1
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Holland SM, Gallo G. Actin(g) toward a revised understanding of the role of cytoskeletal dynamics in neuronal bioenergetics. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2109-2110. [PMID: 38488542 PMCID: PMC11034601 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina M. Holland
- Department of Neural Sciences, Shriners Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Department of Neural Sciences, Shriners Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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2
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Tetterton-Kellner J, Jensen BC, Nguyen J. Navigating cancer therapy induced cardiotoxicity: From pathophysiology to treatment innovations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024:115361. [PMID: 38901637 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Every year, more than a million people in the United States undergo chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer, as estimated by the CDC. While chemotherapy has been an instrumental tool for treating cancer, it also causes severe adverse effects. The more commonly acknowledged adverse effects include hair loss, fatigue, and nausea, but a more severe and longer lasting side effect is cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity, or heart damage, is a common complication of cancer treatments. It can range from mild to severe, and it can affect some patients temporarily or others permanently, even after they are cured of cancer. Dexrazoxane is the only FDA-approved drug for treating anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity, but it also has drawbacks and adverse effects. There is no other type of chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity that has an approved treatment option. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of chemotherapeutic-induced cardiotoxicity, methods and guidelines of diagnosis, methods of treatment and mitigation, and current drug delivery approaches in therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tetterton-Kellner
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian C Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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3
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Yang RZ, Wang DD, Li SM, Liu PP, Kang JS. Development and Application of a Mitochondrial Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicator in Narcosis. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01235-w. [PMID: 38829505 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) plays a crucial role in the function of cells and organelles, involving various cellular physiological processes, including energy production, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), unfolded protein stress, and cell survival. Currently, there is a lack of genetically encoded fluorescence indicators (GEVIs) for MMP. In our screening of various GEVIs for their potential monitoring MMP, the Accelerated Sensor of Action Potentials (ASAP) demonstrated optimal performance in targeting mitochondria and sensitivity to depolarization in multiple cell types. However, mitochondrial ASAPs also displayed sensitivity to ROS in cardiomyocytes. Therefore, two ASAP mutants resistant to ROS were generated. A double mutant ASAP3-ST exhibited the highest voltage sensitivity but weaker fluorescence. Overall, four GEVIs capable of targeting mitochondria were obtained and named mitochondrial potential indicators 1-4 (MPI-1-4). In vivo, fiber photometry experiments utilizing MPI-2 revealed a mitochondrial depolarization during isoflurane-induced narcosis in the M2 cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Zhou Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Dian-Dian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Sen-Miao Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Pei-Pei Liu
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Kang
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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4
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Xu Y, Song X, Wang Z, Bai Y, Ren C, Hou C, Li X, Zhang D. Effects of Different Na + Concentrations on cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Activity in Postmortem Meat. Foods 2024; 13:1647. [PMID: 38890876 PMCID: PMC11171583 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activity regulates protein phosphorylation, with Na+ playing a crucial role in PKA activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different Na+ concentrations on PKA activity and protein phosphorylation level in postmortem muscle. The study consisted of two experiments: (1) NaCl of 0, 20, 100, 200 and 400 mM was added to a muscle homogenate incubation model to analyze the effect of Na+ concentration on PKA activity, and (2) the same concentrations were added to pure PKA in vitro incubation models at 4 °C to verify the effect of Na+ on PKA activity. The PKA activity of the muscle homogenate model increased with storage time in groups with different Na+ concentrations. High concentrations of Na+ inhibited sarcoplasmic protein phosphorylation. The PKA activity at 24 h of storage and the sarcoplasmic protein phosphorylation level at 12 h of storage in the group with 200 mM Na+ was lower than that of the other groups. After 1 h incubation, the PKA activity of samples in the 200 mM Na+ group was inhibited and lower than that in the other Na+ groups in the in vitro incubation model. These results suggest that the Na+ concentration at 200 mM could better inhibit PKA activity. This study provided valuable insights for enhancing curing efficiency and improving meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality & Safety in Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.X.); (X.S.); (Z.W.); (Y.B.); (C.R.); (C.H.); (D.Z.)
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5
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Lv Y, Yu Z, Zhang P, Zhang X, Li H, Liang T, Guo Y, Cheng L, Peng F. The structure and function of FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 and its contribution to cardioprotection by mediating mitophagy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1389953. [PMID: 38828457 PMCID: PMC11140143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1389953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious public health risk, and prevention and treatment efforts are urgently needed. Effective preventive and therapeutic programs for cardiovascular disease are still lacking, as the causes of CVD are varied and may be the result of a multifactorial combination. Mitophagy is a form of cell-selective autophagy, and there is increasing evidence that mitophagy is involved in cardioprotective processes. Recently, many studies have shown that FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) levels and phosphorylation status are highly associated with many diseases, including heart disease. Here, we review the structure and functions of FUNDC1 and the path-ways of its mediated mitophagy, and show that mitophagy can be effectively activated by dephosphorylation of Ser13 and Tyr18 sites, phosphorylation of Ser17 site and ubiquitination of Lys119 site in FUNDC1. By effectively activating or inhibiting excessive mitophagy, the quality of mitochondria can be effectively controlled. The main reason is that, on the one hand, improper clearance of mitochondria and accumulation of damaged mitochondria are avoided, and on the other hand, excessive mitophagy causing apoptosis is avoided, both serving to protect the heart. In addition, we explore the possible mechanisms by which FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy is involved in exercise preconditioning (EP) for cardioprotection. Finally, we also point out unresolved issues in FUNDC1 and its mediated mitophagy and give directions where further research may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhu Lv
- College of Physical Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Adolescent Sports and Health Promotion of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengze Yu
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- College of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Xi an FanYi University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- College of Physical Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Adolescent Sports and Health Promotion of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huarui Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Ting Liang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yanju Guo
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Fenglin Peng
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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6
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Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Hexokinase-linked glycolytic overload and unscheduled glycolysis in hyperglycemia-induced pathogenesis of insulin resistance, beta-cell glucotoxicity, and diabetic vascular complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1268308. [PMID: 38292764 PMCID: PMC10824962 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1268308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance, beta-cell glucotoxicity, and vascular complications of diabetes. We propose the hypothesis, hexokinase-linked glycolytic overload and unscheduled glycolysis, in explanation. Hexokinases (HKs) catalyze the first step of glucose metabolism. Increased flux of glucose metabolism through glycolysis gated by HKs, when occurring without concomitant increased activity of glycolytic enzymes-unscheduled glycolysis-produces increased levels of glycolytic intermediates with overspill into effector pathways of cell dysfunction and pathogenesis. HK1 is saturated with glucose in euglycemia and, where it is the major HK, provides for basal glycolytic flux without glycolytic overload. HK2 has similar saturation characteristics, except that, in persistent hyperglycemia, it is stabilized to proteolysis by high intracellular glucose concentration, increasing HK activity and initiating glycolytic overload and unscheduled glycolysis. This drives the development of vascular complications of diabetes. Similar HK2-linked unscheduled glycolysis in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in impaired fasting glucose drives the development of peripheral insulin resistance. Glucokinase (GCK or HK4)-linked glycolytic overload and unscheduled glycolysis occurs in persistent hyperglycemia in hepatocytes and beta-cells, contributing to hepatic insulin resistance and beta-cell glucotoxicity, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes. Downstream effector pathways of HK-linked unscheduled glycolysis are mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation; activation of hexosamine, protein kinase c, and dicarbonyl stress pathways; and increased Mlx/Mondo A signaling. Mitochondrial dysfunction and increased ROS was proposed as the initiator of metabolic dysfunction in hyperglycemia, but it is rather one of the multiple downstream effector pathways. Correction of HK2 dysregulation is proposed as a novel therapeutic target. Pharmacotherapy addressing it corrected insulin resistance in overweight and obese subjects in clinical trial. Overall, the damaging effects of hyperglycemia are a consequence of HK-gated increased flux of glucose metabolism without increased glycolytic enzyme activities to accommodate it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J. Thornalley
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Araj-Khodaei M, Ayati MH, Azizi Zeinalhajlou A, Novinbahador T, Yousefi M, Shiri M, Mahmoodpoor A, Shamekh A, Namazi N, Sanaie S. Berberine-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 and its mechanism for controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive pathway review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37921026 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2258559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: A growing number of studies have thus far showed the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the intestinal microbiome homoeostasis. As reported, the gut microflora can be significantly different in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) compared to those in healthy individuals.Methods: The authors collected the relevant articles published until 2022 and these are carefully selected from three scientific databases based on keywords.Discussion: This review highlights research on the anti-diabetic properties of berberine (BBR)-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), as a glucose-lowering factor and a balance regulator in the microbial flora of the intestines, which plays an important role in adjusting the signalling pathways affecting insulin secretion.Results: Considering the anti-diabetic characteristics of the BBR-induced GLP-1, BBR makes a promising complementary treatment for reducing the clinical symptoms of DM by reducing the hyperglycaemia. Berberin might be a safe and effective drug for T2DM with little or no adverse effects.HighlightsBerberine induces GLP-1 insulin secretion by PLC2 pathway in the intestinalBerberine-induced GLP-1 decreases mitochondrial stress and relocates cytochrome c out of the mitochondria.Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion in the intestine by altering the bacterial profile, thus could possibly lighten diabetes symptomsBerberine-induced SCFA production, SCFA causes GLP-1 secretion from the intestinal L-Cell.Preventing mitochondrial damage, reducing adipose tissue fat, and reducing oxidative stress are thus among the results of BBR-induced GLP-1.The lower costs of BBR, and its limited side effects and higher availability, make it a promising supplementary medicine for DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ayati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Azizi Zeinalhajlou
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tannaz Novinbahador
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shiri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Shamekh
- Student Research Committee, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Holland SM, Gallo G. Actin cytoskeletal dynamics do not impose an energy drain on growth cone bioenergetics. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261356. [PMID: 37534394 PMCID: PMC10445737 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of the intracellular level of ATP is a fundamental aspect of bioenergetics. Actin cytoskeletal dynamics have been reported to be an energetic drain in developing neurons and platelets. We addressed the role of actin dynamics in primary embryonic chicken neurons using luciferase assays, and by measurement of the ATP/ADP ratio using the ratiometric reporter PercevalHR and the ATP level using the ratiometric reporter mRuby-iATPSnFR. None of the methods revealed an effect of suppressing actin dynamics on the decline in the neuronal ATP level or the ATP/ADP ratio following shutdown of ATP production. Similarly, we find that treatments that elevate or suppress actin dynamics do not alter the ATP/ADP ratio in growth cones, the subcellular domain with the highest actin dynamics in developing neurons. Collectively, the data indicate that actin cytoskeletal dynamics are not a significant energy drain in developing neurons and that the ATP/ADP ratio is maintained when energy utilization varies. Discrepancies between prior work and the current data are discussed with emphasis on methodology and interpretation of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina M. Holland
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Neural Sciences, Shriners Pediatric Research Center, 3500 North Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Neural Sciences, Shriners Pediatric Research Center, 3500 North Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Gowda GAN, Abell L, Tian R, Raftery D. Whole Body Distribution of Labile Coenzymes and Antioxidants in a Mouse Model as Visualized Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6029-6037. [PMID: 36988554 PMCID: PMC10089975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme A, acetyl coenzyme A, coenzymes of cellular energy, coenzymes of redox reactions, and antioxidants mediate biochemical reactions fundamental to the functioning of all living cells. There is an immense interest in measuring them routinely in biological specimens to gain insights into their roles in cellular functions and to help characterize the biological status. However, it is challenging to measure them ex vivo as they are sensitive to specimen harvesting, extraction, and measurement conditions. This challenge is largely underappreciated and carries the risk of grossly inaccurate measurements that lead to incorrect inferences. To date, several efforts have been focused on alleviating this challenge using NMR spectroscopy. However, a comprehensive solution for the measurement of the compounds in a wide variety of biological specimens is still lacking. As a part of addressing this challenge, we demonstrate here that the total pool of each group of unstable metabolites offers a starting place for the representation of labile metabolites in biological specimens. Based on this approach, in this proof-of-concept study, we determine the distribution of the labile compounds in different organs including heart, kidney, liver, brain, and skeletal muscle of a mouse model. The results were independently validated using different specimens and a different metabolite extraction protocol. Further, we show that both stable and unstable metabolites were distributed differentially in different organs, which signifies their differential functional roles, the knowledge of which is currently lacking for many metabolites. Intriguingly, the concentration of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid, in skeletal muscle is >30 mM, which is the highest for any metabolite in a mammalian tissue known to date. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to profile the whole body distribution of the labile and other high-concentration metabolites using NMR spectroscopy. The results may pave ways for gaining new insights into cellular functions in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. A. Nagana Gowda
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Lauren Abell
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
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Chakrabarti M, Raut GK, Jain N, Bhadra MP. Prohibitin1 maintains mitochondrial quality in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9C2 cells. Biol Cell 2023; 115:e2200094. [PMID: 36453777 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Various types of stress initially induce a state of cardiac hypertrophy (CH) in the heart. But, persistent escalation of cardiac stress leads to progression from an adaptive physiological to a maladaptive pathological state. So, elucidating molecular mechanisms that can attenuate CH is imperative in developing cardiac therapies. Previously, we showed that Prohibitin1 (PHB1) has a protective role in CH-induced oxidative stress. Nevertheless, it is unclear how PHB1, a mitochondrial protein, has a protective role in CH. Therefore, we hypothesized that PHB1 maintains mitochondrial quality in CH. To test this hypothesis, we used Isoproterenol (ISO) to induce CH in H9C2 cells overexpressing PHB1 and elucidated mitochondrial quality control pathways. RESULTS We found that overexpressing PHB1 attenuates ISO-induced CH and restores mitochondrial morphology in H9C2 cells. In addition, PHB1 blocks the pro-hypertrophic IGF1R/AKT pathway and restores the mitochondrial membrane polarization in ISO-treated cells. We observed that overexpressing PHB1 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, improves mitochondrial respiratory capacity, and triggers mitophagy. CONCLUSION We conclude that PHB1 maintains mitochondrial quality in ISO-induced CH in H9C2 cells. SIGNIFICANCE Based on our results, we suggest that small molecules that induce PHB1 in cardiac cells may prove beneficial in developing cardiac therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Chakrabarti
- Applied Biology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Raut
- Applied Biology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Nishant Jain
- Applied Biology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Manika Pal Bhadra
- Applied Biology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhao S. A cell model for evaluating mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Various cellular models were used for assessment of mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocyte, but most of them are based on silent cells without contractility. The mitochondria in cells at working should be more sensitive to toxic or reperfusion damage due to their high level mitochondrial respiration. Therefore, contracting cells can represent inotropic agent-mediated high-energy demand states.
Objective
To establish a cellular model to detect mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes at contraction.
Method
Freshly isolated Sprague–Dawley rat cardiomyocytes were incubated with or without bupivacaine, in the presence or absence of isoprenaline, and electrically stimulated to induce rhythmic contractions.
Results
Contraction under electrical field stimulation did not induce mitochondrial swelling or ROS production in DMEM; the silent cells in the presence of bupivacaine showed mild mitochondrial swelling, but contracting cells exhibited significantly higher mitochondrial swelling and increased ROS production (P < 0.05, vs. silent cells). Isoprenaline induced a further enhancement in mitochondrial swelling and ROS production in contracting cells.
Conclusions
Contracting cells are more sensitive to bupivacaine toxicity and could be more accurately represent mitochondrial damage in vivo condition.
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Li Y, Ma Y, Dang QY, Fan XR, Han CT, Xu SZ, Li PY. Assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction and implications in cardiovascular disorders. Life Sci 2022; 306:120834. [PMID: 35902031 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular function, not only acting as the powerhouse of the cell, but also regulating ATP synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, intracellular Ca2+ cycling, and apoptosis. During the past decade, extensive progress has been made in the technology to assess mitochondrial functions and accumulating evidences have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathophysiological mechanism for many diseases including cardiovascular disorders, such as ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and hemorrhagic shock. The advances in methodology have been accelerating our understanding of mitochondrial molecular structure and function, biogenesis and ROS and energy production, which facilitates new drug target identification and therapeutic strategy development for mitochondrial dysfunction-related disorders. This review will focus on the assessment of methodologies currently used for mitochondrial research and discuss their advantages, limitations and the implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qing-Ya Dang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xin-Rong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chu-Ting Han
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shang-Zhong Xu
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
| | - Peng-Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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Wang C, Matarneh SK, Gerrard D, Tan J. Contributions of energy pathways to ATP production and pH variations in postmortem muscles. Meat Sci 2022; 189:108828. [PMID: 35461106 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The roles of energy pathways in postmortem muscles are still debated. In this study, the contributions of different pathways to ATP production and pH variations were analyzed by using a kinetic model based on data from beef longissimus lumborum. Phosphocreatine represents over 92% of the initial ATP production but, after 24 h, glycolysis, phosphocreatine, myokinase reaction, and aerobic respiration contribute, respectively, 89.44%, 5.26%, 4.44%, and 0.86% of the cumulative amount of ATP produced. ATP hydrolysis and glycolysis result in 0.52 and 0.6 units of pH decline, respectively, at 24 h with ATP hydrolysis accounting for most of the early decline. Phosphocreatine, myokinase reaction, and aerobic respiration lead to, respectively, 0.08, 0.07, and 0.004 units of pH increase after 24 h though phosphocreatine is depleted within the first 30 min. Furthermore, electrical stimulation affects pH primarily through ATP hydrolysis and glycolysis. The initial muscle oxygen saturation level and phosphocreatine content affect pH but the influences are small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Sulaiman K Matarneh
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States of America
| | - David Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Jinglu Tan
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
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14
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Zhao G, Yang L, Zhong W, Hu Y, Tan Y, Ren Z, Ban Q, Yang CS, Wang Y, Wang Z. Polydatin, A Glycoside of Resveratrol, Is Better Than Resveratrol in Alleviating Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Fed a High-Fructose Diet. Front Nutr 2022; 9:857879. [PMID: 35651514 PMCID: PMC9149290 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.857879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is considered to be an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with many reported health benefits. Polydatin (POD) is a natural precursor and glycosylated form of RES. The glycoside structure of POD alters the bioactivity. Overnutrition-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote the AMPK suppression and metabolic dysregulation. The present work compared the effects of POD and RES in ameliorating energy homeostasis imbalance in mice fed a high-fructose diet and elucidated the underlying mechanisms of action. Our results showed that POD elevated the fecal levels of valeric acid and caproic acid via modification of gut microbiota, while RES did not significantly influence the levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Both POD and RES markedly decreased the oxidative stress and activated the AMPK signaling pathways in the liver. POD and RES exerted a similar effect in alleviating glucose dysmetabolism, but POD was more effective in ameliorating lipid dysmetabolism than RES. Furthermore, valeric acid and caproic acid alone can activate the AMPK and ameliorate hypercholesterolemia, and enhance the effects of POD on improving lipid metabolism in mice. Overall, for the first time, we demonstrated that POD administration elevated the fecal levels of valeric acid and caproic acid by modifying gut microbiota, thus promoting AMPK activation may be the underlying mechanism that POD is superior to RES in alleviating the lipid dysmetabolism. Our results suggest that POD may be an alternative for RES as an AMPK activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenshen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuze Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Ban
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Comparison of Microglial Morphology and Function in Primary Cerebellar Cell Cultures on Collagen and Collagen-Mimetic Hydrogels. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051023. [PMID: 35625762 PMCID: PMC9139096 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal-glial cell cultures are usually grown attached to or encapsulated in an adhesive environment as evenly distributed networks lacking tissue-like cell density, organization and morphology. In such cultures, microglia have activated amoeboid morphology and do not display extended and intensively branched processes characteristic of the ramified tissue microglia. We have recently described self-assembling functional cerebellar organoids promoted by hydrogels containing collagen-like peptides (CLPs) conjugated to a polyethylene glycol (PEG) core. Spontaneous neuronal activity was accompanied by changes in the microglial morphology and behavior, suggesting the cells might play an essential role in forming the functional neuronal networks in response to the peptide signalling. The present study examines microglial cell morphology and function in cerebellar cell organoid cultures on CLP-PEG hydrogels and compares them to the cultures on crosslinked collagen hydrogels of similar elastomechanical properties. Material characterization suggested more expressed fibril orientation and denser packaging in crosslinked collagen than CLP-PEG. However, CLP-PEG promoted a significantly higher microglial motility (determined by time-lapse imaging) accompanied by highly diverse morphology including the ramified (brightfield and confocal microscopy), more active Ca2+ signalling (intracellular Ca2+ fluorescence recordings), and moderate inflammatory cytokine level (ELISA). On the contrary, on the collagen hydrogels, microglial cells were significantly less active and mostly round-shaped. In addition, the latter hydrogels did not support the neuron synaptic activity. Our findings indicate that the synthetic CLP-PEG hydrogels ensure more tissue-like microglial morphology, motility, and function than the crosslinked collagen substrates.
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16
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TRPM3-mediated dynamic mitochondrial activity in NGF-induced latent sensitization of chronic low back pain. Pain 2022; 163:e1115-e1128. [PMID: 35384915 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The transient receptor potential ion channel TRPM3 is highly prevalent on nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, but its functions in neuronal plasticity of chronic pain remain obscure. In an animal model of nonspecific low back pain (LBP), latent spinal sensitization known as nociceptive priming is induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) injection. Here we address the TRPM3-associated molecular basis of NGF-induced latent spinal sensitization at presynaptic level by studying TRPM3-mediated calcium transients in DRG neurons. By investigating TRPM3-expressing HEK cells, we further show the dynamic mitochondrial activity downstream of TRPM3 activation. NGF enhances TRPM3 function, attenuates TRPM3 tachyphylaxis, and slows intracellular calcium clearance; TRPM3 activation triggers more mitochondrial calcium loading than depolarization does, causing a steady-state mitochondrial calcium elevation and a delayed recovery of cytosolic calcium; mitochondrial calcium buffering accounts for approximately 40% of calcium influx subsequent to TRPM3 activation. TRPM3 activation provokes an outbreak of pulsatile superoxide production (mitoflash) that comes in the form of a surge in frequency being tunable. We suggest that mitoflash pulsations downstream of TRPM3 activation might be an early signaling event initiating pain sensitization. Tuning of mitoflash activity would be a novel bottom-up therapeutic strategy for chronic pain conditions such as LBP and beyond.
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17
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San Martín A, Arce-Molina R, Aburto C, Baeza-Lehnert F, Barros LF, Contreras-Baeza Y, Pinilla A, Ruminot I, Rauseo D, Sandoval PY. Visualizing physiological parameters in cells and tissues using genetically encoded indicators for metabolites. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:34-58. [PMID: 35183660 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of metabolism is undergoing a renaissance. Since the year 2002, over 50 genetically-encoded fluorescent indicators (GEFIs) have been introduced, capable of monitoring metabolites with high spatial/temporal resolution using fluorescence microscopy. Indicators are fusion proteins that change their fluorescence upon binding a specific metabolite. There are indicators for sugars, monocarboxylates, Krebs cycle intermediates, amino acids, cofactors, and energy nucleotides. They permit monitoring relative levels, concentrations, and fluxes in living systems. At a minimum they report relative levels and, in some cases, absolute concentrations may be obtained by performing ad hoc calibration protocols. Proper data collection, processing, and interpretation are critical to take full advantage of these new tools. This review offers a survey of the metabolic indicators that have been validated in mammalian systems. Minimally invasive, these indicators have been instrumental for the purposes of confirmation, rebuttal and discovery. We envision that this powerful technology will foster metabolic physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A San Martín
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile.
| | - R Arce-Molina
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile
| | - C Aburto
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile; Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - L F Barros
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Y Contreras-Baeza
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile; Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - A Pinilla
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile; Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - I Ruminot
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile
| | - D Rauseo
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile; Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - P Y Sandoval
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile
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18
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Liu K, Jin X, Zhang X, Lian H, Ye J. The mechanisms of nucleotide actions in insulin resistance. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:299-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Zhang X, Gao F. Exercise improves vascular health: Role of mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:347-359. [PMID: 34748911 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vascular mitochondria constantly integrate signals from environment and respond accordingly to match vascular function to metabolic requirements of the organ tissues, while mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to vascular aging and pathologies such as atherosclerosis, stenosis, and hypertension. As an effective lifestyle intervention, exercise induces extensive mitochondrial adaptations through vascular mechanical stress and the increased production and release of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide that activate multiple intracellular signaling pathways, among which peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) plays a critical role. PGC-1α coordinates mitochondrial quality control mechanisms to maintain a healthy mitochondrial pool and promote endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in vasculature. The mitochondrial adaptations to exercise improve bioenergetics, balance redox status, protect endothelial cells against detrimental insults, increase vascular plasticity, and ameliorate aging-related vascular dysfunction, thus benefiting vascular health. This review highlights recent findings of mitochondria as a central hub integrating exercise-afforded vascular benefits and its underlying mechanisms. A better understanding of the mitochondrial adaptations to exercise will not only shed light on the mechanisms of exercise-induced cardiovascular protection, but may also provide new clues to mitochondria-oriented precise exercise prescriptions for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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20
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Zhang W. The mitophagy receptor FUN14 domain-containing 1 (FUNDC1): A promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target of human diseases. Genes Dis 2021; 8:640-654. [PMID: 34291135 PMCID: PMC8278526 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) is the selective clearance of damaged or incomplete mitochondria by autophagy, which is critical for the functional integrity of the entire mitochondrial network and cell survival. Because dysfunction of mitophagy is closely related to many diseases, it is important to study the specific molecular mechanism and pathophysiological significance of mitophagy. FUN14 domain-containing 1 (FUNDC1) is a newly identified mitochondrial outer membrane protein that induces receptor-mediated mitophagy by its interaction with LC3 during hypoxia. The expression, phosphorylation, regulation and significance of FUNDC1 are reviewed in the context of a large number of pathophysiological conditions. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that levels and phosphorylation states of FUNDC1 are closely related to occurrence, progression and prognosis of various diseases including heart diseases and cancers, indicating that FUNDC1 may serve as a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, PR China
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21
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Wu D, Qi W, Nie W, Lu Z, Ye Y, Li J, Sun T, Zhu Y, Cheng H, Wang X. BacFlash signals acid-resistance gene expression in bacteria. Cell Res 2021; 31:703-712. [PMID: 33159153 PMCID: PMC8169942 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-00431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis is crucial for cellular functions and signal transduction across all kingdoms of life. In particular, bacterial pHi homeostasis is important for physiology, ecology, and pathogenesis. Here we report an exquisite bacterial acid-resistance (AR) mechanism in which proton leak elicits a pre-emptive AR response. A single bacterial cell undergoes quantal electrochemical excitation, termed "BacFlash", which consists of membrane depolarization, transient pHi rise, and bursting production of reactive oxygen species. BacFlash ignition is dictated by acid stress in the form of proton leak across the plasma membrane and the rate of BacFlash occurrence is reversely correlated with the pHi buffering capacity. Through genome-wide screening, we further identify the ATP synthase Fo complex subunit a as the putative proton sensor for BacFlash biogenesis. Importantly, persistent BacFlash hyperactivity activates transcription of a panel of key AR genes and predisposes the cells to survive imminent extreme acid stress. These findings demonstrate a prototypical coupling between electrochemical excitation and nucleoid gene expression in prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenfeng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wei Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jinghang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yufei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Feng Y, Xu H, Liu J, Xie N, Gao L, He Y, Yao Y, Lv F, Zhang Y, Lu J, Zhang W, Li CY, Hu X, Yang Z, Xiao RP. Functional and Adaptive Significance of Promoter Mutations That Affect Divergent Myocardial Expressions of TRIM72 in Primates. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:2930-2945. [PMID: 33744959 PMCID: PMC8233513 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cis-regulatory elements play important roles in tissue-specific gene expression and in the evolution of various phenotypes, and mutations in promoters and enhancers may be responsible for adaptations of species to environments. TRIM72 is a highly conserved protein that is involved in energy metabolism. Its expression in the heart varies considerably in primates, with high levels of expression in Old World monkeys and near absence in hominids. Here, we combine phylogenetic hypothesis testing and experimentation to demonstrate that mutations in promoter are responsible for the differences among primate species in the heart-specific expression of TRIM72. Maximum likelihood estimates of lineage-specific substitution rates under local-clock models show that relative to the evolutionary rate of introns, the rate of promoter was accelerated by 78% in the common ancestor of Old World monkeys, suggesting a role for positive selection in the evolution of the TRIM72 promoter, possibly driven by selective pressure due to changes in cardiac physiology after species divergence. We demonstrate that mutations in the TRIM72 promoter account for the differential myocardial TRIM72 expression of the human and the rhesus macaque. Furthermore, changes in TRIM72 expression alter the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, which in turn affects mitochondrial respiration and cardiac energy capacity. On a broader timescale, phylogenetic regression analyses of data from 29 mammalian species show that mammals with high cardiac expression of TRIM72 have high heart rate, suggesting that the expression changes of TRIM72 may be related to differences in the heart physiology of those species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Feng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhan Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghao Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xie
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxiang Lv
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-Yun Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziheng Yang
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rui-Ping Xiao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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23
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Tan Y, Li M, Wu G, Lou J, Feng M, Xu J, Zhou J, Zhang P, Yang H, Dong L, Li J, Zhang X, Gao F. Short-term but not long-term high fat diet feeding protects against pressure overload-induced heart failure through activation of mitophagy. Life Sci 2021; 272:119242. [PMID: 33607155 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Recent studies have shown that enhancement of fatty acid utilization through feeding animals a high fat diet (HFD) attenuated cardiac dysfunction in heart failure (HF). Here, we aimed to examine the temporal effects of HFD feeding on cardiac function in mice with heart failure and its underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS Pressure overload-induced HF was established via transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. After surgery, the mice were fed on either normal diet or HFD for 8 or 16 weeks. KEY FINDINGS HFD feeding exerted opposite effects on cardiac function at different time points post-surgery. Short-term HFD feeding (8 wk) protected the heart against pressure overload, inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy and improving cardiac function, while long-term HFD feeding (16 wk) aggravated cardiac dysfunction in TAC mice. Short-term HFD feeding elevated cardiac fatty acid utilization, while long-term HFD feeding showed no significant effects on cardiac fatty acid utilization in TAC mice. Specifically, an increase in cardiac fatty acid utilization was accompanied with activated mitophagy and improved mitochondrial function. Palmitic acid treatment (400 μM, 2 h) stimulated fatty acid oxidation and mitophagy in neonatal myocytes. Mechanistically, fatty acid utilization stimulated mitophagy through upregulation of Parkin. Cardiac-specific knockdown of Parkin abolished the protective effects of short-term HFD feeding on cardiac function in TAC mice. SIGNIFICANCES These results suggested that short-term but not long-term HFD feeding protects against pressure overload-induced heart failure through activation of mitophagy, and dietary fat intake should be used with caution in treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Tan
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guiling Wu
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Lou
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Mengya Feng
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, 986(th) Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhou
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hongyan Yang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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24
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Jiang P, Ren L, Zhi L, Yu Z, Lv F, Xu F, Peng W, Bai X, Cheng K, Quan L, Zhang X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yang D, Hu X, Xiao RP. Negative regulation of AMPK signaling by high glucose via E3 ubiquitin ligase MG53. Mol Cell 2021; 81:629-637.e5. [PMID: 33400924 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a master regulator of metabolism, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated upon energy and glucose shortage but suppressed upon overnutrition. Exaggerated negative regulation of AMPK signaling by nutrient overload plays a crucial role in metabolic diseases. However, the mechanism underlying the negative regulation is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that high glucose represses AMPK signaling via MG53 (also called TRIM72) E3-ubiquitin-ligase-mediated AMPKα degradation and deactivation. Specifically, high-glucose-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals AKT to phosphorylate AMPKα at S485/491, which facilitates the recruitment of MG53 and the subsequent ubiquitination and degradation of AMPKα. In addition, high glucose deactivates AMPK by ROS-dependent suppression of phosphorylation of AMPKα at T172. These findings not only delineate the mechanism underlying the impairment of AMPK signaling in overnutrition-related diseases but also highlight the significance of keeping the yin-yang balance of AMPK signaling in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lejiao Ren
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Zhi
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fengxiang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fengli Xu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kunlun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Rui-Ping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Beijing City Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing 211800, China.
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25
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Qi Y, Li JJ, Di XH, Zhang Y, Chen JL, Wu ZX, Man ZY, Bai RY, Lu F, Tong J, Liu XL, Deng XL, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Xie W. Excess sarcoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria calcium transport induced by Sphingosine-1-phosphate contributes to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118970. [PMID: 33529640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to possess pro-hypertrophic properties in the heart, but the detailed molecular mechanism that underlies the pathological process is rarely explored. In the present study, we aim to explore the role of S1P-mediated intracellular Ca2+ signaling, with a focus on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-mitochondria communication, in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) displayed significantly hypertrophic growth after treatment with 1 μmol/L S1P for 48 h, as indicated by the cell surface area or mRNA expressions of hypertrophic marker genes (ANP, BNP and β-MHC). Importantly, mitochondrial Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were dramatically elevated upon S1P stimulation, and pharmacological blockage of which abolished NRVM hypertrophy. 0.5 Hz electrical pacing induced similar cytosolic Ca2+ kinetics to S1P stimulation, but unaffected the peak of mitochondrial [Ca2+]. With interference of the expression of type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R2), which are unemployed in electrical paced Ca2+ activity but may be activated by S1P, alteration in mitochondrial Ca2+ as well as the hypertrophic effect in NRVMs under S1P stimulation were attenuated. The hypertrophic effect of S1P can also be abolished by pharmacological block of S1PR1 or Gi signaling. Collectively, our study highlights the mechanistic role of IP3R2-mediated excess SR-mitochondria Ca2+ transport in S1P-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Di
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jie-Long Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zi-Yue Man
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ru-Yue Bai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Fujian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xue-Liang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Deng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jianbao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Wenjun Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
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Mao X, Yang L, Liu Y, Ma C, Ma T, Yu Q, Li M. Vacuole and Mitochondria Patch (vCLAMP) Protein Vam6 Is Involved in Maintenance of Mitochondrial and Vacuolar Functions under Oxidative Stress in Candida albicans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010136. [PMID: 33478009 PMCID: PMC7835768 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is one of the most common opportunistic fungal pathogens in human beings. When infecting host cells, C. albicans is often exposed to oxidative stress from the host immune defense system. Maintenance of mitochondrial and vacuolar functions is crucial for its resistance to oxidative stress. However, the role of vacuole and mitochondria patchs (vCLAMPs) in cellular oxidative stress resistance and in the maintenance of organelle functions remains to be elucidated. Herein, the function of the vCLAMP protein Vam6 in response to oxidative stress was explored. The results showed that the vam6∆/∆ mutant exhibited obvious mitochondrial swelling, mtDNA damage, reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes, and abnormal vacuolar morphology under H2O2 treatment, indicating its important role in maintaining the structures and functions of both mitochondria and vacuoles under oxidative stress. Further studies showed that deletion of VAM6 attenuated hyphal development under oxidative stress. Moreover, loss of Vam6 obviously affected host tissue invasion and virulence of C. albicans. Taken together, this paper reveals the critical role of vCLAMPs in response to oxidative stress in C. albicans.
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Zhang H, Alder NN, Wang W, Szeto H, Marcinek DJ, Rabinovitch PS. Reduction of elevated proton leak rejuvenates mitochondria in the aged cardiomyocyte. eLife 2020; 9:e60827. [PMID: 33319746 PMCID: PMC7738186 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-associated diseases, including cardiac dysfunction, are increasingly common in the population. However, the mechanisms of physiologic aging in general, and cardiac aging in particular, remain poorly understood. Age-related heart impairment is lacking a clinically effective treatment. Using the model of naturally aging mice and rats, we show direct evidence of increased proton leak in the aged heart mitochondria. Moreover, our data suggested ANT1 as the most likely site of mediating increased mitochondrial proton permeability in old cardiomyocytes. Most importantly, the tetra-peptide SS-31 prevents age-related excess proton entry, decreases the mitochondrial flash activity and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, rejuvenates mitochondrial function by direct association with ANT1 and the mitochondrial ATP synthasome, and leads to substantial reversal of diastolic dysfunction. Our results uncover the excessive proton leak as a novel mechanism of age-related cardiac dysfunction and elucidate how SS-31 can reverse this clinically important complication of cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Hazel Szeto
- Social Profit Network Research Lab, Alexandria LaunchLabsNew YorkUnited States
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Peter S Rabinovitch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
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28
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Zhang N, Jiang H, Meng X, Qian K, Liu Y, Song Q, Stanley D, Wu J, Park Y, Wang J. Broad-complex transcription factor mediates opposing hormonal regulation of two phylogenetically distant arginine kinase genes in Tribolium castaneum. Commun Biol 2020; 3:631. [PMID: 33127981 PMCID: PMC7603314 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphoarginine-arginine kinase shuttle system plays a critical role in maintaining insect cellular energy homeostasis. Insect molting and metamorphosis are coordinated by fluctuations of the ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone. However, the hormonal regulation of insect arginine kinases remain largely elusive. In this report, we comparatively characterized two arginine kinase genes, TcAK1 and TcAK2, in Tribolium castaneum. Functional analysis using RNAi showed that TcAK1 and TcAK2 play similar roles in adult fertility and stress response. TcAK1 was detected in cytoplasm including mitochondria, whereas TcAK2 was detected in cytoplasm excluding mitochondria. Interestingly, TcAK1 expression was negatively regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone and positively by juvenile hormone, whereas TcAK2 was regulated by the opposite pattern. RNAi, dual-luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assay further revealed that the opposite hormonal regulation of TcAK1 and TcAK2 was mediated by transcription factor Broad-Complex. Finally, relatively stable AK activities were observed during larval-pupal metamorphosis, which was generally consistent with the constant ATP levels. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the ATP homeostasis in insects by revealing opposite hormonal regulation of two phylogenetically distant arginine kinase genes. Zhang et al. characterize the functions of two distinct arginine kinase genes in flour beetles. Using RNA interference and electophoretic mobility shift assays, they identify Broad-Complex transcription factor as the mediator of opposing hormonal regulation in these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiangkun Meng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
| | - Jincai Wu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Jianjun Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
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29
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Li A, Yi J, Li X, Zhou J. Physiological Ca 2+ Transients Versus Pathological Steady-State Ca 2+ Elevation, Who Flips the ROS Coin in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2020; 11:595800. [PMID: 33192612 PMCID: PMC7642813 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.595800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are both the primary provider of ATP and the pivotal regulator of cell death, which are essential for physiological muscle activities. Ca2+ plays a multifaceted role in mitochondrial function. During muscle contraction, Ca2+ influx into mitochondria activates multiple enzymes related to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in increased ATP synthesis to meet the energy demand. Pathophysiological conditions such as skeletal muscle denervation or unloading also lead to elevated Ca2+ levels inside mitochondria. However, the outcomes of this steady-state elevation of mitochondrial Ca2+ level include exacerbated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, sensitized opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), induction of programmed cell death, and ultimately muscle atrophy. Previously, both acute and long-term endurance exercises have been reported to activate certain signaling pathways to counteract ROS production. Meanwhile, electrical stimulation is known to help prevent apoptosis and alleviate muscle atrophy in denervated animal models and patients with motor impairment. There are various mechanistic studies that focus on the excitation-transcription coupling framework to understand the beneficial role of exercise and electrical stimulation. Interestingly, a recent study has revealed an unexpected role of rapid mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in keeping mPTP at a closed state with reduced mitochondrial ROS production. This discovery motivated us to contribute this review article to inspire further discussion about the potential mechanisms underlying differential outcomes of physiological mitochondrial Ca2+ transients and pathological mitochondrial Ca2+ elevation in skeletal muscle ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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30
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Gallo G. The bioenergetics of neuronal morphogenesis and regeneration: Frontiers beyond the mitochondrion. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:263-276. [PMID: 32750228 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The formation of axons and dendrites during development, and their regeneration following injury, are energy intensive processes. The underlying assembly and dynamics of the cytoskeleton, axonal transport mechanisms, and extensive signaling networks all rely on ATP and GTP consumption. Cellular ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation (OxP) in mitochondria, glycolysis and "regenerative" kinase systems. Recent investigations have focused on the role of the mitochondrion in axonal development and regeneration emphasizing the importance of this organelle and OxP in axon development and regeneration. In contrast, the understanding of alternative sources of ATP in neuronal morphogenesis and regeneration remains largely unexplored. This review focuses on the current state of the field of neuronal bioenergetics underlying morphogenesis and regeneration and considers the literature on the bioenergetics of non-neuronal cell motility to emphasize the potential contributions of non-mitochondrial energy sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Gallo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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31
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Zhang T, Zhang S, Chen L, Ding H, Wu P, Zhang G, Xie K, Dai G, Wang J. UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Nontargeted Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Biomarkers Related to the Freshness of Chilled Chicken. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091326. [PMID: 32962264 PMCID: PMC7555583 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify metabolic biomarkers related to the freshness of chilled chicken, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to obtain profiles of the metabolites present in chilled chicken stored for different lengths of time. Random forest regression analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression were used to identify key metabolic biomarkers related to the freshness of chilled chicken. A total of 265 differential metabolites were identified during storage of chilled chicken. Of these various metabolites, 37 were selected as potential biomarkers by random forest regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the biomarkers identified using random forest regression analysis showed a strong correlation with the freshness of chilled chicken. Subsequently, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis based on the biomarkers identified by using random forest regression analysis identified indole-3-carboxaldehyde, uridine monophosphate, s-phenylmercapturic acid, gluconic acid, tyramine, and Serylphenylalanine as key metabolic biomarkers. In conclusion, our study characterized the metabolic profiles of chilled chicken stored for different lengths of time and identified six key metabolic biomarkers related to the freshness of chilled chicken. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the changes in the metabolic profiles of chilled chicken during storage and provide a basis for the further development of novel detection methods for the freshness of chilled chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hao Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guojun Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Z.); (S.Z.); (L.C.); (H.D.); (P.W.); (G.Z.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0514-87979075
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Olesen MA, Torres AK, Jara C, Murphy MP, Tapia-Rojas C. Premature synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction in the hippocampus during aging contributes to memory loss. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101558. [PMID: 32447261 PMCID: PMC7248293 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a process characterized by cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction. In neurons, these organelles are classified as synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria depending on their localization. Interestingly, synaptic mitochondria from the cerebral cortex accumulate more damage and are more sensitive to swelling than non-synaptic mitochondria. The hippocampus is fundamental for learning and memory, synaptic processes with high energy demand. However, it is unknown if functional differences are found in synaptic and non-synaptic hippocampal mitochondria; and whether this could contribute to memory loss during aging. In this study, we used 3, 6, 12 and 18 month-old (mo) mice to evaluate hippocampal memory and the function of both synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria. Our results indicate that recognition memory is impaired from 12mo, whereas spatial memory is impaired at 18mo. This was accompanied by a differential function of synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria. Interestingly, we observed premature dysfunction of synaptic mitochondria at 12mo, indicated by increased ROS generation, reduced ATP production and higher sensitivity to calcium overload, an effect that is not observed in non-synaptic mitochondria. In addition, at 18mo both mitochondrial populations showed bioenergetic defects, but synaptic mitochondria were prone to swelling than non-synaptic mitochondria. Finally, we treated 2, 11, and 17mo mice with MitoQ or Curcumin (Cc) for 5 weeks, to determine if the prevention of synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction could attenuate memory loss. Our results indicate that reducing synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction is sufficient to decrease age-associated cognitive impairment. In conclusion, our results indicate that age-related alterations in ATP produced by synaptic mitochondria are correlated with decreases in spatial and object recognition memory and propose that the maintenance of functional synaptic mitochondria is critical to prevent memory loss during aging. Hippocampus-dependent learning and memory are impaired with age, which correlated with synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction. Synaptic mitochondria fail before non-synaptic mitochondria, indicating premature synaptic mitochondrial damage in aging. Reducing synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction, with MitoQ or Curcumin, decrease age-associated hippocampal memory impairment. Age-related changes in ATP production of synaptic mitochondria correlated with decreased hippocampal memory. Maintenance of functional synaptic mitochondria is critical to prevent memory loss during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrethe A Olesen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Chile
| | - Angie K Torres
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Chile
| | - Claudia Jara
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Chile
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cheril Tapia-Rojas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Chile.
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33
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Chong SJF, Marchi S, Petroni G, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Pervaiz S. Noncanonical Cell Fate Regulation by Bcl-2 Proteins. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:537-555. [PMID: 32307222 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2 proteins are widely known as key controllers of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, arguably the most important step of intrinsic apoptosis. Accumulating evidence indicate that most, if not all, members of the Bcl-2 protein family also mediate a number of apoptosis-unrelated functions. Intriguingly, many of these functions ultimately impinge on cell fate decisions via apoptosis-dependent or -independent mechanisms, delineating a complex network through which Bcl-2 family members regulate cell survival and death. Here, we critically discuss the mechanisms through which Bcl-2 proteins influence cell fate as they regulate autophagy, cellular senescence, inflammation, bioenergetic metabolism, Ca2+ fluxes, and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-, HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Université de Paris, Paris, France; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Physiology, YLL School of Medicine and NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore.
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34
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Berry BJ, Trewin AJ, Milliken AS, Baldzizhar A, Amitrano AM, Lim Y, Kim M, Wojtovich AP. Optogenetic control of mitochondrial protonmotive force to impact cellular stress resistance. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49113. [PMID: 32043300 PMCID: PMC7132214 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiration generates an electrochemical proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane called protonmotive force (PMF) to drive diverse functions and synthesize ATP. Current techniques to manipulate the PMF are limited to its dissipation; yet, there is no precise and reversible method to increase the PMF. To address this issue, we aimed to use an optogenetic approach and engineered a mitochondria-targeted light-activated proton pump that we name mitochondria-ON (mtON) to selectively increase the PMF in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we show that mtON photoactivation increases the PMF in a dose-dependent manner, supports ATP synthesis, increases resistance to mitochondrial toxins, and modulates energy-sensing behavior. Moreover, transient mtON activation during hypoxic preconditioning prevents the well-characterized adaptive response of hypoxia resistance. Our results show that optogenetic manipulation of the PMF is a powerful tool to modulate metabolism and cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Berry
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Adam J Trewin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Alexander S Milliken
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Aksana Baldzizhar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Andrea M Amitrano
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Yunki Lim
- Nephrology DivisionDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Andrew P Wojtovich
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
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Guo Y, Zhang C, Shang FF, Luo M, You Y, Zhai Q, Xia Y, Suxin L. Ketogenic Diet Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction via Balancing Mitochondrial Dynamics and Inhibiting Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Aging Dis 2020; 11:229-240. [PMID: 32257538 PMCID: PMC7069456 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) has been widely used in clinical studies and shown to hace an anti-diabetic effect, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elaborated. Our aim was to investigate the effects and the underling mechanisms of the KD on cardiac function in db/db mice. In the present study, db/db mice were subjected to a normal diet (ND) or KD. Fasting blood glucose, cardiac function and morphology, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were measured 8 weeks post KD treatment. Compared with the ND, the KD improved glycemic control and protected against diabetic cardiomyopathy in db/db mice, and improved mitochondrial function, as well as reduced oxidative stress were observed in hearts. In addition, KD treatment exerted an anti-apoptotic effect in the heart of db/db mice. Further data showed that the PI3K/Akt pathway was involved in this protective effect. Our data demonstrated that KD treatment ameliorates cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting apoptosis via activating the PI3K-Akt pathway in type 2 diabetic mice, suggesting that the KD is a promising lifestyle intervention to protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Guo
- 1Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- 2Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fei-Fei Shang
- 3Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Minghao Luo
- 1Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuehua You
- 1Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- 4State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yong Xia
- 1Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,3Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,5Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, OH 43210, USA
| | - Luo Suxin
- 1Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Feng J, Xu H, Pan F, Hu J, Wu Y, Lin N, Zhang X, Ji C, Hu Y, Zhong H, Yan L, Zhong T, Cui X. An Integrated Analysis of mRNA and lncRNA Expression Profiles Indicates Their Potential Contribution to Brown Fat Dysfunction With Aging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:46. [PMID: 32127793 PMCID: PMC7039067 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) can convert fatty acids and glucose into heat, exhibiting the potential to combat obesity and diabetes. The mass and activity of BAT gradually diminishes with aging. As a newly found regulator of gene expression, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit a wide range of functions in life processes. However, whether long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) involves in BAT dysfunction with aging is still unclear. Here, using RNA-sequencing technology, we identified 3237 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and 1312 lncRNAs as differentially expressed in BAT of 10-months-old mice compared with 6- to 8-week-old. The protein-protein interaction network and k-score analysis revealed that the core mRNAs were associated with two important aging-related pathways, including cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that these mRNAs might participate in lipid metabolism and brown fat dysfunction. Functional enrichment analyses demonstrated that dysregulated lncRNAs were associated with mitochondria, regulation of cellular senescence, cell cycle, metabolic and p53 signaling pathways. Moreover, we revealed that two lncRNAs (NONMMUT024512 and n281160) may involve in the regulation of their adjacent gene peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Pparα), a thermogenesis regulator. Collectively, these results lay a foundation for extensive studies on the role of lncRNAs in age-related thermogenic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoqin Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Fenghui Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Hu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Jiangsu Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenbo Ji
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhong
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linping Yan
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianying Zhong
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianying Zhong
| | - Xianwei Cui
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Xianwei Cui
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Guo Y, You Y, Lv D, Yan J, Shang FF, Wang X, Zhang C, Fan Q, Luo S. Inducible nitric oxide synthase contributes to insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction after burn injury in mice. Life Sci 2019; 239:116912. [PMID: 31634465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac dysfunction is a major cause of multi-organ dysfunction in critical care units following severe burns. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cardiac dysfunction in burned mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wild-type and iNOS-knockout mice were subjected to 30% total body surface area burns. Next, the expression of iNOS was measured at 1, 3 and 7 days post-burn. Cardiac function, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the hearts of the mice were assessed at 3 days post-burn. KEY FINDINGS Compared to control mice, iNOS expression was increased and reached a maximum in the heart of burned mice at 3 days post-burn. iNOS deficiency significantly alleviated the cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance in burned mice. In addition, burn-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the heart were markedly reduced in iNOS-knockout burned mice when compared to corresponding values in wild-type burned mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrates that iNOS contributes to insulin resistance in the hearts of mice following burn injury, and iNOS deficiency protects cardiac function against burn injury in mice, suggesting iNOS as a potential therapeutic target to treat burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Guo
- Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuehua You
- Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dingyi Lv
- Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jianghong Yan
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fei-Fei Shang
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qingdan Fan
- Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Suxin Luo
- Division of cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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38
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Boardman NT, Falck AT, Lund T, Chu X, Martin-Armas M, Norvik JV, Jenssen TG, Ytrehus K. Human concentrations of uric acid scavenges adaptive and maladaptive reactive oxygen species in isolated rat hearts subjected to ischemic stress. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 98:139-146. [PMID: 31518503 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Uric acid is a purine degradation product but also an important antioxidant and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger. Experimental settings that mimic myocardial ischemia-reperfusion have not included uric acid despite that it is always present in human extracellular fluid and plasma. We hypothesized that uric acid has an important role in myocardial ROS scavenging. Here, we tested the cardiac response to uric acid on infarct size following ischemia-reperfusion with and without exacerbated oxidative stress due to acute pressure overload and during preconditioning. We also examined mitochondrial respiration and ROS-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Under exacerbated ROS stress induced by high-pressure perfusion, uric acid lowered oxidative stress and reduced infarct size. In contrast, uric acid blocked cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning. However, this effect was reversed by probenecid, an inhibitor of cellular uptake of uric acid. In accordance, in intact cardiomyocytes, extracellular uric acid reduced the susceptibility of mitochondria towards opening of the permeability transition pore, suggesting that uric acid may prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury due to scavenging of maladaptive ROS. Moreover, as uric acid also scavenges adaptive ROS, this may interfere with preconditioning. Altogether, uric acid might be a confounder when translating preclinical experimental results into clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neoma T Boardman
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aleksander Tank Falck
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Trine Lund
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Xi Chu
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Montserrat Martin-Armas
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jon V Norvik
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Metabolic and Renal Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Trond G Jenssen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Organ Transplantation, Section of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsti Ytrehus
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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39
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Allostasis: A Brain-Centered, Predictive Mode of Physiological Regulation. Trends Neurosci 2019; 42:740-752. [PMID: 31488322 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although the concept of allostasis was proposed some 30 years ago, doubts persist about its precise meaning and whether it is useful. Here we review the concept in the context of recent studies as a strategy to efficiently regulate physiology and behavior. The brain, sensing the internal and external milieu, and consulting its database, predicts what is likely to be needed; then, it computes the best response. The brain rewards a better-than-predicted result with a pulse of dopamine, thereby encouraging the organism to learn effective regulatory behaviors. The brain, by prioritizing behaviors and dynamically adjusting the flows of energy and nutrients, reduces costly errors and exploits more opportunities. Despite significant costs of computation, allostasis pays off and can now be recognized as a core principle of organismal design.
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40
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Hou T, Zhang R, Jian C, Ding W, Wang Y, Ling S, Ma Q, Hu X, Cheng H, Wang X. NDUFAB1 confers cardio-protection by enhancing mitochondrial bioenergetics through coordination of respiratory complex and supercomplex assembly. Cell Res 2019; 29:754-766. [PMID: 31366990 PMCID: PMC6796901 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics, often coupled with exaggerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, is a fundamental disease mechanism in organs with a high demand for energy, including the heart. Building a more robust and safer cellular powerhouse holds the promise for protecting these organs in stressful conditions. Here, we demonstrate that NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit AB1 (NDUFAB1), also known as mitochondrial acyl carrier protein, acts as a powerful cardio-protector by conferring greater capacity and efficiency of mitochondrial energy metabolism. In particular, NDUFAB1 not only serves as a complex I subunit, but also coordinates the assembly of respiratory complexes I, II, and III, and supercomplexes, through regulating iron-sulfur biosynthesis and complex I subunit stability. Cardiac-specific deletion of Ndufab1 in mice caused defective bioenergetics and elevated ROS levels, leading to progressive dilated cardiomyopathy and eventual heart failure and sudden death. Overexpression of Ndufab1 effectively enhanced mitochondrial bioenergetics while limiting ROS production and protected the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Together, our findings identify that NDUFAB1 is a crucial regulator of mitochondrial energy and ROS metabolism through coordinating the assembly of respiratory complexes and supercomplexes, and thus provide a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chongshu Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wanqiu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Qi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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41
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Regulation of microbiota-GLP1 axis by sennoside A in diet-induced obese mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:758-768. [PMID: 31384536 PMCID: PMC6663941 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sennoside A (SA) is a bioactive component of Chinese herbal medicines with an activity of irritant laxative, which is often used in the treatment of constipation and obesity. However, its activity remains unknown in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. In this study, the impact of SA on insulin sensitivity was tested in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice through dietary supplementation. At a dosage of 30 mg/kg/day, SA improved insulin sensitivity in the mice after 8-week treatment as indicated by HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance) and glucose tolerance test (GTT). SA restored plasma level of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) by 90% and mRNA expression of Glp1 by 80% in the large intestine of HFD mice. In the mechanism, SA restored the gut microbiota profile, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and mucosal structure in the colon. A mitochondrial stress was observed in the enterocytes of HFD mice with ATP elevation, structural damage, and complex dysfunction. The mitochondrial response was induced in enterocytes by the dietary fat as the same responses were induced by palmitic acid in the cell culture. The mitochondrial response was inhibited in HFD mice by SA treatment. These data suggest that SA may restore the function of microbiota–GLP1 axis to improve glucose metabolism in the obese mice.
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42
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Yu P, Qi W, Huwatibieke B, Li J, Wang X, Cheng H. Temperature dependence of mitoflash biogenesis in cardiac mitochondria. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 666:8-15. [PMID: 30898545 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial flashes (mitoflashes) represent fundamental biochemical and biophysical dynamics of the organelle, involving sudden depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), bursting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and accelerated extrusion of matrix protons. Here we investigated temperature dependence of mitoflash biogenesis as well as ΔΨm oscillations, a subset of which overlapping with mitoflashes, in both cardiac myocytes and isolated respiring cardiac mitochondria. Unexpectedly, we found that mitoflash biogenesis was essentially temperature-independent in intact cardiac myocytes, evidenced by the constancy of frequency as well as amplitude and rise speed over 5 °C-40 °C. Moderate temperature dependence was found in single mitochondria charged by respiratory substrates, where mitoflash frequency was decreased over 5 °C-20 °C with Q10 of 0.74 for Complex I substrates and 0.83 for Complex II substrate. In contrast, ΔΨm oscillation frequency displayed a negative temperature dependence at 5 °C-20 °C with Q10 of 0.82 in intact cells, but a positive temperature dependence at 25 °C - 40 °C with Q10 of 1.62 in isolated mitochondria charged with either Complex I or Complex II substrates. Moreover, the recovery speed of individual mitoflashes exhibited mild temperature dependence (Q10 = 1.14-1.22). These results suggest a temperature compensation of mitoflash frequency at both the mitochondrial and extra-organelle levels, and underscore that mitoflashes and ΔΨm oscillations are related but distinctly different mitochondrial functional dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenfeng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bahetiyaer Huwatibieke
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jinghang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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43
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Wei-LaPierre L, Dirksen RT. Isolating a reverse-mode ATP synthase-dependent mechanism of mitoflash activation. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:708-713. [PMID: 31010808 PMCID: PMC6571996 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201912358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wei-LaPierre and Dirksen discuss new work investigating the molecular events underlying mitoflash biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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44
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Wei-LaPierre L, Ainbinder A, Tylock KM, Dirksen RT. Substrate-dependent and cyclophilin D-independent regulation of mitochondrial flashes in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 665:122-131. [PMID: 30872061 PMCID: PMC6499064 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial flashes (mitoflashes) are stochastic events in the mitochondrial matrix detected by mitochondrial-targeted cpYFP (mt-cpYFP). Mitoflashes are quantal bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production accompanied by modest matrix alkalinization and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitoflashes are fundamental events present in a wide range of cell types. To date, the precise mechanisms for mitoflash generation and termination remain elusive. Transient opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP) during a mitoflash is proposed to account for the mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. Here, we set out to compare the tissue-specific effects of cyclophilin D (CypD)-deficiency and mitochondrial substrates on mitoflash activity in skeletal and cardiac muscle. In contrast to previous reports, we found that CypD knockout did not alter the mitoflash frequency or other mitoflash properties in acutely isolated cardiac myocytes, skeletal muscle fibers, or isolated mitochondria from skeletal muscle and the heart. However, in skeletal muscle fibers, CypD deficiency resulted in a parallel increase in both activity-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and activity-dependent mitoflash activity. Increases in both mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and mitoflash activity following electrical stimulation were abolished by inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. We also found that mitoflash frequency and amplitude differ greatly between intact skeletal muscle fibers and cardiac myocytes, but that this difference is absent in isolated mitochondria. We propose that this difference may be due, in part, to differences in substrate availability in intact skeletal muscle fibers (primarily glycolytic) and cardiac myocytes (largely oxidative). Overall, we find that CypD does not contribute significantly in mitoflash biogenesis under basal conditions in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but does regulate mitoflash events during muscle activity. In addition, tissue-dependent differences in mitoflash frequency are strongly regulated by mitochondrial substrate availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Alina Ainbinder
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Kevin M Tylock
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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Feng G, Liu B, Li J, Cheng T, Huang Z, Wang X, Cheng HP. Mitoflash biogenesis and its role in the autoregulation of mitochondrial proton electrochemical potential. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:727-737. [PMID: 30877142 PMCID: PMC6571995 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual mitochondria undergo an intermittent, all-or-none electrochemical excitation termed “mitoflash.” Feng et al. show that mitoflash occurs following build-up of mitochondrial electrochemical potential and may serve to autoregulate mitochondrial proton electrochemical potential. Respiring mitochondria undergo an intermittent electrical and chemical excitation called mitochondrial flash (mitoflash), which transiently uncouples mitochondrial respiration from ATP production. How a mitoflash is generated and what specific role it plays in bioenergetics remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigate mitoflash biogenesis in isolated cardiac mitochondria by varying the respiratory states and substrate supply and by dissecting the involvement of different electron transfer chain (ETC) complexes. We find that robust mitoflash activity occurs once mitochondria are electrochemically charged by state II/IV respiration (i.e., no ATP synthesis at Complex V), regardless of the substrate entry site (Complex I, Complex II, or Complex IV). Inhibiting forward electron transfer abolishes, while blocking reverse electron transfer generally augments, mitoflash production. Switching from state II/IV to state III respiration, to allow for ATP synthesis at Complex V, markedly diminishes mitoflash activity. Intriguingly, when mitochondria are electrochemically charged by the ATPase activity of Complex V, mitoflashes are generated independently of ETC activity. These findings suggest that mitoflash biogenesis is mechanistically linked to the build up of mitochondrial electrochemical potential rather than ETC activity alone, and may functionally counteract overcharging of the mitochondria and hence serve as an autoregulator of mitochondrial proton electrochemical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaomin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanglong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Peace Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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McBride S, Wei-LaPierre L, McMurray F, MacFarlane M, Qiu X, Patten DA, Dirksen RT, Harper ME. Skeletal muscle mitoflashes, pH, and the role of uncoupling protein-3. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 663:239-248. [PMID: 30659802 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important cellular signaling molecules, but can cause oxidative damage if not kept within tolerable limits. An important proximal form of ROS in mitochondria is superoxide. Its production is thought to occur in regulated stochastic bursts, but current methods using mitochondrial targeted cpYFP to assess superoxide flashes are confounded by changes in pH. Accordingly, these flashes are generally referred to as 'mitoflashes'. Here we provide regulatory insights into mitoflashes and pH fluctuations in skeletal muscle, and the role of uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3). Using quantitative confocal microscopy of mitoflashes in intact muscle fibers, we show that the mitoflash magnitude significantly correlates with the degree of mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization and ablation of UCP3 did not affect this correlation. We assessed the effects of the absence of UCP3 on mitoflash activity in intact skeletal muscle fibers, and found no effects on mitoflash frequency, amplitude or duration, with a slight reduction in the average size of mitoflashes. We further investigated the regulation of pH flashes (pHlashes, presumably a component of mitoflash) by UCP3 using mitochondrial targeted SypHer (mt-SypHer) in skeletal muscle fibers. The frequency of pHlashes was significantly reduced in the absence of UCP3, without changes in other flash properties. ROS scavenger, tiron, did not alter pHlash frequency in either WT or UCP3KO mice. High resolution respirometry revealed that in the absence of UCP3 there is impaired proton leak and Complex I-driven respiration and maximal coupled respiration. Total cellular production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as detected by Amplex-UltraRed was unaffected. Altogether, we demonstrate a correlation between mitochondrial membrane potential and mitoflash magnitude in skeletal muscle fibers that is independent of UCP3, and a role for UCP3 in the control of pHlash frequency and of proton leak- and Complex I coupled-respiration in skeletal muscle fibers. The differential regulation of mitoflashes and pHlashes by UCP3 and tiron also indicate that the two events, though may be related, are not identical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McBride
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - L Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642-8711, USA
| | - F McMurray
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - M MacFarlane
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - X Qiu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642-8711, USA
| | - D A Patten
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - R T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642-8711, USA
| | - M-E Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Małecki JM, Willemen HLDM, Pinto R, Ho AYY, Moen A, Kjønstad IF, Burgering BMT, Zwartkruis F, Eijkelkamp N, Falnes PØ. Lysine methylation by the mitochondrial methyltransferase FAM173B optimizes the function of mitochondrial ATP synthase. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:1128-1141. [PMID: 30530489 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine methylation is an important post-translational modification that is also present on mitochondrial proteins, but the mitochondrial lysine-specific methyltransferases (KMTs) responsible for modification are in most cases unknown. Here, we set out to determine the function of human family with sequence similarity 173 member B (FAM173B), a mitochondrial methyltransferase (MTase) reported to promote chronic pain. Using bioinformatics analyses and biochemical assays, we found that FAM173B contains an atypical, noncleavable mitochondrial targeting sequence responsible for its localization to mitochondria. Interestingly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO of FAM173B in mammalian cells abrogated trimethylation of Lys-43 in ATP synthase c-subunit (ATPSc), a modification previously reported as ubiquitous among metazoans. ATPSc methylation was restored by complementing the KO cells with enzymatically active human FAM173B or with a putative FAM173B orthologue from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans Interestingly, lack of Lys-43 methylation caused aberrant incorporation of ATPSc into the ATP synthase complex and resulted in decreased ATP-generating ability of the complex, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration. In summary, we have identified FAM173B as the long-sought KMT responsible for methylation of ATPSc, a key protein in cellular ATP production, and have demonstrated functional significance of ATPSc methylation. We suggest renaming FAM173B to ATPSc-KMT (gene name ATPSCKMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej M Małecki
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Rita Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Angela Y Y Ho
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Moen
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid F Kjønstad
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Boudewijn M T Burgering
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fried Zwartkruis
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LTI), 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pål Ø Falnes
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
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Rosselin M, Nunes-Hasler P, Demaurex N. Ultrastructural Characterization of Flashing Mitochondria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 1:1-14. [PMID: 30406212 PMCID: PMC6217927 DOI: 10.1177/2515256418801423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria undergo spontaneous transient elevations in matrix pH associated with drops in mitochondrial membrane potential. These mitopHlashes require a functional respiratory chain and the profusion protein optic atrophy 1, but their mechanistic basis is unclear. To gain insight on the origin of these dynamic events, we resolved the ultrastructure of flashing mitochondria by correlative light and electron microscopy. HeLa cells expressing the matrix-targeted pH probe mitoSypHer were screened for mitopHlashes and fixed immediately after the occurrence of a flashing event. The cells were then processed for imaging by serial block face scanning electron microscopy using a focused ion beam to generate ~1,200 slices of 10 nm thickness from a 28 μm × 15 μm cellular volume. Correlation of live/fixed fluorescence and electron microscopy images allowed the unambiguous identification of flashing and nonflashing mitochondria. Three-dimensional reconstruction and surface mapping revealed that each tomogram contained two flashing mitochondria of unequal sizes, one being much larger than the average mitochondrial volume. Flashing mitochondria were 10-fold larger than silent mitochondria but with a surface to volume ratio and a cristae volume similar to nonflashing mitochondria. Flashing mitochondria were connected by tubular structures, formed more membrane contact sites, and a constriction was observed at a junction between a flashing mitochondrion and a nonflashing mitochondrion. These data indicate that flashing mitochondria are structurally preserved and bioenergetically competent but form numerous membrane contact sites and are connected by tubular structures, consistent with our earlier suggestion that mitopHlashes might be triggered by the opening of fusion pores between contiguous mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Rosselin
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paula Nunes-Hasler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Demaurex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Sun Y, Jin C, Zhang X, Jia W, Le J, Ye J. Restoration of GLP-1 secretion by Berberine is associated with protection of colon enterocytes from mitochondrial overheating in diet-induced obese mice. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:53. [PMID: 30250193 PMCID: PMC6155143 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective L-cell dysfunction is reported for GLP-1 reduction in type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanism of dysfunction remains unknown. In this study, we examined mitochondrial function in the mechanistic study in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Subjects C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to establish the DIO model for GLP-1 reduction. The mice were then treated with berberine (BBR) (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks to test the impact on GLP-1 expression. Mitochondrial activities of the colon enterocytes were compared among three groups of mice (lean, DIO, and DIO + BBR) at the end of treatment. Gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were examined to understand the mitochondrial responses. A cellular model treated with palmitic acid (PA) was used in the mechanism study. Results A reduction in GLP-1 expression was observed in DIO mice with mitochondrial stress responses in the colon enterocytes. The mitochondria exhibited cristae loss, membrane rupture, and mitochondrial swelling, which was observed with an increase in ATP abundance, complex I activity, and deficiency in the activities of complexes II and IV. Those changes were associated with dysbiosis and a reduction in SCFAs in the colon of DIO mice. In the cellular model, an increase in ATP abundance, loss of mitochondrial potential, and elevation of apoptosis were induced by PA. All of the alterations in DIO mice and the cellular model were attenuated by BBR. Conclusion The mitochondrial stress responses were observed in the colon enterocytes of DIO mice for GLP-1 reduction. The stress was prevented by BBR in the restoration of GLP-1 expression, in which BBR may act through direct and indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongning Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chenxi Jin
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiamei Le
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jianping Ye
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai, 201306, China. .,Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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50
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Wang S, Hu M, He H. Quantitative analysis of mitoflash excited by femtosecond laser. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-6. [PMID: 29952149 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.6.065005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative flashes (mitoflashes) are oxidative burst events in mitochondria. It is crosslinked with numerous mitochondrial molecular processes and related with pivotal cell functions such as apoptosis and respiration. In previous research, mitoflashes were found as spontaneous occasional events. It would be observed more frequently if cells were treated with proapoptotic chemicals. We show that multiple mitoflashes can be initiated by a single femtosecond-laser stimulation that was tightly focused on a diffraction-limited spot in the mitochondrial tubular structure. The mitoflash events triggered by different photostimulations are quantified and analyzed. The width and amplitude of mitoflashes are found very sensitive to stimulation parameters including laser power, exposure duration, and total incident laser energy. This study provides a quantitative investigation on the photostimulated mitoflashes. It may thus demonstrate such optical method to be a promising technique in future mitochondrial research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao He
- Tianjin Univ., China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., China
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