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Luo L, Wang X, Lu J, Chen G, Luan G, Li W, Wang Q, Fang F. Local field potentials, spiking activity, and receptive fields in human visual cortex. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:543-554. [PMID: 37957484 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The concept of receptive field (RF) is central to sensory neuroscience. Neuronal RF properties have been substantially studied in animals, while those in humans remain nearly unexplored. Here, we measured neuronal RFs with intracranial local field potentials (LFPs) and spiking activity in human visual cortex (V1/V2/V3). We recorded LFPs via macro-contacts and discovered that RF sizes estimated from low-frequency activity (LFA, 0.5-30 Hz) were larger than those estimated from low-gamma activity (LGA, 30-60 Hz) and high-gamma activity (HGA, 60-150 Hz). We then took a rare opportunity to record LFPs and spiking activity via microwires in V1 simultaneously. We found that RF sizes and temporal profiles measured from LGA and HGA closely matched those from spiking activity. In sum, this study reveals that spiking activity of neurons in human visual cortex could be well approximated by LGA and HGA in RF estimation and temporal profile measurement, implying the pivotal functions of LGA and HGA in early visual information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Luo
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiongfei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy, Epilepsy Center, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Junshi Lu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guanpeng Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guoming Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy, Epilepsy Center, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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2
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Nentwich M, Leszczynski M, Russ BE, Hirsch L, Markowitz N, Sapru K, Schroeder CE, Mehta AD, Bickel S, Parra LC. Semantic novelty modulates neural responses to visual change across the human brain. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2910. [PMID: 37217478 PMCID: PMC10203305 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Our continuous visual experience in daily life is dominated by change. Previous research has focused on visual change due to stimulus motion, eye movements or unfolding events, but not their combined impact across the brain, or their interactions with semantic novelty. We investigate the neural responses to these sources of novelty during film viewing. We analyzed intracranial recordings in humans across 6328 electrodes from 23 individuals. Responses associated with saccades and film cuts were dominant across the entire brain. Film cuts at semantic event boundaries were particularly effective in the temporal and medial temporal lobe. Saccades to visual targets with high visual novelty were also associated with strong neural responses. Specific locations in higher-order association areas showed selectivity to either high or low-novelty saccades. We conclude that neural activity associated with film cuts and eye movements is widespread across the brain and is modulated by semantic novelty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Nentwich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marcin Leszczynski
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- Cognitive Science Department, Institute of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Brian E Russ
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University at Langone, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lukas Hirsch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noah Markowitz
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Kaustubh Sapru
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles E Schroeder
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Ashesh D Mehta
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Stephan Bickel
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Lucas C Parra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Ono H, Sonoda M, Sakakura K, Kitazawa Y, Mitsuhashi T, Firestone E, Jeong JW, Luat AF, Marupudi NI, Sood S, Asano E. Dynamic cortical and tractography atlases of proactive and reactive alpha and high-gamma activities. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad111. [PMID: 37228850 PMCID: PMC10204271 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha waves-posterior dominant rhythms at 8-12 Hz reactive to eye opening and closure-are among the most fundamental EEG findings in clinical practice and research since Hans Berger first documented them in the early 20th century. Yet, the exact network dynamics of alpha waves in regard to eye movements remains unknown. High-gamma activity at 70-110 Hz is also reactive to eye movements and a summary measure of local cortical activation supporting sensorimotor or cognitive function. We aimed to build the first-ever brain atlases directly visualizing the network dynamics of eye movement-related alpha and high-gamma modulations, at cortical and white matter levels. We studied 28 patients (age: 5-20 years) who underwent intracranial EEG and electro-oculography recordings. We measured alpha and high-gamma modulations at 2167 electrode sites outside the seizure onset zone, interictal spike-generating areas and MRI-visible structural lesions. Dynamic tractography animated white matter streamlines modulated significantly and simultaneously beyond chance, on a millisecond scale. Before eye-closure onset, significant alpha augmentation occurred at the occipital and frontal cortices. After eye-closure onset, alpha-based functional connectivity was strengthened, while high gamma-based connectivity was weakened extensively in both intra-hemispheric and inter-hemispheric pathways involving the central visual areas. The inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus supported the strengthened alpha co-augmentation-based functional connectivity between occipital and frontal lobe regions, whereas the posterior corpus callosum supported the inter-hemispheric functional connectivity between the occipital lobes. After eye-opening offset, significant high-gamma augmentation and alpha attenuation occurred at occipital, fusiform and inferior parietal cortices. High gamma co-augmentation-based functional connectivity was strengthened, whereas alpha-based connectivity was weakened in the posterior inter-hemispheric and intra-hemispheric white matter pathways involving central and peripheral visual areas. Our results do not support the notion that eye closure-related alpha augmentation uniformly reflects feedforward or feedback rhythms propagating from lower to higher order visual cortex, or vice versa. Rather, proactive and reactive alpha waves involve extensive, distinct white matter networks that include the frontal lobe cortices, along with low- and high-order visual areas. High-gamma co-attenuation coupled to alpha co-augmentation in shared brain circuitry after eye closure supports the notion of an idling role for alpha waves during eye closure. These normative dynamic tractography atlases may improve understanding of the significance of EEG alpha waves in assessing the functional integrity of brain networks in clinical practice; they also may help elucidate the effects of eye movements on task-related brain network measures observed in cognitive neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Ono
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Joint Graduate School of Tohoku University, Tokyo 1878551, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Masaki Sonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sakakura
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 3058575, Japan
| | - Yu Kitazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360004, Japan
| | - Takumi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 1138421, Japan
| | - Ethan Firestone
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jeong-Won Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Aimee F Luat
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Neena I Marupudi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sandeep Sood
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Eishi Asano
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Mercier MR, Dubarry AS, Tadel F, Avanzini P, Axmacher N, Cellier D, Vecchio MD, Hamilton LS, Hermes D, Kahana MJ, Knight RT, Llorens A, Megevand P, Melloni L, Miller KJ, Piai V, Puce A, Ramsey NF, Schwiedrzik CM, Smith SE, Stolk A, Swann NC, Vansteensel MJ, Voytek B, Wang L, Lachaux JP, Oostenveld R. Advances in human intracranial electroencephalography research, guidelines and good practices. Neuroimage 2022; 260:119438. [PMID: 35792291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the second-half of the twentieth century, intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), including both electrocorticography (ECoG) and stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG), has provided an intimate view into the human brain. At the interface between fundamental research and the clinic, iEEG provides both high temporal resolution and high spatial specificity but comes with constraints, such as the individual's tailored sparsity of electrode sampling. Over the years, researchers in neuroscience developed their practices to make the most of the iEEG approach. Here we offer a critical review of iEEG research practices in a didactic framework for newcomers, as well addressing issues encountered by proficient researchers. The scope is threefold: (i) review common practices in iEEG research, (ii) suggest potential guidelines for working with iEEG data and answer frequently asked questions based on the most widespread practices, and (iii) based on current neurophysiological knowledge and methodologies, pave the way to good practice standards in iEEG research. The organization of this paper follows the steps of iEEG data processing. The first section contextualizes iEEG data collection. The second section focuses on localization of intracranial electrodes. The third section highlights the main pre-processing steps. The fourth section presents iEEG signal analysis methods. The fifth section discusses statistical approaches. The sixth section draws some unique perspectives on iEEG research. Finally, to ensure a consistent nomenclature throughout the manuscript and to align with other guidelines, e.g., Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) and the OHBM Committee on Best Practices in Data Analysis and Sharing (COBIDAS), we provide a glossary to disambiguate terms related to iEEG research.
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5
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Motor-related signals support localization invariance for stable visual perception. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009928. [PMID: 35286305 PMCID: PMC8947590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our ability to perceive a stable visual world in the presence of continuous movements of the body, head, and eyes has puzzled researchers in the neuroscience field for a long time. We reformulated this problem in the context of hierarchical convolutional neural networks (CNNs)—whose architectures have been inspired by the hierarchical signal processing of the mammalian visual system—and examined perceptual stability as an optimization process that identifies image-defining features for accurate image classification in the presence of movements. Movement signals, multiplexed with visual inputs along overlapping convolutional layers, aided classification invariance of shifted images by making the classification faster to learn and more robust relative to input noise. Classification invariance was reflected in activity manifolds associated with image categories emerging in late CNN layers and with network units acquiring movement-associated activity modulations as observed experimentally during saccadic eye movements. Our findings provide a computational framework that unifies a multitude of biological observations on perceptual stability under optimality principles for image classification in artificial neural networks. Stable visual perception during eye and body movements suggests neural algorithms that convert location information—"where” type of signals—across multiple frames of reference, for instance, from retinocentric to craniocentric coordinates. Accordingly, numerous theoretical studies have proposed biologically plausible computational processes to achieve such transformations. However, how coordinate transformations can then be used by the hierarchy of cortical visual areas to produce stable perception remains largely unknown. Here, we explore the hypothesis that perception equates to the activity states of networks trained to classify “features” (e.g., objects, salient components) in the visual scene, and perceptual stability equates to robust classification of these features relative to self-generated movements, that is, a “what” type of information processing. We demonstrate in CNNs that neural signals related to eye and body movements support accurate image classification by making “where” type of computations—localization invariances—faster to learn and more robust relative to input perturbations. Therefore, by equating perception to the activity states of classifier networks, we provide a simple unifying mechanistic framework to explain the role movement signals in support of stable perception in dynamic interactions with the environment.
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6
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Spontaneous modulations of high-frequency cortical activity. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2391-2403. [PMID: 34454266 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We clarified the clinical and mechanistic significance of physiological modulations of high-frequency broadband cortical activity associated with spontaneous saccadic eye movements during a resting state. METHODS We studied 30 patients who underwent epilepsy surgery following extraoperative electrocorticography and electrooculography recordings. We determined whether high-gamma activity at 70-110 Hz preceding saccade onset would predict upcoming ocular behaviors. We assessed how accurately the model incorporating saccade-related high-gamma modulations would localize the primary visual cortex defined by electrical stimulation. RESULTS The dynamic atlas demonstrated transient high-gamma suppression in the striatal cortex before saccade onset and high-gamma augmentation subsequently involving the widespread posterior brain regions. More intense striatal high-gamma suppression predicted the upcoming saccade directed to the ipsilateral side and lasting longer in duration. The bagged-tree-ensemble model demonstrated that intense saccade-related high-gamma modulations localized the visual cortex with an accuracy of 95%. CONCLUSIONS We successfully animated the neural dynamics supporting saccadic suppression, a principal mechanism minimizing the perception of blurred vision during rapid eye movements. The primary visual cortex per se may prepare actively in advance for massive image motion expected during upcoming prolonged saccades. SIGNIFICANCE Measuring saccade-related electrocorticographic signals may help localize the visual cortex and avoid misperceiving physiological high-frequency activity as epileptogenic.
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7
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Wienke C, Bartsch MV, Vogelgesang L, Reichert C, Hinrichs H, Heinze HJ, Dürschmid S. Mind-wandering Is Accompanied by Both Local Sleep and Enhanced Processes of Spatial Attention Allocation. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab001. [PMID: 34296151 PMCID: PMC8153027 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mind-wandering (MW) is a subjective, cognitive phenomenon, in which thoughts move away from the task toward an internal train of thoughts, possibly during phases of neuronal sleep-like activity (local sleep, LS). MW decreases cortical processing of external stimuli and is assumed to decouple attention from the external world. Here, we directly tested how indicators of LS, cortical processing, and attentional selection change in a pop-out visual search task during phases of MW. Participants’ brain activity was recorded using magnetoencephalography, MW was assessed via self-report using randomly interspersed probes. As expected, the performance decreased under MW. Consistent with the occurrence of LS, MW was accompanied by a decrease in high-frequency activity (HFA, 80–150 Hz) and an increase in slow wave activity (SWA, 1–6 Hz). In contrast, visual attentional selection as indexed by the N2pc component was enhanced during MW with the N2pc amplitude being directly linked to participants’ performance. This observation clearly contradicts accounts of attentional decoupling that would predict a decrease in attention-related responses to external stimuli during MW. Together, our results suggest that MW occurs during phases of LS with processes of attentional target selection being upregulated, potentially to compensate for the mental distraction during MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wienke
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mandy V Bartsch
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lena Vogelgesang
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Reichert
- Forschungscampus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.,CBBS - center of behavioral brain sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Hinrichs
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Forschungscampus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.,CBBS - center of behavioral brain sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Forschungscampus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.,CBBS - center of behavioral brain sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Dürschmid
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
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8
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Strappini F, Wilf M, Karp O, Goldberg H, Harel M, Furman-Haran E, Golan T, Malach R. Resting-State Activity in High-Order Visual Areas as a Window into Natural Human Brain Activations. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3618-3635. [PMID: 30395164 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A major limitation of conventional human brain research has been its basis in highly artificial laboratory experiments. Due to technical constraints, little is known about the nature of cortical activations during ecological real life. We have previously proposed the "spontaneous trait reactivation (STR)" hypothesis arguing that resting-state patterns, which emerge spontaneously in the absence of external stimulus, reflect the statistics of habitual cortical activations during real life. Therefore, these patterns can serve as a window into daily life cortical activity. A straightforward prediction of this hypothesis is that spontaneous patterns should preferentially correlate to patterns generated by naturalistic stimuli compared with artificial ones. Here we targeted high-level category-selective visual areas and tested this prediction by comparing BOLD functional connectivity patterns formed during rest to patterns formed in response to naturalistic stimuli, as well as to more artificial category-selective, dynamic stimuli. Our results revealed a significant correlation between the resting-state patterns and functional connectivity patterns generated by naturalistic stimuli. Furthermore, the correlations to naturalistic stimuli were significantly higher than those found between resting-state patterns and those generated by artificial control stimuli. These findings provide evidence of a stringent link between spontaneous patterns and the activation patterns during natural vision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meytal Wilf
- Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MySpace Lab, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ofer Karp
- Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagar Goldberg
- Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Harel
- Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Edna Furman-Haran
- Life Sciences Core Facilities Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Golan
- The Edmund and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rafael Malach
- Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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9
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Leszczyński M, Barczak A, Kajikawa Y, Ulbert I, Falchier AY, Tal I, Haegens S, Melloni L, Knight RT, Schroeder CE. Dissociation of broadband high-frequency activity and neuronal firing in the neocortex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb0977. [PMID: 32851172 PMCID: PMC7423365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb0977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Broadband high-frequency activity (BHA; 70 to 150 Hz), also known as "high gamma," a key analytic signal in human intracranial (electrocorticographic) recordings, is often assumed to reflect local neural firing [multiunit activity (MUA)]. As the precise physiological substrates of BHA are unknown, this assumption remains controversial. Our analysis of laminar multielectrode data from V1 and A1 in monkeys outlines two components of stimulus-evoked BHA distributed across the cortical layers: an "early-deep" and "late-superficial" response. Early-deep BHA has a clear spatial and temporal overlap with MUA. Late-superficial BHA was more prominent and accounted for more of the BHA signal measured near the cortical pial surface. However, its association with local MUA is weak and often undetectable, consistent with the view that it reflects dendritic processes separable from local neuronal firing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Leszczyński
- Cognitive Science and Neuromodulation Program, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Division of the Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Annamaria Barczak
- Translational Neuroscience Division of the Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Yoshinao Kajikawa
- Translational Neuroscience Division of the Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Istvan Ulbert
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arnaud Y. Falchier
- Translational Neuroscience Division of the Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Idan Tal
- Cognitive Science and Neuromodulation Program, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Division of the Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Saskia Haegens
- Cognitive Science and Neuromodulation Program, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lucia Melloni
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert T. Knight
- Department of Psychology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Charles E. Schroeder
- Cognitive Science and Neuromodulation Program, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Division of the Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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10
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Bellet ME, Bellet J, Nienborg H, Hafed ZM, Berens P. Human-level saccade detection performance using deep neural networks. J Neurophysiol 2018; 121:646-661. [PMID: 30565968 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00601.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccades are ballistic eye movements that rapidly shift gaze from one location of visual space to another. Detecting saccades in eye movement recordings is important not only for studying the neural mechanisms underlying sensory, motor, and cognitive processes, but also as a clinical and diagnostic tool. However, automatically detecting saccades can be difficult, particularly when such saccades are generated in coordination with other tracking eye movements, like smooth pursuits, or when the saccade amplitude is close to eye tracker noise levels, like with microsaccades. In such cases, labeling by human experts is required, but this is a tedious task prone to variability and error. We developed a convolutional neural network to automatically detect saccades at human-level accuracy and with minimal training examples. Our algorithm surpasses state of the art according to common performance metrics and could facilitate studies of neurophysiological processes underlying saccade generation and visual processing. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Detecting saccades in eye movement recordings can be a difficult task, but it is a necessary first step in many applications. We present a convolutional neural network that can automatically identify saccades with human-level accuracy and with minimal training examples. We show that our algorithm performs better than other available algorithms, by comparing performance on a wide range of data sets. We offer an open-source implementation of the algorithm as well as a web service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Bellet
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Joachim Bellet
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience , Tübingen , Germany.,Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Hendrikje Nienborg
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Ziad M Hafed
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Philipp Berens
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience , Tübingen , Germany
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