1
|
Stem AD, Brindley S, Rogers KL, Salih A, Roncal-Jimenez CA, Johnson RJ, Newman LS, Butler-Dawson J, Krisher L, Brown JM. Exposome and Metabolome Analysis of Sugarcane Workers Reveals Predictors of Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1458-1472. [PMID: 38707825 PMCID: PMC11069010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sugarcane workers are exposed to potentially hazardous agrochemicals, including pesticides, heavy metals, and silica. Such occupational exposures present health risks and have been implicated in a high rate of kidney disease seen in these workers. Methods To investigate potential biomarkers and mechanisms that could explain chronic kidney disease (CKD) among this worker population, paired urine samples were collected from sugarcane cutters at the beginning and end of a harvest season in Guatemala. Workers were then separated into 2 groups, namely those with or without kidney function decline (KFD) across the harvest season. Urine samples from these 2 groups underwent elemental analysis and untargeted metabolomics. Results Urine profiles demonstrated increases in silicon, certain pesticides, and phosphorus levels in all workers, whereas heavy metals remained low. The KFD group had a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) across the harvest season; however, kidney injury marker 1 did not significantly change. Cross-harvest metabolomic analysis found trends of fatty acid accumulation, perturbed amino acid metabolism, presence of pesticides, and other known signs of impaired kidney function. Conclusion Silica and certain pesticides were significantly elevated in the urine of sugarcane workers with or without KFD. Future work should determine whether long-term occupational exposure to silica and pesticides across multiple seasons contributes to CKD in these workers. Overall, these results confirmed that multiple exposures are occurring in sugarcane workers and may provide insight into early warning signs of kidney injury and may help explain the increased incidence of CKD among agricultural workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur D. Stem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen Brindley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Keegan L. Rogers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Adil Salih
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Carlos A. Roncal-Jimenez
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Richard J. Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lee S. Newman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jaime Butler-Dawson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lyndsay Krisher
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jared M. Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Menakuru S, Dhillon V, Emran J, Khan I, Beirat A, Salih A. PP01.30 Are Delays In The Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer Due To Patients First Seeking Treatment for Tuberculosis In Rural India? J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
3
|
Raju R, N. G, Prabhakaran K, Joseph K, Salih A. Selective catalytic reduction of NO over hierarchical Cu ZSM-5 coated on an alumina foam support. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00505g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrothermal coating of hierarchical Cu ZSM-5 catalyst on alumina foam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Risha Raju
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Gomathi N.
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - K. Prabhakaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Kuruvilla Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - A. Salih
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Raju R, Chandran R J, Salih A, Joseph K. Numerical analysis of mixing chamber non-uniformities and feed conditions for optimal performance of urea SCR. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00269k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-uniform ammonia concentration distribution in urea SCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Risha Raju
- Department of Aerospace Engineering
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Jishnu Chandran R
- Department of Aerospace Engineering
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - A. Salih
- Department of Aerospace Engineering
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Kuruvilla Joseph
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abdalla AS, Salih A, Chicken W, Idaewor P, Elamass M, Omer M, Eldruki S, Comez T, Barron M, Asaad A. Ki-67 expression impact on lympho-vascular invasion presence in early breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
6
|
O'Connell R, Boland M, Salih A, Beddy D, Allen M. Red Cell Distribution Width and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as Predictors of Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis. Int J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
7
|
Saeed B, Salih A, Enriquez N, Ayoub K, Balghith M, Alghamdi A. 50. Primary PCI for STEMI patients at KACC: Has patient’s access and hospital outcome improved over the last 5 years? J Saudi Heart Assoc 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2016.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
8
|
Moens P, Banerjee A, Constant A, Coppens P, Caesar M, Li Z, Vandeweghe S, Declercq F, Padmanabhan B, Jeon W, Guo J, Salih A, Tack M, Meneghini M, Dalcanale S, Tajilli A, Meneghesso G, Zanoni E, Uren M, Chatterjee I, Karboyan S, Kuball M. (Invited) Intrinsic Reliability Assessment of 650V Rated AlGaN/GaN Based Power Devices: An Industry Perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1149/07204.0065ecst] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
9
|
Alfaki M, Ezaldin M, Hassan A, Salih A, Taha M, Abd Elmotalib M, Abdelrahim M, Dafaalla M, Hussein A, Hassan M. Computational analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in SCN1A gene of epilepsy, and implications in sodium voltage gated channel function. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
Alghamdi AM, Salih A. Retrograde iatrogenic left main dissection. Eur Heart J Suppl 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suu023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
11
|
Azawi O, Ali M, Oday S, Salih A, AlHadad A, Mouayad S, AbdulHussien A. Comparative efficacy of different CIDR protocols for the treatment of postpartum anestrous in Iraqi buffaloes. Vet World 2012. [DOI: 10.5455/vetworld.2012.201-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
12
|
Kenkel CD, Traylor MR, Wiedenmann J, Salih A, Matz MV. Fluorescence of coral larvae predicts their settlement response to crustose coralline algae and reflects stress. Proc Biol Sci 2011; 278:2691-7. [PMID: 21270034 PMCID: PMC3136821 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-coloured homologues of the green fluorescent protein generate some of the most striking visual phenomena in the ocean. Despite their natural prominence in reef-building corals and widespread use in biotechnology, their biological role remains obscure. Here, we experimented with larvae of Acropora millepora to determine what can be learned about a coral larva or recruit from its fluorescent colour. We performed 12 crosses between seven A. millepora colonies representing differing fluorescence phenotypes, the larvae of which were exposed to a natural settlement cue (crustose coralline algae) and heat-light stress. Parental effects explained 18 per cent of variation in colour and 47 per cent of variation in settlement. The colour of the larval family emerged as a predictor of the settlement success: redder families were significantly less responsive to the provided settlement cue (p = 0.006). This relationship was owing to a correlation between parental effects on settlement and colour (r(2) = 0.587, p = 0.045). We also observed pronounced (16%) decline in settlement rate, as well as subtle (2%), but a statistically significant decrease in red fluorescence, as a consequence of heat-light stress exposure. Variation in settlement propensity in A. millepora is largely owing to additive genetic effects, and is thought to reflect variation in dispersal potential. Our results suggest an optical signature to discriminate between long- and short-range dispersing genotypes, as well as to evaluate stress. Further research in this direction may lead to the development of field applications to trace changes in coral life history and physiology caused by global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. D. Kenkel
- Integrative Biology Section, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M. R. Traylor
- Integrative Biology Section, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - J. Wiedenmann
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A. Salih
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales 1797, Australia
| | - M. V. Matz
- Integrative Biology Section, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Salih A. MIBG and risk stratification. Heart 2011; 97:949; author reply 949. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.210310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
14
|
Minga RK, Salih A, Jardi N, Belmourida F, Azzouzi L, Bennis A. Bisoprolol effect on the right ventricular function in chronic heart failure. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2011.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
15
|
Griffitts J, Saunders D, Tesiram YA, Reid GE, Salih A, Liu S, Lydic TA, Busik JV, Kang JX, Towner RA. Non-mammalian fat-1 gene prevents neoplasia when introduced to a mouse hepatocarcinogenesis model: Omega-3 fatty acids prevent liver neoplasia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2010; 1801:1133-44. [PMID: 20620224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of a non-mammalian omega-3 desaturase in a mouse hepatocarcinogenesis model. Mice containing double mutations (DM) in c-myc and TGF-alpha (transforming growth factor-alpha), leading to liver neoplasia, were crossed with mice containing omega-3 desaturase. MRI analysis of triple mutant (TM) mice showed the absence of neoplasia at all time points for 92% of mice in the study. Pathological changes of TM (TGFalpha/c-myc/fat-1) mouse liver tissue was similar to control mouse liver tissue. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measurements of unsaturated fatty acids found a significant difference (p<0.005) between DM and TM transgenic (Tg) mice at 34 and 40 weeks of age. HPLC analysis of mouse liver tissue revealed markedly decreased levels of omega-6 fatty acids in TM mice when compared to DM (TGFalpha/c-myc) and control (CD1) mice. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis indicated significantly decreased 16:0/20:4 and 18:1/20:4 and elevated 16:0/22:6 fatty acyl groups in both GPCho and GPEtn, and elevated 16:0/20:5, 18:0/18:2, 18:0/18:1 and 18:0/22:6 in GPCho, within TM mice compared to DM mice. Total fatty acid analysis indicated a significant decrease in 18:1n9 in TM mice compared to DM mice. Western blot analysis of liver tissue showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in NF-kappaB (nuclear factor-kappaB) levels at 40 weeks of age in TM mice compared to DM mice. Microarray analysis of TM versus DM mice livers at 40 weeks revealed alterations in genes involved in cell cycle regulation, cell-to-cell signaling, p53 signaling, and arachidonic acid (20:4) metabolism. Endogenous omega-3 fatty acids were found to prevent HCC development in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Griffitts
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- A Salih
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Mary's Hospital, Sidcup, Kent, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
All reef-forming corals depend on the photosynthesis performed by their algal symbiont, and such corals are therefore restricted to the photic zone. The intensity of light in this zone declines over several orders of magnitude--from high and damaging levels at the surface to extreme shade conditions at the lower limit. The ability of corals to tolerate this range implies effective mechanisms for light acclimation and adaptation. Here we show that the fluorescent pigments (FPs) of corals provide a photobiological system for regulating the light environment of coral host tissue. Previous studies have suggested that under low light, FPs may enhance light availability. We now report that in excessive sunlight FPs are photoprotective; they achieve this by dissipating excess energy at wavelengths of low photosynthetic activity, as well as by reflecting of visible and infrared light by FP-containing chromatophores. We also show that FPs enhance the resistance to mass bleaching of corals during periods of heat stress, which has implications for the effect of environmental stress on the diversity of reef-building corals, such as enhanced survival of a broad range of corals allowing maintenance of habitat diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Salih
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Salih A. Vomiting and constipation in an elderly diabetic woman. Postgrad Med J 1999; 75:699-700. [PMID: 10621891 PMCID: PMC1741393 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.75.889.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Salih
- William Harvey Hospital, Ashford, Kent, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
There is a consensus that open-access breast imaging for general practitioners is inappropriate since the process omits an expert clinical examination and fine needle aspiration cytology. However, it was decided to test this hypothesis by comparing the outcome of breast referrals in a district with both an open-access imaging and a one-stop clinic. The time from referral to definitive diagnosis in all women with breast cancer was compared over a 12 month period in 1996. Of 1049 women referred for open-access imaging 20 (2%) were found to have breast cancer compared with 91 (9%) of 995 women referred to the one-stop breast clinic. There was a longer interval before the diagnosis of breast cancer was made in cases referred for open-access imaging compared with cases referred to the one-stop breast clinic (mean 63 vs 35 days). However, if patients with advanced disease are excluded the mean interval was 63 vs 44 days. The mean tumour size of breast cancers in cases referred to open-access imaging was smaller (1.5 vs 2.3 cm), there were fewer grade 3 tumours (10% vs 39%), and there was a lower rate of axillary lymph node metastases (20% vs 32%) compared with cases referred to the one-stop breast clinic. The longer interval for the open-access patients was largely due to administrative delay and the 3 patients with a delay of more than 3 months had all had a triple assessment which was false negative. This study does not support the hypothesis that open-access mammography is unsafe and should be withdrawn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Salih
- The Breast Clinic, The William Harvey Hospital, Ashford, Kent TN 24 0LZ, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lemmich E, Cornett C, Furu P, Jørstian CL, Knudsen AD, Olsen CE, Salih A, Thilborg ST. Molluscicidal saponins from Catunaregam nilotica. Phytochemistry 1995; 39:63-68. [PMID: 7786492 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(94)00866-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two new saponins were isolated from the fruits of Catunaregam nilotica Stapf, syn. Lachnosiphonium nilotica; Randia nilotica; Xeromphis nilotica. Their structures were determined mainly by spectroscopic methods as 3- O-[O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -->3)]- beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oleanolic acid and 28-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl-3-O-[O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O[O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl]-beta-D-glycopyranosyl]oleanolate. The monodesmosidic saponin is a potent molluscicide against the schistosomiasis transmitting snail Biomphalaria glabrata with a LC50 value of 3 ppm. In addition two known saponins, 3-O-[2', 3'-di-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl]oleanolic acid and 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)- beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oleanolic acid, were identified and their molluscicidal activity determined, the LC50 values being 26 and 3 ppm, respectively. Initial molluscicidal screening of the crude water and ethanol extracts revealed 100% snail mortality at concentrations of 100 and 50 ppm, respectively. The haemolytic activity of the molluscicidal saponins was determined as well and the HC50 values towards bovine erythrocytes found to be 3 ppm for the new saponin, and 16 and 2 ppm, respectively, for the two known saponins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Lemmich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Copenhagen
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|