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Siva S, Bressel M, Sidhom M, Sridharan S, Vanneste B, Davey R, Ruben J, Foroudi F, Higgs BG, Lin C, Raman A, Hardcastle N, Shaw M, Mancuso P, Lawrentschuk N, Wood S, Brook N, Kron T, Martin JM, Pryor DI. TROG 15.03/ANZUP International Multicenter Phase II Trial of Focal Ablative STereotactic RAdiotherapy for Cancers of the Kidney (FASTRACK II). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S3. [PMID: 37784470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an emerging non-invasive alternative for primary renal cell cancer (RCC) in patients unsuitable for surgery. The objective of the FASTRACK II clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy of SBRT for primary RCC. MATERIALS/METHODS This non-randomized, intergroup multi-institutional phase II study was activated in 7 Australian centers and 1 Dutch center, through the Trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) and the Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP). Eligible patients had biopsy confirmed diagnosis of primary RCC with a single lesion within a kidney, ECOG performance ≤2 and were medically inoperable, high risk or declined surgery. For tumors ≤4 cm a single fraction of 26 Gy was prescribed, for tumors > 4 cm, 42 Gy in three fractions was prescribed. The primary outcome of the study was to estimate the efficacy of SBRT for primary RCC, defined as local control based on RECIST criteria. The study was powered assuming that 1-year local control would be 90%, with the null hypothesis of ≤80% considered undesirable and not worthy of proceeding to a future randomized controlled trial. RESULTS Between July 2016 and February 2020, 70 patients were enrolled with a median follow-up of 42 months. Median age was 77 years. Forty-nine patients were male (70%), median BMI was 32 and median Charlson comorbidity score was 7. The median [IQR] RENAL complexity score was 8 [7-10]. Biopsy confirmation was 100%. Twenty-three patients (33%) had T1a disease. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) tumor size was 4.6cm [3.7-5.5]; it was 3.3cm [3.0-3.6] in those receiving single fraction (n = 23), and 5.3cm [4.6-6.0] in those receiving 3-fraction SBRT (n = 47). During real-time pre-treatment quality assurance review, 10 cases (14.3%) required resubmission for protocol deviation, 2119 variables were assessed at final review, and final protocol compliance was 99.3%. Seven (10%) patients experienced grade 3 treatment-related adverse events, with no grade 4 or 5 events observed. Eleven (16%) patients reported no adverse events. Local control was 100% throughout the lifetime of the trial (p<0.001). Cancer-specific survival was also 100% throughout the lifetime of the trial. Freedom from distant failure (95% CIs) at 1 and 3 years was 99% (90-100%). Overall survival (95% CIs) at 1 and 3 years was 99% (90-100%) and 82% (70-89%), respectively. Baseline mean eGFR (95% CI) was 61.1 mLs/min (56.6; 65.6) and reduced by -10.8 mLs/min (-13.0; -8.6) by 1-year, by -14.6 mLs/min (-17.0; -12.2) by 2-years and plateaued thereafter. CONCLUSION In the first multicenter prospective trial of a non-surgical primary RCC cohort, enrolling mostly T1b+ disease, SBRT was an effective treatment strategy with no observed local failures. We observed an acceptable side effect profile and renal function after SBRT. These outcomes support the design of a future randomized clinical trial of SBRT versus surgery for primary RCC. The trial was registered with ID: NCT02613819.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Siva
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Bressel
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Sidhom
- Liverpool Hospital Cancer Therapy Centre, University of New South Wales, School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S Sridharan
- Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah & School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - B Vanneste
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - R Davey
- TROG Cancer Research, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - J Ruben
- The William Buckland Radiotherapy Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - F Foroudi
- Austin Health, Radiation Oncology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B G Higgs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - C Lin
- Dept of Radiation Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A Raman
- Royal Newcastle Centre, John Hunter Hospital & School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - N Hardcastle
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Shaw
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mancuso
- Urology Department, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - N Lawrentschuk
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S Wood
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N Brook
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - T Kron
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J M Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle & School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - D I Pryor
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Gowda P, Gong A, Garg T, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 612 Evaluation of clinical outcomes of percutaneous sclerotherapy for the treatment of hand and wrist venous malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Gong A, Gowda P, Garg T, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 388 Percutaneous sclerotherapy of venous malformations involving the tongue: assessing clinical and imaging outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gong A, Garg T, Gowda P, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 387 Sclerotherapy improves clinical symptoms and reduces malformation size in patients with venous malformations of the foot and ankle. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Weinstein R, Garg T, Gong A, Gowda P, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 611 The impact of sclerotherapy of venous malformations of the eye and orbit on clinical and imaging outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gowda P, Khalil A, Garg T, Gong A, Raman A, Weinstein R, Morefield W, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 39 Assessing safety and clinical outcomes of patients receiving serial doxycycline exchange sclerotherapy for lymphatic malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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VORA A, Raman A. POS-970 PREVALENCE OF SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS- A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [PMCID: PMC8854811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Raman A, Accorsi A, Riehle B, Mellion M, Ronco L, Rojas A, Moxham C. FSHD. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rojas L, Ergun A, Accorsi A, Sartain C, Raman A, Lieberman R, Valentine E, Wertz M, Townsend E, Wilson G, Plioudakis D, Wallace O, Silver S, Moxham C. APPLICATION OF NEXT GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Razvan A, Raman A. Morphology of Rust Phases Formed on Naturally Weathered Weathering Steels in Bridge Spans / Morphologie der unter natürlichem Witterungseinfluß auf „Weathering‘-Stählen gebildeten Rostphasen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/pm-1986-230504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Raman A, Nasrazadani S, Sharma L, Razvan A. Morphology of Rust Phases Formed on Weathering Steels during Outdoor Atmospheric Exposure in Sheltered Locations under the Bridges / Morphologie der auf „Weathering“-Stählen unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen an geschützten Standorten unter Brücken gebildeten Rostphasen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/pm-1987-241105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Raman A, Lad M, Parikh N, Gupta R, Gupta R, Patel A, Arnold C. Abstract No. 498 Trends in utilization and Medicare reimbursement for TIPS and open surgical portal decompression. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Narayen G, Raman A, Gowrishanker S, Jha R. POS-753 LONG TERM BENEFITS OF PRESERVED GRAFT FUNCTIONS AFTER LATE WITHDRAWAL OF CALCINEURIN INHIBITORS IN LIVE DONOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Lockhart KR, McIlwain E, David G, Raman A. Urosepsis and fever after laser lithotripsy procedures in a single Australian institution. Journal of Clinical Urology 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415820921094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify predictive and modifiable risk factors associated with fever and urosepsis in the post-operative period of ureteropyeloscopy and laser lithotripsy procedures for urolithiasis. Materials and methods: Records from 284 consecutive adult patients undergoing laser lithotripsy at John Hunter Hospital, Australia (2013–2017) were retrospectively reviewed. A wide variety of demographics, results, anaesthetic and operative data were compared between those who developed infectious complications (defined as fever ⩾38 or sepsis from a urinary source) and those who did not. Results: In total, 372 cases of Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy were included. Despite excellent antibiotic prophylaxis rates, 10.2% ( n=38) of patients developed infectious complications (81.6% within 24 hrs). Urosepsis cases were twice as likely to have a positive pre-operative urine culture ( p=0.0148) and nearly four times as likely to have mixed growth ( p=0.0001). The proportion of smokers was twice as high in the infectious complication group (42.1%, p=0.0017), as was incomplete stone clearance (31.6% compared to 12.3%, p=0.0013), and female patients were twice as likely to develop an infectious complication as men (16.7% of all female cases, 7.1% of all male cases). Conclusion: Infectious complications post laser lithotripsy remain common in the Australian setting. Positive pre-operative urine culture, current smoking status, incomplete stone clearance and female gender were identified as significant risk factors. We propose high-risk patients should be monitored in the post-operative period with a low threshold for extending antibiotic therapy and every opportunity taken for smoking cessation counselling. Level of evidence: 3a (according to Oxford centre for evidence-based medicine)
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Affiliation(s)
- KR Lockhart
- Urology department, Hunter New England Health, Australia
| | - E McIlwain
- Urology department, Hunter New England Health, Australia
| | - G David
- Urology department, Hunter New England Health, Australia
| | - A Raman
- Urology department, Hunter New England Health, Australia
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Kuusk T, Zondervan P, Lagerveld B, Rosenzweig B, Raman A, Blok J, De Bruijn R, Graafland N, Hendricksen K, Capitanio U, Minervini A, Grant S, Ljundberg B, Horenblas S, Bex A. Outcome after resection of isolated single- or oligometastatic lymph node metastases at the time of nephrectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Rodriguez A, Horowitz L, Castro K, Kenerson H, Bhattacharjee N, Gandhe G, Raman A, Monnat RJ, Yeung R, Rostomily R, Folch A. A microfluidic platform for functional testing of cancer drugs on intact tumor slices. Lab Chip 2020; 20:1658-1675. [PMID: 32270149 PMCID: PMC7679198 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00811j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Present approaches to assess cancer treatments are often inaccurate, costly, and/or cumbersome. Functional testing platforms that use live tumor cells are a promising tool both for drug development and for identifying the optimal therapy for a given patient, i.e. precision oncology. However, current methods that utilize patient-derived cells from dissociated tissue typically lack the microenvironment of the tumor tissue and/or cannot inform on a timescale rapid enough to guide decisions for patient-specific therapy. We have developed a microfluidic platform that allows for multiplexed drug testing of intact tumor slices cultured on a porous membrane. The device is digitally-manufactured in a biocompatible thermoplastic by laser-cutting and solvent bonding. Here we describe the fabrication process in detail, we characterize the fluidic performance of the device, and demonstrate on-device drug-response testing with tumor slices from xenografts and from a patient colorectal tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.D Rodriguez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- corresponding author:
| | - L.F Horowitz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - K. Castro
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - H. Kenerson
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - N. Bhattacharjee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - G. Gandhe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - A. Raman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - R. J. Monnat
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - R. Yeung
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - R.C. Rostomily
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery
| | - A. Folch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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Prabhu J, Velmurugan K, Raman A, Duraipandy N, Kiran MS, Easwaramoorthi S, Tang L, Nandhakumar R. Pyrene-phenylglycinol linked reversible ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for the detection of aluminium in nanomolar range and its bio-imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1090:114-124. [PMID: 31655636 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pyrene-phenylglycinol tangled ratiometric sensor (R)-1 was developed for the detection of Al3+ ion over other metal ions. Ratiometric behaviour of (R)-1 for Al3+ ion explained through monomer emission and excimer quenching leads to avoiding the π-π interactions of bis-pyrene rings. Pull-push to push-pull binding mechanism is successfully explained by DFT and sensing of Al3+-ions demonstrated in living cells. The LOD of (R)-1 for Al3+ downs to nanomolar concentrations which is lower than the allowed concentration of drinking water set by the (World Health Organization) WHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prabhu
- Department of Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641 114, India
| | - K Velmurugan
- Department of Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641 114, India
| | - A Raman
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CLRI Campus, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - N Duraipandy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CLRI Campus, Chennai 600 020, India; Biomaterials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, India
| | - M S Kiran
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CLRI Campus, Chennai 600 020, India; Biomaterials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, India
| | - S Easwaramoorthi
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CLRI Campus, Chennai 600 020, India.
| | - Lijun Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Functional Compounds, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, PR China.
| | - R Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641 114, India.
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Bedient C, Kaye L, Raman A, Garner F, Aguirre M, Shapiro B. The optimal size of ovarian follicles at oocyte collection. Fertil Steril 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Singh A, Luong AU, Fong KJ, Ow RA, Han JK, Gerencer R, Stolovitzky JP, Stambaugh JW, Raman A. Bioabsorbable steroid-releasing implants in the frontal sinus ostia: a pooled analysis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018; 9:131-139. [PMID: 30431709 PMCID: PMC6587788 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background Bioabsorbable steroid‐releasing implants (mometasone furoate, 370 μg) are effective for improving postsurgical outcomes in the frontal sinus ostia (FSO). In this study we evaluated the effect of these implants on frontal outcomes in various patient subgroups with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) using pooled data from 2 randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). Methods A total of 160 subjects were enrolled in 2 RCTs. After surgery, subjects were randomized to receive an implant in 1 FSO with the contralateral side as control. Data through day 90 from the 2 studies were pooled and subgroup analyses were performed. Results At day 30, relative to controls, steroid‐releasing implants significantly reduced the need for postoperative interventions by 46.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], −60.7 to −27.9), for surgical interventions by 51.2% (95% CI, −68.2 to −25.2), and for oral steroid interventions by 37.2% (95% CI, −54.6 to −13.1) in the pooled data set. At day 90, statistically significant reductions (p < 0.05) in the need for postoperative interventions (relative reduction [RR], 30.2%), restenosis/occlusion rate (RR, 31.7%), and inflammation score (absolute difference, −6.0), and increase in estimated FSO diameter (absolute difference, 1 mm), favoring the treated side, were observed. Subgroup analyses of the pooled data showed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) at day 90 in restenosis/occlusion rate, and estimated FSO diameter, favoring the treated side across subgroups, with no statistically significant subgroup‐by‐treatment interactions. Conclusion Bioabsorbable steroid‐releasing sinus implants improve outcomes of frontal sinus surgery through 90 days, irrespective of asthma status, previous endoscopic sinus surgery, extent of surgery, extent of polyps, or Lund‐Mackay computed tomography stage in the FSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameet Singh
- Division of Otolaryngology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Amber U Luong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Joseph K Han
- Divisions of Rhinology and Endoscopic Sinus-Skull Base Surgery and Allergy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA
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Shapiro B, Raman A, Garner F, Aguirre M, Morrison C, Thomas S, Bill A, Bedient C. The effect of ovarian follicle size on the formation of good quality blastocysts. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bedient C, Raman A, Garner F, Aguirre M, Morrison C, Thomas S, Bill A, Shapiro B. Blastocyst aneuploidy as a function of the diameter of the originating ovarian follicle. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Luong A, Ow RA, Singh A, Weiss RL, Han JK, Gerencer R, Stolovitzky JP, Stambaugh JW, Raman A. Safety and Effectiveness of a Bioabsorbable Steroid-Releasing Implant for the Paranasal Sinus Ostia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 144:28-35. [PMID: 29098299 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2017.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Suboptimal outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) are often associated with restenosis and inflammation of frontal sinus ostia. Steroid-releasing sinus implants have been shown to maintain sinus patency by minimizing inflammation and scar tissue formation. An hourglass-shaped, bioabsorbable, steroid-releasing implant was developed to provide mechanical support and optimize drug delivery to paranasal sinus ostia. Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of the hourglass-shaped, bioabsorbable, steroid-releasing sinus implant in improving postoperative outcomes when placed in the frontal sinus ostia (FSO) following ESS in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Design, Setting, and Participants In a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial using an intrapatient control design (ESS followed by implant placement within 1 FSO vs ESS alone on the contralateral side) 80 adult patients, with a mean (SD) age of 49.5 (13.4) years and consisting of 53 (66%) men and 27 (34%) women, were enrolled and underwent bilateral frontal sinusotomies with 1 frontal sinus randomized to receive a steroid-releasing implant. The study was carried out in 12 US centers between July 2015 and March 2016. Interventions A bioabsorbable steroid-releasing implant with hourglass shape containing 370 µg of mometasone furoate. All patients received standardized postoperative care. Main Outcomes and Measures The need for postoperative interventions, medical and surgical, in the FSO at day 30, as determined based on review of video endoscopic findings by an independent blinded surgeon. Also, endoscopic grading by the independent reviewer and clinical investigators at day 30 and day 90 and computed tomographic scan at day 90. Results The mean (SD) age of patients was 49.5 (13.4) years, 53 (66%) were men. Implants were successfully placed in all 80 randomized treatment sinuses. At day 30, steroid-releasing implants significantly reduced the need for postoperative interventions to 11.5% compared with 32.8% by surgery alone (mean difference, -21.3%; 95% CI, -35.1% to -7.6%), as assessed by the independent reviewer. Real-time endoscopic assessment by clinical investigators at day 30 demonstrated significant reduction in need for postoperative intervention (mean difference, -17.3%; 95% CI, -27.9% to -6.7%), significant reduction in inflammation score (mean difference, -12.3 mm; 95% CI, -18.3 to -6.4 mm), and significant reduction in rate of frontal restenosis or occlusion (mean difference, -22.7%; 95% CI, -33.5% to -11.9%) on treated compared with control sides. The results favoring the treatment sides were sustained through day 90: reduced need for postoperative interventions (mean difference, -11.7%; 95% CI, -21.0% to -2.4%) and reduction in restenosis and/or occlusion of the frontal ostium (mean difference, -17.4%; 95% CI, -28.6% to -6.1%). No implant-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions and Relevance The hourglass-shaped steroid-releasing sinus implant was safe and more effective in maintaining FSO patency and improving surgical outcomes compared with surgery alone in the setting where no other immediate postoperative corticosteroids were administered. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02266810.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Luong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
| | | | - Ameet Singh
- Department of Surgery and Neurosurgery, George Washington Medical Faculty Associates, Washington, DC
| | - Robert L Weiss
- The Connecticut Center for Advanced ENT Care, Norwalk, Connecticut
| | - Joseph K Han
- Divisions of Rhinology and Endoscopic Sinus-Skull Base Surgery and Allergy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk
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Raman A, Dubaut J, Burks H, Quaas A. Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding ZIKA virus in patients presenting for infertility treatment and health care professionals. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Smith TL, Singh A, Luong A, Ow RA, Shotts SD, Sautter NB, Han JK, Stambaugh J, Raman A. Randomized controlled trial of a bioabsorbable steroid-releasing implant in the frontal sinus opening. Laryngoscope 2016; 126:2659-2664. [PMID: 27363723 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To assess safety and efficacy of a steroid-releasing implant in improving surgical outcomes when placed in the frontal sinus opening (FSO) following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). STUDY DESIGN Prospective, multicenter, randomized, blinded trial using an intrapatient control design. METHODS Eighty adult (≥ 18 years) CRS patients who underwent successful bilateral frontal sinusotomy were randomized to receive a steroid-releasing implant in one FSO, whereas the contralateral control side received no implant. All patients received standard postoperative care. Endoscopic evaluations recorded at 30-days postendoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) were graded real time by clinical investigators and by an independent, blinded sinus surgeon to assess the need for postoperative interventions in the FSO. RESULTS Implants were successfully placed in all 80 frontal sinuses, resulting in 100% implant delivery success. At 30-days post-ESS, steroid-releasing implants provided a statistically significant (P = 0.0070) reduction in the need for postoperative interventions compared to surgery alone by an independent reviewer, representing 38% relative reduction. Clinical investigators reported statistically significant reduction in this measure at 30 days (P < 0.0001) and 90 days (P = 0.0129). Clinical investigators also reported a 55.6% reduction in the need for oral steroid interventions (P = 0.0015), 75% reduction in the need for surgical interventions (P = 0.0225), 16.7% reduction in inflammation score, 54.3% reduction in restenosis rate (P = 0.0002), and 32.2% greater diameter of FSO (P < 0.0001) on treated sides compared to control at 30 days. No implant-related adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the efficacy of steroid-releasing implants in improving outcomes of frontal sinus surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1b. Laryngoscope, 126:2659-2664, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Ameet Singh
- Department of Surgery and Neurosurgery, George Washington Medical Faculty Associates, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Amber Luong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center of Houston, Houston, Texas, U.S.A
| | | | | | | | - Joseph K Han
- Divisions of Rhinology and Endoscopic Sinus-Skull Base Surgery and Allergy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.A
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Legg SJ, Gilbey A, Hill S, Raman A, Dubray A, Iremonger G, Mündel T. Effects of mild hypoxia in aviation on mood and complex cognition. Appl Ergon 2016; 53 Pt B:357-363. [PMID: 26482893 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thirty six volunteer air force personnel were sequentially exposed in a randomized balanced order in a hypobaric chamber to 30 min of baseline (sea level) and mild hypoxia induced by a specified altitude (sea level, 8000 ft and 12,000 ft), followed immediately by breathing 100% oxygen from an oro-nasal mask. Mood and complex cognition were assessed. Analysis of variance indicated that mood (fatigue and vigour) remained the same at 8000 ft but fatigue was increased (p = 0.001) and vigour reduced (p = 0.035) at 12,000 ft and was restored by supplementary oxygen. Complex cognition was not significantly altered by the test conditions. The results of this study do not support prior evidence that mild hypoxia equivalent to either 8000 or 12,000 ft, impairs complex cognition, but suggests that some aspects of mood may be affected at 12,000 ft and can be restored by breathing 100% oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Legg
- Centre for Ergonomics, Occupational Safety and Health, School of Public Health, Massey University, New Zealand.
| | - A Gilbey
- School of Aviation, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - S Hill
- School of Psychology, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - A Raman
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, New Zealand
| | | | - G Iremonger
- Royal New Zealand Airforce Aviation Medicine Unit, New Zealand
| | - T Mündel
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, New Zealand
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Raman A. Research and Education in India - Have we Lost Focus? Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy 2016. [DOI: 10.16943/ptinsa/2016/v82i1/48375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hernando-Pérez M, Cartagena-Rivera AX, Lošdorfer Božič A, Carrillo PJP, San Martín C, Mateu MG, Raman A, Podgornik R, de Pablo PJ. Quantitative nanoscale electrostatics of viruses. Nanoscale 2015; 7:17289-98. [PMID: 26228582 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04274g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatics is one of the fundamental driving forces of the interaction between biomolecules in solution. In particular, the recognition events between viruses and host cells are dominated by both specific and non-specific interactions and the electric charge of viral particles determines the electrostatic force component of the latter. Here we probe the charge of individual viruses in liquid milieu by measuring the electrostatic force between a viral particle and the Atomic Force Microscope tip. The force spectroscopy data of co-adsorbed ϕ29 bacteriophage proheads and mature virions, adenovirus and minute virus of mice capsids is utilized for obtaining the corresponding density of charge for each virus. The systematic differences of the density of charge between the viral particles are consistent with the theoretical predictions obtained from X-ray structural data. Our results show that the density of charge is a distinguishing characteristic of each virus, depending crucially on the nature of the viral capsid and the presence/absence of the genetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hernando-Pérez
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center - IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
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Rizvi SZM, Raman A. Epiphyas postvittana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)-Botrytis cinerea (Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae)-Vitis vinifera (Vitales: Vitaceae) Interaction: The Role of B. cinerea on the Development of E. postvittana in Synthetic Nutritional Media. J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:1646-1654. [PMID: 26470305 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (light-brown apple moth) is a polyphagous herbivore of economic significance, which also feeds on Vitis vinifera L. The E. postvittana-V. vinifera interacting system also involves the participation of the fungus Botrytis cinerea Persoon ex Fries. We have been exploring the relationship among E. postvittana-V. vinifera-B. cinerea over the past two years. In this article, we report the preference and performance of the larvae of E. postvittana raised solely on a synthetic diet incorporated with the mycelial material of B. cinerea (Diet B). To characterize the effect of fungus on the development of E. postvittana, another synthetic diet was prepared that included the lyophilized leaf material of V. vinifera (Diet C). When raised on Diets B and C, a decrease in the duration of larval development and an increase in the survival and fecundity rate of E. postvittana occurred. Diet B influenced the pupal mass, but a significant increase occurred when the larvae were fed on Diet C. The larval emergence rate was the greatest in E. postvittana raised on Diet B, followed by those on Diet C. The F(2) generation of the larvae reared on Diet B showed similar effects as F(1) on the life-history performance of the larvae. Diet B enhanced the life-history performance of E. postvittana, although the larvae of E. postvittana showed little preference to Diet B. The greater fertility rate of E. postvittana reared on Diet B suggests the importance of sterols as shown in Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and in a few Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), which serve as precursors to different ecdysteroids that regulate many critical processes through embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z M Rizvi
- Charles Sturt University & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, P O Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - A Raman
- Charles Sturt University & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, P O Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia.
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D'Hondt K, Raman A, Pyl F, De Baets F, Van Biervliet S. 280 Sleep in children with cystic fibrosis. A questionnaire-based case–control study. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Velmurugan K, Raman A, Don D, Tang L, Easwaramoorthi S, Nandhakumar R. Quinoline benzimidazole-conjugate for the highly selective detection of Zn(ii) by dual colorimetric and fluorescent turn-on responses. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A quinoline benzimidazole-conjugate (QBC) has been synthesized for the highly selective detection of Zn(ii) both by colorimetry and fluorimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Velmurugan
- Department of Chemistry
- Karunya University
- Coimbatore – 641 114
- India
| | - A. Raman
- Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi – 110001
| | - Derin Don
- Department of Chemistry
- Karunya University
- Coimbatore – 641 114
- India
| | - Lijun Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Functional Compounds
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou 121013
- P. R. China
| | - S. Easwaramoorthi
- Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi – 110001
| | - R. Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Karunya University
- Coimbatore – 641 114
- India
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Sharma A, Raman A, Pradeep AR. Association of chronic periodontitis and psoriasis: periodontal status with severity of psoriasis. Oral Dis 2014; 21:314-9. [PMID: 24989645 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The chronic periodontitis (CP) and psoriasis share common risk factors and co-morbidities. This study was designed to explore how frequently CP is associated with patients with psoriasis compared to systemic healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The periodontal clinical parameters probing depth (PD), periodontal attachment level (PAL), and presence or absence of radiographic bone loss (J Periodontol, 78, 2007, 1387) were recorded in 33 psoriasis subjects and 35 healthy subjects. The severity of psoriasis was assessed and recorded by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index as described earlier by Cohen et al (J Dermatolog Treat, 16, 2005, 308). The other oral health characteristics were also recorded. RESULTS Probing depth and PAL showed significant higher values in psoriasis group compared with healthy group. It was also found that periodontal status was associated with severity of psoriasis. CONCLUSIONS The results showed a link between CP and psoriasis. This suggests the need for a multidisciplinary approach to manage psoriasis patients with chronic periodontitis, especially in relation to current and future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Dentistry, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Bariatu, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Sharma A, Khan AN, Subrahmanyam S, Raman A, Taylor GS, Fletcher MJ. Salivary proteins of plant-feeding hemipteroids - implication in phytophagy. Bull Entomol Res 2014; 104:117-36. [PMID: 24280006 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485313000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Many hemipteroids are major pests and vectors of microbial pathogens, infecting crops. Saliva of the hemipteroids is critical in enabling them to be voracious feeders on plants, including the economically important ones. A plethora of hemipteroid salivary enzymes is known to inflict stress in plants, either by degrading the plant tissue or by affecting their normal metabolism. Hemipteroids utilize one of the following three strategies of feeding behaviour: salivary sheath feeding, osmotic-pump feeding and cell-rupture feeding. The last strategy also includes several different tactics such as lacerate-and-flush, lacerate-and-sip and macerate-and-flush. Understanding hemipteroid feeding mechanisms is critical, since feeding behaviour directs salivary composition. Saliva of the Heteroptera that are specialized as fruit and seed feeders, includes cell-degrading enzymes, auchenorrhynchan salivary composition also predominantly consists of cell-degrading enzymes such as amylase and protease, whereas that of the Sternorhyncha includes a variety of allelochemical-detoxifying enzymes. Little is known about the salivary composition of the Thysanoptera. Cell-degrading proteins such as amylase, pectinase, cellulase and pectinesterase enable stylet entry into the plant tissue. In contrast, enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, laccase and trehalase detoxify plant chemicals, enabling the circumvention of plant-defence mechanisms. Salivary enzymes such as M1-zinc metalloprotease and CLIP-domain serine protease as in Acyrthosiphon pisum (Aphididae), and non-enzymatic proteins such as apolipophorin, ficolin-3-like protein and 'lava-lamp' protein as in Diuraphis noxia (Aphididae) have the capacity to alter host-plant-defence mechanisms. A majority of the hemipteroids feed on phloem, hence Ca++-binding proteins such as C002 protein, calreticulin-like isoform 1 and calmodulin (critical for preventing sieve-plate occlusion) are increasingly being recognized in hemipteroid-plant interactions. Determination of a staggering variety of proteins shows the complexity of hemipteroid saliva: effector proteins localized in hemipteran saliva suggest a similarity to the physiology of pathogen-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - A N Khan
- School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - S Subrahmanyam
- School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - A Raman
- School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - G S Taylor
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - M J Fletcher
- Orange Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forest Road, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
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Ramachandran G, Raman A, Easwaramoorthi S, Rathore RS, Sathiyanarayanan K. Four component domino reaction for the synthesis of highly functionalized dimeric tetracyclic dilactam fluorophores: H-bond aided self-assembly. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03622k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new dimeric tetracyclic dilactam fluorophores (DTDF) consisting of diazabicyclooctane-dione (DBOD) fused to tetrahydronaphthalene (THP) was designed and synthesized from a simple precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ramachandran
- Chemistry Division
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT University
- Vellore, India
- Department of Chemical Sciences
| | - A. Raman
- Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai – 600020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- , India
| | - S. Easwaramoorthi
- Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai – 600020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- , India
| | - R. S. Rathore
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility
- School of life sciences
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad – 500046, India
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Abstract
A new pyrene pyridine conjugate (PPC) has been developed as a selective fluorescent sensor for Ag+ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Velmurugan
- Department of Chemistry
- Karunya University
- Coimbatore-641 114, India
| | - A. Raman
- Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- , India
| | | | - R. Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Karunya University
- Coimbatore-641 114, India
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Raman A, Lam S, Vasilaras A, Joseph D, Wong J, Sved P, Allen RDM. Influence of ureteric anastomosis technique on urological complications after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:1622-4. [PMID: 23726634 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The best technique for anastomosis of the donor ureter remains unresolved and an individual surgeon's preferred technique is likely to be based on training background. This retrospective analysis compares three ureteroneocystostomy techniques in 204 consecutive transplants with an overall ureteric complication rate of 7.3%. Ureteric complications after kidney transplantation present early, are more common when using deceased donor kidneys, and, require complex reconstructive surgery to resolve. Three significant and related findings have been demonstrated with a common theme related to the length of the transplanted ureter, and not, the debate over extravesical versus intravesical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raman
- Transplantation Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia
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Bartlett RJV, Rigby AS, Joseph J, Raman A, Kunnacherry A, Hill CAR. Extension MRI is clinically useful in cervical myelopathy. Neuroradiology 2013; 55:1081-8. [PMID: 23740097 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-013-1208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical spine MRI with the neck in extension has been well described over the last 10 years, but its clinical value remains unknown. METHODS We performed extension imaging in 60 patients in whom the initial neutral study showed borderline cord compression. Images were assessed using a previously validated grading system for cord compression. Multiple linear and area measurements were also obtained. Images were scored blindly and randomly. Inter- and intra-rater variability were determined in a subset of 20 cases. Independent clinical assessment utilised the Ranwat criteria. RESULTS For most parameters inter/intra-observer variance of kappa/ICC > 0.6 was highly satisfactory. Standard MR was poor at discriminating between patients with and without myelopathy (ROC analysis, area under the curve (AUC), 0.52). This was considerably improved with extension imaging (AUC, 0.60), or by using the change in compression score between neutral and extension studies. Most measurements were not helpful; however, the ratio of cord area/CSF area at the level of maximum compression on extended images was the best discriminator (AUC, 0.71), as well as the presence of T2 change in cord substance (AUC, 0.68). CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate added clinical value utilising extension MRI. In this cohort of difficult patients, when there was no T2 signal change in the cord, the presence of clinical myelopathy could only be predicted by utilising the data from extension imaging.
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Fleming W, Bonello M, Xerri J, Tailor P, Raman A. PROPOSED GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF IDIOPATHIC NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304200a.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
ABSTRACT The concept of quality in the manufacture of herbal products is directed toward ensuring that the required standard of product is attained through processes that involve good manufacturing practice and quality control. This article reviews the need for quality assurance of herbal products, approaches taken by regulatory authorities in Europe to address this issue, and analytical methods applicable to the evaluation of herbal products. The natural ingredients that are used to prepare herbal products give rise to problems that are not encountered with conventional medicinal products. Quality standards are applied to both starting materials and finished products. Pharmacopoeial monographs, even when not forming part of official compendia, lay down criteria for analytical testing, including materials and methods, test limits, and acceptance ranges for results. Analytical tests are employed to establish the identity of the plant material or of the active principles, the content of active principles or characteristic marker compounds by assay, and the purity of the product by exclusion of specific adulterants or contaminants. Advances in instrumentation and test methods provide the analyst with powerful tools to determine the level of quality. Nevertheless, there still exist limitations to testing because of the complex and variable nature of the herbal ingredients. The standards and requirements for quality of herbal products as applied in the European Union are also intended to provide further assurances on the efficacy and safety of products.
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Forte JS, Raman A. Regulatory issues relating to herbal products-part 1: legislation in the European union, north america, and australia. J Med Food 2012; 3:23-39. [PMID: 19281341 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2000.3.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The increased public awareness about herbal products has led to a growth of the botanicals market and attracted the interest of the pharmaceutical industry. The laws that regulate the sale of manufactured herbal products differ between regions and countries of the Western world. The European Union favors the classification of the remedies as medicinal products. However, differences in the interpretation of European law by the Member States have meant that herbal products have been assigned to various sale categories across the European market. The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products is working to introduce changes to achieve harmonization within the market. Canada and Australia have embarked on similar reforms to improve product regulation without imposing undue restrictions on marketing. In these countries, herbal products have been assigned a status that respects their therapeutic role. Changes introduced in the United States of America in 1994 led to a deregulation of the market with herbal products being classified as dietary supplements and excluded from the stricter regulatory requirements applicable to drugs and foods. However, a United States Presidential Commission has advised that a study is needed regarding an alternative system for botanical products that are not used solely as dietary supplements but that cannot meet the requirements applicable for conventional over-the-counter drugs.
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Abstract
Insect association with fungi has a long history. Theories dealing with the evolution of insect herbivory indicate that insects used microbes including fungi as their principal food materials before flowering plants evolved. Subtlety and the level of intricacy in the interactions between insects and fungi indicate symbiosis as the predominant ecological pattern. The nature of the symbiotic interaction that occurs between two organisms (the insect and the fungus), may be either mutualistic or parasitic, or between these two extremes. However, the triangular relationship involving three organisms, viz., an insect, a fungus, and a vascular plant is a relationship that is more complicated than what can be described as either mutualism or parasitism, and may represent facets of both. Recent research has revealed such a complex relationship in the vertically transmitted type-I endophytes living within agriculturally important grasses and the pestiferous insects that attack them. The intricacy of the association depends on the endophytic fungus-grass association and the insect present. Secondary compounds produced in the endophytic fungus-grass association can provide grasses with resistance to herbivores resulting in mutualistic relationship between the fungus and the plant that has negative consequences for herbivorous insects. The horizontally transmitted nongrass type-II endophytes are far less well studied and as such their ecological roles are not fully understood. This forum article explores the intricacy of dependence in such complex triangular relationships drawing from well-established examples from the fungi that live as endophytes in vascular plants and how they impact on the biology and evolution of free-living as well as concealed (e.g., gall-inducing, gall-inhabiting) insects. Recent developments with the inoculation of strains of type-I fungal endophytes into grasses and their commercialization are discussed, along with the possible roles the endophytic fungi play in the galls induced by the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raman
- Charles Sturt University & E H Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Orange, New South Wales 2800, Australia.
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Payton OD, Picco L, Robert D, Raman A, Homer ME, Champneys AR, Miles MJ. High-speed atomic force microscopy in slow motion--understanding cantilever behaviour at high scan velocities. Nanotechnology 2012; 23:205704. [PMID: 22543565 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/20/205704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using scanning laser Doppler vibrometer we have identified sources of noise in contact mode high-speed atomic force microscope images and the cantilever dynamics that cause them. By analysing reconstructed animations of the entire cantilever passing over various surfaces, we identified higher eigenmode oscillations along the cantilever as the cause of the image artefacts. We demonstrate that these can be removed by monitoring the displacement rather than deflection of the tip of the cantilever. We compare deflection and displacement detection methods whilst imaging a calibration grid at high speed and show the significant advantage of imaging using displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Payton
- H H Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK.
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Qawasmeh A, Bourke C, Lee S, Gray M, Wheatley W, Sucher NJ, Raman A. GC-MS analysis of volatile secondary metabolites in “Mediterranean” and “Continental”Festuca arundinacea(Poaceae) infected with the fungal endophyteNeotyphodium coenophialumstrain AR542. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.23.2011.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Raman A, Trigueros S, Cartagena A, Stevenson APZ, Susilo M, Nauman E, Contera SA. Mapping nanomechanical properties of live cells using multi-harmonic atomic force microscopy. Nat Nanotechnol 2011; 6:809-14. [PMID: 22081213 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2011.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The nanomechanical properties of living cells, such as their surface elastic response and adhesion, have important roles in cellular processes such as morphogenesis, mechano-transduction, focal adhesion, motility, metastasis and drug delivery. Techniques based on quasi-static atomic force microscopy techniques can map these properties, but they lack the spatial and temporal resolution that is needed to observe many of the relevant details. Here, we present a dynamic atomic force microscopy method to map quantitatively the nanomechanical properties of live cells with a throughput (measured in pixels/minute) that is ∼10-1,000 times higher than that achieved with quasi-static atomic force microscopy techniques. The local properties of a cell are derived from the 0th, 1st and 2nd harmonic components of the Fourier spectrum of the AFM cantilevers interacting with the cell surface. Local stiffness, stiffness gradient and the viscoelastic dissipation of live Escherichia coli bacteria, rat fibroblasts and human red blood cells were all mapped in buffer solutions. Our method is compatible with commercial atomic force microscopes and could be used to analyse mechanical changes in tumours, cells and biofilm formation with sub-10 nm detail.
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Nelis MR, Yu L, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Yang C, Raman A, Mohammadi S, Rhoads JF. Sources and implications of resonant mode splitting in silicon nanowire devices. Nanotechnology 2011; 22:455502. [PMID: 22020109 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/45/455502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the effects of asymmetric cross-sectional geometry on the resonant response of silicon nanowires. The work demonstrates that dimensional variances of less than 2% qualitatively alter a nanosystem's near-resonant response, yielding a non-Lorentzian frequency response structure, which is a direct consequence of resonant mode splitting. Experimental results show that this effect is independent of device boundary conditions, and can be easily modeled using continuous beam theory. Proper understanding of this phenomenon is believed to be essential in the characterization of the dynamic response of resonant nanowire systems, and thus the predictive design of such devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Nelis
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Abstract
Cantilevered or suspended nanowires show promise for force or mass sensing applications due to their small mass, high force sensitivity and high frequency bandwidth. To use these as quantitative sensors, their bending stiffness or mass must be calibrated experimentally, often using thermally driven vibration. However, this can be difficult because nanowires are slightly asymmetric, which results in two spatially orthogonal bending eigenmodes with closely spaced frequencies. This asymmetry presents problems for traditional stiffness calibration methods, which equate the measured thermal vibration spectrum near a resonance to that of a single eigenmode. Moreover, the principal axes may be arbitrarily rotated with respect to the measurement direction. In this work, the authors propose a method for calibrating the bending stiffness and mass of such nanowires' eigenmodes using a single measurement taken at an arbitrary orientation with respect to the principal axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Kiracofe
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Ritchie LD, Raman A, Sharma S, Fitch MD, Fleming SE. Dietary intakes of urban, high body mass index, African American children: family and child dietary attributes predict child intakes. J Nutr Educ Behav 2011; 43:236-243. [PMID: 21530411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2010.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify family and child nutrition and dietary attributes related to children's dietary intakes. DESIGN African American children (ages 8-11 years, n = 156), body mass index > 85th percentile, from urban, low-income neighborhoods. Baseline, cross-sectional data collected as part of an ongoing diabetes prevention intervention. Dietary intakes were collected by 3-day food diary to assess total energy, percent fat, discretionary fat, added sugar, whole grains, vegetables, fruit, meat, and dairy. Questionnaires on nutrition and dietary attributes administered to children and parents were used to develop 5 diet-related indices: child knowledge, child preferences, child snack habits, child beverage habits, and family food habits. RESULTS A higher child nutrition knowledge score was significantly related to a lower starchy vegetable intake. Higher scores on the child snack habits index were significantly related to higher intakes of fruit, total fruits and vegetables, total fruits and nonstarchy vegetables, and to lower intakes of added sugars. A higher score on the family food habits index was significantly related to lower intakes of total energy and discretionary fat. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Targeting both child and family food and nutrition attributes may be used to promote more healthful eating among urban, low-income, overweight African American children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorrene D Ritchie
- The Dr. Robert C. and Veronica Atkins Center for Weight and Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S Srijayanta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King’s College London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
| | - P M Jones
- Biomedical Sciences Division, Department of Physiology, King’s College London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
| | - S Persaud
- Biomedical Sciences Division, Department of Physiology, King’s College London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
| | - M J Lawrence
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King’s College London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
| | - A Raman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King’s College London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
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Lin Z, Donatien P, Raman A, Bennett DC. A naturally occurring growth promoter for human melanoblasts in culture. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1998.tb02418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Lin
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, 44-46 Chandos Place, London WC2N 4HS
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King’s College London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
| | - P Donatien
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, St George’s Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE
| | - A Raman
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King’s College London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
| | - D C Bennett
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, St George’s Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE
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Raman A, Lin Z, Hoult JRS. Identification of a phytochemical stimulant for the proliferation of mouse melanocytes in culture. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1998.tb02447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Raman
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
| | - Z Lin
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, 44-46 Chandos Place, London WC2N 4HS
| | - J R S Hoult
- Pharmacology Group, King’s College London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX
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