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Gandhi UH, Benjamin A, Gajjar S, Hirani T, Desai K, Suhagia BB, Ahmad R, Sinha S, Haque M, Kumar S. Alcohol and Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e62270. [PMID: 39006719 PMCID: PMC11246185 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The scientific literature dealing with alcohol and alcoholic beverages revealed that these drinks possess an adverse impact on periodontal tissues. Additionally, other principal risk factors include tobacco, smoking, poor oral hygiene, etc. It has been observed that among chronic alcoholics, there are further issues, such as mental, social, and physical effects, that promote alcoholism. These people may have weak immunity for defense against pathogenic organisms and bacteria. Thus, chances of gingival bleeding, swollen gums, bad breath, and increased bone loss are there. Different alcoholic beverages in the market cause less salivation; these beverages contain sugars that promote acid production in the oral cavity by pathogens that demineralize the enamel and damage gum and teeth. This chronic alcohol consumption can progress into different types of oral disorders, including cancer, halitosis, and caries, and is also associated with tobacco and smoking. Chronic alcohol consumption can cause alteration of the oral microbiome and increase oral pathogens, which lead to periodontal disease and an environment of inflammation created in the body due to malnutrition, diminished immunity, altered liver condition, brain damage, and gut microbiota alteration. Heavily colored alcoholic beverages produce staining on teeth and, due to less saliva, may cause other toxic effects on the periodontium. Over-dependency on alcohol leads to necrotizing lesions such as necrotizing gingivitis, necrotizing periodontitis, and necrotizing stomatitis. These pathological impairments instigate severe damage to oral structures. Therefore, proper counseling by the attending dental surgeon and related health professionals is urgently required for the patient on the basis that the individual case needs to go away from the regular heavy consumption of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsav H Gandhi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Amit Benjamin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Shreya Gajjar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Tanvi Hirani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Khushboo Desai
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Bansariben B Suhagia
- Department of Periodontology, Ahmedabad Dental College and Hospital, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mainul Haque
- Department of Research, Karnavati Scientific Research Center, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
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Çiftçi BT, Aşantoğrol F. Utilization of machine learning models in predicting caries risk groups and oral health-related risk factors in adults. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:430. [PMID: 38589865 PMCID: PMC11000438 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the risk factors that affect oral health in adults and to evaluate the success of different machine learning algorithms in predicting these risk factors. METHODS This study included 2000 patients aged 18 years and older who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, between September and December 2023. In this study, patients completed a 30-item questionnaire designed to assess the factors that affect the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT). Clinical and radiological examinations were performed, and DMFT scores were calculated after completion of the questionnaire. The obtained data were randomly divided into a 75% training group and a 25% test group. The preprocessed dataset was analysed using various machine learning algorithms, including naive Bayes, logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and Multilayer Perceptron algorithms. Pearson's correlation test was also conducted to assess the correlation between participants' DMFT scores and oral health risk factors. The performance of each algorithm was evaluated to determine the most appropriate algorithm, and model performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score on the test dataset. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found between various factors and DMFT-based risk groups (p < 0.05), including age, sex, body mass index, tooth brushing frequency, socioeconomic status, employment status, education level, marital status, hypertension, diabetes status, renal disease status, consumption of sugary snacks, dry mouth status and screen time. When considering machine learning algorithms for risk group assessments, the Multilayer Perceptron model demonstrated the highest level of success, achieving an accuracy of 95.8%, an F1-score of 96%, and precision and recall rates of 96%. CONCLUSIONS Caries risk assessment using a simple questionnaire can identify individuals at risk of dental caries, determine the key risk factors, provide information to help reduce the risk of dental caries over time and ensure follow-up. In addition, it is extremely important to apply effective preventive treatments and to prevent the general health problems that are caused by the deterioration of oral health. The results of this study show the potential of machine learning algorithms for predicting caries risk groups, and these algorithms are promising for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tunahan Çiftçi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 27310
| | - Firdevs Aşantoğrol
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 27310.
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Kanzow P, Mielke K, Hrasky V, Wiegand S, Schliephake H, Beutner D, Wiegand A. Oral health in HPV-positive and HPV-negative patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1083067. [PMID: 36776286 PMCID: PMC9909218 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1083067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared oral health in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients with positive or negative human papillomavirus (HPV) status and analysed whether oral health was associated with survival. Patients referred for dental assessment prior to radio(chemo)therapy between 2009 and 2019 were included. Patient-related risk factors for OPSCC (alcohol, tobacco, HPV status), age, sex, treatment (primary treatment, intent), performance status, tumor/node/metastasis (TNM) staging, and oral health parameters (DMFT, periodontal status, teeth with/without root canal treatment and with/without periodontitis apicalis) were compared between HPV-negative and HPV-positive patients. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier statistics. The effect of patient-related risk factors and oral health parameters was analysed by cox regression analyses (α=5%). A total of 119 patients (n=50 HPV-negative, n=69 HPV-positive) was included. HPV-positive patients showed more present teeth, a higher number of filled teeth, were less often edentulous and presented a lower DMFT compared to HPV-negative patients (padj.≤0.003). Among dentulous patients, HPV-positive patients showed more present teeth and fewer teeth with periodontitis apicalis lacking a root canal treatment (padj.≤0.036). Survival probability differed between groups (p=0.006) and trended towards being associated with HPV status, tobacco exposure, performance status, T stage, N stage, and the number of missing or filled teeth as well as the number of root canal treated teeth with periodontitis apicalis and the number of teeth with periodontitis apicalis lacking a root canal treatment (p≤0.077). However, only tobacco exposure, performance status, and the number of teeth with periodontitis apicalis lacking a root canal treatment in dentulous patients remained significant in the multivariate analyses (p≤0.047). HPV-negative patients with OPSCC showed a poorer oral health compared to HPV-positive patients, but survival was not associated with oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kanzow
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany,*Correspondence: Philipp Kanzow,
| | - Katharina Mielke
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Valentina Hrasky
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Wiegand
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Beutner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Durey A, Lette H, Saunders J, Slack‐Smith L. Community-centred oral healthcare for adults experiencing homelessness in Australia: Perceptions and experiences of key stakeholders. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e6312-e6321. [PMID: 36240109 PMCID: PMC10092148 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to identify whether creating a responsive, respectful and trustworthy environment that provides free dental care for clients who are homeless using volunteer dental professionals was effective in meeting their oral health needs in Fremantle, Western Australia. Qualitative research conducted between October 2018 and August 2019 was guided by a social constructivist paradigm to gather and analyse data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adults experiencing homelessness accessing a community dental clinic and health providers and other stakeholders involved in its establishment, management and service delivery. An inductive approach to analysis was used to organise themes under the categories of 'establishing the oral health clinic' (OHC) and 'responses to the implementation of the clinic' Thirty-nine semi-structured interviews were conducted across eight participant groups: clients, executive management, the oral health clinical reference group, volunteer dentists, employed staff, nursing students, volunteer staff and other stakeholders. Key findings across all groups included positive responses to the establishment and implementation of the OHC, the quality of care and the safe and respectful environment in which services were delivered. Challenges related to sustainability include uncertainty around ongoing funding and recruitment of dental professionals. Whilst volunteer dental services fill a gap in meeting the complex needs of this population group, mainstream services must consider and address issues of equity in this context. Findings can be used to guide this process that includes creating environments of respect and trust where adults who are homeless or at risk of homelessness feel safe, welcomed and more likely to return to the service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Durey
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Helen Lette
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Julie Saunders
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Linda Slack‐Smith
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Costa C, Santiago H, Pereira S, Castro AR, Soares SC. Oral Health Status and Multiple Sclerosis: Classic and Non-Classic Manifestations—Case Report. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10030062. [PMID: 36135218 PMCID: PMC9498041 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with neurological and motor symptoms that affect the orofacial region. The aim of this work is to present a patient that lacks the three classic orofacial manifestations but has other less common clinical alterations. Case presentation: A 49-year-old female patient diagnosed with long-term relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis visited the dentist complaining of mild but persistent orofacial pain including the temporomandibular joint and pain not specific to any tooth. She presented mucosal irritation, xerostomia, halitosis, and localized gingivitis. There was excessive wear of the upper and lower incisal edges and the occlusal faces of the upper canines and loss of six teeth due to caries. After a clinical oral examination, the diagnosis was temporomandibular joint disorder, gingivitis, dental hypersensitivity, bruxism, hyposalivation, xerostomia, and halitosis. Conclusions: Patients with multiple sclerosis present classic orofacial manifestations. Although these were not observed in this patient, she had others, such as gingivitis, tooth hypersensitivity, and bruxism. In addition, despite few studies associating a higher prevalence of caries with these patients, the number of carious and missing teeth in this patient highlight the evidence that multiple sclerosis has had a significant impact on the patient’s dental status over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céu Costa
- Escola Superior da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa, FP-I3ID (FP-BHS), 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Grupo de Patologia Experimental e Terapêutica, Centro de Investigação, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Hugo Santiago
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Pereira
- Escola Superior da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa, FP-I3ID (FP-BHS), 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Grupo de Patologia Experimental e Terapêutica, Centro de Investigação, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Castro
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa, FP-I3ID (FP-BHS), 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Clara Soares
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa, FP-I3ID (FP-BHS), 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
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Schillinger D, Banava S, Gansky SA. Integrating Oral, Physical, and Mental Health Via Public Health Literacy. Health Lit Res Pract 2022; 6:e17-e24. [PMID: 35133945 PMCID: PMC8823462 DOI: 10.3928/24748307-20220105-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dean Schillinger
- Address correspondence to Dean Schillinger, MD, University of California San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143;
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7
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Barb JJ, Maki KA, Kazmi N, Meeks BK, Krumlauf M, Tuason RT, Brooks AT, Ames NJ, Goldman D, Wallen GR. The oral microbiome in alcohol use disorder: a longitudinal analysis during inpatient treatment. J Oral Microbiol 2021; 14:2004790. [PMID: 34880965 PMCID: PMC8648028 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.2004790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD)-induced disruption of oral microbiota can lead to poor oral health; there have been no studies published examining the longitudinal effects of alcohol use cessation on the oral microbiome. Aim To investigate the oral microbiome during alcohol cessation during inpatient treatment for AUD. Methods Up to 10 oral tongue brushings were collected from 22 AUD patients during inpatient treatment at the National Institutes of Health. Alcohol use history, smoking, and periodontal disease status were measured. Oral microbiome samples were sequenced using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Alpha diversity decreased linearly during treatment across the entire cohort (P = 0.002). Alcohol preference was associated with changes in both alpha and beta diversity measures. Characteristic tongue dorsum genera from the Human Microbiome Project such as Streptococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella and Haemophilus were highly correlated in AUD. Oral health-associated genera that changed longitudinally during abstinence included Actinomyces, Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium, Neisseria and Prevotella. Conclusion The oral microbiome in AUD is affected by alcohol preference. Patients with AUD often have poor oral health but abstinence and attention to oral care improve dysbiosis, decreasing microbiome diversity and periodontal disease-associated genera while improving acute oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Barb
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K A Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Kazmi
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B K Meeks
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Krumlauf
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R T Tuason
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A T Brooks
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA
| | - N J Ames
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D Goldman
- Office of the Clinical Director, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA
| | - G R Wallen
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Zupo R, Castellana F, De Nucci S, Dibello V, Lozupone M, Giannelli G, De Pergola G, Panza F, Sardone R, Boeing H. Beverages Consumption and Oral Health in the Aging Population: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2021; 8:762383. [PMID: 34778347 PMCID: PMC8579113 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.762383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Little study has yet been made of the effect of different beverages on oral health outcomes in the aging population. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the association between different beverages, including alcohol intake, coffee, milk, tea, and sugary drinks, and a cluster of oral health outcomes, including periodontal disease, oral dysbiosis, and tooth loss in older adults. The literature was screened from the inception up to May 2021 using six different electronic databases. Two independent researchers assessed the eligibility of 1308 retrieved articles regarding inclusion criteria; only 12 fitted the eligibility requirements, representing 16 beverage entries. A minimum age of 60 was the inclusion criterion. No exclusion criteria were applied to outcomes assessment tools, recruiting facilities (hospital or community), general health status, country, and study type (longitudinal or cross-sectional). The consumption of alcoholic beverages was expressed as alcohol intake in all eligible studies, thereby replacing alcoholic beverages in the analysis. The quality of evidence was judged as moderate for alcohol and low or very low for beverages. In regard to oral health in the elderly, the review identified information on alcohol (56.25%), followed by coffee (18.75%), milk (12.50%), tea (6.25%), and sugary drinks (6.25%). Alcohol, sugary drinks, and coffee were found to be related to tooth loss. Periodontal disease was inversely related to coffee and milk, but fostered by alcohol consumption. In one article, tea but not coffee seemed to improve oral microbiota. In summary, alcohol seems to be a driver for tooth loss and periodontal disease in the aging population. However, more research is needed to gain a more solid knowledge in this research area. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, PROSPERO, Identifier: CRD42021256386.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Sara De Nucci
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Vittorio Dibello
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Unit of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
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Sampaio JRF, Vidal SA, de Goes PSA, Bandeira PFR, Cabral Filho JE. Sociodemographic, Behavioral and Oral Health Factors in Maternal and Child Health: An Interventional and Associative Study from the Network Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083895. [PMID: 33917677 PMCID: PMC8067955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oral healthcare during pregnancy needs to be part of the assistance routine given to pregnant women by health professionals as a way to encourage self-care and strengthen the general health of the mother and the baby. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated oral healthcare intervention for pregnant women and to analyze the association of sociodemographic, behavioral, oral health and general maternal and child health factors in prenatal care at usual risk in primary care in a city in the northeast of Brazil, in 2018–2019. A controlled, randomized, single-blinded community trial was conducted. The intervention group (IG) received dental assistance and collective health education actions in conversation circles, while the control group (CG) received the usual assistance. All pregnant women (146 in total, 58 from IG and 88 from CG) that took part in the trial answered a questionnaire and underwent a dental examination at the beginning of prenatal care and at the puerperal visit. To assess the effect of the intervention, a network analysis was used. The results have shown that being in the control group was associated with neonatal complications (0.89) and prematurity (0.54); the use of tobacco and alcohol are associated with high risk in initial and final oral health; lower educational level of the pregnant women implicates high risk for initial oral health (−0.19), final oral health (−0.26), pregnancy complications (−0.13), low birth weight (−0.23), prematurity (−0.19) and complications in the newborn (−0.14). Having a low family income (≤261.36 USD) has shown a high risk for initial oral health (−0.14), final oral health (−0.20) and prematurity (−0.15). The intervention based on integrated oral healthcare for pregnant women indicated that socioeconomic and behavioral factors must be considered as determinants for the quality of women and children’s health and that multi-professional performance during prenatal care contributes to the positive outcomes of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suely Arruda Vidal
- Study Group on Health Management and Evaluation at IMIP/Pernambuco, Institute of Integral Medicine Fernando Figueira—IMIP, Recife, PE 50070-550, Brazil;
- Post-Graduation Stricto Sensu, Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernan-do Figueira—IMIP, Recife, PE 50070-550, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Savio Angeiras de Goes
- Child and Adolescent Health Program, Department of Clinic and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco—UFPE, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Felipe R. Bandeira
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Regional University of Cariri-URCA/Ceará, Northeastern Family Health Training Network—RENASF, Crato, CE 63105-000, Brazil;
| | - José Eulálio Cabral Filho
- Post-Graduation Stricto Sensu, Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernan-do Figueira—IMIP, Recife, PE 50070-550, Brazil;
- Brazilian Journal of Maternal and Child Health of IMIP, Recife, PE 50070-550, Brazil
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Ramos SR, Lardier DT, Warren RC, Cherian M, Siddiqui S, Kershaw T. Substance Use, General Health and Health Literacy as Predictors of Oral Health in Emerging Adult Sexual Minority Men of Color: A Secondary Data Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1987. [PMID: 33670796 PMCID: PMC7922476 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is limited evidence surrounding oral health in emerging adult, sexual minority men of color. This study examined the association between sociodemographic factors, health literacy, cigarette, e-cigarette, and alcohol use on oral health outcomes. Secondary data analysis was conducted with 322 sexual minority men ages 18-34 in the United States. Between-group, mean-level, and multivariable logistic regression analyses examined differences on oral health outcomes. Increased cigarette (aOR = 1.84, p = 0.03), e-cigarette (aOR = 1.40, p = 0.03), and alcohol use (aOR = 2.07, p = 0.05) were associated with extended time away from the dentist. Health literacy (aOR = 0.93, p = 0.05) was negatively associated. Increased cigarette (aOR = 1.17, p = 0.04) and cigarette use (aOR = 1.26, p = 0.04) were associated with tooth loss. Health literacy was negatively associated (aOR = 0.65, p = 0.03). Increased e-cigarette (aOR = 1.74, p = 0.04) and cigarette use (aOR = 4.37, p < 0.001) were associated with dental affordability issues. Lower health literacy and racial identification as Black were associated with dental affordability issues; demonstrating an urgent need to address these factors to improve oral health in emerging adult sexual minority men of color.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Raquel Ramos
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - David T. Lardier
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Rueben C. Warren
- National Center for Bioethics in Research and Health Care, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA;
| | - Melba Cherian
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Sarwat Siddiqui
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Trace Kershaw
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Kozak M, Dabrowska-Zamojcin E, Mazurek-Mochol M, Pawlik A. Cytokines and Their Genetic Polymorphisms Related to Periodontal Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E4045. [PMID: 33327639 PMCID: PMC7765090 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque biofilm on the teeth and the host immune responses. PD pathogenesis is complex and includes genetic, environmental, and autoimmune factors. Numerous studies have suggested that the connection of genetic and environmental factors induces the disease process leading to a response by both T cells and B cells and the increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines. Many studies have shown that pro-inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PD. The studies have also indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes may be associated with risk and severity of PD. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of selected cytokines and their gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kozak
- Chair and Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Dabrowska-Zamojcin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Mazurek-Mochol
- Department of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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12
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Çetinkaya H, Romaniuk P. Relationship between consumption of soft and alcoholic drinks and oral health problems. Cent Eur J Public Health 2020; 28:94-102. [PMID: 32592551 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral health can affect quality of life in all course of life, which is a key factor of general health. Dental caries, periodontitis and oral cancer are of the highest burden of oral diseases. Rising prevalence of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages consumption due to easy access and socio-demographic altering has increased the concerns on oral health. In this review our purpose was to show effects of the most consumed beverages on oral health in people older than 15 years. METHODS The review was based on papers published in last 10 years, searched with combined key words related to types of drinks and specific oral health problems. We included 4 older studies due to lack of newer studies on subjected topics. RESULTS Sugar-free soft drinks are found less cariogenic and erosive than regular versions in limited number of studies. Alcohol consumption is shown as one of the risk factors of prevalence and severity of periodontitis and is proven to have synergistic effects along with tobacco on oral cancer risk. Consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages was related with tooth loss whether dental caries or periodontal diseases. CONCLUSION There is good evidence for association between soft drinks and oral health problems, but still no clear answer exists about strength of association between sugar-free soft drinks and dental caries. Also the knowledge about influence of alcohol is inadequate. Since consuming style affects erosive potential of drinks manufacturers should be required to add some recommendations on labels about drinking style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Çetinkaya
- Department of Health Policy, School of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Piotr Romaniuk
- Department of Health Policy, School of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
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13
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Baum SH, Ha-Phuoc AK, Mohr C. Treatment of odontogenic abscesses: comparison of primary and secondary removal of the odontogenic focus and antibiotic therapy. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 24:163-172. [PMID: 32162130 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-020-00835-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the time of removal of the odontogenic focus, antibiotic therapy and risk factors in odontogenic abscesses. PATIENTS From January 2012 to December 2015, inpatients undergoing incision due to odontogenic abscesses were identified in a retrospective study. All the patients were evaluated for time of removal of the odontogenic focus, antibiotic therapy, germ spectrum, complications and risk factors. RESULTS Two hundred ten patients completed the study. In 89 cases (42.4%), the odontogenic focus was removed as part of the abscess treatment (group A). In 121 cases (57.6%), the focus was secondarily removed (group B). On average, 2 ± 4 teeth were removed in group A, and 6 ± 5 teeth in group B (p < 0.0001). An average of 1.2 ± 0.4 surgical interventions were performed in group A, and 2 ± 0.2 operations in group B (p < 0.0001). Microbiological examination was positive in one-third of the cases (70 cases). Most commonly, streptococci (27%) were isolated. A resistance screening was possible in 57 of the detected germs (68.7%). In 89% of these patients, the combination of ampicillin-sulbactam was effective. The hospital stay was 4.8 ± 2 days for group A and 7.6 ± 3 days for group B (p < 0.0001). The clinical evaluation revealed 12 intermediate (5.7%) and three long-term (1.4%) complications. The long-term complications included a recurrence in two cases (1%) and an osteomyelitis in one case (0.5%). A logistic regression analysis identified no significant risk factor in relation to these complications. CONCLUSION The study shows that a primary removal of the odontogenic focus may have advantages over a secondary removal: (1) fewer operations, (2) shorter hospital stay and (3) shorter antibiotic therapy. Broad-spectrum penicillins in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors are a possible, sufficient antibiotic regimen. Long-term complications are rare. No risk factors are identified in relation to these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Holger Baum
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Kliniken-Essen-Mitte, Henricistr. 92, 45136, Essen, Germany.
| | - An-Khoa Ha-Phuoc
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Kliniken-Essen-Mitte, Henricistr. 92, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Mohr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Kliniken-Essen-Mitte, Henricistr. 92, 45136, Essen, Germany
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14
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Hierarchizing caries risk factors among first-year university students in Nice (France): a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:159. [PMID: 29268726 PMCID: PMC5740936 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to rank the risk factors for dental caries among first-year university students in Nice (France). METHODS All first-year students are required to undergo a compulsory preventive medical examination. Among these students, volunteers were offered a dental visit. Information was collected through an interview followed by an oral examination. We assessed the volunteers' oral hygiene habits (daily toothbrushing frequency, type of toothbrush used, frequency of toothbrush replacement, place of toothpaste purchase, and flossing), daily health-related behaviors (number of main daily meals, daily sugary intakes, smoking, alcohol consumption, consumption of cannabis or other drugs), oral-health-related behaviors (self-reported oral health, dental visits during the past year, reason for the last dental consultation, and failure to seek dental care due to financial reasons), and oral health issues (dental crowding, oral hygiene, presence of caries, presence of pit and fissure sealant remnants). The dependent variable was the presence of at least one untreated carious lesion. The data were subjected to univariate analyses to select explanatory variables, and subsequently, a logistic regression was performed. RESULTS Six hundred twenty-nine students aged 18.8±1.6 years were enrolled in this study. The sex ratio was 0.72, with a strong predominance of the female gender. Only 59.3% of the students had never experienced dental caries, while 22.4% had already undergone restorative procedures and did not have any carious lesion at the time of the examination, and 11.6% presented with carious lesions and had never been treated by a dentist. Lastly, 6.7% had carious lesions despite evidence of prior restorative procedures. The multivariate analysis revealed the following pejorative risk factors: failure to seek dental care due to financial reasons (OR:3.06, 95% CI: 1.40-6.70), poor oral hygiene revealed during the oral examination (OR:2.59, 95% CI: 1.60-4.20), and poor self-reported oral health (OR:2.43, 95% CI: 1.24-4.77). Conversely, the analysis revealed the following protective factors: preventive visits to the dentist (OR:0.63, 95% CI: 0.41-0.99), the use of an electric toothbrush (OR:0.36, 95% CI: 0.17-0.77), and sealant remnants (OR:0.22, 95% CI: 0.05-0.97). CONCLUSIONS The highest-ranking caries risk factor for the study population was the financial barrier.
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