Impact of Acrylic and Silicone-Based Soft-Liner Materials on Biting Force and Quality of Life of the Complete Denture Wearers: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This rerandomized clinical trial evaluated the influence of soft liners (SL) on biting force, pain perception, and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of complete denture wearers. Twenty-eight completely edentulous patients complaining of ill-fitting lower complete dentures were selected to participate in the study from the Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Taibah University. All patients received new complete maxillary and mandibular dentures; then they were randomly divided into two groups (14 patients in each group): the acrylic-based SL group, in which the mandibular denture was lined with an acrylic-based soft liner, and the silicone-based SL group, in which the mandibular denture was lined with a silicone-based soft liner. OHRQoL and maximum bite force (MBF) were assessed in this study before denture relining (baseline), then at one month and three months after relining. The finding showed that both treatment modalities significantly improved the OHRQoL of included patients at one-month and three-month periods compared to baseline records (i.e., dentures before relining) with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). However, there is no statistical difference between groups at the baseline, one-, and three-month follow-up periods. Regarding maximum biting force, when acrylic-based SL is compared to silicone-based SL, there is no statistical difference between groups at baseline (75 ± 31 and 83 ± 32 N) and one-month follow-up periods (145 ± 53 and 156 ± 49 N); however, after three months of function, the silicone-based group recorded 166 ± 57 N statistically significant high biting force compared to the acrylic-based group that recorded 116 ± 47 N (p < 0.05). Permanent soft denture liners positively affect maximum biting force, pain perception, and OHRQoL more than conventional dentures. After three months, silicone-based SL outperformed acrylic-based soft liners in maximum biting force, which may indicate better long-term results.

AUTOGENOUS DENTIN GRAFTS HAVE COMPARABLE SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES TO OTHER GRAFT MATERIALS REGARDING IMPLANT STABILITY, PREIMPLANT MARGINAL BONE LOSS, AND COMPLICATION RATE

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Efficacy of the autogenous dentin graft for implant placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mahardawi, B., Jiaranuchart, S., Tompkins, K. A., & Pimkhaokham, A. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2022 SOURCE OF FUNDING: Not reported.

TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Efficiency of the new reciprocating and rotary systems with or without ultrasonics in removing root-canals filling with calcium silicate-based sealer (MTA)

BACKGROUND

To compare the efficiency of endodontic rotary and reciprocating systems in removing calcium silicate-sealer based fillings and to investigate the impact of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on their efficiency.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

160 root-canals were instrumented, filled with gutta-percha and calcium silicate based-sealer and divided into 10 equal groups. Five groups in which the reciprocating systems (WaveOne-Gold, Reciproc-Blue and R-Motion) and rotary systems (Fanta-AF-One and Tango-Endo) were used to remove root-canals' fillings. In the other five groups the fillings were removed by the same systems then additionally with PUI. The times to complete retreatments procedures were recorded. Micro-computed tomography's analysis of the root-canals fillings' volume before and after retreatments was used to determine the remaining filling materials (RFMs) volumes.

RESULTS

The RFMs after using rotary systems (10.1%) was greater than after using reciprocating systems (3.8%) (P < 0.001). The RFMs after using WOG (2%) and RB systems (2.6%) were less than those in the RM (6.8%), TE (9.5%) and FAFO (10.7%) systems [P < 0.05]. The times required to remove the filling materials using the TE (3.7 min), FAFO (4.1 min) and RM (4.1 min) systems were shorter than those required by the RB (5.4 min) and WOG (4.9 min) systems [P < 0.05]. Using PUI resulted in less RFMs (1.44%) when compared to using only rotary or reciprocating systems (6.27%) [P < 0.001].

CONCLUSIONS

Endodontic reciprocation systems were more effective, but needed longer times than rotary systems in removing calcium silicate based- sealers fillings. The PUI significantly improved removal of the root-canals' filling materials.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Reciprocating systems and PUI are recommended whenever root-canals retreatment is considered regardless of using calcium silicate-based sealers.

Efficiency of reciprocating systems reciprocated at different angles in removing root-canals fillings with an MTA-type sealer: an Ex-vivo study

BACKGROUND

There have been no reports on the impact of different reciprocating angles on retreatment performance of reciprocating files. This ex-vivo study compared the efficiency of three reciprocating systems in removing MTA-type sealer-based filling materials and investigated the influence of different reciprocating angles on their retreatment ability.

METHODS

140 root-canals were instrumented to a 35 apical size and filled with an MTA-type sealer and gutta-percha cones. Samples were scanned by micro-computed-tomography and the root-canals fillings volumes were measured. Samples were divided into 7 groups according to the reciprocating angles at which the WaveOne-Gold (WOG), Reciproc-Blue (RB) and R-Motion (RM) systems were reciprocated to remove the root-canals' fillings. The WOG-150/30, WOG-90/30, RB-150/30, RB-90/30, RM-150/30 and RM-90/30 groups in which the systems were reciprocated at 150/30 and 90/30 (counterclockwise/clockwise) angles. In the RB-270/30 group the RB system was reciprocated at 270/30 angles. Samples were re-scanned and the remaining filling materials' (RFMs) volumes were measured. The percentage of the RFMs volume and its mean value for each group were calculated and data were statistically analysed at 0.05 significance level.

RESULTS

The WOG system resulted in less RFMs (2.24%) when reciprocated at 90/30 angles compared to that resulted from the 150/30 angles (4.96%) [P = 0.002]. The RB system reciprocated at 90/30 angles resulted in less RFMs (2.67%) compared to that resulted from the 270/30 angles (6.64%) [P = 0.001]. The RFMs after using RM system reciprocated at 90/30 (6.02%) and 150/30 (7.61%) were greater than those of WOG (2.24 and 4.96%) and RB (2.67 and 4.34%) reciprocated at the same angles (P < 0.05). The longest time required to remove the filling materials was recorded with the RB-270/30 group (6.06 min) [P = 0.00]. The times required when the WOG, RB and RM files reciprocated at 90/30 angles (3.59, 3 and 3.05 mins, respectively) were shorter than those when files were reciprocated at 150/30 angles (5.25, 4.98 and 3.67 min, respectively) [P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONS

The WOG and RB systems removed more MTA-type sealer-based root-canals fillings than the RM system. Lower counterclockwise reciprocating angles improve the retreatment ability of reciprocating systems, especially the WOG system and can reduce the time required for retreatment procedures.

Factors affecting oral health determinants in female university students: a cross-sectional survey in Saudi Arabia

Objective This study aims at investigating factors affecting oral health patterns, attitudes and health risk behaviors among female university students. Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to female university students in Al Madinah in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Students were requested to answer questions on demographic data, oral hygiene practices, dental attendance, smoking history, practice of sports and body weight and height. Results Two hundred and fourteen students participated with age range of 18-31 years (mean = 21.64 ± 1.72 years). Oral hygiene habits were reported by a percentage of 97.2%, 34.6%, 30.8% and 19.2% who used a tooth brush, dental floss, mouthwash, and a miswak (a teeth cleaning twig made from the Salvadora persica tree), respectively. The only factor that was significantly associated with a good oral hygiene level was a university major of non-healthcare specialties (p = 0.009). Conclusion It is concluded that female university students use various oral hygiene methods, however, dental attendance is poor and a number of health risk factors are noticed like smoking, lack of practicing sport and unhealthy body mass index (BMI).

Comparison of onset anesthesia time and injection discomfort of 4% articaine and 2% mepivacaine during teeth extractions

Objective:

To investigate the speed of action and injection discomfort of 4% articaine and 2% mepivacaine for upper teeth extractions.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five patients were included in the articaine 4% group, and 45 in the mepivacaine 2% control group. After all injections, soft and hard tissue numbness was objectively gauged by dental probe at intervals of 15 s. Furthermore, the discomfort of the injections were recorded by the patients after each treatment on standard 100 mm visual analog scales, tagged at the endpoints with “no pain” (0 mm) and “unbearable pain” (100 mm).

Results:

There were significant differences in the meantime of first numbness to associated palatal mucosa and tooth of patients between mepivacaine and articaine buccal infiltration (BI) groups P = 0.01 and 0.01. Patients in the articaine group recorded earlier palatal mucosa and teeth numbness than those in the mepivacaine group. With regards to the discomfort of the needle injections, palatal injection was significantly more painful than BI (t-test: P < 0.001). Articaine buccal injection was significantly more painful than mepivacaine buccal injection (t-test: P <0.001). However, articaine palatal injection was less painful than articaine BI. Clinically, anesthesia onset time was faster in anterior upper teeth than upper middle and posterior teeth.

Conclusions:

BIs with 4% articaine was faster in achieving palate and teeth anesthesia than 2% mepivacaine for extraction of upper maxillary teeth. Patients in mepivacaine BI and articaine palatal injection groups reported less pain with needle injection. Failure of anesthesia was noticeable with maxillary multiple-rooted teeth.

A randomized control trial comparing the visual and verbal communication methods for reducing fear and anxiety during tooth extraction

PURPOSE

To evaluate the value of using the visual information for reducing the level of dental fear and anxiety in patients undergoing teeth extraction under LA.

METHODS

A total of 64 patients were indiscriminately allotted to solitary of the study groups following reading the information sheet and signing the formal consent. If patient was in the control group, only verbal information and routine warnings were provided. If patient was in the study group, tooth extraction video was showed. The level of dental fear and anxiety was detailed by the patients on customary 100 mm visual analog scales (VAS), with "no dental fear and anxiety" (0 mm) and "severe dental distress and unease" (100 mm). Evaluation of dental apprehension and fretfulness was made pre-operatively, following visual/verbal information and post-extraction.

RESULTS

There was a substantial variance among the mean dental fear and anxiety scores for both groups post-extraction (p-value < 0.05). Patients in tooth extraction video group were more comfortable after dental extraction than verbal information and routine warning group. For tooth extraction video group there were major decreases in dental distress and anxiety scores between the pre-operative and either post video information scores or postoperative scores (p-values < 0.05). Younger patients recorded higher dental fear and anxiety scores than older ones (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Dental fear and anxiety associated with dental extractions under local anesthesia can be reduced by showing a tooth extraction video to the patients preoperatively.

Unconventional materials and substances used in water pipe (narghile) by smokers in central western region of Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the use of unconventional substances and materials in water pipe among café water pipe smokers.

METHODS

This was a questionnaire-based survey among subjects attending coffee shops in the region of Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia between February and March 2013.

RESULTS

We invited 110 subjects, only 90 consented to participate in the study. A percentage of 1.1% used fluids other than water in the water pipe tank, 18.9% added other soft drinks to the tank, and 7.8% added flowers, spices or drugs to the tobacco mix placed in the head of the water pipe. A proportion of participants used fruits to replace the water pipe head (12.2%), or to replace water pipe tank (4.4%). Higher number of children the smokers had and cafe smoking were all significantly associated with unconventional practices.

CONCLUSION

A substantial percentage of sample of water pipe smokers in Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia use unusual materials and/or substances in the water pipe and this is probably encouraged by cafe smoking.