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Kumakamba C, N'Kawa F, Kingebeni PM, Losoma JA, Lukusa IN, Muyembe F, Mulembakani P, Makuwa M, LeBreton M, Gillis A, Rimoin AW, Hoff NA, Schneider BS, Monagin C, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Tamfum JJM, Lange CE. Analysis of adenovirus DNA detected in rodent species from the Democratic Republic of the Congo indicates potentially novel adenovirus types. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 34:100640. [PMID: 32025309 PMCID: PMC6997563 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different species of adenoviruses (AdVs) infect humans and animals and are known for their role as pathogens, especially in humans, with animals, primarily rodents, often serving as model systems. However, although we know over 100 types of human AdVs, we know comparatively little about the diversity of animal AdVs. Due to the fact that rodents are the most diverse family of mammals and a standard model system for human disease, we set out to sample African rodents native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and test them for AdV DNA using a semi-nested consensus PCR. A total of 775 animals were tested, and viral DNA was detected in four of them. The AdV DNA found belongs to three different AdVs, all being closely related to murine adenovirus 2 (MAdV-2). Considering the genetic differences of the amplicon were 9%, 11% and 19% from MAdV-2 and at least 10% from each other, they seem to belong to up to three different novel types within the Murine mastadenovirus B species. This evidence of genetic diversity highlights the opportunities to isolate and study additional AdVs that infect rodents as models for AdV biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kumakamba
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - F N'Kawa
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - J Atibu Losoma
- School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - I Ngay Lukusa
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - F Muyembe
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - P Mulembakani
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - M Makuwa
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - A Gillis
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A W Rimoin
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - B S Schneider
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,Etiologic, Oakland, CA, USA.,Pinpoint Science, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Monagin
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D O Joly
- Metabiota Inc., Nanaimo, Canada.,British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, Victoria, Canada
| | - N D Wolfe
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - E M Rubin
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J J Muyembe Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Kantele A, Chickering K, Vapalahti O, Rimoin AW. Emerging diseases-the monkeypox epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:658-9. [PMID: 27404372 PMCID: PMC9533887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kantele
- Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Unit of Infectious Diseases, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - K Chickering
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - O Vapalahti
- Departments of Virology and Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Virology and Immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A W Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Rimoin AW, Hoff NA, Djoko CF, Kisalu NK, Kashamuka M, Tamoufe U, LeBreton M, Kayembe PK, Muyembe JJ, Kitchen CR, Saylors K, Fair J, Doshi R, Papworth E, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Grillo MP, Tshala F, Peeters M, Wolfe ND. HIV infection and risk factors among the armed forces personnel stationed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Int J STD AIDS 2014; 26:187-95. [PMID: 24828556 DOI: 10.1177/0956462414533672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent declines in HIV incidence, sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region in the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. Estimates of HIV prevalence in African military personnel are scarce and inconsistent. We conducted a serosurvey between June and September 2007 among 4043 Armed Forces personnel of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) stationed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to determine the prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections and describe associated risk behaviours. Participants provided blood for HIV and syphilis testing and responded to a demographic and risk factor questionnaire. The prevalence of HIV was 3.8% and the prevalence of syphilis was 11.9%. Women were more likely than men to be HIV positive, (7.5% vs. 3.6% respectively, aOR: 1.66, 95% C.I: 1.21-2.28, p < 0.05). Factors significantly associated with HIV infection included gender and self-reported genital ulcers in the 12 months before date of enrollment. The prevalence of HIV in the military appears to be higher than the general population in DRC (3.8% vs. 1.3%, respectively), with women at increased risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N A Hoff
- Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C F Djoko
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - N K Kisalu
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Kashamuka
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - U Tamoufe
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - M LeBreton
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - P K Kayembe
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - J J Muyembe
- National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - C R Kitchen
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Saylors
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - J Fair
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - R Doshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Papworth
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - M P Grillo
- Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Tshala
- Military Health Services, Ministry of Defense, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - M Peeters
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - N D Wolfe
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon Program in Human Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Rimoin AW, Hamza HS, Vince A, Kumar R, Walker CF, Chitale RA, da Cunha ALA, Qazi S, Steinhoff MC. Evaluation of the WHO clinical decision rule for streptococcal pharyngitis. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:1066-70. [PMID: 15941772 PMCID: PMC1720142 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2004.069120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To prospectively assess the WHO clinical decision rule (CDR) for group A beta haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis in three countries. METHODS A prospective, observational cohort study in urban outpatient clinics in Rio de Janeiro, Cairo, and Zagreb. There were 2225 children aged 2-12 years with cough, rhinorrhoea, red or sore throat; 1810 of these with sore throat were included in the analysis. RESULTS The proportion of children presenting with sore throat and found to have GABHS pharyngitis ranged from 24.6% (Brazil) to 42.0% (Croatia). WHO CDR sensitivity was low for all sites in both age groups. In children age 5 or older, sensitivity ranged from 3.8% in Egypt to 10.8% in Brazil. In children under 5, sensitivity was low (0.0-4.6%) Specificity was high in both age groups in all countries (93.8-97.4%). CONCLUSIONS In these populations, the current WHO CDR has high specificity, but low sensitivity; it did not detect up to 96.0% of children who have laboratory confirmed GABHS pharyngitis. A CDR with higher sensitivity should be developed for use in regions where rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are still major health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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