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Adedeji IA, Lawal SA, Aluko-Arowolo S. Qualitative Analysis of Coping Strategies Among Older Persons During COVID-19 Lockdown in Nigeria: Considerations for Community Health Promotion. COMMUNITY HEALTH EQUITY RESEARCH & POLICY 2024; 44:253-263. [PMID: 37118649 PMCID: PMC10149519 DOI: 10.1177/2752535x231173527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: The challenge of COVID-19 and the disease control restrictions in Nigeria directly affected social life. Older adults were disproportionately affected because of social vulnerabilities, socio-economic dependency, and the high risk of COVID-19 infectious disease in the population.Purpose: To this end, the study explored the instrumental coping strategies of older adults duirng the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria.Research Design: An exploratory research design using qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews was adopted.Study Sample: Twenty-seven (27) older adults aged 60 years and more in Ibadan, Nigeria were purposively selected for participation in the research.Data Collection and/or Analysis: Community living older adults participated in in-depth telephone interviews during the COVID-19 restrictions. Using Atlas ti 8.4, the 27 transcripts were analyzed and validated through content analysis.Results: Older adults coped with fear, anxiety, depression, and other health challenges, and three major themes emerged as problem-focused coping strategies. Older adults explored spirituality, engaged in their social networks through telephones, and focused on a healthy diet and physical activities.Conclusions: Community health promotion strategies for older adults should explore the identified problem-focused coping strategies to optimize the health and wellbeing of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A. Adedeji
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Columbia, Canada
| | - Saheed Akinmayowa Lawal
- Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health
Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - Sola Aluko-Arowolo
- Department of Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo
University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
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Valgañón P, Useche AF, Soriano-Paños D, Ghoshal G, Gómez-Gardeñes J. Quantifying the heterogeneous impact of lockdown policies on different socioeconomic classes during the first COVID-19 wave in Colombia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16481. [PMID: 37777581 PMCID: PMC10542364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the absence of vaccines, the most widespread reaction to curb the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide was the implementation of lockdowns or stay-at-home policies. Despite the reported usefulness of such policies, their efficiency was highly constrained by socioeconomic factors determining their feasibility and their associated outcome in terms of mobility reduction and the subsequent limitation of social activity. Here we investigate the impact of lockdown policies on the mobility patterns of different socioeconomic classes in the three major cities of Colombia during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. In global terms, we find a consistent positive correlation between the reduction in mobility levels and the socioeconomic stratum of the population in the three cities, implying that those with lower incomes were less capable of adopting the aforementioned policies. Our analysis also suggests a strong restructuring of the mobility network of lowest socioeconomic strata during COVID-19 lockdown, increasing their endogenous mixing while hampering their connections with wealthiest areas due to a sharp reduction in long-distance trips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valgañón
- Departament of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- GOTHAM lab, Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Andrés F Useche
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - David Soriano-Paños
- GOTHAM lab, Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Gourab Ghoshal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes
- Departament of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- GOTHAM lab, Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
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Adedeji IA, Wister A, Pickering J. COVID-19 experiences of social isolation and loneliness among older adults in Africa: a scoping review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1158716. [PMID: 37228728 PMCID: PMC10203559 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Social isolation and loneliness (SI/L) are considered critical public health issues. The primary objective of this scoping review is to document the experience of SI/L among older adults in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic, given research gaps in this area. We identified the reasons for SI/L, the effects of SI/L, SI/L coping strategies, and research and policy gaps in SI/L experiences among older adults in Africa during COVID-19. Methods Six databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Ageline) were used to identify studies reporting the experiences of SI/L among older adults in Africa during the COVID-19 lockdown. We adopted the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Results Social isolation and loneliness due to COVID-19 in Africa affected older adults' mental, communal, spiritual, financial, and physical health. The use of technology was vital, as was the role of social networks within the family, community, religious groups, and government. Methodological challenges include the risk of selective survival bias, sampling biases, and limited inductive value due to context. Also, lack of large-scale mixed methods longitudinal studies to capture the experiences of older adults during COVID-19. There were essential policy gaps for African mental health support services, media programs, and community care service integration targeting older adults in the era of the COVID-19 lockdown. Discussion Like in other countries, COVID-19 lockdown policies and the lockdown restrictions primarily caused the experience of SI/L among older adults in Africa. In African countries, they resulted in a severance of older adults from the cultural structure of care for older adults and their familial support systems. Weak government intervention, personal situations, challenges regarding technology, and detachment from daily activities, disproportionately affected older adults in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Wister
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - John Pickering
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Narimani S, Mozaffari N, Habibi Soola A, Nasiri R, Omidi T, Sedri N, Tavan A. Risk communication and risk perception along with its influencing factors in Covid-19 disease: Focusing on the Extended Parallel Process Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2023; 86:103547. [PMID: 36713632 PMCID: PMC9867558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Following the global spread of the Covid-19 infection, the Iranian government adopted measures to control the spread of the disease, but they were not applicable without the acceptance and interaction of the general population. This study used the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) components to attempt to determine risk communication and risk perception along with its influencing factors in Covid-19 disease among the population of northwestern Iran. METHOD This cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of the province. Demographic characteristics and extended parallel process model questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analyzed based on descriptive (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, analysis of variance, regression, chi-square) in SPSS-25 software. RESULTS This study showed that 63.8% of the participants continually followed Covid-19 news, and 34% of participants used social media to get the news and warnings related to the Covid-19 pandemic. Among the domains of participants' risk perception for Covid-19 disease, the three domains of self-efficacy, response effectiveness and intention had the highest means compared with other domains. Significant correlations were found between risk perception and the dimensions of age, gender, marriage status, number of family members, place of residence, underlying disease, history of Covid-19, and family history of Covid-19 disease (p < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, self-efficacy, fear, defensive avoidance, intention, and behaviors were independent predictors of response efficacy (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION More than two years after the onset of the spread of Covid-19 disease, the risk perception of the disease among the study population was still insufficient in many areas. Risk of communication refers to the point of interaction between the government and the people, and the need to improve public trust in this issue is strongly felt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Narimani
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nursing and midwifery, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Naser Mozaffari
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Aghil Habibi Soola
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ramez Nasiri
- General Practitioner, Genetic Consultant, Academic Center for Education, Culture, Research, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Tahereh Omidi
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nadia Sedri
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asghar Tavan
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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de Rooij D, Janse J, Raab J, Timen A. Getting ready to act: theorising a stepwise transition into crisis response at points of entry based on interviews with COVID-19 responders and a military preparedness framework. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e062960. [PMID: 36764722 PMCID: PMC9922878 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Points of entry (POE) have an important role in timely national response to infectious diseases threats. However, a guiding framework is lacking for the transition from generic preparedness into optimally specified response for an imminent infectious disease threat, a step called 'operational readiness'. OBJECTIVE We aim to contribute to the conceptual closure of this preparedness-response gap for infectious disease control at POE by providing content to the operational readiness concept. DESIGN We first explored the NATO Combat Readiness (NCR) concept for its applicability on infectious disease control at POE, as the military discipline faces the same need of being flexible in preparing for unknown threats. Concepts of the NCR that support the transition into response to a specific threat were integrated into the operational readiness concept. To explore the added value of the concept in practice, we conducted and analysed semistructured interviews of professionals at European POE (n=24) responsible for the early COVID-19 response. RESULTS Based on the NCR, operational readiness builds on the fact that activating the response capabilities and capacities to a specific threat requires time. For professionals at POE, the transition from generic preparedness into the COVID-19 response led to challenges in specifying response plans, dealing with an overload of information, while experiencing shortages of public health staff. These challenges could be covered within operational readiness by defining the time and the specific staging needed to upgrade response capabilities and capacities. DISCUSSION We conclude that a guiding framework for operational readiness seems appropriate in relation to the many activities and challenges POE have had to face during the COVID-19 response. Operational readiness is mainly defined by the time dimension required to deploy the response to a specific threat. However, integrating this conceptual framework into practice requires structural and sustainable investments in outbreak preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doret de Rooij
- National Coordination Centre for Communicable Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobine Janse
- Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Military Management Studies, Netherlands Defence Academy, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Raab
- Department of Organization Studies, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Aura Timen
- Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Iqbal M, Ma J, Ullah Z, Ahmad N, Ibrahim M, Waqas M, Ahmad M. Identifying Lockdown Relaxation Strategies and Policy Implications to Fight against COVID-19: Medical Experts Perspective from Pakistan. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 37:609-630. [PMID: 35538734 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2022.2066042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, was first identified in Wuhan, China, has had a drastic effect on the world economy and compelled governments to enforce lockdown in territories. However, lockdown is destroying the world economy badly as well as the physical and mental health of people. Therefore, governments must develop Lockdown Relaxation Strategies (LRS) to overcome the negative consequences of lockdown in Pakistan. Identifying LRS is important for public health and economic restoration. Therefore, this work is an initial attempt to develop LRS in a developing country - Pakistan, and prioritize LRS through a novel ISM-MICMAC approach. By taking response from experts, results show that implementation of smart lockdowns in affected areas, meeting minimum criteria of public health standards, limited operations of public transportation are the most important strategies. Results provide a strategic guideline for governments to take necessary measures and allocate resources appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffar Iqbal
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Department of Business Administration, Lahore leads University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Junhai Ma
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zia Ullah
- Department of Business Administration, Lahore leads University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Business Administration, Lahore leads University, Lahore, Pakistan
- School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Management Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- School of Economics and Finance, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muneer Ahmad
- School of Transportation and Logistics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian,Shaanxi, China
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Establishment of primary health information in the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study of population awareness of self-testing. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022; 31:100981. [PMID: 35673522 PMCID: PMC9156432 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 is a severe threat to human health. This paper aims to investigate the status of mass health self-examination awareness and its influencing factors during the COVID-19 epidemic and establish complete health information to intervene in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. The study used a simple random sampling method to survey permanent residents (9761 people) aged 15–70 years in a region of Jiangsu Province, China. The survey collected data using a questionnaire with acceptable reliability and validity. The data were entered into SPSS 26, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test, ANOVA, and logistic regression. The differences in the status of mass health self-examination during COVID-19 were statistically significant (P < 0.05) in terms of the literacy level of the grassroots population, ease of access to medical care, primary medical and health conditions, the situation of medical examination programs, and the construction of primary health information technology. The establishment of comprehensive and systematic primary health information can effectively assist in raising people's awareness of health self-examination and promoting health behaviors, which is essential for enhancing COVID-19 prevention and intervention.
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DAO THILOI, TO MINHMANH, NGUYEN THEDIEP, HOANG VANTHUAN. Mapping COVID-19 related research from Vietnam: a scoping review. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E166-E173. [PMID: 35647376 PMCID: PMC9121688 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.1.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The situation of COVID-19 pandemic is becoming more complex. The research institutes should focus on the most important challenge related to this outbreak at the national level. We aim to realize this scoping review to map publications on COVID-19 in Vietnam in order to guide research priorities and policies in the country. METHODS This study was conducted at the Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, from May to August 2020, according to the guidance for conducting systematic scoping review. RESULTS A total of 72 studies met the inclusion criteria. The most frequent publications were original articles (27.8%), followed by letter to editor/correspondence (26.4%). According to the research priorities for COVID-19 set by the WHO, 41.7% studies focused on control and prevention of COVID-19, but none of studies on personal protective equipment or protocol for healthcare workers' safety were conducted. 12.5% studies carried out a thorough investigation into epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. Virology and genomics, natural history of the virus and its transmission in Vietnam were described by 18.1% papers. Only one study was conducted in terms of development for candidate therapeutics. CONCLUSION We call for national investigation on treatment against SARS-CoV-2 and protocol for medical staff protection. The government and academic institutions should work in collaboration with international stakeholders, including the WHO, to combat together the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - VAN THUAN HOANG
- Correspondence: Van Thuan Hoang, Department of International Relations and Department of Family Medicine, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh city, 410000 Thai Binh province, Vietnam - E-mail: - Tel.: 0084.227.38.38.545 Fax: 0084.227.38.47.509
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Pappa S, Chen J, Barnett J, Chang A, Dong RK, Xu W, Yin A, Chen BZ, Delios AY, Chen RZ, Miller S, Wan X, Zhang SX. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the mental health symptoms during the Covid-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:41-50. [PMID: 34704305 PMCID: PMC8661667 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The Covid-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on the mental health of the general public and high-risk groups worldwide. Due to its proximity and close links to China, Southeast Asia was one of the first regions to be affected by the outbreak. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety, depression and insomnia in the general adult population and healthcare workers (HCWs) in Southeast Asia during the course of the first year of the pandemic. METHODS Several literature databases were systemically searched for articles published up to February 2021 and two reviewers independently evaluated all relevant studies using pre-determined criteria. The prevalence rates of mental health symptoms were calculated using a random-effect meta-analysis model. RESULTS In total, 32 samples from 25 studies with 20 352 participants were included. Anxiety was assessed in all 25 studies and depression in 15 studies with pooled prevalence rates of 22% and 16%, respectively. Only two studies assessed insomnia, which was estimated at 19%. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was similar among frontline HCWs (18%), general HCWs (17%), and students (20%) while being noticeably higher in the general population (27%). CONCLUSIONS This is the first systematic review to investigate the mental health impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia. A considerable proportion of the general population and HCWs reported mild to moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression; the pooled prevalence rater, however, remain significantly lower than those reported in other areas such as China and Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Pappa
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.,West London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jiyao Chen
- College of Business, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Anabel Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Wen Xu
- Nottingham University Business School China, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Allen Yin
- School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bryan Z Chen
- Crescent Valley High School, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | - Saylor Miller
- College of Business, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Xue Wan
- School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen X Zhang
- Faculty of Professions, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Nguyen LH, Nguyen LD, Ninh LT, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen AD, Dam VAT, Nguyen TT, Do HP, Vu TMT, Tran BX, Latkin CA, Ho CS, Ho RC. COVID-19 and delayed antenatal care impaired pregnant women's quality of life and psychological well-being: What supports should be provided? Evidence from Vietnam. J Affect Disord 2022; 298:119-125. [PMID: 34715160 PMCID: PMC8573380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the associations between different structural and functional supports with the quality of life (QOL) and mental well-being of pregnant women whose antenatal care was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. METHODS A multi-center cross-sectional study was performed on 868 pregnant women. The pregnant women's quality of life questionnaire (QOL-GRAV), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Perinatal Infant Care Social Support (PICSS) instruments were employed. The satisfaction with care from different sources was measured. Multivariate Tobit Regression models were used. RESULTS Seventy pregnant women (8.1%) reported that their antenatal care was influenced by the COVID-19. In this group, a higher level of satisfaction with the care of parents-in-law and a higher score of emotional support were associated with a better "Physical and Emotional changes" domain, while a higher level of appraisal support was related to poorer "Physical and Emotional changes" domain. A higher level of satisfaction with relatives' care and a higher score of emotional support were correlated with a better "Life Satisfaction" domain. EPDS score was negatively correlated with satisfaction with parents-in-law care and appraisal support. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted that intervention programs to improve the QOL and psychological well-being of pregnant women in epidemics such as COVID-19 or other diseases in the future should involve other family members such as parents-in-law and relatives as sources of support. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design was unable to draw causal relationships. Recall bias might occur. The convenient sampling method might limit the generalizability of findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Hoang Nguyen
- VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Lam Duc Nguyen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ly Thi Ninh
- Social Affair Department, Ca Mau Obstetrics & Pediatrics Hospital, Ca Mau, Vietnam
| | | | - Anh Duy Nguyen
- Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Anh Trong Dam
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
| | - Huyen Phuc Do
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States,Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cyrus S.H. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger C.M. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Bouare N, Minta DK, Dabo A, Gerard C. COVID-19: A pluralistic and integrated approach for efficient management of the pandemic. World J Virol 2022; 11:20-39. [PMID: 35117969 PMCID: PMC8788213 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v11.i1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which triggered the ongoing pandemic, was first discovered in China in late 2019. SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that often manifests as a pneumonic syndrome. In the context of the pandemic, there are mixed views on the data provided by epidemiologists and the information collected by hospital clinicians about their patients. In addition, the literature reports a large proportion of patients free of pneumonia vs a small percentage of patients with severe pneumonia among confirmed COVID-19 cases. This raises the issue of the complexity of the work required to control or contain the pandemic. We believe that an integrative and pluralistic approach will help to put the analyses into perspective and reinforce collaboration and creativity in the fight against this major scourge. This paper proposes a comprehensive and integrative approach to COVID-19 research, prevention, control, and treatment to better address the pandemic. Thus, this literature review applies a pluralistic approach to fight the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouhoum Bouare
- Biomedical Sciences Researcher, National Institute of Public Health, Bamako 1771, Mali
| | | | - Abdoulaye Dabo
- Department Epidemiology & Infectiology Disease, Faculty Medicine & Dentistry, CNRST/Univ Bamako, Bamako 3052, Mali
| | - Christiane Gerard
- Formerly Responsible for the Blood Bank, CHU-Liège, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
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Khodayari-Zarnaq R, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Hajizadeh A, Azimi Nayebi B. The Comparison of China and Iran Response to COVD-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learn for Health Policy. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 37:33-44. [PMID: 34629017 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2021.1972892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Currently, despite the change in the course of diseases, attention to infectious diseases and their integration has decreased. The prevalence of remerging infectious diseases has led to the need for appropriate preparation programs. There are still problems in controlling infectious diseases with the outbreak of coronavirus. The outbreak of the disease affected many countries in a short period. Therefore, by examining the actions of the two countries, it is possible to gain appropriate experiences in dealing with infectious diseases. This study was conducted using a gray literature review to examine all applied actions for the response to COVID-19 epidemics and their impacts on the prevalence of this disease in China and Iran. Examination of the documents shows that disease prevention is the most critical action, and we have witnessed a decrease in the number of patients with this disease by the introduction of prevention policies. The implementation problems of quarantine programs were meeting the basic needs of the people and continuing to implement this program. The issue of education was also one of the leading problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Hajizadeh
- School of Management and Medical Information Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bashir Azimi Nayebi
- School of Management and Medical Information Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Wu Y, Zhang Q, Li L, Li M, Zuo Y. Control and Prevention of the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: A Qualitative Community Case Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:4907-4922. [PMID: 34916861 PMCID: PMC8668872 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s336039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cross-infection among residents in communities is one of the most critical reasons for the rapid spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. The COVID-19 epidemic has been well controlled within Chinese communities, which has made important contributions to the country's fight against it. Methods In this study, a qualitative case study design, with mixed methods applied to data collection and analysis, was employed to explore epidemic prevention measures taken by a Chinese community, namely Mulin, during the pandemic. Results The Mulin community established an integrated plan for epidemic prevention, including the prevention of the invasion of COVID-19, the prevention of cross-infection within the community, gaining the residents' trust and support, and providing the residents with convenient services. Conclusion In the present work, the Mulin community was taken as a typical case study, and qualitative methods were employed to comprehensively summarize the practice and experience of the community's epidemic prevention. Mulin's practices could shed light on how communities in other countries, especially developing countries with large populations, can prevent the spread of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Wu
- School of Translation Studies, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhang
- School of International Affairs and Public Administration, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Quality of Life and Public Policy, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzi Li
- Rizhao Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyu Li
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zuo
- School of International Affairs and Public Administration, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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14
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Pham QT, Le XTT, Phan TC, Nguyen QN, Ta NKT, Nguyen AN, Nguyen TT, Nguyen QT, Le HT, Luong AM, Koh D, Hoang MT, Pham HQ, Vu LG, Nguyen TH, Tran BX, Latkin CA, Ho CSH, Ho RCM. Impacts of COVID-19 on the Life and Work of Healthcare Workers During the Nationwide Partial Lockdown in Vietnam. Front Psychol 2021; 12:563193. [PMID: 34489769 PMCID: PMC8417359 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.563193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthcare workers are frontline responders facing a disproportionate increase in occupational responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Added work-related stress among healthcare personnel may lead to personal and work-related repercussions, such as burnout or decreased quality of care for patients; however, little is known about how the COVID-19 pandemic affects the daily work and life of these workers. This study aimed to evaluate the personal and occupational impacts of the COVID-19 induced partial lockdown in Vietnam among hospital staff. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was carried out to collect demographic data and the personal and job impacts of respondents during the second week of national lockdown in April 2020. Snowball sampling technique was applied to recruit 742 hospital staff. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the validity of the instrument. Results: Of the 742 respondents, 21.2% agreed that “working attitude well-maintained,” followed by 16.1% of respondents who reported that there were “enough employees at work.” Only 3.2% of respondents agreed that “their work was appreciated by society.” Furthermore, healthcare workers in the central region were less likely to have experienced “Avoidance of disclosure and discrimination related to COVID-19” than other areas (Coef. = – 0.25, CI: −0.42 to −0.07). Being women also had a negative association with scores in “Avoidance of disclosure and discrimination related to COVID 19” domain (Coef. = −0.27, CI: −0.43 to −0.12) while having a positive association with “negative attitude towards working conditions” domain (Coef. = 0.19, CI: 0.09 to 0.3). In addition, working in administrative offices (Coef. = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.36) and infectious departments (Coef. = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.09 to 0.63) had a positive association with “Increased work pressure due to COVID 19” domain. Conclusion: These findings revealed marginal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the work and life of hospital staff in Vietnam. Furthermore, this study highlighted the importance of implementing preventive strategies during the nationwide partial lockdown to manage hospital admissions and the burden on healthcare workers. Finally, this study characterizes targeted demographics that may benefit from appreciation by employers and society during a national pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Thi Pham
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Thi Thanh Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tam Chi Phan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Quang Nhat Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,UFR Biosciences Department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nhung Kim Thi Ta
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Ngoc Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao Thanh Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Mai Luong
- Viet Nam Health Environment Management Agency, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - David Koh
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah (PAPRSB), Institute of Health Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Men Thi Hoang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Hai Quang Pham
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Linh Gia Vu
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Trang Ha Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cyrus S H Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger C M Ho
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Mohammadpour M, Zarifinezhad E, Ghanbarzadegan A, Naderimanesh K, Shaarbafchizadeh N, Bastani P. Main Factors Affecting the Readiness and Responsiveness of Healthcare Systems during Epidemic Crises: A Scoping Review on Cases of SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:81-92. [PMID: 33753952 PMCID: PMC7966936 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2020.87608.1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Given the significance of the preparedness and responsiveness of healthcare systems in relation to epidemics, this study aimed to determine their influencing factors during epidemic crises with a view to utilizing the findings in the battle against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Methods: This scoping study was conducted in 2020 via the Arksey and O’Malley approach. A systematic search was conducted on five online databases from January 2000 to June 15, 2020. Initially, 1926 English articles were retrieved based on their abstracts. After the screening process, 60 articles were considered for the final analysis. Data were charted by applying Microsoft Office Excel 2013 and were synthesized via thematic analysis. Results: Five main factors have affected the responsiveness and preparedness of countries during the epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19: community-related interventions, managerial interventions, socioeconomic factors, the readiness of hospitals and health centers, and environmental factors. These themes are associated with 38 related sub-themes. The thematic framework shows that interactions between these five determinantes can affect the preparedness and responsiveness of healthcare systems during pandemics/epidemics. Conclusion: According to the results, healthcare systems need to pay attention to their internal capacities, managerial interventions, and health centers to overcome the current pandemic. They should also consider such external factors as socioeconomic and environmental determinants that can affect their potential preparedness against pandemic/epidemic crises. Community-related interventions such as improvement of the community health literacy, teamwork, and social responsibility can enhance the readiness of healthcare systems against the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadtaghi Mohammadpour
- Department of Health Care Management and Health Economics, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Effat Zarifinezhad
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arash Ghanbarzadegan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Khodadad Naderimanesh
- Social Determinant of Health Research Centre, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Nasrin Shaarbafchizadeh
- Health Management and Economics Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peivand Bastani
- Health Human Resources Research Centre, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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16
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Nguyen LH, Hoang MT, Nguyen LD, Ninh LT, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen AD, Vu LG, Vu GT, Doan LP, Latkin CA, Tran BX, Ho CSH, Ho RCM. Acceptance and willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccines among pregnant women in Vietnam. Trop Med Int Health 2021; 26:1303-1313. [PMID: 34370375 PMCID: PMC8447150 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to assess acceptance of COVID‐19 vaccination and the willingness to pay (WTP) for it, and investigate associated factors among pregnant women in Vietnam. Methods Cross‐sectional survey of pregnant women in two obstetric hospitals in Hanoi and Ca Mau provinces, Vietnam. Data on acceptance and WTP for COVID‐19, demographic characteristics, maternal characteristics, and risk perceptions toward COVID‐19 were collected. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were performed to identify factors associated with the acceptance and WTP for the vaccine. Results Of 651 pregnant women, 60.4% accepted to receive the vaccine, and 82.6% of the total pregnant women were willing to pay for a COVID‐19 vaccine with the mean amount of WTP of USD 15.2 (SD ± 27.4). The most common reason for refusing vaccination was “Worry about the safety of the vaccine” (66.9%) in Hanoi and “The preventive effect of COVID‐19 is low” (45.2%) in Ca Mau. A higher income, having children, self‐perceived risk of COVID‐19 infection, and perceived risk to friends were associated with a higher likelihood of acceptance and WTP for the vaccine. Conclusions Implementing COVID‐19 vaccination and resource mobilisation among pregnant women in Vietnam is feasible, although communication programmes to improve risk perception and awareness about vaccine should be developed for facilitating acceptance of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Men Thi Hoang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Lam Duc Nguyen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ly Thi Ninh
- Social Affair Department, Ca Mau Obstetrics & Pediatrics Hospital, Ca Mau, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Linh Gia Vu
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Linh Phuong Doan
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cyrus S H Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger C M Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Alqahtani MMJ, Arnout BA, Fadhel FH, Sufyan NSSL. Risk perceptions of COVID-19 and its impact on precautionary behavior: A qualitative study. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2021; 104:1860-1867. [PMID: 33612345 PMCID: PMC7882911 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The controlling of the COVID-19 pandemic is influenced by the precautionary behavior of the community, and such behavior is frequently related to individuals' risk perception. The current study aimed to explore risk perceptions and precautionary behavior in response to COVID-19. METHOD Qualitative in-depth interviews by telephone were undertaken with 26 participants from three affected cities in an initial stage of the disease outbreak, from May 3 to June 5, 2020. The method of analyzing data was inductive. The results were analyzed using interpretation, categorizing, and thematic analysis. RESULTS The perception of risk is influenced by numerous individual, community, and cultural factors; these perceptions act as triggers for precautionary behavior, with a tendency to deny risks or react with exaggeration in terms of the precautionary reactions related to COVID-19. The thematic analysis produced two major categories: 1) risk perception and 2) precautionary behavior. The analysis provides essential insight into risk perception and precautionary behavior. CONCLUSION The risk perceptions and patterns of precautionary behavior could be unreliable, unhealthy, and culturally affected, which would influence the effectiveness of pandemic control measures. Further investigations with more data and including risk perception and precautionary behavior in the national response plan for emergency and crisis are highly recommended. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS A greater understanding and ongoing assessment of COVID-19 risk perception could inform policymakers and health professionals who seek to promote precautionary behavior. This could also facilitate early interventions during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boshra A Arnout
- Department of Psychology, King Khalid University, Abha City, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychology, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Fahmi Hassan Fadhel
- Department of Psychology, King Khalid University, Abha City, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychology, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah City, Yemen
| | - Nabil Saleh SLeh Sufyan
- Department of Psychology, King Khalid University, Abha City, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychology, Taiz University, Taiz City, Yemen
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18
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Acharya A, Wolfson C, Matta S, Cardona C, Lamba S, Bishai D. The Role of Public Health Expenditures in COVID-19 control: Evidence from Local Governments in England. SSM Popul Health 2021; 15:100861. [PMID: 34230891 PMCID: PMC8247200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For over 150 years the local health departments of England have been critical in controlling 19th and 20th century infectious epidemics. However, recent administrative changes have hollowed out their flexibility to serve communities. We use administrative data on past budgetary allocations per capita to public health departments at upper tier local areas (UTLAs) of England to examine whether public health funding levels were correlated with more rapid control of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic between March and July of 2020. The dependent variable was the number of days between a UTLA's 10th case of COVID-19 and the day when new cases per 100,000 peaked and began to decline. Our models controlled for regional socio-economic factors. We found no correlation between local public health expenditure and the speed of control of COVID-19. However, overall public expenditure allocated to improve local areas helped reduce time to reach peak. Contrary to expectation, more dense areas such as London experienced shorter duration. Higher income areas had more rapid success in accelerating the time of the first peak in the first wave of their local COVID-19 incidence. We contribute to understanding the impact of how public expenditure and socio-economic factors affect an epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Acharya
- Independent Researcher, 11614 Tall Pines Drive, Germantown, MD, 20876, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Carrie Wolfson
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sasmira Matta
- The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Health Care Management and Economics, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19106, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19106, USA
| | - Carolina Cardona
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sneha Lamba
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - David Bishai
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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19
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Public psychological distance and spatial distribution characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Chinese context. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 41:1065-1084. [PMID: 34177207 PMCID: PMC8214391 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency, which continues to have a significant impact on the functioning of society and the public’s daily life. From the perspective of psychological distance (PD), this study used descriptive, differential, and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods to explore the cognitive distance, emotional distance, expected distance and behavioral distance of the Chinese public in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. An analysis of 4042 valid sample data found that: (1) The event emotional distance and subject emotional distance were both furthest from the event and subject psychological distance dimensions, and anger about the event was the strongest. (2) The government was the most appealing subject in the process of pandemic prevention and control, but at the same time, the public’s sense of closeness to the government was also lower than that of the other three subjects, e.g., medical institutions. (3) Different pandemic regions showed significant differences in PD. Mean scores of PD in each risk region were as follows: High-risk regions > medium-risk regions > low-risk regions. (4) From a global perspective, no spatial autocorrelation was found in PD. However, from a local perspective, high-value regions (provinces with distant PD) are mainly concentrated in the southern regions (Guizhou, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi), and low-value regions (provinces with close PD) are mainly concentrated in North China (Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing). Combined with the relevant conclusions, this paper put forward policy recommendations.
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20
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Lanyero B, Edea ZA, Musa EO, Watare SH, Mandalia ML, Livinus MC, Ebrahim FK, Girmay A, Bategereza AK, Abayneh A, Sambo BH, Abate E. Readiness and early response to COVID-19: achievements, challenges and lessons learnt in Ethiopia. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2021-005581. [PMID: 34112648 PMCID: PMC8193696 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Declaration of the novel coronavirus disease as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern necessitated countries to get ready to respond. Here, we describe key achievements, challenges and lessons learnt during the readiness and early response to COVID-19 in Ethiopia. Readiness activities commenced as early as January 2020 with the activation of a national Public Health Emergency Operations Centre and COVID-19 Incident Management System (IMS) by the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. The COVID-19 IMS conducted rapid risk assessments, developed scenario-based contingency plans, national COVID-19 guidelines and facilitated the enhancement of early warning and monitoring mechanisms. Early activation of a coordination mechanism and strengthening of detection and response capacities contributed to getting the country ready on time and mounting an effective early response. High-level political leadership and commitment led to focused efforts in coordination of response interventions. Health screening, mandatory 14-day quarantine and testing established for all international travellers arriving into the country slowed down the influx of travellers. The International Health Regulations (IHR) capacities in the country served as a good foundation for timely readiness and response. Leveraging on existing IHR capacities in the country built prior to COVID-19 helped slow down the importation and mitigated uncontrolled spread of the disease in the country. Challenges experienced included late operationalisation of a multisectoral coordination platform, shortage of personal protective equipment resulting from global disruption of importation and the huge influx of over 10 000 returnees from different COVID-19-affected countries over a short period of time with resultant constrain on response resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Lanyero
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit, World Health Organization Country Office for Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdu Assefa Edea
- Early Warning and Information System Management Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Emmanuel Onuche Musa
- WHE Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Shambel Habebe Watare
- Public Health Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mayur Lalji Mandalia
- Liaison Office to the African Union and the UN Economic Commission for Africa, World Health Organization, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Martin Chibueze Livinus
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit, World Health Organization Country Office for Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Faiqa Kassim Ebrahim
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit, World Health Organization Country Office for Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiy Girmay
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit, World Health Organization Country Office for Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aggrey Kaijuka Bategereza
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit, World Health Organization Country Office for Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aschalew Abayneh
- Public Health Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Boureima Hama Sambo
- World Health Organization Representative to Ethiopia, World Health Organization Country Office for Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ebba Abate
- Director General office, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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21
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Ali NA, Feroz AS, Akber N, Feroz R, Nazim Meghani S, Saleem S. When COVID-19 enters in a community setting: an exploratory qualitative study of community perspectives on COVID-19 affecting mental well-being. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049851. [PMID: 33986068 PMCID: PMC8126434 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an increased level of anxiety and fear among the general population related to its management and infection spread. Considering the relevance of present circumstances, we explored perceptions and attitudes of community members towards their mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. SETTING We conducted an exploratory qualitative study using a purposive sampling approach, at two communities of Karachi, Pakistan. PARTICIPANTS In-depth interviews were conducted with community members including, young adults, middle-aged adults and older adults of both genders. Study data were analysed manually using the thematic analysis technique. PRIMARY OUTCOME The primary outcome is assessing community perception towards their mental well-being amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS A total of 27 in-depth interviews were conducted, between May and June 2020. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the general communities; (2) current coping mechanisms to adapt to the new reality and (3) recommendations to address the mental health of communities. Generally, community members underwent increased anxiety and fear due to the contagious nature of the virus. Alongside, social, financial and religious repercussions of the pandemic have also heightened psychological distress among community members. However, community members were able to point out some of the coping mechanisms such as getting closer to God, connecting with family, participating in mental health sessions and resetting lives by indulging in diverse activities. Simultaneously, they also recommended the need for remote mental health services for elders and continuous efforts by the government to address the mental health needs of the community. CONCLUSION COVID-19-associated mental health consequences have hit every individual in society. The study finding has the potential to guide the development of context-specific innovative mental health programmes to overcome the pandemic repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naureen Akber Ali
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Noshaba Akber
- Department of Sociology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ridah Feroz
- Aga Khan University Institute for Educational Development, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sarah Saleem
- Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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22
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Baral P. Health Systems and Services During COVID-19: Lessons and Evidence From Previous Crises: A Rapid Scoping Review to Inform the United Nations Research Roadmap for the COVID-19 Recovery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES 2021; 51:474-493. [DOI: 10.1177/0020731421997088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This rapid scoping review has informed the development of the November 2020 United Nations Research Roadmap for the COVID-19 Recovery, by providing a synthesis of available evidence on the impact of pandemics and epidemics on (1) essential services and (2) health systems preparedness and strengthening. Emerging findings point to existing disparities in health systems and services being further exacerbated, with marginalized populations and low- and middle-income countries burdened disproportionately. More broadly, there is a need to further understand short- and long-term impacts of bypassed essential services, quality assurance of services, the role of primary health care in the frontline, and the need for additional mechanisms for effective vaccine messaging and uptake during epidemics. The review also highlights how trust—of institutions, of science, and between communities and health systems—remains central to a successful pandemic response. Finally, previous crises had repeatedly foreshadowed the inability of health systems to handle upcoming pandemics, yet the reactive nature of policies and practices compounded by lack of resources, infrastructure, and political will have resulted in the current failed response to COVID-19. There is therefore an urgent need for investments in implementation science and for strategies to bridge this persistent research–practice gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Baral
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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23
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Ouyang H, Wen J, Gu W, Shen H, Song K. Evaluation of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical characteristics and psychological status in internet consultation respondents. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211014696. [PMID: 33950712 PMCID: PMC10305789 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211014696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a sudden, infectious disease that can be life-threatening and may cause people to feel panic and anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and psychological status of a specific population using an internet consultation platform during the outbreak of COVID-19. The questionnaire survey included questions regarding basic information (e.g. area, sex, age, occupation, and education level), clinical characteristics, and cognitive and psychological status concerning COVID-19 from January 31, 2020 to March 31, 2020. There were 277 patients (43.49%) with three or more symptoms, 121 (12.11%) with a clinical questionnaire score ≥8, and 6.81% who lived in Hubei in the previous 14 days. Of the respondents, 4.9% had contact fever or were confirmed to have COVID-19 in the previous 14 days. The respondents were mostly aware that COVID-19 can be transmitted from person to person and via the respiratory tract, but awareness of general susceptibility and specific symptoms of COVID-19 was low. Multivariate analysis showed that urban residents, clerk/students and higher education groups were well aware of COVID-19. Regarding mental health, the anxiety score of the respondents was 7.12 ± 2.32, and the proportion of anxiety was 54.15%. Younger women were more likely to have anxiety when they experienced positive symptoms. Individuals with a Hubei residence history and those who had contact with an individual with a fever or were confirmed patients in the previous 14 days were more likely to have moderate or severe anxiety. The COVID-19-related knowledge of the respondents was generally good but still could have been improved. Their psychological status was also affected by the pandemic. The internet consultation platform played a positive role in spreading pandemic-related information, providing medical help and psychological counseling, and strengthening early warning to the potential high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ouyang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second
Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wen
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second
Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wenyong Gu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second
Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Huaying Shen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second
Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second
Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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24
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Wang C, Chudzicka-Czupała A, Tee ML, Núñez ML, Tripp C, Fardin MA, Habib HA, Tran BX, Adamus K, Anlacan J, García MEA, Grabowski D, Hussain S, Hoang MT, Hetnał M, Le XT, Ma W, Pham HQ, Reyes PWC, Shirazi M, Tan Y, Tee CA, Xu L, Xu Z, Vu GT, Zhou D, Chan NA, Kuruchittham V, McIntyre RS, Ho CSH, Ho R, Sears SF. A chain mediation model on COVID-19 symptoms and mental health outcomes in Americans, Asians and Europeans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6481. [PMID: 33742072 PMCID: PMC7979938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020, impacting the lifestyles, economy, physical and mental health of individuals globally. This study aimed to test the model triggered by physical symptoms resembling COVID-19 infection, in which the need for health information and perceived impact of the pandemic mediated the path sequentially, leading to adverse mental health outcomes. A cross-sectional research design with chain mediation model involving 4612 participants from participating 8 countries selected via a respondent-driven sampling strategy was used. Participants completed online questionnaires on physical symptoms, the need for health information, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) questionnaire and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The results showed that Poland and the Philippines were the two countries with the highest levels of anxiety, depression and stress; conversely, Vietnam had the lowest mean scores in these areas. Chain mediation model showed the need for health information, and the perceived impact of the pandemic were sequential mediators between physical symptoms resembling COVID-19 infection (predictor) and consequent mental health status (outcome). Excessive and contradictory health information might increase the perceived impact of the pandemic. Rapid COVID-19 testing should be implemented to minimize the psychological burden associated with physical symptoms, whilst public mental health interventions could target adverse mental outcomes associated with the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Wang
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Agata Chudzicka-Czupała
- grid.433893.60000 0001 2184 0541Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michael L. Tee
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - María Inmaculada López Núñez
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Social, Work and Differential Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, Madrid, Spain
| | - Connor Tripp
- grid.255364.30000 0001 2191 0423Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC USA
| | - Mohammad A. Fardin
- Department of Psychology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hina A. Habib
- grid.266518.e0000 0001 0219 3705Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bach X. Tran
- grid.56046.310000 0004 0642 8489Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000 Vietnam ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Katarzyna Adamus
- grid.433893.60000 0001 2184 0541Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joseph Anlacan
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Marta E. Aparicio García
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Social, Work and Differential Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, Madrid, Spain
| | - Damian Grabowski
- grid.433893.60000 0001 2184 0541Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Men T. Hoang
- grid.444918.40000 0004 1794 7022Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Mateusz Hetnał
- grid.433893.60000 0001 2184 0541Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Xuan T. Le
- grid.56046.310000 0004 0642 8489Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Wenfang Ma
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Hai Q. Pham
- grid.444918.40000 0004 1794 7022Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Patrick Wincy C. Reyes
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Mahmoud Shirazi
- grid.412796.f0000 0004 0612 766XDepartment of Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Yilin Tan
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Cherica A. Tee
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Linkang Xu
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Ziqi Xu
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Giang T. Vu
- grid.473736.20000 0004 4659 3737Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Danqing Zhou
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Natalie A. Chan
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Vipat Kuruchittham
- Southeast Asia One Health University Network (SEAOHUN), Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cyrus S. H. Ho
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Ho
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Samuel F. Sears
- grid.255364.30000 0001 2191 0423Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC USA
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25
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Lan VTH, Dzung LT, Quyen BTT, Nha PB, Linh NT, Hoang LT, Nghia NQ, Hung DD. Impact of Central Quarantine Inside a Lockdown Hospital Due to COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Disorders among Health Care Staffs in Central Hospitals of Hanoi, Vietnam, 2020. Health Serv Insights 2021; 14:1178632921999662. [PMID: 33795936 PMCID: PMC7968022 DOI: 10.1177/1178632921999662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of undergoing a central quarantine due to the lockdown of Bach Mai hospital on the psychological disorders and identify associated factors with depression among hospital employees in central hospitals of Hanoi, Vietnam. Employing a cross-sectional design, the study collected data from staff working in the lockdown hospital and other central hospitals during 1 week after the lockdown happened. The sample size included 373 staff from 3 hospitals, the study time was. Depression was tested using PH-Q9 scale. Multivariate logistics regression was employed to test for the impact of central quarantine on depression and identify other significant related factors. The study confirmed a high burden of psychological issues that hospital employees were facing. Staff working in the lockdown hospital had 2.3 times higher odds of being perceived depression than others. Those who contact directly about 21 to 20 patients/day had 3.19-times higher odds of being perceived depression than others. Staff who being stigmatization associated with COVID-19 had 2.63 times higher odds of perceived depression than others. Reducing these associated factors to depression may help to reduce the psychological burden HEs have to cope with during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thi Hoang Lan
- Department of Epidemiology, Hanoi University of Public Health, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thanh Dzung
- Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine Center, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Tu Quyen
- Department of Biostatistics, Hanoi University of Public Health, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Ba Nha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thuy Linh
- Department of Epidemiology, Hanoi University of Public Health, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Tu Hoang
- Department of Biostatistics, Hanoi University of Public Health, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quang Nghia
- Organ Transplantation Center-Viet Duc University Hospital, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
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26
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Nong VM, Le Thi Nguyen Q, Doan TT, Van Do T, Nguyen TQ, Dao CX, Thi Nguyen TH, Do CD. The second wave of COVID-19 in a tourist hotspot in Vietnam. J Travel Med 2021; 28:5908539. [PMID: 32946584 PMCID: PMC7543549 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The second wave of COVID-19 in Vietnam started in the largest tourist city in the country (Da Nang), initially with nosocomial transmission which spilled over and resulted in widespread community transmission. We discuss the challenges and strategies to prevent a further nationwide outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuong Minh Nong
- Center for Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tra Thu Doan
- Center for Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Van Do
- Center for Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Cuong Duy Do
- Center for Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
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27
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Wang C, Tee M, Roy AE, Fardin MA, Srichokchatchawan W, Habib HA, Tran BX, Hussain S, Hoang MT, Le XT, Ma W, Pham HQ, Shirazi M, Taneepanichskul N, Tan Y, Tee C, Xu L, Xu Z, Vu GT, Zhou D, Koh BJ, McIntyre RS, Ho C, Ho RC, Kuruchittham V. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health of Asians: A study of seven middle-income countries in Asia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246824. [PMID: 33571297 PMCID: PMC7877638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the economy, livelihood, and physical and mental well-being of people worldwide. This study aimed to compare the mental health status during the pandemic in the general population of seven middle income countries (MICs) in Asia (China, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam). All the countries used the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to measure mental health. There were 4479 Asians completed the questionnaire with demographic characteristics, physical symptoms and health service utilization, contact history, knowledge and concern, precautionary measure, and rated their mental health with the IES-R and DASS-21. Descriptive statistics, One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and linear regression were used to identify protective and risk factors associated with mental health parameters. There were significant differences in IES-R and DASS-21 scores between 7 MICs (p<0.05). Thailand had all the highest scores of IES-R, DASS-21 stress, anxiety, and depression scores whereas Vietnam had all the lowest scores. The risk factors for adverse mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic include age <30 years, high education background, single and separated status, discrimination by other countries and contact with people with COVID-19 (p<0.05). The protective factors for mental health include male gender, staying with children or more than 6 people in the same household, employment, confidence in doctors, high perceived likelihood of survival, and spending less time on health information (p<0.05). This comparative study among 7 MICs enhanced the understanding of metal health in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Wang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Michael Tee
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Mohammad A. Fardin
- Department of Psychology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Wandee Srichokchatchawan
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, a member of Thailand One Health University Network (THOHUN), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hina A. Habib
- Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bach X. Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | | | - Men T. Hoang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Xuan T. Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Wenfang Ma
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Hai Q. Pham
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Mahmoud Shirazi
- Department of Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Nutta Taneepanichskul
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, a member of Thailand One Health University Network (THOHUN), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yilin Tan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Cherica Tee
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Linkang Xu
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Ziqi Xu
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Giang T. Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Danqing Zhou
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Bernard J. Koh
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cyrus Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger C. Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| | - Vipat Kuruchittham
- Southeast Asia One Health University Network (SEAOHUN), Chiang Mai, Thailand
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28
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Nguyen TTP, Nguyen LH, Le HT, Vu GT, Hoang MT, Nguyen DN, Le XTT, Tran BX, Nguyen TT, Pham QT, Ta NTK, Nguyen QT, Latkin CA, Ho RCM, Ho CSH. Perceptions and Attitudes Toward COVID-19-Related National Response Measures of Vietnamese: Implications for Pandemic Prevention and Control. Front Public Health 2020; 8:589053. [PMID: 33163473 PMCID: PMC7581721 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.589053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Public perceptions and attitudes toward preventive and control measures are vital to ensure the success of national response strategies in combating COVID-19. This study assessed perceptions and attitudes via the importance of national response measures to COVID-19 among people under the nationwide partial lockdown of Vietnam. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1382 people in Vietnam mainly public administration and health workers with relatives. Perceptions and attitudes toward seven national response measures to COVID-19 epidemics were assessed. Multivariable Tobit regression models were employed to identify factors associated with the perceptions. Results: The proportion of participants strongly agreeing with the measure “Isolate people from abroad and people in contact with people infected with COVID 19” was the highest (96.9%), following by the measure “Obligatory to wear face masks in public places” (96.8%), and “Blockade of places having new cases” (92.9%). Living in the Southern region, having a family with more than 5 people, and having post-graduate education were negatively correlated to the levels of perceived importance of “Social distancing and community screening” measures. Meanwhile, having post-graduate education (Coef. = −0.04; 95%CI: −0.07; −0.01), working as white-collar workers (Coef. = −0.04; 95%CI: −0.08; −0.01), and having fixed-term, full-time employment (Coef. = −0.07; 95%CI: −0.10; −0.03) were inversely associated with the levels of perceived importance of the “Mandatory quarantine and personal protective equipment” measures. Conclusion: This study informed highly positive perceptions and attitudes toward the national response measure to combat the COVID-19 in Vietnam. Contextualized strategies to maintain and improve these perceptions are warranted to ensure the success of preventive measures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Hoang Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Men Thi Hoang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Diep Ngoc Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Thi Thanh Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Thao Thanh Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quan Thi Pham
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Thi Kim Ta
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Roger C M Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S H Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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