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Wagner AM, Haller O, Weiss S, Surbek DV. Mesenchymale Stammzellen (MSC) aus der humanen Nabelschnur – Einfluss von schwangerschaftsassoziierten Erkrankungen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Boronat M, Saavedra P, Varillas VF, Wagner AM, López-Plasencia Y, Alberiche MP, Nóvoa FJ. Differences in traditional and emerging cardiovascular risk factors of subjects discordantly classified by metabolic syndrome definitions of the International Diabetes Federation and the National Cholesterol Education Program. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2009; 19:417-422. [PMID: 18819785 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Several working definitions of metabolic syndrome have been proposed for clinical use. However, individuals can be discordantly classified as having or not having metabolic syndrome depending on the choice of one or another definition. This study compared the cardiovascular risk profile of subjects concordantly and discordantly diagnosed by the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). METHODS AND RESULTS Nine hundred and twenty-nine non-diabetic adult subjects belonging to a cross-sectional population-based study in Gran Canaria island (Spain) were assessed. Participants completed a questionnaire and underwent physical examination, fasting blood analyses, and a standardized oral glucose tolerance test. Two hundred and four subjects (22%) had metabolic syndrome according to both definitions, 31 (3.3%) only by the IDF criteria, and 5 (0.5%) only by the NCEP criteria. Participants fulfilling both proposals showed more adverse age and sex-adjusted measures of BMI, waist, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, post-load glucose, HOMA-IR and plasminogen inhibitor activator-1 (PAI-1) than individuals exclusively satisfying the IDF criteria. Moreover, in contrast to subjects meeting both criteria, those that fulfilled only the IDF criteria had levels of BMI, waist, total and HDL cholesterol, post-load glucose, glycated HbA1c, C-reactive protein, PAI-1 and fibrinogen not significantly different from those observed in subjects without metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION The IDF definition identifies a surplus of individuals whose cardiovascular risk profile, particularly regarding to some non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors, is less adverse than that observed in subjects also diagnosed by the NCEP definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boronat
- Section of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Insular, Avda. Marítima del Sur s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Wagner AM, Portmann BC, Haller O, Weiss S. Mesenchymale Stammzellen (MSC) aus der humanen Nabelschnur – Einfluss von schwangerschaftsassoziierten Erkrankungen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kersten DJ, Rajo L, Wagner AM, Gharavi B, Nelle M, Surbek D. Zwillinge bei Uterus Didelphys mit einem Fetus pro Horn: Diagnose, Management und Outcome. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1002980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sánchez-Quesada JL, Benítez S, Pérez A, Wagner AM, Rigla M, Carreras G, Vila L, Camacho M, Arcelus R, Ordóñez-Llanos J. The inflammatory properties of electronegative low-density lipoprotein from type 1 diabetic patients are related to increased platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity. Diabetologia 2005; 48:2162-9. [PMID: 16132957 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-1899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2005] [Accepted: 05/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Chemical and biological characteristics of LDL(-) from type 1 diabetic subjects were analysed. The diabetic patients were studied during poor and optimised glycaemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total LDL was subfractionated into electropositive LDL(+) and electronegative LDL(-) by anion exchange chromatography and the lipid and protein composition of the two determined. RESULTS LDL(-) differed from LDL(+) in that it had higher triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acids, apoE, apoC-III and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), as well as lower apoB relative content. No evidence of increased oxidation was observed in LDL(-). LDL(-) increased two-fold the release of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in endothelial cells, suggesting an inflammatory role. Optimisation of glycaemic control after insulin therapy decreased the proportion of LDL(-), but did not modify the composition of LDL subfractions, except for a decrease in PAF-AH activity in LDL(-). The possibility that LDL(-) could be generated by non-enzymatic glycosylation was studied. Fructosamine and glycated LDL content in LDL subfractions from type 1 diabetic patients was greater than in LDL subfractions isolated from normoglycaemic subjects, and decreased after glycaemic optimisation in both subfractions. However, no difference was observed between LDL(+) and LDL(-) before and after insulin therapy. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results provide evidence that LDL(-) is not produced by glycosylation. Nevertheless, LDL(-) from diabetic patients displays inflammatory potential reflected by the induction of chemokine release in endothelial cells. This proatherogenic effect could be related to the high PAF-AH activity in LDL(-).
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Sánchez-Quesada
- Department of Biochemistry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Wagner AM, Brier JC. Influence of Antioxidants on the Rate of Oxidation of Linseed Oil II—Phenols and Aromatic Amines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ie50258a014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Michalski TJ, Hunt JE, Bradshaw C, Wagner AM, Norris JR, Katz JJ. Enzyme-catalyzed organic syntheses: transesterification reactions of chlorophyll a, bacteriochlorophyll a, and derivatives with chlorophyllase. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00225a047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of forestripping as a premilking stimulation technique on milk yield, milking unit attachment time, and milk flow rates in Holstein dairy cattle. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 24) were divided into two groups (HPE, high producing, early lactation; LPL, low producing, late lactation) based on prestudy milk yield and stage of lactation. Within the production group, cows were randomly assigned into treatment (n = 6) and control groups (n = 6) in a switchback design. Cows were milked twice daily and treatments were switched after 20 milkings. Premilking udder preparation for the treatment group was as follows: forestripping, predipping with 0.5% iodine, and drying with paper towels followed by unit attachment. Udder preparation for the control group was identical except forestripping was not performed. Data were analyzed by using the PROC Means and PROC Mixed models described by SAS. During the study, cows in the HPE group produced significantly more milk and had longer milking unit attachment times compared with cows in the LPL group. The milk flow rate was 0.36 kg/min faster for the HPE cows compared with the LPL cows. There was no significant effect of order of treatment administration on any outcome variable. There were no significant differences in milk yield, milk unit attachment time, or milk flow for animals that were forestripped compared with animals that were not forestripped. In this study, the addition of forestripping to an otherwise acceptable premilking udder preparation routine did not increase milking performance of multiparous Holstein dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA
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Abstract
We have investigated the influence of stress conditions such as incubation at 4 degrees C and incubation in hyperoxygen atmosphere, on plant tissues. The ubiquinone (Q) content and respiratory activity of purified mitochondria was studied. The rate of respiration of mitochondria isolated from cold-treated green bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L) exceeds that of controls, but this is not so for mitochondria isolated from cold-treated cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L). Treatment with high oxygen does not alter respiration rates of cauliflower mitochondria. Analysis of kinetic data relating oxygen uptake with Q reduction in mitochondria isolated from tissue incubated at 4 degrees C (bell peppers and cauliflowers) and at high oxygen levels (cauliflowers) reveals an increase in the total amount of Q and in the percentage of inoxidizable QH2. The effects are not invariably accompanied by an induction of the alternative oxidase (AOX). In those mitochondria where the AOX is induced (cold-treated bell pepper and cauliflower treated with high oxygen) superoxide production is lower than in the control. The role of reduced Q accumulation and AOX induction in the defense against oxidative damage is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Popov
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Voronezh State University, Russia
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Millenaar FF, Gonzàlez-Meler MA, Fiorani F, Welschen R, Ribas-Carbo M, Siedow JN, Wagner AM, Lambers H. Regulation of alternative oxidase activity in six wild monocotyledonous species. An in vivo study at the whole root level. Plant Physiol 2001; 126:376-87. [PMID: 11351100 PMCID: PMC102311 DOI: 10.1104/pp.126.1.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2000] [Revised: 10/20/2000] [Accepted: 01/23/2001] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The activity of the alternative pathway is affected by a number of factors, including the level and reduction state of the alternative oxidase (AOX) protein, and the reduction state of the ubiquinone pool. To investigate the significance of these factors for the rate of alternative respiration in vivo, we studied root respiration of six wild monocotyledonous grass species that were grown under identical controlled conditions. The activity of the alternative pathway was determined using the oxygen isotope fractionation technique. In all species, the AOX protein was invariably in its reduced (high activity) state. There was no correlation between AOX activity and AOX protein concentration, ubiquinone (total, reduced, or oxidized) concentration, or the reduction state of the ubiquinone pool. However, when some of these factors are combined in a linear regression model, a good fit to AOX activity is obtained. The function of the AOX is still not fully understood. It is interesting that we found a positive correlation between the activity of the alternative pathway and relative growth rate; a possible explanation for this correlation is discussed. Inhibition of the AOX (with salicylhydroxamic acid) decreases respiration rates less than the activity present before inhibition (i.e. measured with the 18O-fractionation technique).
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Affiliation(s)
- F F Millenaar
- Plant Ecophysiology, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Suresh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Division of Dermatology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Hugenholtz P, Tyson GW, Webb RI, Wagner AM, Blackall LL. Investigation of candidate division TM7, a recently recognized major lineage of the domain Bacteria with no known pure-culture representatives. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:411-9. [PMID: 11133473 PMCID: PMC92593 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.1.411-419.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A molecular approach was used to investigate a recently described candidate division of the domain Bacteria, TM7, currently known only from environmental 16S ribosomal DNA sequence data. A number of TM7-specific primers and probes were designed and evaluated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of a laboratory scale bioreactor using two independent TM7-specific probes revealed a conspicuous sheathed-filament morphotype, fortuitously enriched in the reactor. Morphologically, the filament matched the description of the Eikelboom morphotype 0041-0675 widely associated with bulking problems in activated-sludge wastewater treatment systems. Transmission electron microscopy of the bioreactor sludge demonstrated that the sheathed-filament morphotype had a typical gram-positive cell envelope ultrastructure. Therefore, TM7 is only the third bacterial lineage recognized to have gram-positive representatives. TM7-specific FISH analysis of two full-scale wastewater treatment plant sludges, including the one used to seed the laboratory scale reactor, indicated the presence of a number of morphotypes, including sheathed filaments. TM7-specific PCR clone libraries prepared from the two full-scale sludges yielded 23 novel TM7 sequences. Three subdivisions could be defined based on these data and publicly available sequences. Environmental sequence data and TM7-specific FISH analysis indicate that members of the TM7 division are present in a variety of terrestrial, aquatic, and clinical habitats. A highly atypical base substitution (Escherichia coli position 912; C to U) for bacterial 16S rRNAs was present in almost all TM7 sequences, suggesting that TM7 bacteria, like Archaea, may be streptomycin resistant at the ribosome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hugenholtz
- Advanced Wastewater Management Centre, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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Besselsen DG, Wagner AM, Loganbill JK. Effect of mouse strain and age on detection of mouse parvovirus 1 by use of serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction analysis. Comp Med 2000; 50:498-502. [PMID: 11099132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Detection of mouse parvovirus 1 (MPV) depends on use of serologic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. These assays were evaluated for their ability to detect virus-specific antibodies or viral DNA in multiple strains and ages of mice inoculated with MPV. METHODS Twelve-week-old ICR, BALB/c, C3H, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 mice and four- and eight-week-old ICR mice were inoculated with MPV. Serum was harvested four weeks after inoculation and analyzed by use of recombinant non structural protein 1 (rNS1) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), minute virus of mice (MVM) ELISA, and MPV indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), MVM IFA, and MPV hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays. Select tissues were harvested and analyzed by use of an MPV-specific PCR assay. RESULTS The number of mice in each group with detectable MPV-specific antibodies or MPV DNA varied with mouse strain, mouse age when inoculated, and viral dose. Seroconversion in mice inoculated at 12 weeks of age was detected almost exclusively by use of the MPV IFA and MPV HAI assays, whereas seroconversion in almost all mice inoculated at 4 and 8 weeks of age was detected by use of all immunoassays except the MVM ELISA. Viral DNA was detected by use of PCR analysis in all strains and ages of mice except DBA/2 mice. CONCLUSIONS Mouse strain and age have important roles in seroconversion to nonstructural and structural MPV antigens and persistence of viral DNA in mouse tissues. Therefore, diagnostic serologic testing and PCR analysis should be considered within the context of mouse strain and age at the time of MPV exposure, especially when sentinel mice are used for surveillance.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- DNA Primers/chemistry
- DNA, Viral/chemistry
- DNA, Viral/isolation & purification
- Electrophoresis, Agar Gel/veterinary
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary
- Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests/veterinary
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C/virology
- Mice, Inbred C3H/virology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL/virology
- Mice, Inbred DBA/virology
- Mice, Inbred ICR/virology
- Mice, Inbred Strains/virology
- Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis
- Parvoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Parvoviridae Infections/veterinary
- Parvovirus/genetics
- Parvovirus/immunology
- Parvovirus/isolation & purification
- Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
- Rodent Diseases/diagnosis
- Rodent Diseases/prevention & control
- Viral Nonstructural Proteins/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Besselsen
- Department of University Animal Care, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721-0101, USA
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Millenaar FF, Roelofs R, Gonzàlez-Meler MA, Siedow JN, Wagner AM, Lambers H. The alternative oxidase in roots of poa annua after transfer from high-light to low-light conditions. Plant J 2000; 23:623-632. [PMID: 10972888 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00832.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The activity of the alternative pathway can be affected by a number of factors, including the amount and reduction state of the alternative oxidase protein, and the reduction state of the ubiquinone pool. To investigate the importance of these factors in vivo, we manipulated the rate of root respiration by transferring the annual grass Poa annua L. from high-light to low-light conditions, and at the same time from long-day to short-day conditions for four days. As a result of the low-light treatment, the total respiration rate of the roots decreased by 45%, in vitro cytochrome c oxidase capacity decreased by 49%, sugar concentration decreased by 90% and the ubiquinone concentration increased by 31%, relative to control values. The absolute rate of oxygen uptake via the alternative pathway, as determined using the 18O-isotope fractionation technique, did not change. Conversely, the cytochrome pathway activity decreased during the low-light treatment; its activity increased upon addition of exogenous sugars to the roots. Interestingly, no change was observed in the concentration of the alternative oxidase protein or in the reduction state of the protein. Also, there was no change in the reduction state of the ubiquinone pool. In conclusion, the concentration and activity of the alternative oxidase were not changed, even under severe light deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F F Millenaar
- Plant Ecophysiology, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Krab K, Wagner MJ, Wagner AM, Moller IM. Identification of the site where the electron transfer chain of plant mitochondria is stimulated by electrostatic charge screening. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:869-76. [PMID: 10651825 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Modular kinetic analysis was used to determine the sites in plant mitochondria where charge-screening stimulates the rate of electron transfer from external NAD(P)H to oxygen. In mitochondria isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber callus, stimulation of the rate of oxygen uptake was accompanied by a decrease in the steady-state reduction level of coenzyme Q, and by a small decrease in the steady-state reduction level of cytochrome c. Modular kinetic analysis around coenzyme Q revealed that stimulation of the rate was due to stimulation of quinol oxidation via the cytochrome pathway (cytochrome bc1, cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase). It was not a consequence of any effect on quinone reduction (by external NADH or NADPH dehydrogenase). This explains the salt-induced decrease in the steady-state reduction level of coenzyme Q. Analysis around cytochrome c revealed that stimulation by salts was due to a dual effect on the respiratory chain. The kinetic curves for the oxidation and reduction pathways of cytochrome c revealed that they were both activated by salt, the simultaneity explaining the small variation observed in the steady-state reduction level of cytochrome c. A simple kinetic core model is used to show that changes in the rate of dissociation of cytochrome c from the membrane can explain the observed kinetic changes in both cytochrome c reduction and cytochrome c oxidation. The stimulation is proposed to be the result of an increase in the rate constant of cytochrome c dissociation from the membrane induced by cation screening. We conclude that this type of modular kinetic analysis is a powerful tool to identify and quantitatively characterize multiple-site effects on the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Krab
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Faculty of Biology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Wagner AM. CONTROVERSIES IN PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY: SHOULD ALL CONGENITAL NEVI BE EXCISED? Pediatr Dermatol 2000; 17:75-83. [PMID: 10721031 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1470.2000.01716-9.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AM Wagner
- Children's Memorial Hospital of Chicago
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Millenaar FF, Benschop JJ, Wagner AM, Lambers H. The role of the alternative oxidase in stabilizing the in vivo reduction state of the ubiquinone pool and the activation state of the alternative oxidase. Plant Physiol 1998; 118:599-607. [PMID: 9765546 PMCID: PMC34836 DOI: 10.1104/pp.118.2.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A possible function for the alternative (nonphosphorylating) pathway is to stabilize the reduction state of the ubiquinone pool (Qr/Qt), thereby avoiding an increase in free radical production. If the Qr/Qt were stabilized by the alternative pathway, then Qr/Qt should be less stable when the alternative pathway is blocked. Qr/Qt increased when we exposed roots of Poa annua (L.) to increasing concentrations of KCN (an inhibitor of the cytochrome pathway). However, when salicylhydroxamic acid, an inhibitor of the alternative pathway, was added at the same time, Qr/Qt increased significantly more. Therefore, we conclude that the alternative pathway stabilizes Qr/Qt. Salicylhydroxamic acid increasingly inhibited respiration with increasing concentrations of KCN. In the experiments described here the alternative oxidase protein was invariably in its reduced (high-activity) state. Therefore, changes in the reduction state of the alternative oxidase cannot account for an increase in activity of the alternative pathway upon titration with KCN. The pyruvate concentration in intact roots increased only after the alternative pathway was blocked or the cytochrome pathway was severely inhibited. The significance of the pyruvate concentration and Qr/Qt on the activity of the alternative pathway in intact roots is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- FF Millenaar
- Department of Plant Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Utrecht University Graduate School of Experimental Plant Science, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands (F.F.M., J.J.B., H. L.)
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Abstract
This article reviews current methods of pediatric pain control. Nonpharmacologic approaches to painful procedures are reviewed with emphasis on developmental stages and how the perception of pain modifies patient response. Practical tips for minimizing the pain of injections and cryotherapy presented. Pharmacologic approaches to pain control including dosage charts and a discussion on side effects, as well as the safety of these agents, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Division of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago Illinois, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Wagner AM, Goodwin M, Campbell B, Eskro S, French SA, Shepherd PA, Wade M. Pain prevalence and pain treatments for residents in Oregon nursing homes. Geriatr Nurs 1997; 18:268-72. [PMID: 9469060 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4572(97)90360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Client Care Monitoring Unit of Oregon's Senior and Disabled Services Division developed and conducted a study with survey-generated information to describe the prevalence of pain and the effectiveness of pain interventions for residents of Oregon nursing home facilities. Forty-four percent of sampled residents who were identified as having pain management needs were found to have problematic treatment regimens. Reports of surveyors' experiences during information collection and review of the Medicare/Medicaid recertification reports of the sampled facilities revealed that lack of assessment, and reevaluation of the effectiveness of treatment for pain were the chief contributing factors that led to these findings.
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Wagner AM, Wagner MJ. Changes in Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Components of Petunia Cells during Culture in the Presence of Antimycin A. Plant Physiol 1997; 115:617-622. [PMID: 12223830 PMCID: PMC158522 DOI: 10.1104/pp.115.2.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
When petunia (Petunia hybrida Vilm, cv Rosy Morn) cells are cultured in the presence of 2 [mu]M antimycin A (AA), respiration proceeds mainly via the cyanide-resistant pathway. Cyanide-resistant respiratory rates were higher in mitochondria from AA cells than in control mitochondria. Compared with control cells, an increase in alternative oxidase protein was observed in AA cells, as well as an increase in ubiquinone (UQ) content. A change in the kinetics of succinate dehydrogenase was observed: there was a much higher activity at high UQ reduction in mitochondria from AA cells compared with control mitochondria. No changes were found for external NADH dehydrogenase kinetics. In AA cells in vivo, UQ reduction was only slightly higher than in control cells, indicating that increased electron transport via the alternative pathway can prevent high UQ reduction levels. Moreover, O2 consumption continues at a similar rate as in control cells, preventing O2 danger. These adaptations to stress conditions, in which the cytochrome pathway is restricted, apparently require, in addition to an increase in alternative oxidase protein, a new setup of the relative amounts and/or kinetic parameters of all of the separate components of the respiratory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Wagner
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Mitochondria of the protozoa Acanthamoeba castellanii possess a cyanide-insensitive oxidase cross-reacting with monoclonal antibodies raised against the plant alternative oxidase. Immunoblotting revealed three monomeric forms (38, 35, and 32 kDa) and very low amounts of a single 65 kDa dimeric form. Cross-linking studies suggest that while in plants the alternative oxidase occurs as a dimer, in amoeba it functions as a monomer. Immunologically detectable protein levels change with the age of amoeba cell culture. Increased amounts of the 35 kDa protein are accompanied by an increase in the activity of cyanide-resistant respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jarmuszkiewicz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Poznan University, Poland.
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Abstract
Current understanding of the structure and function of the plant alternative oxidase is reviewed. In particular, the role of the oxidase in the protection of tissues against oxidative stress is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wagner AM, van Brederode J. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by the flavone aglycone isovitexin causes aberrant petal and leaf morphology in Silene latifolia. Plant Cell Rep 1996; 15:718-722. [PMID: 24178618 DOI: 10.1007/bf00231932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/1995] [Revised: 09/29/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The morphological mutant "isovitexin" in Silene latifolia (the white campion) has small and up-curled petals and leaves. In this mutant the aglycone isovitexin is the only flavone present in the vacuole. In the present study it is shown that isovitexin has a strong toxic effect on mitochondria that is to a large extent abolished by glycosylation. This effect can be used to explain the aberrant morphology. Isovitexin acts at the level of the ubiquinone pool; cytochrome c - cytochrome aa3 oxidase activity was unaffected, and with either reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or succinate as a respiratory substrate, effects on respiration were found in Silene leaves-, potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber- and sweet potato (Ipomoea batata L.) tuber mitochondria. Since in sweet potato electron transport via the cyanide insensitive pathway was also inhibited, with the ubiquinone pool as the only component (besides the dehydrogenases) shared by these two pathways, the site of inhibition must be at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Dept. of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Day DA, Krab K, Lambers H, Moore AL, Siedow JN, Wagner AM, Wiskich JT. The Cyanide-Resistant Oxidase: To Inhibit or Not to Inhibit, That Is the Question. Plant Physiol 1996; 110:1-2. [PMID: 12226168 PMCID: PMC157687 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Day
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia (D.A.D.)
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Abstract
Incubation of Petunia hybrida cells with H2O2 leads to an increase in alternative oxidase activity measured after 24 h. This increased activity is accompanied by an increase in alternative oxidase protein. A model is presented for the regulation of alternative oxidase protein synthesis in which active oxygen species and especially H2O2 play a crucial role as second messengers in the signal transducing pathway from the mitochondria to the nucleus. It is proposed that also the induction of the alternative oxidase by salicylic acid is mediated via H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Stimulation of the cyanide-resistant oxidation of exogenous NADH in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Bintje) tuber callus mitochondria was obtained with succinate, malate, and pyruvate. Half-maximal stimulation was observed at a succinate or malate concentration of 3 to 4 mM, which is considerably higher than that found for pyruvate (0.128 mM). No effect of succinate or malate addition was found when duroquinone was the electron acceptor. Duroquinol oxidation via the alternative pathway was poor and not stimulated by organic acids. Under stimulating conditions, no swelling or contraction of the mitochondria could be observed. Conversely, variation of the osmolarity did not affect the extent of stimulation. However, the assay temperature had a significant effect: no stimulation occurred at temperatures below 16 to 20[deg]C. Membrane fluidity measurements showed a phase transition at about 17[deg]C. Ubiquinone reduction levels were not significantly higher in the presence of succinate and malate, but the kinetics of the alternative oxidase were changed in a way comparable to that found for stimulation by pyruvate. At low temperatures the alternative oxidase displayed "activated" kinetics, and a role for membrane fluidity in the stimulation of the alternative pathway by carboxylic acids is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Wagner
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.M.W., C.W.M.v.d.B.)
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31
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Abstract
A method is described for the determination of in vivo ubiquinone (UQ) reduction levels in nongreen tissues by extraction and subsequent detection of ubiquinone-10 and ubiquinol-10 with high-performance liquid chromatography. In Petunia hybrida cell suspensions UQ reduction remained at a stable level of about 60%, despite the changing conditions during the batch culture (from excess sugar to starvation) and the concomitant variations in respiration. Also, in the presence of uncoupler, which causes a large increase in respiration via both the cytochrome pathway and the alternative pathway, UQ reduction levels stayed at 60%. In mitochondria isolated from these cells, activity of the alternative pathway was only observed at UQ reduction levels higher than 80%. It is proposed that in vivo the relationship between UQ reduction and the activity of the alternative oxidase is modulated by mechanisms such as thiol modifications and accumulation of organic acids. Accordingly, pyruvate concentration in P. hybrida cells increased in the presence of uncoupler.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Wagner
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Van den Bergen CW, Wagner AM, Krab K, Moore AL. The relationship between electron flux and the redox poise of the quinone pool in plant mitochondria. Interplay between quinol-oxidizing and quinone-reducing pathways. Eur J Biochem 1994; 226:1071-8. [PMID: 7813462 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.01071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The dependence of electron flux through quinone-reducing and quinol-oxidizing pathways on the redox state of the ubiquinone (Q) pool was investigated in plant mitochondria isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Bintje, fresh tissue and callus), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and Arum italicum. We have determined the redox state of the Q pool with two different methods, the Q-electrode and Q-extraction techniques. Although results from the two techniques agree well, in all tissues tested (with the exception of fresh potato) an inactive pool of QH2 was detected by the extraction technique that was not observed with the electrode. In potato callus mitochondria, an inactive Q pool was also found. An advantage of the extraction method is that it permits determination of the Q redox state in the presence of substances that interfere with the Q-electrode, such as benzohydroxamate and NADH. We have studied the relation between rate and Q redox state for both quinol-oxidizing and quinone-reducing pathways under a variety of metabolic conditions including state 3, state 4, in the presence of myxothiazol, and benzohydroxamate. Under state 4 conditions or in the presence of myxothiazol, a non-linear dependence of the rate of respiration on the Q-redox state was observed in potato callus mitochondria and in sweet potato mitochondria. The addition of benzohydroxamate, under state 4 conditions, removed this non-linearity confirming that it is due to activity of the cyanide-resistant pathway. The relation between rate and Q redox state for the external NADH dehydrogenase in potato callus mitochondria was found to differ from that of succinate dehydrogenase. It is suggested that the oxidation of cytoplasmic NADH in vivo uses the cyanide-resistant pathway more than the pathway involving the oxidation of succinate. A model is used to predict the kinetic behaviour of the respiratory network. It is shown that titrations with inhibitors of the alternative oxidase cannot be used to demonstrate a pure overflow function of the alternative oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Van den Bergen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hagendoorn MJM, Wagner AM, Segers G, Van Der Plas LHW, Oostdam A, Van Walraven HS. Cytoplasmic Acidification and Secondary Metabolite Production in Different Plant Cell Suspensions (A Comparative Study). Plant Physiol 1994; 106:723-730. [PMID: 12232364 PMCID: PMC159580 DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.2.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a correlation is described between low cytoplasmic pH, measured with the fluorescent probes 2[prime],7[prime]-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (acetoxymethyl ester) and bis- [3-propyl-5-oxoisoxazol-4-yl]pentamethine oxonol, and the production of secondary metabolites for several plant cell-suspension systems. Anthraquinone production in Morinda citrifolia suspensions is negligible in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), whereas with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) a significant accumulation is realized. NAA-grown cells showed a lower cytoplasmic pH than did 2,4-D-grown cells. Addition of 2,4-D or parachlorophenoxy acetic acid to NAA-grown cells resulted in an inhibition of anthraquinone production and an increase of the cytoplasmic pH, whereas addition of parachlorophenyl acetic acid had no effect on either parameter. Lignin production in Petunia hybrida cells could be induced by subculturing them in a medium without iron. These cells showed a lower cytoplasmic pH than control cells. Addition of Fe3+ led to a decreased lignin content and an increased cytoplasmic pH. Two cell lines of Linum flavum showed a different level of coniferin and lignin concentration in their cells. Cells that accumulated coniferin and lignin had a lower cytoplasmic pH than cells that did not accumulate these secondary metabolites. Apparently, in different species and after different kinds of treatment there is a correlation between acidification of the cytoplasm and the production of different secondary metabolites. The possible role of this acidification in secondary metabolite production is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- MJM. Hagendoorn
- Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.J.M.H, G.S., L.H.W.v.d.P.)
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Wagner AM, van den Bergen CW, Krab K. Modulation of the Access of Exogenous NAD(P)H to the Alternative Pathway in Potato Tuber Callus Mitochondria with Triton X-100. Plant Physiol 1992; 100:1259-62. [PMID: 16653114 PMCID: PMC1075775 DOI: 10.1104/pp.100.3.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternative oxidase activity in potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Bintje) callus mitochondria with exogenous NAD(P)H as substrate is inhibited by low concentrations of the detergent Triton X-100. Alternative oxidase activity with succinate or malate as substrate is not affected by these low concentrations of Triton X-100. Cytochrome pathway activity was not influenced under these conditions, neither with endogenous nor with exogenous substrate. Washing of Triton X-100-treated mitochondria did partially restore both uninhibited and CN-resistant NADH oxidation, indicating that under these conditions Triton X-100 does not permanently remove major components from the mitochondrial membrane. Apparently, it is possible to manipulate mitochondria in such a way that the access of exogenous NADH to the alternative pathway is blocked while access to the cytochrome pathway is uninhibited. It is suggested that membrane conditions have a regulatory function (possibly via influencing the diffusion path) in the oxidation of exogenous NADH via the alternative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wagner
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Strother SV, Wagner AM. Prednisone in pregnant women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 1988; 319:178. [PMID: 3386700 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198807213190314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Elejalde BR, Mercedes de Elejalde M, Wagner AM, Lebel RR. Diagnosis of twin to twin transfusion syndrome at 18 weeks of gestation. J Clin Ultrasound 1983; 11:442-446. [PMID: 6417174 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.1870110807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Hart RJ, Wagner AM. The pathological physiology of Gaigeria pachyscelis infestation. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1971; 38:111-6. [PMID: 5162611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Wagner AM, Peña CA. [Pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland]. Rev Asoc Odontol Argent 1970; 57:295-6. [PMID: 4319976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Peña CA, Wagner AM. [Mikulicz' disease]. Rev Asoc Odontol Argent 1969; 57:347-50. [PMID: 5277398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Gruart FJ, Yoel J, Wagner AM. Value of perlingual lymphography in cancer of the head and neck. A means of exploration of the lymphatic system of the neck. Am J Surg 1967; 114:520-4. [PMID: 4292241 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(67)90010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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