1
|
Ricordel C, Chaillot L, Vlachavas EI, Logotheti M, Jouannic A, Desvallees T, Lecuyer G, Aubry M, Kontogianni G, Mastrokalou C, Jouan F, Jarry U, Corre R, Le Guen Y, Guillaudeux T, Lena H, Chatziioannou A, Pedeux R. Genomic characteristics and clinical significance of CD56+ circulating tumor cells in small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3626. [PMID: 36869231 PMCID: PMC9984363 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) have been studied in various solid tumors but clinical utility of CTC in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unclear. The aim of the CTC-CPC study was to develop an EpCAM-independent CTC isolation method allowing isolation of a broader range of living CTC from SCLC and decipher their genomic and biological characteristics. CTC-CPC is a monocentric prospective non-interventional study including treatment-naïve newly diagnosed SCLC. CD56+ CTC were isolated from whole blood samples, at diagnosis and relapse after first-line treatment and submitted to whole-exome-sequencing (WES). Phenotypic study confirms tumor lineage and tumorigenic properties of isolated cells for the 4 patients analyzed with WES. WES of CD56+ CTC and matched tumor biopsy reveal genomic alteration frequently impaired in SCLC. At diagnosis CD56+ CTC were characterized by a high mutation load, a distinct mutational profile and a unique genomic signature, compared to match tumors biopsies. In addition to classical pathways altered in SCLC, we found new biological processes specifically affected in CD56+ CTC at diagnosis. High numeration of CD56+ CTC (> 7/ml) at diagnosis was associated with ES-SCLC. Comparing CD56+ CTC isolated at diagnosis and relapse, we identify differentially altered oncogenic pathways (e.g. DLL3 or MAPK pathway). We report a versatile method of CD56+ CTC detection in SCLC. Numeration of CD56+ CTC at diagnosis is correlated with disease extension. Isolated CD56+ CTC are tumorigenic and show a distinct mutational profile. We report a minimal gene set as a unique signature of CD56+ CTC and identify new affected biological pathways enriched in EpCAM-independent isolated CTC in SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Ricordel
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France.
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU Rennes, 2 Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France.
| | - L Chaillot
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - E I Vlachavas
- e-NIOS PC, Kallithea-Athens, Greece
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis (B050), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - A Jouannic
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - T Desvallees
- CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, Oncotrial, Univ Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
- Unité De Pharmacologie Préclinique, Biotrial Pharmacology, Rennes, France
| | - G Lecuyer
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - M Aubry
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - G Kontogianni
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | | | - F Jouan
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - U Jarry
- CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, Oncotrial, Univ Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
- Unité De Pharmacologie Préclinique, Biotrial Pharmacology, Rennes, France
| | - R Corre
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU Rennes, 2 Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Y Le Guen
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU Rennes, 2 Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - T Guillaudeux
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
- CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, Oncotrial, Univ Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - H Lena
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU Rennes, 2 Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - A Chatziioannou
- e-NIOS PC, Kallithea-Athens, Greece
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Rémy Pedeux
- INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, Univ Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France.
- CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, Oncotrial, Univ Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France.
- CLCC Eugène Marquis, INSERM U1242-OSS, Université Rennes 1, Rue Bataille Flandres Dunkerque, 35042, Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ricordel C, Chaillot L, Vlachavas EI, Logotheti M, Desvallees T, Aubry M, Kontogianni G, Mastrokalou C, Jouan F, Jarry U, Guillaudeux T, Léna H, Chatziioannou A, Pedeux R. EP16.02-004 Clinical Significance and Genomic Characteristics of CD56+ Circulating Tumor Cells in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
3
|
Abu-Toamih Atamni HJ, Kontogianni G, Binenbaum I, Mott R, Himmelbauer H, Lehrach H, Chatziioannou A, Iraqi FA. Hepatic gene expression variations in response to high-fat diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance using RNAseq analysis in collaborative cross mouse population. Mamm Genome 2019; 30:260-275. [PMID: 31650267 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-019-09816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic gene expression is known to differ between healthy and type 2 diabetes conditions. Identifying these variations will provide better knowledge to the development of gene-targeted therapies. The aim of this study is to assess diet-induced hepatic gene expression of susceptible versus resistant CC lines to T2D development. Next-generation RNA-sequencing was performed for 84 livers of diabetic and non-diabetic mice of 41 different CC lines (both sexes) following 12 weeks on high-fat diet (42% fat). Data analysis revealed significant variations of hepatic gene expression in diabetic versus non-diabetic mice with significant sex effect, where 601 genes were differentially expressed (DE) in overall population (males and females), 718 genes in female mice, and 599 genes in male mice. Top prioritized DE candidate genes were Lepr, Ins2, Mb, Ckm, Mrap2, and Ckmt2 for the overall population; for females-only group were Hdc, Serpina12, Socs1, Socs2, and Mb, while for males-only group were Serpine1, Mb, Ren1, Slc4a1, and Atp2a1. Data analysis for sex differences revealed 193 DE genes in health (Top: Lepr, Cav1, Socs2, Abcg2, and Col5a3), and 389 genes DE between diabetic females versus males (Top: Lepr, Clps, Ins2, Cav1, and Mrap2). Furthermore, integrating gene expression results with previously published QTL, we identified significant variants mapped at chromosomes at positions 36-49 Mb, 62-71 Mb, and 79-99 Mb, on chromosomes 9, 11, and 12, respectively. Our findings emphasize the complexity of T2D development and that significantly controlled by host complex genetic factors. As well, we demonstrate the significant sex differences between males and females during health and increasing to extent levels during disease/diabetes. Altogether, opening the venue for further studies targets the discovery of effective sex-specific and personalized preventions and therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Abu-Toamih Atamni
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Kontogianni
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - I Binenbaum
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - R Mott
- Department of Genetics, University College of London, London, UK
| | - H Himmelbauer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - H Lehrach
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Chatziioannou
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,e-NIOS Applications PC, 17671, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Fuad A Iraqi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Malagari K, Moschouris H, Kiakidis T, Harward S, Kelekis A, Vrakas S, Koundouras D, Filipiadis D, Glantzounis G, Emmanouil E, Chatziioannou A, Vergadis V, Elefsiniotis I, Koskinas J, Dourakis S, Kelekis N. Five-Years Outcome Analysis of 142 Consecutive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Doxorubicin Eluting Microspheres 30-60 μm: Results from a Single-Centre Prospective Phase II Trial. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2019; 42:1551-1562. [PMID: 31321482 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-019-02260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess prospectively long-term results of doxorubicin-loaded HepaSphere 30-60 μm in consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) not amenable to curative treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS Single-center study from June 2011 to December 2015 in 151 patients treated with 75 mg of doxorubicin per HepaSphere vial. Baseline: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer BCLC A/B was 49.3%/50.7%, and median diameter 6.1 cm (mean 6.7 ± 2.0). Liver function, local response (mRECIST), liver time to progression (LTTP), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events (AEs) were recorded. RESULTS Final analysis included 142 patients with median follow-up of 46.8 months (range 4-72) without grade 4/5 AEs, and 30-day mortality was 0%. Mean number of scheduled treatments was 2.6 (range 1-3) and on demand 3 (range 1-8). Complete response for single tumor ≤ 5 cm was 75.0% and 66.7% for Child A and Child B, while for > 5 cm was 28.6% and 11.8%, respectively. OS was 31.0 months (mean 33.3 ± 15.2; range 8-69), notably for BCLC A 41 months (mean 41.1 ± 15.3; range 13-69) and for BCLC B 26.0 (mean 26.0 ± 10.5; range 8-51). OS at 1, 3 and 5 years: 95.8%, 75.7% and 21.4% for BCLC A, and 94.4%, 36.1% and 2.7% for BCLC B. Median LTTP for BCLC A was 11 months (mean 11.9 ± 4.7; range 3-24) and 7.5 for BCLC B (mean 7.9 ± 2.9). Local response was significant for OS and LTTP (p < 0.0001), while size and lesion number affected LPFS and OS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS HepaSphere 30-60 μm loaded with doxorubicin provides a safe and effective treatment option for patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Malagari
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 19 Monis Kyccou, 15669, Papagou, Athens, Greece. .,Attikon Hospital, Chaidari, Greece. .,Evgenidion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - H Moschouris
- Radiology Department of Tzanion General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Th Kiakidis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 19 Monis Kyccou, 15669, Papagou, Athens, Greece.,Evgenidion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - S Harward
- University of Massachusets Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - A Kelekis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 19 Monis Kyccou, 15669, Papagou, Athens, Greece.,Attikon Hospital, Chaidari, Greece.,Evgenidion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - S Vrakas
- Tzanion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - D Koundouras
- 2nd Clinic of Medicine and Hepatology Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Athens Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - D Filipiadis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 19 Monis Kyccou, 15669, Papagou, Athens, Greece.,Attikon Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - G Glantzounis
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina (UOI), Ioannina, Greece
| | - E Emmanouil
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 19 Monis Kyccou, 15669, Papagou, Athens, Greece.,Evgenidion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A Chatziioannou
- Evgenidion Hospital, Athens, Greece.,1st Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - V Vergadis
- Radiology Department of Laikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - I Elefsiniotis
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Agioi Anargyroi General and Oncology Hospital of Kifissia Hospital Timiou Stavrou and Noufaron, Kalyftaki, Athens, Greece
| | - J Koskinas
- 2nd Clinic of Medicine and Hepatology Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Athens Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - S Dourakis
- 2nd Clinic of Medicine and Hepatology Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Athens Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - N Kelekis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 19 Monis Kyccou, 15669, Papagou, Athens, Greece.,Attikon Hospital, Chaidari, Greece.,Evgenidion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Valenciaga Y, Prout D, Chatziioannou A. SU-C-201-01: Investigation of the Effects of Scintillator Surface Treatment On Light Output Measurements with SiPM Detectors. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4923839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
6
|
Berry-Pusey BN, Chang YC, Prince SW, Chu K, David J, Taschereau R, Silverman RW, Williams D, Ladno W, Stout D, Tsao TC, Chatziioannou A. A semi-automated vascular access system for preclinical models. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:5351-62. [PMID: 23877111 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/16/5351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Murine models are used extensively in biological and translational research. For many of these studies it is necessary to access the vasculature for the injection of biologically active agents. Among the possible methods for accessing the mouse vasculature, tail vein injections are a routine but critical step for many experimental protocols. To perform successful tail vein injections, a high skill set and experience is required, leaving most scientists ill-suited to perform this task. This can lead to a high variability between injections, which can impact experimental results. To allow more scientists to perform tail vein injections and to decrease the variability between injections, a vascular access system (VAS) that semi-automatically inserts a needle into the tail vein of a mouse was developed. The VAS uses near infrared light, image processing techniques, computer controlled motors, and a pressure feedback system to insert the needle and to validate its proper placement within the vein. The VAS was tested by injecting a commonly used radiolabeled probe (FDG) into the tail veins of five mice. These mice were then imaged using micro-positron emission tomography to measure the percentage of the injected probe remaining in the tail. These studies showed that, on average, the VAS leaves 3.4% of the injected probe in the tail. With these preliminary results, the VAS system demonstrates the potential for improving the accuracy of tail vein injections in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B N Berry-Pusey
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging at UCLA, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Goudas T, Doukas C, Chatziioannou A, Maglogiannis I. A collaborative biomedical image mining framework: application on the image analysis of microscopic kidney biopsies. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2012; 17:82-91. [PMID: 23076078 DOI: 10.1109/titb.2012.2224666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The analysis and characterization of biomedical image data is a complex procedure involving several processing phases, like data acquisition, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. The proper combination and parameterization of the utilized methods are heavily relying on the given image data set and experiment type. They may thus necessitate advanced image processing and classification knowledge and skills from the side of the biomedical expert. In this work, an application, exploiting web services and applying ontological modeling, is presented, to enable the intelligent creation of image mining workflows. The described tool can be directly integrated to the RapidMiner, Taverna or similar workflow management platforms. A case study dealing with the creation of a sample workflow for the analysis of kidney biopsy microscopy images is presented to demonstrate the functionality of the proposed framework.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chatziioannou A, Dalakidis A, Katsenis K, Koutoulidis V, Mourikis D. Intra-arterial prostaglandin e(1) infusion in patients with rest pain: short-term results. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:803678. [PMID: 22489203 PMCID: PMC3319988 DOI: 10.1100/2012/803678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To present our results after short-term (1 month) intra-arterial infusion therapy of PGE1-alprostadil via a port system implanted in the ipsilateral external iliac artery (EIA) in patients with severe rest pain. Methods. Ten patients with severe rest pain were included. All patients showed extensive peripheral vascular disease below the knee. The tip of the catheter was introduced via a retrograde puncture in the ipsilateral external iliac artery (EIA). The patients received intraarterial infusion of PGE1, 20 mgr alprostadil daily, via the port catheter for 1 month. Results. Clinical success was evaluated according to subjective grading of pain (group A significant decrease, group B moderate decrease and group C no response). A significant decrease of rest pain was observed in 8 (group A, 80%) patients, a moderate decrease in 2 (Group B, 20%), whereas no patients demonstrated any significant response. Both patients of group B had Buergers' disease and continue to smoke during therapy. No peripheral thrombosis or clinical deterioration was noticed. Conclusion. Intraarterial infusion of PGE1 alprostadil on a daily basis, using a port catheter into the ipsilateral EIA, in selected patients with severe rest pain, seems to be very effective, without any serious complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Aretaieion Hospital, University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chatziioannou A, Gargas D, Malagari K, Kornezos I, Ioannidis I, Primetis E, Moschouris H, Gouliamos A, Mourikis D. Transcatheter arterial embolization as therapy of renal angiomyolipomas: the evolution in 15 years of experience. Eur J Radiol 2011; 81:2308-12. [PMID: 21708442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims at presenting the evolution of the embolization technique in treating renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) either diagnosed in patients with acute bleeding or discovered accidentally. METHODS Ten patients with renal AMLs have been through thirteen selective transcatheter arterial embolizations for 15 years. Two patients had tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) with bilateral tumors and were embolized twice. Four embolic materials were employed: PVA particles, Gianturco coils, microspheres and microcoils. Catheterization was achieved by means of 5F Cobra 2 catheters and coaxial microcatheter systems. RESULTS On an emergency basis, embolization was a first-line treatment. In one case, surgery was necessary; in two patients, a second embolization was performed. When treatment was preventive, a single embolization proved to be sufficient, as well. There was no significant deterioration of the serum creatinine levels in the post-embolization period. CONCLUSION Selective arterial embolization is a rather safe and effective technique to treat AMLs both urgently and preventively. Different embolic materials can be employed. Microspheres and microcatheters stand for new promising materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, Radiology Department, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Moutselos K, Maglogiannis I, Chatziioannou A. Delineation and interpretation of gene networks towards their effect in cellular physiology- a reverse engineering approach for the identification of critical molecular players, through the use of ontologies. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2010:6709-12. [PMID: 21096082 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5626249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Exploiting ontologies, provides clues regarding the involvement of certain molecular processes in the cellular phenotypic manifestation. However, identifying individual molecular actors (genes, proteins, etc.) for targeted biological validation in a generic, prioritized, fashion, based in objective measures of their effects in the cellular physiology, remains a challenge. In this work, a new meta-analysis algorithm is proposed for the holistic interpretation of the information captured in -omic experiments, that is showcased in a transcriptomic, dynamic, DNA microarray dataset, which examines the effect of mastic oil treatment in Lewis lung carcinoma cells. Through the use of the Gene Ontology this algorithm relates genes to specific cellular pathways and vice versa in order to further reverse engineer the critical role of specific genes, starting from the results of various statistical enrichment analyses. The algorithm is able to discriminate candidate hub-genes, implying critical biochemical cross-talk. Moreover, performance measures of the algorithm are derived, when evaluated with respect to the differential expression gene list of the dataset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Moutselos
- Department of Informatics with Applications in Biomedicine, University of Central Greece, Papasiopoulou 2-4, 35100, Lamia, Greece.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cong A, Cong W, Shen H, Wang G, Lu Y, Chatziioannou A. OPTICAL PROPERTY CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON A PHASE FUNCTION APPROXIMATION MODEL. Proc IEEE Int Symp Biomed Imaging 2009:446-449. [PMID: 20428254 PMCID: PMC2860303 DOI: 10.1109/isbi.2009.5193080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we generalized the Delta-Eddington phase function and applied it to the radiative transfer equation for modeling the photon propagation in biological tissue. The resultant phase approximation model was shown to be highly accurate with a wide range of optical properties, including the strongly absorbing and weakly scattering media. In this paper, we propose phase-approximation-based method for estimating the optical parameters. Specifically, we design an iterative algorithm to take advantage of both the global search ability of the differential evolution algorithm and the efficiency of the conjugate gradient method. Then, we demonstrate the feasibility and merits of the proposed method in both numerical simulation and phantom experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Cong
- VT-WFU School of Biomedical Eng & Sci, Virginia Tech
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chatziioannou A. TU-D-303A-01: Imaging Technologies - From Cells to Humans. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
13
|
Fahimian B, Miao J, Chatziioannou A, DeMarco J. MO-D-332-06: Dose Reduction in CT Using a Novel Fourier-Based Iterative Reconstruction Method. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
14
|
Tenta R, Katopodis H, Chatziioannou A, Pilalis E, Calvo E, Luu-The V, Labrie F, Kolisis F, Koutsilieris M. Microarray analysis of survival pathways in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2007; 4:309-18. [PMID: 17878531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), act as survival factors inhibiting chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS To study the intracellular pathways activated by these survival factors we performed a comparative genomic analysis using oligonucleotide microarray chips. A validation by real time-PCR was also performed for the genes of interest. RESULTS The expression data derived were analysed using various normalization algorithms. The differentially expressed genes were clustered and their ontological annotations were statistically tested to provide evidence for possible deregulated biological processes on the action of the aforementioned survival factors. Emphasis was given on the regulation and the role of the genes AKR1C1, SDPR and GADD45B in the survival pathways of prostate cancer cells, whose expression was also validated by real time-PCR. CONCLUSION The overall analyses reveal an overrepresentation of differentially expressed genes related to cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation, lipid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Tenta
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The authors present 7 patients who suffered iliac artery rupture over a 2 year period. In 5 patients, the rupture was iatrogenic: 4 cases were secondary to balloon angioplasty for iliac artery stenosis and 1 occurred during coronary angioplasty. In the last 2 patients, the rupture was secondary to iliac artery mycotic aneurysm. Direct placement of a stent-graft was performed in all cases, which was dilated until extravasation was controlled. Placement of the stent-graft was successful in all the cases, without any complications. The techniques used, results, and mid-term follow-up are presented. In conclusion, endovascular placement of a stent-graft is a quick, minimally invasive, efficient, and safe method for emergency treatment of acute iliac artery rupture, with satisfactory short- and mid-term results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Radiology Department, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kavantzas N, Chatziioannou A, Yanni AE, Tsakayannis D, Balafoutas D, Agrogiannis G, Perrea D. Effect of green tea on angiogenesis and severity of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbit. Vascul Pharmacol 2006; 44:461-3. [PMID: 16697267 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2006.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Since the development of the atherosclerotic plaque requires the growth of new microvessels in the plaque itself (vasa vasorum), we postulated that green tea may exert an anti-atherogenic effect. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirteen male New Zealand white rabbits were studied for 17 weeks. All rabbits were fed an hypecholesterolemic diet. After 2 weeks of adaptation rabbits were randomly assigned into two groups. Animals in Group A were fed the hypercholesterolemic diet and received plain tap water ad libitum. Animals in Group B were fed with the same diet and furthermore received 2.5% (g/g) green tea for 17 weeks. CONCLUSION According to our results the atherosclerotic lesions were more severe in Group B than in Group A specimens. Also, the number of VEGF positively stained foam cells and smooth muscle cells of Group B were significantly greater than in Group A. About 30% less plaque was found in Group A than in the control group (Group B). So, our study showed that the consumption of green tea leads to a reduction of atherosclerosis as well as a significant decrease of VEGF expression in the atherosclerotic plaque of rabbit aorta. The hypothesis that probably green tea may produce its anti-atherogenetic effect through an anti-angiogenetic mechanism needs more investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Kavantzas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str. Goudi-Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koutoulidis V, Chatziioannou A, Kostopoulos C, Kontogiannis S, Skiadas V, Mourikis D, Vlahos L. Primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a unique presentation with multiple visceral aneurysms. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 64:1793-4. [PMID: 16284347 PMCID: PMC1755324 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2004.034975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
18
|
Abstract
The design of an imaging system capable of detecting both high-energy γ-rays and optical wavelength photons is underway at the Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging. This system will noninvasively image small animal models in vivo for the presence of positron emission tomographic (PET) and optical signals. The detector will consist of modules of multichannel photomultiplier tubes (MC-PMT) coupled to arrays of scintillator crystals. The MC-PMT will detect both the photons produced due to bioluminescence and the photons generated by the interaction of γ-rays within the crystals. The long wavelength photons produced through bioluminescence are only slightly attenuated by these crystals and are detected directly at the photocathode of the MC-PMT, resulting in signals of small (5-10 mV) short (~15 ns) pulses. In contrast, annihilation (511 keV) γ-rays interacting in the scintillator crystal send large bursts of photons to the PMT, and result in pulses that can be as large as 500 mV and > 200 ns duration. The processing of pulses with such different characteristics in a single circuit requires significant alteration of the standard pulse processing circuitry used in PET scanners. In this paper, we discuss the requirements of such a circuit and show the results of implementation of one design using single and multiple channel PMTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Prout
- The authors are with the Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging at the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA (e-mail: ; ; )
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chatziioannou A, Mourikis D, Kalaboukas K, Ladopoulos C, Magoufis G, Primetis E, Katsenis K, Vlahos L. Endovascular Treatment of Renal Arteriovenous Malformations. Urol Int 2005; 74:89-91. [PMID: 15711117 DOI: 10.1159/000082716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2003] [Accepted: 06/27/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of renal arteriovenous malformation treated with superselective endovascular embolization using a light mixture of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and Lipiodol. Diagnostic imaging modalities and treatment methods are discussed. In conclusion, successful superselective embolization should be the standard of care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Radiology, University of Athens, Areteion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chatziioannou A, Brountzos E, Primetis E, Malagari K, Sofocleous C, Mourikis D, Kelekis D. Effects of Superselective Embolization for Renal Vascular Injuries on Renal Parenchyma and Function. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2004; 28:201-6. [PMID: 15234702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our objective was to evaluate the outcome of superselective embolization used for treatment of renal vascular injuries on renal parenchyma and renal function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 1999 and December 2001, 6 consecutive patients (five males, one female, mean age 45 years) underwent embolization to treat bleeding from renal vascular injuries, resulting from iatrogenic interventions (4) and blunt abdominal trauma (2). Five patients had increased serum creatinine. Angiography depicted a pseudoaneurysm (PA) in three, PA with arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in one, and active extravasation in two patients. Superselective catheterization was achieved using a 5-F catheter in three, and coaxial microcatheter in the remaining three cases. All lesions were successfully embolized with 0.035" or 0.018" coils. RESULTS Bleeding was ceased in all patients and did not recur. Mean post-embolization parenchymal ischemic area was 11.7% (range: 0-30%). Imaging follow-up (mean: 12 months, range: 5-23) showed that mean parenchymal infarcted area was 6% (range: 0-15%). Serum creatinine level was normal in all patients one week after the procedure and at the latest follow-up. CONCLUSION Superselective embolization resulted in permanent cessation of bleeding. Serious parenchymal infarction was prevented and serum creatinine level returned to the pre-bleeding values. Embolization should be considered as the treatment of choice in this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- First Department of Radiology, Medical School, Areteion Hospital, Athens University, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
The design of an imaging system capable of detecting both high-energy γ-rays and optical wavelength photons is underway at the UCLA Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging. This system, which we call optical PET (OPET), will be capable of non-invasively and repeatedly imaging small animal models in vivo for the presence of PET and optical signals. In this study, we describe the physical principles behind the operation of the OPET imaging system and discuss the design concept for one of the detector modules. Additionally, we demonstrate the operation of an initial prototype detector module for simultaneous detection and imaging of annihilation radiation and single optical photons emanating from separate sources. These results indicate that the construction of an imaging system based on this detector technology is feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Prout
- The authors are with the Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging at the Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA (e-mail: ; ; )
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chatziioannou A, Ladopoulos C, Mourikis D, Katsenis K, Spanomihos G, Vlachos L. Complications of Lower-Extremity Outpatient Arteriography via Low Brachial Artery. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2003; 27:31-4. [PMID: 15109225 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-003-0042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively evaluated low brachial artery puncture for arteriography and its complications as an alternative approach route for bilateral lower extremity run-off. Using the Seldinger technique and catheterization with a sheathless 4-F multiple side-hole pigtail catheter, we performed 2250 low brachial artery punctures in outpatients. The right brachial artery (RBA) was successfully punctured in 2039 patients; the left brachial artery (LBA) in 200. The transfemoral approach was used in 11 patients when catheterizing either of brachial arteries failed. Ten major or moderate complications (2 pseudoaneurysms, 2 thrombosis, 1 dissection and 5 hematomas) were encountered. Surgical intervention was necessary in three cases. There were no transient ischemic attacks. Twenty-one patients suffered temporary loss of radial pulse which returned spontaneously in less than 1 hour. One patient demonstrated prolonged loss of pulse which required heparin. Low brachial artery puncture and catheterization at the antecubital fossa is a very safe and cost-effective alternative to the femoral artery approach for lower extremity intra-arterial arteriography in the hands of experienced operators. The success rate in catheterizing one of the brachial arteries was 99.52% with a low significant complications rate of 0.44%. The transbrachial approach should be used as a standard method for lower extremity IA-DSA in an outpatient setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chatziioannou A, Alexopoulos T, Mourikis D, Dardoufas K, Katsenis K, Lazarou S, Koutoulidis V, Ladopoulos C, Vlachos L. Stent therapy for malignant superior vena cava syndrome: should be first line therapy or simple adjunct to radiotherapy. Eur J Radiol 2003; 47:247-50. [PMID: 12927670 DOI: 10.1016/s0720-048x(02)00207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The goal of this paper is to present our experience with superior vena cava (SVC) stenting, as first line procedure for immediate relief, in patients with malignancy, and its potential influence in the subsequent radiotherapy (XRT). Over a 1-year period, 18 patients with SVC syndrome due to severe stenosis secondary to mediastinal malignancy were referred for stent insertion. A SVC score was used to measure treatment effectiveness. Stent insertion had been successful in 18/18 patients (technical success 100%). All patients experienced symptomatic relief within few hours of the procedure. There were no major complications. In all patients we were able to start radiotherapy (XRT) the next day, after stenting according to our new institutional protocol. All patients were able to comply with the XRT program, perfectly well. CONCLUSIONS SVC stenting provides immediate significant relief of the very annoying SVC syndrome symptoms, thus facilitating excellent compliance of all the patients to the subsequently XRT protocols. We strongly recommend SVC stenting as first line procedure, in patients with SVC syndrome due to malignancy prior to radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, 76 Vas Sofias, Athens, GR 10676, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Stefanidou M, Alevisopoulos G, Chatziioannou A, Koutselinis A. Assessing food additive toxicity using a cell model. Vet Hum Toxicol 2003; 45:103-5. [PMID: 12678300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Food additives are widely used for technological purposes and their presence is often substantial daily diet. They have also been accused forvarious toxic reactions in humans. The toxicity of the food color tartrazine, the preservatives sodium nitrate and sodium benzoate, and the antioxidant BHT, was studied using the protozoan Tetrahymenapyriformis as a toxicological model. The 4 food additives were added to Tetrahymena cultures and DNA content of the protozoan nuclei measured by an image analysis system. These food additives caused a statistically significant increase in DNA content suggesting stimulation of the mitotic process. This system may contribute to the investigation of the cellular action of food additives, since mitogenic stimuli substantially alter susceptibility to chemical carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Stefanidou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Athens 75, M Asias Street, Goudi, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
We describe a method for normalization in 3D PET for use with maximum a posteriori (MAP) or other iterative model-based image reconstruction methods. This approach is an extension of previous factored normalization methods in which we include separate factors for detector sensitivity, geometric response, block effects and deadtime. Since our MAP reconstruction approach already models some of the geometric factors in the forward projection, the normalization factors must be modified to account only for effects not already included in the model. We describe a maximum likelihood approach to joint estimation of the count-rate independent normalization factors, which we apply to data from a uniform cylindrical source. We then compute block-wise and block-profile deadtime correction factors using singles and coincidence data, respectively, from a multiframe cylindrical source. We have applied this method for reconstruction of data from the Concorde microPET P4 scanner. Quantitative evaluation of this method using well-counter measurements of activity in a multicompartment phantom compares favourably with normalization based directly on cylindrical source measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Bai
- Signal and Image Processing Institute, 3740 McClintock Avenue EEB400, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Agroyannis B, Chatziioannou A, Mourikis D, Patsakis N, Katsenis K, Kalliafas S, Dimakakos P, Vlachos L. Abdominal aortic aneurysm and renal artery stenosis: renal function and blood pressure before and after endovascular treatment. J Hum Hypertens 2002; 16:367-9. [PMID: 12082500 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2001] [Revised: 10/30/2001] [Accepted: 10/30/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We describe three patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and renal artery stenosis (RAS). These patients were treated by placement of an aortic endograft and angioplasty or stenting of the renal artery. After the procedure renal function improved or remained stable in two patients and deteriorated slightly in one. Blood pressure was reduced in one hypertensive patient and remained normal in the other two normotensive patients. In conclusion, simultaneous treatment of AAA and RAS with aortic endograft placement and renal artery angioplasty with or without stent, is a safe and effective technique for selected high-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Agroyannis
- Department of Nephrology, Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Aretaieon University Hospital, Athens Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chatziioannou A, Mourikis D, Agroyannis B, Katsenis K, Pneumaticos S, Antoniou A, Dimakakos P, Vlachos L. Renal artery stenting for renal insufficiency in solitary kidney in 26 patients. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2002; 23:49-54. [PMID: 11748948 DOI: 10.1053/ejvs.2001.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to present our experience with stent placement in renal arteries in solitary kidneys for treating renal insufficiency. DESIGN retrospective analysis. MATERIALS in 26 patients with solitary kidney (17 men, 9 women, mean age: 63 years), presented with renal insufficiency (se-creat >0.144 mmol/l), stent was placed in a stenosed renal artery. We analysed the clinical outcome, based on the level of creatinine at 3 months following the procedure. Clinical benefit was considered when there was a decrease compared to the baseline creatinine by >20% or a stabilisation of the creatinine value (+/-20% of the baseline). RESULTS in 16 of the 26 patients (62%), clinical benefit was achieved. However, 38% of the study population, renal function continued to deteriorate. Baseline creatinine value was the single best predictor for clinical benefit achievement (odds ratio: 13; 95% confidence intervals: 1.6-107, p=0.01). CONCLUSION renal stenting results in improvement or stabilisation of renal function in the majority of the patients with solitary kidneys and renal artery stenosis, presenting with renal insufficiency. Because best outcome was observed mainly in those patients with not progressed renal insufficiency, intervention should be focused on that group.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
We are currently developing a small animal positron emission tomography (PET) scanner with a design goal of 1 microlitre (1 mm3) image resolution. The detectors consist of a 12 x 12 array of 1 x 1 x 10 mm lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillator crystals coupled to a 64-channel photomultiplier tube (PMT) via 5 cm long optical fibre bundles. The optical fibre connection allows a high detector packing fraction despite the dead space surrounding the active region of the PMT. Optical fibre bundles made from different types of glass were tested for light transmission, and also their effects on crystal identification and energy resolution, and compared to direct coupling of the LSO arrays to the PMTs. We also investigated the effects of extramural absorber (EMA) in the fibre bundles. Based on these results, fibre bundles manufactured from F2 glass were selected. We built three pairs of prototype detectors (directly coupled LSO array, fibre bundle without EMA and fibre bundle with EMA) and measured flood histograms, energy resolution, intrinsic spatial resolution and timing resolution. The results demonstrated an intrinsic spatial resolution (FWHM) of 1.12 mm (directly coupled), 1.23 mm (fibre bundle without EMA coupling) and 1.27 mm (fibre bundle with EMA coupling) using an approximately 500 microm diameter Na-22 point source. Using a 330 microm outer diameter steel needle line source filled with F-18, spatial resolution for the detector with the EMA optical fibre bundle improved to 1.05 mm. The respective timing and energy FWHM values were 1.96 ns, 21% (directly coupled), 2.20 ns, 23% (fibre bundle without EMA) and 2.99 ns, 30% (fibre bundle with EMA). The peak-to-valley ratio in the flood histograms was better with EMA (5:1) compared to the optical fibre bundle without EMA (2.5:1), due to the decreased optical cross-talk. In comparison to the detectors used in our current generation microPET scanner, these detectors substantially improve on the spatial resolution, preserve the timing resolution and provide adequate energy resolution for a modern high-resolution animal PET tomograph.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1770, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chatziioannou A, Kehagias D, Mourikis D, Antoniou A, Limouris G, Kaponis A, Kavatzas N, Tseleni S, Vlachos L. Imaging and localization of pancreatic insulinomas. Clin Imaging 2001; 25:275-83. [PMID: 11566091 DOI: 10.1016/s0899-7071(01)00290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For pancreatic insulinomas, the treatment of choice is surgical excision, which when successful is curative. Intraoperative palpation combined with ultrasonography theoretically depict almost all tumors, however the accuracy of palpation is improved by the preoperative localization. All recent advances in imaging have improved the likelihood for curative surgical resection. Our purpose is to demonstrate the characteristics of all modalities, which may be used in the preoperative localization algorithm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Street, Athens 11528, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tai C, Chatziioannou A, Siegel S, Young J, Newport D, Goble RN, Nutt RE, Cherry SR. Performance evaluation of the microPET P4: a PET system dedicated to animal imaging. Phys Med Biol 2001; 46:1845-62. [PMID: 11474929 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/46/7/308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The microPET Primate 4-ring system (P4) is an animal PET tomograph with a 7.8 cm axial extent, a 19 cm diameter transaxial field of view (FOV) and a 22 cm animal port. The system is composed of 168 detector modules, each with an 8 x 8 array of 2.2 x 2.2 x 10 mm3 lutetium oxyorthosilicate crystals, arranged as 32 crystal rings 26 cm in diameter. The detector crystals are coupled to a Hamamatsu R5900-C8 PS-PMT via a 10 cm long optical fibre bundle. The detectors have a timing resolution of 3.2 ns, an average energy resolution of 26%, and an average intrinsic spatial resolution of 1.75 mm. The system operates in 3D mode without inter-plane septa, acquiring data in list mode. The reconstructed image spatial resolution ranges from 1.8 mm at the centre to 3 mm at 4 cm radial offset. The tomograph has a peak system sensitivity of 2.25% at the centre of the FOV with a 250-750 keV energy window. The noise equivalent count rate peaks at 100-290 kcps for representative object sizes. Images from two phantoms and three different types of laboratory animal demonstrate the advantage of the P4 system over the original prototype microPET. including its threefold improvement in sensitivity and a large axial FOV sufficient to image an entire mouse in a single bed position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Tai
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1770, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vlychou M, Spanomichos G, Chatziioannou A, Georganas M, Zavras GM. Embolisation of a traumatic aneurysm of the posterior circumflex humeral artery in a volleyball player. Br J Sports Med 2001; 35:136-7. [PMID: 11273979 PMCID: PMC1724317 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.35.2.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive minor vascular injuries caused by physical activity in athletes may lead to ischaemia of the upper extremities. In volleyball players in particular, traumatic aneurysm of the posterior circumflex humeral artery has been reported to be a cause of ischaemia of the arm and hand. Such an aneurysm is described here; it was treated successfully with endovascular embolisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Vlychou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chatziioannou A, Mourikis D, Awad M, Konstantinedes P, Panourgias E, Vlachos L. Embolization of a segmental renal artery pseudoaneurysm after partial nephrectomy in a solitary kidney. Urol Int 2000; 64:223-5. [PMID: 10895090 DOI: 10.1159/000030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Renal pseudoaneurysms are a well-documented complication following trauma or after percutaneous biopsy. When symptomatic, patients present with hematuria and deteriorating renal function. We present the case of a 62-year-old man who, due to development of a pseudoaneurysm, presented with gross hematuria 10 days after partial nephrectomy for a renal cell carcinoma in a single kidney. A segmental artery was embolized with stainless steel coils without significant loss of the limited renal vascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
4 Patients with renal angiomyolipomas are presented. One of them had tuberous sclerosis with synchronous bilateral tumors. All the patients were symptomatic, 2 of them with retroperitoneal hemorrhage. In all patients selective arterial embolization was performed. Permanent control of the symptoms was successful in 2 patients. In 1 patient temporary resolution of the symptoms was observed, and a second embolization was required. Retroperitoneal bleeding in 1 patient continued and nephrectomy was undertaken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Kehagias
- Department of Radiology, University of Athens, Areteion Hospital, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Martinez ZA, Colgan M, Baxter LR, Quintana J, Siegel S, Chatziioannou A, Cherry SR, Mazziotta JC, Phelps ME. Oral 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose for primate PET studies without behavioral restraint: demonstration of principle. Am J Primatol 2000; 42:215-24. [PMID: 9209586 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2345(1997)42:3<215::aid-ajp4>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe a method of orally administering 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) for positron emission tomography (PET) scans to determine local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (LCMRGlc), normalized to that of whole brain, in fully conscious, non-restrained primates. Oral FDG-PET studies were performed in both non-restrained and chaired monkeys, and in one human where results could be compared with traditional intravenous FDG administration. The oral route of FDG administration gave images and whole brain-normalized PET LCMRGlc results comparable to those obtained by the intravenous route. This oral FDG-PET method may provide a useful means by which to obtain measures of LCMRGlcs for brain structures, relative to each other, in non-restrained, non-drugged primates in field and laboratory studies. This method might also have clinical applications for PET studies of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z A Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chatziioannou A, Qi J, Moore A, Annala A, Nguyen K, Leahy R, Cherry SR. Comparison of 3-D maximum a posteriori and filtered backprojection algorithms for high-resolution animal imaging with microPET. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2000; 19:507-512. [PMID: 11021693 DOI: 10.1109/42.870260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have evaluated the performance of two three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction algorithms with data acquired from microPET, a high resolution tomograph dedicated to small animal imaging. The first was a linear filtered-backprojection algorithm (FBP) with reprojection of the missing data, and the second was a statistical maximum a posteriori probability algorithm (MAP). The two algorithms were evaluated in terms of their resolution performance, both in phantoms and in vivo. Sixty independent realizations of a phantom simulating the brain of a baby monkey were acquired, each containing three million counts. Each of these realizations was reconstructed independently with both algorithms. The ensemble of the 60 reconstructed realizations was used to estimate the standard deviation as a measure of the noise for each reconstruction algorithm. More detail was recovered in the MAP reconstruction without an increase in noise relative to FBP. Studies in a simple cylindrical compartment phantom demonstrated improved recovery of known activity ratios with MAP. Finally, in vivo studies also demonstrated a clear improvement in spatial resolution using the MAP algorithm. The quantitative accuracy of the MAP reconstruction was also evaluated by comparison with autoradiography and direct well counting of tissue samples and was shown to be superior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Crump Institute for Biological Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1770, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chatziioannou A, Mourikis D, Konstandinidis P, Kehagias D, Vlachos L. Preoperative localization of pancreatic insulinoma by selective intraarterial calcium injection and hepatic venous sampling. Hepatogastroenterology 2000; 47:884-6. [PMID: 10919053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative localization of insulinomas is desirable by most surgeons. Imaging with ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medicine and angiography may fail to demonstrate these small tumors in up to 10%, while a smaller percentage may be missed even after careful surgical exploration and intraoperative ultrasonography. Selective intraarterial injection of calcium with hepatic venous sampling has been reported to be a very accurate technique for preoperative localization of insulinomas. We report such a case where the clinical symptoms were highly suggestive but imaging algorithm failed to reveal any lesion and we review the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chatziioannou
- Department of Radiology, University of Athens, Areteion Hospital, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mourikis D, Chatziioannou A, Antoniou A, Kehagias D, Gikas D, Vlahos L. Selective arterial embolization in the management of symptomatic renal angiomyolipomas. Eur J Radiol 1999; 32:153-9. [PMID: 10632551 DOI: 10.1016/s0720-048x(98)00179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Current management of renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) include observation, transcatheter embolization and partial or total nephrectomy. Patients symptoms and size of the lesion are the determinants for the choice of the treatment. In general symptomatic or greater than 8 cm masses require intervention. A retrospective study of five patients presented with symptomatic lesions and treated with selective transcatheter embolization, over a 3 year period was performed in our hospital. A total of eight embolizations were performed, all on an emergency basis due to retroperitoneal bleeding or significant hematuria. Surgical intervention was necessary in one case, due to massive rebleeding on the fourth post-procedural day. Two patients rebled within 6 months and 2 years respectively, and were managed successfully with additional embolization. The remaining two patients are still asymptomatic 26 and 18 months after the successful initial result. Experience with this procedure is reported on with emphasis to the clinical outcome. It is believed that selective arterial embolization should be the standard initial therapy for symptomatic renal AMLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mourikis
- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, Athens University, Vas. Softas, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Farquhar TH, Chatziioannou A, Cherry SR. An evaluation of exact and approximate 3-D reconstruction algorithms for a high-resolution, small-animal PET scanner. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 1998; 17:1073-1080. [PMID: 10048864 DOI: 10.1109/42.746722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
MicroPET is a low-cost, high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) scanner designed for imaging small animals. MicroPET operates exclusively without septa, acquiring fully three-dimensional (3-D) data sets. The performance of the projection-reprojection (3DRP), variable axial rebinning (VARB), single slice rebinning (SSRB), and Fourier rebinning (FORE) methods for reconstruction of microPET data were evaluated. The algorithms were compared with respect to resolution, noise variance, and reconstruction time. Results suggested that the 3DRP algorithm gives the best combination of resolution and noise performance in 9 min of reconstruction time on a Sun UltraSparc I workstation. The FORE algorithm provided the most acceptable accelerated method of reconstruction, giving similar resolution performance with a 10%-20% degradation in noise variance in under 2 min. Significant degradation in the axial resolution was measured with the VARB and SSRB methods, offsetting the decrease in reconstruction time achieved with those methods. In-plane angular mashing of the 3-D data before reconstruction led to a 50% reduction in reconstruction time but also introduced unacceptable tangential blurring artifacts. This thorough evaluation of analytical 3-D reconstruction techniques allowed for optimal selection of a reconstruction method for the diverse range of microPET applications.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
A Bayesian method is described for reconstruction of high-resolution 3D images from the microPET small-animal scanner. Resolution recovery is achieved by explicitly modelling the depth dependent geometric sensitivity for each voxel in combination with an accurate detector response model that includes factors due to photon pair non-collinearity and inter-crystal scatter and penetration. To reduce storage and computational costs we use a factored matrix in which the detector response is modelled using a sinogram blurring kernel. Maximum a posteriori (MAP) images are reconstructed using this model in combination with a Poisson likelihood function and a Gibbs prior on the image. Reconstructions obtained from point source data using the accurate system model demonstrate a potential for near-isotropic FWHM resolution of approximately 1.2 mm at the center of the field of view compared with approximately 2 mm when using an analytic 3D reprojection (3DRP) method with a ramp filter. These results also show the ability of the accurate system model to compensate for resolution loss due to crystal penetration producing nearly constant radial FWHM resolution of 1 mm out to a 4 mm radius. Studies with a point source in a uniform cylinder indicate that as the resolution of the image is reduced to control noise propagation the resolution obtained using the accurate system model is superior to that obtained using 3DRP at matched background noise levels. Additional studies using pie phantoms with hot and cold cylinders of diameter 1-2.5 mm and 18FDG animal studies appear to confirm this observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Qi
- Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-2564, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The increased emphasis on mammography acceptance testing and quality control make the star pattern test an essential component of the procedure for diagnosing poor resolution due to large focal spots. In this paper procedures for calculating magnification and the correct angle of the star pattern to use are described. The preferred placement of the star pattern in the field and proper exposure technique is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Kimme-Smith
- Iris Cantor Center for Breast Imaging, UCLA School of Medicine 90024
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The efficacy of fluorescent green light phototherapy was compared with that of blue light phototherapy in the treatment of full-term infants with hemolytic disease and jaundice caused by ABO incompatibility. The efficacy of the treatment was expressed as actual (milligrams per hour) and quantum (milligrams per hour per square centimeter per megawatt) efficiency, taking into account the differential emission of energy from the green versus the blue fluorescent tubes. No statistically significant difference in the rate of serum bilirubin photodegradation was found between the two groups after treatment for 84.6 +/- 14.1 hours versus 81.5 +/- 14.2 hours with the green and the blue phototherapy, respectively. These results, coupled with the known effects of the blue light on the genetic apparatus of mammalian cells, support the application of the green light phototherapy for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia caused by ABO incompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ayyash
- Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Leto, Maternity Hospital, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|