mg/kg ferrous sulphate) significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that O. gratissimum leaf extract has a restorative effect on the phenylhydrazine-induced metabolic distortions in the blood, liver, and kidney, and therefore could be used therapeutically as an anti-anaemic tonic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel U Akara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Okezie Emmanuel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Victor C Ude
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Chikezie Uche-Ikonne
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Godswill Eke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| | - Eziuche Amadike Ugbogu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oyem JC, Chris-Ozoko LE, Enaohwo MT, Otabor FO, Okudayo VA, Udi OA. Antioxidative properties of Ocimum gratissimum alters Lead acetate induced oxidative damage in lymphoid tissues and hematological parameters of adult Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:215-222. [PMID: 33511038 PMCID: PMC7817492 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lead toxicity was induced in male rats by oral administration of lead acetate. Effect of Ocimum gratissimum in lead acetate toxicity on spleen, thymus, and blood. Oral lead acetate administration led to oxidative damage in spleen, thymus and blood. Ocimum gratissimum extract reversed oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant enzymes. Ocimum gratissimum averts lead acetate-induced toxicity in the blood, thymus and spleen.
Lead exposure is a well-known environmental hazard. Its accumulation in humans may pose a danger to health. The present study investigated the beneficial effect of Ocimum gratissimum extract (OG) in reducing lead acetate (LA) induced oxidative damage in the spleen, thymus, and hematological indices. We employed an in vivo model of LA induced Wistar rats and administered 125 mg/kg/bw and 250 mg/kg/bw of OG extracts respectively. Our control groups were divided into 2; the first group received normal saline, feed, and water while the second group was administered OG extracts only. We assessed the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the thymus and spleen and estimated percentages of blood cells. Our results showed that LA induces oxidative damage by significantly elevating MDA and diminishing GSH levels, SOD, and CAT activities. LA administration led to a significant decline in blood parameters. However, co-administration with OG compensated oxidative stress by significantly reducing MDA, increasing GSH, SOD, and CAT. Oral administration of OG to rats attenuated anemia, thrombocytopenia, leucocytosis, eosinophilia, monocytosis, and neutropenia induced by LA. The present study indicates that LA induced Spleen, thymus, and blood toxicity, which was reversed by oral OG administration.
Collapse
Key Words
- Antioxidation
- BW, Bodyweight
- CAT, Catalase
- GSH, Glutathione
- H2O2, Hydrogen peroxide
- Hb, Hemaglobin
- LA, Lead Acetate
- Lead acetate
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- OG, Ocimum gratissimum
- Ocimum gratissimum
- Oxidative stress
- RBC, Red Blood Cell
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- SOD, Superoxide Dismustase
- Spleen
- Thymus
- WBC, White Blood Cell
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Chukwuma Oyem
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Lilian Ebite Chris-Ozoko
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Mamerhi Taniyohwo Enaohwo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Francisca Osamahemwem Otabor
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Vera Anieze Okudayo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Onoriode Andrew Udi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Anatomy Unit), College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Achievers University Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chang SH, Liu JY, Hsiao MW, Yang HL, Wang GW, Ye JC. Protective Effects of Ocimum gratissimumAqueous Extracts on HaCaT Cells Against UVC-Induced Inhibition of Cell Viability and Migration. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2086-2092. [PMID: 33850479 PMCID: PMC8040403 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.54644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet C (UVC) has been applied to treatment of infections in wounds for at least the last two decades, however, cells being treated can be damaged if exposure is prolonged, which calls for protective measures, such as drug or herbal pre-treatment, to minimize damage. Ocimum gratissimum contains plant polyphenols such as isoflavones and caffeic acid, which have antioxidant effects. We hypothesize that Ocimum gratissimum aqueous extracts (OGE) can inhibit UVC-induced oxidative damage on skin cells. In this study, HaCaT skin cells are used to test the protective effects of OGE on cell proliferation and migration after exposure to UVC radiation. Pretreatment with OGE (50~150μg/mL) before 40 J/m2 UVC exposure was able to restore survival from 32.25% to between 46.77% and 68.00%, and 80 J/m2 UVC exposure from 11.49% to between 19.07% and 43.04%. Morphological observation of primarily apoptotic cell death confirms the above findings. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that UVC increased the number of cells at the sub-G1 phase in a dose dependent manner, and when pre-treated with OGE the changes were partially reversed. Moreover, the wound healing test for observing migration showed that UVC 40-80 J/m2 decreased cell migration to 47-28% activity and 100 μg/mL OGE was able to restore cell activity to81-69% at day 3. Based on the above results, we suggest that OGE has a protective effect on UVC-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and migration of skin cells and thus has potential application in wound care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huang Chang
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meen-Woon Hsiao
- School of Applied Chemistry, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Wei Wang
- School of Applied Chemistry, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Chiuan Ye
- Department of Bachelor's Degree Program for Indigenous Peoples in Senior Health and Care Management, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan.,Master Program in Biomedical Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang SS, Chen TY, Deng JS, Pao LH, Cheng YC, Chao J. An Ethnobotanical Study on Qīng-Căo-Chá Tea in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:931. [PMID: 32670061 PMCID: PMC7329985 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal tea, a beverage prepared from a variety of plant materials excluding the leaves of the tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze of the family Theaceae, for a long time, has been consumed by most Chinese people for preventive and/or therapeutic health care. Usually, it is brewed or prepared as a decoction of local plants in water. The qīng-căo-chá tea, a commercial herbal tea, is the most common among many differently formulated herbal teas in Taiwan. For hundreds of years, qīng-căo-chá tea has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with the environmental conditions in Taiwan. However, research studies in this field have been insufficient. The raw material formulas of qīng-căo-chá tea have always been passed down from “masters” to “apprentices.” Hence, there is no systematic collation or record, and, therefore, there is a need to assess and confirm the composition, safety, and effectiveness of the raw materials. This study aimed to document the uses of Taiwan's qīng-căo-chá tea through a semi-structured interview survey and investigate the background of traditional practitioners, tea compositions, and plant origins and uses. This will improve our understanding of the knowledge inherited by the practitioners and the theoretical basis of the medicinal uses of these teas. In our field investigation, we visited 86 shops and assessed 71 raw ingredients of qīng-căo-chá tea. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to conduct the interviews. During the interviews, in addition to written records, audio and video recordings were made, and photographs were taken with the permission of the interviewees. The qīng-căo-chá raw materials have long been used as herbal teas, although more research should clarify their efficacy and safety. Traditional sellers of qīng-căo-chá tea were mainly males, and most shops have been in operation for more than 71 years. Some of the raw materials were derived from multiple sources, including different plants, and were often mixed without any safety concerns. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic ethnobotanical study on qīng-căo-chá tea that assesses and confirms its herbal ingredients. Our study represents a reference for herbal teas in Taiwan that can be used by the public and regulatory agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Yang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Pao
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jung Chao
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang CC, Hwang JM, Tsai JH, Chen JH, Lin H, Lin GJ, Yang HL, Liu JY, Yang CY, Ye JC. Aqueous Ocimum gratissimum extract induces cell apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:338-346. [PMID: 32132869 PMCID: PMC7053345 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.39436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has exhibited a poor overall survival rate of only six to ten months, and the urgency of the development of more effective novel agents is ever present. In this line of research, we aimed to investigate the effects and inhibitive mechanisms of aqueous Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract (OGE), the extract of Ocimum gratissimum, which is commonly used as a therapeutic herb for its numerous pharmacological properties, on malignant HCC cells. Our results showed that OGE decreased the cell viability of HCC SK-Hep1 and HA22T cells in a dose-dependent manner (from 400 to 800 µg/mL), while there is little effect on Chang liver cells. Moreover, cell-cycle analysis shows increased Sub-G1 cell count in SK-Hep1 and HA22T cells which is not observed in Chang liver cells. These findings raise suspicion that the OGE-induced cell death may be mediated through proteins that regulate cell cycle and apoptosis in SK-Hep1 and HA22T cells, and further experimentation revealed that OGE treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in caspase 3 and PARP expressions and in CDK4and p-ERK1/2expressions. Moreover, animal tests also exhibited decreased HCC tumor growth by OGE treatment. We therefore suggest that the inhibition of cell viability and tumor growth induced by OGE may be correlated to the alteration of apoptosis-related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Ming Hwang
- School of Applied Chemistry, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hsiang Tsai
- Basic Medical Science Education Center, College of Medicine and Health, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing Huei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Jhih Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Ying Yang
- Institute of Molecular Biology College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Chiuan Ye
- Department of Bachelor's Degree Program for Indigenous Peoples in Senior Health and Care Management, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
- Master Program in Biomedical Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Brum A, Pereira SA, Cardoso L, Chagas EC, Chaves FCM, Mouriño JLP, Martins ML. Blood biochemical parameters and melanomacrophage centers in Nile tilapia fed essential oils of clove basil and ginger. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:444-449. [PMID: 29353078 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most farmed freshwater fish in the world, however, disease outbreaks are the main cause of losses in production. Due to this, there is an increasing interest in natural products for enhancing disease resistance, without causing physiological impairment. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of the essential oils of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) on physiological and immunological parameters of nile tilapia. After 35 and 55 days of supplementation (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%), blood collection was performed for determination of metabolites (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, serum total protein and immunoglobulins) and lysozyme activity. Spleen tissue was also collected at 55 days for analyzing melanomacrophages centers. At 35 days, cholesterol showed significant reduction in the treatments 0.5% and 1.5 ginger and 1.5% clove basil. The serum triglycerides showed significant reduction in these same treatments, in addition to 1.0% clove basil. At 55 days all the supplemented groups showed significant reduction for both parameters. The lysozyme activity at 35 days was significantly higher in fish supplemented with 1.0% ginger and showed no difference among the treatments at 55 days. Regarding the melanomacrophage centers, at 35 days increased number in fish supplemented with 0.5% clove basil was observed but with no significant difference in the total percent area of spleen occupied by centers. The levels of glucose, total serum protein and immunoglobulins did not show significant differences in both sampling times. The addition of essential oils showed to be useful for improving physiological status of the fish, without excessive activation of defense mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Brum
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, CEP: 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Scheila Anelise Pereira
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, CEP: 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Cardoso
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, CEP: 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, CEP: 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, CEP: 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chao PY, Chiang TI, Chang IC, Tsai FL, Lee HH, Hsieh K, Chiu YW, Lai TJ, Liu JY, Hsu LS, Shih YC. Amelioration of estrogen-deficiency-induced obesity by Ocimum gratissimum. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:896-901. [PMID: 28824328 PMCID: PMC5562198 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.19933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Menopausal transition in women initiates with declining estrogen levels and is followed by significant changes in their physiological characteristics. These changes often lead to medical conditions, such as obesity, which is correlated with chronic low-grade/subclinical inflammation. Ocimum gratissimum L. is a food spice or traditional herb in many countries; the plant is rich in antioxidants, which possess anti-inflammation activities and multitude of other therapeutic functions. Methods: In this study, we evaluated effects of O. gratissimum extract (OGE) in preventing obesity by using ovariectomized (OVX) animal models to mimic menopausal women. Methods: OVX rats showed increase in body weight and in adipocyte size in perigonadal adipose tissue (p <0.05) and decrease in uterus weight. By contrast, OGE (0.2 mg/ml) significantly reduced body weight gain and adipocyte in OVX rats and showed insignificant changes in uterus weight. Further investigation indicated that OGE exerted no influence on levels of dorsal fat, serum total cholesterol, and serum triacylglycerol and on serum biochemical factors, calcium, phosphorus, and glucose. Conclusion: These findings suggested that OGE dietary supplements may be useful in controlling body weight of menopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Chao
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsay-I Chiang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine & Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Chang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ling Tsai
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hui Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuanghui Hsieh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Chiu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Emergency department and center of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung Taiwan
| | - Te-Jen Lai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chia Shih
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|