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Chen W, Yang H, Yan Q, Zhou X, Tan Z, Wang Z. Effects of maternal feed intake restriction on the blood parameters, fatty acid profile and lipogenetic genes expression of perirenal fat in offspring kids. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 238:106955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2
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Liu J, Fu Q, Liu S. Transcriptional Regulation Based on Network of Autophagy Identifies Key Genes and Potential Mechanisms in Human Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2021; 13:1431S-1441S. [PMID: 32819149 PMCID: PMC8804715 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520951632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic arthropathy that frequently occurs in the middle-aged and elderly population. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of OA based on autophagy theory. DESIGN We downloaded the gene expression profile from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the keyword "autophagy" were identified using the scanGEO online analysis tool. DEGs representing the same expression trend were screened using the MATCH function. Clinical synovial specimens were collected for identification, pathological diagnosis, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Differential expression of mRNAs in the synovial membrane tissues and chondrocyte monolayer samples from OA patients was used to identify potential OA biomarkers. Protein-protein interactions were established by the STRING website and visualized with Cytoscape. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape database. RESULTS GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2, and ATG13 were obtained as co-expressed autogenes in the 3 data sets. They were all downregulated among OA synovial tissues compared with non-OA synovial tissues (P < 0.01). A protein-protein interaction network was constructed based on these 3 genes and included 63 genes. A functional analysis revealed that these genes were associated with autophagy-related functions. The top hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network were presented. Furthermore, 3 key modules were extracted to be core control modules. CONCLUSIONS These results offer an important molecular understanding of the key transcriptional regulatory genes and modules based on the network of potential autophagy mechanisms in human OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Shengjing
Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Shengjing
Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Shengye Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Shengjing
Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of
China,Shengye Liu, Department of Orthopedics, The
Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004,
People’s Republic of China.
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Berhe K, Weldegerima L, Gebrearegay F, Kahsay A, Tesfahunegn A, Rejeu M, Gebremariam B. Effect of under-nutrition during pregnancy on low birth weight in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia; a prospective cohort study. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:72. [PMID: 34782014 PMCID: PMC8594154 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Under-nutrition during pregnancy affects birth outcomes and neonatal outcomes. Worldwide, 20.5 million children were low birth weight, mainly in poor countries. However, there is no longitudinal-based evidence on the effect of under-nutrition during pregnancy on birth weight in Tigray regional state. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect of under-nutrition during pregnancy on low birth weight in Tigray regional state. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study among consecutively selected 540 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals from October 2019 to June 2020. Pregnant women with mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 23 cm were exposed and those with MUAC≥23 cm were unexposed. Data on socio-demographic, diet, hygiene and anthropometry measurements were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires. SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. A log-binomial model was used to estimate the adjusted risk ratio and its 95%CI of the risk factors for low birth weight. Multi-collinearity was checked using the variance inflation factor (VIF) at a cut-off point of 8 and there was no multi-collinearity. Result The overall incidence of low birth weight was 14% (95%CI: 11.1, 17.4%). The incidence of low birth weight was 18.4 and 9.8% among the exposed and unexposed women, respectively. The difference in low birth weight incidence between the exposed and unexposed groups was statistically significant (p-value = 0.006). The risk factors of low birth weight were maternal illiteracy (ARR: 1.8, 95%CI: 1.01, 3.3), low monthly family income < 50 US Dollar (ARR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.07, 2.2), lack of latrine utilization (ARR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.28, 0.78), and diet diversity score < 5 (ARR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.05, 2.61). Conclusion Low birth weight was significantly higher among the exposed pregnant women. Maternal illiteracy, low monthly income, lack of latrine utilization, and low DDS were risk factors of low birth weight. It is then important to strengthen nutritional assessment and interventions during pregnancy, with a special attention for illiterate, and low monthly income pregnant women. Again, there has to be a promotion of latrine utilization and consumption of diversified diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kidanemaryam Berhe
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
| | - Lemlem Weldegerima
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Freweini Gebrearegay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Amaha Kahsay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Afewerki Tesfahunegn
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Mehammedseid Rejeu
- Department of Maternity and Reproductive Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
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Wu J, Zhang H, Deng R, Xing L, Hu M, Fu X. Interleukin‑Iβ promotes cartilage degeneration by regulating forkhead box protein O4 and type Ⅱ collagen. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:813. [PMID: 34549304 PMCID: PMC8477174 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent pain-inducing and disabling diseases globally. Aging is a primary contributing factor to the progression of OA. Forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) is known to be involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis regulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between FOXO4 expression and chondrocyte degeneration in rats. Chondrocytes were assigned to the control (4-week-old rats), natural degeneration (16-week-old rats) or induced degeneration (IL-1β-treated chondrocytes from 4-week-old rats) groups. Immunocytochemical analysis with β-galactosidase staining revealed a greater number of stained cells present in the natural and induced degeneration groups than in the control group. PCR analysis indicated lower mRNA expression levels of collagen type II α1 chain (Col2α) and higher levels of FOXO4, and western blotting revealed reduced Col2α protein expression levels and significantly elevated FOXO4 levels in the natural and induced degeneration groups, compared with those in the control group. The results of the present study revealed that FOXO4 expression was altered in the natural and induced degeneration groups, and further research and exploration are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with The Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China
| | - Rulin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330038, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Xing
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with The Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Mingwu Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhou S, Cai W, Han G, Li J, Chen M, Li H. Hypoxia/reoxygenation activates the JNK pathway and accelerates synovial senescence. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:265-276. [PMID: 32377698 PMCID: PMC7248463 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) may play an important role via senescence in the mechanism of osteoarthritis (OA) development. The synovial membrane is highly sensitive to H/R due to its oxygen consumption feature. Excessive mechanical loads and oxidative stress caused by H/R induce a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which is related to the development of OA. The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences of SASP manifestation in synovial tissue masses between tissues from healthy controls and patients with OA. The present study used tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) to pre-treat synovial tissue and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to observe the effect of inflammatory cytokines on the synovial membrane before H/R. It was determined that H/R increased interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 expression levels in TNF-α-induced cell culture supernatants, increased the proportion of SA-β-gal staining, and increased the expression levels of high mobility group box 1, caspase-8, p16, p21, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13 in the synovium. Furthermore, H/R opened the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and increased the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, H/R caused the expansion of the mitochondrial matrix and rupture of the mitochondrial extracorporeal membrane, with a decrease in the number of cristae. In addition, H/R induced activation of the JNK signaling pathway in FLS to induce cell senescence. Thus, the present results indicated that H/R may cause inflammation and escalate synovial inflammation induced by TNF-α, which may lead to the pathogenesis of OA by increasing changes in synovial SASP and activating the JNK signaling pathway. Therefore, further studies expanding on the understanding of the pathogenesis of H/R etiology in OA are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubiao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Weisong Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Guangtao Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Mao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Haohuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Tsehay B, Shitie D, Lake A, Abebaw E, Taye A, Essa E. Determinants and seasonality of major structural birth defects among newborns delivered at primary and referral hospital of East and West Gojjam zones, Northwest Ethiopia 2017-2018: case-control study. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:495. [PMID: 31399144 PMCID: PMC6688374 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although infant mortality because of birth defect has increased in both developed and developing countries, had not got attention like other health issues at national, regional, or local levels. Documenting the risk factors that influence the occurrence of birth defects and its seasonality will help to inform the community and to develop preventive strategies for the country. Results Factors associated with higher likelihood of a major structural birth defects included maternal age; neonates born from women living in urban; and in Dega; history of fever during pregnancy; intake of herbal medicine; and drinking alcohol. Counselling for pregnancy preparation and folic acid supplementation was found protective for the likelihood of birth defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binalfew Tsehay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
| | - Desalegn Shitie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Akilog Lake
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Erimiyas Abebaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Amisalu Taye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Enatinesh Essa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Huang P, Gu J, Wu J, Geng L, Hong Y, Wang S, Wang M. Microarray analysis of the molecular mechanisms associated with age and body mass index in human meniscal injury. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:93-102. [PMID: 30483788 PMCID: PMC6297773 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify genes and functional pathways associated with meniscal injuries affected by age or body mass index (BMI) using microarray analysis. The GSE45233 gene expression dataset with 12 injured meniscus samples associated with age and BMI and GSE66635 dataset with 12 injured and 12 normal meniscus samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on age or BMI in GSE45233. DEGs between injured and normal meniscus samples in GSE66635 were also identified. Common DEGs between GSE45233 and GSE66635 were identified as feature genes associated with age or BMI, followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional pathway enrichment analyses for the feature genes. Finally, the GSE51588 genome-wide expression profile was then downloaded from the GEO database to validate the results. A total of 1,328 DEGs were identified. Of these, 28 age-associated and 20 BMI-associated meniscal injury genes were obtained. B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-14 were identified as hub genes in the PPI networks. Functional pathway enrichment analysis revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), transferrin (TF) and Bcl-2 were involved in the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway. TF was involved in the mineral absorption function pathway associated with BMI. Additionally, TF and VEGFA were identified to be overlapping candidate genes of GSE45233 and GSE66635, and DEGs in GSE51588. Therefore, VEGFA, TF, and Bcl-2 may be important genes for human meniscal injuries. Additional evaluations of these results are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Junguo Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Lei Geng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Siqun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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Gutiérrez AMG, Cardona Maya WD. Re: Paternal Lifestyle Factors in Relation to Semen Quality and In Vitro Reproductive Outcomes. Eur Urol 2018; 75:343-344. [PMID: 30396634 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra María Gómez Gutiérrez
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medical School, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia; Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Medical School, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Walter D Cardona Maya
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medical School, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia.
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Song JL, Li DL, Fang H, Cai DZ. Intraperitoneal injection of thalidomide alleviates early osteoarthritis development by suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor expression in mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:571-579. [PMID: 29750304 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed in articular cartilage and increases in expression levels have been associated with the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Thalidomide is a drug that has been reported to inhibit angiogenesis and reduce VEGF production by downregulating VEGF expression. The objective of the present study was to determine whether intraperitoneal administration of thalidomide may attenuate early OA development in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice (10‑weeks‑old) were randomly assigned into the destabilization of the medial meniscus (Dmm) with thalidomide treatment (Dmm+Th), Dmm and Sham groups equally. An OA model was induced surgically in Dmm+Th and Dmm groups, and mice of the Dmm+Th group were subsequently treated with an intraperitoneal injection of thalidomide (200 mg/kg/day). At 2 and 4 weeks following surgery, the pathological alterations in cartilage samples were assessed qualitatively by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Safranin O/Fast green staining, and quantitatively by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International scoring system. The mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase‑13 (MMP‑13) and VEGF were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression levels of MMP‑13 and VEGF were detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The production of VEGF in serum was evaluated via an ELISA assay. Pathological scores were significantly higher in the Dmm and the Dmm+Th groups than those in the Sham group; however, the Dmm+Th group exhibited markedly less severe pathological changes compared with the Dmm group. Compared with the Sham group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF and MMP‑13 in the Dmm and the Dmm+Th groups were significantly increased. The Dmm+Th group exhibited significantly decreased expression levels of VEGF and MMP‑13, as well as significantly decreased serum VEGF concentration compared with the Dmm group. Thus, the results of the present study demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of thalidomide may alleviate the development of early OA by suppressing VEGF expression in mice and may have potential as a novel therapy for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - De Long Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Hang Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Dao Zhang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Taye M, Afework M, Fantaye W, Diro E, Worku A. Factors associated with congenital anomalies in Addis Ababa and the Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:142. [PMID: 29699508 PMCID: PMC5921791 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The early stage of embryo development is extremely vulnerable to various teratogenic factors, leading to congenital anomalies. In Ethiopia, a significant number of babies are born with congenital anomalies, but the risk factors for the anomalies have never been studied. Understanding the specific risk factors for congenital anomalies is very essential to provide health education that aims at creating awareness and establishing preventive strategic plan/s. The main objective of this study was to assess the risk factors associated with congenital anomalies in Addis Ababa and the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Methods A case-control study was conducted from January 1- June 30, 2015. The participants were recruited at the purposively selected hospitals in Addis Ababa and the Amhara Region. A total of 207 cases and 207 controls were included in the study. Cases were neonates, infants, and children 0-11 months of age with external and internal major congenital anomalies diagnosed by pediatricians. Controls were neonates, infants, and children 0-11 months of age without external and internal anomalies. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to risk factors, and reproductive history were collected by face to face interviews with children’s mothers/caregivers using a structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was employed to explore risk factors associated with the occurrence of the problems. Results About 87.4% of the children were below 6 months, and 12.6% were between 6 and 11 months. The majority (59.9%) of the children were male, with the M: F sex ratio of 1.49. The mean age of the mothers was 26 years (16-45 years). Unidentified medication use during early pregnancy (AOR = 4.595; 95% CI: 1.868-11.301, P-value = 0.001), maternal alcohol drinking (AOR = 2.394; 95% CI: 1.212-4.726, P-value = 0.012), and exposure to chemicals (AOR = 9.964; 95% CI = 1.238-80.193, P-value = 0.031) were significantly associated with the occurrence of congenital anomalies. Iron folate use (AOR = 0.051; 95% CI: 0.010-0.260, P-value = < 0.001) before and during early pregnancy had a protective effect on congenital anomaly. Conclusion Unidentified medication use, alcohol drinking during early pregnancy, and exposure to chemicals had a significant association with the occurrence of congenital anomalies, whereas iron folate use before and during early pregnancy had a protective effect from congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molla Taye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, the University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Mekbeb Afework
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwossen Fantaye
- School of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Diro
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, the University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Worku
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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11
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Zhang D, Zhang G, Li Z, Li B. Activation of the cannabinoid receptor 1 by ACEA suppresses senescence in human primary chondrocytes through sirt1 activation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:437-443. [PMID: 29444596 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218757950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence of chondrocytes and cartilage degeneration induced by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β is associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The cannabinoid receptor 1 has been involved in the pathological development of various diseases. Here, we evaluated whether activation of cannabinoid receptor 1 using its selective agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide had an influence on cellular senescence induced by interleukin-1βin human chondrocytes. Our findings demonstrate that agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamidedecreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase induced by interleukin-1β. Importantly, our results display interleukin-1βtreatment significantly increased the expressions of senescence genes (caveolin-1, PAI-1 and p21), which were prevented by agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide treatment. However, it was noticed that these functions of agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide were abolished by the cannabinoid receptor 1 selective antagonist AM251, suggesting the involvement of cannabinoid receptor 1. Also, our results indicate that agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide enhanced the expression of sirt1. These findings suggest that activation of cannabinoid receptor 1 by agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide might have a protective effect against pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β-induced chondrocytes senescence in osteoarthritis patients. Impact statement Senescence of chondrocytes and cartilage degeneration induced by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Here we found that: (a) the CB1 agonist ACEA abolished IL-1β-induced senescence and cell arrest in chondrocytes; (b) the CB1 agonist ACEA also abolished IL-1β-induced expression of caveolin-1, PAI-1, and p21;
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Department of orthopedics and traumatology, Jinan Military General Hosipital, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of orthopedics and traumatology, Jinan Military General Hosipital, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Zongyu Li
- Department of orthopedics and traumatology, Jinan Military General Hosipital, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Department of orthopedics and traumatology, Jinan Military General Hosipital, Jinan 250031, China
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12
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Zhou Y, Zimber M, Yuan H, Naughton GK, Fernan R, Li WJ. Effects of Human Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix on Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:560-572. [PMID: 27342267 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell fate is largely determined by the microenvironment called niche. The extracellular matrix (ECM), as a key component in the niche, is responsible for maintaining structural stability and regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and other cellular activities. Each tissue has a unique ECM composition for its needs. Here we investigated the effect of a bioengineered human dermal fibroblast-derived ECM (hECM) on the regulation of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) proliferation and multilineage differentiation. Human MSCs were maintained on hECM for two passages followed by the analysis of mRNA expression levels of potency- and lineage-specific markers to determine the capacity of MSC stemness and differentiation, respectively. Mesenchymal stem cells pre-cultured with or without hECM were then induced and analyzed for osteogenesis, adipogenesis and chondrogenesis. Our results showed that compared to MSCs maintained on control culture plates without hECM coating, cells on hECM-coated plates proliferated more rapidly with a higher percentage of cells in S phase of the cell cycle, resulting in an increase in the CD90+/CD105+/CD73+/CD45- subpopulation. In addition, hECM downregulated osteogenesis and adipogenesis of hMSCs but significantly upregulated chondrogenesis with increased production of collagen type 2. In sum, our findings suggest that hECM may be used to culture hMSCs for the application of cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5051, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Huihua Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5051, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Wan-Ju Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5051, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Ouyang J, Jiang H, Fang H, Cui W, Cai D. Isoimperatorin ameliorates osteoarthritis by downregulating the mammalian target of rapamycin C1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9636-9644. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Szychlinska MA, Stoddart MJ, D'Amora U, Ambrosio L, Alini M, Musumeci G. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Regeneration Approach and Cell Senescence: Can We Manipulate Cell Aging and Function? TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:529-539. [PMID: 28514935 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2017.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor triggering several degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA). Due to its poor self-healing capacity, once injured cartilage needs to be reestablished. This process might be approached through resorting to cell-based therapies and/or tissue engineering. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising approach due to their chondrogenic differentiation potential. Presently, in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs is limited by two main reasons as follows: aging of MSCs, which determines the loss of cell proliferative and differentiation capacity and MSC-derived chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation, which limits the use of these cells in cartilage tissue regeneration approach. The effect of aging on MSCs is fundamental for stem cell-based therapy development, especially in older subjects. In the present review we focus on homeostasis alterations occurring in MSC-derived chondrocytes during in vitro aging. Moreover, we deal with potential cell aging regulation approaches, such as cell stimulation through telomerase activators, mechanical strain, and epigenetic regulation. Future investigations in this field might provide new insights into innovative strategies for cartilage regeneration and potentially inspire novel therapeutic approaches for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Szychlinska
- 1 Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Catania, Italy
| | - Martin J Stoddart
- 2 Musculoskeletal Regeneration, AO Research Institute Davos , Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Ugo D'Amora
- 3 Institute of Polymers , Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- 3 Institute of Polymers , Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy .,4 Department of Chemical Science and Materials Technology, National Research Council of Italy , Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Alini
- 2 Musculoskeletal Regeneration, AO Research Institute Davos , Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- 1 Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Catania, Italy .,5 Department of Health, Institut des Etudes Universitaries , UniPoliSI, Veyras, Switzerland
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15
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Nsir H, Szychlinska MA, Cardile V, Graziano ACE, Avola R, Esafi H, Bendini A, Zarouk M, Loreto C, Rapisarda V, Castrogiovanni P, Musumeci G. RETRACTED: Polar and apolar extra virgin olive oil and leaf extracts as a promising anti-inflammatory natural treatment for osteoarthritis. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:407-416. [PMID: 28461019 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).
This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors. An anonymous reader made the authors aware of potential errors in the presentation and the experimental design for the Western blot data in Figure 3. Upon thorough investigation the authors concluded that in fact, in addition to an honest error (wrong image selected for inclusion into the article), the experimental design was not state-of-the-art in that the loading controls were run on parallel gels rather than on the gels to be probed for iNOS and collagen II. Therefore, in order to avoid any potentially wrong conclusions, the authors decided to retract the article, to confirm the data in a separate series of experiments and to submit the manuscript again after proper confirmation of the results and conclusions. The authors thank the anonymous reader, who spotted this error, and apologize for any inconvenience caused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Nsir
- Biotechnology Laboratory of Olive Tree, Centre of Biotechnology of BorjCedreya, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Hanen Esafi
- Biotechnology Laboratory of Olive Tree, Centre of Biotechnology of BorjCedreya, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Alessandra Bendini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, p.zza Goindanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy.
| | - Mokhtar Zarouk
- Biotechnology Laboratory of Olive Tree, Centre of Biotechnology of BorjCedreya, Tunisia.
| | - Carla Loreto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy; Department of Health, Institut des Etudes Universitaries, UniPoliSI, Veyras, Switzerland.
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The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from unconventional sources: an innovative approach to multiple sclerosis therapy. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 65:363-379. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Functional Anatomy in Knee Osteoarthritis: Patellofemoral Joint vs. Tibiofemoral Joint. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/jfmk2010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Castrogiovanni P, Trovato FM, Loreto C, Nsir H, Szychlinska MA, Musumeci G. Nutraceutical Supplements in the Management and Prevention of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122042. [PMID: 27929434 PMCID: PMC5187842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are dietary compounds which have a role in the balance of anabolic and catabolic signals in joints. Their regulatory function on homeostasis of cartilage metabolism nutraceuticals is increasingly considered for the management and, above all, the prevention of osteoarthritis (OA). OA is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage and synovium inflammation that can cause joint stiffness, swelling, pain, and loss of mobility. It is a multifactorial disease and, due to the great percentage of people suffering from it and the general increase in life expectancy, OA is considered as one of the most significant causes of disability in the world. OA impairs the structural integrity of articular cartilage that greatly depends on a balance between the anabolic and catabolic processes which occur in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of the joints, therefore the integration with nutraceutical compounds in diet increases the treatment options for patients with established OA beyond traditional rehabilitation, medications, and surgical strategies. In our review, with respect to the current literature, we highlight some of many existing nutraceutical compounds that could be used as integrators in a daily diet thanks to their easy availability, such as in olive oil, fish oil, and botanical extracts used as non-pharmacologic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesca Maria Trovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Carla Loreto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Houda Nsir
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Plant Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedreya, University of Carthage, Carthage 2050, Tunisia.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
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19
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The Effects of Exercise and Kinesio Tape on Physical Limitations in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/jfmk1040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Oxidative stress, autophagy, epigenetic changes and regulation by miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in osteoarthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 108:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Co-Expression and Co-Localization of Cartilage Glycoproteins CHI3L1 and Lubricin in Osteoarthritic Cartilage: Morphological, Immunohistochemical and Gene Expression Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:359. [PMID: 26978347 PMCID: PMC4813220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common human arthritis characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. Several studies reported that levels of human cartilage glycoprotein chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) are known as a potential marker for the activation of chondrocytes and the progression of Osteoarthritis (OA), whereas lubricin appears to be chondroprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the co-expression and co-localization of CHI3L1 and lubricin in normal and osteoarthritic rat articular cartilage to correlate their modified expression to a specific grade of OA. Samples of normal and osteoarthritic rat articular cartilage were analyzed by the Kellgren–Lawrence OA severity scores, the Kraus’ modified Mankin score and the Histopathology Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) system for histomorphometric evaluations, and through CHI3L1 and lubricin gene expression, immunohistochemistry and double immuno-staining analysis. The immunoexpression and the mRNA levels of lubricin increased in normal cartilage and decreased in OA cartilage (normal vs. OA, p < 0.01). By contrast, the immunoexpression and the mRNA levels of CHI3L1 increased in OA cartilage and decreased in normal cartilage (normal vs. OA, p < 0.01). Our findings are consistent with reports suggesting that these two glycoproteins are functionally associated with the development of OA and in particular with grade 2/3 of OA, suggesting that in the future they could be helpful to stage the severity and progression of the disease.
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Effects of Synthetic Anti-Inflammatory Sterol in CB3V-Induced Myocarditis: A Morphological Study on Heart Muscle Tissue. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/jfmk1010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
Progeroid mouse models display phenotypes in multiple organ systems that suggest premature aging and resemble features of natural aging of both mice and humans. The prospect of a significant increase in the global elderly population within the next decades has led to the emergence of "geroscience," which aims at elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in aging. Progeroid mouse models are frequently used in geroscience as they provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the highly complex process of natural aging. This review provides an overview of the most commonly reported nonneoplastic macroscopic and microscopic pathologic findings in progeroid mouse models (eg, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease, intervertebral disc degeneration, kyphosis, sarcopenia, cutaneous atrophy, wound healing, hair loss, alopecia, lymphoid atrophy, cataract, corneal endothelial dystrophy, retinal degenerative diseases, and vascular remodeling). Furthermore, several shortcomings in pathologic analysis and descriptions of these models are discussed. Progeroid mouse models are valuable models for aging, but thorough knowledge of both the mouse strain background and the progeria-related phenotype is required to guide interpretation and translation of the pathology data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Harkema
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S A Youssef
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pires C, Martins N, Carvalho AM, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Phytopharmacologic preparations as predictors of plant bioactivity: A particular approach to Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench antioxidant properties. Nutrition 2016; 32:834-9. [PMID: 27036611 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large body of evidence has confirmed a multitude of health benefits of plant products and their derived formulations. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench is a good example, widely used due to its therapeutic properties. In the present study, the chemical composition of the different samples and antioxidant properties of E. purpurea hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts obtained from dry or fresh raw material were evaluated and compared with dietary supplements based on the same plant (tablets and syrup), to determine the most active phytopharmacologic preparation or formulation. METHODS Chemical composition of the different samples was assessed through the determination of free sugars, organic acids and tocopherols. The in vitro antioxidant properties were determined using four assays: 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals scavenging activity, reducing power, inhibition of b-carotene bleaching and inhibition of lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Total phenolics and flavonoids were also determined. RESULTS Overall, the hydroethanolic extract of fresh plant revealed the highest activity, directly related with its higher contents in phenolic (229.22 ± 4.38 mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/mL), flavonoids (124.83 ± 7.47 mg GAE/mL), organic acids (8.89 ± 0.10 g/100 g), and tocopherols (4.55 ± 0.02 mg/100 g). Tablets followed by syrup revealed the worst effect, positively correlated with the lowest abundance in bioactive molecules. The weak in vitro antioxidant potential of commercial phytopharmacologic formulations could be related to their chemical composition, including the addition of excipients. CONCLUSION Further studies are necessary to deepen knowledge on this area, namely focusing on in vivo experiments, to establish upcoming guidelines to improve the quality and bioavailability of phytopharmacologic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Pires
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Natália Martins
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Carvalho
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal.
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Lee M, Won Y, Shin Y, Kim JH, Chun JS. Reciprocal activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α and the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis amplifies catabolic signaling in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:134-45. [PMID: 26241779 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α and the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis in chondrocytes serve as catabolic regulators of osteoarthritic cartilage destruction by regulating the expression of catabolic factor genes. We explored possible crosstalk between these signaling pathways and its biological significance in osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Microarray analysis, various mRNA and protein assays were conducted using primary cultured mouse articular chondrocytes and experimental OA cartilage to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between HIF-2α and the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis. Experimental OA in mice was induced by intra-articular (IA) injection of adenovirus expressing HIF-2α (Ad-Epas1), ZIP8 (Ad-Zip8), or MTF1 (Ad-Mtf1) in wild-type mice or mice with cartilage-specific conditional knockout of HIF-2α (Epas1(fl/fl);Col2a1-Cre), ZIP8 (Zip8(fl/fl);Col2a1-Cre), or MTF1 (Mtf1(fl/fl);Col2a1-Cre). RESULTS HIF-2α activated the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis in chondrocytes by upregulating the Zn(2+) transporter ZIP8, thereby increasing Zn(2+) influx and activating the downstream transcription factor MTF1. The zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis, in turn, acted as a novel transcriptional regulator of HIF-2α. HIF-2α-induced activation of the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis amplified HIF-2α regulation of OA cartilage destruction by synergistically promoting expression of matrix-degrading enzymes. Thus, HIF-2α-induced activation of the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis, together with zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 regulation of HIF-2α, acted collectively to synergistically promote expression of matrix-degrading enzymes and OA cartilage destruction. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a reciprocal activation mechanism involving HIF-2α and the zinc-ZIP8-MTF1 axis during OA pathogenesis that amplifies catabolic signaling and cartilage destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Won
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea.
| | - J-S Chun
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
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Biomarkers of Chondrocyte Apoptosis and Autophagy in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20560-75. [PMID: 26334269 PMCID: PMC4613218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160920560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death with morphological and molecular features of apoptosis has been detected in osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage, which suggests a key role for chondrocyte death/survival in the pathogenesis of OA. Identification of biomarkers of chondrocyte apoptosis may facilitate the development of novel therapies that may eliminate the cause or, at least, slow down the degenerative processes in OA. The aim of this review was to explore the molecular markers and signals that induce chondrocyte apoptosis in OA. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar using the keywords chondrocyte death, apoptosis, osteoarthritis, autophagy and biomarker. Several molecules considered to be markers of chondrocyte apoptosis will be discussed in this brief review. Molecular markers and signalling pathways associated with chondroycte apoptosis may turn out to be therapeutic targets in OA and approaches aimed at neutralizing apoptosis-inducing molecules may at least delay the progression of cartilage degeneration in OA.
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Yang X, Teguh D, Wu JP, He B, Kirk TB, Qin S, Li S, Chen H, Xue W, Ng B, Chim SM, Tickner J, Xu J. Protein kinase C delta null mice exhibit structural alterations in articular surface, intra-articular and subchondral compartments. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:210. [PMID: 26279273 PMCID: PMC4538913 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Structural alterations in intra-articular and subchondral compartments are hallmarks of osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease that causes pain and disability in the aging population. Protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ) plays versatile functions in cell growth and differentiation, but its role in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone is not known. Methods Histological analysis including alcian blue, safranin O staining and fluorochrome labeling were used to reveal structural alterations at the articular cartilage surface and bone–cartilage interface in PKC-δ knockout (KO) mice. The morphology and organization of chondrocytes were studied using confocal microscopy. Glycosaminoglycan content was studied by micromass culture of chondrocytes of PKC-δ KO mice. Results We uncovered atypical structural demarcation between articular cartilage and subchondral bone of PKC-δ KO mice. Histology analyses revealed a thickening of the articular cartilage and calcified bone–cartilage interface, and decreased safranin O staining accompanied by an increase in the number of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the articular cartilage of PKC-δ KO mice. Interestingly, loss of demarcation between articular cartilage and bone was concomitant with irregular chondrocyte morphology and arrangement. Consistently, in vivo calcein labeling assay showed an increased intensity of calcein labeling in the interface of the growth plate and metaphysis in PKC-δ KO mice. Furthermore, in vitro culture of chondrocyte micromass showed a decreased alcian blue staining of chondrocyte micromass in the PKC-δ KO mice, indicative of a reduced level of glycosaminoglycan production. Conclusions Our data imply a role for PKC-δ in the osteochondral plasticity of the interface between articular cartilage and the osteochondral junction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0720-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Dian Teguh
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Jian-Ping Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.
| | - Bo He
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia. .,Present address: Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Thomas Brett Kirk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.
| | - Shengnan Qin
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Siming Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Honghui Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Benjamin Ng
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Shek Man Chim
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Jiake Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China. .,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Potential of pre–gestational intake of Laportea interrupta L. (stinging nettle) leaf decoction as an aid for fetal–maternal health. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(15)30001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Castorina A, Szychlinska MA, Marzagalli R, Musumeci G. Mesenchymal stem cells-based therapy as a potential treatment in neurodegenerative disorders: is the escape from senescence an answer? Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:850-8. [PMID: 26199588 PMCID: PMC4498333 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor contributing to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. In the United States, over 35 million of elderly people suffer from age-related diseases. Aging impairs the self-repair ability of neuronal cells, which undergo progressive deterioration. Once initiated, this process hampers the already limited regenerative power of the central nervous system, making the search for new therapeutic strategies particularly difficult in elderly affected patients. So far, mesenchymal stem cells have proven to be a viable option to ameliorate certain aspects of neurodegeneration, as they possess high proliferative rate and differentiate in vitro into multiple lineages. However, accumulating data have demonstrated that during long-term culture, mesenchymal stem cells undergo spontaneous transformation. Transformed mesenchymal stem cells show typical features of senescence, including the progressive shortening of telomers, which results in cell loss and, as a consequence, hampered regenerative potential. These evidences, in line with those observed in mesenchymal stem cells isolated from old donors, suggest that senescence may represent a limit to mesenchymal stem cells exploitation in therapy, prompting scholars to either find alternative sources of pluripotent cells or to arrest the age-related transformation. In the present review, we summarize findings from recent literature, and critically discuss some of the major hurdles encountered in the search of appropriate sources of mesenchymal stem cells, as well as benefits arising from their use in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we provide some insights that may aid in the development of strategies to arrest or, at least, delay the aging of mesenchymal stem cells to improve their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Castorina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Rubina Marzagalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
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Musumeci G, Castrogiovanni P, Szychlinska MA, Aiello FC, Vecchio GM, Salvatorelli L, Magro G, Imbesi R. Mammary gland: From embryogenesis to adult life. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:379-85. [PMID: 25800977 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to focus on the molecular factors that ensure the optimal development and maintenance of the mammary gland thanks to their integration and coordination. The development of the mammary gland is supported, not only by endocrine signals, but also by regulatory molecules, which are able to integrate signals from the surrounding microenvironment. A major role is certainly played by homeotic genes, but their incorrect expression during the spatiotemporal regulation of proliferative, functional and differentiation cycles of the mammary gland, may result in the onset of neoplastic processes. Attention is directed also to the endocrine aspects and sexual dimorphism of mammary gland development, as well as the role played by ovarian steroids and their receptors in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Flavia Concetta Aiello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giada Maria Vecchio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Salvatorelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Magro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Musumeci G, Castorina S, Castrogiovanni P, Loreto C, Leonardi R, Aiello FC, Magro G, Imbesi R. A journey through the pituitary gland: Development, structure and function, with emphasis on embryo-foetal and later development. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:355-66. [PMID: 25858531 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The pituitary gland and the hypothalamus are morphologically and functionally associated in the endocrine and neuroendocrine control of other endocrine glands. They therefore play a key role in a number of regulatory feedback processes that co-ordinate the whole endocrine system. Here we review the neuroendocrine system, from the discoveries that led to its identification to some recently clarified embryological, functional, and morphological aspects. In particular we review the pituitary gland and the main notions related to its development, organization, cell differentiation, and vascularization. Given the crucial importance of the factors controlling neuroendocrine system development to understand parvocellular neuron function and the aetiology of the congenital disorders related to hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction, we also provide an overview of the molecular and genetic studies that have advanced our knowledge in the field. Through the action of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland is involved in the control of a broad range of key aspects of our lives: the review focuses on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, particularly GnRH, whose abnormal secretion is associated with clinical conditions involving delayed or absent puberty and reproductive dysfunction.
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Musumeci G, Castrogiovanni P, Coleman R, Szychlinska MA, Salvatorelli L, Parenti R, Magro G, Imbesi R. Somitogenesis: From somite to skeletal muscle. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:313-28. [PMID: 25850375 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myogenesis is controlled by an elaborate system of extrinsic and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms in all development stages. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the different stages of myogenesis and muscle differentiation in mammals, starting from somitogenesis and analysis of the different portions that constitute the mature somite. Particular attention was paid to regulatory genes, in addition to mesodermal stem cells, which represent the earliest elements of myogenesis. Finally, the crucial role of growth factors, molecules of vital importance in contractile regulation, hormones and their function in skeletal muscle differentiation, growth and metabolism, and the role played by central nervous system, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Raymond Coleman
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Salvatorelli
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Magro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Musumeci G, Aiello FC, Szychlinska MA, Di Rosa M, Castrogiovanni P, Mobasheri A. Osteoarthritis in the XXIst century: risk factors and behaviours that influence disease onset and progression. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:6093-112. [PMID: 25785564 PMCID: PMC4394521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16036093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a growing public health problem across the globe, affecting more than half of the over 65 population. In the past, OA was considered a wear and tear disease, leading to the loss of articular cartilage and joint disability. Nowadays, thanks to advancements in molecular biology, OA is believed to be a very complex multifactorial disease. OA is a degenerative disease characterized by “low-grade inflammation” in cartilage and synovium, resulting in the loss of joint structure and progressive deterioration of cartilage. Although the disease can be dependent on genetic and epigenetic factors, sex, ethnicity, and age (cellular senescence, apoptosis and lubricin), it is also associated with obesity and overweight, dietary factors, sedentary lifestyle and sport injuries. The aim of this review is to highlight how certain behaviors, habits and lifestyles may be involved in the onset and progression of OA and to summarize the principal risk factors involved in the development of this complicated joint disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Flavia Concetta Aiello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Giunta S, Castorina A, Marzagalli R, Szychlinska MA, Pichler K, Mobasheri A, Musumeci G. Ameliorative effects of PACAP against cartilage degeneration. Morphological, immunohistochemical and biochemical evidence from in vivo and in vitro models of rat osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5922-44. [PMID: 25782157 PMCID: PMC4394513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA); the most common form of degenerative joint disease, is associated with variations in pro-inflammatory growth factor levels, inflammation and hypocellularity resulting from chondrocyte apoptosis. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide endowed with a range of trophic effects in several cell types; including chondrocytes. However; its role in OA has not been studied. To address this issue, we investigated whether PACAP expression is affected in OA cartilage obtained from experimentally-induced OA rat models, and then studied the effects of PACAP in isolated chondrocytes exposed to IL-1β in vitro to mimic the inflammatory milieu of OA cartilage. OA induction was established by histomorphometric and histochemical analyses. Changes in PACAP distribution in cartilage, or its concentration in synovial fluid (SF), were assessed by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results showed that PACAP abundance in cartilage tissue and SF was high in healthy controls. OA induction decreased PACAP levels both in affected cartilage and SF. Invitro, PACAP prevented IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, as determined by MTT assay; Hoechst staining and western blots of apoptotic-related proteins. These changes were also accompanied by decreased i-NOS and COX-2 levels, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect. Altogether, these findings support a potential role for PACAP as a chondroprotective agent for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Giunta
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rubina Marzagalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Karin Pichler
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinic for Pediatrics I Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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Musumeci G, Imbesi R, Szychlinska MA, Castrogiovanni P. Apoptosis and Skeletal Muscle in Aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ojapo.2015.42004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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